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Background {#Sec1}
==========
Due to their sessile lifestyle plants are especially exposed to environmental changes that modulate their growth and development. Optimal plant growth takes place within more or less strict environmental conditions. Outside this optimal range, plants suffer stresses which limit their grow... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Biologic valves can sometimes have a small closure or leakage backflow jet originating from the central coaptation point \[[@B1]\]. This is physiologic regurgitation that usually only requires monitoring, and not treatment. Another non-central type of leakage within the sewing ring is also known,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The Editor,
Current Oncology
October 12, 2007
**Re:** Homeopathy: does a teaspoon of honey help the medicine go down? Sagar SM. *Curr Oncol* 2007; 14:126--7.
Sir,
Pointing out the obvious (i.e., that seeking homeopathic treatment for cancer prior to early conventional diagnosis could be dangerous, and claiming eff... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Roadmap for Medical Research is a collection of far-reaching initiatives designed to transform the Nation's medical research capabilities and improve the translation of research into practice. As described below, the Roadmap consists of three major themes: new pathways to discove... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections, especially *Klebsiella pneumoniae*, represent a major health care threat. The first reported carbapenem-resistant *K pneumoniae* was identified in the late 1990s in the United States and since that moment, CRE has disseminated gl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Colour Online**: See the article online to view Figs. 1 and 2 in colour.
Technical brief {#pmic12284-sec-0010}
===============
We present that mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is capable of visualizing the release of secondary metabolites upon host sensing and fungal interaction directly from a miniaturized potato‐d... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Data are restricted from public sharing by the Medisch Ethische Toetsings Commissie - METC, Academisch ziekenhuis Maastricht / Universiteit Maastricht (Medical Research Ethics Committee - MEC, Maastricht Medical Center/ Maastricht University). Requests for de-identified data can be sent to: Marie-José Theunissen, <mj.t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#SEC1}
============
The association between non-coding variants and human diseases has been of an increasing concern ([@B1]--[@B3]), and variants that are associated with gene expression abundance have been rapidly identified and accumulated in recent years. Annotating the regulatory features of human va... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombosis affecting the venous or arterial vascular systems, and/or obstetrical morbidity along with the persistent presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), including lupus anticoagulant, anticardi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#section1-1559325818755238}
============
The impact of occupational or environmental exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation and the risk of developing noncancerous effects, including cardiovascular disease, have not been completely clarified. Experimental data indicate that several parameters could be i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide with a poor 5-year survival rate in patients ([@b1-ijo-56-02-0531],[@b2-ijo-56-02-0531]). In fact, cancer metastasis caused more than 90% of deaths from solid tumor, including lung cancer ([@b3-ijo-56-02... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Esophageal carcinoma is among the most common tumors in the world, ranking eighth in occurrence and sixth in mortality \[[@B1-ijms-15-12422]\]. Approximately 70% of global esophageal carcinoma cases occur in China and the five--year survival rate is only 10% \[[@B2-ijms-15-12422]\]. Gen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Gastrointestinal nematodes are parasites that commonly infect dogs worldwide. Infections can be subclinical or may cause considerable clinical disease, and even death in severe cases. Two of the most common gastrointestinal nematodes infecting dogs, *Toxocara canis* (canine roundworm) and... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
Glioblastoma is one of the most deadly cancers in adults which accounts for 52% of all parenchymal brain tumor cases and 20% of all intracranial tumors ([@bb0250]). Clinical decisions regarding the treatment of brain tumors depend greatly on tumor characteristics ([@bb0065]) wh... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
We have come a long way from "one-gene/one-enzyme/one-function" concept originally framed by Beadle and Tatum [@bb0005]. They provided a basic explanation of how genes work at the molecular level, however, we now know that the picture is more complex. Biological processes insid... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Intensive development of such biomedical fields as regenerative medicine, bioengineering (including tissue engineering), biopharmaceuticals, and nanobiotechnology has increased demand for the development of new biomaterials, especially biocompatible and biodegradable polymers. A variety of na... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
ADC
: antibody--drug conjugate
ADCC
: antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity
ALCL
: anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma
BV
: brentuximab vedotin
CHO
: Chinese hamster ovary
FACS
: fluorescence‐activated cell sorting
HL
: Hodgkin\'s lymphoma
MFI
: mean fluorescence intensity
MMAE
: monome... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijerph-16-03424}
===============
Radon is a radioactive, colorless, odorless and tasteless noble gas, known to be a major component of natural radiation. The accumulation of radon and its decay products in the lungs can cause lung cancer and is the second leading cause of lung cancer after smoki... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
This World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) document aims to provide guidance to help editors, researchers, funders, academic institutions and other stakeholders distinguish predatory journals from legitimate journals.
