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4958b62d-09fc-4404-9a6b-d96997dcc326 | Burst abdomen most commonly occurs on the | 2nd day | 3rd day | 7th day | 9th day | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 7"' day | Surgery | null |
642e0c1b-1222-4be6-94ad-b37b81c3ec69 | The following hand deformity is seen in? | Ulnar nerve injury | Median nerve injury | Klumpke's paralysis | All of the above | 3d | multi | This is a case of complete claw hand (clawing of all fingers). It is seen in:1. Median plus ulnar nerve injury2. Klumpke's palsy as it involves root value of ulnar nerve & medial root of median nerve- T1 & C8. | Anatomy | null |
98d12a39-9c30-4486-81ae-e9fafcc0acaa | Parasympathetic postganglionic fibres are carried by the | Long ciliary nerves | Greater petrosal nerves | Auriculotemporal nerve | Deep petrosal nerve | 2c | single | Long ciliary nerves are mixed sensory and sympathetic. Greater petrosal nerves carries preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve to the pterygopalatine ganglion. The deep petrosal nerve carries mainly sympathetic fibres from the superior cervical ganglion and internal carotid plexus. | Anatomy | null |
299ca604-9319-4649-aa0d-9b1bb072757a | According to European laryngeal Society classification, subligamental endoscopic cordectomy is which of the following types? | Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | 1b | single | Classification of endoscopic cordectomy: Type I : Subepithelial cordectomy Type II : Subligamental cordectomy Type III: Transmural cordectomy Type IV: Total cordectomy Type V : Extended cordectomy Type VI : Anterior commisurectomy with bilateral anterior cordectomy | ENT | null |
89f9f82e-991e-450a-82ac-5d268f11d1cd | Root value of tendocalcaneus reflex? | L1,L2 | L3, L4 | S1, S2 | S3, S4 | 2c | single | ANSWER: (C) S1, S2REF: Harrison's 18th ed ch: 367Repeat (**)Root value of some important deep tendon reflex: (Major contribution m bold;Jaw jerkBoth the sensory and motor aspects of this reflex are through CN V (Trigeminal nerve)Biceps(C5, C6),Brachioradialis(C5, C6)Triceps(C7, C8)Patellar or quadriceps: knee jerk(L3, ... | Anatomy | Nerves of Lower Extremity |
ca62709a-4e22-4800-b58c-2aa256643fc2 | Restrinction Endonucleas function --> true about: | Cut both the strands of ds DNA | The cut ends produced are sticky | The cut ends produced are blunt | All | 3d | multi | A i.e. Cut both strands of ds DNA; B i.e. Cut ends produced are sticky; C i.e. Cut end produced are blunt | Medicine | null |
0917ec14-fedf-4c6d-b0f7-ac347ee4ce7e | Substitution of which one of the following amino acids in place of alanine would increase the absorbance of proteins at 280 mm: | Leucine | Arginine | Tryptophan | Protein | 2c | single | The only amino acids that may absorb light are Aromatic amino acids i.e. Tryptophan, Tyrosine, Phenylalanine & Histidine- Most a.a do not absorb visible light & are thus colourless- Aromatic aminoacids absorb ultraviolet light (250- 290 nm).- Tryptophan makes major contribution to ability of most proteins to absorb lig... | Biochemistry | null |
2f48d80e-f96e-4400-b1fc-46462734e140 | Nitrogen narcosis is caused due to | Nitrogen inhibits dismutase enzyme | Increase production of nitrous oxide | Increased solubility of nitrogen in nerve cell membrane | Decrease in oxygen free radicals | 2c | single | Nitrogen has anesthetic effect on body The precise mechanism is not well understood, but it appears to be the direct effect of gas dissolving into nerve membranes and causing temporary disruption in nerve transmissions. While the effect was first observed with air, other gases including argon, krypton and hydrogen caus... | Physiology | General physiology |
0db9311c-63d6-46d8-8ab7-2899f02c2766 | On the ribosome, mRNA binds | between the subunits | to the large subunit | to the small subunit | none of these | 2c | multi | During initiation, the small ribosomal subunit binds to the start of the mRNA sequence.
Then a transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule carrying the amino acid methionine binds to what is called the start codon of the mRNA sequence. | Biochemistry | null |
6de946b3-b884-4a65-bca9-a6c164c639b3 | True about ACELLULAR PERTUSSIS VACCINE include the following EXCEPT | It is a toxoid | Superior to wP (whole cell pertussis vaccine) | Acellular component has same immunity as cellular one | Can be given as both primary and booster immunization | 1b | multi | Ans. b (Ref. OP Ghai 6th/pg.l94; Nelson paeds 17th /pg.908)PERTUSSISPreventionUniversal immunization of children <7 yr of age with pertussis vaccine, beginning in infancy, is central to the control ofpertussis. Current goals of immunization are protection of the individual from a significant coughing illness and contro... | Pediatrics | Immunization |
541c386e-2b8e-4719-a842-1ce908dce804 | A patient who underwent surgery for stage IA grade 3 Ca endometrium was brought to you for postoperative adjuvant therapy. What is the preferred mode of treatment in the above mentioned case? | External pelvic radiation | External field radiation | Vaginal brachytherapy | Observation | 2c | multi | The postoperative adjuvant therapy for different stages of Ca endometrium is given below Stages Adjuvant therapy Stage IA, G1, G2 Observation Stage IA, G3 Vaginal brachytherapy Stage IB, G1, G2, G3 & Stage II, Stage III A ,B, C1, G1, G2, G3 External pelvic radiation + vaginal brachytherapy Stage III ,C2, G1, G2, G3 Ext... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
bb39a15d-3716-45ab-94d3-00e5da973808 | Drug which clears trypanosomes from blood and lymph nodes and is active in late CNS stages of African sleeping sickness | Emetine | Melarsoprol | Nifuumix | Suramin | 1b | single | Melarsoprol in cns stage, suramin in heamolymphaticstage, chagas disease nifuimox.Ref: Katzung 10/e p863 | Pharmacology | All India exam |
dece6b72-b1c1-416c-989f-8393064555b7 | The WHO announced, immunisation is a primary responsibility of - | States | International community | Voluntary agencies | An individual | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., States | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b996606b-1a43-44f9-9839-b30059bba609 | Which of these is not associated with Loeffler’s syndrome? | Toxocara | Strongyloides stercoralis | L. tryptophan | Giardiasis | 3d | single | Loeffler’s syndrome causes are as follows:
• Ascaris
• Ancylostoma sp.
