pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
25,088,600 | Does mouse hepatocyte overexpression of NF-κB-inducing kinase ( NIK ) trigger fatal macrophage-dependent liver injury and fibrosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Damaged, necrotic, or apoptotic hepatocytes release damage-associated molecular patterns that initiate sterile inflammation, and liver inflammation drives liver injury and fibrosis. Here we identified hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-inducing kinase (NIK), a Ser/Thr kinase, as a novel trigg... | the hepatocyte NIK-liver immune cell axis promotes liver inflammation, injury, and fibrosis, thus driving liver disease progression. | yes |
25,092,916 | Does phosphoproteomic profiling reveal IL6-mediated paracrine signaling within the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Members of the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) contain tumor-associated translocations that give rise to oncogenic transcription factors, most commonly EWS/FLI1. EWS/FLI1 plays a dominant role in tumor progression by modulating the expression of hundreds of target genes. Here, the impact of... | EWS/FLI1 inhibition results in a novel adaptive response and suggests that targeting the IL6/STAT3 signaling pathway may increase the efficacy of ESFT therapies. | yes |
25,073,619 | Are `` These issues n't talked about at home '' : a qualitative study of the sexual and reproductive health information preferences of adolescents in Vanuatu? | {
"contexts": [
"Onset of sexual activity during adolescence is common in Vanuatu, however access to comprehensive sexual and reproductive health (SRH) information is limited. Improving adolescents' knowledge about SRH is necessary to improve health outcomes, however little is known about the information needs an... | Providing adolescents with comprehensive SRH information can have life-long protective benefits, however there are important content gaps in information currently provided in Vanuatu. The broad range of sources preferred by adolescents highlights the need to strengthen information provision through multiple channels to... | yes |
25,077,715 | Does measurement of a MMP-2 degraded Titin fragment in serum reflect changes in muscle turnover induced by atrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"In this study we sought to determine whether a Titin peptide fragment can serve as a clinical biomarker for changes in muscle mass.",
"Mass spectrometry was used to identify Titin fragment in urine. An antibody against this Titin sequence was raised and used to develop a competitive ELISA ass... | We developed a robust ELISA measuring a muscle derived MMP-2 generated Titin degradation fragment in rat and human serum. Importantly, the fragment can be measured in serum and that these levels are related to induction of skeletal muscle atrophy. | yes |
25,100,867 | Is hepatitis B virus sub-genotype A1 infection characterized by high replication levels and rapid emergence of drug resistance in HIV-positive adults receiving first-line antiretroviral therapy in Malawi? | {
"contexts": [
"It has been proposed that hepatitis B virus (HBV) sub-genotype A1 infections have mild outcomes and a low risk of drug-resistance among patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receiving lamivudine-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) without tenofovir in Africa.",
"The vi... | HBV sub-genotype A1 infections showed a severe virologic expression in HIV-positive Malawians. The findings strengthen the urgency of interventions to improve ascertainment and management of chronic hepatitis B in the region. | yes |
25,091,469 | Is cytosine deamination a major cause of baseline noise in next-generation sequencing? | {
"contexts": [
"As next-generation sequencing (NGS) becomes a major sequencing platform in clinical diagnostic laboratories, it is critical to identify artifacts that constitute baseline noise and may interfere with detection of low-level gene mutations. This is especially critical for applications requiring ult... | Baseline noise during NGS is mostly due to cytosine deamination, the source of which is likely to be both biologic and an artifact of thermocycling, and it can be reduced by UNG pretreatment. | yes |
25,073,884 | Does the long-term use of soap affect the pH-maintenance mechanism of human skin? | {
"contexts": [
"The pH at the surface of healthy human skin is around 5. Cleansing the skin with soap increases the pH of the skin, which then returns to a more acidic pH within a few hours. However, the effects of skin cleansing with soap over a long time on the pH regulatory system is still unclear.",
"We ... | These results suggest that long-term continuous use of a soap-based cleanser does not affect the pH-maintaining mechanism of human skin. | no |
25,070,349 | Does aliskiren inhibit prorenin-induced human aortic smooth muscle cell migration? | {
"contexts": [
"In the present study, we investigated the potential effect of aliskiren on smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration in response to prorenin.",
"Cultured human SMCs were incubated with angiotensinogen (ANG) (1.5 × 10(-7)M) and increasing concentrations of aliskiren (10(-6)-10(-5)M). After 24 h, SMC ... | Taken together, we provide the first evidence of the inhibitory action of aliskiren on SMC migration induced by prorenin. | yes |
25,084,200 | Do voriconazole plasma concentrations in immunocompromised pediatric patients vary by CYP2C19 diplotypes? | {
"contexts": [
"Our objective was to describe the association between voriconazole concentrations and CYP2C19 diplotypes in pediatric cancer patients, including children homozygous for the CYP2C19*17 gain-of-function allele.",
"A linear mixed effect model compared voriconazole dose-corrected trough concentra... | Younger age and the presence of CYP2C19 gain-of-function alleles were associated with subtherapeutic voriconazole concentrations. Starting doses based on age and CYP2C19 status could increase the number of patients achieving therapeutic voriconazole exposure. | yes |
25,084,202 | Are expression and activity of ABCG2 , but not ABCB1 or OATP1B1 , associated with cholesterol levels : evidence from in vitro and in vivo experiments? | {
"contexts": [
"This study investigated whether cholesterol levels influence the expression and function of drug transporters and whether statin treatments could alter this by reducing plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.",
"The mRNA expression and function of OATP1B1, ABCB1 and ABCG2 were asse... | This study suggested that statins may downregulate ABCG2 expression and function through reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. | yes |
25,085,801 | Are irregular menstruation and hyperandrogenaemia in adolescence associated with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility in later life : Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 study? | {
"contexts": [
"Do teenage girls with a history of menstrual irregularity and/or elevated androgen levels in adolescence exhibit an increased risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and/or infertility later on in adulthood?"
