id stringlengths 36 36 | question stringlengths 1 1.57k | opa stringlengths 1 287 | opb stringlengths 1 287 | opc stringlengths 1 286 | opd stringlengths 1 301 | cop class label 4
classes | choice_type stringclasses 2
values | exp stringlengths 1 22.5k ⌀ | subject_name stringclasses 21
values | topic_name stringlengths 3 135 ⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6b6b54ac-204c-4755-b0d8-b6ae65395370 | Transverse fracture of maxilla is ? | Le Fo-1 | Le Fo-2 | Le Fo-3 | Cranifacial disruction | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Le Fo-1 It is classified into 3 types : ? Le Fo I (transverse) fracture runs above and parallel to the plate. It crosses lower pa of nasal septum, maxillary antra and the pterygoid plates. Le Fo II (pyramidal) fracture passes through the root of nose, lacrimal bone, floor of orbit, upper pa of maxilla... | ENT | null |
8ade7c18-5c92-448d-86e8-4ba343bf981d | O2 release to tissue is affected by all except | 2,3-DPG | pH | Bicarbonate | Globin chain | 2c | multi | Ans: c (Bicarbonate) Ref: Ganong 22nd ed/p.667O2 release to tissue depends on oxygen dissociation curve.Shift of oxygen dissociation curve depends upon 2,3 - DPG pH and globin chain. | Physiology | Respiratory System |
3d59a333-060b-40c9-bff7-a9b96c70142a | The proseal LMA has advantage over normal LMA | In being more easy to inse | Comparable to endotracheal tube in preventing aspiration | Can be inseed in concious patient. | Can be used for pulmonary toileting | 1b | single | Advantage of proseal LMA over classical LMA is that it is comparable to ETT in preventing aspiration. The PLMA shows several modifications from the cLMA: The drain tube runs through the device from the tip to the proximal end. When the PLMA is correctly positioned, the tip of the device forms a high-pressure seal with ... | Anaesthesia | Airway |
e6711124-803e-494d-9cfd-f859cf46820c | Which among the following fluoroquinolone has longest half-life? | Levofloxacin | Lomefloxacin | Ciprofloxacin | Moxifloxacin | 3d | single | Among the given options, the drug with longest half life is moxifloxacin (around 12 hours) but overall longest acting is sparfloxacin. Half-life of fluoroquinolones Drug Half Life Drug Half Life Ciprofloxacin 4 hours Norfloxacin 3 hours Gatifloxacin 7-8 hours Levofloxacin 7-8 hours Lomefloxacin 8 hours Moxifloxacin 12-... | Pharmacology | Antimetabolites and Quinolones |
40ece149-0759-4f56-b6e2-3ee20c6fdc14 | Regarding fovea, which of the following statements is true –a) Has the lowest threshold for lightb) Contains only conesc) Contains only rodsd) Maximum visual acuitye) Is located at apex of optic nerve | acd | bcd | abc | abd | 3d | multi | Fovea centralis contains only cones; therefore, has maximum visual acuity and lowest threshold for light.
Option d is absurd as there is no apex in the optic nerve. It is orbital apex where the optic nerve enters the eye socket. | Ophthalmology | null |
6f984290-fd4b-414f-8f2d-1a9c10b1ed00 | Sprue should ideally be made of | Inlay wax | plastic rod | Hollow plastic | hollow metal | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
91945f21-0fb3-43da-9d38-9f519ba9b10f | Serotonin is: | 5 Hydroxy tryptophan | 5 Hydroxy tryptamine | 5 Carboxy tryptamine | 5 Carboxy tryptophan | 1b | single | Ans. B. 5 Hydroxytryptamine5 Hydroxy Tryptophan is decarboxylated by Aromatic aminoacid decarboxylase to form 5 Hydroxytryptamine or Serotonin. Coenzyme is PLP. | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
71acfd4f-4900-4977-9268-d68a1b2c28a6 | Which of the following is more common in children? | Gingivitis | Periodontitis | ANUG | Pericoronitis | 0a | single | Recent recognition that periodontal disease may have its origins in childhood has led dentists to be more aggressive in treatment. Studies confirm a high prevalence of gingival inflammation in children.