• Toxocara sp.
• Strongyloides stercoralis
• W bancrqfti or W malayi
• Trichomoniasis
• Clonorchiasis
• Visceral larva migrans, etc. | Unknown | null |
4ed305ca-aa39-4a3d-b61d-ed344c29e0f4 | Chocolate Brown postmoem staining is seen in - | KCI Poisoning | Opium Poisoning | H S Poisoning | Cyanide poisoning | 0a | single | In poisoning by nitrites, potassium chlorate, nitrobenzene, potassium bicarbonate and aniline the colour of postmoem hypostasis is chocolate brown due to methhemoglobinemia. Dr.Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 27th edition pg. 76. | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
7efe6870-85f4-4064-b35d-eb57fc81d83d | The graph showing relationship between cervical dilatation and duration of labour is : | Paogram | Cervicograph | Growth curve | Dilatation cha | 1b | single | Cervicograph | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
5daf1361-2e6a-41e1-bdae-79dab81e6ea6 | Streak gonads are seen in | Turner syndrome | Klinefelter's syndrome | Klinefelter's syndrome | Down's syndrome | 0a | single | Most patients have primary amenorrhea, and morphologic examination reveals transformation of the ovaries into white streaks of fibrous stroma devoid of follicles.the ovaries are reduced to atrophic fibrous strands, devoid of ova and follicles (streak ovaries).It is the defective development of the gonads in an embryo, ... | Pathology | Breast |
3145858b-4d85-491a-a651-90ef60bcb4ec | Depressors of Mandible - | Median pterygoid | Masseter | Lateral pterygoid | Temporalis | 2c | single | Depressors of the mandible are:-
Muscle of mastication: Lateral pterygoid (major depressor).
Suprahyoid muscles: Digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid.
Elevators of the mandible are:-
Muscles of mastication: Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid. | Anatomy | null |
cae9a71f-ae71-47cf-a1c8-add6eb947fe4 | Characteristic feature of diabetic retinopathy: September 2005, 2010 March 2007 | Hard exudate | Soft exudate | Ambylopia | Microaneurysm | 3d | single | Ans. D: Microaneurysm Diabetic retinopathy is an ocular manifestation of systemic disease which affects up to 80% of all patients who have had diabetes for 10 years or more. Diabetic retinopathy often has no early warning signs. As new blood vessels form at the back of the eye as a pa of proliferative diabetic retinopa... | Ophthalmology | null |
ea08faf4-00a0-4249-a553-ae465a5a9a0a | Most common cause of acute polyneuropathy is | Diphteria | Guillian Barre syndrome | Sarcoidosis | Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease | 1b | single | (B) Guillian Barre syndrome # Myocarditis & Polyneuropathy are the prominent toxic manifestations of diphtheria. The risk of each is proportional to the severity of local disease.> Polyneuropathy typically begins 3 to 5 weeks after onset of diphtheria and has a slow course. It appears earliest in patients who experienc... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
06582cde-0715-49f2-bcd9-b4b974f5c824 | Better prognostic factor for operation of biliary duct obstruction in newborn are - | No passage of bile | Size of ductule > 200 micron | Weight of baby > 3 kg | Preterm baby | 1b | single | Answer (b) Size of ductule > 200 micron Surgical treatment of biliary atresia Pooenterostomy or Kasai's operation is the surgery of choice. The purpose of this procedure is to facilitate the flow of bile into the intestine. It is based on the observation that the fibrous tissue at the pa hepatitis invests microscopical... | Surgery | null |
89776740-556c-46b7-a9fe-302a46783641 | Parotitis and orchitis are common manifestations of: | Diphtheria | Measles | Rubella | Mumps | 3d | single | d. Mumps(Ref: Nelsons' 20/e p 1552-1553, Chai 8/e p 217-218)Mumps is characterized by fever, bilateral or unilateral parotid swelling and tenderness, and the frequent occurrence of meningoencephalitis and orchitis. | Pediatrics | General Considerations - Infectious Diseases |
b2f5d42c-9022-4ffb-8809-ce0dc60c83ed | Acute vascular ischemia mainfests as | Pulselessness | Syncope | Flushing | Oedema | 0a | single | Peripheral aery occlusion Clinical features of peripheral aerial occlusion are classically remembered by 5 P's : pain, pallor, pulselessness, paralysis and paraesthesia Some add 6th P: Poililothermia or perishing cold Most common presenting symptom of acute aerial occlusion : Pain Ref: Sabiston 20th edition Pgno :1756 | Surgery | Vascular surgery |
7e7339aa-fca8-43a1-b1ed-7998c3c17e86 | Incudomalleolar joint is a; | Saddle joint | Pivot joint | Gliding joint | Hinge joint | 0a | multi | The incudomalleolar joint is a saddle joint while the incudostapedial is a ball and socket joint. Both of them are synol joints covered by capsular ligament. | ENT | null |
36d939bb-5ba8-44d5-9f4b-8b38655ffae6 | All of the following are the adverse effects of tacrolimus except - | Nephrotoxicity | Neurotoxicity | Hirsutism | Hyperglycemia | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hirsutism | Pharmacology | null |
73a57388-1647-4bb0-a1a8-2d72ee83bae5 | Maximum carbohydrate concentration in strict vegetarian diet present is | Amylase | Maltose | Fructose | Glycogen | 3d | single | (Glycogen) (21- U.Satyanarayan 3rd)GLYCOGEN - is the carbohydrate reserve in animals, hence often referred to as animal starch*** It is present in high concentration in liver, followed by muscle, brain* The enzyme hyaluronidase of semen degrades the gel (contains hyaluronic acid) around the ovum. This allows effective ... | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates |
69b5ffff-12d6-4043-977f-5d5986ee704c | True about incontinenta pigmenti include the following except aEUR' | X-linked dominant | Primary skin abnormality | Avascularity of peripheral retina | Ocular involvement is seen in almost 100% cases and is typically unilateral | 3d | multi | Ocular involvement is seen in almost 100% cases and is typically unilateral Incontinentia pigmenti Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP), also referred to as Bloch- Sulzberger syndrome is an unusual inherited disorder of skin pigmentation that is associated with abnormalties of :- i) Skin --) (100% of affected people) ii) Teeth ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
deaa03ff-05cb-4d51-98bb-954e5a8af469 | A diabetic female at 40 wks of gestation delivered a baby by elective cesarean section. Soon after birth, the baby developed respiratory distress. The diagnosis is - | Transient tachypnea of the new bom | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | Tracheo oesophageal fistula | Hyaline membrane disease | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' Transient tachypnea of the newborn (Ref. Nelson, 16th/e, p. 505; Ghai O.P., 5th/e, p. 145).lam going against the majority in this question. Most of the students believe that the answer is a Hyaline membrane.Now read carefully what Nelson has to say about HMD." Hyaline membrane disease occurs primarily in pr... | Unknown | null |
ca627319-f252-49de-9ea5-bf169fd6f698 | Which of the following is an SGLT 2 inhibitor approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes Mellitus | Dulaglutide | Pramilintide | Canagliflozin | Nateglinide | 2c | single | Canagliflozin, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, remogliflozin are sglt 2 inhibitors approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes Ref Harrison 20th edi page no 2866, table 397-5 | Medicine | Endocrinology |
3980ecd3-a20e-4200-8f8d-506d0feb9d94 | Sympathetic stimulation causes all, except | Increase in heart rate | Increase in BP | Increases in total peripheral resistance | Increases in venous capacitance | 3d | multi | null | Physiology | null |
e60901d1-6ed0-4e9f-89d9-23e8287001cb | Cause of vaginal bleeding in an ectopic pregnancy is shedding of the endometrium. This endometrium is known as: | Decidua vera | Decidua basalis | Decidua capsularis | Decidua rubra | 1b | single | Decidua directly beneath blastocyst implantation becomes the deciduas basalis. The decidua capsularis overlies the enlarging blastocyst and initially separates the conceptus from the rest of the uterine cavity. The remainder of the uterus is lined by deciduas parietalis. By 14 to 16 weeks' gestation, the expanding sac ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Ectopic Pregnancy (Hello ! Where are you ?) |
d553e300-55e7-4220-bd67-cb63f02d16b9 | Capillary refill time in a child with shock is | > 1 second | > 2 seconds | > 3 seconds | > 4 seconds | 2c | single | Capillary refill is a simple test that assesses how quickly blood returns to the skin after pressure is applied. It is carried out by applying pressure to the pink pa of the nail bed of the thumb or big toe in a child and over the sternum or forehead in a young infant for 3 seconds. The capillary refill time is the tim... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
d0c1e2c6-0f6b-414d-b875-2936d0b8194f | Contraindication of rota virus vaccine is | SCID | Intussusception | Severe allergic raction | All of above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of above | Pediatrics | null |
96fe7a0a-defa-4ffd-8c7f-70da4c58284f | Hyperprolactinemia results in | Chronic anovulation | Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism | Androgen insensitivity syndrome | Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism | 1b | single | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
573e68a4-51c0-401f-8944-b314ab07fe6b | Adenylate cyclase conves | ATP to ADP | ADP to ATP | ATP to cAMP | AMP to ADP | 2c | single | Adenylate cyclase (calmodulin-sensitive) trimer, Bacillus anthracis Epinephrine binds its receptor, that associates with a heterotrimeric G protein. The G protein associates with adenylyl cyclase, which conves ATP to cAMP, spreading the signs | Biochemistry | Enzymes |
497adc36-be3c-4b70-97ed-9670a472f6de | Hypochloremic alkalosis is a complication of -a) Congenital pyloric stenosisb) Vomitingc) Haematemesisd) Aspirin intoxication | ad | ab | bd | cd | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
5e8db7a4-1f1a-4a67-8eb1-ccba6c87b020 | Pulsatile proptosis is a feature of ? | Orbital varix | Retinoblastoma | Coico-cavernous fistula | Covernous sinus thrombosis | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Coico-cavernous fistula Proptosis Proptosis is bulging of the eyeball (forward bulging) beyond the orbital margins. Though the word exophthalmos is synonymous with proptosis; some source define xophthalmos as a protrusion of globe greater than 18mm and proptosis as a protrusion equal to or less than 1... | Anaesthesia | null |
569a7927-792e-4f37-84ab-3fc5fd79babd | Ultra-structurally, endothelial cells contain: | Weibel Palade bodies | Langerhan’s granules | Abundant glycogen | Kallikrein | 0a | multi | Endothelial cells are the major source of plasma vWF, whereas most factor VIII is synthesized in the liver. vWF is found in the plasma (in association with factor VIII), in platelet granules, in endothelial cells within cytoplasmic vesicles called Weibel-Palade bodies, and in the subendothelium, where it binds to colla... | Pathology | null |
