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0f389694-d6a7-4907-bc43-7050a1651554 | Genu of internal capsule carries: | Optic radiation | Coicospinal | Coicorubral tract | Coiconuclear tract. | 3d | single | D i.e. Coiconuclear | Anatomy | null |
d1ac0e0c-88e3-4471-9a25-1b91c90d1941 | All are contents of axilla, except | Axillary tail of breast | Axillary vessels | Axillary sheath | Roots of brachial plexus | 3d | multi | AXILLA: Is a pyramidal space situated between the upper pa of the arm and the chest wall. CONTENTS: 1)Axillary aery and its branches. 2)Axillary vein and its tributaries. 3)Infraclavicular pa of the brachial plexuses. 4)Five groups of axillary lymph nodes and the associated lymphatics. 5)The long thoracic and intercost... | Anatomy | Upper limb |
bc2fdf3a-fb37-405a-babe-f18e31071657 | Ptosis results from trauma to which nerve- | VII | VIII | III | VI | 2c | single | *Ptosis is due to occulomotor nerve paralysis. Ref: Principles of ophthalmology 4th/e p.1107 | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
a88a722c-7729-4e3b-9076-f16c9fbdfde7 | Effect of inhalational agent on neuromuscular system which is true - | They relax skeletal muscle and decreases the effect of neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBD) | They contract skeletal muscle and potentiate the effect of NMBD | They directly relax skeletal muscle and they potentiate the action of NMBD | No effect on neuromuscular system | 2c | multi | Halogenated volatile anesthetics have a potentiating effect on nondepolarizing muscle relaxants. The mechanism appears to be incompletely understood, but is likely a combination of: effect on central motor neurons augmentation of the NMB's affinity for the receptor site inhibition of post-synaptic nicotinic acetylcholi... | Anaesthesia | Inhalational Anesthetic Agents |
ac497c9c-268b-45da-90a8-420341092240 | Cell type which lacks HLA antigen is - | Monocyte | Thrombocytes | Neutrophil | Red blood cell | 3d | single | Class I products of the genes of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), HLA-A, -B, and -C, are present on viually all nucleated cells. Mature human red blood cells are not nucleated and do not generally have easily detectable HLA antigens, Reff: www.mayoclinin.com | Microbiology | Immunology |
f51f9f5e-54cf-4e72-9cce-6be1b6d40d0f | Which one of the following is diagnosed by latex agglutination for antigen in CSF? | Cryptococcus | Aspergillosis | Candida | Histoplasmosis | 0a | single | (A) Cryptococcus # Approximately 90% of patients with cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, including all those with a positive CSF smear, have capsular antigen detectable in CSF or serum by latex agglutination.# Certain important points about cryptococcus> Cryptococcus is the only pathogenic yeast> It is characterized by ... | Microbiology | Misc. |
f67c0016-35f7-479b-8499-0825b200e3ff | Tamsulosin, a competitive α adrenoceptor antagonist has an affinity for which of the following receptors | α1A | α1D | None of the above | Both (a) and (b) | 1b | multi | The actions of the α1-adrenoceptor antagonist tamsulosin have been examined at functional α1-adrenoceptor subtypes and compared with those at the human prostate receptor.
At the α1D-adrenoceptors of the rat aorta, tamsulosin acted as a competitive antagonist with a high affinity (pKB=10.1).
At the α1B-adrenoceptor of t... | Pharmacology | null |
958f79f2-2050-42d6-bc36-7566da27961b | "MAC" of desflurane is: | 1.15 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 3d | single | In 20-30 year old patients Minimum Alveolar Concentration(MAC)for Halothane. 0.75 Isoflurane. 1.15 Sevoflurane. 1.85 Desflurane. 6 From Tripati 7th edition | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
cd482bc2-4e0f-4cd2-8771-52704416f367 | Drugs used in the treatment of MRSA are : | Quinupristin\/dalfopristin | Atropine | Teicoplanin | Penicillin G | 0a | single | Staphylococcal infections are usually caused by Staphylococcus aureus. However, the incidence of infections due to Staphylococcus epidermidis and other coagulase-negative staphylococci has also been steadily rising. Pharmacotherapy Patients with serious staphylococcal infections should be initially staed on agents acti... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
4531f49d-73ac-4182-8210-835f4397583d | True about Pertussis is/are -a) Incubation period is 7-14 daysb) Main source of infection is chronic carriersc) Can affect any aged) Secondary attack rate in unimmunised persons is 90%e) More common in summers | abc | acd | bc | bde | 1b | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
a56f32f1-2244-45b7-82cc-6c546172bd61 | Treatment of stage III B carcinoma cervix is: | Wertheim procedure | Schauta's procedure | Chemotherapy | Intracavitary brachytherapy followed by external beam RT | 3d | single | Ans. is d, i.e. Intracavitary brachytherapy followed by external beam RT.Ref: Novak 14th/ed, p1436, 1427; Shaw 15th/ed, p414The best treatment for stage III B of invasive cancer is chemoradiation. Since this option is not given - we will go for next best option, i.e. RadiotherapyGenerally from stage II a-IV A when radi... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Carcinoma Cervix |
a232a659-f439-4b65-9a67-1fe501a9d2d6 | Muller's manoeuver is | Forceful expiration against closed glottis | Forceful inspiration against closed glottis | Forceful expiration against open glottis | Reverse of Valsalva's maneuver | 3d | single | Muller's manoeuvre: Used to find the level and degree of obstruction in sleep-disordered breathing. It is performed while using flexible nasopharyngoscope. First, the examiner sees the upper airways at rest and then during the time when the patient makes a maximal inspiratory effo with nose and mouth closed. The base o... | ENT | Miscellaneous ENT |
