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a83b48f3-485f-4afd-b9fd-6bcd8f39f37f | Which of the following enzyme is absent in Wolman's disease? | Cholestrol ester hydrolase | Acid hydrolase | Acyl-CoA carnitine | Acid lipase | 3d | single | Ans. D. Acid lipase (Ref. H-17th/ pg. 2454; Table 355-1)WOLMAN'S DISEASE# It is a lysosomal storage disorder, that occurs due to acid lipase deficiency.# Features: increased LDL levels, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, adrenal calcification and death in infancy itself.Disorders of Neutral LipidsDisorderEnzyme Def... | Biochemistry | Lipids |
adae8176-3142-4c7c-9710-45b6e338ab41 | Breast is a - | Endocrine gland | Modified sweat gland | Modified sebaceous gland | Holocrine gland | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Modified sweat gland o Breast is a modified sweat gland. It is the apocrine type of sweat gland. | Unknown | null |
081c1946-d513-40dd-bea2-1e68d16da82a | Which one of the following procedures is most likely to increase intraocular pressure of glaucoma patient –a) Use of atropineb) Decreased pressure in jugular veinc) High dose of vitamin Cd) Dark environmente) Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. | b | c | ad | ab | 2c | single | Any factor which dilates the pupil will precipitate the attack of acute congestive glaucoma. Such factors are dim light (watching a film in a cinema), and mydriatic drugs (atropine, tropicamide, cyclopentolate, phenylephrine).
Dilatation of the pupil increases the amount of apposition between iris and anteriorly placed... | Ophthalmology | null |
8c4733e6-2128-44e1-a0be-1377fc363a51 | Normal serum uric acid levels in males is | 3.1 - 7 mg/dl | 2.5-5.6 mg/dl | 1.2-3.3 mg/dl | 1.8-4.4 mg/dl | 0a | single | serum uric acid male 3.1-7.0 mg/dL female 2.5-5.6 mg/dL Ref: RAM DAS NAYAK EXAM PREPARATORY MANUAL FOR UNDERGRADUATES 2nd ed. pg no: 784 | Pathology | Urinary tract |
4b5fc05b-61b1-4b49-9488-e3472c515df7 | A female presented with a history of episodes of altered sensorium, involuntary movements, memory deficits and headache since the last 6 months. 4 episodes occurred during the day and 2 during sleep. She has been married since 1 year. Most likely diagnosis is- | Epilepsy | Somatization disorder | Somatoform disorder | Hypochondriasis | 0a | single | This patient has
Abnormal movements
Amnesia (memory deficit)
Episode during sleep
Amongst the given options, only epilepsy can present with a seizure during sleep. Other three options will not present as a seizure during sleep | Psychiatry | null |
d8784495-890d-40b2-999c-14faa877d565 | Best investigation for acute intestinal obstruction is: | Barium studies | X-ray | USG | ERCP | 1b | single | Diagnosis - X-ray Abdomen: Confirm the clinical suspicion and define more accurately the site of obstruction (60% diagnostic accuracy) Supine radiographs: Dilated loops of small intestine without evidence of colonic distention, diagnose site and level of obstruction. Erect radiographs: Multiple air-fluid levels, which ... | Surgery | Intestinal obstruction |
b331ec8c-1497-4ffe-90bf-21616d203bea | GemciGemitis effective in | Head and neck cancers | Pancreatic cancer | Small cell lung cancer | Soft tissue sarcoma | 1b | multi | Ref-Katzung 10/891 Gemitabine is an antimetabolite that is the drug of choice for pancreatic cancer | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects |
d2791573-0a66-4eb6-bd4f-5d9f110700a0 | Features of left side Ca colon are | Anemia | Obstruction | Altered bowel habit | Melena | 1b | single | . Patient can have de novo multiple primary carcinomas in different pas of the colon at the same time, i.e. synchronous (5-10%), or can present with growth in different pas of the colon in different periods, i.e. metachronous (10-20%). Gross types: Annular, tubular, ulcerative, cauliflower like. Annular (stenosing) typ... | Surgery | G.I.T |
0d972769-edcb-433c-bcd8-0fcb6fdc6a4a | Aphthous ulcers are known as - | Canker sores | Marjolin's ulcer | Curling's ulcer | Cushing ulcers | 0a | single | Aphthous ulcers
Also known as Canker Sores
These are superficial Ulcerations of the oral mucosa.
The lesions may be Single or multiple.
