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bddd7f25-d21f-4f4d-9bb6-36352343445a | Wilm's tumor is associated with the following except – | Aniridia | Horse-shoe kidney | Hemihypertrophy | Opsoclonus | 3d | multi | null | Pediatrics | null |
c293cc98-fdb4-4212-8d0e-43a9b3af7ec9 | Lines of zahn occur in which of the following | Postmoem clot | Infract | Embolus | Coralline thrombus | 3d | multi | Ref Robbins 9/e p 125 thrombi often have grossly and microscopically apparent laminations called lines of zahn,these represent pale platelet and fibrin deposit altered with red cell rich layers .such laminations represent that thrombus has formed in flowing blood.their presence can be therefore distinguish antemoem thr... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
1dd4d7df-ecb1-4d67-8b86-ebe42b2db884 | Gray equals | 100 rad | 1000 rad | 10000 rad | All | 0a | multi | A i.e., 100 rads Rad (radiation absorbed dose) is energy deposited within living matter & is equal to 100 ergs/gm of tissue. Whereas, I gray is absorption of 1 joule energy by 1 kg living matter. | Radiology | null |
d07b2902-2d2b-4b07-bc52-6227e394d36b | Impression techniques are used for recording | Oral mucosal tissues | Dental hard tissues | Oral mucosal tissues and dental hard tissues | None of the above | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
dbda932e-26e7-44df-8be7-eb6f76712063 | Women carrying BRCA 1 gene are more likely to develop which type of breast carcinoma | Medullary | Lobular | collnid | Secretory | 0a | single | Medullary carcinomas occur with increased frequency in women with BRCA1 mutations, although most women with medullary carcinoma are not carriers. These carcinomas uniformly lack the estrogen and progesterone receptors and do not overexpress HER2/NEU (a combination that often is referred to as triple-negative). ref : Ro... | Pathology | Breast |
dfa53286-cdab-4437-9b37-370573479e6a | Which of the following is not a branch of cerebral part of ICA: | Opthalmic artery. | Anterior cerebral artery. | Posterior cerebral artery. | Anterior choroidal artery. | 2c | single | null | Anatomy | null |
2e829113-70df-4968-8daa-8c7ccee20872 | Most wear resistant composite is: | Traditional composite | Macrofilled composite | Hybrid composite | Packable composite | 2c | single | Hybrid composite resin materials have a combination of small and large filler particles, to combine high filler loading with a sufficient quantity of small particles to ensure improved wear resistance and also permit adequate polishability. These materials are quite strong, polishable, and have wear resistance equivale... | Dental | null |
050750bf-fbc9-45b2-bcb2-9fc3b9d829ad | All ICUD's are changed every 4-5 year except: | Cu 280 | Cu 320 | Multiload devices | Progestasert | 3d | multi | null | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
31b9ad6f-6d7c-4aa9-b1a1-b95b5c767a00 | Half of the clot retraction is completed by? | 24 hrs | Within 2 hrs | Within 15 minutes | Within 1 hour | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
30c0cabf-6865-4aca-9a52-05a53307ef3a | Bregma is the name given to the junction of the | Coronal and sagittal sutures | Frontal bone with the nasal bone | Lambdoid and sagittal sutures | Parietal & Occipital bone | 0a | single | Bregma:
Bregma is the meeting point between coronal and sagittal sutures.
Seen in norma verticalis view of skull.
In foetal skull, this is the site of a membranous gap, called anterior fontanelle. It ossifies at 18 months of age. | Anatomy | null |
37d528c7-07a8-4583-8f1f-3148f6be76ae | The best method to screen a 3-year-old with a sound dentition and open proximal contacts would be: | No radiographic assessment. | Bitewing Radiographs | Intraoral periapical radiograph | Occlusal radiographs | 0a | single | The American Dental Association (ADA), the American Academy for Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD), the European Academy for Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD), and other organizations have published criteria that are meant to guide the dental professional in decision-making regarding appropriate radiographic imaging (Table 2-5). Thes... | Dental | null |
6e2023c6-1d32-4134-8af5-85dae800c526 | Drug of choice for controlling severe pain in cancer patient is: | Morphine | Diclofenac | Ibuprofen | Codiene | 0a | single | Ref: Katzung 10/e p449 Opioids like morphine can be used to treat severe pain associated with terminal cancers. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
a4883d61-0198-46e9-82df-33df29c9930c | Inversion and eversion of foot occur at which joint | Subtalar | Tibiotalar | Inferior tibiofibular | Ankle | 0a | single | Joint Movement Subtalar joint Inversion and Eversion of foot Ankle joint hinge - like dorsiflexion & plantar flexion of foot on leg Inferior tibiofibular joint Permits slight movements, so that lateral malleolus can rotate laterally during dorsiflexion of ankle Tibiotalar joint hinge joint contributes to plantar & dors... | Anatomy | DNB 2018 |
cf56589e-dfb1-478a-a10d-ce3cf3ab7c9e | Cochleate uterus is | Large uterus | Acute anteflexion | Acute retroflexion | Large cervix | 1b | single | Cochleate uterus: A small adult uterus with a conical cervix and a body that is small, globular, and acutely flexed. ref - pubmed.com | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
7c05e9d2-77e0-42ab-88fa-c302c6ca11e5 | The study of tooth prints is also called as | Dermatoglyphics | Ameloglyphics | Dentinoglyphics | Cementoglyphics | 1b | multi | null | Pathology | null |
31cf8f91-daad-41e5-a8f1-9e01d033bac5 | H.parainfluenzae requires which of the following factors | Only Factor X | Only Factor V | Both factor X and V | None of the above | 0a | multi | H.influenzae, H.haemolyticus, and H.aegyptius: requires both factor X and VH.parainfluenzae, H.parahaemolyticus, and H.paraphrophilus: Requires only factor VH.aphrophilus: Doesn't require both factors(Ref: Ananthanarayan 9th edition, p328) | Pathology | All India exam |