3a4fc6d9-0cf9-4904-bbd8-ec6dbb34070b | Which of the following fungus does not infect hair | Epidermophyton | Microsporum | Trichophyton | None of the above | 0a | multi | Trichophyton infects hair, skin and nail. Microsporum infects hair and skin. Epidermophyton infects skin and nail. Reference: Textbook of Microbiology; Baveja; 4th edition | Microbiology | mycology |
cfd8e300-58a3-4f67-83f6-8a75e3ab39be | APACHE-II score includes | Age | Blood pressure | Pa02 | All | 3d | multi | Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score generates a point score ranging from 0 to 71 based on 12 physiologic variables, age, and underlying health. The point score is calculated from a patient's age and 12 routine physiological measurements: AaDO2 or PaO2 (depending on FiO2) Temp... | Medicine | C.N.S |
bffc87c0-841a-47f7-8a66-dd6eed8fbff4 | Obsessive personality disorder is also called: | Anankastic personality disorder | Dissocial personality disorder | Eccentric personality disorder | Histrionic personality disorder | 0a | multi | Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD), as defined by the current version of DSM-5, and termedanankastic personality disorder in the ICD-10. Pre occupation with rules and regulations Perfection that slows them down Stubborn and inflexible Impoant to work, no time for leisure activities Formal, don't like humo... | Psychiatry | Personality Disorders |
cc391afe-e381-4374-a25e-58a56bc4e2b2 | Position of internal hemorrhoid in anus is especially common in - | 4 o' clock position | 11 o' clock position | 8 o' clock position | 9 o' clock position | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 11 o' clock position Classification of hemorrhoids|||Internal hemorrhoidsExternal hemorrhoids* Located proximal to the dentate line* Covered by transitional and columnar epithelium therefore are usually painless* Internal haemorrhoids (Greek: haima, blood; rhoos, flowing; synonym: piles, Latin: pila, ... | Surgery | Anal Canal |
8c6aac4d-e5d8-48ba-8a9d-9b3e5dc06904 | Women with PCOD and Hirsutism, Management is | Ethinyl estradiol + Cyproterone Acetate | Ethinyl estradiol | Levonorgestrel | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | 0a | single | Treatment of Hirsutism
Estrogen-Progestin Contraceptives
Antiandrogens
Mechanism of action
Androgen production in hirsuite women usually is an LH-dependent process
Estrogen-progestin contraceptives suppress pituitary LH secretion and thus suppress ovarian androgen production
The high level of estrogen in oral c... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
560aff8f-699e-411d-87f6-465c23101eb5 | Schwangerschafts protein 1 (SP1), is a biochemical marker of- | Gestatinal trophoblastic disease | Ectopic pregnancy | Placenta accreta | Severe PIH | 1b | single | Schwangerschafts protein 1 (SP1), also known as pregnancy-associated plasma protein C (PAPP-C) or pregnancy-specific b-glycoprotein (PSBS), is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast . It is a biochemical marker of Ectopic pregnancy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Ectopic Pregnancy (Hello ! Where are you ?) |
79526aad-9986-43f2-8f3d-5fc2bf9fc84a | All drugs cause interstitial lung disease, except : | Phenytoin sodium | Sulfonamide | Busulfan | Alpha methyldopa | 3d | multi | Drugs causing interstitial lung disease are:
Amiodarone
Nitrosoureas
Busulfan
Phenytoin
Methotrexate
Sulfonamides
Penicillamine
Cyclophosphamide
Nitrofurantoin
Gold salts
Bleomycin | Pharmacology | null |
0c46aaa4-5c0c-42e2-b79c-225704233774 | Strored blood, which h. as been preserved in a blood bank, is deficient in which of the following coagulation factors? | II only | II and VII | V and VIII | IX and X | 2c | single | The temperature in all areas of a refrigerator used for the storage of Red Blood Cells must be maintained between 1 and 6degC, and should have a fan for circulating air or be of capacity and design to ensure that the designated temperature is maintained and the blood may be deficit of v and vlll coagulation factors Ref... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
6c5f4fca-2545-4ce1-bd6d-ad633ed9c991 | The life of preserved semen for aificial insemination is - | One year | Two year | Five year | Ten year | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ten years | Surgery | null |
f5cf2e26-c94e-417d-bb55-d0594509fbbb | Source of maltose is | Beet sugar | Milk | Germinating Cereals | Yeast | 2c | single | SugarSourceSucroseCane and beet sugar, sorghum and some fruits and vegetablesLactoseMilkMaltoseEnzymic hydrolysis of starch (amylase);germinating cereals and maltIsomaltoseEnzymic hydrolysis of starch (the branch points in amylopectin)LactuloseHeated milk (small amounts), mainlysyntheticTrehaloseYeasts and fungi; the m... | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein |
dab8cd7f-e83e-48c4-b080-b18effec8126 | A 45-year-old woman visits the outpatient clinic with past history of dysphagia, nighttime fits of coughing, repeated chest infections, and a palpable swelling in her neck. Radiographic examination reveals the presence of a congenital pharyngeal pouch. Between which muscles is this pouch located? | Between styloglossus and stylopharyngeus | Between palatoglossal arch and median glossoepiglottic fold | Between upper and middle pharyngeal constrictors | Between the cricopharyngeal and thyropharyngeal portions of inferior pharyngeal constrictor | 3d | single | The pharyngeal (Zenker) diverticulum is usually located between the cricopharyngeal and thyropharyngeal portions of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor. This is the most common site for development of a pharyngeal diverticulum due to the inherent weakness between the pharyngeal muscles in this location. Stasis of mater... | Anatomy | Head & Neck |