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE"
],
"meshes": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
... | Our results suggest that menstrual irregularity and/or elevated androgen levels at 16 years are still associated with symptoms of PCOS at 26 years as well as infertility problems at 26 years but not with decreased pregnancy or delivery rates at 26 years. | yes |
25,078,279 | Do novel MSH6 mutations in treatment-naïve glioblastoma and anaplastic oligodendroglioma contribute to temozolomide resistance independently of MGMT promoter methylation? | {
"contexts": [
"The current standard of care for glioblastoma (GBM) involves a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy, but this regimen fails to achieve long-term tumor control. Resistance to temozolomide is largely mediated by expression of the DNA repair enzyme MGMT; however, emerg... | These data demonstrate that endogenous MSH6 mutations may be present before alkylator therapy and occur in at least two histologic subtypes of adult glial neoplasms, with this report serving as the first to note these mutations in oligodendroglioma. These findings broaden our understanding of the clinical response to t... | yes |
25,083,178 | Is only female age , and not blood type , associated with ovarian reserve? | {
"contexts": [
"The association between blood types and ovarian reserve is investigated in this study.",
"As an index of ovarian reserve, women with a follicle stimulat- ing hormone (FSH) level of ≥10 mIU/ml in the early follicular phase were designated as having diminished ovarian reserve. In this prospecti... | Blood groups do not constitute a risk or protective factor for ovarian reserve. Therefore, blood groups do not have any predictive value in evaluating ovarian reserve. | yes |
25,078,344 | Do postmenopausal patients with endometrial cancer of type 1 have elevated serum estradiol levels in the ovarian vein? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 1 endometrial cancer (EC) is typically sex hormone sensitive; however, most women diagnosed with EC have already gone through menopause. Several studies have reported that the postmenopausal ovary is hormonally active, and estradiol (E2) production from the ovaries persists for as much as 10... | The postmenopausal ovary is hormonally active, especially in patients with type 1 EC. The degree of ovarian stromal hyperplasia may (at least in part) contribute to the progression of type 1 EC, and MV may predict the level of E2 production from the ovaries in postmenopausal women. | yes |
25,096,356 | Does penehyclidine hydrochloride decrease pulmonary microvascular permeability by upregulating beta arrestins in a murine cecal ligation and puncture model? | {
"contexts": [
"Penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) is a new anticholinergic drug, which has been shown to have a good curative effect for sepsis. Beta arrestins have been demonstrated to play important roles in sepsis. This study is to investigate the effects of PHC on pulmonary microvascular permeability and on ... | This study suggests that in the CLP-induced lung injury model, PHC could reduce pulmonary microvascular permeability by upregulating expressions of beta arrestins. | yes |
25,079,064 | Are intraretinal cysts the most relevant prognostic biomarker in neovascular age-related macular degeneration independent of the therapeutic strategy? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the impact of antiangiogenic monotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) as add-on strategy on retinal morphology, and to analyse prognostic biomarkers for visual outcome and retreatment frequency in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).",
"255 patients participat... | Combination and monotherapy showed a distinct response pattern for morphological parameters in nAMD. IRC was the only relevant prognostic parameter for functional outcome. | yes |
25,074,728 | Does severity of mild cognitive impairment in early Parkinson 's disease contribute to poorer quality of life? | {
"contexts": [
"Poor quality of life (QoL) is a feature of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) who develop dementia. The relationship between mild cognitive impairment in PD (PD-MCI) and QoL is less clear. To address this, we studied the impact of varying severities of cognitive impairment on QoL in a cohort of... | PD-MCI is a significant, independent factor contributing to poorer QoL in patients with newly diagnosed PD. Those classified with greatest impairment (2.0 SD below normal values) have lower QoL. This has implications for clinical practice and future interventions targeting cognitive impairments. | yes |
25,098,696 | Does p8 Deficiency cause siderosis in spleens and lymphocyte apoptosis in acute pancreatitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The gene p8 was initially described in pancreatic tissue during acute experimental pancreatitis, a disease that is characterized by a systemic immune response. Although early reports suggested that p8 affects leukocyte migration during acute pancreatitis (AP), no studies revealing its immune-modu... | We conclude that p8 has no impact on the cellular composition of the adaptive and innate immune systems in noninflammatory conditions. However, it may limit apoptosis and maintain homeostasis of the immune reaction during AP. | yes |
25,071,104 | Does tumor stage after neoadjuvant chemotherapy determine survival after surgery for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction? | {
"contexts": [
"Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is established in the management of most resectable esophageal and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinomas. However, assessing the downstaging effects of chemotherapy and predicting response to treatment remain challenging, and the relative importance of tumor stage befo... | The stage of esophageal or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy determines prognosis rather than the clinical stage before neoadjuvant chemotherapy, indicating the importance of focusing on postchemotherapy staging to more accurately predict outcome and eligibility for surgery. Patient... | yes |
25,086,789 | Do platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein VI gene variants affect recurrent pregnancy loss? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine whether platelet-specific collagen receptor glycoprotein VI (GP6) gene variants are associated with recurrent miscarriages (RM).",
"Genetic association study.",
"Tertiary care referral hospital.",
"A total of 200 women with at least three unexplained spontaneous abortions... | These results suggest that variants of GP6 SNPs, namely, rs1671153, rs1654410, rs1654419, and rs1613662, may be associated with risk of recurrent miscarriage. In silico analyses demonstrated the influence of GP6 in biologic pathways, molecular function, including collagen binding, and gene-gene interaction in the human... | yes |
25,073,836 | Does application site affect the pharmacokinetics of topical testosterone applied to the axilla compared with the inner arm? | {
"contexts": [
"This study compared the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of 1% testosterone solution after application to the inner arm or the axilla as application sites for transdermal testosterone therapy.",
"Healthy, not pregnant, premenopausal women, 18 to 45 years of age with a body mass index of 20 t... | The absorption of a 1% testosterone solution was significantly greater after application to the axilla than to the inner arm. Study number DDS16; Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration, CTN 2005/158. | yes |
25,086,814 | Does the biochemical severity of primary hyperparathyroidism correlate with the localization accuracy of sestamibi and surgeon-performed ultrasound? | {
"contexts": [
"Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism is dependent on preoperative localization, commonly with ultrasound and sestamibi imaging. This study sought to determine if preoperative serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels correlate with localization sensitivity... | Surgeon-performed ultrasound and sestamibi have higher localization rates and PPV, with increasing preoperative serum calcium and PTH levels. Surgeon-performed ultrasound may be a better initial test for patients with lower calcium (<10.5 mg/dL) and PTH (<90 pg/mL) values due to significantly higher localization rates;... | yes |
25,081,034 | Is tCR-triggered extracellular superoxide production required for T-cell activation? | {
"contexts": [
"In the last decade, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been shown to occur upon T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation and to affect TCR-mediated signalling. However, the exact reactive species that are produced, how ROS are generated and their requirement for T-cell activation, proliferatio... | Collectively, our data indicate that primary T cells produce extracellular superoxide upon TCR triggering, potentially via NOX2 at the plasma membrane. However, superoxide is not required for T-cell activation, proliferation and cytokine production. | no |
