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Introduction {#s1}
============
Rsp5, the sole member of the Nedd4 E3 ligase family in *S. cerevisiae*, has been implicated in various steps in intracellular trafficking, including endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins [@pone.0075372-Horak1] such as the Fur4 uracil permease [@pone.0075372-Galan1] and the Mat α recep... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Cell fate is known to be regulated by signals from the microenvironment,[@cit1] not only through soluble signals but also through biophysical cues.[@cit2]--[@cit5] Biophysical cues, including topographical features, geometries and substrate stiffness, control upstream cytoskeleton assembly an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Osteoporosis is a global public health problem currently affecting nearly 50 million of individuals in the industrialized countries and representing a major public health burden nowadays and for the foreseeable future \[[@pone.0172100.r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Protein--protein interactions (PPIs) are critical to almost all biological process, and a good knowledge of the network of interacting proteins is crucial to understanding cellular mechanisms ([@ref-81]). Recent advances in biotechnology, such as high-throughput yeast two-hybrid screening, ha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Physical inactivity is related to all-cause mortality and implicated in 6% of total deaths globally ([@B71], [@B71]). Physical inactivity is also associated with increased risk from multiple chronic illnesses and conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, some cancers, and obesity... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Background {#sec1}
=============
Volatile oils (VOs) have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anthelmintic, antimalarial, antiviral, antibacterial, cholesterol inhibition, and insecticide activities \[[@B1], [@B2]\]. The chemical structures of VOs determine their therapeutic activities \[[@B3]\]. Recently, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
The presentation of two simultaneous primary tumours is rare \[[@RJU066C1]\]. In the paper we report on an 82-year-old female who was diagnosed with primary breast and bladder cancer. We review the literature on multiple primary cancers (MPC) and discuss the diagnostic and treatment cha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Topical timolol maleate is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker that is commonly used for treatment of open-angle glaucoma. It has been frequently used as first-line therapy for reduction of associated ocular hypertension. While systemic concentration after administration... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Small organic and metal-containing molecules (MW \< 1000) can catalyse synthetically useful reactions with the high levels of stereo-selectivity typically associated with macromolecular enzymatic catalysts. Whereas enzymes are generally understood to accelerate reactions and impart selectivity by *stabilising* specific... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Neurotrophic keratitis (NK) is a rare degenerative corneal disease caused by damage of trigeminal innervation. Corneal nerves play an essential role in tear production and preservation of the normal metabolism and function of the ocular surface. Loss of sensitivity impairs corneal wound heali... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s0005}
============
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant cancer with an unknown etiology and an unfavorable prognosis. The morbidity and mortality of CCA have increased year by year worldwide [@bb0005]. Because of limited diagnostic methodologies, the majority of patients are diagnosed at advanced st... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction: tracking energy expenditure in athletes {#s1}
=====================================================
One of the unique characteristics of athletes is that energy requirements of training and competition increase their total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) beyond those of the general population (Westerterp... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .21}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Indoleamine 2,3--dioxygenase 1 (IDO1, also known as tryptophan pyrrolase) is a heme-containing enzyme that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of L-tryptophan to N-formyl-L-kynurenine in the first and rate-limiting step of tryptophan metabolism[@b1]. The great majority of tryptophan is known to be metabolized by the kynur... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec6}
============
Selective logging is the dominant commercial activity in forested areas of the tropics with strong conservation potential (Frumhoff, [@CR11]; Struhsaker, [@CR38]). This potential is arguably strongest in central Africa, where a combination of weak communications and infrastructure, la... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#s1}
================
Most of the world\'s population now lives in countries where fertility rates are plummeting, with a global demographic transition to low fertility projected by the end of this century \[[@RSPB20132732C1]\]. Yet explaining why and how fertility declines is a profound theoretical ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The devastating prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), together with better knowledge of pathogenesis of the disease, have prompted search for new treatment strategies. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors offer novel opportunities for the management of T2DM as they are endowed w... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec0005}
===============
Neural representations of the body formed within the human brain, known as the body representation system (BRS), is central to the understanding of motor functions ([@bib0095], [@bib0230]). The BRS is constantly updated using sensory information, especially proprioception tha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The molecular mechanisms of seed development are extensively studied, and many genes involved have been already identified. *SHB1*,[@R1] *IKU1*,[@R2] *MINI3*,[@R3] *IKU2*,[@R3] AP2,[@R4]^-^[@R6] and MADS-box transcription factors *AGL61*,[@R7]^,^[@R8] AGL62,[@R9] and *AGL80*[@R10] mainly regu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent solid tumor in men from industrialized nations and is the second largest cancer-related killer (Center et al., [@B14]; Siegel et al., [@B58]). Age is a significant risk factor for the disease. The incidence in USA jumps from 1 in 7,964 to 1 in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a significant health issue in females worldwide \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. There are approximately 250,000 procedures annually in the USA for POP, with as many as 29% of women having to undergo repeat surgery \[[@CR2]\]. Traditional anterior repair of cystocele... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Disclosure: No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.