ed9ec054-423c-44f9-855d-2c5e0764e3ad | Which of the following statements is true regarding kappa, lambda and heavy chain immunoglobins - | Coded in the same site of a chromosome | Coded in different sites of same chromosome | The chains are formed by genetic rearrangement after maturation | Different chains of same immunoglobulins are coded by different chromosomes | 2c | multi | The variable region of each immunoglobulin heavy or light chain is encoded in several pieces--known as gene segments (subgenus). These segments are called variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) segments.V, D and J segments are found in Ig heavy chains, but only V and J segments are found in Ig light chains. Multip... | Microbiology | Immunology |
edfedc44-beed-43b9-9158-8cf995e4010d | Differentiating features b/w neurosis and psychosis : | Insight is preserved | Lack of insight | Personality and behavior preserved | None | 1b | multi | B i.e. Lack of insight | Psychiatry | null |
a94e5850-fe52-44da-884e-48afb9027014 | Which of the following is used to differentiate tumour recurrence and radiation necrosis? | PET scan | MRI | 3D CT | USG | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) PET scanREF: Devita oncology 6th ed chapter 27PET may be used in therapeutic monitoring after chemotherapy or radiotherapy, with a classic indication being assessment for recurrent tumor versus radiation necrosis. Conventional imaging can not differentiate recurrent tumor from radiation necrosis | Unknown | null |
2d11feca-87b7-41c4-b065-6ea655f7fada | Drugs associated with ischemic stroke include the following except | Cocaine | Oral contraceptives | Amphetamines | Barbiturates | 3d | multi | *misuse of oestrogen containing drugs like oral contraceptive pills ,hormone replacement therapy,cocaine ,amphetamine,alcohol are modifiable risk factors of ischemic stroke . Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2445 | Medicine | C.N.S |
8e232f96-bb5b-4125-994f-314ea89fc37e | All are seen in malignant hypehermia except: | Bradycardia | Hyperkalemia | Metabolic acidosis | Hypeension | 0a | multi | A i.e. Bradycardia | Anaesthesia | null |
4b65c2ec-05cd-495d-bd14-b2f3a42ec4a5 | In a case of anisocoria, when 1% pilocarpine le is instilled into the eye with abnormally dilated pupil, no response occurs. Cause of anisocoria may be: | Adie's pupil | Horner's syndrome | Pharmacological blockage | Uncal herniation | 2c | multi | Ans is 'c' i.e. Pharmacological blockage Anisocoria (inequality of pupillary size) implies disease of the efferent (motor) nerve of the light reflex, iris or muscles of the pupil.If, on application of pilocarpine 1% in each eye, the affected pupil reacts little or not at all and the unaffected pupil constricts normally... | Ophthalmology | Pupillary Reflexes and their Abnormalities |
3f5caf62-1ed6-4cbf-b74d-8ec3e307ab6c | Tracheostomy is not indicated in: | Emphysema | Bronchiectosis | Atelectasis | Pneumothorax | 3d | single | null | ENT | null |
b610c8ac-fc6a-489f-b551-381df941f170 | A patient presents with cough with expectoration. Diagnosis of farmer's lung is suspected. True statement regarding this condition: | May to June seasonal | Persistent cough with expectoration | X- ray features upper lobe predominant in chronic HP | Pleural effusions are common | 2c | multi | Farmer`s lung:- caused by Thermophilic Actinomycetes it is occupational disease - So, no seasonal predilection occur in Asthma - Hypersensitivity pneumonitis occurs due to inhalational exposure to variety of antigens leading to inflammatory response of alveoli and small airways. Choice A is ruled out as asthma attacks ... | Medicine | JIPMER 2018 |
112ff6c3-1262-4854-8e59-a697fd7a98b7 | A deficiency of 5-8 mm usually requires extraction of: | First molars | Second premolars | First premolars | Second molars | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
24c407e2-d709-4843-8be8-76a28d89076c | Most common tumour occurring in appendix includes | Carcinoid tumour | Melanoma | Adeno carcinoma | Mucinous | 0a | single | Carcinoid tumours arise in argentaffin tissue (Kulchitsky cells of the crypts of Lieberkuhn) and are most common in the vermiform appendix.The tumour can occur in any pa of the appendix, but it is frequently found in the distal third Ref: Bailey & Love&;s Sho Practice of Surgery,E25,Page-1217 | Surgery | G.I.T |
33b85685-5608-4533-bd25-7db2372e049f | HIV contains: March 2013 | Integrase | RNA directed DNA polymerase | Ribonuclease | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ans. D i.e. All of the above HIV virus It is composed of two copies of positive single-stranded RNA that codes for the virus's nine genes enclosed by a conical capsid composed of 2,000 copies of the viral protein p24. The single-stranded RNA is tightly bound to nucleocapsid proteins, p7, and enzymes needed for the deve... | Microbiology | null |
158c4658-58b3-4ba8-8aa7-d910cb40eaac | Rigor mortis start in - | Eyelids | Heart | Voluntary muscles | Limbs | 1b | single | null | Forensic Medicine | null |
099ded4d-af93-4938-bcc1-a052fb3d9fd6 | Most common type of RCC associated with dialysis: | Clear cell CA | Papillary CA | Medullary CA | Chromophobe | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Papillary CA | Unknown | null |