25,100,161 | Does lL37 induce VEGF expression in dental pulp cells through ERK signalling? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the in vitro effects of LL37 on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human pulp cells and to identify the intracellular signalling pathway involved.",
"Pulp cells at passage 6 were treated with 10 μg mL(-1) synthesized LL37, and an inhibition assay was per... | LL37 activated the ERK pathway to boost VEGF secretion from human pulp cells. Because of this angiogenic effect and its reported induction of pulp cell migration and antimicrobial activity against cariogenic bacteria, LL37 may be applicable as a pulp capping material. | yes |
25,072,932 | Are cDKN2A ( p16 ) and HRAS frequently mutated in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Two etiologic pathways of vulvar cancer are known, a human papillomavirus (HPV)- and a TP53-associated route, respectively, but other genetic changes may also play a role. Studies on somatic mutations in vulvar cancer other than TP53 are limited in number and size. In this study, we investigated ... | Somatic mutations were detected in 62% of VSCCs. As expected, HPV infection and TP53-mutations play a key role in the development of VSCC, but CDKN2A(p16), HRAS, and PIK3CA-mutations were also frequently seen in HPV-negative patients. Patients with somatic mutations, especially HRAS-mutations, have a significantly wors... | yes |
25,072,831 | Is myopia in young adults inversely related to an objective marker of ocular sun exposure : the Western Australian Raine cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the association between ocular sun exposure measured by conjunctival ultraviolet (UV) autofluorescence and myopic refractive error in young adults.",
"Cross-sectional study.",
"setting: Population-based cohort in Western Australia. study population: Total of 1344 mostly white... | In this young adult population, myopic refractive error was inversely associated with objectively measured ocular sun exposure, even after adjustment for potential confounders. This further supports the inverse association between outdoor activity and myopia. | yes |
25,099,132 | Is acrolein exposure associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk? | {
"contexts": [
"Acrolein is a reactive aldehyde present in high amounts in coal, wood, paper, and tobacco smoke. It is also generated endogenously by lipid peroxidation and the oxidation of amino acids by myeloperoxidase. In animals, acrolein exposure is associated with the suppression of circulating progenitor ... | Regardless of its source, acrolein exposure is associated with platelet activation and suppression of circulating angiogenic cell levels, as well as increased CVD risk. | yes |
25,098,666 | Do inflammatory cytokines promote the retrodifferentiation of tumor-derived hepatocyte-like cells to progenitor cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) heterogeneity promotes recurrence and resistance to therapies. Recent studies have reported that HCC may be derived not only from adult hepatocytes and hepatoblasts but also hepatic stem/progenitors. In this context, HepaRG cells may represent a suitable cellu... | Cancer progenitor cells (or metastasis progenitors) may derive from tumor-derived hepatocyte-like cells in an inflammatory environment that is frequently associated with HCC. | yes |
25,098,661 | Does biomechanical comparison of 3 ankle brace with and without free rotation in the sagittal plane? | {
"contexts": [
"Various designs of braces including hinged and nonhinged models are used to provide external support of the ankle. Hinged ankle braces supposedly allow almost free dorsiflexion and plantar flexion of the foot in the sagittal plane. It is unclear, however, whether this additional degree of freedom... | All ankle braces showed stabilizing effects against dynamic and passive foot inversion. Differences between the hinged braces and the nonhinged brace did not appear to be clinically relevant. | yes |
25,092,985 | Are lower serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels associated with failure to achieve remission in patients with major depression after escitalopram treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Remission, the primary goal of treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD), is the absence of significant signs or symptoms and the return to a state of normal functioning. A recent study found that the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) increased after antidepressant treatment i... | This study included a small sample, and measured serum BDNF levels in the MDD patients at only one point during the maintenance treatment. | yes |
25,100,404 | Do mesenchymal stem cells maintain blood-brain barrier integrity by inhibiting aquaporin-4 upregulation after cerebral ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Cerebral ischemia upregulates aquaporin-4 expression, increases blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and induces brain edema. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can repress inflammatory cytokines and show great potential for ischemic stroke therapy. However, the effect of MSCs regarding the protect... | MSCs protected BBB integrity by reducing the apoptosis of astrocytes after ischemic attack, which was due to the attenuation of inflammatory response and downregulation of aquaporin-4 expression via p38 signaling pathway. | yes |
25,088,155 | Is three-dimensional speckle strain echocardiography more accurate and efficient than 2D strain in the evaluation of left ventricular function? | {
"contexts": [
"Two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) has been used widely in research, but rarely in clinical practice because data acquisition and analysis are time-consuming. By reducing the acquisition and analysis time, 3-dimensional STE may improve clinical impact. We investigated the f... | Three-dimensional STE is feasible and reproducible in the estimation of LV function, requires substantially less time than 2DSTE and is a more feasible technique for LV function assessment in clinical practice. | yes |
25,088,680 | Is the risk of uterine rupture increased with single- compared with double-layer closure : a Swedish cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare single- with double-layer closure of the uterus for the risk of uterine rupture in women attempting vaginal birth after one prior caesarean delivery.",
"Cohort study.",
"Sweden.",
"From a total of 19 604 nulliparous women delivered by caesarean section in the years 2001-200... | There was no significant difference in the rate of uterine rupture when single-layer closure was compared with double -layer closure of the uterus. | no |
25,073,029 | Are low serum mannose-binding lectin levels associated with inflammation and apoptosis in early surveillance allograft biopsies? | {
"contexts": [
"Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a protein of the innate immune system that participates in host defense and the tissue injury/repair process, enhancing the clearance of apoptotic cells by macrophages. The aim is to characterize the relationship between pre-transplant MBL levels, histological lesi... | Low pre-transplant serum MBL levels are associated with more severe inflammation and increased apoptosis in early surveillance renal allograft biopsies suggesting that MBL modulates renal inflammation after transplantation. | yes |
25,096,924 | Do hDL-C levels modify the association between C-reactive protein and coronary artery calcium score? | {
"contexts": [
"C-reactive protein (CRP) levels predict incident and recurrent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events; however, associations between CRP and pre-clinical atherosclerosis is less certain. Since high concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are inversely associated with CVD risk,... | The association between CRP concentration and CAC score differed according to HDL-C levels. | yes |
25,070,754 | Does the COMFORT behaviour scale detect clinically meaningful effects of analgesic and sedative treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"The COMFORT behaviour scale (COMFORT-B scale) is widely used in paediatric intensive care units to assess young children's pain and distress. It is also used to assess the impact of treatment interventions, but little is known on the scale's sensitivity to detect changes between before and after ... | This is the first study demonstrating that the COMFORT-B scale detects treatment-related changes in pain or distress intensity. This implies that COMFORT-B assessments can effectively guide analgesic and sedation treatment in critically ill children. | yes |
25,077,090 | Is fasting serum C-peptide useful for initial classification of diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents? | {
"contexts": [