Over the past decade a group of scholarly journals have proliferated that have become known as ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
If you are employed in a biomedical laboratory, it is likely that you have worked with HeLa cells. Dependable and hardy, these cells have been used for all manner of scientific research: They've been shot into space, exposed to radiation, and treated with cocktails of steroids, hormones, cosmetics, and infectious agent... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
At some point during pregnancy women are typically encouraged to undergo a screening test in order to estimate the likelihood of fetal chromosomal aberrations. While timelines vary, the majority of pregnant women are screened within their first trimester (De Graaf et al., [@B3]). In the event of a positive test result,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) is one of the frequent hospital acquired infections with an incidence ranging from 6 to 52% \[[@B1][@B2]\]. It remains associated with increased mortality rates and high health care costs \[[@B3]\]. Despite our better understanding of the mechanisms underlying NP, su... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1 Introduction
==============
The biological phenomenon of ageing has been a long standing area of research ([@btv463-B7]). Despite identification of many gene knock-outs, drug administration and environmental regimes that can extend lifespan of model organisms under laboratory conditions, many questions remain unreso... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Efficient gene expression following either DNA transfection *in vitro* or direct injection *in vivo* in skeletal muscle implies that exogenous DNA molecules can be uptaken into the cell nucleus [@b1],[@b2]. Nuclear uptake of DNA is conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to mammalian cells. For example, several hundred mito... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s0001}
============
Currently, the main cause of dementia in the elderly is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which can impair cognitive and memory aspects. AD is responsible for about 60--80% of all dementia types in the elderly and is considered to be a progressive and irreversible neurodegenerative disease[@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .376}
{#sp2 .376-1}
{#sp3 .377}
{#sp4 .378}
{#sp5 .379}
{#f1 .376-1}
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Introduction
============
Malaria remains actively transmitted in about 55 countries in sub-Saharan Africa ( [@ref-27]). An upscale in distribution and usage of vector control interventions combined with prompt case detection and treatment has seen malaria cases drop significantly over the past decade, with vector con... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its supporting information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Cranes inhabit open habitats and are among the world's most threatened bird families \[[@pone.0166209.ref001],[@pone.0166209.ref002]\]. Southern Africa is home to three species of cranes, namely the Blue C... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease with a global prevalence of 0.51% to 11.43% in adults and 0% to 1.37% in children.^\[[@R1]\]^ Psoriasis vulgaris (PV), the most common type of psoriasis, is characterized by erythematous plaques with silvery lamellar scales.^\[[@R2],[@R3... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL), also known as M7 under the French-American-British (FAB) classification, represents \< 5% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. In adults, AMKL constitutes only 0.5% - 1% of de novo AML cases \[[@B4]\]. Ph chromosome is a rare cytogenetic abnorma... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
The nature of *Kushta* roga is described by Acharya Charaka by the term- "*Dirgharoga*"\[[@ref1]\] (chronic disease). Its importance also lies in the fact that it is considered as one among the eight *Mahagadas* by *Acharya* Sushruta\[[@ref2]\] and Vagbhatta. *Ekkakushta* can be cor... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#ece31980-sec-0001}
============
Food web models are typically studied at the species level where trait variation among individuals is often not incorporated (Miller and Rudolf [2011](#ece31980-bib-0051){ref-type="ref"}). However, it is also widely accepted in the ecological literature that substantial d... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-polymers-10-00287}
===============
Soil reinforcement has been widely used in geotechnical engineering. Chemical reinforcement for soil improvement is a popular method using additives such as traditional stabilizers and non-traditional additives. The traditional chemical stabilizers such as lime... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Endometriosis is the most common benign disease affecting approximately 10-15% of reproductive age women and frequently (30±60%) is associated with infertility. It is defined as the presence of endometrial tissue outside the normal uterine cavity ([@B1]). Symptoms include dysmenorrhea, dyspar... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
*A priori*, viruses are dependent on their hosts for replication. Therefore, it is not unexpected that recent studies using si/shRNA knockdown [@pone.0013229-Brass1], [@pone.0013229-Konig1], [@pone.0013229-Ye1], [@pone.0013229-Yeung1], [@pone.0013229-Zhou1] and yeast two-hybrid screenin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Glioblastoma (GBM) is known as the most common and malignant form of brain tumors and exhibits heterogeneity in both its morphology and genetics. At present, the standard treatment for GBM is extensive surgical resection, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, mo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
See related research by Maniatis *et al.*, <http://ccforum.com/content/14/2/R70>
Given the multiplicity of anti-inflammatory actions of activated protein C (APC), it is perhaps not surprising that APC would be effective in reducing the severity of lung injury produced by the use of large tidal volumes during mechanica... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijerph-17-05436}