Introduction {#j_raon-2014-0040_s_001}
============
Ectopic spleen tissue takes two forms, it is either congenital and presents as accessory spleens or an acquired condition, called splenosis. Splenosis occurs as un-encapsulated splenic tissue localized o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Glycan analysis is increasingly applied in biological research, clinical analysis, and pharmaceutical biotechnological production. Specific glycosylation patterns have been associated with states of health and disease \[[@CR1]--[@CR4]\]. Moreover, glycosylation changes may modulate th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Summary
=======
Aortic pulse wave velocity is altered by normal aging, as well as vessel wall pathology. We evaluated aortic compliance and its relationship to age in normals and patients with heart failure.
Background
==========
Aortic compliance (AC) can be evaluated noninvasively and its reduction with aortic pat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Pseudoaneurysm (PA) or false aneurysm is a relatively rare but threatening clinical disease \[[@B1]\]. PAs are always the results of trauma \[[@B2]\], inflammation \[[@B3]\] or iatrogenic procedures \[[@B4],[@B5]\], presenting with pulsatile masses, compressive feelings or hemorrhage as the m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#s1}
================
Despite a wealth of clinical and health services research, there is a well-recognized *"failure to translate research into practice and policy"* [@b1]. This failure has created a growing and significant interest in the field of implementation science (IS) which is defined as "*t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Questions of the accommodation of specific Muslim practices[^1^](#fn1){ref-type="fn"} and rights (e.g., headscarf, Mosques, Islamic education) within the limits of liberal societies are at the center of the polarized debate in Western Europe and other Western societies (e.g., [@c7]). Research has focused on understandi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), whose 5-year survival rate is as low as 6%,^[@bib1],\ [@bib2]^ is one of the most aggressive malignancies, because the disease is often diagnosed at a late stage, and its treatment options are limited. PDAC has a very poor prognosis.^[@bib3],\ [@bib4],... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-2331216517744915}
============
Hearing loss in older adults is often left untreated ([@bibr4-2331216517744915]; [@bibr16-2331216517744915]), despite abundant evidence showing that hearing aid use improves communication and health outcomes ([@bibr5-2331216517744915]; Mulrow, Tuley, & Aguilar, 1992).... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All data is available in the supplements of this article.
Introduction {#sec004}
============
Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) has become the method of choice for quantification of RNA molecules. This powerful tool enables the detection of minimal starting amounts of specific nucleic acids. However, b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
These authors contributed equally to the study.
This work was supported by grants from the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (Nos. 2016-27 and KY-GW-2017-17), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Nos. 2016YFC1201000 and 2016YFC1200405 to S. J., 2016YFC-1202901 to L. L.), the Sanming Project... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In the paper by Sen *et al.* (2018[@bb1]), the address of the correspondence author, Galyna G. Tsapyuk, should be 'Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Vladimirska Str., Kiev 01601, Ukraine', as given above.
