text stringlengths 282 15k | source stringclasses 885
values | word_start int64 0 7.81M | word_end int64 210 7.81M |
|---|---|---|---|
fuel and rubber in the case of a major action in the East, on the basis of the demands made by the Chief of General Staff of the Armed Forces and the Gen. Qu. of the Airforce, which will be discussed later on. Included in the processing of the Russian problem were matters of war economic nature connected with the Balka... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2353-PS : Excerpts fromBasic Facts for a History of German War and Armaments Economy | 5,400 | 5,900 |
work but also for the manufacture of material of all kinds. The concerns processing raw material could be built up in the course of time to form a valuable support for the German war economy, the deliveries of copper, bauxite, tin, chromium, asbestos and mica were of considerable importance. As the territory of Greece,... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2353-PS : Excerpts fromBasic Facts for a History of German War and Armaments Economy | 5,850 | 6,350 |
powerworks undestroyed or on their fast restoration. 2. on securing the delivery of raw materials not existing in the European part of the USSR to the industry. III. The supplying of Germany with India-rubber tungsten, copper, platinum, tin, asbestos and manila hemp remains unsolved until communication with the Far Eas... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2353-PS : Excerpts fromBasic Facts for a History of German War and Armaments Economy | 6,300 | 6,800 |
was thought that by this time the campaign in the East would have come to an end. Technical help for the saving of raw material with the issuing of licenses was offered them immediately. The shifting of German orders to Hungary was put into effect. The negotiations with Roumania and Finland covered more ground, because... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2353-PS : Excerpts fromBasic Facts for a History of German War and Armaments Economy | 6,750 | 7,250 |
Army High Command. [Page 59] If it is said for example, that "not the economy, but politics represents fate", this principle should be recognized only with the reservation that politics may receive its decisive impulse from the economic necessities of a nation. The fundamental urge to expand a nation which does not fin... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2353-PS : Excerpts fromBasic Facts for a History of German War and Armaments Economy | 7,200 | 7,700 |
by the time of the outbreak of war. [pages 181-182] The course of German mobilization in 1939 was greatly influenced by the development of the military-political situation and was guided by the idea of a surprise of the enemy. The experiences made during the operations against Austria, Sudetenland, and Czechoslovakia, ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2353-PS : Excerpts fromBasic Facts for a History of German War and Armaments Economy | 7,650 | 7,863 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2354-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2354-PS : The Organization Book of the NSDAP, 1938 edition, regarding the SA | 0 | 500 |
as they comply racially and ideologically with the National Socialist requirements. Enforcement regulations are decreed by the Chief of Staff. Berlin, 15 February 1935. Chief of Storm Troops [Der Oberste SA-Fuehrer] Signed: Adolf Hitler The performance test includes three groups of exercises: Body exercises, Military s... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2354-PS : The Organization Book of the NSDAP, 1938 edition, regarding the SA | 450 | 950 |
Hesse-Nassau) 2. Special Units [Identical with corresponding passage-in 5th and 7th editions] In order to comply with the manifold demands on the services of the S.A. during demonstrations, assemblies, catastrophes, and accidents, as well as to preserve the efficiency of S.A. men, S.A. members have been organized into ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2354-PS : The Organization Book of the NSDAP, 1938 edition, regarding the SA | 900 | 1,400 |
S.A. man as well as units under their jurisdiction. Schools of the S.A. for special units a. Marine S.A. Schools: The following schools are available for training the marine S.A.: Marine S.A. school "DUSTERNBROCK" and the training sailing ship "DUHNEN." The school "DUSTERNBROCK" has to accomplish above all practical an... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2354-PS : The Organization Book of the NSDAP, 1938 edition, regarding the SA | 1,350 | 1,850 |