"With rising obesity rates in children, it is increasingly difficult to differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) on clinical grounds alone. Using C-peptide as a method of classifying diabetes mellitus (DM) has been suggested. This study aimed to find a correlation bet... | In this study, we found that if the C-peptide level was <0.6 ng/mL at diagnosis, T2DM could be excluded; if C-peptide level was >3.0 ng/mL, a T1DM diagnosis is unlikely. This finding suggests that serum fasting C-peptide level is useful for classifying DM type at the time of diagnosis in youth. | yes |
25,070,371 | Does bRAT1 deficiency cause increased glucose metabolism and mitochondrial malfunction? | {
"contexts": [
"BRAT1 (BRCA1-associated ATM activator 1) interacts with both BRCA1, ATM and DNA-PKcs, and has been implicated in DNA damage responses. However, based on our previous results, it has been shown that BRAT1 may be involved in cell growth and apoptosis, besides DNA damage responses, implying that the... | These findings suggest novel roles of BRAT1 in cell proliferation and mitochondrial functions. | yes |
25,089,018 | Does sophocarpine attenuate toll-like receptor 4 in steatotic hepatocytes to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis? | {
"contexts": [
"Sophocarpine, a tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid derived from Sophora alopecuroides L., has been documented that it can suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis in alleviating nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in vivo. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a pattern recognition receptor whose a... | Sophocarpine could decrease the expression of TLR4 in steatotic hepatocytes and suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines synthesis. NF-κB, JNK, and ERK signaling pathways were important workable downstream pathways. | yes |
25,091,178 | Does postoperative PTH monitoring of hypocalcemia expedite discharge after thyroidectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"Hypocalcemia is the most common complication after total thyroidectomy. Some patients need to stay in the hospital for monitoring of hypocalcemic symptoms and serum calcium levels for several days. We investigated the efficacy and safety of using early postoperative parathyroid hormone (PTH) resu... | Postoperative PTH level after total thyroidectomy facilitates early supplementation therapy and abates symptomatic hypocalcemia. It also allows early and safe patient discharge. | yes |
25,079,975 | Does the application of McBurney 's single-incision laparoscopic colectomy alleviate the response of patients to postoperative wound pain? | {
"contexts": [
"Single-incision laparoscopic colectomy (SILC) is one of several promising operation choices. Our previous study demonstrated that SILC with a self-made glove-port system both improves the feasibility of SILC and decreases the cost expense of surgery. Because the incision site for SILC could be ma... | This study further provides evidence for supporting the safety and feasibility of SILC in treating colorectal diseases. More important is that McBurney's SILC not only alleviates the patient response to wound pain, but also provides the same site for a diverting enterostomy to avoid creating an additional wound. | yes |
25,096,796 | Is bortezomib-associated peripheral neuropathy requiring medical treatment decreased by administering the medication by subcutaneous injection in Korean multiple myeloma patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN) is a significant neurotoxicity, requiring dose reduction or the delay of treatment. In a multicentre trial including 97 % Caucasians and 3 % Asians, BIPN was shown to occur less frequently in cases in which bortezomib was administered subcutaneously... | Since the responses were potent regardless of administration route, the subcutaneous injection of bortezomib should be considered in Asian myeloma patients who are expected to achieve a longer PFS with bortezomib. | yes |
25,073,001 | Does blockade of the programmed death-1 pathway restore sarcoidosis CD4 ( + ) T-cell proliferative capacity? | {
"contexts": [
"Effective therapeutic interventions for chronic, idiopathic lung diseases remain elusive. Normalized T-cell function is an important contributor to spontaneous resolution of pulmonary sarcoidosis. Up-regulation of inhibitor receptors, such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1, are i... | Analogous to the effects in other chronic lung diseases, these findings demonstrate that the PD-1 pathway is an important contributor to sarcoidosis CD4(+) T-cell proliferative capacity and clinical outcome. Blockade of the PD-1 pathway may be a viable therapeutic target to optimize clinical outcomes. | yes |
25,072,759 | Does cerebral performance category at hospital discharge predict long-term survival of cardiac arrest survivors receiving targeted temperature management*? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite recent advancements in post-cardiac arrest resuscitation, the optimal measurement of postarrest outcome remains unclear. We hypothesized that Cerebral Performance Category score can predict the long-term outcome of postarrest survivors who received targeted temperature management during t... | Patients with different Cerebral Performance Category scores at discharge have significantly different survival trajectories. Favorable Cerebral Performance Category at hospital discharge predicts better long-term outcomes of survivors of cardiac arrest who received targeted temperature management than those with less ... | yes |
25,098,818 | Is number of positive preoperative biopsy cores a predictor of positive surgical margins ( PSM ) in small prostates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy ( RARP )? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the impact of prostate size on positive surgical margin (PSM) rates after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) and the preoperative factors associated with PSM.",
"In all, 1229 men underwent RARP by a single surgeon, from 2005 to August of 2013. Excluded were patients who ... | A preoperative biopsy with ≥3 positive cores in men with small prostates predicts PSM after RARP. In small prostates with PSM, a PSA level of >20 ng/dL is a predictor of BCR. These factors should guide the choice of therapy and indicate the need for closer postoperative follow-up. | yes |
25,072,597 | Does capsaicin induce `` brite '' phenotype in differentiating 3T3-L1 preadipocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Targeting the energy storing white adipose tissue (WAT) by pharmacological and dietary means in order to promote its conversion to energy expending \"brite\" cell type holds promise as an anti-obesity approach. Present study was designed to investigate/revisit the effect of capsaicin on adipogeni... | Our findings suggest the dual modulatory role of capsaicin in adipogenesis. Capsaicin inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 via TRPV1 activation and induces brown-like phenotype whereas higher doses. | yes |
25,095,792 | Does chemical glycosylation of cytochrome c improve physical and chemical protein stability? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytochrome c (Cyt c) is an apoptosis-initiating protein when released into the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells and therefore a possible cancer drug candidate. Although proteins have been increasingly important as pharmaceutical agents, their chemical and physical instability during production, stor... | The results demonstrate that chemical glycosylation is a potentially valuable method to increase Cyt c stability during formulation and storage and potentially during its application after administration. | yes |
25,091,467 | Do erbB targeting inhibitors repress cell migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cells by distinct signaling pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"ErbB family receptor tyrosine kinases (ErbBs) play a role in cell adhesion and migration and are frequently overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCCs) or esophageal adenocarcinomas (EACs). Targeting ErbBs by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) may therefore limit esophageal cancer... | Clinical tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) reduce esophageal cancer cell migration. Loss of cell migration is linked to reduced Akt, ERK1/2, STAT (3 or 5), FAK, SFKs, and RhoA activity. Clinical TKIs act via distinct signaling in the two main histotypes of esophageal cancer. | yes |
25,069,821 | Do paraoxonase 1 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia alter the expression of mouse kidney proteins involved in renal disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with kidney disease and leads to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Paraoxonase 1 (Pon1), a hydrolase that participates in homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and is carried in the circulation on high-density lipoprotein, has also been linked to kidney disease and... | Our findings suggest that excess Hcy is toxic because it deregulates the expression of proteins involved in diverse cellular processes-from lipid, protein, carbohydrate, and energy metabolisms to detoxification and antioxidant defenses-that are essential for normal kidney homeostasis. Dysregulation of these processes c... | yes |