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
An electromagnetic tracking system is a navigation system that is based on the measurement of electromagnetic fields with a known distribution. Based on those measurements, the position and orientation of the field sensor can be calculated. Electromagnetic tracking systems are not dep... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Global growing concerns about energy shortages and the environmental pollution have led to worldwide use of renewable energy. Hydrogen is considered as a viable energy carrier for the future which could play an important role in the reduction of emissions of greenhouse gases \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. Rece... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Alpha 2-HS glycoprotein (AHSG), also designated as fetuin-A, is a 46 kDa serum protein that is synthesized mainly in hepatic cells \[[@B1]\]. The protein is known to exhibit multiple functions \[[@B2]\]. AHSG acts as a natural inhibitor of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase \[[@B3... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
A wealth of research about the health effects of economic insecurity has provided important evidence about the impact of unemployment on mental and physical well-being \[[@B1]-[@B11]\]. Yet, investigations into the short and long-term effects of unemployment on health behaviours such as smoking, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The elimination of preventable blinding diseases as a public health problem by the year 2020, is one of the three components of the World Health Organization (WHO) "VISION 2020 initiative: the Right to Sight." According to WHO, about 284 million people in the world suffer from visual impairme... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#eji3970-sec-0010}
============
Testicular cancer is the most common tumor among young men of 20--34 years of age and is increasing in incidence [1](#eji3970-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}. Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) account for the majority of testicular cancers and consist predominantly of classica... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
High-fidelity self-recognition and self-discrimination are of principal importance in living systems[@b1], which enable biological macromolecules, such as proteins and DNA, to self-organize into uniform quaternary and double helical structures with a controlled handedness, respectively, through noncovalent interactions... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Black phosphorus (BP), as a novel 2D material, has attracted global attention owing to outstanding optoelectronic properties and wide applications ([@B17]; [@B56]). Bulk BP can be easily exfoliated into nanosheets (NSs) with different thicknesses ([@B7]; [@B47]). Compared with other 2D materi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s01}
============
The presynaptic active zone (AZ) is a highly specialized subcellular compartment, where neurotransmitter-containing synaptic vesicles dock within a few tens of nanometers from voltage-gated calcium channels (Ca~V~) and are prepared to fuse with the plasma membrane in a Ca^2+^-dependent... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Type II restriction--modification (R--M) systems are comprised of (i) a restriction endonuclease that recognizes a specific DNA sequence and introduces double-stranded breaks at or around the recognition site and (ii) a methyltransferase (methylase) that recognizes the same DNA sequence and m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are well known to function in the early stages of the innate immune response and recognize pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMPs) from external microorganisms or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from damaged tissues \[[@CR1]\]. There... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Core tip:** Endosonography-guided biliary drainage is an effective alternative in the failure of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, with the potential to provide the least invasive and the lowest risk therapeutic modality for biliary drainage when compared to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage or... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Biology is an integrated study, which aimed to discover the various mechanisms in complex network. Although conventional experiments based on biochemical experiment can suggest \'clue\' of individual mechanism in certain condition, but they restricted to reveal the \'real\' phenomenon in whol... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Insertion of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) requires sufficient depth of anesthesia for jaw muscles to relax and suppression of airway reflexes for the device to be tolerated within the hypopharynx without undue coughing, gagging, and patient movement.\[[@ref1]\] Such conditions are pr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of heterogeneous autoimmune diseases that are accompanied by progressive symmetric muscle weakness, elevated serum levels of muscle enzymes, electromyographic abnormalities, and inflammatory infiltrates observed via muscle biopsy \[[@C... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Pulmonary edema, a state of abnormal fluid accumulation in the alveolar space of the lung, can interfere with normal oxygenation and ventilation. At baseline, the heart, lungs, and vascular system work in concert to facilitate fluid movement through the capillary and lymphatic b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Some luminescent materials continue emitting light for minutes or hours after removal of the excitation. This phenomenon, known as **persistent luminescence**, is sometimes undesired, as it limits the use of these materials in applications that require high switching speeds, such as LED... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The advent of microsurgery in the 1960\'s is considered to be one of the most important milestones in recent plastic and reconstructive surgery \[[@B1]\]. Although there is no generally agreed definition, microsurgery may be defined as surgery requiring an operating microscope. The first to c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1}
