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INTRODUCTION {#rjx047s1}
============
Meningiomas are one of the most common neoplasms arising from cellular elements of the meninges, in particular, from arachnoid villi structures. Commonly, meningiomas are attached to the dura and grow in the cranial cavity or intraspinal region. However, ectopic locations of menin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Polyamines, such as putrescine, spermidine, and cadaverine, are aliphatic polycationic molecules found in all cells. They are necessary for normal cell growth and have been associated with a wide variety o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Commentary {#section1-1535759719885154}
==========
Focal epilepsy is now recognized as a brain network disorder, where network changes extend beyond the epileptogenic zone.^[@bibr1-1535759719885154]^ Neuroimaging and electrophysiology studies of network connectivity in focal epilepsy have rapidly increased over the pa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
When Victor Ambros (Lee et al., [@B46]) and Gary Ruvkun (Wightman et al., [@B103]) first discovered that a small non-coding RNA lin-4 was able to repress the translation of lin -14, a gene important for developmental timing of *C. elegans*, the scientific community accepted the findings as an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Antidepressants, mainly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are often required to treat psychiatric disorders in pregnancy,[@bib1] with estimates of use ranging from 1% to 4% in Europe to up to 8% in the United States.[@bib2], [@bib3] However, SSRIs cross the placenta and the blood−brain barrier and may in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Advancements in the closely related fields of biology, chemistry, and genomics have culminated in the development of chemogenomics, or chemical genomics. Author Haian Fu has effectively assembled his textbook, *Chemical Genomics*, in a manner that is easy to comprehend and builds a basic understanding of chemical genom... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Correction to: *Nature Communications* 10.1038/s41467-019-09937-w, published online 16 May 2019.
The original version of this Article contained an error in the author affiliations.
Trey Ideker was incorrectly associated with 'Department of Medicine (Oncology), Stanford University School of Medicine, 875 Blake Wilbur ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Ayurveda is most commonly practiced form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in India. About 80% of Indian patients use Ayurvedic therapy.\[[@ref1]\] It aims to integrate and balance the body, mind, and spirit to help prevent diseases and promote wellness. Recently Ayurv... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Despite recent advances in treatment strategies, glioblastomas (GBM) are the most aggressive and deadliest form of primary brain tumors. These tumors remain incurable, and patients have a mean survival of 12 months after diagnosis [@pone.0019341-Nupponen1]. Many factors support the high... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is recognized as a distinct clinical pathological entity of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and develops more frequently in East Asia and Central America than in the West \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. ENKTL was previously described as lethal midline granuloma or m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .1062}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of metazoans is a compartmentalized tissue with distinct specialized epithelial functions, which ensure homeostasis not only via absorption of nutrients but also by acting as a barrier. This complex tissue is generated by different populations of stem c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Angioid streaks (AS) are linear cracks of the abnormally calcified and fragile Bruch's membrane that spread radially outward from the peripapillary area. They may be idiopathic or a manifestation of several systemic disorders, such as pseudoxanthoma elasticum, Ehlers--Danlos syndrome, Paget's... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Memory is not a single faculty nor does it serve a single computational goal. Humans have several types of memory that are partially independent, operate within distinct brain circuits, and pursue separate computational goals ([@awu270-B48], [@awu270-B49]; [@awu270-B6]; [@awu270-B46]; [@awu27... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Poynard T, Peta V, Deckmyn O, et al. LCR1 and LCR2, two multi‐analyte blood tests to assess liver cancer risk in patients without or with cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2019;49:308--320. 10.1111/apt.15082 30569507
The Handling Editor for this article was Professor Peter Hayes, and it was accepted for publication a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All data are fully available without restriction within the manuscript and supporting information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Irisin is a recently identified proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGCγ-1α)-dependent myokine, and is secreted by skeletal muscle and myocardium into circulat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
According to the Global Initiative for Asthma, bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder that is related with hyperresponsiveness of the airways and leads to repeated episodes of wheezing, dyspnea, chest tightness, and cough, particularly at night or early in the morning. These epis... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Medical imaging has seen tremendous growth in the past three and half decades with the introduction of various imaging modalities. The continuing growth of technological advances is leading to the introduction of newer clinical applications at a rapid pace. These advances are resulting in precise diagnosis and definiti... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Meningiomas are typically benign tumours, arising from the meninges of the brain (in at least 90% of the cases) and the spinal cord ([Berger and Prados, 2004](#bib1){ref-type="other"}). They are benign in more than 90% of the cases, borderline/atypical in approximately 5% of the cases and malignant in less than 5% of t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