25,097,431 | Do culturable bacterial endophytes isolated from Mangrove tree ( Rhizophora apiculata Blume ) enhance seedling growth in Rice? | {
"contexts": [
"Endophytic bacteria do have several potential applications in medicine and in other various sectors of biotechnology including agriculture. Bacterial endophytes need to be explored for their potential applications in agricultural biotechnology. One of the potential applications of bacterial endop... | These research findings could be useful to enhance the seedling growth and could serve as foundation in further research on enhancing the growth of the rice crop using endophytic bacteria. | yes |
25,077,631 | Does macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 require Mal and PI3K for efficient induction of heme oxygenase-1? | {
"contexts": [
"This study is to investigate the mechanisms by which macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2 (MALP-2) induces heme oxygenase (HO)-1, a cytoprotective enzyme that catalyzes the degradation of heme, in human monocytes.",
"Human monocytic THP-1 cells were cultured for transient transfection with pla... | These results indicated that MALP-2 required TLR2/6, Btk, Mal and c-Src to activate PI3K, which in turn initiated the activation of Nrf2 for efficient HO-1 induction. | yes |
25,081,936 | Is cytomegalovirus coinfection associated with an increased risk of severe non-AIDS-defining events in a large cohort of HIV-infected patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been associated with immunosenescence and immunoactivation in the general population. In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected people, CMV coinfection, in addition to residual HIV replication and microbial translocation, has been proposed... | In our study population, CMV/HIV coinfection was associated with the risk of severe non-AIDS-defining events/non-AIDS-related death, especially with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, independently of other prognostic factors. This finding supports a potential independent role of CMV coinfection in vascular/deg... | yes |
25,088,518 | Is neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio a reliable predictive marker for early-stage diabetic nephropathy? | {
"contexts": [
"Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a common complication in diabetics. Recent evidence suggests that neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) affects the development and acceleration of some diabetic complications. Scholars have rarely investigated the relationship between DN and NLR. This study aims to evalu... | Increased NLR was significantly associated with DN, and high NLR values may be a reliable predictive marker of early-stage DN. | yes |
25,077,900 | Is the prevalence of CHD7 missense versus truncating mutations higher in patients with Kallmann syndrome than in typical CHARGE patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations in CHD7, a gene previously implicated in CHARGE (coloboma, heart defect, choanal atresia, retardation of growth and/or development, genital hypoplasia, ear anomalies) syndrome, have been reported in patients presenting with Kallmann syndrome (KS) or congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonad... | Considering the large prevalence and clinical spectrum of CHD7 mutations, it will be particularly relevant to genetic counseling to search for mutations in this gene in KS patients seeking fertility treatment, especially if KS is associated with deafness and cleft lip/palate. | yes |
25,092,067 | Does star-shaped tetraspermine enhance cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of T-oligo in prostate cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"An oligonucleotide termed 'T-oligo' having sequence homology with telomere overhang has shown cytotoxicity in multiple cancers. We have demonstrated that T-oligo can induce apoptosis in androgen independent prostate cancer cell line DU-145. In this report, we evaluate the use of star-shaped tetra... | SSTS significantly enhanced therapeutic benefits associated with the use of T-oligo and can be developed as a delivery vehicle for its in-vivo therapeutic applications. | yes |
25,099,401 | Do melodic pitch perception and lexical tone perception in Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant users? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine the relationship between lexical tone perception and melodic pitch perception in Mandarin-speaking cochlear implant (CI) users and to investigate the influence of previous acoustic hearing on CI users' speech and music perception.",
"Lexical tone perception and melodic contour iden... | Despite the prevalence of pitch cues in Mandarin, the present CI participants had great difficulty perceiving melodic pitch. The availability of amplitude and duration cues in lexical tones most likely compensated for the poor pitch perception observed with these CI listeners. Previous acoustic hearing experience seeme... | yes |
25,082,577 | Does genome editing of isogenic human induced pluripotent stem cells recapitulate long QT phenotype for drug testing? | {
"contexts": [
"Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) play an important role in disease modeling and drug testing. However, the current methods are time-consuming and lack an isogenic control.",
"This study sought to establish an efficient technology to generate human PSC-based disease models with iso... | Our study demonstrates that iPSC-CM-based disease models can be rapidly generated by overexpression of dominant negative gene mutants. | yes |
25,095,332 | Do [ Reasons that seedless fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii become small ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the reasons that the seedless fruits of Siraitia grosvenorii developed to smaller ones.",
"The differences of fruit expanding, gene expressing and cell development were investigated between the triploid and diploid fruits from two strains F050 and F049.",
"The results showed the ... | The expression of the genes of the proteins involving cell division and expansion was inhibited as the significant reduction of endogenous IAA, CTK, GA and SPDS after bad fertilization and the embryo abortion, which resulted in the end of division and extension of sarcocarp cells. Above reasons induce small fruits of t... | yes |
25,074,989 | Do temporal and other factors that influence the time doctors take to prescribe using an electronic prescribing system? | {
"contexts": [
"A computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system with embedded clinical decision support can reduce medication errors in hospitals, but might increase the time taken to generate orders.",
"We aimed to quantify the effects of temporal (month, day of week, hour of shift) and other factors (gr... | The display of alerts, prescribing experience, system familiarity, and environment all affect the time taken to generate a prescription order. Our study reinforces the need for appropriate alerts to be presented to individuals at an appropriate place in the workflow, in order to improve prescribing efficiency. | yes |
25,092,674 | Does α-Methylacyl-CoA racemase ( AMACR ) serve as a prognostic biomarker for the early recurrence/metastasis of HCC? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and it is still lacking effective prognostic biomarkers so far. Previous results of the iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics study (iTRAQ-2DLC-MS/MS) have shown that α-methylacyl-CoA racemase (AMACR) might be a promis... | This study reveals that the AMACR might be a potential prognostic marker for predicting early recurrence/metastasis of HCC after hepatectomy. | yes |
25,077,574 | Does traditional thermal therapy with indirect moxibustion decrease renal arterial resistive index? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the immediate effects of indirect moxibustion, a traditional local thermal therapy, on renal hemodynamics by using Doppler ultrasonography (US).",
"Prospective observational study of postintervention changes in several variables.",
"Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan.",
... | This study of the short-term effects of indirect moxibustion on renal hemodynamics in healthy persons showed that renal vascular resistance was reduced after the therapy. | yes |
25,072,361 | Does ginseng treatment reverse obesity and related disorders by inhibiting angiogenesis in female db/db mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Korean red ginseng (ginseng, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has traditionally been used in the treatment of most ageing-related diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, but the mechanism of the effects is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of ginseng on obesity i... | These results suggest that ginseng may effectively treat female obesity and related disorders in part by inhibition of angiogenesis. | yes |