============
The copolymerization of carbon dioxide (CO~2~) and epoxides is an attractive means to valorize an abundant, renewable feedstock and to produce useful polymers with reduced greenhouse gas emissions.^[@ref1]−[@ref3]^ Coupling reactions between CO~2~ and epoxides yield cyclic carbonates ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Memory reconsolidation (ReC) is a recently proposed process explaining the update of long-term memories in the brain. Upon activation, the memory trace enters a state of lability rendering it subject to alteration and permitting integration of new information before being restabalized, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Notice of Republication {#s1}
=======================
This article was republished on July 1st, 2014, due to panel B of Figure 3 being erroneously removed during the production process. The publisher apologizes for this error. Please download the PDF again to view the corrected article and the complete Figure 3. The o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
In 2012, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The incidence of HCC was ranked as the seventh most common cancer worldwide, and its incidence rate was approximately 11.1 per 100,000 persons in 2012 \[[@R1]\]. International Agency for R... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-20-06119}
===============
Mycotoxins are extracellular metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that contaminate cereals, grains, fruits, and vegetables. The most important *Fusarium* toxins are trichothecenes, zearalenone (ZEN), and fumonisins (FBs), that are dangerous for human and anima... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Resistance training (RT) is widely recommended for subjects seeking improvements of the neuromuscular system, athletic performance, and overall health and wellness ([@B1]; [@B31]; [@B13]; [@B17]; [@B19]). Men and women of all ages display increases in muscle hypertrophy, muscle strength... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Introduction {#sec1}
============
Rapid technological and industrial developments continuously result in the emission of hazardous gases, toxins, and biomolecules. Therefore, sensing of such undesirable chemical or biochemical forms has become a significant research endeavor in recent years.^[@ref1]−[@ref3]^ Certain g... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Research in contextEvidence before this studyCircadian rhythm controls behavior, physiology, and mood, and makes them adapt to 24 h day-night periodicity. Dysfunction of circadian clock genes leads to a variety of disorders, such as metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, autoimmunity, and even cancer.Gastric cancer (GC... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Injury is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in children within the United States. Long-term complications, including depression \[[@CR1]\], chronic pain \[[@CR2]\], and physical functional deficits that include difficulty with mobility and self-care \[[@CR2]--[@CR4]\], ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Two-dimensional (2D) radiography and model surgery have traditionally been used for planning orthognathic surgeries. This approach, however, has limitations when presenting and analyzing complex three-dimensional (3D) maxillofacial structures, especially for patients with major facial deformity or asymmetry[@b1][@b2][@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Trading within Biological Systems {#sec1-cancers-11-00117}
====================================
In economics, barter is the exchange of goods or services without the involvement of money, under the premise that the two sides coincidentally want each other's offer. As a means of trading, barter is now rare, but is h... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is characterized by contiguous inflammatory lesions of spinal cord extending to ≥3 vertebral segments.^\[[@R1]\]^ The causes of LETM including various infections, neoplastic reason, and autoimmune disease.^\[[@R2]\]^ Neuromyelitis opti... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Contact heterogeneity in infectious disease epidemiology {#Sec2}
--------------------------------------------------------
Infectious pathogens that spread via contact between people are a major cause of human disease, driving attempts to understand their epidemiology \[[@CR1]\]. Much... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Using long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) can reduce malaria morbidity and mortality \[[@CR1]--[@CR3]\]. Worldwide funding for malaria control fell by 8% between 2013 and 2014 \[[@CR4]\]. Funding for the provision of LLINs can continue to decrease \[[@CR5]\] and it is necessary to ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s2}