cb18687a-f0ff-4b8f-a47e-dee481246025 | Not a feature of alcohol withdrawal is: | Hallucination | Tremor | Hypersomnolence | Autonomic hyperactivity | 2c | multi | Hypersomnolence | Psychiatry | null |
06e0ea45-12a8-42ef-bf89-f86ff175f1c2 | Which of the following features is shared in common between lymphocyte-rich and lymphocyte-predominant types of Hodgkin's lymphoma? | Paucity of diagnostic RS cells | EBV is associated in 40% of cases | RS cells are CD20 positive | Prognosis is excellent | 3d | single | Ans. d (Prognosis is excellent) (Ref. Robbins 7th/689)Paragraph from Robbins Pathology 7th ed. p. 688, Table 14-6:Lymphocyte-rich:Lymphocyte predominance:# Frequent mononuclear & R-S cells0# Paucity of RS cells # 40% EBV+.Q# R-S cells CD20+, CD15-, C30-;# CD20 and CD 45-Q# EBV--Q.# Very good to excellent prognosis.# Ex... | Pathology | Blood |
2044e3f8-ad26-4186-9752-ffc50dcb8b4f | The most common laser used in laryngeal surgery is | Argon laser | Nd YAG laser | CO2 laser | KTP laser | 2c | single | The LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of RadiationDepending upon the lasing medium, various types of lasers with differing wavelength can be created. The lasing medium can be solid (ruby, Nd: YAG or potassium titanyl phosphate); gas (CO2 or Helium-Neon) or liquid (pumped inorganic dye i... | ENT | Ear |
f6c2c10c-dff5-4627-94a9-471159055b9d | Malignant melanoma of conjunctiva is usually of: | Spindle A type | Spindle B type | Mixed cell type | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. All of the above | Ophthalmology | null |
7df987d8-d291-4fc6-9fe4-310de555c381 | Upper segment to lower segment ratio at bih is ___________ | 1 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 3d | single | The U/L ratio (upper body segment :lower body segment) at bih is about 1.7; at age 3 years it is 1.3; at greater than 7 years, it is 1.0 with the upper body segment and lower body segment being about equal. Of note, higher U/L ratios are noted in sho-limb dwarfism and other bone disorders such as rickets. Reference: GH... | Pediatrics | New born infants |
2de63da8-a398-4783-8de2-779ba1200d5b | In which of the following, Koebner phenomenon is NOT seen – | Lichen planus | Lichen sclerosis | Erythema multiforme | Lichen simplex chronicus | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
c3a14069-e7ad-400a-9fde-916361521ff0 | Characteristic of Guillain-Barre syndrome is: September 2005 | Profouund sensory loss | Loss of limb reflex | Residual paralysis | Descending paralysis | 1b | single | Ans. B: Loss of limb reflex | Medicine | null |
cd17c094-bc6d-4817-8cd4-3f6f5856812c | Cretinism is _____________ | Dispropoionate dwarfism | Sho stature with long trunk | Sho stature with sho trunk | Long stature with long trunk | 0a | single | Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome, previously known as cretinism, is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth owing to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormone (congenital hypothyroidism) usually owing to maternal hypothyroidism. Results in Dispropoionate dwarfism Reference: GHAI Essenti... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
7b9d2abc-9c0f-48c9-92a9-0f937cd091a3 | Buspirone as compared to benzodiazepines: | Is more potent anticonvulsant | Does not interfere with GABAergic transmission | More effective in severe anxiety with panic attacks | Produces significantly more sedation | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
f3d867a8-d9b9-4378-b782-ca17bf29e28e | In a young temale ot reproductive age with regular menstrual cycles of 28 days, ovulation occurs around 14lh day ot periods. When is the tirst polar body extruded ? | 24 hrs prior to ovulation | Accompanied by ovulation | 48 hrs after the ovulation | At the time of feilization | 1b | single | Accompanied by ovulation Most of the standard text books say the first polar body is expelled just before or sholy before ovulation. -- Which does not mean that it is released 24 hrs before ovulation. "While still in the ovary the ovum is in the primary oocyte stage. Sholy before it is released from ovarian follicle (i... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
02ac8400-4ae1-4521-a8f7-c8f78b163c71 | On sonography a multigravida found to have oligohydramnios. Which among the following will be associated with this condition? | Oesophageal atresia | Spina bifida | Cholangioma of placenta | Renal agenesis | 3d | single | Congenital Anomalies Associated with Oligohydramnios: Amniotic band syndrome Cardiac: Fallot tetralogy, septal defects Central nervous system: holoprosencephaly, meningocoele, encephalocoele, microcephaly Chromosomal abnormalities: triploidy, trisomy 18, Turner syndrome Cloacal dysgenesis Cystic hygroma Diaphragmatic h... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0c1b049b-627a-4554-882e-8c9936c7e64a | Chromosome defective in cystic fibrosis is- | Chromosome 5 | Chromosome X | Chromosome 7 | Chromosome 1 | 2c | single | Cystic fibrosis or fibrocystic disease is a hereditary disorder characterized by viscid mucous secretions in all the exocrine glands of the body (mucoviscidosis) and associated with increased concentrations of electrolytes in the eccrine glands. The terms 'cystic fibrosis' and 'fibrocystic disease' is preferable over '... | Pathology | miscellaneous |
629224a1-c27d-4bff-87be-c362565e74d6 | U shaped dose response curve is seen in | Vitamins | Anti cancer drugs | Steroids | Chelators | 0a | single | U shaped response curve is seen in vitamins Ref-Goodman and Gillman 12/e p74 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