Reference: McDONALD AND AVERY’S DENTISTRY for the CHILD and ADOLESCENT, 10th ed page no 243 | Dental | null |
08ff3f4e-97f2-4bf6-9b3d-4a7ff7c611e1 | Irreversible cell injury is characterised by which of the following? | Mitochondrial densities | Cellular swelling | Blebs | Myelin figures | 0a | single | The two key features of irreversible injury are:
Inability to reverse mitochondrial dysfunction and
Development of profound disturbances in the membrane function | Pathology | null |
2fe7a87c-de23-4c20-96be-8c951488f6ad | Maternal viremia most commonly spreading to fetus in utero: | CMV | Rubella | HIV | Herpes | 0a | single | Ans. (a) CMV Ref. Nelson 17/e, p 568, 623, 626, 631 Transplacental transmission occure in Viruses Rubella CMV HSV Varicella zoster virus Parvo B - 19 Coxasackie viruses HIV West nile virus Coxasackie viruses HBV and HCV Measles Bacteria Syphilis TB Brucella Parasite Plasmodium T. cruzi Microsporidia Toxoplasma | Microbiology | null |
239371f7-936d-46de-a526-d9249676a2a4 | Injury to cervical sympathetic trunk produces Horner's syndrome, that includes all, except | Anhydrosis | Enopthalmos | Ptosis | Mydriasis | 3d | multi | Injury to cervical Symphathetic trunk (which are formed by T1 to T4 fibres of spinal cord) produces Horner's syndrome. It is characterized by
• ptosis (dropping of the upper eyelid)
• miosis (constriction of pupil)
• anhydrosis (loss of sweating)
• enophthalmos (retraction of eye ball) | Anatomy | null |
1ad4153a-e3ce-4628-b857-68a3a18fee13 | Not a criteria of J.R.A (Juvenile Rheumatoid Ahritis) | Age > 16 yrs | Ahritis > 3 wks | Ahritis > 6 months | 1 or more joint involvement | 0a | single | . juvenile Rheumatoid ahritis : age should be below 16 yrs Ref : Ghai pediatrics eighth edition pg no 625 | Pediatrics | Musculoskeletal disorders |
791a3030-3087-498e-8eef-8a31521eb2cc | The disease associated with miss folded proteins is: | Typhoid | Prions disease | Cholera | All | 1b | multi | Prions disease is produced due to miss folded proteins Most common type of prions disease is: creutzfeldt-jakob disease Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:10,11,12 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
03845b05-1c45-48d5-84dd-ac44a96963de | Slapped cheek appearance is caused by - | Parvo virus | Measles | Rubella | HHV-6 | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Parvo virus DiseaseI.P.ProdromeRashOther diagnostic featureo Roseola Infantum (6th disease) caused byHHV-610-14 daysFever (3-4 days)o Pink macular rash appearing at the end of illness,o Resolves within 2 dayso It spares the faceo Usually occur in children between 2-6 yrs. of ageRubella14-21 daysUsuall... | Skin | Skin Lesions And Disorders Of Pigmentation |
92611dda-1895-41f9-b449-1b76585b3c8c | Which of the following is also known as collateral ligament? | Sphenomandibular ligament | Discal ligament | Stylomandibular ligament | Lateral ligament | 1b | single | The collateral ligaments attach the medial and lateral borders of articular disc to the poles of condyles and are commonly called as discal ligaments. | Dental | null |
4b0b6bd9-2ca7-4623-af4b-816360c47cfc | Urinary bladder spasmolytic having local anaesthetic propey- | Tamsulosin | Terazosin | Oxybutynin | Yohimbine | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Oxybutynin o Oxybutynin, a newer antimuscarinic, has high affinity for receptors in urinary bladder and salivary glands alongwith additional smooth muscle relaxant and local anaesthetic propeies. | Pharmacology | null |
c44825c7-ab2e-469d-b8b8-dcf0e31e4923 | When subcondylar fractures on protrusion of mandible it deviates to | Same side | Opposite side | Does not move | retrudes | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
8426170a-cc44-429e-8695-2644b4e796e2 | The drug of choice for the treatment of Pneumocystis jirovei (Pneumocystis carini) pneumonia is | Lamivudine | Co-trimoxazole | Doxycycline | Itraconazole | 1b | single | Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is characterised by progressive dyspnoea with dry cough and fever.Chest X ray shows bilateral interstitial infiltrate spreading out from hilar regions.High resolution CT scan is more sensitive,showing 'ground-glass' interstitial infiltrates.Diagnosis is made with silver stains,PCR,immun... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
5247fd89-39cd-4541-b787-f47e1486a5fc | Ewings sarcoma arises from: | Totipoetent cells | Blastemal cells | Neuroectodermal cells | Mesodermal cells | 2c | single | Ewings sarcoma is a neuro ectodermal tumor. | Pathology | null |
754cab04-42ca-46f2-974b-5e65434b465d | Antidote of methyl alcohol poisoning is: | Barbiturate | Fomepizole | Phenytoin | Phenytoin | 1b | single | Fomepizole (4-methylpyrazole) is a specific inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase & drug of choice for methanol poisoning by retarding its metabolism . Ref KD Tripathi 8th ed. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
d245bd4e-08eb-48b0-83f4-6edef3e91240 | A 5-year-old boy presents with ear pain and fever. The left eardrum is inflamed with a small perforation in it and pus is seen in the external canal. A swab of the area grows S. pneumoniae. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for S. pneumoniae to cause otitis media? | hematogenous spread | direct extension from the nasopharynx | direct inoculation on the ear | spread through lymphatic tissue | 1b | multi | Infections of the middle ear, trachea, sinuses, bronchi, and lungs are caused by direct spread from nasopharyngeal colonization. Disease of the CNS, heart valves, bones, joints, and peritoneal are usually caused by hematogenous dissemination. | Medicine | Infection |
07e304b2-6c82-4e59-a243-9704b8fb8e33 | Coombs test is: | Precipitation test | Agglutination test | CFT | Neutralization test | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Agglutination test(Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 109 and 8th/e, p. 108)* Coombs test (antiglobulin test or anti - Rh antibody test) is an agglutination test.* The direct Coombs test is used to detect antibodies that are stuck to the surface of red blood cells. Many diseases and drugs can cause this. ... | Microbiology | Immunology |