============
Macro-autophagy is a complex multistep process that facilitates the degradation of damaged and excess proteins and organelles to generate macromolecular building blocks and fuel metabolic pathways ([@bib30]). The autophagy pathway has critical roles in core biological processes such as ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
We would like to submit the following corrections to our recently published paper \[[@B1-nutrients-12-01263]\] after discovering the inclusion of three studies in our review that did not meet the inclusion criteria we had specified in our methods: healthy adults (≥18 years old) or individuals with overweight/obesity an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Histopathologic classification of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms is complex and the recent World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the digestive system divides pancreatic endocrine tumors into three grades based on mitotic rate and proliferation index (PI) as det... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The Collier/Olfactory-1/Early B-cell factor (COE) family of transcription factors is necessary for animal development. COE proteins possess an atypical HLH domain and a unique zinc finger DNA binding domain conserved across metazoans [@pgen.1004746-Daburon1]. Invertebrates encode a sing... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The objectives of the present investigation are to determine the shape, height, and location of the lingula in relation to the mandibular ramal landmarks and the mandibular first molar in a Turkish pediatric population of 6- to 12-year-old children using cone-beam computed tomog... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Insomnia refers to a subjective experience in which patients are not satisfied with sleep time and quality and affect social function during the day, mainly manifested as difficulty falling asleep, sleep maintenance disorder, early awakening, poor sleep quality, and less total s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Visual attention: models, definitions, and influential factors
--------------------------------------------------------------
Our view of the world to a large degree rests on the information we gather by the visual sense, and visual attention plays a central role in the processing of t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Cerebral vasculitis is a serious but uncommon condition which presents considerable difficulties in recognition, diagnosis and treatment. Moyamoya disease is a progressive occlusive disease of the cerebral vasculature with particular involvement of the circle of Willis.
Aim
===
To describe a ca... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Effective asthma self-management behaviour (SMB)---e.g., symptom prevention or acute symptom management \[[@CR1]\]---can improve the control of asthma and its prognosis \[[@CR2]\]. The actual implementation of SMB is partially determined by contextual factors \[[@CR1]\], e.g., by the ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information\'s website and can be found at the following links: <https://trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/sra/?study=SRP120033><https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE105032>.
Introduction {#sec005}
============
Strategies for ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Osteotomy procedures for varus malalignment are frequently performed. Valgus malalignment deformity of the knee however, is much less frequent (2%-2,8%) (Bellemans et al. [@CR1]) and a corrective procedure i.e. a varus producing osteotomy in these valgus knees is most often performed ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
GaN-based third-generation semiconductor materials and their alloys have attracted great attention \[[@CR1]\] due to their broad applications including light-emitting diodes (LEDs) \[[@CR2]--[@CR4]\] and laser diodes (LDs) \[[@CR5]--[@CR7]\]. Although GaN-based photonic devices are wi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The blood--brain barrier (BBB), and the other blood--tissue barrier sites of the central nervous system (CNS), have been the subject of extensive research since their discovery over 100 years ago. Despite considerable advances in our understanding of the structural and functional interfac... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Partial nephrectomy has equivalent long-term oncological outcomes and superior renal functional outcomes to radical nephrectomy. Furthermore, the length of the tumor-free margin has minimal clinical significance; a normal tissue margin of 1 mm might be sufficient to prevent local recurrence a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Rhabdomyolysis can be defined as disruption of skeletal muscle leading to leakage of intracellular muscle constituents especially myoglobin into the extracellular fluid [@pone.0007182-HuertaAlardn1]. Myoglobin is a heme containing compound with a molecular weight of 17,400 Daltons and m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
This article is available from: <http://casesjournal.com/casesjournal/article/view/8122>
Introduction {#s01}
============
LMMC (or lipoma of the conus medullaris) the most commonly fatty mass occurring along or within the spine. LMMC is a form of occult spinal dysraphism in which a subcutaneous fibrofatty mass traver... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Stanozolol (5α-androstane-17α-methyl-17β-ol \[3,2-c\] pyrazole), a heterocyclic anabolic androgenic steroid was first synthesized by Clinton in 1959 \[[@B1]\]. It differs in structure with endogenous steroid hormones and most commonly used exogenous anabolic steroids \[[@B2]\]. Despite the restriction by the Internatio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