26d653b1-03e2-4fd5-b05b-1644a0bbb334 | True about Light microscopic changes in Minimal Change Glomerulonephritis is: | No abnormality | Fusion of foot process | Absence of Immunoglobulins | Absence of complement | 0a | multi | Answer is A (No abnormality) Light microscopy shows no abnormality in Minimal change Disease Investigation Light microscopy Q Electron microscopy Q Immunofluorescence Q Observation No abnormality hence the term minimal change Fusion offoot processes / Effacement offoot process Absence of immunoglobulin or complement | Medicine | null |
7a1439b5-4dc4-4778-8b59-b118d746b5e4 | Regan enzyme is an isoenzyme of ? | LDH | Creatinine kinase | Acid phosphatase | Alkaline phosphatase | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Alkaline phosphataseRegan enzyme (isoenzyme) is the isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase.It arises from placenta know as carcinoplacental enzyme.It is elevated in about 15% fo cases of carcinoma of lung, liver and gut. | Biochemistry | null |
2626a6bd-e8ee-4883-a224-97f02188d8a0 | Long thoracic nerve arises from nerve roots - | C6 C7 T1 | C7 T1 T2 | C5 C6 C7 | C5 to T1 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., C5 C6 C7 o Root value of long thoracic nerve is C5C6 C7Supraclavicular branches of brachial plexuso Branches of brachial plexus which are above the clavicle are called supraclavicular branches.o These arise from roots and trunks.Supraclavicular branches of brachial plexusFrom roots1. Nerves to scaleni... | Anatomy | Nerves of Upper Extremity |
f7508cd9-e3b1-49f4-832f-f79edae682b5 | Causative agent for Farmers' Lung is? | Thermoactinomyces sacchari | Thermophiles actinomyces | Cotton dust | Pigeon feather | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Thermophiles actinomyces * Farmer's lung is a hypersensitivity (type III) pneumonitis induced by the inhalation of biologic dusts coming from hay dust or mold spores or any other agricultural products.* These types of immune response are most often initiated by exposure to thermophilic actinomycetes (... | Pathology | Respiration |
767e136d-9310-4e7d-8911-636209b3d690 | What are the minimum number bacilli for Sputum positive Tuberculosis? | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 3d | single | Answer: D. 104. (Ref Park's Textbook of PSM 22nd/Pg.l71)Sputum smear microscopy for tubercle bacilli is positive when there are at least 10,000 organisms present per ml of sputum.For slide reporting :No. of BacilliResult reportedNo AFB/100 oil immersion fields01-9 AFB/100 oil immersion fieldsScanty ( or Number AFB seen... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable Diseases |
f0f1f1f6-f79d-42f7-a2ce-4713e29170f9 | Which among the following is the most common cause of stroke associated with moality? | Embolic | Thrombotic | Hemorrhagic | Absess | 0a | single | Strokes are classified as either hemorrhagic or ischemic. Acute ischemic stroke refers to stroke caused by thrombosis or embolism and is more common than hemorrhagic stroke. Cardiogenic emboli are a common source of recurrent stroke. They may account for up to 20% of acute strokes and have been repoed to have the highe... | Medicine | null |
05d11c98-3dee-4d4e-951c-de018a90625b | Brittle bone disease is - | Osteogenesis imperfecta | Osteopetrosis | Pagets disease | Osteoporosis | 0a | single | Osteogenesis imperfecta is also known as Fragilitas ossium or Vrolick&;s disease which is characterised by tendency for frequent fractures because of weak and brittle bones. It results from defective collagen synthesis and thus affects other collagen containing soft tissues like skin, sclera, teeth, ligaments etc. as w... | Orthopaedics | Bony dysplasia and soft tissue affection |
12fa8531-6ede-4c76-86be-8534dbdbf66e | In a completely and adequately immunized child against Diphtheria, the throat swab was collected. It showed the presence of Corynebacterium diphtheriae like organisms on Albe staining. These organisms can have one of the following propeies on fuher laboratory processing | It can grow on Potassium tellurite medium | Positive Elek's gel precipitation test | It can be pathogenic to experimental guinea pigs | It can produce cytotoxicity in tissue cultures | 0a | single | Smears stained with methylene blue or one of the special stains(Neisser's or Albe's )will show the bacilli with metachromatic granules. Albes stain may show delicate green bacilli with purple-blue metachromatic granules. For culture, the swabs are inoculated on Loeffler's serum slope, tellurite blood agar and a plate o... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
deff761e-a9a5-4c82-97bc-677a96d55211 | Which is the most impoant element in treatment of diphtheria? | Antitoxin | Tetracycline | Erythromycin | Penicillin | 0a | single | The most impoant element in treatment of diphtheria is antitoxin. Option 1 1. Treatment of diphtheria: Treatment should be staed immediately on clinical suspicion of diphtheria. 2. Anti-diphtheritic horse serum or ADS (antitoxin): It is the treatment of choice as it neutralizes the toxin. Serum antitoxin concentration ... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Gram Positive Bacilli, Gram Negative Bacilli) |