e9ddd9d9-8500-4daa-a3f9-ac2ca275ee61 | Live attenuated microorganisms are used in the following type of vaccine for the production of immunity: | BCG | Salk | DPT | Tetanus toxoid | 0a | single | Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is the only widely used live bacterial vaccine. It consists of living bacteria derived from an attenuated bovine strain of tubercle bacilli. The bacilli used for vaccine production are descendants of the original Calmette strain of BCG. The WHO has recommended the 'Danish 1331' str... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
97e5c678-e69b-4156-b2fa-44161d015135 | Coical area controlling vestibular function is located in ? | Frontal lobe | Parietal lobe | Occipital lobe | All of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is'b'i.e., Parietal lobe [Rel Gray's Anatomy'E book p. j20)Information from the vestibular nuclei also reaches the cerebral coex by way of thalamus (probably posterior pas of the ventroposterior complex and the medial pulvinar).The primary vestibular coical area is located in the parietal lobe | Physiology | null |
e32aeaf6-0975-4b61-aa7b-d0467e8af601 | Which of the following is not a component of carotid sheath | Vagus nerve | Internal jugular vein | External carotid artery | Internal carotid artery | 2c | single | It is a condensation of the fibroareolar tissue around the main vessels of the neck. There are the common and internal carotid arteries and internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve | Anatomy | null |
f57c38f8-a648-49f6-8456-a330c40d600d | Increased risk of liver adenoma is found in which of the following diseases? | Lipid storage disorder | Mitochondrial disease | Glycogen storage disorder | Lysosomal storage disorder | 2c | single | Increased risk of hepatic adenomas is a feature of glycogen storage disorder type 1 (Von Geirke's disease). NARP stands for Neuropathy, Ataxia and Retinitis Pigmentosa. NARP is a disease featuring weakness of the muscles near the trunk, ataxia (wobbliness), retinal disease, seizures and developmental delay. Ref : Bioch... | Biochemistry | All India exam |
fc98e962-fa25-44dd-8e86-492a16f74724 | A 29 year old male found HBsAg positive with highly increased SCOT levels but HBeAg negative. Which of the foUowing is true about the status ofthe patient - | Precore mutant | Core-promoter mutant | Wild type mutant | Surface mutant | 0a | multi | Hepatitis B e antigen Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) is an indicator of viral replication. In acute hepatitis B it may appear only transiently at the outset of the illness; its appearance is followed by the production of antibody (anti-HBe). The HBeAg reflects active replication of the virus in the liver. Chronic HBV in... | Medicine | G.I.T |
108e5590-53b9-4d43-83b3-6d06e55ab312 | Anti pruritic property is seen with | Thiopentone | Propofol | Etomidate | Ketamine | 1b | single | Propofol has anti pruritic property. | Anaesthesia | null |
b9232c3f-460a-41be-91b2-6b65bb473529 | The frequently occurring value in a distribution of data is: September 2012, March 2013 (b) | Median | Mode | Standard detion | Mean | 1b | single | Ans: B i.e. Mode The mode is the value that appears most often in a set of data. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
6cd9fbd5-8748-4599-9dd5-7b9210bcba8d | Reservoir for scrub typhus - | Mite | Humans | Rodents | Dogs | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Rodents DiseaseAgentInsect vectorMammalian reservoir1. Typhus group a. Epidemic typhusR. prowazekiiLouseHumansb. Murine typhus (Endemic typhus)R. typhiFleaRodentsc. Scrub typhusR. tsutsugamushiMiteRodents2. Spotted fever group a. Indian tick typhusR.conoriiTickRodents, dogsb. Rocky mountain spotted fe... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases |
94125c72-5ada-4568-a2e1-8673c793efc5 | To avoid contraception DMPA Is given : | Monthly | 3 Monthly | 6 Monthl | Yearly | 1b | single | Ans. is b i.e. 3 monthly | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f860c6d4-c4a9-4bf6-ab82-b7fdd7f00752 | What is the normal weight of uterus? | 20 g | 40 g | 60 g | 100 g | 2c | single | Ans. C 60 gRef: William's OB, 23rd ed. Ch 1* William's states "In nonparous women, the uterus averages 50 to 70 g, whereas in parous women it averages 80 g or more"* Since this question is asking just the normal weight of uterus, 60 gm is most appropriate given the option.UTERUS* Shape- pyriform* Size- 7.5 cm long x 5 ... | Anatomy | Abdomen & Pelvis |
8f3736dc-ca76-4bd5-ba51-2df147a4297e | Frieberg's disease involve | Tibial tuberosity | Calcaneal tuberosity | 2nd metatarsal | 5th metarasal | 2c | single | condition characterized by infarction and fracture of the metatarsal head. Most often seen in 2nd metatarsal (MT) head, paicularly the dorsal aspect4th and 5th MT rarely affected Bony nucleus of epiphysis is affected in osteochondritis Ref: Maheshwari and Mhaskar 6e pg 318. | Orthopaedics | Anatomy and physiology of bone and fracture healing |
4a9e34a7-c0eb-47fb-b89a-9b3550d59e67 | Which of the following lymph nodes are known as Delphic nodes? | Pretracheal | Paratracheal | Supraclavicular | Posterior triangle | 0a | single | There is extensive lymphatic network seen in thyroid. Although some lymph channels pass directly to the deep cervical nodes, the subcapsular plexus drains principally to the central compament juxta thyroid - 'Delphian' or pretracheal - and paratracheal nodes and nodes on the superior and inferior thyroid veins, and fro... | Anatomy | null |
b48fcefc-35a5-47f3-aeb4-38814762ecaf | Salivary amylase is activated by | Na+ | K+ | HCO3- | Cl- | 3d | single | Both salivary and pancreatic α -amylases are activated by Cl– | Physiology | null |
23c51c99-169c-430f-bef4-2aad21ddbf61 | Filgrastim is used for the treatment of : | Neutropenia | Anemia | Polycythemia | Neutrophilia | 0a | single | Filgrastim (G-CSF) and sargramostim (GM-CSF) are used to prevent or treat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.
Erythropoietin is used to treat anemia associated with chronic renal failure and cancer chemotherapy.
