pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
22,882,912 | Is routine use of a transanastomotic stent unnecessary for hepatojejunostomy in liver transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"The use of transanastomotic stents for Roux-en-Y hepatojejunostomy (RYHJ) in liver transplantation (LT) remains controversial. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the role of transanastomotic stent for RYHJ in LT.",
"RYHJ for biliary reconstruction in LT was performed in 52 pati... | The routine use of transanastomotic stents is not necessary for RYHJ for biliary reconstruction in LT. | yes |
22,893,512 | Is a strategy to reduce illicit drug use effective in elite Australian football? | {
"contexts": [
"The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) prescribes that drug testing is conducted in sports competitions to detect drug use in athletes. This testing includes performance-enhancing drugs as well as illicit substances such as marijuana, amphetamines and cocaine. Illicit drugs are tested for on match d... | An illicit drugs programme using a harm minimisation strategy can work effectively alongside a sport's WADA compliant Anti-Doping Code. | yes |
22,884,970 | Does ghrelin signaling in the ventral hippocampus stimulate learned and motivational aspects of feeding via PI3K-Akt signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"The stomach-derived hormone ghrelin drives higher-order feeding processes related to food reward and food seeking via central nervous system signaling at its receptor (GHSR1A). The specific nuclei mediating these effects are only partially understood. Here, we use a rat model to examine whether g... | These findings illuminate novel neuronal and behavioral mechanisms mediating ghrelinergic control of cognitive aspects of feeding control. | yes |
22,899,566 | Is sex bias occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in Poly7 molecular subclass associated with EGFR? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest solid cancers and is the third leading cause of cancer-related death. There is a universal estimated male/female ratio of 2.5, but the reason for this is not well understood. The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system was used to elucidate ca... | Sex bias occurrence of HCC associated with EGFR was confirmed in experimental animals using the SB transposon system in a reverse genetic approach. This study provides evidence for the role of EGFR in sex bias occurrences of liver cancer and as the driver mutational gene in the Poly7 molecular subclass of human HCC. | yes |
22,884,133 | Does coronary bifurcation angle from 3-D predict clinical outcomes after stenting bifurcation lesions? | {
"contexts": [
"The predictive value of bifurcation angle (BA) for worse events after stenting bifurcation lesions remains to be unknown. The present study was to investigate the dynamic change of BA and clinical relevance for patients with coronary bifurcation lesions treated by drug-eluting stent (DES).",
... | Two-stent technique was associated with significant reduction of distal BA. DK crush stenting had reduced rate of MACE in patients in < 60° group, compared to one-stent technique. | yes |
22,897,811 | Do eye masks and earplugs improve patient 's perception of sleep? | {
"contexts": [
"Critical care patients experience deranged sleep for a number of reasons including noise, environment, severity of illness and care activities. This service evaluation was prompted by the concern that patients were not getting enough sleep because of excessive noise levels in our unit.",
"To ... | The intervention group identified earplugs (22%) and eye masks (28%) as factors promoting sleep. It appears that simple interventions such as eye masks and earplugs may be a valuable addition to patients attempting to sleep in a critical care unit. | yes |
22,909,211 | Do most individuals with treated blood pressures above target receive only one or two antihypertensive drug classes? | {
"contexts": [
"A significant proportion of individuals taking antihypertensive therapies fail to achieve blood pressures <140/90 mmHg. In order to develop strategies for improved treatment of blood pressure, we examined the association of blood pressure control with antihypertensive therapies and clinical and l... | Most individuals with treated blood pressures above target receive only one or two antihypertensive drug classes. Prescribing additional antihypertensive drug classes and lifestyle modification may improve blood pressure control in this population of individuals at increased cardiovascular risk. | yes |
22,909,215 | Does local ASIC3 modulate pain and disease progression in a rat model of osteoarthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent data have suggested a relationship between acute arthritic pain and acid sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) on primary afferent fibers innervating joints. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of ASIC3 in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA) which is considered a degenerative rather t... | Local ASIC3 immunoreactive nerve is strongly associated with weight-bearing pain and secondary hyperalgesia in MIA-induced OA model. APETx2 inhibited ASIC3 upregulation in knee joint afferents regardless of the time-point of administration. Furthermore, early administration of APETx2 prevented cartilage damage. APETx2 ... | yes |
22,881,281 | Does diabetes mellitus abrogate the cardioprotection of sufentanil against ischaemia/reperfusion injury by altering glycogen synthase kinase-3β? | {
"contexts": [
"Sufentanil is widely used in clinical anaesthesia because of its protective effects against ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Diabetes mellitus elevates the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), thereby increasing the permeability of mitochondrial transition pore. This study investigated ... | Sufentanil treatment was ineffective in preventing against ischaemia/reperfusion in diabetic rats, which is associated with the activation of GSK-3β. Our results also suggest that direct inhibition of GSK-3β may provide a strategy to protect diabetic hearts against ischaemia/reperfusion injury. | yes |
22,901,151 | Is p63 cytoplasmic aberrance associated with high prostate cancer stem cell expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Prostate cancer in Indonesia is the 3rd ranking cancer among males and the 5th rank for their cancer mortality. Prognostic markers that can identify aggressive prostate cancer in early stages and help select appropriate therapy to finally reduce the mortality are therefore urgently needed. It has... | p63 cytoplasmic aberrance is associated with high ALDH1A1 expression. These components are suggested to have an important role in prostate cancer progression and may be used as molecular markers. | yes |
22,884,804 | Does stimulation of sub-sonic vibration promote the differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into neural cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (AT-MSCs) have been proposed as a new source for nervous tissue damage due to their capacity of neural differentiation potential including neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes. Recently, many studies have demonstrated that sub-sonic vibration (SSV) is an effe... | These results demonstrated that SSV affects AT-MSCs differentiation potential and 30 Hz SSV affected neural differentiation on AT-MSCs. | yes |
22,885,281 | Does dopaminergic system in CA1 modulate MK-801 induced anxiolytic-like responses? | {
"contexts": [
"Today, there is relatively no debate on the notion that NMDA receptor antagonist agents in the hippocampus induce anxiolytic-like effects through distinct mechanisms. There is also a bulk of studies showing the involvement of the dopaminergic system in NMDA induced behaviors. Thus, on the basis o... | Our results suggested a modulatory effect of the CA1 dopaminergic system on the anxiolytic-like effects induced by MK801. | yes |
22,898,367 | Does a perioperative infusion of sodium bicarbonate improve renal function in cardiac surgery patients : a prospective observational cohort study? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac-surgery-associated-acute-kidney-injury (CSA-AKI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Recent data from patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting suggest that a perioperative infusion of sodium-bicarbonate may decrease the incidence of CSA-AKI. The presen... | Routine perioperative administration of sodium bicarbonate failed to improve postoperative renal function in a large population of cardiac surgical patients. | no |
