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1c559380-2c85-4a10-af21-766ca41dcc15 | All of the following are seen in the Horner&;s syndrome, except | Drooping of upper eyelid | Enophthalmos | Dilated pupil | Loss of sweating of same side of face | 2c | multi | Ref: BD Chaurasia&;s HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition. Horner&;s syndrome is characterized by (a) Ptosis i.e. drooping of the upper eyelid); (b) miosis (i.e. constriction of the pupil); (c) anhydrosis (i.e. loss of sweating on that side of the face); (d) enophthalmos (i.e. retraction of the eyeball); (e) loss of th... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
abd8308c-1ff7-45fc-8eef-70dfd0c7dd55 | What is the cause of sudden death in a patient who recently underwent maxillary sinus irrigation? | Air embolism | Maxillary artery thrombosis | Septicemia | Meningitis | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) Air embolismREF: Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases: With Head and Neck Surgery By Walter Becker 3rd edition, http ://emedicine.medscape.com/article/862030-over vie wComplications of non-endoscopic drainage procedures can be minor or severe. The most common complication is failure to enter the sinus because of ... | ENT | Paranasal Sinuses |
d71db149-bada-4ab4-ba67-ad0bd262a48b | Which of the following is not true about resuscitation in burns patient? | Ringers lactate is the preferred crystalloid solution | Fluid shift from intravascular to extravascular compartment in the burns patient is maximum in the first 24 hrs | Quantity of crystalloid needed is calculated using the parkland formula - 6m/Kg body weight per % of the total body surface area burnt | Target mean arterial pressure in resuscitation is 60 mmHg | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Quantity of crystalloid needed is calculated using the parkland formula-6m/Kg body weight per % of the total body surface area burnt * Proper fluid management is critical to survival in a burn patient.* The hypovolemic shock in burn patient is special in the sense that the total body water remains unc... | Surgery | Burns |
3c7dbf53-ea02-4669-9461-592ef6ddb55f | A drug having narrow therapeutic range is | Lithium | Sertraline | Reboxetine | Dothiepin | 0a | single | Therapeutic range is bounded by the dose which produces a minimal therapeutic effect and the dose which produces a maximal acceptable adverse effect.
Example of the narrow therapeutic range are lithium, Phenytoin. | Pharmacology | null |
43ce74a3-479b-41e5-befa-1397c6cb4512 | Concentration of sodium in mOsm/l in low osmolar ORS is? | 45 | 75 | 90 | 60 | 1b | single | Concentration of sodium in low osmolar ORS is 75 mOsm/l Osmolarity reduced to avoid possible adverse effects of hypeonicity on net fluid absorption by reducing the concentration of glucose and sodium chloride in the solution . Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition pg 224 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
a692f27b-a58d-4add-bb56-37fcbf1548d1 | A patient with Pink color skin & mucosa , bitter almond smell from breath and frothy discharge. The cause of death is | H2S poisoning | CO poisoning | HCN poisoning | OPC poisoning | 2c | single | Characteristic of Cyanide poisoning : patient present with Tachypnoea followed by bradypnoea, Cyanosis is generally a late finding and usually does not occur until circulatory collapse and tachycardia are evident. Brick-red colour of skin and mucous membranes is said to be characteristic. The skin feels cold and clammy... | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology - 2 |
1caf2649-e9df-46db-9f8e-8e62bf15abbd | Aminoacyl t-RN A is required for all except : | Hydroxyproline | Methionine | Cystine | Lysine | 0a | multi | A i.e. Hydroxyproline | Biochemistry | null |
63a621d6-024b-4734-87a0-baaa469610bb | A 25 year old male collage student present to emergency after road traffic accident.patient is in state of shock and breath sounds are decreased on side of chest trauma (left side).normal heart sound ,no elevated JVP and dull note on percussion. diagnosis? | Tension pneumothorax | Cardiac tamponade | Massive Hemothorax | None | 2c | multi | Patient with chest trauma in shock without elevated JVP suggest massive Hemothorax. | Medicine | null |
dbe77d7d-5232-43c6-95d3-91645b8ccb12 | Which of the following prokinetic drugs produces extrapyramidal side effects? | Metoclopramide | Cisapride | Domperidone | All of the above | 0a | multi | (Ref: KDT 6/e p643, 644) Metoclopramide and domperidone act by blocking D2 receptors. Metoclopramide can cross BBB whereas domperidone cannot. Therefore, metoclopramide can produce extra-pyramidal adverse effects while domperidone is devoid of it. Cisapride acts as 5HT4 agonist. It can cause torsades de pointes. | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
f36ee235-74bf-4eac-bb48-5e38a9791654 | As compared to a routine case-control study, nested case-control study avoids problems (in study design) related to - | Temporal association | Confounding bias | Need for long follow up | Randomization | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
e9604d54-abc8-4ae3-a2bf-00a816c69ca7 | Drug not useful in hypeensive emergency is | IV Hydralizine | Indapamide | Sublingual nifedipine | Sodium nitroprusside | 1b | single | Refer kDT 6/e p554 Indapamide is thiazide like diuretics, having mild diuretic effect, not used in emergency situation Indapamide is a thiazide-like diuretic drug generally used in the treatment of hypeension, as well as decompensated hea failure. Combination preparations with perindopril | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
e6842e7e-5fb7-4225-a8ee-42389d341a20 | Feature of 3 degree burn: | Pain present | Transudation of fluid present | Whole dermis destroyed | Erythematous in appearance | 2c | single | Answer- C. Whole dermis destroyedThe whole of the dermis is destroyed of the burns.Clinically, they have a hard, leathery feel, The appearance can vary from that similar to the patient's normal skin to charred black depending upon the intensity of the heat. . There is no capillay return after, thrombosed vessels can be... | Surgery | null |