===============
The aging of China's population has become an increasingly serious problem. The number of incapacitated or semi-incapacitated elderly people is steadily rising, increasing the demand for old-age care and medical services. By the end of 2016, China's elderly popul... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The minimal dataset underlying the results of this study belongs to the MINA cohort participants and is available as supplemental materials.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) are witnessing the nutrition transition with its characteristic shifts in diet, lifestyle... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
The accumulation of metabolites resulting from cancer-associated mutations in genes encoding key metabolic enzymes has been proposed to drive oncogenic transformation \[[@B1-metabolites-04-00640]\]. Mutations in genes encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1/2), succinate dehydro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Acquired brain injury (ABI) is a major medical problem in Ireland, other European countries and worldwide \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. ABI has been defined as \"*damage to the brain, which occurs after birth and is not related to a congenital or a degenerative disease. These impairments may be temporary or p... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#j_med-2018-0016_s_001}
===============
In Italy, legally, except in an emergency situation, as a general principle parental consent is required in order to perform any medical treatment on a minor (under 18); both parents have parental responsibility and they have the power to give or withhold consen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is an endocrine disorder occurring due to increased secretion of paratharmone resulting in a complex of clinical, anatomical, and biochemical alterations \[[@B1]\]. HPT is categorized into 4 types: primary HPT is caused by parathyroid adenomas (85%), hy... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
Executive Summary
=================
1. Introduction
---------------
### 1.1 Health political background
Methadone substitution treatment in Germany is introduced in 1988 in the framework of a scientific pilot study in North Rhein Westphalia. In 1992 a legal basis for substitution treatment of opioid dependent patien... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-sensors-20-03903}
===============
Over the estimated new cases of cancer in the USA for 2020, breast cancer is observed as the first leading cancer type in the female. In developing countries \[[@B1-sensors-20-03903]\], there is a lack of early detection schemes, tolerable diagnosis, and cure fa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-nanomaterials-07-00446}
===============
Graphene has been intensively investigated for various applications due to its excellent electrical, mechanical, thermal, and optical properties \[[@B1-nanomaterials-07-00446],[@B2-nanomaterials-07-00446],[@B3-nanomaterials-07-00446],[@B4-nanomaterials-07-... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec0005}
===============
Considerable attention has been paid in recent years to the quantity and quality of interactions between staff and older patients in acute hospital settings. In the UK, retrospective analyses of care failures suggest that interactions between patients and staff, particularly ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Malaria is a major parasitic disease with high mortality and morbidity, especially in the sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and Asia. About 3 billion people worldwide are exposed annually, with 1.2 billion at high risk, and some 200 million developed symptomatic malaria. Moreov... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
1. Introduction
===============
Microbial pathogens are some of the deadliest "enemies" encountered in biodefense and biosecurity. Standard culture methods for identifying pathogenic bacteria cannot provide results fast enough to be useful in an emergency situation such as a biological attack. There is a tremendous ne... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
DNA damage tolerance (DDT) is defined as a strategy by which cells complete genome replication in the presence of DNA damage to avoid mitotic catastrophe. DDT can occur by at least two mechanisms; one is called damage avoidance, in which cells use a newly replicated sister chromatid as a temp... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .462}
{#sp2 .463}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Daniel Innerarity's *Politics for the Perplexed* is a decisive contribution to the understanding of some of the dilemmas of contemporary societies, with particular relevance in the fields of politics, communication and technology, always anchored to their socio-cultural roots. Anchoring these axes of transformation to ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Owing to the fact that there is 1 new case of dementia detected every 4 seconds, it was identified as a "global public health priority\" by the World Health Organization in 2015.^\[[@R1]\]^ In 2015, the number of people affected by Alzheimer dementia (AD) and other dementias worldwide w... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Impaired Counterregulation of Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus {#s1}
======================================================================
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) unequivocally showed the benefits of good glycemic control in preventing the complications of diabet... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the eye complications caused by the diabetes mellitus, which causes other problems such as stroke, cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus produces damage to retinal capillaries and it can be visualised onl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious part... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
RNAseq sequencing data has been submitted to GEO, with accession number GSE140460 (<https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE140460>).