22,898,369 | Are cortical sources of resting-state EEG rhythms abnormal in naïve HIV subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that cortical sources of resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) rhythms show peculiar frequency/spatial features in naïve human subjects with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) compared to healthy control subjects.",
"Resting-state eyes-clo... | The present results suggest that topography and frequency of the cortical sources of resting-state EEG rhythms can distinguish groups of HIV and control subjects. | yes |
22,895,203 | Do nurses in low resource settings save mothers ' lives with non-pneumatic anti-shock garment? | {
"contexts": [
"To discuss the role of nurses and nurse-midwives in preventing and treating postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) from uterine atony in developing countries and examine the role of a new device, the non-pneumatic anti-shock garment (NASG), in improving the outcomes for these patients.",
"In this subana... | In low-resource settings nurses have few resources with which to stabilize women with severe PPH. With training nurses and nurse-midwives can stabilize hemorrhaging women with the NASG, a low-technology first-aid device that shows promise for reducing blood loss, rates of hysterectomy, and mortality. | yes |
22,901,741 | Do clinical outcomes of neonatal onset proximal versus distal urea cycle disorders differ? | {
"contexts": [
"To compare the clinical course and outcome of patients diagnosed with one of 4 neonatal-onset urea cycle disorders (UCDs): deficiency of carbamyl phosphate synthase 1 (CPSD), ornithine transcarbamylase (OTCD), argininosuccinate synthase (ASD), or argininosuccinate lyase (ALD).",
"Clinical, bi... | Neurocognitive outcomes do not differ between patients with proximal UCDs and those with distal UCDs. Factors other than hyperammonemia may contribute to poor neurocognitive outcome in the distal UCDs. | no |
22,899,759 | Does a novel aptamer targeting TGF-β receptor II inhibit transdifferentiation of human tenon 's fibroblasts into myofibroblast? | {
"contexts": [
"To isolate aptamers that were bound to the extracellular segment of TGF-β receptor II (TβRII) and evaluate their effect on the TGF-β-induced transdifferentiation of fibroblasts.",
"TβRII-binding aptamers were screened by Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) from a... | Our study revealed that a novel aptamer binding TβRII inhibited TGF-β2-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in HTFs. | yes |
22,884,315 | Are balance confidence and functional balance associated with physical disability after hip fracture? | {
"contexts": [
"This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between balance confidence, functional balance, and physical disability among older people after hip fracture.",
"The study utilizes baseline data of two randomized controlled trials (ISRCTN34271567 and ISRCTN53680197). The participants... | Decreased balance confidence and impaired functional balance are associated with physical disability in older people after hip fracture. | yes |
22,909,344 | Are signatures of balancing selection maintained at disease resistance loci following mating system evolution and a population bottleneck in the genus Capsella? | {
"contexts": [
"Population bottlenecks can lead to a loss of variation at disease resistance loci, which could have important consequences for the ability of populations to adapt to pathogen pressure. Alternatively, current or past balancing selection could maintain high diversity, creating a strong heterogeneit... | Historical or ongoing balancing selection on plant disease resistance genes is a likely contributor to the retention of ancestral polymorphism in some regions of the bottlenecked Capella rubella genome. | yes |
22,890,364 | Is cold-activated brown adipose tissue an independent predictor of higher bone mineral density in women? | {
"contexts": [
"In animals, defective brown adipogenesis leads to bone loss. Whether brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass relates to bone mineral density (BMD) in humans is unclear. We determined the relationship between BAT mass and BMD by cold-stimulated positron-emission tomography (PET) and dual-energy X-ray abso... | This study demonstrated higher BMD among healthy women with more abundant BAT, independent of age and other body compositional parameters. This was not observed in men. The data suggest that brown adipogenesis may be physiologically related to modulation of bone density. | yes |
22,889,108 | Does persistence of disseminated tumor cells after neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced breast cancer predict poor survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) and circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood (PB) predicts reduced survival in early breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the presence of and alterations in DTC- and CTC-status in locally advanced breast can... | Presence of DTCs after NACT indicated high risk for relapse and death, irrespective of the DTC-status before treatment. The results supports the potential use of DTC analysis as a monitoring tool during follow up, for selection of patients to secondary treatment intervention within clinical trials. | yes |
22,880,945 | Does improvement in nutritional status reduce the clinical impact of infections in older adults? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effect of a dietary intervention and micronutrient supplementation on self-reported infections in older adults.",
"A randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial.",
"Community living older people in South Yorkshire, United Kingdom.",
"Two-hundred seventeen older ... | Improving dietary intake and micronutrient status reduces the clinical impact of self-reported infections in older adults. | yes |
22,902,962 | Do additional cross-sectional transesophageal echocardiography views improve perioperative right heart assessment? | {
"contexts": [
"Right heart failure is an important cause of perioperative morbidity and mortality, and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is crucial for its diagnosis. However, only four of the 20 cross-sectional views recommended in current guidelines for intraoperative TEE focus on the right heart. This s... | The additional TEE views focusing on the right heart can be acquired as reliably as standard views. Incorporating three of them into the standard TEE examination improves comprehensive assessment of the right heart. | yes |
22,883,311 | Do medical students benefit from the use of ultrasound when learning peripheral IV techniques? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies support high success rates after a short learning period of ultrasound IV technique, and increased patient and provider satisfaction when using ultrasound as an adjunct to peripheral IV placement. No study to date has addressed the efficacy for instructing ultrasound-naive provider... | Medical students feel they learn more when using ultrasound after a 20-min tutorial to place IVs and cannulation of the vein feels easier. Success rates are comparable between the traditional and ultrasound teaching approaches. | yes |
22,906,178 | Does gene-expression profiling of microdissected breast cancer microvasculature identify distinct tumor vascular subtypes? | {
"contexts": [
"Angiogenesis represents a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. However, responses to targeted antiangiogenic therapies have been reported to vary among patients. This suggests that the tumor vasculature may be heterogeneous and that an appropriate choice of treatment would require an un... | Our results further support a role for tumor microvasculature in determining disease progression. Overall, this study provides a deeper molecular understanding of the heterogeneity existing within the breast tumor vasculature and opens new avenues toward the improved design and targeting of antiangiogenic therapies. | yes |
22,906,173 | Does acute exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoke induce changes in the oxidative and inflammatory markers in mouse lung? | {
"contexts": [
"Tobacco smoking represents a global public health threat, claiming approximately 5 million lives a year. Waterpipe tobacco use has become popular particularly among youth in the past decade, buttressed by the perception that the waterpipe \"filters\" the smoke, rendering it less harmful than ciga... | Results of cigarette smoking confirmed previous finding. Waterpipe results indicate that, similar to cigarettes, exposure to waterpipe tobacco smoke is harmful to the lungs. | yes |