851d95bb-751d-4430-9c5a-2f9bb6645584 | Dowry death is covered under which section of IPC? | 304-A | 304-B | 176 | 302 | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) 304-BREF: Parikh 6th edition page 4.162, 8.2, 4.56Repeat from December 2010Repeat (***)304-B: Dowry death:Where the death of a woman is caused by any bums or bodily injury or occurs otherwise than under normal circumstances within seven years of her marriage and it is shown that soon before her death she wa... | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn |
ce6f5e08-1c24-4e3b-afe0-0a2205aba5c3 | What is this mode of treatment called as? | Russell's traction | 90-90 traction | Buck's traction | Gallows traction | 3d | multi | Ans. D. Gallows tractionThe figure shows the child put on Gallows traction that is used to treat a patient less than 2 years' old who lands up with a fracture of shaft of femur. | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around the Thigh & Knee |
cd4e2071-3b55-4104-989f-3394b7d691b0 | Flavoproteins are component of which complex of respiratory chain: | Complex I | Complex II | Both of the above | None of the above | 2c | multi | Flavoproteins are impoant components of Complexes I and II. The oxidized flavin nucleotide (FMN or FAD) can be reduced in reactions involving the transfer of two electrons (to form FMNH2 or FADH2), but they can also accept one electron to form the semiquinone. Ref: Harper 28th edition, chapter 13. | Biochemistry | null |
455f6d03-f83f-4117-92fd-514735c0c58a | Cause of Farmer's lung - | Cotton dust | Grain dust | Sugarcane dust | Iron | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Grain dust Farmer's lung is caused by Hay or grain dust | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
20776185-d5b8-40e4-88c1-5bd3dc265aa9 | Complement attaches to immunoglobulin at - | Aminoterminal | Fab region | Variable region | Fc fragment | 3d | single | Antigen is attached to Fab region Complement and ADCC(antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity) attachment are through Fc region. The constant region of the heavy chain has many biological functions. It is responsible for activation of the complement, binding to cell surface receptors, placental transfer, and many othe... | Microbiology | Immunology Pa 1 (Immune Response, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Hypersensitivity, Structure of Immune System, Immunodeficiency Disorders) |
7320942f-f3ef-4b06-9616-672d76c3016e | Chalazion of lid is: | Caseous necrosis | Chronic nonspecific inflammation | Chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation | Liposarcoma | 2c | single | Chronic lipogranulomatous inflammation | Ophthalmology | null |
c0821d72-5e27-4d28-97f0-6fa91813ef88 | Which of the following receptors mediate the release of ACTH by Vasopressin? | V1a | V2 | V3 | V4 | 2c | single | Vasopressin acts on V3 or V1b receptors to release ACTH. | Pharmacology | null |
b295fb04-908a-4906-82fa-3172a419c559 | Causes of Psedoahrosis is all of the following except - | Idiopathic | multiple compound Fractures | Osteomyelitis | Neurofibromatosis | 2c | multi | Pseudoahrosis is pseudo joints * it can be seen after a fracture - non union of a fracture may be painless if pseudojoint forms between fracture ends. *it can be idiopathic *can be seen in neurofibromatosis *congenital pseudoahrosis of tibia - rare condition , in 50-90% cases neurofibromatosis is present * in establish... | Orthopaedics | Pediatric orthopedics |
8e4d1aa5-eb83-4026-b73c-6683ea09530b | Prophylaxis for migraine | Sumitriptan | Amytriptiline | Nifidipine | Diazepam | 1b | single | K.D Tripathy essentials of medical pharmacology 7th edition . *Drugs for prophylaxis of migraine are beta blockers(propranalol ),TCA(amitriptyline ), calciumchannelblockers(flunarizine),anticonvulsants (valproate),5HT antagonist. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2234 | Medicine | C.N.S |
689f27bc-1e5e-47d4-b88d-d5abd8860a56 | Most common size of osteoma ? | Frontal sinus | Ethmoid sinus | Maxillary sinus | Aryepiglotic folds | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Aryepiglotic folds Inlet of larynx It is an oblique opening bounded : - Anteriorly : - Free margins of epiglottis On the sides : - Aryepigloftic folds Posteriorly : - Interarytenoid folds Vestibular folds (False vocal cords) Two folds of mucous membrane extending anteroposteriorly across the laryngeal... | ENT | null |
3332268d-d683-4245-93d9-45e855118cbb | 25 yr old male having fever & malaise since 2 weeks, ahritis of ankle joint and tender erytematous nodules over the shin. Diagnosis is: | Erythema nodosum | Hansen'sdisease | Weber- Christian disease | Nodular Vasculitis | 0a | single | A i.e. Erythema nodosum | Skin | null |
e6013c5e-1518-4d23-90b3-94fd5be1670d | Pancreatic Cancer is caused by: | Fasciola | Clonorchis | Paragonimus | None | 1b | multi | Clonorchis infection causes the bile duct and pancreatic cancer. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 15th Edition, Page 591, 1247 ; CMDT, 2002, Page 1504 | Microbiology | null |
53f122af-848a-42e7-a275-7c91010592c5 | Commonest complication of Trans-cervical fracture of femur is | Non union | Malunion | Avascular necrosis | All of the above | 2c | multi | C i.e. Avascular necrosis | Surgery | null |
1915083f-939a-45be-8657-be5f791f9ec0 | True statement about case fatality rate is - | It is ratio | It is a propotion | Numerator is always constant | Numerator and denominator are separate entities | 1b | multi | Ref: Parks 23rd edition pg 58 it is a propoion. It represents killing power of a disease. It is simply the ratio of deaths to cases. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
dcde993a-cec8-4c38-b86e-3954f1595339 | HbH is characterized by | Deletion of three alpha genes | Deletion of three alpha and one beta gene | Deletion of two alpha and two beta genes | Deletion of four alpha genes | 0a | single | Answer- A. Deletion of three alpha genesHbH disease- Deletion of three alpha genes (--/-alpha)- hemolytic anemia | Medicine | null |
63485541-8ba6-44ff-909c-c0d8843ce4b2 | Not a complication of gallstones | Mucocele | Diveiculosis | Acute cholangitis | Empyema of the gallbladder | 1b | multi | Effects and complications of Gallstones In Gallbladder In Bile duct In intestine Silent stones Acute cholecystitis Chronic cholecystitis Mucocele Empyema Perforation Gangrene Carcinom Obstructive jaundice Cholangitis Acute pancreatitis Gall stone ileus Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno : 1492-1493 | Anatomy | G.I.T |