8a0df935-4989-4600-a61a-887f08c92fc6 | All are true about Erythema multiforme except | Target lesion | Does not involve mucosa | Associated with HSV | Extensor involvement | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
5e87322a-3be9-4b85-8497-0a5778ab5da6 | Which of the following is true about Ganer cyst ? | It is remnant of Mesonephric duct in females. | It is functionally active in females. | It is remnant of Paramesonephric duct in females. | In males,it forms excretory system of male reproductive system. | 0a | multi | Ganer cyst is basically a remnant of mesonephric or wolffian duct which remains vestigeal and functionally inactive in females. In males it forms collecting pa of male reproductive system. | Anatomy | Development of GU system and Neuro-vascular supply of pelvis & perineum |
3ef7c2b9-06b0-419a-af6a-3171fa549bea | Main mechanism in thermoregulation-heat loss is | Radiation | Evaporation | Conduction | Convection | 0a | single | Heat is lost from the body mainly by radiation (60%), evaporation (22%) and Conduction (18%). | Physiology | null |
7beda74e-899b-435a-8b56-2914b35d413d | Which of the muscle in male is equivalent for vaginal sphincter in female? | Levator prostatae | Anococcygeal body | Puborectalis | Bulbospongiosus | 0a | single | The sphincter vaginae (levator prostatae in the male) form a sling around the vagina and are inseed into a mass of fibrous tissue, called the perineal body. Ref: Clinical Anatomy by Systems By Richard S. Snell, 2007, Page 861. | Anatomy | null |
2342d699-05cc-4929-a455-98f4edb75bc2 | Drug of choice for CML is? | Imatinib | Hydroxurea | Infliximab | IFN | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) ImatinibREF: Harrison s 17th ed, CMDT 2008 p. 444The drug treatment of choice for CML when Allogenic SCT (stem cell therapy) is not feasible is IMATINIBIFN-tz used to be the drug treatment of choice for CML when IMATINIB was not available | Medicine | Blood |
bb0e4fdd-cc3e-4a34-8aa7-28f0eed417af | The ideal replacement for the oesophagus after oesophagus after esophagectomy is | Stomach | Jejunum | Colon | Synthetic stent | 0a | single | .Only 20% of oesophageal cancers present early and becomes curable. In such early growths confirmed with an absence of nodal spread, curative surgery is the main approach - radical oesophagectomy. Proximal extent of resection should be 10 cm above a macroscopic tumour and distal extent of resection is 5 cm from the mac... | Surgery | G.I.T |
c4ad4e9f-6c50-44f6-a069-e4d5df742920 | Egg has all vitamins except - | B1 | B6 | C | E | 2c | multi | Expect vitamin C, egg contain all fat soluble vitamin. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 582 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
e9e4d293-04ea-45a8-a654-63cad69b26d0 | Lewy bodies contain | a-synuclein | Tirofiban | Melanin | Amyloid | 0a | single | (A) a-synuclein # Examination of brain in Parkinson's Disease (PD):> Grossly reveals mild frontal atrophy with loss of the normal dark melanin pigment of the midbrain.> Microscopically there is degeneration of the dopaminergic cells with the presence of Lewy bodies (LBs) in the remaining neurons and processes of the su... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
46a0da3b-973e-48dd-9857-78b894ea50bf | Which peak on MR spectroscopy is seen in tuberculoma? | Lipid lactate | N-acetyl aspaate | Creatinine | Choline | 0a | single | MR-spectroscopy usually reveals a large lipid lactate peak at 0.9 to 1.33 ppm and reduced NAA. The lipid peak in tuberculoma is primarily due to the predominant lipid content in the cell wall of tubercle bacillus. Presence of lactate indicates anaerobic glycolysis and necrosis within the Tuberculoma. However, lipid lac... | Radiology | Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
7fb02341-81c1-498b-aad1-65cfca6cb00c | In Wilson disease, hepatic copper content usually exceeds_____________ dry weight | 200 mg/g | 250 mg/g | 300 mg/g | 350 mg/g | 1b | multi | In Wilson's disease, hepatic copper content usually exceeds 250 mg/g dry weight (>4 mmol/g dry weight is the best biochemical evidence for Wilson disease). | Pediatrics | Liver disorders |
09a7f48a-9ace-411e-a20a-d9c58bd2e3c0 | Lunate sulcus is present in | Frontal lobe | Parietal lobe | Temporal lobe | Occipital lobe | 3d | single | The occipital lobe sulciA. Transverse occipital B. Lateral occipital C. Lunate D. Superior and inferior polarReference: Chaurasia; 6th edition; 417 page | Anatomy | Brain |
05b22f8a-162c-4d8c-be93-945710006c5b | Regarding transpo of Ca++ across a membrane, which of the following is true? | It is a passive transpo | It is a sympo | Maintains a high intracellular Ca++ concentration | Requires hydrolysis of ATP | 3d | multi | Calcium transpo occurs by secondary active transpo. Hence, option A is incorrect It is an antipo or counter transpo; occurring as Na+/ Ca++ exchanger. Hence, option B is incorrect It is primarily aimed at maintaining a low cytosolic Ca++. Thus, option C is incorrect. To maintain a low intracytoplasmic Ca++, calcium is ... | Physiology | Transpo Processes |
aa4728dd-8af6-4734-8c18-593d8c079796 | Adenovirus causes - | Keratoenjuctivitis | Diarrhea | Parotid enlargement | All of the above | 0a | multi | It causes epidemic keratoconjunctivitis REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.482 | Microbiology | Virology |