22,902,795 | Is community-based Argentine tango dance program associated with increased activity participation among individuals with Parkinson 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the effects of a 12-month community-based tango dance program on activity participation among individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD).",
"Randomized controlled trial with assessment at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months.",
"Intervention was administered in the community; assessm... | Individuals with PD who participated in a community-based Argentine tango class reported increased participation in complex daily activities, recovery of activities lost since the onset of PD, and engagement in new activities. Incorporating dance into the clinical management of PD may benefit participation and subseque... | yes |
22,901,858 | Is endoscopic resection of upper neck masses via retroauricular approach feasible with excellent cosmetic outcomes? | {
"contexts": [
"In this study, the authors introduce and evaluate the feasibility of endoscopic resection using the retroauricular approach for various benign lesions of the upper neck.",
"A retrospective comparative analysis was performed on the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent surgery for upper ... | Endoscopic resection using the retroauricular approach is feasible for various benign upper neck masses when conducted by an experienced endoscopic surgeon, with excellent cosmetic results. | yes |
22,877,996 | Do the PRRT2 mutation c.649dupC is the so far most frequent cause of benign familial infantile convulsions? | {
"contexts": [
"Mutations in the PRRT2 gene have been recently described as a cause of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia, infantile convulsions with choreoathetosis syndrome and, less often, infantile convulsions. We have analysed the frequency of PRRT2 mutations in families with benign familial infantile convul... | Our data demonstrate that the PRRT2 mutation c.649dupC is a frequent cause of benign familial infantile convulsions. | yes |
22,906,039 | Does influence of resin cement on cuspal deflection and fracture load of endodontically-treated teeth restored with composite inlays? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the influence of resin cements on cuspal deflection, fracture load and failure mode of endodontically-treated teeth restored with composite resin inlays.",
"Forty maxillary premolars were randomly divided into four groups: G1 (sound teeth, control), G2 (RelyX ARC), G3 (RelyX Unice... | Composite resin inlays luted with resin cements do not recover the strength of sound teeth. However, teeth restored with composite resin inlays and luted with RelyX ARC can withstand mechanical fatigue longer before failure occurs than those luted with RelyX Unicem and Maxcem Elite. | yes |
22,878,520 | Does a single supratherapeutic dose of ridaforolimus prolong the QTc interval in patients with advanced cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"This dedicated QTc study was designed to evaluate the effect of the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, ridaforolimus, on the QTc interval in patients with advanced malignancies.",
"We conducted a fixed-sequence, single-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients (n = 23) received placebo ... | Administration of the single 100-mg dose of ridaforolimus did not cause a clinically meaningful prolongation of QTcF, suggesting that patients treated with ridaforolimus have a low likelihood of delayed ventricular repolarization. | no |
22,878,524 | Does intrathecal oxytocin inhibit visceromotor reflex and spinal neuronal responses to noxious distention of the rat urinary bladder? | {
"contexts": [
"Oxytocin (OXY) is a neuropeptide that has recently been recognized as an important component of descending analgesic systems. The present study sought to determine if OXY produces antinociception to noxious visceral stimulation.",
"Urethane-anesthetized female rats had intrathecal catheters p... | These results argue that intrathecal OXY produces an OXY receptor-specific antinociception to noxious UBD, with part of this effect due to inhibition of spinal dorsal horn neurons. To our knowledge, these studies provide the first evidence that intrathecal OXY may be an effective pharmacological treatment for visceral ... | yes |
22,899,318 | Does jAK inhibition with tofacitinib suppress arthritic joint structural damage through decreased RANKL production? | {
"contexts": [
"The mechanistic link between Janus kinase (JAK) signaling and structural damage to arthritic joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is poorly understood. This study was undertaken to investigate how selective inhibition of JAK with tofacitinib (CP-690,550) affects osteoclast-mediated bone resorption... | These results suggest that the JAK inhibitor tofacitinib suppresses osteoclast-mediated structural damage to arthritic joints, and this effect is secondary to decreased RANKL production. | yes |
22,879,101 | Do aneurysms increase the risk of rebleeding after stereotactic radiosurgery for hemorrhagic arteriovenous malformations? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to define the risk of rebleeding after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for hemorrhagic arteriovenous malformations with or without associated intracranial aneurysms.",
"Between 1987 and 2006, we performed Gamma Knife SRS on 996 patients with brain arteriovenous m... | When an aneurysm is identified in patients with arteriovenous malformations selected for SRS, additional endovascular or surgical strategies should be considered to reduce the risk of bleeding during the latency interval. | yes |
22,888,169 | Does pravastatin prevent antiphospholipid antibody-mediated changes in human first trimester trophoblast function? | {
"contexts": [
"What is the effect of pravastatin on antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) modulation of human first trimester trophoblast function?"
],
"labels": [
"OBJECTIVE"
],
"meshes": [
"Angiogenesis Inducing Agents",
"Antibodies, Antiphospholipid",
"Antibodies, Monoclonal",
"Antiphos... | Pravastatin does not prevent the effects of aPL on human first trimester trophoblast cell function. | no |
22,882,272 | Are genetic variants associated with myocardial infarction in the PSMA6 gene and Chr9p21 also associated with ischaemic stroke? | {
"contexts": [
"Ischaemic stroke shares common traditional risk factors with coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI). This study evaluated whether genetic risk factors for CAD and MI also affect susceptibility to ischaemic stroke in Caucasians and African Americans.",
"Included in the st... | Our results provide evidence that chromosome 9p21 variants are associated with cardioembolic ischaemic stroke in Caucasians and with overall ischaemic stroke in African Americans. The PSMA6 variant rs1048990 also appears to affect susceptibility to ischaemic stroke in both populations. These findings require validation... | yes |
22,910,414 | Does degradation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans enhance oxidized-LDL-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in human endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) play an important role in atherogenesis. We hypothesized that degradation of HSPG may increase the binding of atherogenic oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to endothelial cells, and result in extensive HSPG degradation as well as autophagy... | These data demonstrate that Hep III enhances the pro-atherosclerotic characteristics in HUVECs induced by ox-LDL. | yes |
22,909,391 | Is a model for the relative biological effectiveness of protons : the tissue specific parameter α/β of photons a predictor for the sensitivity to LET changes? | {
"contexts": [
"The biological effects of particles are often expressed in relation to that of photons through the concept of relative biological effectiveness, RBE. In proton radiotherapy, a constant RBE of 1.1 is usually assumed. However, there is experimental evidence that RBE depends on various factors. The ... | A statistically significant relation was found between α for protons and LET. Moreover, the strength of that relation varied significantly with (α/β)phot. In contrast, no significant relation between β and LET was found. On the whole, the resulting RBE model provided a significantly improved fit (p-value < 0.01) to the... | yes |
22,882,432 | Does suppression of liver regeneration affect hepatic graft survival in small-for-size liver transplantation in rats? | {