bed78849-a1b1-4cec-a517-cbda2e0c24ee | A 22 year old woman is evaluated in the emergency for a 3 day h/o dark urine and abdominal distension. O/E: normal mental status, icterus present, hea and lungs normal, Hematocrit: 26, Reticulocytes: 5%, Platelets: 1.3 lakhs, Alk.Phos: 30 units/L, ALT: 110 units/L, AST: 220 units/L, Total bilirubin:13mg% (Direct:4 mg) ... | Acetaminophen intoxication | Acute viral hepatitis | Primary biliary cirrhosis | Wilson disease | 3d | single | Points in or of diagnosis of Wilson's disease- Low hematocrit of 26% and increased reticulocyte count: hemolysis of RBC due to excess intracellular copper. Unconjugated jaundice due to hemolysis and defective conjugation in liver due to hepatocyte damage. Mild elevation of enzymes unlike acute viral hepatitis where gro... | Medicine | Liver |
2fbf239b-0b27-4880-89ea-aadcfb7c8482 | Lid retraction is a side effect of wof anti- glaucoma drug | Latanoprost | Brimonidine | Brinzolamide | Pilocarpine | 1b | single | Brimonidine:- This clonidine congener is more a2 selective and more lipophilic than apraclonidine. mech of action:- It lowers i.o.t. by 20-27% by reducing aqueous production and by increasing uveoscleral flow. Peak effect on i.o.t. occurs after 2 hours. Side effects:- Allergic conjunctivitis, mydriasis, eyelid retracti... | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
65e1d43d-6041-4ecf-9187-9dcfe7668f24 | Green blue postmoem discoloration is seen in which poisoning - | Cyanide | Carbon monoxide | Phosphorous | Hydrogen sulphide | 3d | single | The colour of postmoem hypostasis in hydrogen sulphide poisoning is bluish green. It is an asphyxiant which inhibits cytochrome oxidase. Dr.Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 27th edition pg. 76,313. | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
3d9428d6-baae-416c-93f6-f8e06ba155fa | Pudendal nerve supplying motor pa to external sphincter is derived from : | L5-S1 roots | 51-S2 roots | L2-L3 roots | S2-S3 rootsPHYSIOLOGY | 3d | single | S2-S3 roots There are two sphincters of the urethraa. Internal urethral sphincter (also k/a sphincter vesicae)- it is involuntary in nature- made up of smooth muscle- supplied by sympathetic nerves, from lower thoracic & upper lumbar segments of spinal cordb. External urethral sphincter (also k/a sphincter vesicae)- it... | Anatomy | null |
2e68a778-d1ca-4b97-95d4-3eff0a883076 | A male 45 year old presents to the clinic for routine checkup. He is a known case of hypertension and is under treatment. The clinician advises him to have a balanced diet involving which of the following fatty acids? | ω3 fatty acids | ω6 fatty acids | ω9 fatty acids | Fatty acids need not be taken at all | 0a | multi | Long chain ω3 fatty acids such as alpha-linolenic (ALA) (found in plant oils), eicosapentaenoic (EPA) (found in fish oil) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) (found in fish and algal oils) have anti-inflammatory effects, perhaps due to their effects in promoting the synthesis of less inflammatory prostaglandins and leukotrienes... | Biochemistry | null |
04b78d01-d21c-41cb-8421-a0eea77a1f29 | All the following are long-acting reversible contraceptives except | OC pills | Injectable progestins | Implants | Intrauterine devices | 0a | multi | Long-Acting Reversible ContraceptivesSeveral contraceptive methods are as effective as sterilization but are completely reversible. All have the impoant advantage of being "forgettable," that is, little is required of the user after the method is begun, very much in contrast to methods like the condom that must be used... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraception |
b216589b-1eef-485b-8bb9-b5570e3945b4 | All of the following statements about Menetrier's disease are true Except: | It is a premalignant condition | Usually increased acid secretion | May be confused with Zollinger Ellison Syndrome | Associated with Protein losing enteropathy | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Usually increased acid secretion) Gastric acid secretion is usually reduced or absent because of replacement ofparictal cells' Harrison's Menetrier's disease carries an increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma of stomach (premalignant) is associated with a protein losing enteropathy and may be confused ... | Medicine | null |
d6e430b8-6eb9-4470-8c3f-d637fdbdf125 | Fleischer ring is due to | Iron deposition | Copper deposition | Aluminum deposition | Molybdenum Deposition | 0a | single | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 194)Some confusion exists between Fleisher rings and Kayser-Fleischer (KF) ring. Kayser-Fleischer (KF) rings are caused by copper deposits and are indicative of Wilson's disease, whereas Fleischer rings are caused by iron deposits and are indicative of... | Ophthalmology | Cornea and sclera |
fc884ed1-638f-46cf-ad25-8a5647e999a3 | Investigation of choice for detection and characterization of interstitial lung disease is: | MRI | Chest X-ray | High resolution CT scan | Ventilation perfusion scan | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' ie high Resolution CT Scan (Ref: CT and MR imaging of whole body, Haaga, 4/e, p838; Sutton, 7/e, p33)HRCT is the investigation of choice for interstitial lung disease.HRCT can even delineate the lung parenchyma down to the level of the secondary pulmonary lobule.Also Remember * Principles of HRCT*Thin secti... | Radiology | Imaging of Interstitial Lung Disease |
ace5bbec-f996-4bf9-9964-79cc6560709b | SLE mitral and tricuspid valve vegetations are? | Salmon patch | Libmann sach's disease | Janeway lesions | Oslers nodes | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Libmann sach's disease Endocarditis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Libman-Sach's Disease)Mitral and tricuspid valvulitis with small, sterile vegetations, called Libman-Sach's endocarditis, is occasionally encountered in systemic lupus erythematosus.Due to the use of steriods, the incidence of this c... | Pathology | null |