25,087,695 | Are myeloid microvesicles in cerebrospinal fluid associated with myelin damage and neuronal loss in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease? | {
"contexts": [
"We have described cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) myeloid microvesicles (MVs) as a marker of microglia activation during neuroinflammation in Alzheimer disease (AD), and characterized their ability to produce toxic amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42 ) oligomers from aggregated or soluble substrate. The aim of this ... | Microglial MVs are neurotoxic and myelinotoxic in the presence of Aβ1-42 . CSF myeloid MVs, mirroring microglia activation and MV release, are associated with WM damage in MCI and hippocampal atrophy in AD. This suggests that hippocampal microglia activation, in the presence of Aβ1-42 in excess, produces neurotoxic and... | yes |
25,080,515 | Does 18F-FDG-PET/CT better localize active spinal infection than MRI for successful minimally invasive surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Surgical debridement is often required to treat spinal infections. Successful surgery requires accurate localization of the active infections, however, current imaging technique still requires surgeons' experience to narrow the surgical fields to achieve less invasive procedures.",
"To invest... | FDG-PET/CT demonstrated limited areas of abnormality allowing accurate delineation, and is thus useful to narrow the surgical fields. Since overall diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET/CT was superior to that of MRI, FDG-PET/CT is a useful technique to narrow the surgical field for successful less invasive surgery. | yes |
25,078,265 | Is increased expression of miR-222 associated with poor prognosis in bladder cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"MicroRNA-222 (miR-222) has been shown to play a potential oncogenic role in bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-222 in bladder cancer and its potential relevance to clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival.",
"Surgical specimens of cance... | miR-222 overexpression is involved in the poor prognosis of bladder cancer and can be used as a biomarker for selection of cases requiring special attention. | yes |
25,096,324 | Does photobiont selectivity lead to ecological tolerance and evolutionary divergence in a polymorphic complex of lichenized fungi? | {
"contexts": [
"The integrity and evolution of lichen symbioses depend on a fine-tuned combination of algal and fungal genotypes. Geographically widespread species complexes of lichenized fungi can occur in habitats with slightly varying ecological conditions, and it remains unclear how this variation correlates... | Low selectivity apparently allows widespread lichen-forming fungi to establish successful symbioses with locally adapted photobionts in a broader range of habitats. This flexibility might correlate with both lower phylogenetic resolution and evolutionary divergence in species complexes of crustose lichen-forming fungi. | yes |
25,077,412 | Does qRS duration in left bundle branch block affect left ventricular twisting in chronic systolic heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Left ventricular (LV) torsion is an important parameter of LV performance and can be influenced by several factors. Aim of this investigation was to evaluate whether QRS prolongation in left bundle branch block (LBBB) may influence global LV twist and twisting/untwisting rate in chronic systolic ... | In patients with chronic severe systolic heart failure, QRS duration and LBBB morphology do not affect LV twisting and untwisting. | no |
25,076,548 | Does contractile reserve induced with dobutamine echocardiography predict outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and mitral regurgitation? | {
"contexts": [
"The appropriate management of patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is controversial. The study aim was to determine whether the presence of contractile reserve (CR) assessed by dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) was associated with improved outcomes... | In patients with advanced LVD and severe MR, CR detected by DSE was associated with significant reductions in the risk of death and heart transplantation. | yes |
25,098,685 | Does inhibition of telomerase activity by dominant-negative hTERT retard the growth of breast cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein enzyme mainly consisted of a catalytic protein subunit human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and a human telomerase RNA component, is responsible for maintaining telomeres. Telomerase over-expression correlates significantly with tumors and is a prognostic... | This study shows that telomerase inhibition by DN-hTERT can effectively inhibit the cell viability and tumorigenicity of MCF7 cells and is an attractive approach for breast cancer therapy. | yes |
25,084,362 | Does catecholamine and volume therapy for cardiac surgery in Germany -- result from a postal survey? | {
"contexts": [
"Management of cardiac surgery patients is a very standardized procedure in respective local institutions. Yet only very limited evidence exists concerning optimal indication, safety and efficacy of hemodynamic monitoring catecholamine and fluid therapy.",
"Between April and May 2013, all 81 G... | Choice of hemodynamic monitoring is homogenous throughout German centers treating cardiac surgery patients. Norepinephrine is the first line catecholamine in cases of decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. However, catecholamine choice for low cardiac output syndrome varies considerably. HES was the primary colloi... | yes |
25,093,816 | Does low energy shock wave therapy induce angiogenesis in acute hind-limb ischemia via VEGF receptor 2 phosphorylation? | {
"contexts": [
"Low energy shock waves have been shown to induce angiogenesis, improve left ventricular ejection fraction and decrease angina symptoms in patients suffering from chronic ischemic heart disease. Whether there is as well an effect in acute ischemia was not yet investigated.",
"Hind-limb ischemi... | Low energy shock wave treatment induces angiogenesis in acute ischemia via VEGF receptor 2 stimulation and shows the same promising effects as known from chronic myocardial ischemia. It may therefore develop as an adjunct to the treatment armentarium of acute muscle ischemia in limbs and myocardium. | yes |
25,075,057 | Is macroscopic type a prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival after resection of gastric GIST? | {
"contexts": [
"Accurate evaluation of the biological behavior of Gastrointestinal stromal tumor and careful selection of patients with a high risk for tumor recurrence are necessary. In the present study, we analyzed prognostic factors in patients with GIST.",
"A total of 214 patients who had undergone cura... | It is suggested that exoluminal or mixed-type is independently associated with recurrence of surgically resected gastric GIST in addition to tumor size and mitotic rate. | yes |
25,075,793 | Does dynamic assessment of narrative ability in English accurately identify language impairment in English language learners? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the identification accuracy of dynamic assessment (DA) of narrative ability in English for children learning English as a 2nd language.",
"A DA task was administered to 54 children: 18 Spanish-English-speaking children with language impairment (LI); 18 age-, sex-, IQ- and language e... | DA conducted in English provides a systematic means for measuring learning processes and learning outcomes, resulting in a clinically useful procedure for identifying LIs in bilingual children who are in the process of learning English as a second language. | yes |
25,087,180 | Are adherence measurement and patient recruitment methods poor in intervention trials to improve patient adherence? | {
"contexts": [
"To develop a scale and survey the measurement of patient adherence and patient recruitment, and to explore how these methods impact the results in randomized controlled trials of interventions to improve patient adherence to medications.",
"Analytic survey of a purposively selected sample of ... | Measurement and recruitment methods in adherence trials varied considerably, and most methods were of low quality. Adherence research could be advanced by using higher quality measures of adherence and better selection and baseline assessment of study participants. | yes |
25,091,061 | Is delayed paracentesis associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is associated with high mortality. Early paracentesis (EP) is essential for rapid diagnosis and optimal treatment. The aim of the study is to compare the outcomes of patients with SBP who received EP vs. delayed paracentesis (DP).",