"contexts": [
" Small-for-size liver transplantation (SFSLT) often results in hepatic graft failure and decreased survival. The present study was aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of hepatic graft failure in SFSLT in rats.",
" Rat models of full-size orthotopic liver transplantation, 50% partial... | Liver regeneration is remarkably suppressed in SFSLT. The significant changes of intra-graft gene expression described above indicated that ischemia reperfusion injury would be severe in 30% partial liver transplantation. The capability of liver regeneration secondary to ischemia reperfusion injury might determine he... | yes |
22,886,224 | Does [ IL-10 suppress inflammatory granuloma uptake of 18F-FDG in rats ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the effectiveness of IL-10 in suppressing 18F-FDG uptake in the inflammatory granuloma of SD rats.",
"Eight SD rats were killed, and their blood was collected sterily. After centrifugion, the white blood cells were incubated in PRMI 1640 for 3 days. Then each culture flask of whit... | IL-10 can suppress the inflammatory granuloma of SD rats uptaking 18F-FDG. | yes |
22,883,575 | Does [ Clinical application of Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy and it 's modified procedures ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To summarize the follow-up outcomes of Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy and it's modified procedures, and to discuss the surgical indications and prognostic factors.",
"Thirty-two patients treated between 2004 and 2010 were enrolled in this study. There were 15 patients for recurrent frontal inver... | The Draf IIb frontal sinusotomy and it's modified procedures are suitable for complex frontal sinus disease, which can be selected according to pathological and anatomical features, and have a good prospect for clinical application. | yes |
22,901,163 | Does tas13D inhibit growth of SMMC-7721 cell via suppression VEGF and EGF expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Taspine, isolated from Radix et Rhizoma Leonticis has demosntrated potential proctiective effects against cancer. Tas13D, a novel taspine derivative synthetized by structure-based drug design, have been shown to possess interesting biological and pharmacological activities. The current study was ... | The obtained results suggest that tas13D inhibits tumor growth and cell proliferation by inhibiting cell migration, downregulating mRNA expression of VEGF and EGF, and decreasing angiogenic factor production. Tas13D deserves further consideration as a chemotherapeutic agent. | yes |
22,886,838 | Does vasopressin-mediated enhancement of adrenergic vasoconstriction involve both the tyrosine kinase and the protein kinase C pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Vasopressin is frequently used to treat catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock. It enhances the vasoconstrictor effects of catecholamines at concentrations of vasopressin that have none or only minimal intrinsic pressor effects. However, the vascular mechanisms underlying this combined pharma... | These data are consistent with a central role for TK in mediating both the NE response and the VP-augmented response. Moreover, PYK2 and the µ and γ isoforms of PKC seem to play a preferential role in mediating the augmented VP response. The apparent divergent roles of these pathways in mediating NE- versus VP-augmente... | yes |
22,898,493 | Does pro-inflammatory interleukin-18 increase Alzheimer 's disease-associated amyloid-β production in human neuron-like cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves increased accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles as well as neuronal loss in various regions of the neocortex. Neuroinflammation is also present, but its role in AD is not fully understood. We previously showed increased levels of pro-... | The IL-18 induction of BACE-1, APP processing, and Aβ is likely to be linked to stress-associated adaptations in neurons during the course of normal functioning and development. However, in the course of wider changes in the aging brain, and particularly in AD, the effects of heightened or prolonged levels of IL-18 may... | yes |
22,897,785 | Is milk oral immunotherapy effective in school-aged children? | {
"contexts": [
" To study the efficacy of oral immunotherapy (OIT) in schoolchildren with cow's milk (CM) allergy (CMA).",
" Twenty-eight children aged 6-14 years with CMA documented by oral challenge were enrolled into a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled OIT study. In the active treatment, CM p... | This placebo-controlled, double-blind study confirmed that OIT was effective in desensitizing schoolchildren with CMA. With occasional exceptions, the reached desensitization sustained for more than 3 years. | yes |
22,897,789 | Is malignant calcification an important unfavorable prognostic factor in primary invasive breast cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore the clinical characteristics and prognostic value of malignant calcification in operable breast cancer.",
"A total of 721 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma were divided into two groups based on whether malignant calcifications were observed on mammograms. The association of c... | Mammographic calcification is a poor prognostic factor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma. Its prognostic value is second only to axillary node status and greater than the other factors evaluated. Thus, breast cancers with calcifications should be regarded as high risk when determining adjuvant treatment. | yes |
22,891,176 | Does gluten-free diet appear to induce endoscopic remission of eosinophilic esophagitis in children with coexistent celiac disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis are usually considered to be separate gastrointestinal diseases; however, it appears that they may coexist more often than would be expected. It is unknown whether eosinophilic esophagitis in patients with celiac disease responds to a gluten-free diet."... | The prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis in patients with celiac disease was 4.4%, confirming a higher than expected prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis compared with the general population. In patients with celiac disease, a gluten-free diet did not appear to induce remission of coexistent endoscopic and histolog... | no |
22,905,198 | Does structural imbalance promote behavior analogous to aesthetic preference in domestic chicks? | {
"contexts": [
"Visual images may be judged 'aesthetic' when their positioning appears imbalanced. An apparent imbalance may signify an as yet incomplete action or event requiring more detailed processing. As such it may refer to phylogenetically ancient stimulus-response mechanisms such as those mediating atten... | Our results are consistent with the idea that the coding of structural imbalance is primary and even overrides classical conditioning. Generalized to the humans, these results suggest aesthetic judgments based upon structural imbalance may be based on evolutionarily ancient mechanisms, which are shared by different ver... | yes |
22,879,428 | Is increased body mass index associated with a global and distributed decrease in white matter microstructural integrity? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity and decreased physical health are linked to deficits in several cognitive domains. The broad range of cognitive problems linked to obesity suggests a global mechanism that may interfere with multiple neural systems. We examined how variation in body mass index (BMI) is associated with the... | Our results show that increased BMI is globally associated with a reduction in white matter integrity throughout the brain, elucidating a potential mechanism by which changes in physical health may influence cognitive health. | yes |
22,879,429 | Is maternal early-pregnancy vitamin D status associated with maternal depressive symptoms in the Amsterdam Born Children and Their Development cohort? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine low maternal vitamin D status as a potential risk factor for high levels of depressive symptoms in a pregnant population.",
"In the Amsterdam Born Children and Their Development cohort, maternal serum vitamin D (n = 4236) was measured during early pregnancy (median, 13 weeks) and l... | In this study, low early-pregnancy vitamin D status was associated with elevated depressive symptoms in pregnancy. Further research, using a randomized controlled design, would be required to confirm the causality of this association and the potential benefits of higher vitamin D intake for psychosocial health. | yes |