11be9067-25b0-47c8-9662-6fa34aa50b57 | Which of the following is not a maxillary major connector: | Closed horseshoe major connector. | Continuous clasp. | Palatal plate. | None of the above. | 1b | multi | null | Dental | null |
1901d31b-fcd9-4bef-8d76-06e646f65344 | H type tracheo-esophageal fistula occur in | <1% | 5% | 8% | 12% | 1b | single | The H type fistula occurs in 8% of cases. Type A Oesophageal atresia without TOF (8%) Both segments communicate with trachea. 2. Type B Oesophageal atresia with proximal TOF (1%) Blind proximal segment of oesophagus connects with trachea by fistula. Distal end is blind 3. Type C Oesophageal atresia with distal TOF (84%... | Surgery | null |
fe2ea54d-7c13-4f0c-a2ce-6b768061c5e1 | Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is associated with malignancy of which lineage : | T cell | B cell | Pre B cell | Pre T cell | 1b | single | Answer is B (B cell type) The diagnosis of typical B cell CLL should be considered in a patient presenting with an autoimmune hemolytic anemia or autoimmune thrombocvtopenia. - Autoimmune hemolytic. anemia (AIHA) and Lymphoid maliknancies Autoimune hemolytic anemias may be seen in association with Leukemias specially o... | Medicine | null |
7dabebc1-1c7e-410c-aa84-2cd0f8109f5f | Left Umbilical vein becomes: | Ligamentum teres | Ligamentum venosum | Medial umbilical ligament | Ligamentum aeriosum | 0a | single | Ligamentum teres | Anatomy | null |
42638c22-3379-4215-8bf0-bf79e1dd5d7f | Negative skived distribution has | Mean = median = mode | Mean > median > mode | Mode > median > mean | No correlation | 2c | single | Normal distribution has ⇒ Mean - Median = mode.
Positive skewed distribution or Right side skewed has ⇒ Mean > median > mode.
Negative / deft side skewed distribution has ⇒ Mean < median < mode. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
928ffb3a-0260-4333-a2dd-3855e758a1da | IUCD is made up of- | Nickel | Strontium | Copper | Polyethylane | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Polyethylane o On first look at the question, copper comes in the mind first because most commonly used name for IUCD is copper-T (Cu-T). o But copper is not the answer. o IUCD devices are usually made of polyethylene or other polymer; in addition, the medicated or bioactive IUDs release either metal ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7f071c44-3c3f-49ad-bd53-c772552a59ce | Intermediate hosts for toxoplasma are all except- | Human | Sheep | Cat | Pig | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cat Toxoplasma gondiio Toxoplasmosis is the disease caused by infection with the obligate intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii.Life cvcleThere are two distinct stages in the life cycle of T gondii.1. Nonfeline stageIn this stage tissue cysts (containg bradyzoites) or sporulated oocysts are ingeste... | Microbiology | Parasitology |
ef6e27ec-6851-4a49-a297-298e6c20ef2a | IVP is contraindicated in – | Multiple myeloma | Kidney stones | Renal cyst | Transplanted kidney | 0a | single | Multiple myeloma is a relative contraindication for IVP. | Radiology | null |
47524498-d41c-43bc-b803-36fdd86aadf8 | Which of the following is the most common complication following surgery after repair of Sprengel deformity? | Infection | Brachial plexus injury | Mediastinitis | Dislocation of the shoulder | 1b | single | Sprengel deformity, or congenital elevation of the scapula, associated with the restriction in the motion of the scapula and glenohumeral joint. Brachial plexus injury is the most common and severe complication following surgery for Sprengel deformity. To avoid brachial plexus injuries several authors have recommended ... | Orthopaedics | Shoulder and arm injuries |
403f55b2-0949-4663-bea2-c17f0a7c2be7 | Bell's palsy patient comes on day 3. Treatment given would be: | Intratympanic steroids | Oral steroids + vitamin B complex | Oral steroids + Acyclovir | Vasodilators + vitamin B complex | 2c | single | (c) Oral steroids + Acyclovir is the best answer.(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2621)Antiviral has to be started within 3 days. Since the patient has presented on the 3rd day, acyclovir should also be started here along with the steroids.If the patient comes after 3 days he should be given only the steroid and vitamin B.Intr... | ENT | Facial Nerve And Its Disorders |
7c528c33-01f4-42f7-8702-e192b374e4f1 | Posterior glenohumeral instability is tested by | Crank test | Jerk test | Sulcus test | Fulcrum test | 1b | single | Answer: b) Jerk testSulcus Sign. Downward traction is applied to the arm while the shoulder is held in 0 degrees of abduction, neutral rotation, and 0 degrees of flexion/extension. The acromiohumeral interval is measured to assess inferior glenohumeral laxity.Rotator Interval Test. While performing the sulcus test, ext... | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around Shoulder |
14738634-4f10-4c96-9463-c61c2654ea90 | Most common tumor producing osteoblastic metastasis? | Kidney | Lung | Prostate | Thyroid | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Prostate Osteolytic bone metastases Osteoblastic bone metastasis Mixed osteolytic-osteoblastic Renal (kidney) Thyroid Ewing's sarcoma Uterine carcinoma GIT cancers & Hepatoma Wilm's tumors Myeloma Melonoma & SCC Malignant pheochromocytoma Prostate (most common) Prostate (most common) Medullary carcino... | Surgery | null |
eb5508a6-6ae5-4f6f-aae4-935f74e91b06 | In benign intracranial hypeension- | here is a restriction of upgaze | Normal ventricles is found in 50% of cases | Brain scan in impoant in young woman to exclude sagittal sinus thrombosis | Optic nerve fenestration should be performed early before the Vision is affected | 2c | single | Dural sinus thrombosis (DST) is a life threatening illness and is often overlooked but it must be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with a significant headache. DST presents similarly to benign intracranial hypeension (BIH) with intracranial hypeension and headache. A case of a 23 year ol... | Medicine | C.N.S |