1. Introduction
===============
Over the past decades, there has been growing interest in plants as new therapeutic agents. Among the substances studied that have biological effects are phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds comprise the main group of antioxidant substances of vegetable origin and, among these, flavon... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Low back pain is a widespread ailment and the leading cause of activity limitation and work absence globally, causing more global disability than any other condition.[@b1-jpr-9-1221],[@b2-jpr-9-1221]
Data from the European Health surveys show a wide variation in the prevalence of self-report... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Sepsis is associated with ventricular dysfunction (e.g. [@bib1]) and increased incidence of atrial and ventricular arrhythmia (e.g. [@bib2]) which contribute to poor prognosis for patients [@bib3]. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Melatonin (*N*-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, [Figure 1](#f1-ijms-14-08093){ref-type="fig"}) is a tryptophan-derived neurohormone secreted by the pineal gland following a circadian rhythm and with peak concentrations at night. After its isolation and chemical characterization in 1959 \[[@b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The identification of chromosomal segments of distinct continental ancestry in admixed populations is an important problem, with a wide range of applications from disease mapping to understanding human history. Early efforts to solve this problem used coarse sets of unlinked markers [@p... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite considerable advances in surgical techniques, clinical diagnostics and new chemotherapy regimens, the clinical outcome of GC remains unsatisfactory \[[@b1]\], mainly be... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Cell-fate specification in the *Drosophila* embryo is controlled by genomic regulatory DNAs, primarily enhancers, which coordinate the expression of genes encoding sequence-specific transcription factors (TFs) or cell-signaling components that impinge on the activities of these TFs ([@B1; @B2... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Post-cataract surgery endophthalmitis is a rare complication with an incidence of 0.03--0.2%.\[[@ref1]\] The prognosis is usually guarded and results in a loss of visual acuity as well as the anatomical integrity of the eye in severe cases.
Various factors contribute to the development of postoperative endophthalmitis... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Reconstruction of the upper eyelid, especially the large full thickness defects, is one of the greatest challenges the head and neck surgeon faces. We recently operated on a patient with sebaceous carcinoma of the upper eyelid and reconstructed the resulting defect using a 'Switch f... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-nutrients-12-01978}
===============
The progression of liver cirrhosis is a multifactorial process that involves repetitive hepatocyte damage and subsequent irreversible scarring. In addition, increased oxidative stresses and decreased antioxidant capacities have been observed in cirrhotic patie... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Breast Cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of death by cancer in women, with over 2 million new cases in 2018. In Brazil, BC incidence accounts for about 30% of all... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative retinal disease that causes progressive loss of central vision. AMD is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss and legal blindness in individuals over the age of 50; according to the National Eye Institute (NEI), it is most common... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
High variability in spiking activities of *in vivo* cortical neurons is considered as one of the fundamentals of information processing by networks of neurons (Softky and Koch [@CR79]; Shadlen and Newsome [@CR76]). Since it is difficult to experimentally control mechanisms that underl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Triple-negative breast cancers are characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor \[[@R01]-[@R03]\]. An estimation of 1 million cases of breast cancer is diagnosed annually worldwide. Of these, approximately 170,000 ar... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In recent decades, breast cancer is increasing in both developed and developing countries.^[@bib1],\ [@bib2],\ [@bib3]^ Breast cancer has become the most common cancer and the leading cause of death in women all over the world.^[@bib4]^ Although current strategies targeting breast cancer have improved markedly, breast ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-polymers-12-01174}
===============
Tissue engineering interconnects many disciplines, such as materials science, bioengineering, molecular and cell biology, and clinical medicine, to develop functional alternatives for impaired tissues \[[@B1-polymers-12-01174]\]. Cells, bioactive molecules and ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Subclavian vein catheterisation is a commonly performed procedure \[[@B1]\], with inadvertent puncture of the subclavian artery representing an uncommon but potentially fatal complication \[[@B1], [@B2]\].