33119708-fc3f-478f-9dd3-6e745c4ddfbb | All of the following are signs of inadequate breast milk intake in a neonate, EXCEPT: | Weight loss of 5% from bih | Less than six noticeably wet diapers per 24 h by day 3-4 | Less than four stools per day by day 3-4 | Nursing less than eight times per 24 h | 0a | multi | In a neonate with inadequate breast milk intake the weight loss is more than 8-10%. Other signs of inadequate breast milk intake are: Less than six noticeably wet diapers per 24 h by day 3-4 Less than four stools per day by day 3-4 Nursing less than eight times per 24 h Breast milk jaundice: refers to presence of uncon... | Pediatrics | null |
0059df42-07e4-45af-b143-79ec1bc273fd | Abatacept, a new drug inhibiting co-stimulation is used for- | SLE | Scleroderma | Rheumatoid ahritis | Sjogren syndrome | 2c | single | Ref Davidsons 23e p1007 | Medicine | Immune system |
cbce1dda-f23d-47a6-8aac-f54e7ef83a34 | All true about classical Rapid sequence induction except | Preoxygenation is mandatory | Cricoid pressure is applied | Positive pressure ventilation by bag and mask with small tidal volume | The neuromuscular blocker used is succinylcholine | 2c | multi | Rapid Sequence induction /intubation Indication - emergency surgery, full stomach patient (Pregnancy is considered afull stomach,whererapid sequence induction is indicated if taken under general anesthesia) Aim - to prevent aspiration Steps 1. Preoxygenation 2. Cricoid pressure application 3. Intravenous thiopentone an... | Anaesthesia | Neuromuscular Blocker |
ceece26b-a1de-4b8b-a7f3-0055b39f2914 | Fibrin is degraded by ? | Thrombin | Fibrin | Plasmin | None | 2c | multi | Coagulation must be balanced with fibrinolysis to limit the hemostatic plug to the site of injury. Injured vascular endothelium secret plasminogen activator that conves inactive plasminogen to active plasmin. Plasmin breaks down fibrin resulting in production of fibrin degradation products. Fibrinolytic system is regul... | Anatomy | null |
94dd0108-2e1e-47f6-b677-a9af92698312 | Hypehyroid state is characterized by | Increased protein synthesis | Decreased glycolysis | Lipolysis | Increased cholestrol | 2c | single | People with hypothyroidism often have no or only mild symptoms. Numerous symptoms and signs are associated with hypothyroidism, and can be related to the underlying cause, or a direct effect of having not enough thyroid hormones. Hashimoto's thyroiditis may present with the mass effect of a goiter (enlarged thyroid gla... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
df9163ea-2c1a-475c-b821-511d5a78ea11 | All are false about tigecycline, except:- | Dose reduction is require in renal failure | 90% pseudomonas strains are sensitive | It is bactericidal drug | It is a broad spectrum antimicrobial | 3d | multi | Tigecycline Belongs to glycylcycline Group. Is active against most bacteria that have developed resistance to the classical tetracyclines. Acts by inhibiting protein translation in bacteria by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. It blocks entry of amino-acyl tRNA molecules into the A site of the ribosome. Active agai... | Pharmacology | NEET 2018 |
2da311f6-612b-4e0e-9530-0f7cfea5b699 | Bennet's fracture involves which metacarpal bone? | 1st metacarpal | 2nd metacarpal | 3rd metacarpal | 4th metacarpal | 0a | single | Ans. a (1st metacarpal). (Ref. Maheshwari, Orthopaedics, 2nd/pg.98)RENNET'S FRACTURE# Bennet's fracture is an oblique intra-articular fracture of the base of 1st metacarpal with subluxation or dislocation of the metacarpal.# Rx by accurate reduction & restoration of the smooth joint surface is important as any abnormal... | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around the Fore Arm & Wrist |
40e2f354-6041-42b6-9927-d12015772e22 | Best test for GFR is with: | Inulin | Hippuric acid | Creatinine | PAH | 0a | single | A i.e. Inulin (Measurement of GFRGFR can be measured by measuring the excretion & plasma level of a substance that is freely filtered through glomeruli and neither secreted not reabsorbed by the tubulesQ.Requirement of substances used to measure GFR- Substances used- Filtered freely- Inulin (standard)Q- Neither reabsor... | Physiology | null |
49e8a39c-b398-41e4-9e9c-cad9491c5625 | The most frequent site of branchial cyst is at | Upper third of posterior border of sternocleidomastoid | Upper third of anteromedial border of sternocleidomastoid | Supraclavicular fossa | Lower third of anterior border of sternocleidomastoid | 1b | single | The branchial cyst is common in the second decade of life but can occur at any age with equal frequency in both sexes. Cyst presents as a swelling in the upper pa of the neck anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Mass is smooth, round, fluctuant, non-tender and not transilluminate. A painful increase in size at t... | ENT | Miscellaneous ENT |
915f34f9-7d8e-400a-953b-7474186f5e95 | Which type of adenoma has the highest propensity to undergo dystrophic calcification? | Somatotroph adenoma | Coicotroph adenoma | Lactotroph adenoma | Thyrotroph adenoma | 2c | single | Lactotroph adenomas have a propensity to undergo dystrophic calcification, ranging from isolated psammoma bodies to extensive calcification of viually the entire tumor mass ("pituitary stone"). | Pathology | CNS Tumors |
8abb9c91-fa9e-4d64-b4ac-3e3cbd1cb611 | A widely used drug that suppresses cellular immunity inhibits prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis and increases the catabolism of IgG antibody is : | Cyclophosphamide | Prednisone | Cyclosporine | Infliximab | 1b | single | Glucocorticoids are powerful immunosuppressants. These inhibit both cellular and humoral immunity by:
Decreasing the recruitment of immune cells.
Catabolism of immunoglobulins.