8ad0377f-77af-4e48-8af3-ff08095575a1 | 20-year-old male complaints of repeatedly changes in glasses, may result into; | Keratoconus | Pathological myopia | Glaucoma | Cataract | 0a | single | KERATOCONUS Non -Inflammatory central corneal thinning Young male with constantly changing power of glasses with myopia & high cylinder SIGNS IN KERATOCONUS Munson sign. Enlarged corneal nerves-lower lid indentation on downgaze. Oil droplet reflex. Rizutti's sign- Acute Hydrops - aqueous accumulated in stroma Fleischer... | Anatomy | FMGE 2019 |
74446ec4-3d12-4b4f-8659-8e27e44fc980 | The most common cause of SVC syndrome is - | Thrombosis | Extrinsic compression | Mediastinal lymphoma | Teratoma | 1b | single | null | Pathology | null |
ebed014f-ba7f-4259-898f-e105cf10757e | Ketogenic amino acids are all except- | Leucine | Lysine | Tryptophan | Histidine | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Histidine o Leucine and Lysine - Pure ketogenico Tryptophan - Glycogenic and ketogenico Hitidine - Pure glucogenicGlucogenicKetogenicBoth glucogenic & ketogenico Alanineo Arginineo Aspargineo Aspartic acido Cysteineo Glutamineo Glutamic acido Glycineo Histidineo Methionineo Prolineo Serineo Threonineo... | Biochemistry | Amino Acids Basics |
f345c1c2-0a68-41f8-a1c8-805cb5c8f6b5 | Pehes disease etiology is? | Pyogenic | Tubercular | Traumatic | Unknown | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Unknown PEHE'S DISEASE (LEGG-CALVE PEHE'S DISEASE) Pehe's disease is also known as osteochondritis deformans juvenilis or Coxa piano or Pseudocoxalgia. Pehe's disease is an osteochondritis of the epiphysis of the femoral head (capital femoral epiphysis). In the disease, the femoral head becomes paly o... | Surgery | null |
ae033be6-d5c4-4166-9299-494d9c065927 | Which of the following drug is a direct inhibitor of clotting factor Xa? | Apixaban | Argatroban | Fondaparinux | Aspirin | 0a | single | Impoant ones are: - (1) Rivaroxaban (2) Apixaban (3) Edoxaban (4) Betrixaban (a) Argatroban - Direct thrombin inhibitor (synthetic non-peptide compound which binds reversibly to the catalytic site of thrombin but not to the substrate recognition site) (b) Fondaparinux - Indirect thrombin inhibitor. (d)Aspirin - Inhibit... | Pharmacology | Hematology |
fa3d3fb9-34f5-44ea-b53b-469d213ba174 | The drug of choice for obsessive-compulsive disorder is | Imipramine | Fluoxetine | Chlorpromazine | Benzodiazepine | 1b | single | Drug Treatment in obsessive-compulsive disorder: 1. Benzodiazepines (e.g. alprazolam, clonazepam) have a limited role in controlling anxiety 2. Antidepressants: Clomipramine (75-300 mg/day), a nonspecific serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI), was the first drug used effectively in the treatment of OCD. Fluoxetine (20-80 ... | Psychiatry | Anxiety disorders stress disorders and grief |
fcecec8f-25ad-4156-9f25-1d7f6f841446 | NO is released by - | Neutrophills | Macrophages | Endothelial cells | Lymphocytes | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Endothelial cells o The most important physiological source of NO is endothelial cells.o Nitric oxide, also called endothelium-derived-relaxing factor (EDRF), is formed from amino acid arginine, by the action of the enzyme NO synthase, which is cytosolic.o NO acts as short lived biological messenger b... | Pathology | Miscellaneous (Blood Vessels) |
031fff93-8bf1-4c64-a748-110e0dd4ec9c | Brunner's glands are seen in: | Jejunum | Upper duodenum | Lower duodenum | Appendix | 1b | single | An extensive array of compound mucous glands, called Brunner's glands, is located in the submucosa of the first few centimeters of the duodenum, mainly between the pylorus of the stomach and the papilla of Vater These glands secrete large amounts of alkaline (pH 9) mucus. | Physiology | Gastrointestinal System |
938d09b9-d3a3-4468-bb33-0a35f5fe4590 | Which of the following has both endocrine and exocrine functions? | Pancreas | Thyroid | Spleen | Kidney | 0a | multi | Ans: a (Pancreas)Pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions.There are 4 distinct types of pancreatic cells in human.A cells (alpha) - GlucagonB cells (beta) - InsulinD cells (delta) - SomatostatinF cells - Pancreatic polypeptide D1 cells - VIPEndocrine pancreas secretes hormones -glucagon, insulin and somatosta... | Physiology | Endocrinology and Reproduction |
8fb5aeab-be77-45ec-992e-04e449a62ea1 | As the sample size increases standard deviation | Decreases | Increases | Remains the same | may increase or decrease | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
5a527f39-cb8f-43f5-a3c4-3515289c4346 | Residual auditory defect is a common complication in meningitis caused by | Staphylococcus | Meningococcus | Escherichia coli | Haemophilus influenzae | 3d | single | Residual auditory defect is caused by Haemophilus meningitis .so BERA is the investigation of choice done in them. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | Pediatrics | Central Nervous system |
f8daa68c-611b-4814-bf0a-92ef86fced84 | Which of the following transpo processes is passive? | Co-transpo of Na+ ion and a molecule into cell | Exchange of K+ ion outside the cell for Na+ ion inside the cell | Flow of H2O through cell membrane by osmosis | Uptake of molecules into cell by endocytosis | 2c | single | Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane from a region of Lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. It is passive in nature. (REF: TEXTBOOK OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY GEETHA N 2 EDITION, PAGE NO - 3) | Physiology | General physiology |