eb9df620-ee30-4b6b-9b5a-b4f007916efb | Sympathetic system has adrenergic nerve endings at all sites except- | Heart | Blood vessels in skeletal muscles | Eye | None | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Blood vessels in skeletal muscles * Sympathetic adrenergic fibers are those which secrete endogenous catecholamines {either adrenaline, norepinephrine / nor-adrenaline or dopamine}* Some sympathetic fibers do not secrete catecholamines but secrete acetylcholine -i) Sweat glandsii) Blood vessels in ske... | Physiology | Nervous System |
793c0eba-4498-4e5b-985b-f07cf38e736f | Low calcium level will cause: | Hyper excitability of wrist muscle | Weak heart action | Tetany | All of the above | 3d | multi | null | Physiology | null |
2e43c736-7cf0-4f62-ae48-192398ab22f3 | Which of the following is the lateral curve position of the body in strychnine poisoning? | Emprostotonus | Opisthotonus | Pleurosthotonus | All of the above | 2c | multi | In strychnine poisoning, Convulsions are most marked in antigravity muscles resulting in hyperextension (opisthotonus). Sometimes, the spasm of the abdominal musclesmay bend the body forward (emprosthotonus) or sideways (pleurosthotonus). Ref: Krishnan vij ; 5th ed; Page no: 522 | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
d71146b4-071c-42b4-80c9-4258e0debcd5 | In a patient PO2 is 85 mmHg, PCO2 -- 50mmHg, pH is 7.2 and HCO3 is 32 meq/1 is suffering from : | Respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic alkalosis | Respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic acidosis | Metabolic acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis | 0a | single | Answer is A (Respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic alkalosis) Because primary respiratory component is causing acidosis and metabolic component is compensatory by producing alkaosis, the acid base disorder is Respiratory acidosis with compensatory metabolic alkalosis. STEP 1 : What is the pH. Normal pH pH of... | Medicine | null |
78070997-83cc-49a4-9080-9910ad43daaf | Infant orthopedics in a cleft patient is done at the age of: | 1 - 2 weeks | 3 - 6 weeks | 9 - 12 weeks | 12 - 15 weeks | 1b | single | In patients with a bilateral cleft, the premaxillary segment is often displaced anteriorly while the posterior maxillary segments are lingually collapsed behind it. If this distortion is severe, surgical closure of lip, will become extremely difficult. So orthodontic intervention to reposition the segments and to bring... | Dental | null |
8377c0d6-560e-4db3-bd23-c4a18ece1873 | PUFA consumption is associated with- | Lowering of serum cholesterol, rise in LDL cholesterol | Lowering of serum cholesterol, lowering of LDL cholesterol | Rise in serum cholesterol, rise in LDL cholesterol | Rise in serum cholesterol, lowering of LDI, cholesterol | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lowering of serum cholesterol, lowering of LDL cholesterol "Diet rich in polyunsaturated essential fatty acids have been repoed to reduce the serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein". | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
485269be-72f3-472a-af47-d3a07a0fe6f7 | During incision & drainage of ischiorectal abscess, which nerve is/are affected/injured: | Superior rectal nerve | Inferior rectal nerve | Superior gluteal nerve | Inferior gluteal nerve | 1b | single | B i.e. Inferior rectal nerveThrough a posterior horse shoe shaped recess both ischiorectal fossae are connected behind the anal canal; so a unilateral abscess may become bilateral.During dissection of ischio rectal fossa, inferior rectal, pudendal, posterior scrotal or labial nerve & vessels along with perforating bran... | Anatomy | null |
9b223aca-a8d4-4537-b4e8-0e4fa9762227 | Long acting insulin is: | Lente | Semilente | Ultralente | Lispro insulin | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
0edbda7f-5fbe-4784-977d-87cf1895a6fb | Best surgical approach in accessing retrosternal goiter is: | Cervical | Sternal | Intercostal | VATS | 0a | single | Ans. (a) CervicalRef: Bailey and Love 27th Edition, Page 811Mediastinal goiter can be divided into* Primary - Only <1% of mediastinal goiters, arising from ectopic thyroid tissue in mediastinum with blood supply from mediastinal vessels.* Secondary - Majority of mediastinal goiters due to extension of thyroid from neck... | Surgery | Thyroid Gland |
86de3105-4bf7-45ed-bdac-d332d59d9b4c | Common fungus causing corneal ulcer is | Aspergillus | Mucor | Fusarium | Sprothrix | 0a | single | Aspergillus causes respiratory diseases, disseminated aspergillosis in brain, kidney and hea, and superficial infection like sinusitis, otomycosis and mycotic keratitis. Sporothrix causes sporotrichosis - nodular ulcerative disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Mucor causes pulmonary and gastrointestinal mucormy... | Microbiology | mycology |
58d7a603-4092-4a36-88b0-80c08055aa4d | A 17 year old girl had been taking a drug for treatment of acne for the last 2 years, which has lead to pigmentation. Which drug could it be? | Doxycycline | Minocycline | Azithromycin | Chlorpromazine | 1b | single | Minocycline is most commonly used for acne among tetracyclines The main effect of Minocycline- Hypersensitivity, Skin rashes, uicaria, glossitis, pruritus ani Complete cross-sensitization is exhibited by different tetracyclines. tetracyclines also cause Superinfection -They cause marked suppression of the resident flor... | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
07948005-5fa3-447d-bf4f-6b1347fd43d0 | 8.Mikulicz cell and russel bodies are characteristic of: | Rhinoscleroma | Rhinosporidiosis | Plasma cell disorder | Lethal midline granuloma | 0a | single | Rhinoscleroma: chronic granulomatous disease caused by gram negative bacteria klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. Mikulicz or foam cells and russell bodies found in plasma cells. Ref.Dhingra 6/e p 156 | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
1c9f7e3b-8ace-425d-94bf-f7cf15f01309 | Left gastric vein drains into: | Inferior vena cava | Poal vein | Directly into splenic vein | Splenic vein through sho gastric vein | 1b | single | B i.e. Poal vein-Left and right gastric veins drain directly into the poal veinQ.- Poal vein is formed by union of superior mesenteric & splenic veins behind the neck of pancreasQ at the level of L2 veebrae and runsupwards with bile duct & hepatic aery (related anteriorly)(2 and inferior i'ena cava (related posteriorly... | Anatomy | null |