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Intensive swine production relies on commercial breeds highly selected for traits such as rapid growth or reproduction. However, there... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Malnutrition is a state in which the nutritional status of person is suboptimal and thereby health and growth may be impaired. It may be caused by an illness that impairs nutritional intake and metabolism, inadequate intake of macronutrients/micronutrients.[@CIT0001],[@CIT0002] Acute... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Liver metastasis is the leading cause of death for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers (e.g., colorectal cancer (CRC) pancreatic cancer) and some extra-GI cancers (e.g., breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma)^[@CR1]^. While radical surgery is considered the only curative tr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
The concept of atherosclerosis as an inflammatory disorder dates back to the seminal observations of Karl von Rokitansky and Rudolph Virchow, who in the mid-19th century noted inflammatory changes in the arterial wall. Many basic and clinical studies have since then implicated ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-genes-10-00461}
===============
Archaeal lineages represented in relatively low abundance in communities are still largely underexplored, which leaves many gaps in our knowledge regarding their distribution patterns, specific roles in the environment and interconnection with other community memb... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by cerebral extracellular amyloid plaques, is age-related and quite common among the senior population. Its pathogenesis is associated with the accumulation of amylo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
This paper was published ASAP on January 17, 2014 with a truncated Supporting Information file. The corrected version with the full Supporting Information file was reposted on January 22, 2014
Introduction {#sec1}
============
Membrane trafficking is vital for all eukaryotes. The proteins that are involved in the pro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
As in Western countries, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rapidly increasing in Asia, including Korea \[[@pone.0171922.ref001], [@pone.0171922.ref002]\]. Metabolic syndrome induces non-alcoholic fat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Patients admitted to hospital with stroke and atrial fibrillation (AF) (known before or discovered at admission) have a high risk of death, dependency and recurrent stroke.[@R1] The treatment of choice to prevent another ischaemic stroke is a long-term oral anticoagulant strategy.[@R5] ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Within insect olfaction, the detection of specific pheromones is a particularly attractive system to investigate. In fact, sensitivity to pheromones is much higher that to environmental odors, making the electrophysiological responses to these stimuli much easier to record. In Lepidoptera, the signals in response to se... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
The prevalence of colonic diverticulosis is thought to be varying across the territories and the ethnics[@b1][@b2]. Diverticulosis is rare both in Africa and in the developing countries of Asia, but, it's common in the industrialized areas and in Western[@b3]. Recent reports suggested that overweight, obesity and physi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Sir,
I thank Mahjoub *et al*. for showing interest in our article about a patient with suspected Leigh\'s disease.
We arrived at the diagnosis of mitochondrial disease and in particular Leigh\'s disease in a 37-year-old female due to the following reasons.
In her first presentation, the patient presented with unexpl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{.9}
{.10}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Prostate cancer is ranked second among cancer-related mortalities in American male citizens ([@b1-ol-06-03-0687]). Radiotherapy, with or without endocrine therapy, remains the preferred treatment for the majority of patients with localized prostate cancer. The principle of radiotherapy is to ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cardiovascular death. Several studies have investigated the indicators of carotid intima--media thickness (IMT) progression, because the common carotid IMT and its progression are considered as surrogate markers for atherosclerosis^[@bib1]--[@bib3])^. The p... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Lung cancer has the highest morbidities and mortalities worldwide.[@CIT0001] Particularly, 85% of the cases with lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which is the leading cause for lung cancer deaths.[@CIT0002] Currently, surgery is the main treatment for NSCLC, and ad... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level is the preferred screening marker for the identification of infants with congenital hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism in term newborn infants can easily be identified by an elevated TSH level together with a reduced thyroxine (T4) level after the secon... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Coumarin (2*H*-chromen-2-one) is a chemical compound in the benzopyrone chemical class that can be found in many natural species \[[@B1], [@B2]\]. Coumarins possess variety of biological activities and unique photophysical properties. Among them, the fluorescent property receive... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Currently, esthetic restorations are at the forefront of dentistry. Therefore, studies on esthetic restorative materials to compensate material loss in tooth tissues have gained more importance.\[[@ref1]\] Teeth color restorations have become popular nowadays because of the developm... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Delamination of rotator cuff tendons was first described by Sonnabend *et al.* as the horizontal splitting of the tendon along with its histology and suggested that the presence of end arteritis obliterans in rotator cuff, causing local ischemia, along with dissimilar stresses betwe... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is a member of the retrovirus family [@pone.0017291-Weiss1]. According to UNAIDS Outlook 2010 [@pone.0017291-UNAIDS1], there were 33.4 million people infected with HIV in July 2010, 2 millio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Leptin is a hormone produced by adipose tissue that has a key role in the central regulation of energy homeostasis^[@CR1]^. The main target of leptin is the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), where it activates proopiomelanocortin (POMC) anorexigenic neurons and inhibits agouti relat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Attentional control is one of the key components of human perception, which requires an individual to focus on the task-relevant information and resist the interference of task-irrelevant information (i.e., distractor) ([@B39]). It is important for people who would like to maintain concentrat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Concepts of civil society can be quite varied, but modern interpretations of the term focus on "political space where voluntary associations explicitly seeking to shape the rules that govern...social life" \[[@CR1]\]. According to Scholte, these associations can include "academic institut... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a hemorrhagic autoimmune disease characterized by low platelet counts and an increased risk of bleeding \[[@B1]--[@B3]\]. Antiplatelet autoantibodies are the most causative agents for ITP, and antiplatelet autoantibodies can enhance platelet dest... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The occurrence of corneal opacities in monoclonal gammopathies (MG) is rarely observed and is known as paraproteinemic keratopathy (PPK).[@bib1] The classic corneal involvement consists of bilateral crystal-like deposits in some or all layers of the cornea, often combined with d... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The importance of timing of biological processes to the day-night cycle is reflected in the ubiquity and independent evolution of circadian clock mechanisms in different taxa \[[@B1]\]. The endogenous circadian clock allows the organism to synchronize processes both to daily and seasonal changes.... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Only 1.5% of the human genome is protein-coding ([@B1]), and the vast genomic regions of non-coding DNA have long been thought as 'junk' DNA. However, 5% of the human genome is estimated to be under natural selection ([@B2]), suggesting that more sequences in non-coding DNA are under selectio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Motors are integral parts of cars running along highways and tractors on farms; they operate air conditioners in office buildings, refrigerators at home and conveyor belts in factories. Motors are everywhere, even inside each cell of our body and these motors are known as biomolecular m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-nutrients-12-01208}
===============
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease of the movable joints commonly experienced by the elderly. It is characterised by deterioration of the articular cartilage, alteration of subchondral bone, formation of osteophytes, joint space narrowing, and infla... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Findings {#Sec1}
========
Background {#Sec2}
----------
Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by pre- and postnatal growth failure and dysmorphic features \[[@CR1]\]. The diagnosis of SRS is based on a combination of clinical features. Several clinical scoring systems for SRS have ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
HMGB1 was originally recognized as an intranuclear protein that functions in the maintenance of nucleosome structure, chromatin remodeling, and in the regulation of gene transcription [@pone.0089634-Bustin1]--[@pone.0089634-Yamada1]. In recent years, numerous data from experimental and ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Editor: L. Leibovici
Introduction {#sec1}
============
As of 19 April 2020, there had been 2 241 359 confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide, including 152 551 deaths reported by WHO \[[@bib1]\]. The outbreak of COVID-19 has become an international public health emergency \[[@bib2],[@bib3]\].... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For related structures, see Abell *et al.* (1998[@bb1]); Knight *et al.* (2003[@bb6]); Tanui *et al.* (2008[@bb10]). For related literature, see: Vogel (1996[@bb11]); Chinchilla & Najera (2007[@bb3]); Desiraju & Steiner (1999[@bb4]).
Experimental {#sec2}
============
{#... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
A lot of data are available about the dynamics of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and its agonists, collected by several experimental techniques such as hydrogen deuterium exchange (HDX) mass spectrometry, NMR and fluorescence anisotropy \[[@B1-ijms-16-15405],[@B2-i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-22-01829}
===============
Stratum corneum tryptic enzyme kallikrein 5 (KLK5) is a serine protease that is expressed in the epidermis and is involved in the cell renewal and maintenance of skin barrier function. KLK5 plays a central role in the degradation of corneodesmosome, which is t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence, offer innovative solutions to some of the challenges of the sustainable development goals, particularly in resource-constrained settings.[@R1]^,^[@R2] Digital solutions and artificial intelligence have the potential to transform health care and improve access to se... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Wood color plays an important role in the commercialization process^[@CR1]^ and is dependent on species, tree genetic resources, drying process and thermal treatments^[@CR2]--[@CR5]^. To improve surface quality and visual characteristics, wood dying has become an important technology ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Most of the ATP in aerobic cells is produced by ATP synthase in mitochondria coupled with proton flow driven by a proton motive force across membranes, which is generated by the respiratory chain. However, when the supply of oxygen or substrates for the respiratory chain becomes short due to ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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