189663f9-fa01-48a4-9ee0-0a330988485f | If the bih weight is 3 kg by the end of one year of age. It should become: | 6 Kg | 9 Kg | 12 Kg | 15 Kg | 1b | single | Average bih weight in India: 2.8 Kg (2.7-2.9 Kg) BW doubles at 5 months, triples by 1 year and quadraples by 2 years age So, BW of 3 Kg will become 6 Kg, 9 Kg and 12 Kg at 5 months, 1 year and 2 years age respectively. Weight gain Pattern in Children Age Weight increments 0-3 months 200 grams per week 4-6 months 150 gr... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Maternal and child care |
720779c6-45d6-40c9-a6b6-aecfd7cf80b1 | Dr. Shweta decided to add a progestin for 10–12 days each month to estrogen replacement therapy in menopausal women in the gynaecology OPD. Addition of progestin is recommended because the progestin: | Blocks the increased risk of myocardial infarction due to estrogen | Blocks the increased risk of endometrial carcinoma due to estrogen | Reverses vulval atrophy occurring pausal women | Enhances the metabolic benefits of estrogen treatment | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
29698650-50c9-4c4c-80ba-8b183a918425 | Which of the following needle is used for irrigation? | 23 | 25 | 27 | 29 | 2c | single | null | Dental | null |
60d6da3e-9a57-4c0f-ace7-25b96d50db98 | "Anhedonia" means | Lack of interest | Panic attacks | Phobic attack | Mood swings | 0a | single | Defined as the inability to experience pleasure from activities usually found enjoyableAnhedonia can be characteristic of:Mood disordersSchizoaffective disorderBorderline personality disorderSchizoid personality disorderSchizophreniaRef: Ahuja 5/e p56, 58 | Medicine | All India exam |
9d01e306-5d20-468a-aa74-5d4454b83ca2 | All of the following show genu recurvatum, except | Perthe's disease | Rheumatoid arthritis | Poliomyelitis | Rickets | 0a | multi | null | Orthopaedics | null |
741abce9-8825-459c-958f-946f7a217aff | The role of htirnan placental lactogen is : | Stimulate milk production | Fetal breast development | Growth of fetus | Endocrine regulation | 2c | single | Growth of fetus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
15842e21-3e92-414a-b872-80bb9e8da2e9 | A 29-year-old man notes burning pain on urination with a urethral discharge that has persisted for 3 days. A sample of the exudate is positive by ELISA for Chlamydia trachomatis. The man has increasing stiffness of the knees and ankles and lower back pain 3 weeks later. A radiograph of the lumbar spine shows narrowing ... | ANCA | ANA | HLA-B27 genotype | Anti-Borrelia antibodies | 2c | single | The combination of nongonococcal urethritis, arthritis, and conjunctivitis suggests reactive arthritis, one of the spondyloarthropathies; the changes in the spine can resemble ankylosing spondylitis and can be equally debilitating. ANCA is indicative of various forms of vasculitis, such as granulomatous vasculitis and ... | Pathology | Misc. |
d2fd4a15-aedd-420c-a8c2-2a293156850f | A man presents with multiple painless swelling all over the body and coffee brown patches in trunk. The condition is | Multiple Lipoma | Multiple neurofibroma | Melanoma | Sebaceous Cyst | 1b | multi | Ans. (b) Multiple NeurofibromaRef: Bailey and Love 26th edition Page 581* Neurofibromatosis is a condition arising from Schwann cells.* 2 types are seen* 70% are Autosomal Dominant, 30% are sporadic.* NF 1 (Von Recklinghausen) is the MC type.* It is due to Gene mutation of Chromosome 17* Skin manifestation develop in e... | Surgery | Nervous System |
f70895c6-3d0f-403d-98ac-72ae983b2741 | A pre-natal USG showed bilateral hydronephrosis in a male fetus. A repeat USG scan done few days later showed bilateral hydronephrosis with full bladder with reduced amniotic fluid. Emergency Caesarean Section was conducted. What is the FIRST likely investigation for the newborn? | Ultrasonography | Micturating Cystourethrogram | DMSA Scan | Renal Doppler | 1b | single | Next Step: Diagnosis by demonstration of posterior urethral valves. Posterior urethral valves, the most common obstructive urethral lesions in infants and newborns, occur only in males and are found at the distal prostatic urethra. Demonstration of urethral valves on a voiding cystourethrogram establishes the diagnosis... | Surgery | null |
529b4441-5737-4e81-8a6e-e17ab096714a | A patient with 8 cm x 8 cm abscess in right lobe of liver was treated with aspiration multiple times (3 times) and with systemic amebicide. Now cavity is remaining in right lobe of liver but there is nothing in the cavity. Seven days course of luminal amebicides is given. How will you follow up? | Stool examination only | USG weekly for 1 month followed by monthly USG till 1 year | USG weekly for 3 months followed by CT scan at 3 months. | USG or CT scan monthly and stool examination weekly | 1b | single | Ans. b. USG weekly for 1 month followed by monthly USG till 1 year (Ref: Sabiston 19/e p1445-1447; Schwartz 9/e p1115-1116; Bailey 25/e p1095; Blumgart 5/e p1016-1024; Shackelford 7/e p1471-1478)In uncomplicated cases of amebic liver abscess, follow-up is done with ultrasound.Role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and tre... | Medicine | Parasitology |
130108d4-1f40-48a0-92a9-aea19c2856c3 | Placentamegaly is diagnosed on USG if size of placenta is more near: | 25 mm | 30 mm | 35 mm | 40 mm | 3d | single | Ans is d, i.e. 40 mmPlacental thickness increases by 1 mm/week. If placental thickness is more than 40 mm at term, it is called as placentomegaly | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Fetus Placenta & Fetal Membrane |
17b50e82-d7de-4848-b6bb-826fbf5e737f | Gross hematuria can be seen in: | IgA nephropathy | Sickle cell disease | Both IgA nephropathy and sickle cell disease | MPGN | 2c | multi | Patients with glomerular disease have hematuria with proteinuria. Hematuria is asymptomatic. 3-5 red blood cells in the first-voided morning urine is suspicious. Patients will not realize the microscopic hematuria, and only rarely gross hematuria present The exceptions are IgA nephropathy and sickle cell disease in bot... | Medicine | null |