f93da77e-09c0-47ae-bc2d-15100d0511bf | Testosterone in male secreted from: | Leydig cell | Sertoli cell | Seminal vesicle | Epididymis | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Leydig cellRef: LB. Singh 9th ed. /14-16* Leydig cell secrete testosterone* Sertoli cells helps in maturation of spermatozoa* Epididymis:store sperm* Seminal vesicle: secretes thick alkaline fluid. | Anatomy | Male Sex Glands |
7706664f-dfc9-49e3-98da-4abc42791f3f | Role of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast carcinoma patient is: March 2011 | Curing distant metastasis | To shrink the tumour to enable breast conserving therapy | Limiting metastasis | Symptomatic | 1b | single | Ans. B: To shrink the tumour to enable breast conserving therapy Primary chemotherapy (neoadjuvant) is being used in many centres for large but operable tumours that would traditional require a mastectomy (and almost ceainly postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy) The aim of this treatment is to shrink the tumour to enabl... | Surgery | null |
276160b3-9695-4aa9-94dd-a97b86785c36 | Sialography report of a 46-year-old female suggests: | Sialiolithiasis. | Normal parotid appearance. | Sjogren syndrome. | None. | 2c | multi | Image shows cherry blossom appearance. | Pathology | null |
7163f860-82f2-44f6-ba64-dc394ae5b1b8 | Which response is not seen in newborns as a measure of thermogenesis? | Shivering | Breakdown of brown fat | Universal flexion | Cutaneous vasoconstrictions | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) ShiveringREF: O.P Ghai 6th ed p. 151,152"Newborn cannot produce heat by shivering"Mechanisms for thermogenesis in new born are mainly due to rapid increase in circulating catecholamines due to cold stressLipolysis and re-esterification of brown fatPeripheral vasoconstrictionIncrease heart rate | Pediatrics | Newborn Infant - Physical Examination |
f71815e1-abe4-414e-b903-c097a31267fd | Which of the following is more prone to Carcinoma? | Barret esophagus | Boerhaave syndrome | Mallory Weiss tear | Esophageal varices | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) Barrett esophagusRef: Bailey & Love 26th ed. ch 62! 1000* Barrett's metaplasia, endoscopically recognized by tongues of reddish mucosa extending proximally from the gastroesophageal junction or histopathologically by the finding of specialized columnar metaplasia (intestinal type with goblet cells), is associa... | Surgery | Esophageal Diseases - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Carcinoma |
d05b04d5-f285-4fad-ba3e-c3433ddb68d2 | Berkesonian bias refers to - | Bias arsing from different rates of admission to the hospital | Bias arising from presence of confounding factors | Bias arising from the case not being representative of general population | Bias arising from improper selection of cases | 0a | single | This special example of berkesonian bias is termed after Dr. Joseph Berkesonian who recognized this problem. Ref: 25th edition, Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, Page no. 81, 82 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
3434c6e4-7513-482e-bd83-8b3d6bfd5ef0 | Which does not indicate fetal lung maturity' - | Reactive NST | Gestation 37 weeks | Presence of phosphatidyl choline | L/S ratio | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Reactive NST | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Fetal Assessment |
339e8ba7-6b74-497b-96ec-3dc4aced515a | A 20 years old nulliparous women is on oral contraceptives pills. She is currently diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis. Which anti-tubercular drug decreases the effect of OCP | INH | Pyrazinamide | Ethambutol | Rifampicin | 3d | single | Ans. is d i.e. Rifampicin Interacuons of OCP's with other Drugs | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e91c317c-8241-4698-9406-b8dbfbe17fb1 | All are toxicity seen with amiodarone therapy except | Pulmonary fibrosis | Corneal microdeposits | Cirrhosis of liver | Productive cough | 3d | multi | Refer katzung 11e p 241 Amiodarone-induced pulmonarytoxicity (APT) is one of the most serious side effects of use. Incidence is approximately 5% when doses of 400 mg or more are used daily. ... Amiodarone pulmonarytoxicity can present in various ways: pneumonia interstitial disease, respiratory distress or solitary pul... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
eb6e9bf6-0917-4102-bae0-a39998dc7a5b | Cerebrospinal fluid is filled between: | Dura mater and arachnoid mater | Arachnoid mater and Pia mater | Pia mater and Brain surface | Dura mater and Pia mater | 1b | single | Subarachnoid space is a wide space between the pia and the arachnoid, filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
It surrounds the brain and spinal cord like a water cushion. The spinal subarachnoid space is wider than the space around the brain. It is widest below the lower end of the spinal cord where it encloses the caud... | Anatomy | null |
5220900c-0455-46e8-8887-3ef5fd472a17 | Stroke volume is increased by ? | Increased end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes | Decreased end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes | Increased end-diastolic volume and decreased end-systolic volume | Decrased end-diastolic volume and increased end-systolic volume | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increased end-diastolic volume and decreased end-systolic volumeThe stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out by left ventricle in each stroke.Stroke volume is given by the difference between end-diastolic ventricular volume (the volume of blood in the left ventricle at the end of diastole; norm... | Physiology | null |