13893789-1dd0-4bf9-b638-ee2d17754aed | A 35-year-old patient on USG shows 3 x 4 cm clear ovarian cyst on right side. Next line of management is; | Laparoscopy | OC pUls | Wait and watch | Ca-125 estimation | 2c | single | A simple unilocular cyst measuring less than 5 cm can be observed with repeat ultrasound and CA-125 every 3 months.Many resolve in 6 months.A persistant cyst calls for its removal laparoscopically or by laparotomy.Aspiration of the cyst is contraindicated because of low yield of malignant cells and possibility of sprea... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
c1410003-3cef-4fc0-8057-6f7c2965d22c | 'Slapped cheeks' appearance is seen in: | Roseloa infantum | Erythema subitum | Erythema infectiosum | Erythema multiforme | 2c | single | C i.e. Erythema infectiosum | Skin | null |
6e73b5bb-4523-401e-92ef-216036bc9334 | Homocystein is not associated with ? | Coronary aery disease | Fracture | Hearing loss | Neuropsychiatric manifestations | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hearing lossElevated level of homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia) is associated with -Thrombosis, coronary aery disease & stroke. Osteoporosis & fracture.Neuropsychiatric manifestations. Developmental delay.Visual disturbances. | Biochemistry | null |
e6479a98-6f84-4e4e-81c4-9852d5a81e43 | Most common type of Bening overian tumour during pregnancy is : | Simple serous cystoid | Mucinous cystoid | Teratoma | Papillary cystadenoma | 0a | single | Simple serous cystoid | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
983ca8a4-eaf6-4c80-a4cc-b58d1e8a1de3 | All of the following are features of musculocutaneous nerve injury at axilla except: | Loss of flexion of shoulder | Loss of flexion at elbow | Loss of supination of forearm | Loss of sensation on radial side of forearm | 0a | multi | MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE INJURY Musculocutaneous nerve supplies coracobrachialis, the biceps brachii and the brachialis, Continued into the forearm as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. Injury-loss of flexion of elbow, supination of forearm sensory loss on lateral aspect of forearm. Damaged in shoulder dislocati... | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injury |
7b64d838-2c0f-4a0c-bf41-a17660f44872 | Decreased vascularity of fibroid is seen with | GnRH agonist | Danazol | Mifepristone | Clomiphene citrate | 0a | single | GnRH analogues used for 6months reduce the size by 50-80%. It is also useful in reducing the vascularity besides size preoperatively and thus causing amenorrhoea which restores hb level. Ref:shaw's textbook of gynaecology;15th edition; Pg :359 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Uterine fibroid |
7f4bf372-b80d-4b46-899f-5e4994d3e71b | Treatment of osteoporosis includes - | Conjugated equines estrogen | Estradiol valerate | Raloxifene | Biphosphonate | 0a | single | General 1.Bedrest 2.Local heat 3.Analgesics 4.Exercise: Regular walking or other weight bearing exercise for 1 hour 3 times a week protects bone mass 5.Prevention of injury (most hip and wrist fractures are caused by falls). 6.Excessive thyroid hormone replacement therapy should be avoided. B.Antiresorptive agents 1.Oe... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
804cd6c6-5995-4ed4-9f49-c0e1565001c2 | Lymphatics of suprarenal gland drain into which lymph nodes | Internal iliac | Para-aoic | Superficial inguinal | Coeliac | 1b | single | Venous drainage flows directly into the inferior vena cava on the right side and into the left renal vein on the left side. Lymphatics drain medially to the aoic nodes. Each adrenal gland is composed of two distinct pas: the adrenal coex and the adrenal medulla. The coex is divided into three zones. Ref - BDC 6e vol2 p... | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
1c54bb92-91e3-4550-9028-535454a1cc68 | Which type of gout is seen in a patient who is on treatment of CML? | Secondary gout | Pseudogout | Acute gout | Primary gout | 0a | single | Secondary gout is related to medications or conditions that cause hyperuricemia, such as the Myeloproliferative diseases or their treatment. Causes of secondary gout: Lymphoproliferative/myeloproliferative disorders Chronic hemolytic anemias Secondary polycythemia Severe exfoliative psoriasis Gaucher's disease Cytotoxi... | Anatomy | FMGE 2019 |
6b6cccca-623a-4172-a35e-83d5a298eeb6 | All of the following is true except aEUR' | NADPH oxidase acts superoxide ions | Chediak-Higashi syndrome is due to defective phagolysosome | In Brutons agammaglobulinemia opsonisation is not affected | Myeloperodixase action is mainly due to OCIaEUR' | 2c | multi | In Brutons aganunaglobulinemia opsonisation is not affected [Ref : Harrison 171h/e p. 381; Bobbin's 7"Ve p. 60, 61, 62, 210, 591 During phagocytosis there is rapid respiratory burst which is brought about by rapid burst in the activity of NADPH oxidase. Increased NADPH oxidase activity leads to increased oxidative proe... | Pathology | null |
089ca4d0-f249-4734-96ec-652d20d39ef8 | Etomidate is not used for long term infusion because? | Results in adrenal suppression | May cause vasospasm | Results in cardiac arrhythmias | May cause increase in ICT | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Results in adrenal suppression * Etomidate suppresses corticosteroid synthesis in the adrenal cortex by reversibly inhibiting 11 b-hydroxylase, which coverts 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol and by a relative minor effect on 17a - hydroxylase.* There is decreased synthesis of adrenal corticoids with incre... | Anaesthesia | Complications Of Anaesthesia |
6d8b2c66-6fe7-4680-a09d-f1893b8d8c34 | Transovarian transmission of infection occurs in – a) Fleasb) Ticksc) Mosquitoesd) Sandfly | a | c | ac | bc | 3d | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
d41a207b-a226-4a5f-a6e4-972a5d5a9698 | All cause malabsorption except: | Giardiasis | Ascaris lumbricoides | Strongyloides | Capillaria phillipinesis | 1b | multi | Ascaris lumbricoides | Microbiology | null |