792aee51-f569-446f-939f-e2c1d96eef94 | Association fibers are: | Uncinate fasciculus | Cingulum | Superior longitudinal fasciculus | All | 3d | multi | A i.e. Uncinate fasciculus; B i.e. Cingulum; C i.e. Superior longitudinal fasciculus | Anatomy | null |
6b18844c-4c26-4a53-b27d-6729bf10ab50 | Which gland is derived from foramen caecum? | Pituitary | Thyroid | Thymus | Parathyroid | 1b | single | The site of origin of the thyroglossal duct is foramen caecum. It grows down in the midline into the neck. Its tip soon bifurcates. Proliferation of the cells of this bifid end gives rise to the two lobes of the thyroid. Ref: Textbook of Human Embryology Inderbir Singh 6th Ed Page 119. | Anatomy | null |
3066bba2-40d7-4b4a-8c56-ee0f5bce2378 | Which of the following causes mesenteric lymphadenitis? | Adenovirus | Campylobacter | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis | All of the above | 3d | multi | d. All of the above(Ref: Nelson 20/e p 1405-6, 1611)Acute appendicitis, mesenteric lymphadenitis & ileocolitis have been reported in patients who have had appendectomies during C. jejuni infection.Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is most often associated with mesenteric lymphadenitis.Human Adenovirus may also cause mesenter... | Pediatrics | General Considerations - Infectious Diseases |
bd9752ed-fa68-455f-b7d1-14229152a123 | A diabetic patient is undergoing dialysis. Aspiration done around the knee joint would show | A beta 2 microglobulin | AA | AL | Lactoferrin | 0a | single | ClinicoPathologic Category Associated diseases Major Fibril protein Related precursor protein SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS Immunocyte dyscrasias with amyloidosis (primary) Multiple myeloma AL Ig light chain, l Reactive systemic amyloidosis (secondary) c/c inflammation AA SAA Hemodialysis-associated CRF Ab2m B2-microglobulin He... | Pathology | General pathology |
04b82bc6-8171-4f9b-bb18-005180eb0a58 | Eustachian tube opens in middle ear in | Floor | Anterior wall | Superior wall | Posterior wall | 1b | multi | The anterior wall is narrow due to approximation of the medial and lateral walls, and because of descent of the roof. The uppermost pa of the anterior wall bears the opening of the canal for the tensor tympani. The middle pa has the opening of the auditory tube. the inferior pa of the wall is formed by a thin plate of ... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
8a3587f7-0e3b-4989-9eb4-86f61b1a2b5e | Best fertility result in- | Bicomuate | Unicomuate | Septate | Arcuate | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Arcuate Delivery rate and uterine malformationso The overall term delivery rate with uterine malformations is poorer and obstetrical complicaions are more common.o Arcuate uterus has the best reproductive outcome with the live birth rates similar to normal uterio The live birth rate with septate and b... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Uterus |
a5cc8765-fc40-4231-836d-295e3290e8e2 | FDA approved the use of modafinil as an adjunct in | Sleep apnea | Narcolepsy | Depression with lethargy | Tourette's syndrome | 0a | single | For obstructive sleep apnea the treatment of choice: Continuous positive airway pressure.Adjunct: Modafinil which is a sympathomimetic agonist for alpha and beta receptors.Ref: | Pharmacology | Respiratory system |
af13a4be-e6be-4346-8901-9c59f66ca78a | A 50 years old female with 50 kg body weight suffered from burns after pressure cooker blast, involving 45% of total body surface area. How much fluid should be given in first 8 hours? | 4 litres | 5 litres | 6 litres | 4.5 litres | 3d | single | Resuscitation formulas Formula Crystalloid volume Colloid Volume Free water Parkland 4 mL / Kg per % TBSA None None Brooke 1.5 mL/Kg per % TBSA burn 0.5 mL/Kg per % TBSA burn 2.0 L Galveston (Pediatric) 5000 mL/m2 burned area + 1500 mL/m2 total area None None Parkland Formula: Calculates disease fluid to be replaced in... | Surgery | Burns |
7bc7a30a-81a7-4fba-a8cc-a1c66fa4b217 | Metabolic alkalosis leads to? | Low potassium | High calcium | Low I2 trapping by follicular cells | High I2 trapping by follicular cells | 0a | single | null | Medicine | Electrolyte Imbalance |
8aee4393-ebb1-404a-8b61-1d6c0fa2c3ad | A 40 yr old patient with a single kidney presents with a solitary exophytic mass of 4 cm localized at its lower pole. Which amongst the following is the best recommended management option: | Radical nephrectomy | Radical nephrectomy with dialysis | Radical nephrectomy with renal transplantation | Paial nephrectomy | 3d | multi | Ans is 'd' i.e. Paial nephrectomy Paial nephrectomy is the preferred surgical approach for a small ( Paial nephrectomy should be considered in the following clinical situations: Renal masses less than 4cm (T1) Localized mass in a patient with a single kidney or with compromised renal function. Synchronous bilateral ren... | Surgery | null |
c0bf082b-4fae-46de-88d9-539ec5391c4c | A child has respiratory distress, chest X-ray shows multiple air-filled space, the differential diagnosis is all except – | Congenital lung cyst | Congenital diaphragmatic hernia | Congenital lobar aplasia of lung | Congenital adenomatous malformation | 2c | multi | Congenital lobar aplasia does not produce air-filled spaces on chest X-ray. All other three options produce air-filled space on chest X-ray. | Radiology | null |
2318fb90-bbb9-406e-8f30-811c602b8052 | The long acting classical H1 antihistaminic include which of the following ? | Chlorpheniramine | Astemizole | Cetirizine | Clemastine | 0a | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