15f23eb5-8df6-403f-acb6-f47f411eb7da | No anti - inflammatory action is seen with which of the following- | Indomethacin | Paracetamol | Ketorolac | Ibuprofen | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Paracetamol o It does not possess anti-inflammatory activity because it is ineffective in the presence of peroxides generated at the site of inflammation. | Pharmacology | null |
424a595e-fdc3-44f9-b721-2edd96753473 | Westermark sign is seen in: | Pulmonary embolism | Pulmonary sequestration | Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis | Pneumothorax | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Pulmonary embolism Ref- Westermark sign is a sign of pulmonary embolus seen on chest radiographs. It is one of several described signs of pulmonary embolus on chest radiographs. Pathology The theory behind the sign is either obstruction of the pulmonary artery or distal vasoconstriction in hypoxic lung 3. In o... | Unknown | null |
f9fd7fd3-0b91-487d-a2be-6e98101abd6a | True about Congenital Rubella syndrome is | It will become a chronic infection | Virus can be isolated only upto 6months after bih | Triad of CRS are cataract, cardiac defects, cerebral palsy | Infection is most serious after five months of pregnancy | 0a | multi | * Rubella infection gets transmitted by veical transmission and bih defects is more common when acquired during first trimester of pregnancy. * Bih defects are uncommon when infection is acquired after 20 weeks of gestation. * Congenital Rubella syndrome leads to cardiac defects, cataract and deafness; (Classical triad... | Microbiology | Virology |
02c32231-a5d0-47c9-ada2-6cbf18797f1a | Scarring alopecia is seen in - | T.Capitis | Androgenic alopecia | Alopecia areata | Lichen planus | 3d | single | Causes of cicatricial alopecia: -Discoid lupus erythematosus and morphea - developmental /hereditary : aplasia cutis -traumatic, post radiation -herpes zoster and bacterial infections -lichen planopilaris - neoplastic disorders Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1234 | Dental | Anatomy of skin |
a84b619f-eae4-4634-b60b-4cc420014ec1 | Donesumab, a monoclonal antibody against RANK ligand is used for the treatment of: | Rheumatoid arthritis | Osteoporosis | Osteoarthritis | Systemic lupus erythematosis | 1b | single | Ans. (B) Osteoporosis(Ref: Principles of pharmacolpg HL Sharma and KK Sharma 2007/641)Receptor for activated nuclear factor kB (RANK) is present on osteoclast progenitors. Binding of RANK-ligand to these receptors causes differentiation and activation of osteoclast progenitors to mature osteoclasts. Donesumab is a mono... | Pharmacology | Immunomodulatory: DMARDS, Monoclonal Antibodies |
4751aa6f-f229-4e0e-9c5a-6d3089dfd11d | Type IV hypersensitivity is - | Ig E mediated | Immune complex mediated | Cell mediated | Antibody mediated | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cell mediated Cell mediated (Type IV) hypersensitivity o It is initiated by activated T-lymphocytes. o It includes Delayed type hypersensitivity - mediated by CD-4 T cells. T-cell mediated cytotoxicity - mediated by CD8- T cells. 1. Delayed type hypersensitivity In delayed hypersensitivity reactions, ... | Pathology | null |
3f9efec2-d27f-4f64-a42d-b8aab523f023 | The sulphur granules in the wound are diagnostic of: | Nocardia | Actinomyces | Clostridium welchii | Aspergillus flavum | 1b | single | Actinomyces | Microbiology | null |
cd54d597-0155-44e7-a3e5-1f4b1350a7c6 | Infraorbital anesthesia involves which nerve: | Anterior superior alveolar nerve | Posterior superior alveolar nerve | Facial nerve | Mandibular nerve | 0a | single | null | Surgery | null |
b83abaf5-f646-4f09-87f6-f05527fba941 | Vector borne diseases are – a) Syphilisb) Typhusc) Dengued) J.E. | abc | bcd | ac | bd | 1b | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ade59ff2-068c-4266-86a5-71f7a110aa27 | Which one of the following deficits results from the destruction of the ciliary ganglion? | Loss of corneal reflex | Loss of direct pupillary reflex | Loss of lacrimation | Miosis | 1b | single | Destruction of the ciliary ganglion interrupts postganglionic parasympathetic fibers, which innervate the sphincter pupillae and ciliaris; this results in- loss of the direct pupillary reflex, mydriasis, and loss of accommodation. | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy 3 |
689aa2a9-b56f-4cf5-b3e5-6a3aa0a4870f | Loosers Zones/ Pseudofractures are commonly seen in the following areas except - | Scapula | Ribs | Pelvis | Radius | 3d | multi | Answer- D. RadiusScapulaMedial femoral neck & shaftPubic & Ischial ramiLesser trochanteRibs & clavicleProximal ulna & radiusPhalanges, metacarpals & metatarsals | Surgery | null |
3d4c9a31-81f6-415b-9433-c81ad9dcf445 | Psammoma bodies features are all except: | Seen in meningioma | Concentric whorled appearance | Seen in papillary thyroid carcinoma | Seen in teratoma | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) Seen in teratoma(Ref: R 9th/pg 65; 8th/pg 38)Psammoma bodies (PBs) are concentric lamellated calcified structures, observed most commonly in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), meningioma, and papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma of ovaryThey represent a process of dystrophic calcification | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
52eff98b-36b7-4295-b175-ac544a6385e9 | Test for detection or old blood stain is - | Gel diffusion | Precipitin test | Absorption elution test | Benzidine test | 3d | single | Amongst the given options, only benzidine test is used to detect the nature of stain, i.e. whether it is blood or not. | Forensic Medicine | null |