Hannover and Westphalia, Free State of Oldenburg, Free City of Bremen) S.A. Group-Upper Rhine (Parts of the Free State of Baden and Alsace) S.A. Group-Order (Province of Grenzmark) S.A. Group-Pomerania (Province of Pomerania and parts of Granzmark) S.A. Group-Saxony (Free State of Saxony) S.A. Group-Silesia (Province o... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2354-PS : The Organization Book of the NSDAP, 1938 edition, regarding the SA | 1,800 | 2,202 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2355-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2355-PS : Second Law on the Right to Vote for the Reichstag, 18 March 1938 | 0 | 354 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2357-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2357-PS : Speech by Hitler before Reichstag, 20 February 1938 | 0 | 445 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2358-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2358-PS : Speech delivered by Hitler in the Sportspalast in Berlin on 26 September 1938 | 0 | 500 |
be no more territorial problems for Germany in Europe. And I further assured him that from the moment when Czechoslovakia solves its other problems, that is to say, when the Czechs have come to an arrangement with their other minorities, peacefully and without oppression, I will no longer be interested in the Czech Sta... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2358-PS : Speech delivered by Hitler in the Sportspalast in Berlin on 26 September 1938 | 450 | 717 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2360-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2360-PS : Speech by Hitler before the Reichstag, 30 January 1939 | 0 | 289 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2367-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2367-PS : Hitler's Speech of 1 May 1936 | 0 | 275 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2368-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2368-PS : Extracts from Speech by Hitler before Reichstag, 30 January 1937 | 0 | 351 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2371-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2371-PS : Execution of ordinance for security of people and state, 28 February 1933 | 0 | 500 |
under 1. have been removed. The jurisdiction has been changed by my decree of 3 Feb. 1933, (G.S. page 33) based on section 3 par. 5 of the Prussian police Code. Consequently all regulations dealing with the suspension of a periodical or the restriction of property have to be issued from the state police offices. Regula... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2371-PS : Execution of ordinance for security of people and state, 28 February 1933 | 450 | 950 |
of 26 April 1933-II 1000/53 In order to guarantee effective countermeasures against all activities endangering the existence and security of the state, the state government has decided to reform the organization of the political police more severely than before and to create the necessary conditions for speedy and succ... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2371-PS : Execution of ordinance for security of people and state, 28 February 1933 | 900 | 1,252 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2372-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2372-PS : Unified designation of the Offices of the Secret State Police in the Reich (Decree of RF-SS and Chief of German Police in the Reich Ministry of Interior 28 August 36) | 0 | 500 |
of Axis Criminality Washington, DC : United States Government Printing Office, 1946 Previous Document Volume IV Menu Next Document Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Cent... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2372-PS : Unified designation of the Offices of the Secret State Police in the Reich (Decree of RF-SS and Chief of German Police in the Reich Ministry of Interior 28 August 36) | 450 | 556 |
Avalon Home Document Collections Ancient 4000bce - 399 Medieval 400 - 1399 15 th Century 1400 - 1499 16 th Century 1500 - 1599 17 th Century 1600 - 1699 18 th Century 1700 - 1799 19 th Century 1800 - 1899 20 th Century 1900 - 1999 21 st Century 2000 - Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression Volume IV Document No. 2373-PS Previo... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2373-PS : Excerpts from German Publications | 0 | 500 |
it to the others. Although they called for him loudly from their pulpits and partyseats, their work was not his work, their faith was not his faith and their will not his will. "It is not mere chance that millions in Germany are of the holy conviction that National Socialism is more than politics, that in it the word a... | Yale Avalon (nca_vol4): 2373-PS : Excerpts from German Publications | 450 | 865 |
Hermann Göring German Nazi politician and military leader (1893–1946) "Göring" and "Goering" redirect here. For other uses, see Göring (disambiguation) . Hermann Wilhelm Göring (or Goering ; German: [ ˈhɛʁman ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈɡøːʁɪŋ ] ; 12 January 1893 – 15 October 1946) was a German Nazi politician, aviator, military leader,... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 0 | 500 |