Ulceration is surrounded by an erythematous halo and is Covered by a thin exudate. | Pathology | null |
35a15496-b452-427f-bf18-20d264e26781 | All are true regarding brachial plexus injury, except | Preganglionic lesions have a better prognosis than postganglionic lesions | Erb's palsy causes paralysis of the abductors and external rotators of the shoulder | In Klumpke's palsy, Horner's syndrome may be present on the ipsilateral side | Histamine test is useful to differentiate between the preganglionic and postganglionic lesions | 0a | multi | Preganglionic lesions have a better prognosis than postganglionic lesions* o Preanlionic Brachial Plexus Injury. o - preganglionic lesions represent root avulsions from the spinal cord o - preganglionic injuries have limited spontaneous recovery; o - surgical repair is impossible (bad pregnosis as compared to post-gang... | Surgery | null |
0403d72c-ddc2-41a5-949e-258ee984157e | Ligamentum teres is remnant of - | Umbilical arteries | Left umbilical vein | Ductus-venosus | Ductus arteriosus | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Left umbilical vein o The ligament teres represents the obliterated left umbilical vein.Embryonic partRemnantsDuctus arteriosusLigamentum arteriosumUmbilical arteryProximal partSuperior vesical artery.Distal partMedial umbilical ligamentUmbilical veinLigament teresDuctus venosusLigamentum venosusSeptu... | Anatomy | Embryology |
026d9d88-1115-4b30-b7a2-cd3651809482 | Interstitial nephritis is most commonly seen with - | Methicillin | Ampicillin | Amoxycillin | Cloxacillin | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Methicillin o Hematuria, Albuminuria and reversible interstitial nephritis are the specific adverse effect of methicillin. Remember o Methicillin - Intestitial nephritis o Oxacillin - Hepatitis o Nafcillin - Neutropenia o Ampicillin - Diarrhea | Pharmacology | null |
7a0d18a7-433d-445f-b68e-695b79afe3cd | Malignant neuroleptic syndrome is caused by:March 2009 | Antidepressants | Anxiolytics | Antipsychotics | Antiepileptics | 2c | single | Ans. C: AntipsychoticsNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) refers to the combination of hypehermia, rigidity, and autonomic dysregulation that can occur as a serious complication of the use of antipsychotic drugs.The list of atypical antipsychotic drugs that may cause NMS include olanzapine, risperidone, paliperidone, ... | Psychiatry | null |
d432ca2c-435b-4c07-b5a6-3d687ad04c28 | Feathery appearance in jejunum is due to – | Valvulae conniventes | Haustrations | Luminal gas | Vascular network | 0a | single | The nervous and villous coat of the jejunum are extensive and are thrown into folds, called Valvulae conniventes which give feathery appearance in the jejunum. | Radiology | null |
781195f7-fa9b-462a-9db1-1de4f7763f96 | Daily release of ho rmonefrom mirena is - | 10 microgram | 20 microgram | 30 microgram | 40 microgram | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 20 microgram Mirena:o It is levennogesterol releasing intrauterine contraceptive device system.o It measures about 32 x 32 mm.o It has a life span of 5 yearso It contains 52 mg of levenogesterol.o It releases 20 meg/ day of levenogesterol. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Methods - Progestogen-Only Contraception |
eee23968-1660-44ba-9d12-397a2a62cdbf | In the early stage of which of the following carcinoma, no lymphatics involved: | Glottic CA | Infraglottic CA | Supraglottic CA | Hypopharyngeal CA | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Glottic CARef: Dhingra's ENT 5th ed. / 327* Most common laryngeal malignancies are squamous cell CA (90-95%).* It can be any of these three sites:Supraglottis2nd MC site. Nodal metastasis occur early. MC to middle jugular nodes Symptom: Throat pain, Dysphagia, referred pain to ear > HoarsenessGlottisMC site. L... | ENT | Tomour of Larynx |
da395a79-51b9-4408-9f11-69475bc27085 | All the following are true about Upper End Of Tibia EXCEPT: | Ossification centre for the upper end fuses by 18 years | Meniscal Cailage is attached to the Intercondylar Area | Gives attachment to Semimembranosus | Posterior aspect of Patella aiculates with Upper End Of Tibia laterally | 3d | multi | Patella has no aiculation with Tibia; it is aiculated to Femur Only. Ossification: Secondary Centre for the Upper End is present at bih and fuses with the shaft by 16 years in females and 18 in males. Both Medial and Lateral menisci are attached to the Intercondylar Area on tibia. Semi-membranosus muscle is attached to... | Anatomy | Bones Joints and Ligaments |
60df544e-e82b-47d0-bd8b-fca35fc7cd51 | Hyperkalemia shows the following changes in ECG, except | Increased T wave amplitude | Prolonged PR interval | ST depression | Prolonged QRS duration | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
99259615-1192-4a5c-bacc-0a4a3ea31184 | Drug of choice among these for neonatal seizures: | Phenobarbitone | Phenytoin | Diazepam | Clobazam | 0a | single | Ans. A. PhenobarbitoneThe drug of choice for treating neonatal seizures is phenobarbitone. Its initial IV dose is 20-40mg/kg IV, followed by maintenance dose of 3-5mg/kg/dayIV/IM or oral. | Pediatrics | Central Nervous System |
2813d9d4-bf61-48e1-8058-9bbcc3c322eb | Tennis elbow is | Inflammation of lateral epicondyle of humerus | Inflammation of medial epicondyle of humerus | Avulsion injury of head of radius | Avulsion injury of olecranon process | 0a | single | Tennis elbow is a condition characterised by pain and tenderness at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus due to non-specific inflammation at the origin of the extensor muscles of the forearm.Maheswari 5th edition Pg: 302 | Orthopaedics | Elbow injuries |
5bef725d-7c7a-4987-ab0a-5b300b501f40 | M/C type of breech presentation: | Frank breech | Complete breech | Footling | Knee | 0a | single | Ans is a, i.e. Frank breechRef Fernando Arias 4/e, p 375Varieties of breech:CompleteIncomplete:-Frank breech (70%)-Footling breech-Knee breech | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Malpresentation |
104ef788-edc8-45e0-8ef2-a2ad76c38e27 | Presumptive count includes | No E. Coli | Coliform but not only E. | Gram negative bacilli | Any bacteria | 1b | single | Presumptive coliform test
In presumptive coliform test the most probable number of all coliform organisms (not only E.coh) are counted → Presumptive coliform count.
The methods are : -
Multiple tube method
Membrane filtration technique.
After analysing presumptive coliforrn count, E.coli count is confirmed by othe... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
2c812472-e452-4cba-a0fa-fc178f9148a2 | Killian's dehiscence is seen in: | Oropharynx | Nasopharynx | Cricopharynx | Vocal cords | 2c | single | Ans. c (Cricopharynx). (Ref. Diseases of ENT by PL Dhingra, 3rd /pg. 290)# Inferior constrictor muscle has two parts:- Thyropharyngeus (oblique fibers)- Cricopharyngeus (transverse fibers)# Between these two parts exists a potential gap, known as "Killan's dehiscence" (gateway of tears).# Clinical significance:- Perfor... | ENT | Pharynx |
b04d724e-c87b-4261-ba68-bec6f30d227e | Type of graft, best suited for renal transplantation - | Allograft | Autograft | Xenograft | Isograft | 3d | multi | Although the best graft is-autograft, a renal graft can obviously not be an autograft.