049a3117-5420-4562-9b0d-cca0da3c4c1d | Cirrhotic ascites has all the features except | Straw colour | Specific gravity < 1060 | Leucocyte count < 200/cu mm | Serum ascitic albumin gradient <1 | 3d | multi | Serum-ascites albumin gradient g/dl > 1.1 in ascitic fluid caused by cirrhosis | Pathology | All India exam |
6f67f33e-8594-485f-92c2-18986a4c05fa | Myasthenia gravis may be associated with | Thymoma | Systemic lupus erythematous | Hypehyroidism | All the above | 3d | multi | Ref Robbins 7/e p1344; 9/e p1235-1236; Harrison 16/e p2521 table 366-3 MYASTHENIA GRAVIS (MG) is an autoimmune disease characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission due to circulating antiacetylcholine receptor autoantibodies (AchRAb) (1). The frequent association of MG with thymic disease, such as follicular hy... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
efc3c8e5-0d20-445b-834e-401cce6ce600 | The recognized behaviour in a society is called | Custom | Tradition | Culture | Folkways | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
920c9641-cd85-4fe0-bedc-1db132f31850 | The maximum depression of the soft palate is recorded when Frankfort horizontal plane is | 30° below the horizontal plane | 10° below the horizontal plane | 60° below the horizontal plane | 80° below the horizontal plane | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
6a2dd9ad-67e2-4be0-ac9c-33d46b521203 | A Central midline neck swelling is noted in a 4 yr old girl posted for tonsillectomy. The swelling is, painless. mobile, and cystic, just below the hyoid bone of size 2x1.1x1cm. U/S showed a thick walled cystic lesion. Management would include | Surgical removal | Antibiotics | Percutaneous aspiration | Chest X-ray | 0a | multi | Mid line cystic swelling, mostly just below hyoid is thyroglossal cyst. Treatment is surgical removal (Sistrunk operation). | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast |
57eda9fd-1f08-4b35-abdf-0201a1b6287a | Mesh is sutured to the edge of the defect, this is called | Onlay mesh | Inlay mesh | Underlay mesh | Sublay mesh | 1b | multi | A well-placed mesh should have good overlap around all margins of the defect, at least 2 cm but up to 5 cm if possible. Suturing a mesh edge to edge into the defect is inlay mesh, this is not recommended.The mesh can be placed:Just outside the muscle in the subcutaneous space (onlay); Within the defect (inlay) - only a... | Surgery | General surgery |
9e13c593-2ecb-47fb-8121-3ecb7a90fd03 | A patient presents with hematuria for many days. On investigations he is found to have calcifications in the wall of urinary bladder and small contracted bladder; most probable cause is | Schistosomiasis | Amyloidosis | Tuberculosis | Ca urinary bladder | 0a | multi | Schistosomiasis sometimes heralded by painless, recurrent hematuria, dysuria, or urinary frequency. It is first suspected cause for hematuria in endemic areas (sub saharan africa) Long-term urogenital schistosomiasis results in fibrosis that may obstruct urinary drainage and result in organ dysfunction. Ultrasonography... | Surgery | Urology |
fe1ff803-d606-48e6-96f0-c7fc620ada3a | Plasmapharesis is used in all of the following except | Myaesthenic crisis | Cholinergic crisis | Gullian Barre syndrome | Polymyositis | 1b | multi | Plasmapheresis of the autologuous and exchange types is used to treat a variety of disorders, including those of the immune system, such as Goodpasture's syndrome, Guillain-Barre syndrome, lupus, Polymyositis , myasthenia gravis, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Ref - pubmed.com | Medicine | Immune system |
6a547af3-6fda-4a1d-bcec-cb8aff639d89 | Conduction velocity of nerve is reduced in all of the following conditions, except | Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN) | Acute Inflammatroy Demyelinating Neuropathy(AIDP) | Hereditary Sencory Motor Neuropathy (HSM) | Multifocal Motor Neuropathy | 0a | multi | Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) is a variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome. It is characterized by acute paralysis and loss of reflexes without sensory loss. Pathologically, there is motor axonal degeneration with antibody-mediated attacks of motor nerves and nodes of Ranvier The syndrome typically presents as a prog... | Medicine | C.N.S |
425eef96-7df3-459f-a6b1-de49a5aaef9f | Antemoem burn differ from postmoem burns by all except | Pus in vesicle | Vesicle with hyperemic base | Vesicle containing air | Infammatory red line | 2c | multi | Vesicle containing air. In Antemoem burns, vesicles contain serous fluids with proteins & chlorides while in postmoem burns vesicles contain air. Trait Antemoem Burns Postmoem Burns 1 Line of redness Present Absent 2 Veiscles Contain albuminous fluid and chlorides Contain air 3 Infection Pus and sloughing Nil 4 Healing... | Forensic Medicine | null |
ad515212-cf7b-4391-bd35-38029343c63f | Alpha-fetoprotein in maternal serum and/or amniotic fluid is increased in all except - | Fetal neural tube defects | Down's syndrome | Anencephaly | Encephalocele | 1b | multi | null | Medicine | null |
867491aa-2a0a-4718-98ea-9d2493b5df89 | All are true about panel discussion except – | Two way discussion | 6 to 20 members participates | Chief members initiates | Each one prepares the topic of discussion | 1b | multi | Panel discussion
It is a two way communication.
4 - 8 persons who are qualified to talk about a topic and discuss a given problem in front of a large group or audience.
The panel comprises a chairman.
The chairman opens the meeting, welcomes the group and introduces the panel speakers.