Inhibiting the enzyme phospholipase A2 resulting in decreased production of PGs, LTs and TXs. | Pharmacology | null |
434b8dad-48bc-40d9-9d26-3766c32ba072 | Which of the following anti-diabetic drugs can cause vitamin B12 deficiency? | Glipizide | Acarbose | Metformin | Pioglitazone | 2c | single | Ans. (C) Metformin(Ref: Goodman Gilman 12/e p1259, KDT 8/e 299)Lactic acidosis (more with phenformin) and megaloblastic anemia (more with metformin) due to vitamin B12 deficiency are the major adverse effects of these drugs. Lactic acidosis is more likely to occur in the presence of hepatic and renal impairment or alco... | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
33e4a95a-c874-47e3-910d-ec296f708b7d | Treatment of malignant Hyperthermia includes – a) Dantroleneb) Coolingc) Deepening plane of inhalational anaesthesiad) Discontinue inhalational anaesthesiae) Give O2 therapy with 100% O2. | abcd | bcde | acde | abde | 3d | single | Treatment of malignant hyperthermia includes dantrolene, hyperventilation with 100% O2 discontinuation of all anaesthetics immediately, cooling of body, correction of acidosis and hyperkalemia. | Anaesthesia | null |
28936911-0998-4fa2-a9c3-972849383a12 | A patient presents with acute anterior wall infarction and hypotension. Which will be the immediate treatment modality for this patient? | Intra aoic balloon counter pulsation | Anticoagulation | Thrombolytic therapy | Angiography and Primary angioplasty | 3d | multi | Within the first 12 hours of MI, immediate coronary angiography and primary percutaneous intervention is the treatment of choice for patients presenting with ST elevated MI. Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Page 1453 & 1460; 17th Edition, Page 1537; Davidson's Principles and Practice of Me... | Medicine | null |
81c9dcd4-2bfd-406b-a343-f941759f6297 | Which of the following is false about hemochromatosis | HFE gene mutation | Autosomal recessive | Iron deposits in the testis | Secondary hemochromatosis is due to thalassemias. | 2c | multi | In hemochromatosis iron deposits are seen in pituitary gland, skin , pancreas and heart. | Medicine | null |
dd327193-087e-479e-8e78-8ef88a98aa0d | Psychogenic amnesia is characterized by -a) Antegrade amnesiab) Retrograde amnesiac) Both with confabulationd) Patchy impairment of personal memories | c | d | bd | ac | 2c | multi | Dissociative amnesia is characterized by retrograde amnesia. There is inability to recall personal events during circumscribed period which creates gaps in the individuals personal memory (Patchy memory loss). | Psychiatry | null |
41ba2d81-be0a-4517-a1eb-49e9fc9e451b | Type of anemia in pregnancy is: September 2007 | Megaloblastic | Microcytic hypochromic | Microcytic normochromic | Normochromic normocytic | 1b | single | Ans. B: Microcytic Hypochromic Anemia in pregnancy is that of iron deficiency anemia and shows microcytic hypochromic pattern. Change in lab values in iron deficiency anemia Decrease- ferritin, hemoglobin, MCV Increase- TIBC, transferrin | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
59a195fd-731f-4482-b54e-4c512219d5bb | Avascular necrosis of hip, investigation of choice - | MRI | USG | CT | XRAY | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., MRI o The first X-ray signs probably appear only 6-9 months after the occurrence of bone deatho MRI shows characteristic changes in the marrow long before the appearance of X-ray signs,o Therefore MRI is the most reliable way of diagnosing marrow changes and bone ischaemia (Avascular necrosis) at a co... | Orthopaedics | Avascular Necrosis |
58ca325e-2ff3-430c-9a12-e8460a84a53b | Deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the mother is via: | Umbilical artery | Umbilical veins | Pulmonary artery | Pulmonary vein | 0a | single | 13Ans. (a) Umbilical arteryRef: D. C Dutta 8th ed./ 36* Deoxygenated blood from fetus to mother is via umbilical artery.* Oxygenated blood is via umbilical vein. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Growth of the Fetus During Pregnancy |
14d59eb2-7592-4d47-916b-05f085779233 | Enzyme inhibited by insulin is | Glucokinase | PFK-1 | Glycogen phosphorylase | Glycogen synthase | 2c | single | 3. Hypoglycemic Effect of INSULINE - i. Insulin lowers the blood glucose level by promoting utilization and storage. ii. Gluconeogenesis is inhibited by insulin by repressing the key enzymes, pyruvate carboxylase (PC) phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6- phosphatase. iii. Insulin inhibits glycogeno... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
a423032b-d84d-464f-8a41-bebd0bbe0ed7 | Which of the following contains long spaced collagen? | Diaphragm | Cornea | Basement membrane | Tympanic membrane | 1b | single | Ans. (b) CorneaRef: Cornea by Mannis, 4/e, p. 897Seen in a number of corneal pathologies like Fuch dystrophy, PPMD, Scheie syndrome, etc. | Ophthalmology | Cornea |
7df34f89-f9e1-4804-a2ec-f92bc8ce773b | Vi antigen found in -a) Salmonella paratyphi 'A'b) Salmonella paratyphi 'C'c) Salmonella dublind) Kiebsiella pneumoniaee) Citrobacter fregalis | bcde | abcd | abce | abde | 2c | single | Vi Antigen is possessed by S Typhi and S. Paratyphi C, S. Dublin, Citrobacter (Ballerup-Bethesda group). | Microbiology | null |
79ac14c9-fb72-4359-a414-b1a21869e443 | The most common late CNS complication of HIV is | Dementia | Ataxia | Seizures | Deliruim | 0a | single | CNS involvement in AIDS
Involvement of the CNS is a common and important manifestation of AIDS.
In addition to the lymphoid system, the nervous system is a major target of HIV infection.