Oprelvekin (IL-11) is used to prevent and treat thrombocytopenia. | Pharmacology | null |
072d0d35-4e00-4e76-8168-dd06f5561fa7 | Which among the following is not a branch of Arch of Aoa? | Brachiocephalic | Right common carotid | Left common carotid | Left Subclan | 1b | single | Right common carotid REF: Keith L. Moore 4th edition page 103The branches of the arch of the aoa are:Brachiocephalic trunk.Left common carotid aery.Left subclan aery.The brachiocephalic trunk, the first and largest branch of the arch, arises posterior to the manubrium, where it lies anterior to the trachea and posterio... | Anatomy | null |
58764465-7377-428d-bbba-4345d914e564 | Bactericidal inhibitors of protein synthesis are: | Tetracyclines | Aminoglycosies | Macrolides | Lincosamides | 1b | single | (Ref: KDT 6/e p669) Most protein synthesis inhibiting antibiotics are bacterostatic but aminoglycosides are bactericidal. | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
21eea28e-cf97-4c3f-8d4d-f2b096cd297a | Proptosis is seen in | Neuroblastoma | Meningioma | Sympathetic Ophthalmia | Injuries | 0a | single | B option is also correct Neuroblastoma metastasizes in the orbit causing Proptosis Refer khurana 6/e | Anatomy | General anatomy |
a7650716-43ac-466d-a73f-59e79c962469 | True about Budd-chiari syndrome -a) Associated with coagulopathyb) Cirrhosis may occur c) Good prognosisd) Ascites may be present e) Hepatic vein thrombosis | abcd | bcde | acde | abde | 3d | multi | Budd Chiari syndrome may be predisposed by hypercoagulable conditions, eg deficiency of antithrombin, protein C & S.
Clinical features
The acute syndrome presents with rapidly progressive - severe upper abdominal pain, jaundice, hepatomegaly (enlarge liver), ascites, elevated liver enzymes and eventual encephalopathy.
... | Pathology | null |
62116417-e392-4b3a-b328-931da599fec1 | Which is false about Wuchereria bancrofti - | Causes filariasis | Body is long and slender | Terminal nuclei absent | Man and anopheles are host | 3d | multi | Definite host- man Intermediate host- mosquito No animal reservoir is known for W.bancrofti The adult worms are harboured in lymphatic system of man (refer pgno:166 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
7be112b7-544a-4a05-ac99-3ec64356cf8a | The blood supply of the medulla comes from all of the following, EXCEPT: | Posterior inferior cerebellar aery | Veebral aery | Spinal aeries | Superior cerebellar aery | 3d | multi | Blood supply to the medulla is supplied byAnterior spinal aery: The anterior spinal aery supplies the whole medial pa of the medulla oblongata.Posterior inferior cerebellar aery: It is a major branch of the veebral aery that supplies the posterolateral pa of the medulla.Veebral aery: It supplies an area between the oth... | Anatomy | null |
55f00124-0031-41b8-8a08-7b3b6452da0a | All of the following are true about Weber's syndrome. Except | Ipsilateral occulomotor nerve palsy | Diplopia | Contralateral hemiplagia | Ipsilateral facial nerve palsy | 3d | multi | Answer is D (Ipsilateral facial nerve palsy): Weber's syndrome is `midbrain' syndrome charachterized by Ipsilateral Occulomotor Nerve Palsy (Opthalmoplegia / Diplopia) and Contralateral Hemiplegia. Midbrain Syndromes Symptoms and Signs Structures involved Weber's syndrome * Ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy * Oculomot... | Medicine | null |
c7c1d7ed-bf87-42a3-b3f9-1af5cb04291e | H. Influenzae grows on all of the media except | Chocolate agar | Fields agar | Nutrient agar | Blood agar with S aureus streak line | 2c | multi | Nutrient agar lacks factor V and X hence does not suppo it's growth. | Anatomy | Bacteriology |
c3d7218d-6e1b-4ef5-9ead-7caadee5a52a | Chronic cocaine abuse have following features except: | Peripheral gangrene | Black staining of tongue | Formication | Run amok | 3d | multi | Cocaine : Fatal dose: 1g oral/ 20 mg IV Chronic cocaine abuse: a) Ulceration of nasal septum / palate b) Peripheral gangrene c) Black color staining of tongue d) Cocaine bugs/ formication Chronic cannabis abuse: a. Amotivational syndrome b. Run amok: homicidal impulse/stabbing spree | Forensic Medicine | Drug Abuse |
82830320-7989-4d62-8941-35aa94b0089e | During general dental treatment local anesthesia is feasible in? | Child | Adult | Mentally retarded | Physically challenged | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
65ce78de-ff84-4103-b878-04fcc8663768 | Gram-negative bacteria doesn't take gram stain because it is made of: | Polysaccharide | Lipopolysaccharide | Techoic acid | None of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. d. None of the above | Microbiology | null |
5e517c8d-4f09-4fbc-832a-d0ea758595a9 | Best screening method for Mirizzi syndrome is: | USG abdomen | CECT abdomen | Plain X-Ray abdomen | ERCP | 3d | single | Mirizzi syndrome: Suspected cases should be examined with ultrasonography or CT for anatomical evaluation to avoid biliary injury or postoperative biliary leakage related to undetected fistula formation. ERCP has been recommended as the best screening method. Ref: Turk J Gastroenterol 2008; 19 (4): 258-263. | Surgery | null |
87a3bac4-9464-46b1-a732-e88953375794 | xylene and toluene ate types of | inhalants | hallicinigens | stimulants | anabolic androgenic steroids | 0a | multi | Inhalants * FAMOUS COMPONDS==Toluene, xylene, trichloroethylene AGE OF ONET-----------Adolescent * Breath only for minutes, * inexpensive, * legal to possess, * easily concealed * COMPLICATIONS * Respiratory depression, * aspiration, * temporal lobe epilepsy, * leukoencephalopathy * LAB INVESTIGATION * Urine.==========... | Psychiatry | Substance abuse |