So the best renal graft is an isograft. | Microbiology | null |
930d7d7d-187f-43bc-b01d-97ea65599e6e | True about Gilbe syndrome is: | Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia | Starvation improves the condition | Phenobarbitone improves the condition | Life-threatening | 2c | multi | Gilbe syndrome: Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia Paial deficiency of UDPglucuronyl transferase enzyme Jaundice precipitated by fasting Phenobarbitone, being an enzyme inducer, improves the condition by increasing the activity of UDP glucuronyl transferase enzyme | Pediatrics | Liver disorders |
ed26feee-795c-41d7-85dc-26b36c6c3e02 | 'Tiger eye' appearance on MRI brain is characteristic feature of: | Refsum's disease | Hallervorden Spatz disease | NARP mitochondrial disease | Abetalipoproteinemia | 1b | multi | Ans. B. Hallervorden Spatz diseaseHallervorden- Spatz Disease (are neurodegenerative disorder of basal ganglia)DefinitionHallervorden- Spatz disease (HSD) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction and dementia. It's an iron metabolic disorder.Genetics1. The disease can be familial or sp... | Radiology | Nervous System |
c42c9f8c-5dc1-4fb1-8a13-9d0d7fc05e75 | Most of the CO2 transported in the blood is | Dissolved in plasma. | In carbamino compounds formed from plasma proteins. | In carbamino compounds formed from hemoglobin. | In HCO3– | 3d | single | The CO2 that diffuses into red blood cells is rapidly hydrated to H2CO3 because of the presence of carbonic anhydrase.
The H2CO3 dissociates to H+ and HCO3-, and the H+ is buffered, primarily by hemoglobin, while the HCO3- enters the plasma. | Physiology | null |
f929aff2-b8c2-44f7-aebe-c02459ae88e5 | Crypta Magna is the remnant of | First Pharyngeal pouch | Second Pharyngeal pouch | Third pharyngeal pouch | Fouh pharyngeal pouch | 1b | single | Medial surface of each tonsil has 15-20 crypts, the largest of which is called Intratonsillar cleft or crypta Magna (which represents the persistence of the ventral poion of the second pharyngeal pouch)'.Ref: PL Dhingra, Diseases of Ear, Nose & Throat, 7th edition, pg no. 291 | ENT | Oral cavity & Oesophagus |
ab5ef317-80a2-40dd-a936-e090da751d25 | Which is the true statement regarding megaloblasitc anemia-a) Megaloblastic precursors are present in bone marrowb) Mean corpuscular volume is increasedc) Serum LDH is increasedd) Thrombocytosis occurse) Target cells are found | ab | bc | abc | bcd | 2c | multi | null | Pathology | null |
f6dc814c-4c1e-445a-a238-6eff973434ca | A 30 year old primipara in labor with transverse lie treatment of choice is | Internal cephalic version | Emergency cesarean section | Wait and watch | External cephalic version | 1b | single | Patients in labor with transverse lie can be managed by external cephalic version followed by surgical rupture of membrane But it is impoant to note that the patient is primigravuda with age 30years i.e, elderly primi so ECV is contraindicated This patient requires emergency cesaream section | Anatomy | Abnormal labor |
90dbca2f-c7e0-4e31-8a44-fd0887d62eee | The early feature of Pott's paraplegia is - | Flexor spasm | Increased tendon jerk | Ankle clonus | Sensory loss | 2c | single | Potts Paraplegia * It is a most serious complication of spinal TB,incidence is appr 20%. * MC in dorsal spine because it is the narrowest region,abcess remains confined under tension and even a small compromise can lead to neurological deficit,infection is common in this area and spinal cord terminates below L1 * Early... | Orthopaedics | Skeletal infections |
73e99d3b-c06f-4d02-99e6-ee5ad7275a99 | Winter bottoms sign in sleeping sickness refers to - | Unilateral conjunctivitis | Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy | Narcolepsy | Transient erythema | 1b | single | Generalized or regional lymphadenopathy - Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy (Winterbottom sign) is characteristic of T brucei gambiense African trypanosomiasis | Microbiology | parasitology |
7424abce-b85b-42e5-83d1-2d0741b6b98f | Compared with cow's milk, mother's milk has more - | Lactose | Vitamin D | Proteins | Fat | 0a | single | Lactose content in cows milk-4.4g ,breast milk-7.4g per 100grams.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-582 table 21 | Social & Preventive Medicine | obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics |
46950810-7b8b-4048-be41-9026c2067c9d | C/F of Turner&;s syndrome: | Secondary amenorrhea | Edema of hands and feet | XY genotype | Mental retardation common | 1b | single | Turner's syndrome 45,XO genotype sho strature neck is sho and webbed shield chest,high palate,low set ears lymphoedema of extremities at bih SHAW'S TEXTBOOK OF GYNAECOLOGY,Pg no:111,15th edition | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sexuality and intersexuality |
91490220-f450-425a-b08b-cb5afb14084e | Strength of sewage is expressed in terms of all EXCEPT: | Biological Oxygen Demand | Chemical oxygen demand | Suspended solids | Coliform count | 3d | multi | Ans. d (Coliform count). (Ref. Park PSM 22nd/pg. 708)SEWAGE# It is wastewater from community containing solid and liquid excreta, derived from houses, street and yard washing, factories and industries.# It resembles dirt water with unpleasant smell.# Composition of sewage is 99.9% water.# Average adult person excretes ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and Health |
2c83bc82-0c12-48ae-84e7-3970674ff131 | A bilipid layer is most permeable to - | Potassium | Sodium | Glucose | Urea | 3d | single | Ans-DThe lipid bilayer is impermeable to most water-soluble molecules.Lipid soluble molecules readily enter the cellsMolecules that move rapidly through a given membrane (lipid bilayer) are said to have a high Permeabilitycoefficient: - as followsFig.: Permeability coefficients of water, some ions, and other small mole... | Unknown | null |