22,879,420 | Does image jitter enhance visual performance when spatial resolution is impaired? | {
"contexts": [
"Visibility of low-spatial frequency stimuli improves when their contrast is modulated at 5 to 10 Hz compared with stationary stimuli. Therefore, temporal modulations of visual objects could enhance the performance of low vision patients who primarily perceive images of low-spatial frequency conte... | Results suggest that retinal-image jitter with optimal frequency and amplitude is an effective strategy for enhancing visual information processing in the absence of spatial detail. These findings will enable the development of novel tools to improve the quality of life of low vision patients. | yes |
22,880,710 | Does denervation impair bone regeneration during distraction osteogenesis in rabbit tibia lengthening? | {
"contexts": [
"The nervous system plays an important role in bone metabolism. However, the effect of denervation on bone formation during distraction osteogenesis (DO) remains unclear. We studied neural influence on bone regeneration during DO in a rabbit model.",
"24 New Zealand male white rabbits underwen... | The results suggest that the nervous system plays an essential role during DO: the denervation appears to have an inhibitory effect on bone formation. | yes |
22,883,433 | Does genome-wide association study implicate HLA-C*01:02 as a risk factor at the major histocompatibility complex locus in schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify common risk variants for schizophrenia.",
"The discovery scan included 1606 patients and 1794 controls from Ireland, using 6,212,339 directly genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A subset of this sample (2... | This study provides further support for involvement of MHC class I molecules in schizophrenia. We found evidence of association with previously reported risk alleles at the TCF4, VRK2, and ZNF804A loci. | yes |
22,905,678 | Is the proto-oncogene c-src involved in primordial follicle activation through the PI3K , PKC and MAPK signaling pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"C-src is an evolutionarily conserved proto-oncogene that regulates cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. In our previous studies, we have reported that another proto-oncogene, c-erbB2, plays an important role in primordial follicle activation and development. We also found that c-src... | C-src plays an important role in regulating primordial follicle activation and growth via the PI3K-PKC- ERK1/2 pathway. | yes |
22,898,456 | Does prevalence and correlate of dog walking among Japanese dog owners? | {
"contexts": [
"Exploring the detailed pattern and correlates of dog walking is crucial to designing effective interventions to increase the proportion of dog walkers. The current study examined the prevalence and pattern of dog walking, the association between dog walking and health-related physical activity, a... | The findings confirmed that dog walking significantly helps dog owners meet physical activity recommendations for health and revealed that dog-specific factors such as dog attachment might be stronger correlates of dog walking than sociodemographic factors. | yes |
22,884,619 | Does auxiliary locking plate improve fracture stability and healing in intertrochanteric fractures fixated by intramedullary nail? | {
"contexts": [
"Intertrochanteric fractures present a significant management challenge due to their low inherent stability. The objective of this study was to determine whether an auxiliary locking plate decreases interfragmentary motions and improves fracture healing in intertrochanteric fractures treated by in... | The findings of our study indicate that auxiliary locked plating considerably improves biomechanical performance and results in successful healing of unstable intertrochanteric to subtrochanteric femur fractures. | yes |
22,884,792 | Does exposure to low-dose barium by drinking water cause hearing loss in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"We continuously ingest barium as a general element by drinking water and foods in our daily life. Exposure to high-dose barium (>100mg/kg/day) has been shown to cause physiological impairments. Direct administration of barium to inner ears by vascular perfusion has been shown to cause physiologic... | Our results demonstrate for the first time that low-dose barium administered by drinking water specifically distributes to inner ears resulting in severe ototoxicity with degeneration of inner ears in mice. | yes |
22,891,286 | Is therapeutic immunization against Mycobacterium tuberculosis an effective adjunct to antibiotic treatment? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent advances in rational adjuvant design and antigen selection have enabled a new generation of vaccines with potential to treat and prevent infectious disease. The aim of this study was to assess whether therapeutic immunization could impact the course of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection ... | These results demonstrate the ability of therapeutic immunization to significantly enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy against tuberculosis and other infectious diseases, with implications for treatment duration, patient compliance, and more optimal resource allocation. | yes |
22,907,231 | Does doxycycline ameliorate the dystrophic phenotype of skeletal and cardiac muscles in mdx mice? | {
"contexts": [
"We examined whether doxycycline, an antibiotic member of the tetracycline family, improves the histopathology and muscle function in mdx mice, the experimental model of DMD.",
"Doxycycline was administered for 36 days (starting on postnatal day 0) and for 9 months (starting at 8 months of age... | This study provides evidence that doxycycline may be a potential therapeutic agent for DMD. | yes |
22,884,220 | Do [ Management of breast asymmetry associated with primary funnel chest ]? | {
"contexts": [
"The funnel chest or pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common congenital deformity. In women, it can be associated in some cases with breast asymmetry. It is the main cause of consultation in these patients. We report our management of this malformation by thoracic silicone prothesis modeled by co... | Breasts asymmetries associated with PE can be adequately corrected using an isolated thoracic endoprothesis. Whether it remains a lack of results, perform an unilaterally or bilaterally breast augmentation in a second time is always possible. | yes |
22,910,256 | Does early administration of oxybutynin improve bladder function and clinical outcomes in newborns with posterior urethral valves? | {
"contexts": [
"Abnormal bladder function following posterior urethral valve ablation can lead to deleterious effects on renal function and urinary continence. We performed a pilot study to determine if bladder dysfunction could be ameliorated by the early administration of oxybutynin.",
"We enrolled infants... | This pilot study demonstrates that early use of anticholinergic therapy in infants with high voiding pressures and/or small bladder capacity after primary posterior urethral valve ablation has beneficial effects on bladder function. | yes |
22,899,211 | Does clinical and MRI result after microfracture of osteochondral lesions of the talus? | {
"contexts": [
"Arthroscopic microfracture (AM) of osteochondral lesions of the talus is used to induce intrinsic refilling of the defect and reduce pain. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the clinical state after AM and the MRI outcome.",
"A total of 22 patients [10 women, 12 men, 31 ye... | After AM of osteochondral lesions of the talus, 18 of 22 patients had no or mild, occasional pain at 2 years follow-up. On MRI, the lesion volume had been reduced and filling with repair tissue was found. | yes |
22,893,467 | Is expression of SOCS3 throughout liver regeneration regulated by DNA methylation? | {
"contexts": [
"While suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) plays a crucial role in suppressing dysplasia and tumorigenesis, it also offers a typical instance of DNA methylation in the regulation of gene transcription, since the promoter region of the SOCS3 gene is rich in CpG islands (CGIs). During liver r... | DNA methylation or demethylation seems to be a relatively stable modification of cytosine, but not a dynamic and reversible process to regulate gene transcription in daily and acute pathophysiological events. | no |