Göring from all his positions, expelled him from the party and ordered his arrest. After the war, Göring was convicted of conspiracy , crimes against peace , war crimes , and crimes against humanity at the Nuremberg trials in 1946. He requested at trial an execution by firing squad, but was denied; instead he was sente... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 450 | 950 |
) of the Prussian Army in 1912. The next year his mother had a falling-out with Epenstein. The family was forced to leave Veldenstein and moved to Munich ; Göring's father died shortly afterwards. It was in Bavaria where Göring developed his "romantic sense of Germanness" that further evolved under Nazism. When World W... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 900 | 1,400 |
stick Geschwader Stock that had been owned by Manfred von Richthofen . On 7 July 1918, following the death of Wilhelm Reinhard , successor to Manfred von Richthofen , Göring was made commander of the "Flying Circus", Jagdgeschwader 1 . His arrogance made him unpopular with the men of his squadron. In the last days of t... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 1,350 | 1,850 |
. He was given command of the Sturmabteilung (SA) as the Oberster SA-Führer on 1 March 1923, succeeding Hans Ulrich Klintzsch , and headed the organisation until it was banned in November 1923. Through the early years, Carin—who liked Hitler—often played hostess to meetings of leading Nazis, including her husband as we... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 1,800 | 2,300 |
in a straitjacket , but his psychiatrist felt he was sane; the condition was caused solely by the morphine. Weaned off the drug, he left the facility briefly, but had to return for further treatment. He returned to Germany when an amnesty was declared in 1927 and resumed working in the aircraft industry. Carin Göring, ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 2,250 | 2,750 |
arrested and claimed sole responsibility for the fire. Göring immediately called for a crackdown on Communists. The Nazis took advantage of the fire to advance their own political aims. The Reichstag Fire Decree , passed the next day on Hitler's urging, suspended basic rights and allowed detention without trial. Activi... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 2,700 | 3,200 |
Reichforstmeister , with the rank of a Reichsminister , as the head of the newly created Reich Forestry Office . Wilhelm Frick , the Reich interior minister, and the head of the SS, Heinrich Himmler , hoped to create a unified police force for all of Germany, but Göring on 26 April 1933 established a special Prussian p... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 3,150 | 3,650 |
the chagrin of Hjalmar Schacht , the minister in charge. Huge expenditures were made on rearmament, in spite of growing deficits. Schacht resigned on 26 November 1937, and Göring took over the Economics Ministry on an interim basis until January 1938. He then managed to install Walther Funk in the position, who also to... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 3,600 | 4,100 |
base, and a referendum on reunification was scheduled for March. When Hitler did not approve of the wording of the plebiscite, Göring telephoned Schuschnigg and Austrian head of state Wilhelm Miklas to demand Schuschnigg's resignation, threatening invasion by German troops and civil unrest by the Austrian Nazi Party me... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 4,050 | 4,550 |
invasion of Poland, the opening action of World War II, began at dawn on 1 September 1939. Later in the day, speaking to the Reichstag , Hitler designated Göring as his successor as Führer of all Germany, "If anything should befall me", with Hess as the second alternate. Major German victories followed one after the ot... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 4,500 | 5,000 |
, though the bombings continued through May 1941. Defeat on all fronts Göring with General der Flieger and Luftwaffe Chief of Staff Hans Jeschonnek , General der Flieger Otto Hoffmann von Waldau and General der Flieger Gustav Kastner-Kirdorf issuing an order for German troops on the Eastern Front , 1941 In spite of the... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 4,950 | 5,450 |
would be concentrated in the south; efforts would be made to capture the oilfields in the Caucasus . The Battle of Stalingrad , a major turning point of the war, began on 23 August 1942 with a bombing campaign by the Luftwaffe. The German Sixth Army entered the city, but because of its location on the front line, it wa... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 5,400 | 5,900 |