6eef55c2-ff1c-4252-9c39-368d9df36121 | Essential amino acid amongst the following - | Valine | Lysine | Threonine | All | 3d | multi | Ans. is 4d' i.e.. All Nutritionally Essential Nutritionally Nonessentiai Arginine - semi essential Alanine Histidine Asparagine Isoleucine Asparatate Leucine Cysteine Lysine Glutamate Methionine Glutamine Phenylalanine Glycine Threonine Praline Tryptophan Serine Valine Tyrosine | Unknown | null |
3482a501-d805-4aeb-93d0-510bb55480b8 | The following set of words can be used synonymously in epidemiology - | Source and Reservoir | Index and primary case | Latent infection and subclinical infection | Serial interval and incubation period | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Latent infection and subclinical infection Though none of the given pairs can be used as synonymously, the best answer is 'c'. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
0c05e387-5c3a-4b0a-a003-bee1db15d1d8 | A patient presents with bilateral proptosis, heat intolerance and palpitations. Most unlikely diagnosis here would be | Hashismoto's thyropidittis | Thyroid adenoma | Diffuse thyroid goitre | Reidel,s thyroiditis | 3d | single | null | Surgery | null |
29e28b81-8db2-455f-b075-21608e3db798 | Iron is maximum in | Pista | Cashewnut | Meat | Milk | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Meat | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ed6737ed-1626-4680-b8d8-c66e8cc6907b | CSF rhinorrhea can be seen in: | Lefort 2 fracture. | Lefort 3 fracture. | Nasoethmoidal fracture. | All of the above. | 3d | multi | null | Surgery | null |
5e79f9b6-31f1-426d-895d-c32f6e18d19c | Surgery for mitral stenosis during pregnancy is ideally done at : | 14 weeks | 20 weeks | 28 weeks | 32 weeks | 0a | multi | 14 weeks | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
b6dd0ee8-9fa1-4664-bb09-496c00aa2c65 | Following statements are true regarding first pharyngeal arch : | Maxillary & mandibular prominences are formed | Maxilla & Zygomatic bone are formed by intermembranous ossification | Tensor palati formed by first arch | All | 3d | multi | A i.e. Maxillary & mandibular prominences are formed; B i.e. Maxilla & Zygomatic bone are formed by intermembranous ossification; C i.e. Tensor palati formed by first arch | Anatomy | null |
4c3587ae-04e4-4f29-b02f-2ecf5de8d0b6 | all are ture ragrding gall stones management except ? | it should be cholestrol stone | it should be radio opaque | function gallbladder | non acute symptoms | 1b | multi | medical management of gallstones : it should be cholesterol stone it should be radioluscent gallbladder should be functioning non acute symptoms size of stone <1.5cm ref : bailey and love 27th ed | Surgery | All India exam |
6d326b8d-e98a-4b85-824a-3d0dc338477d | 58-year-old man suffered road traffic accident and came to the hospital. He had multiple fractures in his lower limbs, ribs and lung contusion. Ultimately he succumbed to his injuries. At autopsy, a biopsy from the lung showed the following appearance. What is the likely cause of his death? | Fat embolism | Emphysema | Pulmonary embolism | Congestive hea failure | 0a | single | Indeed, fat embolism occurs in some 90% of individuals with severe skeletal injuries Fat embolism syndrome Term applied to the minority of patients who become symptomatic. It is characterized by:- Pulmonary insufficiency, Neurologic symptoms, Anemia, and Thrombocytopenia, Staining:- Because lipids are dissolved out of ... | Pathology | Systemic Pathology |
42524ed0-0f34-45fa-9e1d-26cfec81c266 | Liver synthesizes all, except: | C3 complement component | Hap Toglobin | Fibrinogen | Immunoglobulin | 3d | multi | D i.e. ImmunoglobulinAlpha (a ) and beta (f3) globulins are produced by hepatocytes (liver), where as immunoglobins or gamma globins are produced by B- lymphocyte (plasma cell)Q.Proteins synthesized by liver areProteinFunctionAlbuminOrmotic regulator; and carrier protein binding hormone, aminoacids,sterioids, vitamins,... | Physiology | null |
5b6d90e8-4cf6-4fb4-b5c8-2c96d1dc4db1 | Which of the following excludes painful stimuli from awareness: | Repression | Reaction formation | Projection | Rationalization | 0a | single | A i.e. Repression Defence mechanism Definition Normal example Pathological example Repression - It is (unconscious or conscious) exclusion, expulsion - Forgetting; eg painful - Psychogenic or withholding of an unaccepted anxiety, pain or aspects of memory of amnesia distress provoking sturnuli (idea, impulse, emotion, ... | Psychiatry | null |
ee2d1dab-c3d5-4d8c-a168-5c79974db0d6 | The rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of catecholamines is catalyzed by | Tyrosine hydroxylase | Dopa decarboxylase | Dopa mine f3 hydroxylase | Catechol-O-methyltransferase | 0a | multi | The rate limiting step in the synthesis of catecholamines is catalysed by tyrosine hydroxylase Ref : guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:605,606,607 | Physiology | Nervous system |
48ca7f3b-1197-4614-8b1a-4a5ef7d3f6b6 | A 25 year old male gives history of sudden painless loss of vision in one eye for the past 2 weeks. There is no history of trauma. On examination the anterior segment is normal but there is no fundal glow. Which one of the following is the most likely cause? | Vitreous haemorrhage | Optic atrophy | Developmental cataract | Acute attack of angle closure glaucoma | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Vitreous hemorrhageRef: Kanski 7/e, p. 730Sudden painless loss of vision with absence of fundal glow and a normal anterior chamber, in absence of trauma (spontaneous) is consistent with a diagnosis of spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage.Vitreous hemorrhageSudden painless loss of visionOptic atrophyGradual painless... | Ophthalmology | Retina |