d1cd03b9-992c-425a-a0d9-c71f6ce0e16a | The most common disorder associated with Panic Attack is | OCD | Post-traumatic stress disorder | Depression | Schzophrenia | 1b | single | (B) Post-traumatic stress disorder# 17 symptoms have been identified that make up PTSD.> These 17 symptoms are divided into three separate clusters.> Three PTSD symptom clusters, and the specific symptoms that make up these clusters, are described below.> Re-Experiencing Symptoms Frequently having upsetting thoughts or... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
a61a6f9f-2626-472a-be3b-3bc0bfad96c5 | All statement about Plummer Winson Syndrome are true except - | Commonly leads to carcinoma in lower third of esophagus | Common with iron deficiency | Common in females | Premalignant | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Commonly leads to carcinoma in lower third of esophagusPlummer-Vinson syndromeo Plummer-Vinson syndrome, also known as Brown-Kelly-Paterson syndrome or sederopenic dysphagia, seen in middle aged edentulous women.o The plummer Vinsion Paterson Brown Kelly Syndrome is characterized by: -DysphagiaChronic... | ENT | Oesophagus |
e31ca6c1-c52d-4e2d-8e54-a69355abfc19 | In chronic diabetics the value of TG and VLDL are more because | Increased in activity of hepatic lipase | Increase in peripheral function of LDL receptors | Increased activity of lipoprotein lipase and decreased activity of hormone sensitive lipase | Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase and decreased lipoprotein lipase activity | 3d | single | Insulin Activates Lipoprotein lipase Inhibits Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) In diabetic condition opposite will occur, i.e. Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase and decreased lipoprotein lipase activity. Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase Catabolic activity of Fatty acid in Blood | Biochemistry | Lipoproteins |
bb59f36b-bb8d-4ea8-bbb2-b107487496e6 | Marcus Gunn jaw-winking phenomenon due to relation between which cranial nerves | VII & VIII | III & V | V & VI | III & VI | 1b | single | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no. 505) *Marcus Gunn phenomenon (a.k.a Marcus Gunn jaw-Winking or Trigemino-oculomotor synkineses) *It is an autosomal-dominant condition with incomplete penetrance, in which nursing infants will have rhythmic upward jerking of their upper eyelid *This co... | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
6ed7f105-71b2-44c1-a298-485afb6b5845 | In a patient of syncope the pupils are | Constricted | Constricted and non- reacting to light | Dilated-fixed and non-reacting to light | Dilated and fixed | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
b8e48688-5b8e-4933-8937-01399f3fa37c | Nasopharyngeal carcinoma presents as -a) Epistaxisb) Mass in neckc) Headached) Vertigo | ac | a | ad | ab | 3d | single | null | ENT | null |
4575082f-0020-40f0-bd59-6492ae1048bb | Not a pa of Kangaroo Mother Care | Skin to skin contact | Exclusive breast feeding | Early discharge | Nutritional supplements | 3d | single | Ref:Park's Text book of Preventive and Social Medicine 25th ed | Social & Preventive Medicine | obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics |
7e48bc9e-dfc8-46bd-b3ad-7ac999ea4435 | Fungus causing hair skin and nail infection is? | T. rubrum | E. floculossum | M. Canis | M. Ayouni | 0a | single | Ans. (a) T. rubrumRef : Ananthnarayan 8/e, p 604, jawetz 24/e, ch 45 Table 45-2, Rook's 7/e, p 36.33 | Skin | Dermatophytosis |
8405519d-7015-4ee9-b432-6e9c312156e8 | Exhibitionism is - | Shameless exposure of genitals | Exhibiting one's possessions | A type of mania | Not a sexual persuasion | 0a | single | Exposure of one's genital organs to strangers or others is called exhibitionism. | Psychiatry | null |
41ace6f5-aa0e-4b77-b112-8d71b7056e21 | Rokitansky Protuberance is associated with - | Seminoma | Leomyoma | Dermoid cyst | Choriocarcinoma | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dermoid cyst Rokitansky protuberanceo The inner lining of every mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) contains single or multiple white shiny masses projecting from the wall toward the center of the cysts. When hair, other dermal appendages, bone and teeth are present, they usually arise from this pro... | Pathology | Characteristics and Epidemiology of Neoplasia |
383a70ee-c802-49e5-916e-72d7a5b10dd5 | A 12 week anomaly scan of 29 year old lady,revealed foetal malformation. On fuher investigation it was found she had taken some vitamin supplements. Which of the following is most likely to be responsible for the foetal defects? | Vit A | Vit B | Vit E | Vit C | 0a | single | Retinoic acid is a known human teratogen. There is extreme susceptibility for teratogenicity in 3rd to 9th week. Retinoic acid causes changes in HOX gene expression. Note: Valproate also cause disruption of HOX gene expression. Ref: Robbins Basic Pathology, Edition 8, Page 256 | Pathology | null |
07ef5b20-2b5f-46b6-acc1-0adfdeeefe9f | 30 year old female with partial seizure. Drug of choice: | Phenytoin | Na+ valproate | Phenobarbitone | Carbamazepine | 3d | single | Ans. (d) CarbamazepineRef. Harrison's 19th ed. / 2552* Given the choices the answer will be Carbamazepine* According to Harrisons 19th ed. the current recommendable drug for GTCS is LAMOTRIGINE > Carbamazepine | Pharmacology | Epilepsy |
050ae533-8e30-4d7d-b660-cadc348e40ef | Relaxation of which of these joints in pregnancy can cause waddling gait? | Knee joint | Symphysis | Sacrococcygeal joint | Interveebral joint | 1b | single | The joint between the two pubic bones is the pubic symphysis. It is not a stable joint. They have limited motion but do become more mobile and even separate a bit during pregnancy. The relaxation is attributed to the hormone relaxin. This is a pa of maternal adaptation for accomodation of the fetus in the pelvis during... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Maternal Anatomy and Physiology |
369ba010-d93d-4446-8f30-579f3c733b28 | Pearl Index of SAHEIL | 2/HWY | 14/HWY | 0.1/HWY | 9/HWY | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