, Hitler's efforts to organise the defence of the city became ever more meaningless and futile. His last birthday, celebrated at the Führerbunker in Berlin on 20 April 1945, was the occasion for leave-taking by many top Nazis, Göring included. By this time, Göring's hunting lodge Carinhall had been evacuated, the build... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 5,850 | 6,350 |
another telegram in which Göring directed Ribbentrop to report to him if there was no further communication from Hitler or Göring before midnight. Hitler sent a reply to Göring — prepared with Bormann's help — rescinding the 1941 decree and threatening him with execution for high treason unless he immediately resigned ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 6,300 | 6,800 |
was the second highest-ranking official tried at Nuremberg, behind Reich President (former Admiral) Karl Dönitz. The prosecution levelled an indictment of four charges, including a charge of conspiracy; waging a war of aggression; war crimes, including the plundering and removal to Germany of works of art and other pro... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 6,750 | 7,250 |
a venue to expound at great length on his own role in the Reich, attempting to present himself as a peacemaker and diplomat before the outbreak of the war. During cross-examination, chief prosecutor Robert H. Jackson read the minutes of a meeting that had been held shortly after Kristallnacht , a major pogrom in Novemb... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 7,200 | 7,700 |
his decision to speak out 60 years later, Stivers said that he was convinced to come forward by his daughter. He wanted to set the record straight: He thought that he was just offering medicine; he said that he did not know what was in the pill until after Göring's suicide. Göring's body, as with those of the men who w... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 7,650 | 8,150 |
France alone. Göring repeatedly visited the Paris headquarters to review the incoming stolen goods and to select items to be sent on a special train to Carinhall and his other homes. The estimated value of his collection, which numbered some 1,500 pieces, was $200 million. Standard, on display at the Musée de la Guerre... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 8,100 | 8,600 |
His obesity was also a target, it being joked that "he sits down on his stomach". Another joke claimed that he had sent a wire to Hitler after his visit to the Vatican: "Mission accomplished. Pope unfrocked. Tiara and pontifical vestments are a perfect fit." Role in the Holocaust See also: Luftwaffe § War crimes Göring... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 8,550 | 9,050 |
happen. "I only thought we would eliminate Jews from positions in big business and government", he claimed. Decorations and awards Göring wearing his Pour le Mérite medal (1932) German Kingdom of Prussia : Iron Cross 2nd Class (15 September 1914) Iron Cross 1st Class (22 March 1915) Royal House Order of Hohenzollern , ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 9,000 | 9,500 |
293,000 members. ↑ Confident that the Luftwaffe was without peer and practically invincible in the wake of these victories, Göring commented to the German press that should the enemy ever penetrate German airspace, they could call him "Meyer". ↑ Upon being captured by American soldiers, Göring immediately asked to be t... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 9,450 | 9,950 |
, p. 74. ↑ Evans 2003 , p. 297. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 2011 , pp. 315–318. ↑ Evans 2003 , pp. 329–330. ↑ Shirer 1960 , p. 194. ↑ Evans 2003 , p. 331. ↑ Hett 2014 , pp. 255–259. ↑ Shirer 1960 , p. 192. ↑ Bullock 1999 , p. 262. ↑ Shirer 1960 , p. 193. ↑ Nuremberg Trial Proceedings, 18 March 1946 . ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 2011... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 9,900 | 10,400 |
Fleming 1987 . ↑ Evans 2008 , pp. 404–405. ↑ Evans 2008 , p. 421. ↑ Evans 2008 , p. 409. ↑ Evans 2008 , pp. 412–413. ↑ Speer 1971 , p. 329. ↑ Shirer 1960 , p. 932. ↑ Evans 2008 , pp. 438, 441. ↑ Speer 1971 , p. 378. ↑ Evans 2008 , p. 461. ↑ Evans 2008 , p. 447. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 2011 , pp. 296, 297, 299. ↑ Evans 200... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 10,350 | 10,850 |
, pp. 416–417. ↑ Speer 1971 , pp. 417–418. ↑ Mosley 1974 , p. 280. ↑ Block & Trow 1971 , p. 330. ↑ Gunther 1940 , p. 65. ↑ Evans 2005 , p. 409. 1 2 Manvell & Fraenkel 2011 , pp. 136–137. 1 2 Manvell & Fraenkel 2011 , pp. 189–191. ↑ Hilberg 1985 , p. 160. ↑ Cesarani 2005 , p. 62. ↑ Cesarani 2005 , p. 77. ↑ Manvell & Fra... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 10,800 | 11,300 |
and Crimes . London: Vintage. ISBN 978-0-09-944844-0 . Childers, Thomas (2017). The Third Reich: A History of Nazi Germany . New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-45165-113-3 . Darnstädt, Thomas (4 April 2005). "Ein Glücksfall der Geschichte" . Der Spiegel . Retrieved 13 September 2016 . "Datenbank der deutschen Parla... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 11,250 | 11,750 |