187797ac-19f4-4c6d-9419-7d894c8fd4d6 | Screening for condition recommended wrhen - | Low case fatality rate | Diagnostic tools not available | No effective treatment available | Early diagnosis can change disease course because of effective treatment | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Early diagnosis can change disease course because of effective treatment o The disease to be screened should fulfil the following criteria before it is considered suitable for screening.1. The condition sougth should be an important health problem (in general, prevalence should be high).2. There shoul... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Screening for Disease |
6bab5937-5032-4e0f-a4c6-8644b512d399 | Parathyroid hormone is responsible for all actions except: | Absorption of phosphorous increase | Vit D absorption increases | Mobilizes calcium from bone | Increase intestinal absorption of calcium | 0a | multi | A i.e. Absorption of phosphorus increaseParathyroid hormone increases phosphate excretion in urine due to decrease in reabsorption of phosphate in the proximal tubulesQ. | Physiology | null |
1aa2ec95-8b25-4b5e-aa51-e3789b9bdcc6 | In which of the following disease, the overall survival is increased by screening procedure - | Prostate Ca | Lung Cancer | Colon Ca | Ovarian Ca | 2c | multi | .there is strong positive correlation between cancer colon and dietary fat.the studies have shown that increase in the dietary intake of fat has recently increased the incidence of ca colon in the western communities like japan.also dietary fibre intake is said to have a protective role in the development of carcinoma ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Screening |
6646de41-8d52-43b0-b2aa-41ef2e847024 | Diuretic used in mountain sickness? | Hydrochohiazide | Furesemide | Acetazolamide | Spironolactone | 2c | single | ACTIONS OF ACETAZOLAMIDE: i) Lowering of intraocular tension due to decreased formation of aqueous humor (it is rich in HC03). 2) Raised level of C02 in the brain and lowering of pH - sedation and elevation of seizure threshold. 3) Alteration of C02 transpo in lungs and tissues: - used in high altitude or mountain sick... | Pharmacology | Kidney |
a91b4760-1cb4-4c4d-a83e-e5c6cc5cdcd2 | In treatment of Parkinsonism with Levodopa dose limiting toxicity is | Choriform movements | Vomitings | Tardive dyskinesia | Giddiness | 1b | single | (B) Vomitings # ADVERSE EFFECTS 2# HAEMATOLOGICAL Dose limiting toxicity> Leucopenia, nadir 21 - 28 days, recovery 28 - 35 days.> Thrombocytopenia, nadir 16 days, recovery 21 days.# GASTROINTESTINAL Dose limiting toxicity> Severe nausea and vomiting, duration 1-12 hours. Aggressive antiemetic prophylaxis is recommended... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
f419e5f8-ffaf-496e-b323-4f8de29fa129 | The first sign of tetanus is | Dysphagia | Neck stiffness | Back pain | Trismus | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
a7e4d76d-bd99-45b2-b173-cd05d4fac860 | Hanging in which body is fully suspended and feet are not touching the ground? | Paial hanging | Complete hanging | Homicidal hanging | Suicidal hanging | 1b | single | HANGING ON THE BASIS OF SUSPENSION Hanging in which body is fully suspended and feet are not touching the ground is called complete hanging. Hanging in which feet or pa of body touches the ground and the body is not fully suspended is called paial hanging. | Forensic Medicine | Hanging and strangulation |
ccf1bb2c-a1df-4531-a030-2a936bccb32a | Hysteroscopy is used in all EXCEPT : | Uterine synechiae | Abnormal vaginal bleeding | Infeility | None | 3d | multi | None | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f79105fa-3a81-4c66-a242-e1311e953d62 | Tryptophan is glucogenic & ketogenic by producing | Acetyl CoA & alanine | Acetoacetate & fumarate | Acetoacetate & arginine | Arginine & alanine | 0a | single | The major metabolic fate of tryptophan is to be oxidized by tryptophan pyrrolase (tryptophan di-oxygenase) (Step 1, Fig. 17.8). It is a hemoprotein. The enzyme is inducible by coicosteroids.iii. In this major pathway, the total 11 carbon atoms of tryptophan are catabolized as formyl group (1C which enters the one-carbo... | Biochemistry | vitamins |
3cd72c66-ff0a-4e5c-9b9b-95be24dfd293 | In Holmes-Adie pupil all are true except - | There is absent or retarded pupil reactions to light and near | Most cases are bilateral | Causes reduced or absent accommodation | Constricts with 2.5% methacholine | 1b | multi | The Adie's tonic pupil. In this condition reaction to light is absent and to near reflex is very slow and tonic. The affected pupil is larger (anisocoria). Its exact cause is not known. It is usually unilateral, associated with absent knee jerk and occurs more often in young women. Adie's pupil constricts with weak pil... | Ophthalmology | Neuro-ophthalmology |
c60f2e5a-61b0-4499-a30d-63dafb4fde9d | Pitting edema indicates an excess of .... litres of fluid in tissue spaces - | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 2c | single | null | Surgery | null |
3d14c2a0-cf0f-42dd-979a-20a5c2058b9f | Which of the following does not pass through cavernous sinus? | Occulomotor (III) nerve | Trochlear nerve | Medial cerebral artery | Trigeminal nerve | 2c | single | null | Anatomy | null |
96ce8e3c-aea0-4481-ac52-db9cb435abbf | Mistuda reaction is read at | 21st day | 10th day | 3rd day | 45th day | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