ab0d86f1-d204-450a-a575-4e04e8cadd3a | In twin pregnancy, treatment of choice when first baby is in transverse lie is : | Home delivery | Cesarean section | High forceps | Low forceps after external rotation | 1b | single | Cesarean section | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8ed42b51-771a-4308-897e-d1ff1ab594f7 | Fibroblast proliferation is stimulated by? | TGF-β | IFN-γ | TNF-α | IL-10 | 0a | single | “TFG-β is practically always involved as an important fibrogenic agent” - Robbins
• The most important fibrogenic mediator (causing fibrosis) is transforming growth factor- β. It induces the proliferation of fibroblasts, endothelial cells and specialized fibrogenic cells. It is chemotactic for fibroblasts, neutrophils,... | Pathology | null |
0de041cf-97f7-4e3c-8837-e13ee37c4bd2 | One of the following features can be used to define contracted pelvis: | Transverse diameter of inlet is 10 cm | AP diameter of inlet is 12 cm | Platypelloid pelvis | Gynaecoid pelvis | 0a | single | Minimal/Critical diameters of the Pelvis: If any of the following diameter is less than critical diameter, Pelvis is said to be contracted | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
97b2b716-3926-45d5-99d8-a8e4cbe0f9d1 | Which of the following statements about cysticercosis is true? | The causative agent is Echinococcus granulosus | The definitive host is man | Human cysticercosis is transmitted by the ingestion of ova | Levamisole is the treatment of choice | 2c | multi | Human cysticercosis is acquired by ingesting T. solium tapeworm ova, from either contaminated fingers or food . The larvae are liberated from eggs in the stomach, penetrate the intestinal mucosa and are carried to many pas of the body, where they develop and form cysticerci, 0.5-1 cm cysts that contain the head of a yo... | Medicine | Infection |
211f0245-cf52-4913-8117-5ba3af588bc9 | A 9-year-old male comes in for a routine physical examination. The pediatrician notices that the right testis is enlarged and without tenderness. The examination reveals following finding: This fluid most likely occupies which space? | D | A | B | C | 3d | single | The image shows the classical finding of transillumination seen in hydrocoele. A- Epididymis B- Cremasteric layer C- Tunica vaginalis D- External spermatic fascia This patient most likely has a hydrocele, which is a fluid collection in the tunica vaginalis. This is a congenital condition formed when the testis descends... | Unknown | Integrated QBank |
554cdf09-5e8c-4f45-a1cb-1b7913ff8376 | All are true about Neisseria gonorrhoeae except ? | Gram positive cocci | Cause stricture of urethra | Involves seminal vesicles and spreads to epididymis | Drug of choice is ceftriaxone | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Gram positive cocci Gonocci are gram negative diplococci. Urethral stricture may occur as a complication of gonococcal urethritis. Gonococci may extend to seminal vesicle and epididymis, along the urethra. For uncomplicated gonorrhea, single dose of ceftriaxone is DOC. | Microbiology | null |
c6445719-5cd7-4136-b658-27bb32fcf7f3 | A 27 years old male unable to perform Sexual activity is:- | Disease | Impairment | Disability | Handicap | 2c | single | Spectrum of Disease: Disease - Any abnormal condition of an organism that Impairs function of a person. Impairment - Loss of anatomical / physio/ psycho function. Disability - Unable to carry out ceain activities considered normal for his age,sex etc. Handicap - Unable to perform social role. | Social & Preventive Medicine | Other Key Definitions & Concepts |
3d156181-a516-430e-a8b2-d2d8fe565b1c | Jame Lind is related to the discovery of | Prevention of scurvy | Etiology of scurvy | Pathogenesis of scurvy | Diagnosis of scurvy | 0a | single | James Lind was a pioneer of naval hygiene in the Royal Navy. By conducting the first ever clinical trial, he developed the theory that citrus fruits cured scurvy. He argued for the health benefits of better ventilation aboard naval ships, the improved cleanliness of sailors&; bodies, clothing and bedding, and below-dec... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of health and disease |
0162fdf3-b7a4-4a23-87a6-121a84c48fd5 | Manifestations of vitamin C deficiency are | Pseudoparalysis | Sabre tibia | Epistaxis | Craniotabes | 0a | single | In Vitamin C deficiency, bones are tender and the infant is reluctant to move his limbs, which are kept in a frog-like position. This may be mistaken for paralysis. Page 127, Ghai essential pediatrics; 6th edition | Pediatrics | Nutrition |
f4dee825-2659-4583-9df8-91630accd927 | 20% loss of blood is supplemented by | Colloids & Crystalloids | Cryoprecipitate | Plasma | Packed calls | 0a | multi | (A) Colloids & Crystalloids > Ideally, blood loss should be replaced with crystalloid or colloid solutions to maintain intravascular volume (normovolemia) until the danger of anemia outweighs the risks of transfusion. At that point, further blood loss is replaced with transfusions of red blood cells to maintain hemoglo... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
c2a18062-813e-44ee-87d9-c28821d55bd2 | Discoloration after death is first seen in? | Dependent parts | Scalp | Face | Arms | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dependent parts o It is seen on dependent parts of the body, therefore site depends upon position of body after death:1) In supine: On posterior dependent portion of body. But not seen on back of shoulder blades, buttocks and back of calves due to contact flattening, i.e. toneless capillaries are comp... | Forensic Medicine | Identification of Dead and Mass Disaster |
26c7f51f-3710-40a8-96cb-528d3c03b020 | Titration of the dose of a drug with the response can be done with which of the following routes of Administration | Sublingual | Transdermal | Inhalation | Subcutaneous | 2c | single | Ref-KDT 6/e p9 Inhalation anaesthetic agents like hello than are used in the clinical practice by titration of dose with response | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects |
e22aeb7a-d244-474d-8827-3939d2030ab6 | Amount of ORS given in 4 KG children with diarrhea : | 200 ml | 300 ml | 400 ml | 800 ml | 0a | single | The family should be provide with at least two days worth of ORS packets.