. BBC News . 8 February 2005 . Retrieved 8 May 2012 . Gunther, John (1940). Inside Europe . New York: Harper & Brothers. OCLC 836676034 . Hett, Benjamin Carter (2014). Burning the Reichstag: An Investigation into the Third Reich's Enduring Mystery . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199322329 . Hilberg, Raul (1... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 11,700 | 12,200 |
of the Storm Troops, Vol. 1 . Solihull, West Midlands: Helion & Company. ISBN 978-1-909982-87-1 . Moorhouse, Roger (2012). Berlin at War . New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-46502-855-9 . Mosley, Leonard (1974). The Reich Marshal: A Biography of Hermann Goering . Garden City, NJ: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-04961-7 . "Nazi Co... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 12,150 | 12,650 |
we burn its people?" . The Telegraph . Archived from the original on 13 February 2015 . Retrieved 14 February 2015 . Shirer, William L. (1960). The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich . New York: Simon & Schuster. LCCN 60-6729 . Speer, Albert (1971) . Inside the Third Reich . New York: Avon. ISBN 978-0-380-00071-5 . Stolf... | Wikipedia (defendant): Hermann Göring | 12,600 | 13,028 |
Rudolf Hess German Nazi politician (1894–1987) This article is about the Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler. For the commandant of the Auschwitz concentration camp, see Rudolf Höss . For the Californian artist, see Rudolf Hess (artist) . Rudolf Walter Richard Hess ( Heß in German; 26 April 1894 – 17 August 1987) was a Germa... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 0 | 500 |
. By the start of the war, Hess was sidelined from most important decisions, and many in Hitler's inner circle thought him to be mad. On 10 May 1941, Hess made a solo flight to Scotland , where he hoped to arrange peace talks with the Duke of Hamilton , whom he believed to be a prominent opponent of the British governm... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 450 | 950 |
growing up under the " Veiled Protectorate " of Sir Evelyn Baring made him unique among the Nazi leaders in that he grew up under British rule, which he saw in very positive terms. Hess attended a German-language Protestant school in Alexandria from 1900 to 1908, when he was sent back to Germany to study at a boarding ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 900 | 1,400 |
Hess was transferred to a hospital closer to home, arriving at Alexandersbad on 25 October. While still convalescing, Hess had requested that he be allowed to enrol to train as a pilot, so after Christmas leave with his family, he reported to Munich . He received basic flight training at Oberschleissheim and Lechfeld A... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 1,350 | 1,850 |
After hearing the Nazi Party leader Hitler speak for the first time in 1920 at a Munich rally, Hess became completely devoted to him. They held a shared belief in the stab-in-the-back myth , the notion that Germany's loss in World War I was caused by a conspiracy of Jews and Bolsheviks rather than a military defeat. He... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 1,800 | 2,300 |
Nazi Party and SA were both outlawed. Hitler speaking at a party rally in Munich in 1925 Both men were incarcerated in Landsberg Prison , where Hitler soon began work on his memoir, Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"), which he dictated to fellow prisoners Hess and Emil Maurice . Edited by publisher Max Amann , Hess and others,... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 2,250 | 2,750 |
Hess was appointed to the cabinet as a Reichsminister without portfolio on 1 December. With offices in the Brown House in Munich and another in Berlin , Hess was responsible for several departments, including foreign affairs, finance, health, education and law. Hess also was named as a member of Hans Frank 's Academy f... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 2,700 | 3,200 |
Czechoslovak government. The Nazi regime began to persecute Jews soon after the seizure of power. Hess's office was partly responsible for drafting Hitler's Nuremberg Laws of 1935. These laws had far-reaching implications for the Jews of Germany, banning marriage between non-Jewish and Jewish Germans and depriving non-... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 3,150 | 3,650 |
susceptible to the infliction of ordinary punishment". In another decree, Hess ordered that none of the buildings destroyed in Warsaw during the siege were to be rebuilt as a reminder to the Poles of their "war guilt". Hess's antisemitism markedly increased after the war started, as he was convinced that the war had be... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 3,600 | 4,100 |