6ef5ff5d-49f3-4533-a7a5-b4a2f8f04d26 | True regarding IgA nephropathy is | Usually seen in children <10 years of age | Microscopic hematuria is common presentation | Recurrent gross hematuria following respiratory infections | Decreased serum IgA | 2c | multi | IgA nephropathy, characterized by mesangial deposits of IgA-containing immune complexes, is the most common cause of the nephritic syndrome worldwide; it is also a common cause of recurrent hematuria; it commonly affects children and young adults and has a variable course. Ref: Robbins basic book of pathology 9th editi... | Pathology | Urinary tract |
e30d3f56-49f7-4bf4-a5f6-cc42166ff86a | Donovan bodies are seen in: | Granuloma inguinale | LGV | Syphilis | Herpes genitalia4 | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Granuloma inguinale | Skin | null |
4360d1c0-89a1-48a2-9bf6-e9c99036d492 | Which of the following nerve innervates rhomboids minor muscle? | Medial pectoral nerve | Long thoracic nerve | Dorsal scapular nerve | Nerve to the subclavius | 2c | single | Dorsal scapular nerve innervates the rhomboids minor muscle which is involved in retraction of the scapula. Medial pectoral nerve innervates pectoralis minor which is involved in protraction, depression, and stabilization of scapula.Long thoracic nerve innervates serratus anterior which is involved in protraction and r... | Anatomy | null |
80252a64-26ce-4225-92ac-47f0de4d3142 | Example of neuromuscular blocker causing hypotension is: | Rocuronium | Vecuronium | Pancuronium | Atracurium | 3d | single | The hypotension seen with the use of atracurium and mivacurium is due to release of histamine, whereas dTubocuranine causes hypotension histamine release and ganglion blockade. Ref: Miller's anesthesia-7th ed, Chapter 29. | Anaesthesia | null |
8d26a97d-fde3-410e-b85b-48e4e6518c84 | Anthrol acts as purgative due to - | Irritant action | Bulk formation in intestinal lumen | Osmotic action | Emollient effect | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Irritant action o Anthroquinones (senna, cascara sagrada) are stimulant purgatives --> irritate the intestinal mucosa and thus stimulate motor activity. | Pharmacology | null |
70a23529-fe33-4dd8-999a-bf70b4084332 | Which of the following sexually transmitted disease is diagnosed by Ito's test? | Gonorrhoea | Herpes | Chancroid | Granuloma venereum | 2c | multi | The Ito-Reenstierna test is an intradermal test, using inactivated Haemophilus ducreyi, for diagnosis of chancroid. Due to limited sensitivities for detection of circulating antibodies to H. ducreyi, serology has currently limited usefulness in the routine diagnosis of chancroid infection but may be useful in populatio... | Microbiology | null |
2a7a4c60-ade9-4129-bef1-3b78f40f25b5 | Which of the following finding is not suggestive of intrinsic hepatic fibrosis: | Bulging flanks | Collateral flow toward umbilicus | Eveed umbilicus | Venous hum | 1b | single | In caput medusa the blood flows away from the umbilicus and is suggestive of poal hypeension. The increased flow results in a venous hum. The abdominal distention due to ascites explains flank fullness and eveed umbilicus. | Medicine | Misc. |
f71b0459-5bbe-468b-8efd-fbd457d5c1c8 | Omega shaped epiglottis is seen in? | Laryngomalacia | Epiglottitis | Tuberculosis | Carcinoma of epiglottis | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) LaryngomaiaciaREF: Dhingra 4th ed p.272In laryngomaiacia direct laryngoscopy shows elongated epiglottis, curled upon itself (omegashaped), floppy aryepiglottic folds and prominent arytenoids.Pediatric Epiglottis is omega-shaped and arytenoids relatively large covering significant portion of the posterior gl... | ENT | Larynx |
5bde04b4-a48c-40de-aa3d-2e3020c14829 | Common injury to baby is - | Fracture humerus | Fracture clavicle | Fracture scapula | Fracture femur | 1b | single | The most common bone to be fractured in children and during birth is clavicle. | Orthopaedics | null |
08467e2a-95da-4a74-887c-2289fffc8c59 | Contact dermatitis is - | Type-I hypersensitivity | Type-II hypersensitivity | Type-III hypersensitivity | Type-IV hypersensitivity | 3d | single | Contact dermatitis is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction. - delayed hypersensitivity sometimes results results from skin contact with a variety of chemicals - metals such as nickel and chromium, simple chemicals like dyes,drugs or plant allergens. The antigen activates specifically sensitised CD4 & CD8 T lymphocytes l... | Microbiology | Immunology |
9aff3318-c2e2-416e-b131-72d1529bbafb | Gamma amino butyrate is synthesized from? - | Fumarate | Glutamate | Histidine | Glycine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Glutamate \Ref: Harper 29th/ e p. 304-305]o Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) is formed by decarboxylation of L-glutamate.Amino acidsBiological important compoundTyrosineCatecholamines (epinephrineQ, norepinephrineQ, dopamineQ), thyroxineQ, triiodothryonine, melanin Q.(Note: - Phenylalanine is the precu... | Biochemistry | Amino Acids Basics |
b6deed39-8b87-4f63-af3d-3cab936ce08e | Caloric requirement of adult male worker with moderate levels of activity is:- | 2320 Kcal /day | 2230 Kcal /day | 2730 Kcal/day | 3490 kcal/day | 2c | single | Caloric requirement of Adult Male worker:- Sedentery levels of activity - 2320 Kcal/day Moderate levels of activity - 2730 Kcal/day Heavy levles of activity - 3490 Kcal/day. Caloric requirement of Adult Female worker:- Sedentery levels of activity - 1900 Kcal/day Moderate levels of activity - 2230 Kcal/day Heavy levles... | Social & Preventive Medicine | RDA, Nutritional Requirements |
