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UBE2V2 Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2V2 gene. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 variant proteins constitute a distinct subfamily within the E2 protein family. # Structure UBE2V2 has sequence similarity to other ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes but lack the conse...
This report provides recommendations for use of a newly developed recombinant outer-surface protein A (rOspA) Lyme disease vaccine (LYMErix,™ SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals) for persons aged 15-70 years in the United States. The purpose of these recommendations is to provide health-care providers, public health aut...
Borazine Borazine is an inorganic compound composed of the elements boron, nitrogen and hydrogen. In this cyclic compound three hydroborane (BH) units and three amino units (NH) alternate. The compound was synthesised in 1926 by the chemists Alfred Stock and Pohland by a reaction of diborane with ammonia. The structur...
Endogeny The word endogenous means "arising from within", the opposite of exogenous. # Biology Endogenous substances are those that originate from within an organism, tissue, or cell . Endogenous retrovirus are caused by ancient infections of germ cells in humans, mammals and other vertebrates. Their proviruses remain...
Korean Guideline for Iron Chelation Therapy in Transfusion-Induced Iron Overload # Introduction Regular red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are the major supportive care for many Korean patients with aplastic anemia (AA), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), or other rare anemias. Physicians most commonly use the hemoglob...
Daclatasvir # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc d...
Radiology Image Insertion # Overview It is important to have accurate insight when you are interpreting an imaging series such as CT scans, MRIs, or angiography. From a student's point of view, it may be needlessly complicated to look for a lesion in many frames. For this reason, creating an animated image with highli...
Neurofibromin 1 Neurofibromin 1 (NF1) is a gene in humans that is located on chromosome 17. NF1 codes for neurofibromin, a GTPase-activating protein that negatively regulates RAS/MAPK pathway activity by accelerating the hydrolysis of Ras-bound GTP. There are currently five known neurofibromin isoforms that are express...
Guidelines for the management of common congenital heart diseases in India: A consensus statement on indications and timing of intervention⋆ # Introduction Congenital heart diseases (CHDs) are the most common birth defects, responsible for nearly one-third of all congenital birth defects.The birth prevalence of CHD ...
Tosylchloramide # Overview Tosylchloramide or N-chloro tosylamide, sodium salt, sold as chloramine-T, is a N-chlorinated and N-deprotonated sulfonamide used as a biocide and a mild disinfectant. It is a white powder that gives unstable solutions with water. Trade names of chloramine-T products include Chloraseptin, C...
Ventral tegmentum # Overview The ventral tegmentum or the ventral tegmental area (VTA) (tegmentum, Latin for covering) is part of the midbrain, lying close to the substantia nigra and the red nucleus. # Pathways The VTA consists of dopamine, GABA, and glutamate neurons, and is part of two major dopamine pathways: - t...
Doppler echocardiography # Overview Doppler echocardiography is a procedure which uses ultrasound technology to examine the heart by creating an image of it and measuring the speed and direction of blood flow. This procedure is frequently used to examine children's hearts for heart disease because there is no age or s...
Inferior cerebellar peduncle # Overview The upper part of the posterior district of the medulla oblongata is occupied by the inferior peduncle, a thick rope-like strand situated between the lower part of the fourth ventricle and the roots of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves. The inferior peduncles connect the med...
Mental wellbeing at work This guideline covers how to create the right conditions for mental wellbeing at work. It aims to promote a supportive and inclusive work environment, including training and support for managers and helping people who have or are at risk of poor mental health. # Recommendations Making decisio...
Diabetes Management in Correctional Institutions [bib_ref] Challenges of improving quality in the correctional setting, Puisis [/bib_ref] ## Intake medical assessment ## Reception screening Reception screening should emphasize patient safety. In particular, rapid identification of all insulin-treated persons with ...
NFKB2 Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB2 gene. # Function NF-κB has been detected in numerous cell types that express cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and some acute phase proteins in health and in various disease states. NF-κB is a...
Estrogen # Overview Estrogens (alternative spellings: oestrogens or œstrogens) are a group of steroid compounds, named for their importance in the estrous cycle, and functioning as the primary female sex hormone. Estrogens are used as part of some oral contraceptives, in estrogen replacement therapy of postmenopausal ...