We report two cases in which the subclavian artery was accidentally cath... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Aging-related neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), have become some of the most important unsolved medical problems. In spite of significant study into the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration, there is still no satisfactory efficient treatment, preven... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Characterized as one of the "great obstetrical syndromes," [@b0005] preeclampsia is a heterogeneous, multi-system hypertensive disorder that affects 3--5% of pregnancies [@b0010], [@b0015], [@b0020] and significantly contributes to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality worldwide [@b0025]. Preeclampsia is diagnose... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The world\'s first phase I clinical trial of a vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has started in China. The inactivated-virus vaccine was developed by the company Sinovac and researchers from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, both in Beijing. On May 22, four volunteers were injected with va... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#s1}
================
Dengue fever/dengue hemorrhagic fever (DF/DHF) is an infectious disease, transmitted by *Aedes* mosquito and has become a major public health concern in various countries worldwide. Dengue epidemics were reported throughout the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and the di... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Sources and Composition of Skin Surface Lipids {#sec1}
=================================================
A continuous hydrolipidic film, representing the actual interface between the epidermal viable layers and outer environment, covers human skin. Skin surface lipids (SSLs) are a mixture of sebaceous and epidermal... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Advanced erosive gout is a manifestation of gout that can have a similar presentation to rheumatoid arthritis,[@B1],[@B2] and can cause fever of unknown origin. This diagnosis can be made by identifying urate crystals through arthrocentesis from a joint with degenerative changes.[@B3] An impo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have an important role in the prevention of chronic diseases. The two classes of PUFAs, *n*-3 and *n*-6 fatty acids, are not interconvertible in mammalian cells and are both indispensable for humans. Considerable evidence supports benefits of absolute intak... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-23-01348}
===============
The past decade has witnessed a sustainable and ever increasing interest in the reactivity of *N*-heterocycles due to their importance in Nature, medicinal chemistry, living matter, drug design, advanced materials, and natural product synthesis \[[@B1-molecule... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) previously required reading glasses for near vision after cataract surgery. Multifocal IOLs were developed to reduce spectacle dependence. They provided better uncorrected near visual acuity \[[@B1][@B2][@B3]\]. In addition, to provide better intermediate vision, trifocal IOLs were deve... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-1}
===============
Optical microscopy has been one of the most important tools in biology for almost a century. Images with ever higher resolution or contrast have been achieved over the years either by improving the optical techniques or using markers, such as green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Numerous studies have demonstrated that many problem drinkers (i.e., people who fulfill the diagnoses of harmful drinking, alcohol abuse, or alcohol dependence) can benefit from brief physician interventions at the time of a clinic visit or from referral for alcoholism treatment ([@b3-arhw-21-4-348]). To identify probl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1 INTRODUCTION {#SEC1}
==============
In recent years, tiling arrays and high-throughput sequencing have strikingly driven the discovery of novel transcripts, of which an outstanding amount is not translated into proteins ([@B12]). These non-protein coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have moved to a key research in molecular biolog... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
*Mycobacterium tuberculosis* (Mtb) remains the top bacterial killer worldwide, often helped in its consumptive effect by AIDS^[@CR1]^. New antitubercular agents are needed that, in combination with other drugs, decrease the duration of treatment and also address multi- and extensively... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .209}
{#sp2 .210}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Often the first step in characterizing a group of related non-homologous proteins (that is, for which there is no meaningful multiple sequence alignment) is to identify statistically significant patterns of amino acid enrichment or depletion. Here we introduce Composition Profiler, a web-based so... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Cranial cruciate ligament rupture is a common cause of pelvic limb lameness in dogs and results in joint instability and progressive osteoarthritis \[[@r10]\]. Tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) is a common surgical treatment for cranial cruciate ligament rupture in both small and large dog breeds \[[@r5], [@r8],... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to adjacent cells is essential for a multicellular existence. A major family of cell adhesion receptors are the integrins, which are noncovalently associated αβ heterodimers. The selective pairing of 18 α and 8 β subunits results in 24 heterodimer combinations \[[@b1]\]. M... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Raw measurement data can be found within the Supporting Information.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Only a few studies have been devoted to collect evidence that local exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) may have an effect on edema. Morris and Skalak examined how local, chronic (7 day continuous) exposure to... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Accumulating clinical- and scientific research-based evidence is driving our increased awareness of the significance of the human microbiome (HM) to the healthy and homeostatic operation of the human central nervous system (CNS). HM communities occupy several different but distinct microbial ecosystems on and within th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .231}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-viruses-11-00706}
===============
Pigs of all ages are susceptible to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The clinical presentation of PRRS varies greatly between herds and can range from asymptomatic to devastating disease \[[@B1-viruses-11-00706]\]. In gilts and sows, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The choroid is a highly vascular tissue that provides approximately 85% of the intraocular blood flow.^[@i2164-2591-7-6-39-b01]^ Choroidal blood flow serves a vital role in choroidal and retinal thermoregulation and is controlled by a sophisticated, light-stimulated, increased temperatu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The minimal data set needed to replicate the study\'s finding is available in Curtin espace: <https://espace.curtin.edu.au/handle/20.500.11937/70687>.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Type-2 Diabetes (T2D) arises from interactions between the genetic background and environmental triggers. The genetic background ha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-plants-08-00108}
===============
Across the globe, thousands of plant species, called "aliens", have deliberately or accidentally been introduced to biogeographic regions where they are non-native. In fact, at least 3.9% of species in the global flora, that is more than 13,000 species, have now ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an extraordinary versatile analytical technique^[@CR1],[@CR2]^ that relies on ionization, electromagnetic fields to manipulate ions, and ensemble averaging of ions' mass-to-charge ratios to characterize species based on their specific molecular mass. Although... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
We thank Dr. Dhatariya ([@B1]) for his interest in our recent article ([@B2]) and are pleased to have the opportunity to clarify the issues raised.