50d7e929-69bc-4731-9d94-b3fca1852ecc | Which of the following is associated with adult polycystic kidney disease? | Berry aneurysms in Circle of Willis | Saccular aneurysms of aorta | Fusiform aneurysms of aorta | Leutic aneurysms | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Berry Aneurysm in Circle of Willis Extrarenal anomalies seen in patients with adult polycystic kidney disease.||||CystsBerry aneurysmColonic diverticula*Mitral valve(a) Liver (M.C. Site)*(Present in 5-10%)(M C. extrarenal deformity )Prolapse*(b) Spleen* perforation is common (c) Pancreas* (d) Ovaries | Pathology | Miscellaneous (Kidney) |
276670bc-dc92-4f3e-9c9d-242922e3abc0 | Contraindications to major hepatic resection for metastatic disease include all of the following Except | Total hepatic involvement | Advanced cirrhosis | Extrahepatic tumor involvement | Jaundice from extrinsic ductal obstruction | 3d | multi | HEPATIC RESECTION Indications * Parasitic and non-parasitic cysts. * Benign and primary malignant tumours of the liver. * A secondary tumour that involves by direct extensions like from carcinoma of the gallbladder or limited secondaries from carcinoma colon/carcinoids. * Trauma to the liver. Contraindication * Advance... | Surgery | G.I.T |
7a1584e4-5978-450a-9a23-8df97df816fc | Muscle that causes flexion at elbow joint when forearm is semi - pronated | Biceps brachii | Brachialis | Coracobrachialis | Brachioradialis | 3d | single | Brachioradialis causes flexion at elbow joint when forearm is semi - pronated. | Anatomy | null |
0ad006c2-aaa6-4f46-af8d-b9d18f5549bb | Spermatogenesis begins at - | Birth | 5 years | Puberty | 18 years | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Puberty o Spermatogenesis refers to the process of formation of spermatozoa (sperm) from primitive germ cells (spermatogonia).o Spermatogenesis begins at puberty and continues throughout adult life to decline in old age.o In humans, it takes an average of 74 days to form a mature sperm from primitive ... | Anatomy | Fertilization and Development of Embryo |
3bd7b023-4cb2-408d-a87f-f3ce9833ce13 | Which of the following drug is used for Lithium induced tremors? | Add valproate | Propranolol | Trihexyphenidyl | Tetrabenazine | 1b | single | Ans. B. PropranololNeurological Effects of lithium1. Tremor: postural tremor (8to12Hz) (treatment- b-Adrenergic receptor antagonists, such as propranolol)2. Cognitive Effects (dysphoria, lack of spontaneity, slowed reaction times and impaired memory)3. Other Neurological Effects: symptoms of mild parkinsonism, ataxia, ... | Psychiatry | Pharmacotherapy In Psychiatry |
77fc199f-9595-423c-bcda-bd90f784599b | Extraocular muscle not supplied by oculomotor: (D. REPEAT 2011) | Superior oblique | Super rectus | Medial rectus | Inferior oblique | 0a | single | Ref: Basaks Essentials of Ophthalmology, 5th edition Explanation:EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLESTotal 6 muscles (4 Rectus and 2 Oblique muscles).Rectus musclesOrigin: Common origin from annular tendon of Zinn around the optic foramen at the apex of the orbit.Insertion: They are inserted to the sclera after piercing the Tenon's cap... | Ophthalmology | Ocular Motility |
00c1dd5b-96c6-4cda-a43c-ad3790a49a5a | Casoni's test is positive in | Echinococcus | Enterobius | Taenia solium | Taenia saginata | 0a | single | Ans. a (Echinococcus)TestUsed forAdrenolytic testPheochromocytomaAllen testIn patients with severe Raynaud's phenomenon and refractory digital ulcers due to distal ulnar artery occlusion.Anticholinesterase testMyasthenia gravisApnea testDemonstration that apnea is due to irreversible medullary damage.Bentiromide testis... | Microbiology | Parasitology |
11e07dff-2940-4e37-a1f6-361bd427b5b1 | In comparison to breast milk, colostrum has a higher content of | Carbohydrates | Fat soluble vitamins | Water | Potassium | 1b | single | Colostrum is the milk secreted during the first three days. It is yellow, thick and contains more of antibodies and fat-soluble vitamins.Transitional milk is that secreted during the following 2 weeks and contains plenty of immunoglobulins.This is followed by mature milk which is thin and watery.(refer to pgno: 430 She... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
fce0a6db-309c-46db-bd13-3550ab71486f | Drugs within the following groups react unourably with lithium | ACE inhibitors | Morphine | Valproate | Antipsychotics | 0a | single | Causes worsening of lithium toxicity and renal damage | Pharmacology | All India exam |
8111f865-90ee-4734-995e-2cf697be7756 | "Periglomerular" Fibrosis is considered typical of: | Chronic pylonephritis | Chronic glomerulonephritis | Aerionephrosclerosis | Malignant hypeension | 0a | single | Chronic pylonephritis | Pathology | null |
2315fbec-c20b-4ed7-a1c2-7d351bbedafe | Which of the following can be ophthalmic complication of DM except - | Papillopathy | Snowflake cataract | Retinopathy | Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment | 3d | multi | Answer- D. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachmentOcular manifestations of diabetic retinopathy are-1) Non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR)-MicroaneurysmsRetinal hemorrhageRetinal edema (Retinal thickening)- macular edema.2) Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)Hallmark of PDR is the occurance of neovascularizat... | Ophthalmology | null |
f8dfd273-2779-4e7e-95db-97b24f14189a | In the entire human genome, coding DNA constitutes? | 2% | 1% | 0.10% | 4% | 0a | single | Ans. a. 2% | Physiology | null |
c930d295-dd3a-4012-81c2-e02e452546f0 | Natural disasters are all except - | Floods | Tomedo | Lightening strike | Accidental radioactive gas leak from factory | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Accidental radioactive gas leak from factory o A natural disaster is a major adverse event resulting from natural processes of the Earth; examples include floods, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, and other geologic processes,o Accidental radioactive gas leak from factory is most commonly a r... | Forensic Medicine | Misc. |