Apremilast for treating active psoriatic arthritis Evidence-based recommendations on apremilast (Otezla) for treating active psoriatic arthritis. # Recommendations Apremilast, alone or in combination with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), is recommended as an option for treating active psoriatic arthrit...
Technology and youth seem destined for each other. They are both young, fast paced, and ever changing. In the last 20 years there has been an explosion in new technology. This new technology has been eagerly embraced by young people and has led to expanding knowledge, social networks, and vocabulary that includes insta...
ANAPC5 Anaphase-promoting complex subunit 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ANAPC5 gene. The anaphase-promoting complex (APC) consists of at least 8 protein subunits, including APC5, CDC27 (APC3; MIM 116946), CDC16 (APC6; MIM 603461), and CDC23 (APC8; MIM 603462). # Interactions ANAPC5 has been shown to ...
Interleukin-4 receptor The interleukin 4 receptor is a type I cytokine receptor. IL4R is its human gene. # Function This gene encodes the alpha chain of the interleukin-4 receptor, a type I transmembrane protein that can bind interleukin 4 and interleukin 13 to regulate IgE antibody production in B cells. Among T cell...
This guideline summarizes suggested wait times for common indications where Computed Tomography (CT) is the recommended first imaging test. The purpose is to inform primary care practitioners of how referrals are prioritized by Radiologists and Radiology departments across the province. This guideline is an adaptation ...
CS gas CS gas is the common name for 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (also called o-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile) (chemical formula: C10H5ClN2), a substance that is used as a riot control agent and is generally accepted as being non-lethal. CS was discovered by two Americans, Ben Corson and Roger Staughton, at Middlebur...
H3F3B (gene) H3 histone, family 3B (H3.3B) is a protein in humans that is encoded by the H3F3B gene. # Function Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an oc...
SepsiTest assay for rapidly identifying bloodstream bacteria and fungi Evidence-based recommendations on the SepsiTest assay for rapidly identifying bloodstream bacteria and fungi. # Recommendation There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend the routine adoption in the NHS of the SepsiTest assay for rapidly...
Mammaglobin-A Mammaglobin-A also known as secretoglobin family 2A member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCGB2A2 gene. # Function SCGB2A2 is a member of the superfamily of secretoglobins, a group of small dimeric secreted and sometimes glycosylated proteins. Expressed mainly in mucosa, secretoglobins ...
Candesartan (patient information) # IMPORTANT WARNING Do not take candesartan if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking candesartan, call your doctor immediately. # Why this medication is prescribed Candesartan is used to treat high blood pressure. It blocks the action of certain chem...
Sandbox: DDx pancrease - Done: - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Adenocarcinoma of pancreas, Solid-pseudopapillary tumour of pancreas, Insulinoma, Gastrinoma, Glucagonoma, VIPoma, Somatostatinoma - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, Adenocarcinoma of pancreas, Solid-pseudopapillary tumour of pancreas, Insulinoma, Gastrinoma, Gluc...
Phenazepam Phenazepam is a benzodiazepine drug, which was developed in Soviet Union and now produced in Russia and some CIS countries. Phenazepam is used in the treatment of neurological disorders such as epilepsy, alcohol withdrawal and insomnia. It can be used as a premedication before surgery as it augments the effe...
IDH3G Isocitrate dehydrogenase subunit gamma, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IDH3G gene. Isocitrate dehydrogenases (IDHs) catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron ac...
Greater celandine The greater celandine (Chelidonium majus, aka. 'Tetterwort') is a yellow flowering plant in the poppy family, native to Europe and the Mediterranean basin. It is also widespread in North America, having been brought there by settlers as a herbal remedy for skin problems such as warts as early as 1672....
Donepezil (patient information) # Why this medication is prescribed Donepezil is used to treat dementia (a brain disorder that affects the ability to remember, think clearly, communicate, and perform daily activities and may cause changes in mood and personality) associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD; a brain diseas...
Cefazolin sodium description # Description Cefazolin for Injection, USP, Pharmacy Bulk Package bag SmartPak® should be used only in patients who require a 1 gram dose and not any fraction thereof. Cefazolin for Injection USP, Pharmacy Bulk Package bag SmartPak® should not be used in patients who require less than the ...
Carnosinemia Carnosinemia, also called carnosinase deficiency or aminoacyl-histidine dipeptidase deficiency, is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of carnosinase, a dipeptidase (a type of enzyme that splits dipeptides into their two amino acid constituents). Carnosine is a dipeptide co...