0c44fab8-128a-4bb8-a19c-edf2bd47d0aa | Physiological locking involves | Internal rotation of femur over stabilized tibia | Internal rotation of tibia over stabilized femur | External rotation of tibia over stabilized femur | External rotation of femur over stabilized tibia | 0a | single | A i.e. Internal rotation of femur over stabilized tibia Physiological locking occurs in last 30 degree of extension, when femur rotates medially (internally) over stabilized tibiaQ. This very stable position is caused by quadriceps femoris muscle. Unlocking needed to initiate flexion is carried out by popliteus muscle,... | Surgery | null |
3237cac7-65d9-4859-b5b6-1ca98694ddd1 | The approximate no of genes contained in human genome | A. 40,000 | B. 30,000 | C. 80,000 | D. 1,00,000 | 1b | single | Humans have a mere 30,000 genes rather than the 100000 predicted only recently . Recent ribbons mention the no of genes 20,000 to 25,000 Ribbons 7th/219 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
b2792f26-5561-45cc-af6b-f3c214b24007 | Acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction is caused by | Timolol | Pilocarpine | Brimonidine | Dorzolamide | 1b | single | B i.e. Pilocarpine | Ophthalmology | null |
34f4dc0d-96fe-4617-ac46-270c631c1241 | A patient is brought to the emergency room after being found by search and rescue teams. He was mountain climbing, got caught in a sudden snowstorm, and had to survive in a cave. He had no food for 6 days. In adapting to these conditions, which metabolic process has increased rather than decreased? | The brain's use of glucose | Muscle's use of ketone bodies | The red blood cells' use of glucose | The brain's use of ketone bodies | 3d | single | In the starvation state, muscle decreases the use of ketone bodies, causing an elevation of ketone bodies in the bloodstream. The brain uses the ketone bodies for energy and uses less glucose, decreasing the need for gluconeogenesis and thus sparing muscle protein degradation to provide the precursors for gluconeogenes... | Biochemistry | Nutrition & Digestion |
48b462ba-440a-4443-84fb-05021ae5fc8e | A 27 year old male is is incidentally HBsAg positive. DNA-PCR for hepatitis B revealed 1000 copies/ml.The patient is suffering from? | Active HBV carrier | Acute hepatitis B | Chronic hepatitis B | Inactive HBV carrier | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
048486c6-12e1-44a7-8918-383fad8bc75f | In an adult patient with plural effusion, the most appropriate site for plurisentesis done by inseing a needle is in: | 5th intercostals space in midclevicular line | 7th intercostal space in mid axillary's bone | 2nd intercostals space adjacent to the sternum | 10th intercostal space adjacent to the veebral column | 1b | single | Answer is B (7th Intercostal space in mid axillary line): Site of pleural effusion drainage is seventh intercostal space in mid-axillary line. Pneumothorax | Medicine | null |
ca9ac082-dd5d-4387-ad90-ed37a10af084 | A patient presents with history of bullae involving >30% BSA along with rashes all over body with erosions of the lips and other mucosa for few days. What can be the triggering factor? | Viral infection | Drug induced | Bacterial infection | Idiopathic | 1b | multi | Ans. B. Drug induced* Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a potentially life-threatening dermatologic disorder characterized by widespread (TEN involves more than 30% of the body surface, whereas SJS involves less than 10%) erythema, necrosis, and bullous detachment of the epidermis and mucous membranes, resulting in e... | Skin | Miscellaneous |
004585b9-9349-4e0b-bebe-4e8e614a9dc5 | The reproductive method by which fungi asexually produce rectangular spores by fragmentation of hyphae is known as- | Chlamydospore | Blastospore | Conidiophore | Ahrospore | 3d | multi | Ahrospores Fungi asexually produce rectangular spores Produced by fragmentation of hypha. Eg.Coccidioides. | Microbiology | Mycology |
c5fb528c-1155-4523-bf4c-7e0cbe2b4729 | Which of the following is earliest sign of ulcerative colitis on double contrast barium enema (DCBE) study? | Fine Mucosal granularity | Loss of haustrations | 'Collar-button' ulcers | Lead pipe colon | 0a | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
1d3d7abf-36bb-453d-9609-a701d1aead52 | The drug of choice for treatment of thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy is | Iodine therapy | Carbimazole | Propylthiouracil | Methimazole | 2c | single | Refer KDT 6 /e p 250 Propylthiouracil does not cross placenta and us therefore The drug of choice in first trimester pregnancy | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
f3fa2639-9cba-4c2d-9629-8b1bb4858f36 | A city has a population of 10000 with 500 diabetic patients. A new diagnostic test gives true positive result in 350 patients and false positive result in 1900 patients. Which of the following is/are true regarding the test ? | Prevalence is 5% | Sensitivity is 70% | Specificity is 80% | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Prevalence is 5%; 'b' i.e., Sensitivity is 70% & 'c' i.e., Specificity is 80% In this question : Total patients = 500 (diabetic patients) True positive patients = 350 Thus remaining 150 (500-350) are false negative. 350 So, sensitivity of test = 350+150 70% Similarly, Total non-diseased are = 9500 (10... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
c93fdaea-b405-4b93-bf84-8887ad38be04 | Which of the following is the most common tumor of the fetus and newborn – | Neuroblastoma | Wilm's tumor | Leukemia | Sacrococcygeal Teratoma | 3d | single | Sacrococcygeal Teratoma (SCT) is the most common neoplasm in the fetus and newborn.