He was excluded from most important decisions, and many in Hitler's inner circle thought him to be mad due to his eccentricities. Bormann had successfully supplanted Hess in many of his duties and had taken Hess' position at Hitler's side. Hess was concerned that Germany would face a war on two fronts as plans progress... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 4,050 | 4,550 |
to help ward off fatigue and an assortment of homoeopathic remedies. Setting a course towards Bonn , Hess used landmarks on the ground to orient himself and make minor course corrections. When he reached the coast near the Frisian Islands , Hess turned and flew in an easterly direction for twenty minutes to stay out of... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 4,500 | 5,000 |
flight to have been "the proudest technical achievement of Hess's life." Before his departure from Germany, Hess had given his adjutant, Karlheinz Pintsch , a letter addressed to Hitler that detailed his plans to initiate peace negotiations with the UK. Hess intended to approach the Duke of Hamilton at his home in Scot... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 4,950 | 5,450 |
official mission, Churchill later stated in his book The Grand Alliance that in his view, the mission had not been authorised. "He came to us of his own free will, and, though without authority, had something of the quality of an envoy", said Churchill, and referred to Hess's plan as one of "lunatic benevolence". After... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 5,400 | 5,900 |
an interpreter; Hess could speak English well, but was having trouble understanding Hamilton. He told Hamilton that he was on a "mission of humanity" and that Hitler "wished to stop the fighting" with England. After the meeting, Hamilton examined the remains of the Messerschmitt in the company of an intelligence office... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 5,850 | 6,350 |
war From Buchanan Castle, Hess was transferred briefly to the Tower of London and then to Mytchett Place in Surrey , a fortified mansion, designated "Camp Z", where he stayed for the next 13 months. Churchill issued orders that Hess was to be treated well, though he was not allowed to read newspapers or listen to the r... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 6,300 | 6,800 |
to complain of amnesia. This symptom and some of his increasingly erratic behaviour may have in part been a ruse, because if he were declared mentally ill, he could be repatriated under the terms of the Geneva Conventions . Hess was moved to Maindiff Court Hospital on 26 June 1942, where he remained for the next three ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 6,750 | 7,250 |
Hess began exhibiting amnesia , which may have been feigned in the hope of avoiding the death sentence. The chief psychiatrist at Nuremberg, Douglas Kelley of the US Military, gave the opinion that the defendant suffered from "a true psychoneurosis, primarily of the hysterical type, engrafted on a basic paranoid and sc... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 7,200 | 7,700 |
repudiated the allegations that the NSDAP/AO had been spying and fomenting war. Seidl presented a summation of the defence's case on 25 July, in which he attempted to refute the charge of conspiracy by pointing out that Hitler alone had made all the important decisions. He noted that Hess could not be held responsible ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 7,650 | 8,150 |
when he was a patient at the British Military Hospital in West Berlin for a perforated ulcer. By this time, Wolf Rüdiger Hess was 32 years old and Ilse 69; they had not seen Hess since his departure from Germany in 1941. After this illness, he allowed his family to visit regularly. His daughter-in-law, Andrea, who ofte... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 8,100 | 8,600 |
father ultimately backfired as he conflated the question of whether his father deserved release on humanitarian grounds with the question of whether his father was guilty. Wolf argued that his father was unjustly imprisoned to hide the UK's "war guilt", arguing that millions of lives could have been saved if only Churc... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 8,550 | 9,050 |
Soviet Union had planned to attack Germany . He said in the statement that he had decided to make his flight to Scotland without informing Hitler, with the aim of informing the UK of the Soviet danger to "European civilization" and the entire world. He believed his warning would cause the UK to end its war with Germany... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 9,000 | 9,500 |
of the University of Salzburg demonstrated a 99.99 per cent match between the prisoner's Y chromosome DNA markers and those of a living male Hess relative. See also Biography portal List of Nazi Party leaders and officials List of SS- Obergruppenführer Neue Deutsche Heilkunde Glossary of Nazi Germany References Informa... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 9,450 | 9,950 |