Our primary aim was to evaluate the stability of gastric emptying over time in individuals with diabetes, and we found a remarkably strong relationship between the measure... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1}
============
POEMS syndrome is a rare plasma cell disorder, characterized by peripheral polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein and skin changes. Associations with Castleman disease and osteopetrosis are also reported \[[@cit0001]\]. Although the etiology and pathogenesis of POEMS ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
In March 2019 the European Commission (EC) released a Communication (COM (2019) 128 final) titled "European Union strategic approach to pharmaceuticals in the environment" \[[@CR1]\]. Therein, an emerging problem regarding the pollution of soil and water bodies due to increased usage ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Driven by their outstanding electrical properties, semiconducting single walled carbon nanotubes (s-SWNTs) are being widely investigated for the realization of ultra-compact field effect transistors (FET), reaching the nanoscale^[@CR1],[@CR2]^, with very high on-off current ratios^[@C... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Malignant glioma is a highly invasive, heterogeneous, complex, and fatal tumor type, the extent of which is not precisely identifiable by modern imaging techniques. Despite all of the current treatment modalities for malignant gliomas, such as microsurgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherap... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-polymers-10-00412}
===============
One of the major drawbacks to the widespread use of packaging produced from petrol is its environmental impact. An alternative to plastic, therefore, should be sought, and the development of biodegradable films and coatings made from natural bio-sourced polymer... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-materials-12-01829}
===============
Correct waste management is one of the main lines of work established by the European Commission within commitments of Horizon 2020 \[[@B1-materials-12-01829]\]. In particular, the amount of wood waste varies significantly, depending on the typical structural/... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-sensors-16-00175}
===============
With the advancements of micromachined accelerometers and gyroscopes, miniaturized inertial measurement unit (MIMU) has attracted more and more attentions in recent years due to its small size, batch fabrication, low cost, and low power consumption. Nowadays, MI... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
In 2010, the worldwide adult population with diabetes mellitus was estimated to be about 285 million and by 2030 an increase by 54% to about 439 million is predicted, reflecting a remarkable increase in diabetes nephropathy \[[@B1]\]. Diabetic nephropathy develops along with gen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The **S**rc-**a**ssociated in **m**itosis 68 kDa protein (Sam68) is a member of the **s**ignal **t**ransduction and **a**ctivation of **R**NA (STAR) family of proteins.[@R1] The recent identification of Sam68-interacting proteins has shown that Sam68 is involved in several signal transduction... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Objectives
==========
Infections of the newborns remain one of the most significant problems of the medicine. This project aims to determine relationship between illness, resistance, virulence factors (VFs), phylogenetic groups and genotypes among E.coli isolates coming from 6 Polish Neonatal Intensive Care Units, NIC... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-jcm-09-02632}
===============
In recent years, increasing evidence supports the contribution of type 2 diabetes to the development of sleep breathing disorders \[[@B1-jcm-09-02632],[@B2-jcm-09-02632]\]. Thus, patients with type 2 diabetes experience higher rates of microarousals and an increased... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Dengue is the most important mosquito-borne viral disease. With four different serotypes, it is a burden throughout tropical and subtropical regions and a potential threat to almost half of the world's population. Recent studies estimate that 50--100 million people are infected each year, of whom about 500,000 develop ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Posterior capsule tear is not rare but it can be a significant complication of cataract surgery. It occurs in 2.6%--9.9% of resident-performed\[[@ref1][@ref2]\] and 0.45%--2.5% of expert-performed phacoemulsification surgeries.\[[@ref3][@ref4]\] Even though half of posterior capsule tears occur during phacoemulsificati... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Man-made chemicals, such as bisphenol A (BPA), dichlorodiphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT), diethylstilbestrol (DES), and nonylphenol (NP), are produced with the intention of benefiting humans. However, these chemicals can also have negative impacts on the environment, wildlife, and public hea... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Base on the data published by the United Nations Office of Drugs and Crime (UNODC), it was estimated that there were 29.2 million opioid users in the world in 2017, and the production of global opium will increase rapidly in the coming years \[[@CR1]\]. Iran is located near Afghanistan, t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Prion diseases (formerly known as spongiform encephalopathies) were first described in the beginning of last century. In 1966, a \"transmissible in a virus-like manner\" hypothesis conferred this group of diseases with the unique characteristic of being both infectious and inherited, with lon... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