"Consecutive patient... | Hospitalized patients with SBP who received DP had a 2.7-fold increased risk of mortality adjusting for MELD score and renal dysfunction. Diagnostic paracentesis performed <12 h from hospitalization in patients with cirrhosis and ascites may improve short-term survival. | yes |
25,101,535 | Does low-level light therapy induce mucosal healing in a murine model of dextran-sodium-sulfate induced colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of low-level light therapy (LLLT) in an acute colitis model in mice.",
"Low-level light therapy (LLLT) has been shown to be an effective treatment for various inflammatory processes such as oral mucositis and diabetic foot ulcers.",
"Col... | Photobiostimulation with LLLT has a significant positive effect on disease progression in mice with DSS colitis. | yes |
25,086,135 | Are toker cells of the nipple commonly associated with underlying sebaceous glands but not with lactiferous ducts? | {
"contexts": [
"Toker cells are clear cells present in the squamous epithelium of the nipple of some women. In contrast to squamous epithelium, they are cytokeratin 7 (CK7) positive. The origin of these cells is not completely understood. It has been suggested that they may represent abortive glands or migratory... | This study suggests that Toker cells are more likely to be developmentally related to sebaceous glands rather than lactiferous ducts. This raises doubts about the presence of a relationship between Toker cells and the common forms of Paget's disease, as the latter are commonly seen in association with ductal carcinoma ... | yes |
25,082,095 | Does involved-nodal radiation therapy lead to lower doses to critical organs-at-risk compared to involved-field radiation therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) after cytotoxic chemotherapy has become the standard of care in treating pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. However, recent interest in shrinking the treatment volume to involved node radiotherapy (INRT) may allow lower doses to critical organ structures.... | Utilizing the concept of INRT results in a reduction of radiation dose to critical organ structures in pediatric patients with Hodgkin lymphoma when compared to the more traditional method of IFRT. | yes |
25,082,098 | Does ibulocydine sensitize human cancers to radiotherapy by induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Ibulocydine (IB), a novel prodrug of CDK inhibitor, has been reported to have anti-cancer effect in human hepatoma cells. In order to address its feasibility as a radiosensitizer to improve radiotherapeutic efficacy for human cancers, this study was designed.",
"Human cancer cells of lung and... | IB demonstrated the property of sensitizing human cancer cells to RT by induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, suggesting that IB deserves to be applied for chemoradiotherapy. | yes |
25,086,070 | Are patients with rheumatoid arthritis more likely to have pain and poor function after total hip replacements than patients with osteoarthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Total hip replacement (THR) outcomes have been worse for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with those who have osteoarthritis (OA). Whether this remains true in contemporary patients with RA with a high use of disease-modifying and biologic therapy is unknown. The purpose of our st... | Contemporary patients with RA have significant improvements in pain and function after THR, but higher proportions have worse 2-year pain and function. In addition, RA is an independent predictor of 2-year pain and poor function after THR, despite high use of disease-modifying therapy. | yes |
25,086,071 | Does adalimumab significantly reduce the recurrence rate of anterior uveitis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether use of adalimumab decreases the frequency of attacks of anterior uveitis (AU) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).",
"Consecutive patients with AS, visiting an outpatient clinic and treated for at least 12 weeks with adalimumab, were enrolled. The number of att... | In patients with AS, a significant reduction in the number of AU attacks, as well as in the number of attacks per patient, was observed during adalimumab treatment. | yes |
25,086,075 | Do increased urinary interleukin 22 binding protein levels correlate with lupus nephritis activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin 22 (IL-22) plays an important role in the promotion of antimicrobial immunity. However, dysregulated IL-22 action leads to inflammation and is involved in autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IL-22 binding protein (IL-22BP) is a soluble inhibitory IL-22 r... | Urinary but not serum IL-22BP levels were associated with active renal disease. Urinary levels of IL-22BP might be a potential marker for the presence of renal involvement in patients with SLE. | yes |
25,076,100 | Does preoperative statin administration protect against early postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome : a retrospective cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Statins have been shown to possess antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we sought to determine if preoperative statin therapy is associated with a reduced frequency of postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in surgical populations at increased risk of de... | In patients undergoing high-risk surgery, preoperative statin therapy was not associated with a statistically significant reduction in postoperative ARDS. These results do not support the use of statins as prophylaxis against ARDS in patients undergoing high-risk surgery. | no |
25,087,920 | Does spinal cord gray matter atrophy correlate with multiple sclerosis disability? | {
"contexts": [
"In multiple sclerosis (MS), cerebral gray matter (GM) atrophy correlates more strongly than white matter (WM) atrophy with disability. The corresponding relationships in the spinal cord (SC) are unknown due to technical limitations in assessing SC GM atrophy. Using phase-sensitive inversion recov... | SC GM atrophy is detectable in vivo in the absence of WM atrophy in RMS. It is more pronounced in progressive MS than RMS and contributes more to patient disability than SC WM or brain GM atrophy. | yes |
25,099,124 | Does catestatin increase the expression of anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenetic factors in the post-ischemic hypertrophied heart of SHR? | {
"contexts": [
"In the presence of comorbidities the effectiveness of many cardioprotective strategies is blunted. The goal of this study was to assess in a hypertensive rat model if the early reperfusion with anti-hypertensive and pro-angiogenic Chromogranin A-derived peptide, Catestatin (CST:hCgA352-372; CST-P... | CST-Post limits reperfusion damages and reverses the hypertension-induced increase of I/R susceptibility. Moreover, CST-Post triggers antiapoptotic and pro-angiogenetic factors suggesting that CST-Post can be used as an anti-maladaptive remodeling treatment. | yes |
25,081,341 | Does contralateral prophylactic mastectomy provide no survival benefit in young women with estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Several studies have shown that contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) provides a disease-free and overall survival (OS) benefit in young women with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer. We utilized the National Cancer Data Base to evaluate CPM's survival benefit for young women wit... | CPM provides no survival benefit to young patients with early-stage breast cancer, and no benefit to ER-negative patients. Future studies with longer follow-up are required in this cohort of patients. | yes |
25,092,992 | Does pioglitazone improve the cardio-ankle vascular index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin? | {
"contexts": [
"Type 2 diabetes is known to be associated with elevated cardiovascular mortality. Pioglitazone improves blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), which is an arterial stiffness parameter. Arterial stiffness is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. However, PWV is correlated wit... | These results suggest that pioglitazone improves CAVI, a BP-independent arterial stiffness parameter, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin. | yes |
25,091,195 | Is plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 independently associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease whereas leptin and adiponectin vary between genders? | {
"contexts": [
"Alterations of adipocytokine levels and clinical parameters in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are crucial for the prognosis and complications of the diseases. However, the key adipocytokines independently associated with NAFLD have not been identified, and we aimed to investigate them.... | PAI-1 is independently associated with NAFLD after adjusting for other factors, including leptin and adiponectin. Male and female NAFLD patients show distinct patterns of leptin and adiponectin alterations; special attention is required when evaluating these alterations in female NAFLD patients < 45 years. | yes |