WHO recommends, in addition to infants continued to be breastfed, that children older than six months be given some food before being sent home, which helps to emphasize to parents the importance of continuing to feed the child during diarrhea.
B... | Unknown | null |
29c30dae-7f20-481b-92e2-75bb64c9bdfd | Inner ear is present in which bone - | Parietal bone | Petrous part of temporal bone | Occipital bone | Petrous part of squamous bone | 1b | single | Inner ear lies within the petrous part of temporal bone.
Ref. Turner 10/e, p 228; BDC 4/e, Vol. III p 264 | ENT | null |
63a9bd06-5413-4860-885c-2eb5db403df5 | Testmentary capacity refers to - | Ability to make a valid will | Criminal liability | Right to vote | Ability to give evidence | 0a | single | Ref:The essential of forensic medicine and toxicology Dr.K.S NARAYAN REDDY 32nd edition pg no 468 Testamentary capacity is a mental ability of a person to make a will . Will denotes any testamentary document ( S.31, IPC ) .the requirments for a valid wills are as follows a written and propersly signed and witnessed doc... | Forensic Medicine | Special topics |
71720670-52bc-40eb-a59a-e4c54e7fb37c | Ludwig's angina is - | Unstable angina | Prizmetal's angina | Infection of submandibular space | Infection of retropharyngeal space | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Infection of submandibular space o Caldwell-Luc operation is a process of opening the maxillary antrum through canine fossa by sublabial approach and dealing with the pathology inside the antrum.o In this surgery, antrum is reached through a incision in gingivolabial sulcus (from lateral incisor to 2n... | ENT | Head & Neck Infections |
152c4e58-2747-4b8a-9868-2b28a0904d2e | Epispadias is associates with: | Bifid pubic symphysis | Chordee | Anal atresia | Intestial obstruction | 1b | single | Epispadias is a rare type of malformation of the penis in which the urethra ends in an opening on the upper aspect (the dorsum) of the penis. Ref: CDST, 12th Edition, Page 631; Urology by Macfarlane, 4th Edition, Page 252; Bailey and Love's Sho Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition, Page 1363; Visual Handbook of Pediatrics... | Surgery | null |
afd204cd-959e-43c7-94fd-d2c26f9b74a1 | Nicoladini's Branham sign is seen in | Aortic dissection | Buerger's disease | Aneurysm | AV - Fistula | 3d | single | Nicoladini's Branham sign is seen in arteriovenous fistula, wherein compression proximal to AV - fistula results in bradycardia. | Surgery | null |
96273169-1b6c-4fc6-950a-4922adc2fc85 | Drug remaining in the body after 3 half lives is: | 12.50% | 75% | 87.50% | 94% | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
251ddabd-685a-4090-a471-4977be2c25c1 | Which of the following is positive in Follicular lymphoma | Bcl 2 | Bcl 6 | Bcl 1 | None of the above | 0a | multi | * Burkitt lymphoma and Follicular lymphoma arises from Germinal center B cell * Mantle cell lymphoma arises from Naive B cell * Hairy cell leukemia and extranodal marginal zone lymphoma arises from Memory B cell Translocation In :- * Burkitt lymphoma t (8:14) * Follicular lymphoma t (14:18) * Mantle zone lymphoma t(11:... | Pathology | Haematology |
5f5ea52d-dbce-4a0f-9264-a5e017710917 | The most common etiological agent for acute bronchiolitis in infancy is: | Influenza virus | Para influenza virus | Rhinovirus | Respiratory syncytial virus | 3d | single | Acute bronchiolitis is a serious acute lower respiratory infection in infants affecting children between 1 and 6 months of age. It is most commonly caused by Respiratory syncytial virus. Other causative organisms includes Parainfluenza virus 3, 1 and 2, adenovirus, influenza virus and rarely Mycoplasma pneumonia. Ref: ... | Pediatrics | null |
cc5eba50-ad47-4a99-a074-9f0f20112a53 | Not a pa of bony labyrinth | Cochlea | Vestibule | Utricle | Semicircular canal | 2c | single | BONY LABYRINTH:The bony labyrinth consists of three pas(a)Cochlea anteriorly (b)Vestibule,in the middle (c)Semicircular canals posteriorly REF.,BDC VOL.3 | Anatomy | Head and neck |
081c1e01-06c5-4fa4-bcc7-90663eca2aa0 | Which of the follow ing is a zoonotic disease - | Hydatid cyst | Malaria | Filariasis | Dengue fever | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hydatid cyst important zoonoses1. Bacterial - Anthrax, Brucellosis, Omithoses, Q-fever, Leptospirosis, TB, Plague, Tularemia, Salmonellosis.2 Viral - Cowpox, Monkeypox, Eastemequine, encephalitis, Ross river fever, Yellowr fever, Japanese encephalitis, Lassa fever. Rabies.Protozoal - Leishmaniasis, To... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases |
65fa7669-e10d-4d84-9890-3672b6c7c0e6 | Coracoid process is | Pressure epiphysis | Traction epiphysis | Aberrant epiphysis | Atavistic epiphysis | 3d | single | Coracoid process is directed forwards and slightly laterally. It is bent finger like. It is atavistic type of epiphysis. B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no : 9 | Anatomy | Upper limb |
3575e0bd-c8ec-4757-94b8-287f4649693f | "Egg shell" calcification in hilar nodes suggest | Asbestosis | Silicosis | Berylliosis | Baritosis | 1b | single | Silicosis | Radiology | null |