He introduces topic briefly and... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
38a23996-6981-4dde-b46b-5aea79034fd9 | All of the following are X-linked except: | G-6 PD deficiency | Hemophilia -A | Von Willebrandt's disease | Fragile X syndrome | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Von Willebrand disease) : Von Willebrand disease is inherited as autosomal dominant disorder. It is not X-linked. | Medicine | null |
015f8b1c-8bdc-4c2f-8e4b-1ee1b20f7ab6 | A patient has a functional shift towards right due to
cross bite, the indicated treatment is | Maxillary expansion bilaterally | Expansion of maxilla on the side of functional shift | Expansion of maxilla opposite to the side of functional shift | None of the above | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
06e5a8a8-3c34-4d25-9e5d-e9826bf954a1 | Humoral immunodeficiency is suspected in a patient and he is under investigation. Which of the following infections would not be consistent with the diagnosis? | Giardiasis | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia | Recurrent sinusitis | Recurrent subcutaneous abscesses | 1b | single | Answer is B (Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) : Pneumocystis carinii infections are associated with deficient cell mediated immunity and not with humoral immunodeficiency. Humoral immunodeficiencies i.e. predominantly antibody deficiencies are associated with recurrent serious infections with pyogenic bacteria and giard... | Medicine | null |
9487b690-3d93-41e4-8557-c24c63c896d8 | The resting uretric pressure ? | 5-7 cm of Hp | 15-30 cm of Hp | 7-10 cm of Hp | 0-5 cm of 1-120 | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e. 0-5 cm of H20 "Baseline or resting ureteral pressure is approx. 0 to 5 cm 1120, and superimposed ureteral contraction ranging from 20 to 80 cm H20 occur two to six times per minute." - Cambell's Urology | Surgery | null |
a9f591a3-72f8-444e-833d-00a815205261 | True about heat hematoma: PGI 12 | Inside the brain | Between skull and dura mater | Between skull and pericranium | Between scalp and pericranium | 1b | multi | Ans. Between skull and dura mater | Forensic Medicine | null |
c9792efb-4131-42d6-9429-43d9da8ba0e3 | Under National Cancer control Programme, oncology wings were sanctioned to - | Regional Cancer institutes | District Hospitals | Medical college Hospitals | Voluntary Agenecies treating cancer patients | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Medical college Hospital o Government hospital and government medical colleges arc provided with a grant of Rs 3.00 crores for the development of oncology wing. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
5953863f-3390-4116-b2b7-38668eb888ab | The first gastrectomy was performed in 1881 by ? | Mickuliz | Wolfer | Billroth | Moynihan | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Billroth | Surgery | null |
007d63f9-11b9-469f-a328-c18a4c84501f | Which of the following is not a second generation antihistamines | Cyclizine | Fexofenadine | Loratidine | Acrivastine | 0a | single | Antihistamines are classified as first generation and second generation compounds on the basis of CNS penetration and anticholinergic propeies. first generation antihistamines can penetrate blood brain barrier and possess additional anticholinergic propeies which are lacking in second generation drugs. cyclizine is a f... | Pharmacology | Autacoids |
f4f8798d-722a-4953-b10d-68751d8729e8 | All of the following are features of post-tubal ligation syndrome except: | Abnormal menstrual bleeding | Dysmenorrhea | Pelvic pain | Dysparaunia | 3d | multi | Ans. is d, i.e. DyspareuniaRef: Dutta obs 7th/ed, p 557Post ligation syndrome-Some patients after tubal ligation can experience post-ligation syndrome characterized by menstrual irregularities like menorrhagia, or irregular periods along with pelvic pain or congestive dysmenorrhea and cystic ovaries.It is vascular in o... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives |
9ca01d9e-2ad2-4492-9499-5402d270696e | Post coital test is used to assess : | Cervical factor | Vagical factor | Uterine factor | Nose | 0a | single | Cervical factor | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0bfed726-df32-491c-8da0-1a119cbf9404 | Reid index is useful in the diagnosis of: | Chronic bronchitis | Bronchial asthma | Bronchiectasis | Emphysema | 0a | single | Ref: Chapter 15. The Lung: page: 688: Robbins and Cot ran Pathologic Basis of Disease: 8th editionExplanation:* The Reid index is ratio of the thickness of the mucous gland layer to the thickness of wall between the epithelium and cartilage.The normal Reid index is 0.4 and it is increased in chronic bronchitis, usually... | Pathology | Obstructive Lung Diseases |
e07bb19d-7b1f-4df4-afd7-5a920e400cd2 | Secondary hemorrhage after hysterectomy usually occurs | Immediately | Within 2 days | Between 5-10 days | Between 10-14 days | 2c | multi | Ans. c (Between 5-10 days) (Ref. Dutta Gynecology 4th ed., 208; Shaw's Gynecology, 14th ed., p 228)# Hemorrhage (COMPLICATIONS OF HYSTER CTOMY)- Primary: within 24 hours (due to slipping of ligature usually that of vaginal angle)- Secondary: usually between 5-10 days (but may occur even in 3rd week) | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Operative Gynaecology |
e79c7cad-3b1f-4f3f-93a8-e7f6af647e3b | A 67-year-old woman has pulmonary function tests performed to evaluate symptoms of dyspnea. The most prominent finding is a reduction of the ratio of FEV1/FVC. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? | COPD | ankylosing spondylitis | Pickwickian syndrome | scleroderma of the chest wall | 0a | multi | The VC is reduced in emphysema, but the FEV1 is grossly reduced because of high airway resistance. In predominant emphysema, diffusing capacity is more profoundly decreased than in predominant bronchitis. | Medicine | Respiratory |
c3af2db1-c075-4a9f-8a06-752268d371cf | If 100 woman experience 20 accidental pregnancies after using a contraceptive method for 2 years each, Pearl index: | 0.1 per 100 women years | 100 per 1000 woman years | 10 accidental pregnancies per 1000 woman years using contraceptives | 10 accidental pregnancies per 100 woman years using contraceptives | 3d | single | Pearl index is defined as the number of "failures of contraception(i.e, accidental pregnancies) per 100 woman-years of exposure (HWY)" Failure rate per HMY = Total accidental pregnancies X 1200 ----------------------------------- Total months of exposure Thus, on entering values given in question, we get 10 as answer. ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | JIPMER 2017 |
09a64b04-343b-4045-aee2-3c4047bbe373 | Unfamiliarity of familiar things is seen in: | Deja vu | Jamais vu | Deja entendu | Deja pence | 1b | single | Jamais vu refers to the feeling of unfamiliarity for familiar things. Deja vu refers to the feeling that an event which is being currently experienced has also happened in the past. | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
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