25,101,629 | Does germinal center B cell depletion diminish CD4+ follicular T helper cells in autoimmune mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Continuous support from follicular CD4(+) T helper (Tfh) cells drives germinal center (GC) responses, which last for several weeks to produce high affinity memory B cells and plasma cells. In autoimmune Sle1 and NZB/W F1 mice, elevated numbers of Tfh cells persist, promoting the expansion of self... | These data suggest that mature Tfh cells require signals from GC B cells to sustain their optimal numbers and function in both autoimmune and immunization models. Thus, immunotherapies targeting B cells in autoimmune disease may affect pathogenic Tfh cells. | yes |
25,079,933 | Do rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP predict progressive joint damage in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone : a randomised study? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyse if predictors of radiographic progression differ between patients treated with or without prednisolone in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Radiographs of hands and feet were assessed using the modified Sharp/van der Heijde score and radiographic progression was defined as an increase i... | The presence of RF and anti-CCP predicted radiographic progression in patients not treated with prednisolone but failed to predict progression in patients treated with this drug. The data suggest that early treatment with prednisolone may modulate not only inflammation but also autoimmunity-associated pathogenetic mech... | no |
25,073,980 | Are aBC transporters involved in defense against permethrin insecticide in the malaria vector Anopheles stephensi? | {
"contexts": [
"Proteins from the ABC family (ATP-binding cassette) represent the largest known group of efflux pumps, responsible for transporting specific molecules across lipid membranes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. In arthropods they have been shown to play a role in insecticide defense/resi... | Our results show for the first time the involvement of ABC transporters in larval defense against permethrin in An. stephensi and, more in general, confirm the role of ABC transporters in insecticide defense. The differences observed with previous studies highlight the need of further research as, despite the growing n... | yes |
25,098,939 | Does miR-124 suppress tumor growth and metastasis by targeting Foxq1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"The molecular mechanisms underlying dysregulation of microRNAs have been documented in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Our previous study demonstrated that plasma miR-124 was down-regulated in NPC using microarray analysis and quantitative PCR validation. Though growing studies showed that down-r... | Our results demonstrate that miR-124 functions as a tumor-suppressive microRNA in NPC, and that its suppressive effects are mediated chiefly by repressing Foxq1 expression. MiR-124 could serve as an independent biomarker to identify patients with different clinical characteristics. Therefore, our findings provide valua... | yes |
25,079,457 | Is serum interleukin-22 ( IL-22 ) increased in the early stage of Hashimoto 's thyroiditis compared to non-autoimmune thyroid disease and healthy controls? | {
"contexts": [
"Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is considered to be a Th1-related autoimmune disease (AID). Recent studies revealed that Th17 lymphocytes (producing mostly IL-17, IL-21 and IL-22) play a major role in numerous AIDs commonly thought to be Th1 diseases. More recently, another subset of Th cells, which... | Serum IL-22 is increased in newly diagnosed, untreated HT patients, as compared to thyroid autoimmune disease-free individuals. Our data suggest that IL-22 could play some role in the development of HT. | yes |
25,082,160 | Is non-neural tyrosine hydroxylase , via modulation of endocrine pancreatic precursors , required for normal development of beta cells in the mouse pancreas? | {
"contexts": [
"Apart from transcription factors, little is known about the molecules that modulate the proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic endocrine cells. The early expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in a subset of glucagon(+) cells led us to investigate whether catecholamines have a role in b... | A non-neural catecholaminergic pathway appears to modulate the pancreatic endocrine precursor and insulin producing cell neogenesis. This finding may have important implications for approaches seeking to promote the generation of beta cells to treat diabetes. | yes |
25,084,135 | Does microRNA-19b promote macrophage cholesterol accumulation and aortic atherosclerosis by targeting ATP-binding cassette transporter A1? | {
"contexts": [
"Macrophage accumulation of cholesterol leads to foam cell formation which is a major pathological event of atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that microRNA (miR)-19b might play an important role in cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerotic diseases. Here, we have identified miR-19b bindi... | MiR-19b promotes macrophage cholesterol accumulation, foam cell formation and aortic atherosclerotic development by targeting ABCA1. | yes |
25,099,940 | Does a normal colposcopy examination fail to provide psychological reassurance for women who have had low-grade abnormal cervical cytology? | {
"contexts": [
"Worldwide, each year, large numbers of women are referred for colposcopy following low-grade abnormal cervical cytology. Many have no visible abnormality on examination. The risk of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (CIN2/3) in these women is low. It is unknown whether, for women, a n... | For some women who have low-grade cytology, a normal colposcopy does not appear to provide psychological reassurance. | yes |
25,073,978 | Does embryonic expression of EphA receptor genes in mice support their candidacy for involvement in cleft lip and palate? | {
"contexts": [
"Eph receptors, comprising the A- and B-subfamilies, are the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases in the mammalian genome, and their function is critical for morphogenesis in a variety of contexts. Whereas signaling through B-type Ephs has been demonstrated to play a role in cleft lip and p... | Together, these results are consistent with the hypothesis that mutations in EPHA family genes may cause CL/P and also suggest that functional redundancy between family members may be at play. | yes |
25,075,272 | Is dysregulation of matricellular proteins an early signature of pathology in laminin-deficient muscular dystrophy? | {
"contexts": [
"MDC1A is a congenital neuromuscular disorder with developmentally complex and progressive pathologies that results from a deficiency in the protein laminin α2. MDC1A is associated with a multitude of pathologies, including increased apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis. In order to assess and tre... | Our results implicate the involvement of multiple signaling pathways in driving the earliest stages of pathology in DyW mice. As opposed to classical dystrophies, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the dysregulation of various matricellular proteins appears to be a distinct feature of the early progression of DyW pat... | yes |
25,089,004 | Does oxidative status in the macula densa modulate tubuloglomerular feedback responsiveness in angiotensin II-induced hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) is an important mechanism in control of signal nephron glomerular filtration rate. The oxidative stress in the macula densa, primarily determined by the interactions between nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2-), is essential in maintaining the TGF responsiveness.... | Under physiological conditions, TGF response is mainly controlled by the NO generated in the macula densa; in Ang II induced hypertension, the TGF response is mainly controlled by the O2- generated by the macula densa. | yes |
25,079,964 | Does seroprevalence of alphavirus antibodies in a cross-sectional study in southwestern Tanzania suggest endemic circulation of chikungunya? | {
"contexts": [
"To date, Alphavirus infections and their most prominent member, chikungunya fever, a viral disease which first became apparent in Tanzania in 1953, have been very little investigated in regions without epidemic occurrence. Few data exist on burden of disease and socio-economic and environmental c... | Alphavirus infections may contribute significantly to the febrile disease burden in the study area, and are associated with several arthropod-borne infections. Their spread seems only limited by factors affecting mosquitoes, and seems less restricted than that of Rift Valley fever. | yes |
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