36e46b65-0fca-4531-b76e-57f07d869115 | Karyotyping under light microscopy is | L Banding | G banding | C Banding | FUdR banding | 1b | single | B i.e. G banding [Ref: Nagesh Rao: Human genetics | Biochemistry | null |
7ce09486-c18f-4ba7-a318-22d3307df61d | If patient is on follow up with you, after a enucleating of an painful blind eye. After you enucleating the eyeball, a proper sized aificial prosthetic why is advanced after an post operative treatment | About 10 days | About 20 days | 6-8 week | 12 -24 weeks | 0a | multi | After enucleation, we put orbital implants. We wait for the inflammation to subside 1.e around 10 days. If hudroxyappatite implant is to be put, it can even be done on same sitting Refer khurana 6/e p 420 | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
ef6930eb-9134-4709-866e-9a9b1bbc4e32 | If 90% of jejunum and ilium is removed then all of the following features will be seen except - | Steatorrhoea | Diarrhoea | Weight gain | Megaloblastic anemia | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Weight gain Short bowel syndromeo Is the malabsorptive condition that arises secondary to removal of significant segments of the small intestineo The MC causes are Mesentric infarction, Crohns ds, Trauma * Changes seen in Terminal ileal resection# Resection of terminal ileum results in malabsorption o... | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Small & Large Intestine) |
e3f9ddae-aadb-4426-a9b8-71dd0bc6347f | All are true about Thoracolumbar fascia except - | Attached to spinous process of lumbar vertebra | Attached to transverse process of lumbar vertebra | The fascia lies posterior to posterior abdominal wall muscles. | Gives attachment to Transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles | 2c | multi | Thoracolumbar fascia
- Lumbar part extends between the 12th rib and iliac crest.
- It has 3 layers
Anterior layer
Attachment - Anterior surface of the transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
Position - anterior to quadratus lumborum
Middle layer
Attachment - the Transverse process of lumbar vertebrae
... | Anatomy | null |
9aad3417-04c4-439f-b08b-3ffe5eac436b | Dennie–Morgan fold is seen in – | Dermatomyositis | SLE | Psoriasis vulgaris | Atopic dermatitis | 3d | single | Denny Morgan fold is extra fold of skin beneath lower eye lid which is seen in atopic dermatitis. | Dental | null |
a4984b38-2122-42ea-bbb9-8d2c4fb27f39 | A double aoic arch is due to persistency of the following segment: | Right dorsal aoa | Left dorsal aoa | Right primitive atrium | Left primitive atrium | 0a | single | Double aoic arch is the result of persistence and continued patency of the segment of the right dorsal aoa between the origin of the right seventh intersegmental aery and its junction with the left dorsal aoa. Affected infants have a characteristic inspiratory and expiratory wheeze, stridor, or crouplike cough. Echocar... | Anatomy | null |
65c6eacf-56d5-46fc-aad2-fa34d80614df | Testicular tumor associated with high HCG level is? | Choriocarcinoma | Seminoma | Endodermal sinus tumour | All of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a i.e., Choriocarcinoma Testicular tumorTumor markersSeminoma* Placental alkaline phosphatase, keratin* Classical seminomas are negative for HCG, but 7-15% may be positive for HCGEmbryonal carcinoma* HCG, AFPYolk sac tumor* AFP, a-1 antitrypsinChoriocarcinoma* HCG | Pathology | Male Genital Tract |
cf9e7460-3d38-48c8-b5b8-4421540bf144 | A client is undergoing peritoneal dialysis. The dialysate dwell time is completed, and the dwell clamp is opened to allow the dialysate to drain. The nurse notes that the drainage has stopped and only 500 ml has drained; the amount the dialysate instilled was 1,500 ml. Which of the following interventions would be done... | Change the client’s position. | Call the physician | Check the catheter for kinks or obstruction. | Clamp the catheter and instill more dialysate at the next exchange time | 2c | multi | The first intervention should be to check for kinks and obstructions because that could be preventing drainage. After checking for kinks, have the client change position to promote drainage. Don’t give the next scheduled exchange until the dialysate is drained because abdominal distention will occur, unless the output ... | Pathology | null |
82068b66-3c13-4b3c-a225-71ac4ac0b3d2 | Nerve to pterygoid canal is formed from | Deep petrosal nerve + greater petrosal nerve | Facial nerve | Lesser superficial petrosal nerve | Lesser petrosal nerve | 0a | single | In the anterior pa of the foramen lacerum, the greater petrosal nerve unites with the deep petrosal nerve to form the nerve of the pterygoid canal which leaves the foramen by entering the pterygoid canal in the anterior wall of the foramen lacerum. Ref: BD Chaurasia's HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition. | Anatomy | Head and neck |
aef3c16c-d3ec-475d-9786-38786a9f8489 | The primary direct stimulus for excitation of central chemoreceptors regulating ventilation is: | Increased H+ | Increased CO2 | Increased O2 | Decreased CO2 | 0a | single | . Ans. a. Increased H+ The primary direct stimulus for central chemoreceptors is increased H+ concentration in the CSF and brain interstitial fluid."The primary direct stimulus for central chemoreceptors is increased H+ concentration in the CSF and brain interstitial fluid. But the cone: in the brain parallels the arte... | Physiology | Regulation of Respiration |
7b27473b-3778-4282-9165-989eb5e97d0f | Which of the following contribute in polypeptide synthesis: | Leader sequence | Enhancer | tRNA | ncRNA | 1b | single | Enhancer is the cis-acting DNA sequence that increases the rate of inhibition of transcription of eukaryotic genes by RNA polymerase. Leader sequence: The untranslated segment of mRNA before the sta codon. Ref: Harper, 28th Edition, Page 343 | Biochemistry | null |