Sacrococcygeal Teratoma (SCT) is the most common neoplasm in the fetus and newborn with an estimated prevalence of 1:30,000- 1:40,000 and with a 3:1 female preponderance. - Handbook of Fetal Medicine by Shailesh Kumar (Cambridge Univ P... | Pediatrics | null |
9582b5cd-7ec8-442d-8112-8b45a4d4414a | Efferent's from cerebellum is through | Golgi cells | Basket cells | Purkinje cells | Bipolar cells | 2c | single | The only output from the cerebellum is the axons of Purkinje cells, they are the biggest neurons of CNS & are inhibitory in nature (GABA ) Ref: Ganong 25th ed/page 250 | Physiology | Nervous system |
4b5221fd-1e3f-4c21-899b-19862447ec43 | Which of the following is not associated with ANCA? | Microscopic polyangitis | Churg strauss syndrome | Wegener's granulomatosis | Henoch shonlein purpura | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
a338af1c-6654-4287-af2e-c11106eb9f92 | Antisperm antibodies are usually present in the : | Cervix | Vagina | Uterus | Fallopian tube | 0a | multi | Cervix | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0a2247a4-63ca-4be1-ad62-0794e16a3091 | The only oncogenic virus whose pathogenicity has been proved without doubt is - | HTLV - I | HTLV - II | HTLV - III | HTLV - IV | 0a | single | HTLV1 present world wide.it causes adult T cell leukemia,tropical dpadtic paraparesid.it mainly infect CD4 cells .infected cell express more inter leukin2 REF:<\p>MICROBIOLOGY ANANTHA NARAYANAN NINTH EDITION PAGE.567 | Microbiology | Virology |
268a0f6c-6fd2-477b-885c-b3019453cd48 | All are features of dengue hemorrhagic fever expect: | Thrombocytopenia | Narrow pulse pressure | Hematocrit elevated | Positive torniquet test. | 1b | multi | 1. Criteria for diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF): o Fever - acute, high, continuous for 2-7 days. o Positive tourniquet test o Enlargement of liver o Laboratory evidence o Thrombocytopenia (< 1000,000/mm3) o Haemoconcentration (Haematocrit raised by >20%) Narrow pulse pressure is not seen in DHF | Microbiology | Virology Pa-2 (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) |
b4ae452b-78b9-417f-ab15-5a569565eddc | Brown, spherical, septate bodies from pus are diagnostic of: | Geotrichosis | Chromomycosis | Mucormycosis | Sporotrichosis | 1b | single | Chromoblastomycosis is also known as verrucous dermatitis. Lesions consist of way cutaneous nodule which resemble the florets of cauliflower. The disease is confined to subcutaneous tissue of feet and lower legs. Histologically lesions show, the presence of fungus as round / irregular, dark brown, yeast - like bodies w... | Microbiology | null |
1d7f0b25-6249-410d-a6ad-fb4092f7c8b9 | The deep ring is situated in | External oblique | Internal oblique | Fascialis tranversalis | Cremasteric fascia | 2c | single | INGUINAL CANAL:-
The oblique intermuscular passage in the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall.
Extends from the deep inguinal ring to superficial.
Deep ring- oval opening in fascia transversalis.
1.25 cm above mid-inguinal point.
Superficial ring: triangular gap in external oblique aponeurosis.
Length: 4cm
Direc... | Anatomy | null |
8cbe1669-ceae-4923-85ea-281077937fc7 | A farmer rearing sheep, presented with complaints of fever and weakness for the last one month. There is generalised lymphadenopathy. There was also associated hepatomegaly. Biopsy of liver showed non-caseating granuloma. There are most likely due to infection with: | Yersinia pestis | Brucella canis | Francisella tularensis | Brucella melitensis | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Brucella melitensis(Ref: Harrison, 19th/e, p. 1066 and Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 339)Most common focal feature of brucellosis is musculoskeletal pain.Classic triad of fever - Profuse night sweating, arthralgia/arthritis and Hepatosplenomegaly are present in most patients.History of contact with animal... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
9b7a66b0-d47f-42e4-ac7f-f641442f5a0e | Fulminant Amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by? | Acanthamoeba | N.fowleri | E.Histolytic | E. Coli | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., N. fowleri | Microbiology | null |
4a99b01c-f8df-4710-823a-2dec1ec22502 | Which is the only local anaesthesia which raises the BP: | Lignocaine | Cocaine | Prilocaine | Lidocaine | 1b | single | Cocaine increases BP by inhibiting the reuptake of catecholamines. | Pharmacology | null |
1484a9d5-4f10-411d-a901-f31ed68954ae | A 47-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with symptoms of new-onset transient right arm weakness and word-finding difficulty lasting 3 hours. She is also experiencing exertional dyspnea, and had a syncopal event 1 month ago. Her medical history is only remarkable for 2 uneventful pregnancies, and she is... | myxoma | sarcoma | rhabdomyoma | fibroma | 0a | single | The myxoma is a solitary globular or polypoid tumor varying in size from that of a cherry to a peach. About 75% are found in the left atrium, and most of the remainder in the right atrium. The clinical presentation is with one or more of the classical triad of constitution symptoms (fatigue, fever, anemia), embolic eve... | Medicine | C.V.S. |
9d8f552f-c42b-46c7-9b17-d91f74c33a3e | The chromosomal disorder in patau Syndrome is: | Chromosome 21 | Chromosome 18 | Chromosome 13 | Chromosome 45x / 46xx | 2c | single | (Chromosome 13) (593-G) (615-Ghai 7th)* Down syndrome - 21* Edwards syndrome - 18* Patau syndrome - 13* Turner's syndrome - 45X/ 46XX* Klinefelter syndrome - 47XXY | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders |
4c4afcaa-25b9-4ee2-a8b6-127a2be9d5fe | Syncytium formation is a property of - | Herpes virus | Adenovirus | Measles virus | Rabies virus | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Measles virus Methods of detection of viral growth in cell cultures1. Cytopathic effecto Many viruses causes morphological changes in cultured cells knowm as cytopathic effect,o Examples are:EnterovirusMeasles virusHerpes virusAdenovirusSV40Crenation of cells and degeneration of the entire cell sheetS... | Microbiology | Virology |
67d2dfed-1494-4d37-ae68-6e4c2601f6e5 | Right hepatic duct drains all, Except: | Segment I | Segment III | Segment V | Segment VI | 1b | multi | B i.e. Segment III | Anatomy | null |