22,894,767 | Is a founder mutation in the PEX6 gene responsible for increased incidence of Zellweger syndrome in a French Canadian population? | {
"contexts": [
"Zellweger syndrome (ZS) is a peroxisome biogenesis disorder due to mutations in any one of 13 PEX genes. Increased incidence of ZS has been suspected in French-Canadians of the Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean region (SLSJ) of Quebec, but this remains unsolved.",
"We identified 5 ZS patients from SLSJ di... | We report increased incidence of ZS in French-Canadians of SLSJ caused by a PEX6 founder mutation. To our knowledge, this is the highest reported incidence of ZS worldwide. These findings have implications for carrier screening and support the utility of NGS for molecular confirmation of peroxisomal disorders. | yes |
22,909,075 | Is obesity an independent risk factor for pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis in liver recipients? | {
"contexts": [
"Portal vein thrombosis is a frequent complication in end-stage cirrhosis with a considerable peri-operative risk for liver transplant candidates. We aimed to characterize the pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis in a cohort of liver transplant recipients, and to identify independent risk factors... | We recommend close control of cardiovascular factors in patients with liver cirrhosis in order to avoid associated thrombosis. | yes |
22,884,074 | Do murine corneal stroma cells suppress bone marrow-derived dendritic cells maturation in vitro? | {
"contexts": [
"Prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) is a key modulator of dendritic cells (DCs) function, and cornea-derived transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF-β(2)) promotes the generation of phenotypically and functionally immature DCs. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate whether PGE(2) is involved ... | PGE(2) contributes to the suppressive effect on BM-DCs maturation mediated by CSCs in vitro, and PGE(2) and TGF-β(2) have additive effects on the immunosuppression of BM-DCs. | yes |
22,884,070 | Does intravenous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells attenuate oleic acid induced acute lung injury in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Acute lung injury (ALI) and end-stage acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were among the most common causes of death in intensive care units. The activation of an inflammatory response and the damage of pulmonary epithelium and endotheliumwerethe hallmark of ALI/ARDS. Recent studies had de... | Intravenous transplantation of MSCs could maintain the integrity of the pulmonary alveolar-capillary barrier and modulate the inflammatory response to attenuate the experimental ALI/ARDS. Transplantation of MSCs could be a novel cell-based therapeutic strategy for prevention and treatment of ALI/ARDS. | yes |
22,907,485 | Is influence of Helicobacter pylori status and eradication on the serum levels of trefoil factors and pepsinogen test : serum trefoil factor 3 a stable biomarker? | {
"contexts": [
"Emerging data indicate that serum trefoil factors (TFFs), especially TFF3, could be potential biomarkers for gastric cancer risk. We aimed to evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) status and eradication on serum TFFs and the pepsinogen test.",
"Healthy individuals who unde... | In serum TFFs and pepsinogen tests, only serum TFF3s were not significantly affected by H. pylori eradication, suggesting that serum TFF3 could be a stable biomarker of gastric cancer risk even after H.pylori eradication in contrast with the pepsinogen test. | yes |
22,900,020 | Does haploinsufficiency of Cyfip1 produce fragile X-like phenotypes in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Copy number variation (CNV) at the 15q11.2 region, which includes a gene that codes for CYFIP1 (cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein 1), has been implicated in autism, intellectual disability and additional neuropsychiatric phenotypes. In the current study we studied the function of Cyfip1 in syn... | These results demonstrate that haploinsufficiency of Cyfip1 mimics key aspects of the phenotype of Fmr1 knockout mice and are consistent with the hypothesis that these effects are mediated by interaction of Cyfip1 and Fmrp in regulating activity-dependent translation. The data provide support for a model where CYFIP1 h... | yes |
22,885,264 | Does iFNα2b augment immune responses of cisplatin+5-fluorouracil treated tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients -- a preliminary study? | {
"contexts": [
"Interferon alpha 2b (IFNα2b) has been reported to regulate several immune functions efficiently to enhance the cytotoxic activity of NK and T cells towards various forms of tumours. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of IFNα2b in overcoming disease induced and/or trea... | IFNα2b appears to be an effective immunostimulator having clinical impact to combat the immunosuppression in TSCC patients. Successful immunostimulation by IFNα2b may help TSCC patients in clinical improvement. The findings of this preliminary study need to be confirmed on a large number of patients with TSCC. | yes |
22,884,137 | Do application of T2 measurement on gradient echo T2-weighted imaging in differential diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and calcification? | {
"contexts": [
"Differential diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage and calcification is a common problem encountered in clinical imaging diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of T2 measurement on gradient echo (GRE) T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) in differential diagnosis of intracra... | Quantitative measurement of T2 value on GRE T2 WI with a single MRI examination provides a fast, convenient, and effective means in differential diagnosis between intracranial hemorrhage and calcification, which may thus reduce the medical cost and save precious time for clinical management. | yes |
22,883,710 | Is hypotensive effect of Gentiana floribunda mediated through Ca++ antagonism pathway? | {
"contexts": [
"Gentiana floribunda was investigated for the possible hypotensive and vasodilator activities in an attempt to rationalize its traditional use in hypertension.",
"The crude extract of Gentiana floribunda (Gf.Cr) was studied in anaesthetized rats and isolated thoracic aorta tissues.",
"Gf.C... | These data indicate that BP-lowering action of Gentiana floribunda occurred via Ca++ antagonism (inhibition of Ca++ ingress and release from intracellular stores), which provides pharmacological basis to justify its effectiveness in hypertension. | yes |
22,897,405 | Does aggressive lung donor management increase graft procurement without increasing renal graft loss after transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the impact of an aggressive protocol on the rate of lung grafts available for transplant. We analyzed the impact of this management on kidney graft survival after kidney transplantation.",
"A cohort study. Lung donors and kidney recipients from 2009 and 2010 were considered the p... | Aggressive management strategy in potential lung donors, which includes ventilator recruitment maneuvers, PEEP ≥ 8 cm H(2)O, the use of HRT, and restrictive fluid balance increases the rate of lung grafts available for transplantation without adverse effect on kidney graft survival. | yes |
22,906,886 | Are elevated interleukin-6 concentration and alterations of the coagulation system associated with the development of intraventricular hemorrhage in extremely preterm infants? | {
"contexts": [
"Pathogenesis of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in premature infants is multifactorial. Little is known about the influence of pro-inflammatory cytokine activation on the coagulation system in extremely preterm infants and its impact on the development of IVH.",
"To determine the interactio... | The association of elevated IL-6 levels with alterations of the coagulation profile and development of IVH found in our study supports the assumption of a close pathophysiological relation between inflammation and IVH. | yes |
22,896,656 | Does src Inhibition with saracatinib reverse fulvestrant resistance in ER-positive ovarian cancer models in vitro and in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"More effective, less toxic treatments for recurrent ovarian cancer are needed. Although more than 60% of ovarian cancers express the estrogen receptor (ER), ER-targeted drugs have been disappointing due to drug resistance. In other estrogen-sensitive cancers, estrogen activates Src to phosphoryla... | Saracatinib augments effects of fulvestrant by opposing estrogen-mediated Src activation and target gene expression, increasing cell-cycle arrest, and impairing survival, all of which would oppose antiestrogen resistance in these ER+ ovarian cancer models. These data support further preclinical and clinical evaluation ... | yes |