Penicillin G procaine indications and usage # Indications and Usage To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Bicillin C-R and other antibacterial drugs, Bicillin C-R should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by ba...
Rifampin isoniazid pyrazinamide microbiology # Microbiology ## Mechanism of Action ### Rifampin Rifampin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase, but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. ### Isonia...
VIPoma overview # Overview VIPoma is a rare tumor of the non-beta cells of the pancreas that results in the overproduction of the hormone vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). On histopathological analysis, composition of uniform, small to intermediate-sized cells in clusters, nests, and trabecular growth patterns with...
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma overview # Overview Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is rare, indolent B-cell lymphoma that may arise from either pre germinal or germinal/post germinal center replacing the normal architecture of the white pulp of the spleen. Chromosomal aberrations and gene mutations involved in t...
ZFPM2 Zinc finger protein ZFPM2, i.e. zinc finger protein, FOG family member 2, but also termed Friend of GATA2, Friend of GATA-2, FOG2, or FOG-2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFPM2 and in mice by the Zfpm2 gene. The zinc finger-containing protein encoded by this gene is a widely expressed member of th...
Tatuaje Tatuaje is a brand of hand-made premium cigar owned by Tatuaje Cigars, Inc.. It was created by Pete Johnson (owner of Tatuaje Cigars) in close consultation with José "Pepin" Garcia and is manufactured at the El Rey de los Habanos factory in Miami, Florida, and at Tabacalera Cubana S. A. (TACUBA) in Estelí, Nic...
Transoral carbon dioxide laser surgery for primary treatment of oropharyngeal malignancy # Recommendations Current evidence on the efficacy and safety of transoral carbon dioxide laser surgery for the primary treatment of oropharyngeal malignancy is adequate to support the use of this procedure with normal arrangement...
Nitrogen triiodide Nitrogen triiodide, also called nitrogen iodide, is the chemical compound with the formula NI3. It is a sensitive contact explosive: small quantities explode with a gunpowder-like snap when touched even lightly, releasing a purple cloud of iodine vapor. NI3 has a complex structural chemistry that ha...
Dermatology Dermatology (from Greek δερμα, "skin") is a branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its appendages (hair, sweat glands, etc). # Scope of the field Dermatologists are physicians (Medical Doctors) specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and tumors of the skin and its appendages. There ar...
Romosozumab # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc d...
ISCU Iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme ISCU, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ISCU gene. It encodes an iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster scaffold protein involved in and cluster synthesis and maturation. A deficiency of ISCU is associated with a mitochondrial myopathy with lifelong exercise into...
Renal replacement therapy for acute renal failure in children: European Guidelines Acute renal failure (ARF) is uncommon in childhood and there is little consensus on the appropriate treatment modality when renal replacement therapy is required. Members of the European Pediatric Peritoneal Dialysis Working Group have ...
Psi-DOM Ψ-DOM, or 2,6-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine, is a hallucinogenic drug and a structural isomer of the better-known hallucinogen DOM. Ψ-DOM was first reported by Alexander Shulgin in his book PIHKAL. Ψ-DOM has similar effects to DOM, but is only around 1/3 - 1/2 the potency, with an active dose reported to be bet...
Manganism Manganism or manganese poisoning is a toxic condition resulting from chronic exposure to manganese and first identified in 1837 by James Couper. Its symptoms resemble those of idiopathic Parkinson's disease, which it is often misdiagnosed as, although there are particular differences in both the symptoms (nat...
HOXB8 Homeobox protein Hox-B8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXB8 gene. # Function This gene is a member of the Antp homeobox family and encodes a nuclear protein with a homeobox DNA-binding domain. It is included in a cluster of Homeobox B genes located on chromosome 17. The encoded protein functions ...
Bucladesine # Overview Bucladesine is a cyclic nucleotide derivative which mimics the action of endogenous cAMP and is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Bucladesine is a cell permeable cAMP analog. The compound is used in a wide variety of research applications because it mimics cAMP and can induce normal physiological ...
SNAP29 Synaptosomal-associated protein 29 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SNAP29 gene. # Function This gene, a member of the SNAP25 gene family, encodes a protein involved in multiple membrane trafficking steps. Two other members of this gene family, SNAP23 and SNAP25, encode proteins that bind a syntaxi...