In 2015, over 2 million neonates died worldwide \[[@CR1]\]. Of these, an estimated 303,000 newborns died within 4 weeks of birth due to congenital anomalies \[[@CR2]\]. Congenital anomalies, also known as congenital disorders, congenital malformations or birth defects, include abnorma... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{.96}
{.97}
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
A wide range of mineral nutrients is required by plants to carry out vital processes for normal growth and development. Phosphorous (P) is the second most limiting macronutrient in crop production after N and is an important component of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, sugars, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common kidney disease with a complex genetic determination. This disorder is diagnosed based on detection of mesangial proliferation and glomerular deposits of IgA1. Most frequently, IgAN has a progressing course and 20--50% of cases develop end-stage renal d... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Urine contains many noxious chemical moieties, such as organic acids and salts, which can irritate or inflame the lumen of the urinary tract. In patients who are particularly sensitive to these, including those who have defects in the protective glycosaminoglycan (GAG) layer, they ca... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Shakir A, Wadley AF, Purcarin G, Wierenga KJ. The first case of deafness‐dystonia syndrome due to compound heterozygous variants in *FITM2*. Clin Case Rep. 2018;6:1815--1817. 10.1002/ccr3.1719
1. INTRODUCTION {#ccr31719-sec-0001}
===============
We report a boy with severe developmental delay, dystonia, upper and low... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The DNA sequences of the distinct alleles at the 7 loci of ORT strains used in this study have been deposited in GenBank under accession nos. KP775847-KP775856 (adk), KP775857-KP775868 (aroE), KP775869-KP775877 (fumC), KP775878-KP775888 (gdhA), KP775889-KP775897 (mdh), KP775898-KP775908 (pgi) and KP775909-KP775919 (pmi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) serogroup of the *Flavivirus* genus (family *Flaviviridae*) is grouped into two major genetic lineages. Lineage one WNV is widely distributed, occurring in Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, and North and Central Ame... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Due to the advances in cancer screening and prolonged lifespan, diagnosis of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in high-risk patients is increasing. Sterotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) is a newer treatment option for these patients \[[@b1-crt-2019-007]\]. SABR is a promising ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
*Clostridium perfringens* is an important Gram-positive pathogen, but also a member of the normal gastrointestinal flora of humans and animals \[[@CR1]\]. The pathogenicity of this bacterium to humans and livestock largely depends upon toxin production, with 16 different *C. perfringens* ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Globally, visual impairment affects 285 million people, 39 million of whom are blind \[[@CR1]\]. Middle and low income countries account for 90 % of the global burden \[[@CR2]\] and 15 % of the burden is in Africa \[[@CR3]\]. With the right interventions up to 80 % of visual impairment is... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction is common in the general population, and is associated with incident heart failure and increased mortality \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. The pathophysiology of diastolic dysfunction is complex, but can be simply described as impaired LV myocardial relaxat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
The outcome is good in majority of the patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in terms of motor recovery and functional independence.\[[@ref1]\] However, about 20% are left with severe motor disability at 1 year.\[[@ref2][@ref3]\] Studies have shown that despite relatively good... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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![](envhper00440-0165.tif ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
<https://figshare.com/articles/_/6276203>. DOI: [10.6084/m9.figshare.6276203](https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.6276203).
1 Introduction {#sec001}
==============
Proteins carry out most of the work in living cells and their functions (structure, enzyme, messenger, ...) are largely determined by their three dimensio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
People with disabilities may be less likely to participate in cancer screening than people without disabilities ([@bib2]), but evidence is lacking for England where all people in the relevant age ranges are routinely invited for free cancer screening, regardless of health status or ability to pay. Given that the UK 201... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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![](hosplond70... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Botulism is a severe neuroparalytic disease caused by botulinum toxin, and characterized by acute descending flaccid paralysis. The disease is caused by consumption of food contaminated with pre-formed toxin (foodborne botulism), or by absorption of toxin produced *in situ* in wounds (w... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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