22,897,803 | Is methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate in hypertensive Chinese males? | {
"contexts": [
"Plasma level of total homocysteine (tHcy) is negatively correlated with kidney function in general population. However, the causal mechanism of this correlation is poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T g... | MTHFR 677 T is a risk allele for decreased kidney function in Chinese males, implicating this gene in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). | yes |
22,882,851 | Does endothelial progenitor cell transplantation ameliorate elastin breakdown in a Kawasaki disease mouse model? | {
"contexts": [
"Coronary artery damage from Kawasaki disease (KD) is closely linked to the dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of EPCs transplantation in KD model.",
"Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE)-induced KD mo... | Exogenously administered EPCs, which represent a novel strategy could prevent the dysfunction of EPCs, accelerate the repair of coronary artery endothelium lesion and decrease the occurrence of aneurysm. | yes |
22,882,855 | Does pioglitazone ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by down-regulating hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B and cyclooxygenases-2 expression in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Pioglitazone is effective in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the mechanisms of action are not completely understood. This study was designed to investigate the effects of pioglitazone on hepatic nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and cyclooxygenases-2 (COX-2) expression in NASH rats.",
"... | Down-regulating hepatic NF-κB and COX-2 expression, at least in part, is one of the possible therapeutic mechanisms of pioglitazone in NASH rats. | yes |
22,882,854 | Does methanesulfonic acid sodium salt protect retina from acute light damage in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Methanesulfonic acid sodium salt (Dipyrone), an antipyretic and analgesic drug, has been demonstrated to improve cerebral ischemia through the inhibition of mitochondrial cell death cascades. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential photoprotective activity of methanesulfonic acid sodi... | Methanesulfonic acid sodium salt is an effective photoprotective agent against light-induced retinopathy through the inhibition of CytC-mediated mitochondrial impairment. | yes |
22,882,857 | Does fHL2 inhibit the Id3-promoted proliferation and invasive growth of human MCF-7 breast cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Id3 plays a key role in the progression of breast cancer. Previously, four and a half LIM protein (FHL2) was identified as a repressor of Id family proteins by interacting with them. This study aimed to investigate the effects of FHL2 on the transcriptional regulation and oncogenic activities of ... | FHL2 can inhibit the proliferation and invasive growth of human breast cancer cells by repressing the functional activity of Id3. The functional roles of FHL2-Id3 signaling in the development of human breast cancer need further research. | yes |
22,886,293 | Does use of wound drain following open reduction and internal fixation of femoral shaft fractures? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine if routine use of closed suction wound drainage is justified following open reduction and internal fixation of femoral-shaft fractures.",
"Patients undergoing reduction and internal fixation of 75 femoral shaft fractures were prospectively randomised into two groups: one receivin... | No benefit was observed in the routine use of wound drains following open reduction and internal | yes |
22,901,165 | Is loss of DBC2 expression an early and progressive event in the development of lung adenocarcinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"DBC2 (Deleted in Breast Cancer 2) has been indicated to be a tumor suppressor gene in many cancers including lung adenocarcinoma recently. In this study, we aimed to explore the expression status of DBC2 in different subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (from pre-invasive to invasive lesions), and to ... | We conclude that loss of DBC2 expression is an early and progressive event in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Positive DBC2 immunohistochemistry may become an indicator for early stage disease and better prognosis of lung adenocarcinomas. | yes |
22,901,169 | Does down-regulation of SENP1 expression increase apoptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of down-regulation of Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 1 (SENP1) expression on the apoptosis of human Burkitt lymphoma cells (Daudi cells) and potential mechanisms.",
"Short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting SENP1 was designed and synthesized and then cloned into a lentivi... | SENP1-shRNA can efficiently inhibit SENP1 expression in Daudi cells. SENP1 inhibition may promote cell apoptosis. These findings suggest that SENP1 may serve as an important target in the gene therapy of Burkitts lymphoma. | yes |
22,889,746 | Does stat3 contribute to indoxyl sulfate-induced inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression and cellular senescence? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased phosphorylation (activation) of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) on tyrosine 705 leads to renal fibrosis. Indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, induces renal fibrosis through expression of transforming growth factor-β(1) (TGF-β(1)) in proximal tubular cells. The pre... | Stat3 is involved in indoxyl sulfate-induced inflammatory and fibrotic gene expression and cellular senescence in proximal tubular cells. | yes |
22,892,727 | Does milnacipran enhance the control of impulsive action by activating D₁-like receptors in the infralimbic cortex? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated impulsivity is often observed in patients with depression. We recently found that milnacipran, an antidepressant and a serotonin/noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, could enhance impulse control in rats. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of milnacipran on impulsive acti... | This is the first report that demonstrates a critical role for D(1)-like receptors of the IL in milnacipran-enhanced control of impulsive action. | yes |
22,879,942 | Does differences in neural-immune gene expression response in rat spinal dorsal horn correlate with variations in electroacupuncture analgesia? | {
"contexts": [
"Electroacupuncture (EA) has been widely used to alleviate diverse pains. Accumulated clinical experiences and experimental observations indicated that significant differences exist in sensitivity to EA analgesia for individuals of patients and model animals. However, the molecular mechanism accou... | Our results suggested that differential regulation and coordination of neural-immune related genes might play an important role for individual variations in analgesic effects responding to EA in DH. It also provided new candidate genes related to EA responsiveness for future investigation. | yes |
22,900,022 | Is tC10 regulated by caveolin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"TC10 is a small GTPase found in lipid raft microdomains of adipocytes. The protein undergoes activation in response to insulin, and plays a key role in the regulation of glucose uptake by the hormone.",
"TC10 requires high concentrations of magnesium in order to stabilize guanine nucleotide b... | Together these data suggest that TC10 is intrinsically active in vivo, but is maintained in the inactive state by binding to Caveolin 1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes under basal conditions, permitting its activation by insulin. | yes |
22,906,633 | Does the novel compound liguzinediol exert positive inotropic effects in isolated rat heart via sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase-dependent mechanism? | {
"contexts": [
"The present work investigated the underlying mechanism for the positive inotropic effect of liguzinediol (LZDO) in isolated rat hearts.",