f97644fa-6899-4d39-841e-b487c9abf4e3 | True about trematodes - | Two host required | Segmented | Anus present | Body cavity present | 0a | multi | character cestodes trematodes nematodes shape tape like leaf like elongated and cylindrical body segmented unsegmented unsegmented sexes monoecious monoecious(except shistosoma) separate head contains suckers,often with suckers present,not hooks suckers and hooks absent body cavity absent absent present alimentary cana... | Microbiology | parasitology |
83d94b0b-1dc4-4b61-93ac-c9192aec71c9 | Fracture of body of mandible with full arch of teeth (undisplaced) is treated by: | IMF | Open reduction and internal fixation | Close reduction and internal fixation | External pin fixation | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
14f13ea0-4aa2-4611-9c1a-8f4013e24401 | Vigorous treatment of nephritis in SLE is indicated in: | Class I & II | Class III & IV | Class IV & V | Class V & VI | 1b | single | Renal Biopsy in SLE: The pattern and severity of injury are impoant in diagnosis and selecting the best therapy. Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment is indicated in : Class III and IV disease Class V accompanied by III or IV disease Treatment for lupus nephritis is not recommended in class I or II disease or with ex... | Medicine | null |
54626b5b-99ba-42b1-a5d8-e5ba1f4e295b | Pathognomonic sign of traumatic fracture is - | Redness | Swelling | Crepitus | Tenderness | 2c | single | This question is slightly different from the previous one. Here the examiner is asking about the pathognomonic feature (not most consistent feature) both are different :
A most consistent feature is the one which is always present in a fracture
a. The pathognomonic feature is the one whose presence is diagnostic of a ... | Orthopaedics | null |
90461301-7559-4478-b039-4579f7bb51d1 | Metcalfe's Criteria is used for: | Assessing risk of maternal moality in pregnancy | Grading congenital valvular hea diseases in pregnancy | Findings suggestive of hea disease in pregnancy | Classifying various cardiomyopathies | 2c | single | Metcalfe's Criteria for Hea Disease in Pregnancy (Finding Suggestive of Hea Disease in Pregnancy) Symptoms Progressive dyspnea or ohopnea Nocturnal cough Hemoptysis Syncope Chest pain Clinical Findings Cyanosis Clubbing of fingers Persistent neck vein distention Systolic murmur grade 3/6 or greater Diastolic murmur Car... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Medical Illness Complicating Pregnancy |
ff79a598-4bfd-404b-bbd9-5c69353b6781 | Renauld Braude phenomenon is seen in - | Candida albicans | Candida pscittasi | Histoplasma | Cryptococcus | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Candida albicans Candida o Candida albicans is the most common cause of mucosal candidiasis. o All Candida species pathogenic for humans are also encountered as commensals of humans, particularly in the mouth, stool and vagina. o They grow rapidly on simple media as oval budding cells at 25deg to 37o ... | Microbiology | Mycology |
15d5df51-a243-4432-8afd-b40da6b97281 | A young adult presents with proptosis and pain in eye after 4 days of trauma to eye. Chemosis, conjunctival congestion and extraocular muscle palsy with inability to move eye are seen.Investigation of choice - | MRI | Digital subtraction angiography | CT | MR angiography | 1b | single | Information in this question are :-
Presentation 4 days after trauma
Traumatic proptosis along with chemosis and conjunctival congestion
Extraocular muscle palsy (ophthalmoplegia)
Given the patient's clinical presentation of proptosis with chemosis and conjunctival congestion in the setting of cranio-facial injury,... | Ophthalmology | null |
913be714-9ac4-48f5-beb1-6a984658646b | Childhood obesity prevention is a type of? | Primordial prevention | Primary prevention | Secondary prevention | Tertiary prevention | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ddf92300-1923-4dab-b7bc-03b67c37ce86 | Which of the following is not a feature of multiple myeloma? | Recurrent infection | Neurological manifestation | t (8 - 14) translocation | Hypercalcemia | 2c | single | t (8 - 14) translocation is seen in 75% cases of Burkitt's lymphoma not multiple myeloma. Diagnostic criteria of multiple myeloma requires presence of more than 10% plasma cells in bone marrow, presence of monoclonal protein in serum or urine and presence of evidence of end organ damage (hypercalcemia, anemia, bone les... | Medicine | null |
e28050e4-469c-437b-b91c-2c8eaa3b0c44 | Which is the following is false regarding reversible cell injury? | Detachment of ribosomes from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | Breakdown of plasma membrane | Hydropic change | Accumulation of myelin figures in the cytoplasm | 1b | multi | On microscopic examination of reversibly injured cells, small clear vacuoles may be seen within the cytoplasm; these represent distended and pinched-off segments of the ER. This pattern of nonlethal injury is sometimes called hydropic change or vacuolar degeneration. The ultrastructural changes of reversible cell injur... | Pathology | Reversible Cell Injury |
2c82aac5-6bce-4865-8d84-2c7e63a1c85c | A 15 years old girl complains of anterior knee pain which increases on going upstairs and getting up after prolonged sitting. The most probable diagnosis is: | Chondromalacia Patellae | Plica syndrome | Bipartite patellae | Patellofemoral arthritis | 0a | single | Ans. A. Chondromalacia Patellaea. Bipartite patellae is congenital fragmentation of patellae and is usually asymptomaticb. Plica syndrome- presence of synovial fold in suprapatellar pouch which can undergo inflammation and presents as meniscal symptoms of lockingc. PFA will be seen in later age. | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around the Thigh & Knee |
6f053910-24c0-4269-a706-0f4843fe9f4f | Which of the following is both PPAR - α & PPAR - γ agonist? | Pioglitazone | Bizofibrate | Beroglitazar | Bromocriptine | 2c | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
e7c27198-0cbe-4676-ae4c-52d1c05bdc22 | Which of the following produces dissociated anesthesia | Ketamine | Propofol | Thiopentone | Enflurane | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Ketamine Mechanism of action of ketamineKetamine dissociatesThalamus from limbic cortexThalamus relays sensory inputs from R.A.S. (reticular activating system) to limbic cortex. Clinically this produces dissociative anaesthesia. In this state the patient appears conscious (e.g. eye opening, swallowing,... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia |
ae226df4-32c7-4788-87fd-c9921f93a95b | Cocket & Dodd's operation is for | Saphenofemoral flush ligation | Subfascial ligation | Deep vein thrombosis | Diabetic foot | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
3d9ee2de-ca86-4a86-8582-452cf101aebf | Which of the following muscle relaxant undergo Hoffman's degradation? | Atracurium | Succinylcholine | Gallamine | Pancuronium | 0a | multi | Atracurium is an intermediate acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker which is inactivated in the plasma by spontaneous nonenzymatic degradation (Hoffman's elimination) in addition to that by cholinesterase. | Anaesthesia | null |
c70de274-6fa4-41c8-9450-e244aa8bfe29 | A 4-week old first-born, pre-term boy admitted to your dept. 3 days ago. Chief complaint was Vomiting which was projectile without bile in it, and follows each feeding, and the baby is hungry and eager to eat again after he vomits. The baby is dehydrated and has visible gastric peristaltic waves and a palpable "Olive s... | Duodenostomy | Billroth Type-I GJstomy | KASAI operation | Ramstedt's pyloromyotomy | 3d | single | CHPS: Congenital Hyperophic Pyloric Stenosis IHPS: Infantile Hyperophic Pyloric Stenosis Clinical features After breast feeding, breast milk accumulates in stomach. Obstruction due to hyperophy at pylorus causes multiple episodes of non-bilious vomiting which can be projectile/non-projectile. IOC for diagnosis - Ultras... | Surgery | Pediatric Surgery |
b18afa5e-1de4-4ed6-b52e-50ecbf8abda9 | A 41 year old obese female patient comes with acute abdominal pain in the right hypogastrium. USG examination shows a stone in the common bile duct. Which is the treatment of choice for stone in CBD? | Observation | Chenodeoxycholic acid | Endoscopic sphincterotomy | Antibiotics | 2c | single | A gallstone in the common bile duct may impact distally in the ampulla of Vater. More than 80% of gallstones contain cholesterol as their major component. If surgical removal of common bile duct stones is not immediately feasible, endoscopic retrograde sphincterotomy can be used. In this procedure, the endoscopist cann... | Surgery | null |
5a645856-06e6-4f05-a2a5-14048352d217 | Muscles of tongue develop from? | Occipital myotome | Cervical myotome | Thoracic myotome | Pharyngeal arches | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) Occipital myotomeREF: Langman's Medical Embryology 11th edition pg. 150 table 10.2The number of somites is one of the criteria for determining age of the embryo. Somites further differentiate into these components:Sclerotome forms the cartilage and bone components of the vertebral column.Myotome forms epime... | Anatomy | Oral Cavity & Tongue |
b7b23bf4-f83f-49b0-9dc9-c15366e8c03f | Which carries more weight in a cou of law : | Dying declaration | Dying deposition | Both carry the same weight | Both are not significant | 1b | multi | B i.e. Dying deposition | Forensic Medicine | null |
7b768344-6c0b-451e-a630-6beefff3e2da | Which of the following is an intermideiate level disinfectant - | 2% glutarldyhyde | Ethylene oxide | Hypoclorite | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hypochlorite Categories of effective potencyo Sterilants are capable of completely eliminating or destroying in all forms of microbial life, including spores,o DisinfectantsDestroy some, but not necessarily all organisms. The category is further divided into subcategories:- i) High level disinfectants... | Microbiology | General |
7fad7d23-600a-4317-bec6-b810b5cec853 | Myasthenia gravis is most commonly associated with which of the following? | Thymoma | Thymic carcinoma | Thymic hyperplasia | Lymphoma | 2c | single | Myasthenia gravis Autoimmune disease with fluctuating muscle weakness that is caused by autoantibodies that target the neuromuscular junction. About 85% of patients have autoantibodies against post-synaptic ACh receptors, while most of the remaining patients have antibodies against the sarcolemmal protein muscle-specif... | Pathology | Auto Immune Disorders Introduction |
9f30c6f1-17fa-4355-b97b-454ed3a132a8 | High risk pregnancy includes all except: | Twins | 25 year old primi | Hydramnios | Previous LSCS | 1b | multi | High risk pregnancy is defined as one which is complicated by factor or factors that adversely affects the pregnancy outcome – maternal/perinatal or both.
The high risk cases are:
During pregnancy: | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1e9fb98a-b5b4-4e62-a195-9bcd192867f7 | All of the following disease show Mitochondrial diseases except | Leigh syndrome | Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy | Myoclonic epilepsy | Huntington's disease | 3d | multi | Huntington&;s disease (HD), also known as Huntington&;s chorea, is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells. The earliest symptoms are often subtle problems with mood or mental abilities. A general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait often follow. As the disease advances, uncoordinated, jerky bo... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
8d71d440-d1c5-4da8-b539-963e19b9f170 | About otic ganglion true statement (s) is/are | Lesser petrosal nerve forms parasympathetic root | Secomotor to parotid gland | Topographically connected to maxillary division of trigeminal nerve | Nerve to medial pterygoid connected to the ganglion | 0a | multi | The sensory root is by the auriculotemporal nerve Sympathetic root is by the sympathetic plexus around the middle meningeal aery Secretomotor root is by the lesser petrosal nerve from the tympanic plexus formed by tympanic branch of cranial nerve IX.Fibres of lesser petrosal nerve relay in the otic ganglion.Postganglio... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
c1cf0c57-9518-471c-96d8-44f3016fdc69 | Encephalitis is caused by : | HSV-I | EBV | Infectious mononucleosis | CMV | 0a | single | Infections caused by HSV-1
Acute gingivo-stomatitis
Herpes labialis
Kerato-conjuctivitis
Eczema herpeticum
Encephalitis
Dendritic keratitis
Ref : textbook of microbiology, C P Baveja, 5th edition , Pg no:444 | Microbiology | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.