417b1d7d-8e6a-460f-8bdb-b5382e3ab6d7 | Leisch nodules are seen in | SLE | Rheumatoid arthritis | Neurofibromatosis type I | Ankylosing spondylitis | 2c | single | (C) Neurofibromatosis type I # NEUROFIBROMATOSIS TYPES# TYPE 1 (NF-1) Peripheral neurofibromatosis Von Recklinghausen's disease Incidence 1 in 3 000 Gene on long arm of chromosome 17> Diagnostic criteria: Devised by National Institute of Health in 1987 Require 2 or more of the following> Cafe au lait spots 6 or more >5... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
47068619-042b-480d-8c80-797026ce18fe | Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of Colchicine in Acute Gout? | Inhibition of chemotactic Factors | Tubulin binding and inhibition of leukocyte migration | Enhanced metabolism of Urate crystals | Enhanced excretion of Uric acid | 1b | single | Colchicine produces its anti-inflammatory effects by binding to the intracellular protein tubulin, thereby preventing its polymerization into microtubules and leading to the inhibition of leukocyte migration. Colchicine-treated neutrophils develop a &;drunken walk&;. Colchicine is neither a uricosuric nor an analgesic ... | Pharmacology | Other topics and Adverse effects |
7faee676-e4f6-4ab5-bb44-8bba9d13334d | A S2, S3, S4 lesion bilaterally can cause which of the followingmanifestations? | Painless menses | Painless Labour | Inability to abduct her thigh | Rectal incontinence | 3d | multi | Note the distribution of S2-S4 nerve. The S2, S3, S4 innervation, if damaged at the level of the spinal cord, is most likely to produce incontinence of bladder or bowel. Pain of the vaginal delivery arises from stimuli from the lower genital tract. These are transmitted primarily through the pudendal nerve, the periphe... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Labour - II |
adc41c6d-688b-4fb8-8607-4f2ff3b87814 | Which of the following groups of proteins assist in the folding of other proteins ? | Proteases | Proteosomes | Templates | Chaperones | 3d | single | Ans-D | Unknown | null |
53b32500-2c72-49ce-b602-82d2d18ff5b7 | A 60-kg, 53-year-old man with no significant medical problems undergoes lysis of adhesions for a small-bowel obstruction. Postoperatively, he has high nasogastric output and low urine output. What is the most appropriate management of his fluids? | Infusion of D5 0.45% normal saline at 100 mL/h | Infusion of D5 0.9% normal saline at 100 mL/h | Infusion of D5 lactated Ringer at 100 mL/h | Replacement of nasogastric tube losses with lactated Ringer in addition to maintenance fluids | 3d | multi | This postoperative patient requires replacement of nasogastric tube losses in addition to maintenance fluids. In an otherwise healthy individual, maintenance fluids are calculated based on body weight as 4 mL/kg/h for the first 10 kg, 2 mL/kg/h for the second 10 kg, and 1 mL/kg/h for every additional kg body weight. A ... | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia |
98a560ab-754c-4afe-b614-d9cd2541257f | Which of the following statements regarding drugs used in leprosy is FALSE? | Single intramuscular injections of acedapsone maintain inhibitory levels of dapsone in tissues for upto 3 months | Monthly doses of rifampicin delay the emergence of resistance to dapsone | Clofazimine should not be given to patients who are intolerant to dapsone or who fail to improve during treatment with dapsone | Clofazimine may cause changes in the skin colour | 2c | multi | Acedapsone is a repository form of dapsone. Single i.m. injection of acedapsone keep on releasing the drug for 3 months. Rifampicin is used once in a month (supervised dose) for the treatment of leprosy. It prevents the emergence of resistance to dapsone. Clofazimine can result in skin pigmentation(reddish-black), disc... | Pharmacology | Mycobacterial Diseases (TB, Leprosy and MAC) |
1c6ae11c-cf3c-4f1e-830f-bf8a228f565e | Gelles test is done in? | Otosclerosis | Serous otitis media | Traumatic hearing loss | Age related hearing loss | 0a | single | (a) OtosclerosisRef: Dhingra Text book of ENT, 6th ed., ch-4* Gelle's test It is a test of bone conduction and examines the effect of increased air pressure i n ear canal on the hearing.* Normally, when air pressure is increased in the ear canal by Siegle's speculum, it pushes the tympanic membrane and ossicles inwards... | ENT | Ear |
2d312243-945a-43f7-bd97-d16aa2f7b35b | Antitubercular drug causing gout is: March 2005 | Streptomycin | Ethambutol | Rifampicin | None | 1b | multi | Ans. B: Ethambutol Drugs causing gout/hyperuricemia include Diuretics Low-dose salicylate Cyclosporine Pyrazinamide Ethambutol Levodopa 1 Nicotinic acid Methoxvflurane | Pharmacology | null |
873b38c6-3583-4dba-855b-adbee5ec6552 | All of the following functions are associated with myelination except | Decreases energy expenditure | Increases speed of conduction | Provide protective covering for the axon | Decreases the release of neurotransmitter from the nerve endings | 3d | multi | The main purpose of a myelin layer (or sheath) is to increase the speed at which impulses propagate along the myelinated fiber. Along unmyelinated fibers, impulses move continuously as waves, but, in myelinated fibers, they "hop" or propagate by saltatory conduction. Myelin decreases capacitance and increases electrica... | Physiology | Nervous system |
ea059e62-01d7-4a3c-b30a-4b5213ceb496 | Investigation of choice to exclude intra-abdominal bleeding in hemodynamically unstable patient is - | Diagnostic peritoneal lavage | FAST | CT Scan | X Ray | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., FAST Investigations to rule out abdominal injury in trauma patient* Investigations are driven by the cardiovascular status of the patient.* Blood loss into the abdomen can be subtle and there may be no clinical signs (blood is not an irritant and may not initially cause any abdominal pain). If stable,... | Surgery | Trauma |
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