, p. 307. ↑ Shirer 1960 , pp. 226–227. ↑ Lang 1979 , p. 79. 1 2 Hess 1987 , p. 39. ↑ Nesbit & van Acker 2011 , pp. 21–22. ↑ Williams 2015 , p. 498. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , pp. 47–48. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , pp. 37, 60, 62. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , p. 39. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , p. 67. ↑ Manvell & Fraenke... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 9,900 | 10,400 |
, pp. 116–117, 124. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , pp. 119–120. ↑ Bonhams 2014 . ↑ Bonhams 2015 . ↑ Nesbit & van Acker 2011 , pp. 72–73. ↑ The Scotsman 2014 . ↑ Nesbit & van Acker 2011 , p. 71. ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , p. 128. ↑ Nesbit & van Acker 2011 , pp. 82, 88, 95. ↑ Smith 2004 . ↑ Manvell & Fraenkel 1971 , p. 136... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 10,350 | 10,850 |
250. ↑ Goda 2007 , p. 252. ↑ Goda 2007 , pp. 253–254. ↑ Goda 2007 , pp. 260–261. ↑ Goda 2007 , p. 263. ↑ Goda 2007 , pp. 261–262. ↑ Nesbit & van Acker 2011 , pp. 101–103. ↑ Milmo 2013 . 1 2 Greenwald & Freeman 1987 . ↑ Nesbit & van Acker 2011 , p. 132. ↑ Bild 2009 . ↑ Rojas & Wardrop 2012 . ↑ Dowling 2011 . ↑ BBC News ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 10,800 | 11,300 |
. Retrieved 28 August 2017 . "Hess Faking Amnesia, Says U.S. Army Doctor". Washington Daily News . No. 30. E. W. Scripps. 17 October 1945. Hess, Wolf Rüdiger (1987) . My Father Rudolf Hess . London: W.H. Allen. ISBN 0-352-32214-4 . Herwig, Holger (2016). The Demon of Geopolitics: How Karl Haushofer "Educated" Hitler an... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 11,250 | 11,750 |
March 2012). "Report into Rudolf Hess death fails to answer unexplained questions about Nazi prisoner's 'suicide' " . The Telegraph . Retrieved 21 June 2013 . Rubinstein, William (2007). Unsolved Historical Mysteries: Answers to Outstanding Historical Puzzles . Brighton: Edward Everett Root. ISBN 978-1-911454-45-8 . "R... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 11,700 | 12,200 |
to Spandau . Leatherhead: Ashford, Buchan & Enright. ISBN 978-1-85253-314-4 . Padfield, Peter (1991). Hess: Flight for the Führer . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. ISBN 978-0-297-81181-7 . Rees, John R ; Dicks, Henry Victor (1948). The Case of Rudolf Hess: A Problem in Diagnosis and Forensic Psychiatry . New York: Norto... | Wikipedia (defendant): Rudolf Hess | 12,150 | 12,360 |
Joachim von Ribbentrop German politician and diplomat (1893–1946) "Ribbentrop" redirects here. For other people with the surname, see Ribbentrop (surname) . Ulrich Friedrich-Wilhelm Joachim von Ribbentrop ( German: [ joˈʔaxɪm fɔn ˈʁɪbəntʁɔp ] ; 30 April 1893 – 16 October 1946) was a German Nazi politician, diplomat and... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 0 | 500 |
his dismissal of Otto von Bismarck and the Kaiser's alleged homosexuality . As a result, the Ribbentrop family was often short of money. For the next 18 months, the family moved to Arosa , Switzerland, where the children continued to be taught by French and English private tutors, and Ribbentrop spent his free time ski... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 450 | 950 |
introduction. Ribbentrop and his wife joined the Nazi Party on 1 May 1932. Ribbentrop began his political career by offering to be a secret emissary between Chancellor of Germany Franz von Papen , his old wartime friend, and Hitler. His offer was initially refused. Six months later, however, Hitler and Papen accepted h... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 900 | 1,400 |
diplomat. Ribbentrop quickly learned that Hitler always favoured the most radical solution to any problem and accordingly tendered his advice in that direction as a Ribbentrop aide recalled: When Hitler said "Grey", Ribbentrop said "Black, black, black". He always said it three times more, and he was always more radica... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 1,350 | 1,850 |
the Versailles Treaty. Special Commissioner for Disarmament In 1934, Hitler named Ribbentrop Special Commissioner for Disarmament . In his early years, Hitler's goal in foreign affairs was to persuade the world that he wished to reduce the defence budget by making idealistic but very vague disarmament offers (in the 19... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 1,800 | 2,300 |
and met Foreign Minister Louis Barthou. During their meeting, Ribbentrop suggested for Barthou to meet Hitler at once to sign a Franco-German non-aggression pact. Ribbentrop wanted to buy time to complete German rearmament by removing preventive war as a French policy option. The Barthou-Ribbentrop meeting infuriated K... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 2,250 | 2,750 |