A lipoma is a benign, slow-growing, asymptomatic tumor of mesenchymal origin; lipomas consist of adipose tissue and can be sessile or pedunculated, as well as single or lobulated, typically surrounded by a fibrous capsule.[@B001]^,^[@B002] Although the etiology of lipoma remains unclear, caus... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Poisoning is an important cause of wildlife mortality, and in some instances has been responsible for extensive population declines (Green et al. [@CR8]). Primary exposure to poisons occurs when wildlife is intentionally poisoned for hunting (Ogada [@CR17]) or due to human-wildlife co... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Three articles regarding the effects of (gene-modified) bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation for treatment of spinal cord injury and the migration process and distribution of transplanted stem cells observed by *in vivo* magnetic resonance imaging tracking, providing experimental evidence for spinal cord ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1}
============
Adolescence is a key developmental time period for the emergence of psychosocial difficulties, and mental health disorders (Thapar *et al.* [@ref59]; Blakemore & Mills, [@ref5]). To promote adaptive psychosocial functioning (PSF) during adolescence, appropriate conceptualisation and q... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Na^+^/H^+^ exchangers are ubiquitous in nature as they ensure that organisms are capable of regulating their intracellular Na^+^ concentration, pH and volume \[[@pone.0182293.ref001]\]. The best studied Na... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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1. Introduction: {#sec1-microorganisms-06-00001}
================
*Propionibacterium acnes* is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium and member of the 'cutaneous' group of human propionibacteria on the skin, although it can also be isolated from the oral cavity as well as the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts \[... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Core tip**: Diet, as well as intestinal microbiota, is a key regulator of intestinal permeability, the alteration of which is central in the derangement of the gut-liver axis. In patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), intestinal permeability is increased, promoting translocation of bacteria-derived ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Angiomyomatous hamartoma (AMH) of the lymph node is characterized by partial replacement of normal nodal parenchyma by disorganized blood vessels and smooth muscle cells with or without adipose tissue within a fibrous stroma. Inguinal and femoral lymph nodes are commonly involved \[[@b1-jptm-49-2-156]-[@b3-jptm-49-2-15... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often suffer from neurological complications, thereby contributing to morbidity and mortality \[[@B1]--[@B3]\]. Peripheral neuropathy is the most commonly reported neurological complication associated with chronic renal failure \[[@B4... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Atomic nuclei---the finite quantum many-body systems consisting of protons and neutrons (known collectively as nucleons)---exhibit shell structure, in analogy to the electronic shell structure of atoms. Atoms with filled electron shells---known as the noble gases---are particularly st... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Synthetic biological systems *in vitro* have recently attracted attention, holding promise as model systems for reducing biological complexity and for the development of new hybrid functional materials (see recent review by [@b6]; [@b5]). *In vitro* transcription could be used to design DNA-b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Childhood cataract is the most common form of treatable blindness in children \[[@r1]\]. It accounts for more than 1 million blind children in Asia and about 10% of childhood blindness worldwide \[[@r2]\]. Non-syndromic congenital cataracts have an estimated incidence of 1--6 per 10,000 live ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#section5-1947603513515483}
============
Osteochondral lesions of the knee represent a large spectrum of injuries that range from softening and fibrillation of cartilage to complete loss of cartilage and bone. Techniques such as abrasion chondroplasty, drilling, or microfracture promote lesion infilling ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-vaccines-07-00191}
===============
Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted disease estimated to cause at least 78 million new cases worldwide per year \[[@B1-vaccines-07-00191]\]. The causal organism, *Neisseria gonorrhoeae,* is listed as a high priority pathogen for research into novel treatments ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Anthropogenic debris is accumulating at a rapid rate in coastal and oceanic ecosystems worldwide ([@ref-7]). The most significant contributor to these growing marine litter deposits is plastic ([@ref-21]), a material widely used by humans ([@ref-11]). In the marine environment, plastic is ini... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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