"Isolated rat heart perfusion, intracellular action potential recording, patch clamp and Ca2+ imaging were used to measure the isolated rat heart contracti... | The positive inotropic effect of LZDO in isolated rat hearts was mediated through an elevation of SR Ca2+ transient, which may act on SR Ca2+ ATPase. LZDO has a unique biological mechanism that may prove effective in treating heart failure in clinic. | yes |
22,906,635 | Does lMO4 inhibit p53-mediated proliferative inhibition of breast cancer cells through interacting p53? | {
"contexts": [
"The LIM domain only proteins (LMOs) which consist of four members (LMO1-LMO4) are a family of nuclear transcription coregulators that are characterized by the exclusive presence of two tandem LIM domains and no other functional domains. They regulate gene transcription by functioning as \"linker\... | The present study showed that LMO4 is a direct target of p53 and inhibits p53-mediated proliferative inhibition of breast cancer cells through interacting p53. | yes |
11,308,144 | Does preoperative chemotherapy for lung cancer increase surgical morbidity? | {
"contexts": [
"Preoperative chemotherapy (C+S) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has increased in an attempt to improve survival. Patients receiving C+S potentially may have an increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality compared with surgery alone (S). We reviewed our experience with C+S and S in a ... | C+S did not significantly affect morbidity or mortality overall, based on clinical stage, postoperative stage, or extent of resection. The potential for enhanced survival in resectable NSCLC justifies continued study of C+S. | no |
11,308,149 | Are pulmonary macrophages involved in reperfusion injury after lung transplantation? | {
"contexts": [
"Reperfusion injury is a perplexing cause of early graft failure after lung transplantation. Although recipient neutrophils are thought to have a role in the development of reperfusion injury, some researchers have shown that neutrophils are not involved in its earliest phase. Intrinsic donor pulm... | The earliest phase of reperfusion injury after lung transplantation involves donor pulmonary macrophages. | yes |
11,314,682 | Does repeated exposure to inhaled toluene induce behavioral and neurochemical cross-sensitization to cocaine in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Toluene is a solvent found in many commercial products and is frequently abused by inhalation. Whether previous exposure to toluene alters subsequent responses to other drugs of abuse is not known.",
"This study determined the effects of repeated toluene exposure on the acute motor-stimulant ... | Overall, these findings show that repeated toluene exposure enhances behavioral and neurochemical responses to subsequent cocaine administration. | yes |
11,283,889 | Is nitric oxide synthase absent in only a subset of cases of pyloric stenosis? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to study nitric oxide synthase (NOS) immunohistochemistry in the pyloric muscle and establish the role of nitric oxide in pyloric stenosis.",
"Pyloric muscle biopsy specimens were obtained from 20 patients with pyloric stenosis during pyloromyotomy. Ten control speci... | NOS deficiency leading to lack of locally available nitric oxide causes a failure of smooth muscle relaxation. This may account for the cause of pyloric stenosis in infants. However, this study shows that this is true probably only in a subset of cases. The etiology of pyloric stenosis may still be multifactorial. Furt... | yes |
11,283,884 | Is oxygen-induced vasodilation blunted in pulmonary arterioles from fetal rats with nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia? | {
"contexts": [
"Persistent pulmonary hypertension contributes to the high mortality rate associated with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Oxygen is an important stimulus for pulmonary vasodilation in the perinatal period. The authors have investigated the responses of isolated pulmonary arterioles from fet... | Oxygen-induced vasodilation is blunted in pulmonary arterioles from rats with nitrofen-induced CDH. Blunted oxygen-induced vasodilation may contribute to persistent pulmonary hypertension in CDH. J Pediatr Surg 36:593-597. | yes |
11,306,422 | Does increased hypoxia correlate with increased expression of the angiogenesis marker vascular endothelial growth factor in human prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"To test the hypothesis that increasing levels of hypoxia are associated with increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in prostate cancer by correlating the level of median tissue oxygenation in human prostate tumors with the immunohistochemically determined level of VEGF ... | To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating a significant association between increasing levels of hypoxia and increased expression of the angiogenesis marker VEGF in human prostate carcinoma. The results of our study further support the exploration of antiangiogenesis strategies for the treatment of human ... | yes |
11,296,965 | Do antibodies against serotonin have no diagnostic relevance in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the prevalence and potential diagnostic relevance of autoantibodies against serotonin, thromboplastin, and ganglioside Gm1 in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FM).",
"Sera from 203 patients with FM and 64 pain-free control subjects were analyzed with enzyme immunoassays. Clin... | There is an elevated prevalence of antibodies against serotonin and thromboplastin in patients with FM. The pathophysiological significance of this finding is unknown. Calculation of positive predictive values of antiserotonin antibodies shows that measurement of these antibodies has no diagnostic relevance. | yes |
11,291,801 | Are interleukin-6 levels inversely correlated with heart rate variability in patients with decompensated heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Increased local and systemic elaboration of cytokines have an important role in the pathogenesis of congestive heart failure (CHF) through diverse mechanisms. Because cytokines are known to act at the neuronal level in both the peripheral and central nervous system, we sought to determine whether... | Reduction of long-term HRV indices is associated with increased levels of IL-6 in patients with decompensated heart failure. The ability of long-term HRV parameters to better reflect activation of diverse hormonal systems may explain their greater prognostic power for risk stratification in patients with CHF. | yes |
11,306,367 | Is routine placement of ureteral stents unnecessary after ureteroscopy for urinary calculi? | {
"contexts": [
"To report a matched comparison of patients with and without stenting after ureteroscopy for calculi, including middle or proximal ureteral and renal calculi. The elimination of routine stenting after ureteroscopy would prevent stent pain, minimize the need for re-instrumentation, and reduce costs... | Ureteroscopy for distal ureteral stones without ureteral stent placement has been previously described. Our experience expands to include the elimination of stent placement after ureteroscopy for middle or proximal ureteral (22%) and renal (35%) calculi. Our data suggest that after ureteroscopies with short operative t... | yes |
11,295,658 | Do airway epithelial cells release eosinophil survival-promoting factors ( GM-CSF ) after stimulation of proteinase-activated receptor 2? | {
"contexts": [
"Epithelium is considered an active participant in allergic inflammation. Proteinase-activated receptor (PAR) 2 is expressed in a variety of cell types, including epithelial cells, and has been implicated in inflammation.",
"PAR-2-mediated activation of airway epithelial cells induces the rele... | PAR-2-mediated activation of airway epithelial cells induced release of GM-CSF, which promoted eosinophil survival and activation. It also induced release of eotaxin, which could mediate eosinophil recruitment to the airways. | yes |
11,295,657 | Is fusion protein vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 implicated in IFN-gamma-induced piecemeal degranulation in human eosinophils from atopic individuals? | {
"contexts": [
"Exocytosis is an integral event during IFN-gamma-induced piecemeal degranulation in eosinophils. In many tissues soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), including vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP), act as specific intracellular receptors to allow ... | These findings suggest that exocytosis in human eosinophils is regulated by SNAREs, with a specific role indicated for VAMP-2 in piecemeal degranulation. | yes |
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