intended to create the Anglo-German alliance, the Gleichschaltung (co-ordination) of all societies demanding the restoration of Germany's former colonies in Africa . On 3 July 1935, it was announced that Ribbentrop would head the efforts to recover Germany's former African colonies. Hitler and Ribbentrop believed that ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 2,700 | 3,200 |
Japan's ally. Veterans' exchanges In 1935, Ribbentrop arranged for a series of much-publicised visits of First World War veterans to Britain, France and Germany. Ribbentrop persuaded the Royal British Legion and many French veterans' groups to send delegations to Germany to meet German veterans as the best way to promo... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 3,150 | 3,650 |
German embassy that Ribbentrop had built there (he felt that the existing embassy was insufficiently grand). Luther proved to be a master intriguer and became Ribbentrop's favourite hatchet man. Ribbentrop did not understand the limited role in government exercised by 20th-century British monarchs. He thought that Edwa... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 3,600 | 4,100 |
a stiff-armed Nazi salute: the gesture nearly knocked over the King, who was walking forward to shake Ribbentrop's hand at the time. Ribbentrop further compounded the damage to his image and caused a minor crisis in Anglo-German relations by insisting that henceforward all German diplomats were to greet heads of state ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 4,050 | 4,550 |
after meeting Hitler in a visit arranged by Ribbentrop, Robert Vansittart , the British Foreign Office's Permanent Under-Secretary of State , wrote a memo stating that: The P.M. [Prime Minister] should certainly not see Lord Mount Temple – nor should the S[ecretary] of S[tate]. We really must put a stop to this eternal... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 4,500 | 5,000 |
World War I, and the wife of the Italian Ambassador to Germany, Elisabetta Cerruti, called Ribbentrop "one of the most diverting of the Nazis". In both cases, the praise was limited, with Cerruti going on to write that only in Nazi Germany was it possible for someone as superficial as Ribbentrop to rise to be a ministe... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 4,950 | 5,450 |
enemy". In the same report, Ribbentrop advised Hitler to abandon the idea of a British alliance and instead embrace the idea of an alliance of Germany, Japan and Italy to destroy the British Empire . Ribbentrop wrote in his "Memorandum for the Führer " that "a change in the status quo in the East to Germany's advantage... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 5,400 | 5,900 |
32 per cent of the offices in the Foreign Ministry were held by men who previously served in the Dienststelle . One of Ribbentrop's first acts as Foreign Minister was to achieve a total volte-face in Germany's Far Eastern policies. Ribbentrop was instrumental in February 1938 in persuading Hitler to recognize the Japan... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 5,850 | 6,350 |
of pique at his exclusion from the Chamberlain-Hitler meeting, Ribbentrop refused to hand over Schmidt's notes of the summit to Chamberlain, a move that caused much annoyance on the British side. Ribbentrop spent the last weeks of September 1938 looking forward very much to the German-Czechoslovak war that he expected ... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 6,300 | 6,800 |
had the German embassy in Budapest contact the regent, Admiral Miklós Horthy . Horthy was advised that the Germans might be open to having more of Hungary restored to its former borders and that the Hungarians should best start concentrating troops on their northern border at once if they were serious about changing th... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 6,750 | 7,250 |
Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet , which Ribbentrop later claimed included a promise that France would recognize all of Eastern Europe as Germany's exclusive sphere of influence . The talks with Bonnet were also conducted on the German side by Ernst von Weizsäcker , a high-ranking German diplomat who worked under Ribben... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 7,200 | 7,700 |
despite Beck's order to the censors on 27 March, it caused anti-German riots in Poland with the local Nazi Party headquarters in the mixed town of Lininco destroyed by a mob. On 28 March, Beck told Moltke that any attempt to change the status of Danzig unilaterally would be regarded by Poland as a casus belli . Althoug... | Wikipedia (defendant): Joachim von Ribbentrop | 7,650 | 8,150 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.