0874a338-5de1-4c89-ba01-a6fe05ef1242 | DOC for "rapid cyclers" type of bipolar disorder is- | Carbamazepine | Valproate | Phenytoin | Lithium | 1b | single | null | Psychiatry | null |
74c0292e-a07f-41ed-8cde-966664aae7ca | Surgery is not useful in | Cerebral oedema | Depressed fracture | Extral dural haemorrhage | Subdural haemorrhage | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
208d34d4-744b-423c-a4b5-d001bf14fbde | A 40 year old man has chronic cough with fever for several months. The chest radiograph reveals a diffuse reticulondular pattern. Microscopically on transbronchial biopsy there are focal areas of inflammation containing epitheloid cell granuloma, Langhans giant cells, and lymphocytes. These findings are typical for whi... | Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Type IV o Presence of epitheloid cell granuloma, Ianghans giant cells and lymphocytes is characteristic of chronic granulomatous inflammation | Pathology | null |
e5a54479-48d8-4548-93dd-e640a37f1320 | Nicotinic acid - | Increases HDL | Increased triglyceride synthesis | Type II hyperlipoproteinemia | Decreased hydrolysis of VLDL | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a1 i.e., Increases HDL Nicotinic acid (Niacin)o There are three main type of lipases related to metabolism of lipoproteins -1. Lipoprotein lipase - Present in blood vessels and causes hydrolysis of tryglvceride content of VLDL and chylomicrones.2. Hepatic lipase - Converts IDL to LDL by hydrolysing the triglyc... | Pharmacology | Hypolipidemic |
666192fd-9a22-4afd-8180-b69b38b8fe3a | Giant 'a' waves in JVP occur in all except - | Junctional rhythm | Pulmonay hypeension | Tricuspid regurgitation | Complete hea block | 2c | multi | Because Tricuspid stenosis usually occurs in the presence of other obvious valvulardisease, the diagnosis may be missed unless it is considered. SevereTS is associated with marked hepatic congestion, often resultingin cirrhosis, jaundice, serious malnutrition, anasarca, and ascites.Congestive hepatomegaly and, in cases... | Medicine | C.V.S |
51279d1a-41eb-416a-8973-f6e4f73d3f3f | The facultative anaerobic bacteria are those who are: | Unable to grow in the presence of oxygen | Unable to grow in the absence of oxygen | Able to grow in the presence of carbon dioxide | Able to grow in the presence or absence of oxygen | 3d | single | null | Microbiology | null |
1250a0d7-d557-4716-8a76-4b8cf4242fd9 | Treatment of Hirsutism in PCOD, Drug used is : | Menopausal Gonadotropin | GnRH | Spironolactone | Hcg | 2c | single | In PCOD with Hirustism,drugs given are; a.oral contraceptive b.anti androgens Antiandrogens in PCOD Used are spironolactone, cyproterone acetate, Flutamide and Finasteride Spironolactone in a dose of 100-200 mg daily, blocks the androgen receptors, reduces it production and increases its metabolism and thus prevents hi... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | PCOD, hirsutism and galactorrhea |
1039153c-553e-40db-bb19-bb54e696c3a9 | Dermatophyte which does not involve nail | Trichophyton | Microsporum | Epidermophyton | None of the above | 1b | multi | Trichophyton - Infect skin, Hair and nail.
Microsporum - Infect skin, Hair.
Epidermophyton - Infect skin, Nail. | Microbiology | null |
85f512a5-2d0a-4fd6-a485-da9b5c7bb423 | Which of the following is the right order of psycho-sexual development:- | Oral - Phallic - Anal - Latent - Genital | Oral - Anal - Latent - Phallic - Genital | Anal - Oral - Phallic - Genital - Latent | Oral-Anal-Phallic-Latent - Genital phase | 3d | multi | Freudian psychosexual stages of developmen Stage Age Erogenous Zone/Activities Oral 0-1 1/2 years Sucking biting chewing Anal 1 1/2 - 3 years Bowel and bladder control Phallic 3-6 years Genitalia Latency 6 - pubey Repression of sexual instincts Genital After pubey Adult sexual inclinations and interests | Psychiatry | Psychiatry Q Bank |
d3d8f25d-b337-4f95-a1dd-88a732da581b | Hypersecretory glaucoma is seen in- | Epidemic dropsy | Marfan's syndrome | Hypeension | Diabetes | 0a | single | "In epidemic dropsy, the aqueous shows raised level of histamine, prostaglandin and protein suggestion that the glaucoma is hypersecretory". Ref: pediatric Ophthalmology by PK Mukharjee 4th/e p.370 | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous |
3eae4df2-379c-4e28-87dc-f3ea2694e8c8 | An HIV-positive patient asks you if you can tell him the chances of him progressing to symptomatic AIDS. Which one of the following tests would be most useful? | CD4 lymphocyte count | HIV antibody test | HIV PCR | Neopterin | 2c | single | HIV PCR, a nucleic acid amplification test for HIV RNA, has recently been shown to be the most valuable test for: monitoring a patient's progress during triple drug therapy and determining the chances of progression to AIDS. A viral load of 750,000 copies per ml significantly increases the chance of progression to AIDS... | Microbiology | Virology (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) |
1dc7c9d3-fdc7-4853-a1ee-103586d19a68 | Which of the following is the method of treating internal resorption: | Extirpation of pulp and calcium hydroxide dressing | b) Extirpation of pulp and formocresol dressing | c) Pulpotomy | Pulp capping | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
4eec5b7a-ec4d-4b40-a20f-44366dbee9d0 | Not seen in the first decade - | Retino blastoma | Rhabdomyosarcoma | Neuroblastoma | Ameloblastoma | 3d | single | Ameloblastoma is not a childhood tumor.
Other three are childhood malignancies. | Pediatrics | null |
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