Macrophages and microglial cells in the central nervous system that belong to the monocyte and macrophage lineage are predominant t... | Medicine | null |
a04fbf6e-c0b9-4fcc-b177-5ba9ddf0b1ec | A 34-year-old power lifter visits the outpatient clinic because he has difficulty walking. During physical examination it is observed that the patient has a problem unlocking the knee joint to permit flexion of the leg. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged? | Biceps femoris | Gastrocnemius | Popliteus | Semimembranosus | 2c | single | When the popliteus contracts, it rotates the distal portion of the femur in a lateral direction. It also draws the lateral meniscus posteriorly, thereby protecting this cartilage as the distal femoral condyle glides and rolls backward, as the knee is flexed. This allows the knee to flex and therefore serves in unlockin... | Anatomy | Lower Extremity |
a9376485-50ca-47d1-b980-be024a3a43fb | Concussion injuries to the eye will cause all of the following except | Sublaxation of lens | Soft exudates | Macular hole | Berlin's oedema | 1b | multi | Soft exudates are axoaxonal debris and seen mostly as a result of hypoxia in the retina Refer khurana 6/e | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
3faf163d-f453-41c0-822e-2ade3a48cb4e | The role of bradykinin in process of inflammation is | Vasoconstriction | Bronchiodilatation | Pain | Increase in vascular permeability | 3d | single | Ref Robbins 8/e p65- 66 ; 9/e p89 Bradykinin is a potent endothelium-dependent vasodilator and mild diuretic, which may cause a lowering of the blood pressure. It also causes contraction of non-vascular smooth muscle in the bronchus and gut, increases vascular permeability and is also involved in the mechanism of pain. | Anatomy | General anatomy |
93191750-47d3-4406-be37-3fd6964ff919 | In which one of the following perineural invasion in head and neck cancer is most commonly seen? | Adenocarcinoma | Adenoid cystic carcinoma | Basal cell adenoma | Squamous cell carcinoma | 1b | single | null | Pathology | null |
1178bb85-12b2-4aaf-8423-b4a0431d7692 | Prophaylaxis for malaria not used- | Doxycycline | Artesunate | Chloroquine | Mefloquine | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
fa7d278b-f6cf-44c2-b15a-6143c9748dca | A nurse having vaccinated with hepatitis B (Not previous affect the hepatitis-B- infection).Which of the following found in blood examination. | HBsAg | Anti HBs Ag | AntiHBCAg | Anti HBs Ag Anti HBC, core antigen | 1b | single | (Anti HBs Ag) (570-71-CMDT-08) (1933-34-H17th)Anti HBs antibody - appears in most individuals after clearance ofHBsAg and after successful vaccination against hepatitis B - signal recovery from HBV infection, non infectivity and immunity* HBe Ag indicates viral replication and infectivity** HBs Ag indicates the first e... | Medicine | Infection |
921fe79a-04bf-4396-aedd-8cb7de40fee9 | about test of significance between two large population, one of the following statements is true- | Null hypothesis states that 2 means are equal | Standard error of difference is the sum of the standard error of 2 means | Standard error of means are equal | Standard error of difference between populations calculated | 3d | multi | . | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
9aac18be-edf6-4253-8fbd-6f8cf34f4218 | All of the following can cause Optic Neuritis,except - | Rifampicin | Digoxin | Chloroquine | Ethambutol | 0a | multi | Important drugs causing optic neuritis are quinine, chloroquine, ethambutal, isoniazid(INH), Streptomycin, Digoxin, Amiodarone, NSAIDs (aspirin, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, ibuprofen), vigabatrine, disulfiram. | Ophthalmology | null |
26de3896-b743-421c-bc0f-28693cd50cf9 | Actions of angiotensin II include: a) Systemic vasoconstriction b) Systemic vasodilation c) Renal vasodilatation d) Re–absorption of Na+ in proximal renal tubule e) Retention of water | ad | ae | bc | bd | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
84325df2-cf71-4535-9030-305d00a2dc6a | Chymotrypsin cleaves carbonyl terminal of | Phenylalanine | Tryptophan | Tyrosine | All of these | 3d | multi | null | Biochemistry | null |
e7e73c0f-af7f-4d4b-a044-7546b330026e | Which of the following is coding RNA | sn RNA | mRNA | Both sn RNA and mRNA | mi RNA | 1b | multi | rRNA, Lnc RNA, sn RNA, mi RNA, tRNA are all non coding RNA.
Only mRNA is coding RNA. | Biochemistry | null |
6aa0c399-900d-4a6f-82ad-27d80c55daeb | The 1st product of tryptophan catabolism is? | Kynurenine | Bradykinin | PAF | Xanthurenate | 0a | single | Tryptophan is degraded to amphibolic intermediates via the kynurenine-anthranilate pathway. Tryptophan oxygenase (tryptophan pyrrolase) opens the indole ring, incorporates molecular oxygen, and forms N-formyl kynurenine.
Hydrolytic removal of the formyl group of A T -formylkynurenine, catalyzed by kynurenine formylase,... | Biochemistry | null |
67c338b9-ccc1-4822-aa32-1360ddee12a5 | The differential diagnosis of the finding Reticulocyte Index=>2.5 is all, EXCEPT: | Macrocytic anaemia | Hemolysis | Hemoglobinopathy | Blood loss | 0a | multi | Reticulocyte count >2.5 is seen in: Hemolysis/ hemorrhage Blood loss Intravascular hemolysis Metabolic defect Membrane abnormality Hemoglobinopathy Immune destruction Fragmentation hemolysis Ref: Harrison, 18th Edition, Page 454 | Pathology | null |
935a1c51-ab19-4f21-9b53-951302d0814e | Ehrlich phenomenon seen in: | Proteus | Mycobacterium TB | Corynebacterium | Staphylococcus | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Corynebacterium(It is due to presence in toxin preparation of varying amounts of toxoid and antitoxin to combine in varying proportions and is called Ehrlich phenomenon).Ehrlich defined the minimum lethal dose (MLD) of the diphtheria toxin as the least amount of toxin required to kill a guinea pig wei... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
d0dbf116-624b-4d98-8bf4-2214c9060eb2 | For the disposal of hospital refuse, the bag made with cadmium is not used because incineration of the bag causes poisonous toxic fumes evolution. The colour of the bag is - | Black | Red | Blue | Yellow | 1b | single | Waste collection bags for waste type needing incineration shall not be made of chlorinated plastics. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 735 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste and disaster management, Occupational health |
29dd68b1-44d0-42ba-a1c9-325cb7cba16a | All of the following are having stimulatory action on glucagon secretion, EXCEPT: | Secretin | Beta agonist | Exercise | Amino acids | 0a | multi | Factors stimulate glucagon secretion: Amino acids (paicularly the glucogenic amino acids: alanine, serine, glycine, cysteine, and threonine) CCK, gastrin Coisol Exercise Infections Beta adrenergic stimulators Theophylline Acetylcholine Inhibitors of glucagon secretion: Glucose Somatostatin Secretin FFA Ketones Insulin ... | Physiology | null |
6740290e-b22f-4555-b6a9-a37984b923cf | A patient of rheumatic heart disease with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation is on oral warfarin. On one OPD visit, his INR is found to be 6. What is the action to be taken? | Stop warfarin, and review | Stop wairfarin, and administer fresh frozen plasma | Stop warfarin, and administer intramuscular vitamin K | Stop warfarin, and administer intramuscular vitamin K | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
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