2638d190-43f5-4647-9a4b-277ddb60c612 | Howel-Jolly bodies may be seen after - | Hepatectomy | Splenectomy | Pancreatectomy | Cholecystectomy | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Splenectomy Chronic Manifestations of splenectomy include :Marked variation in size and shape of erythrocytes - anisocytosis / poikilocytesHowell - Jolly bodies : nuclear remnantsHeinz bodies : denatured haemoglobingBasophillic stipplingOccasional nucleated erythrocyte in peripheral bloodHowell-Jolly ... | Pathology | Hemolytic anemia |
6097ef06-6fe1-4ef1-a729-d46d0da8b622 | Mammary gland is which type of gland : | Apocrine | Mesocrine | Endocrine | Exocrine | 0a | single | Apocrine glands pinches off the Apex of the cell. Ref: IB Singh textbook of histology 6e pg 54. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
d68f0240-b5b7-4d67-bba2-2aabee4ec630 | Nerve most commonly injured in the dislocation shown below is: | Axillary nerve | Ulnar nerve | Median nerve | Radial nerve | 0a | single | Ans. A. Axillary nerve* The attitude here is one of Inferior dislocation of shoulder- Limb is abducted, by the side, forearm reaching forehead (Salute position) and most common nerve injured in shoulder dislocation is Axillary nerve.* The diagnosis is made clinically by absence of sensations on lateral aspect of forear... | Orthopaedics | Peripheral Nerve Injuries |
6a403c9f-b928-4724-8995-4ad3d0afe640 | What is the fastest, safest and most effective to sterilize a metal impression tray with a solder that melts at a temperature above 175°C? | Filtration | Autoclaving | Dry heat sterilization | Soakig in 2% glutaraldehyde | 1b | multi | null | Surgery | null |
e5b95952-0d3d-48c4-8640-55e861cc21f6 | Which of the following is an example of a bone that is independent phylogenetically but is now fused with another bone? | Trocanter of femur | Tubercle of humerus | Coracoid process of scapula | Anterior tubercle of talus | 2c | multi | Ativastic epiphysis is a phylogenetically independent bone which gets attached to the host bone secondarily to recieve nutrition. Eg are coracoid process of scapula, posterior tubercle of talus or trigonum. Classification of epiphysis : Pressure epiphysis : head of femur and humerus. Traction epiphysis : trochanter of ... | Anatomy | null |
47db36b5-ce78-4f11-b404-3412e98698b2 | Sistrunk's operation is done for? | Parotid fistula | Thyroglossal fistula | Thyroglossal abscess | Branchial fistula | 1b | single | Ans. b (Thyroglossal fistula) (Ref. Bailey and Love 26th/pg. 702) THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYSTS Embryology # The thyroid gland descends early in fetal life from the base of the tongue towards its position in the lower neck with the isthmus lying over the second and third tracheal rings. # At the time of its descent, the hyoi... | Unknown | null |
d594ede4-5571-4681-910a-b8f6300a1f66 | Which direct retainer is indicated in the case of an isolated, mesially inclined molar? | 1/2 and 1/2 clasp | Ring clasp | Bar clasp | C-clasp | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
e7d7ea18-823a-4e05-89cc-129882954d09 | With each quiet inspired breath, the fraction of alveolar air getting replaced would be: | 1/2 (half) | 1/3rd | 1/7th | 1/10th | 2c | single | At the end of a quiet expiration, the volume of air remaining in the lung is functional residual capacity (FRC). The volume of FRC = 2300 mL. This is the existing alveolar air. With next quiet breath, about 500 mL (TV) is inspired. Of this, 150 mL stays in the dead space and 350 mL air will reach alveoli. This 350 mL a... | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 1 |
51c6c637-ec34-45c3-b6fd-3db93078f0f0 | All of the following preparations of insulin are rapid and sho-acting EXCEPT: | Lispro | Aspa | Glargine | NPH | 2c | multi | Insulin glargine is a long-acting biosynthetic insulin. The onset of action is delayed. It acts for around 24hrs and action stas after 1- 1 30hr ultrasho acting are used for emergency purposes like diabetic ketoacidosis. glargine is not useful in this case (REF. Essential of medical pharmacology K D TRIPATHI 6 Edition,... | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
5c3dc44e-fdce-4a6f-876e-a8eb995eb145 | which of the following drug is used in ECT | atropine | labetalol | clonazepam | cefixime | 0a | single | HISTORY * Medunna ====IM injection of camphor to induce seizures * Ugo cerletti and lucio bini==== ECT in a catatonic patient INDICATIONS * DEPRESSION SUICIDAL IDEAS-------------- first choice * CATATONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA * SCHIZOPHRENIA * MANIA * ELECTRODE PLACEMENT * Most commonly used=== bi fronto temporal * More cogni... | Anatomy | Treatment in psychiatry |
8c495548-030c-473c-9d11-365e20c449ad | Which is not a germ cell tumour | Dysgerminoma | Teratoma | Granulosa theca cell tumour | Embryonal cell carcinoma | 2c | single | Epithelial Ovarian Tumour Histologic typeSerousMucinousEndometroidClear cell" mesonephroid BrennerMixed epithelial Undifferentiated UnclassifiedCellular type Endosal pineal Endocervical Endometrial Mullerian TransitionalMixedAnaplastic Mesothelioma etc. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
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