Zygomatic bone # Overview The zygomatic bone (malar bone) is a paired bone of the human skull. It articulates with the maxilla, the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone. It forms part of the orbit and is commonly referred to as the cheekbone. It is situated at the upper and lateral part of the face: i...
Beleric Beleric, also known as the bastard myrobalan, Terminalia bellirica, is a large deciduous tree common on plains and lower hills in Southeast Asia, where it is also grown as an avenue tree. The leaves are about 15 cm long and crowded toward the ends of the branches. It is considered a good fodder for cattle. This...
Ceric ammonium nitrate # Overview Ceric ammonium nitrate, or in lab jargon "CAN", is the chemical compound with the formula (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6. This orange-red, water-soluble salt is widely used as an oxidising agent in organic synthesis. This compound is used as a standard oxidant in quantitative analysis, # Propertie...
Kennel cough Kennel cough or tracheobronchitis is a highly contagious canine illness characterized by inflammation of the upper respiratory system. It can be caused by viral infections such as canine distemper, canine adenovirus, canine parainfluenza virus, or canine respiratory coronavirus, or bacterial infections su...
Mesenchymal stem cell # Overview Mesenchymal stem cells or MSCs are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types. Cell types that MSCs have been shown to differentiate into in vitro or in vivo include osteoblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, adipocytes, and as described lately, into beta-panc...
Congenital syphilis overview # Overview Congenital Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum, its transmitted to the fetus in utero from an infected mother via the placenta. The severity of the disease is dependent on the stage of maternal infection and the duration of exposure to the fetus. Transmission is typically i...
Choana # Overview Choana (plural: Choanae) is the posterior nasal aperture. The choanae are separated by the vomer. # Boundaries It is the opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. It is therefore not a structure but a space bounded as follows: - anteriorly and inferiorly by the horizontal plate of palati...
Tocilizumab for treating giant cell arteritis Evidence-based recommendations on tocilizumab (RoActemra) for treating giant cell arteritis in adults. # Recommendations Tocilizumab, when used with a tapering course of glucocorticoids (and when used alone after glucocorticoids), is recommended as an option for treating ...
# Background Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are a family of tumours, occurring with an incidence of about 5.25 cases per 100,000 1 . The incidence of NETs is increasing over the last 3 decades. NETs can arise in several organs; the most common sites are the ileum and pancreas, followed by other sites within the GI tract...
Bleed Purple Foundation # Overview The Bleed Purple Foundation is a recognized charitable organization under section 501(c)(3) of the IRS code located in Denver, Colorado. Founded in 2005 by members of the Theta Zeta chapter of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity in order to aid one of their brothers who was diag...
Anisocoria Anisocoria is a condition characterized by an unequal size of the pupils. # Causes To a certain extent, this is normal. Anisocoria to a mild degree (generally 0.3 to 0.5 mm) can be found in about 20% of people. This form is termed "simple anisocoria." When pathological, it may be seen in a variety of ner...
Norethindrone acetate and Ethinyl estradiol # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The ...
Tricuspid atresia overview # Overview Tricuspid atresia is the fourth most common cyanotic congenital heart disease after tetralogy of Fallot, transposition of the great arteries (TGA), and hypoplastic left heart syndrome, whether the nonoxygenated blood can not flow from right atrium to right ventricle due to nondev...
Interstitial nephritis overview # Overview Two main diseases involve the renal tubules are: Acute tubular necrosis due to Ischemic or toxic injury .(for more about ATN click here), and tubulointerstitial nephritis with Inflammatory involvement of tubules and interstitium and its consequent reactions. Since some cases ...
Warthin's tumor overview # Overview Warthin's tumor is a type of benign tumor of the salivary glands. It is also known as benign papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum. Its etiology is unknown, but there is a strong association with the cigarette smoking. Smokers are at 8 times greater risk of developing Warthin's tum...
Cardiomegaly overview # Overview Cardiomegaly is defined as an enlargement of the heart above its normal size. Cardiomegaly is generally first detected on chest X ray, and less often it is detected on routine physical examination. Cardiomegaly may be the first sign of an occult systemic or cardiovascular disease. #...
PMPCB Mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PMPCB gene. This gene is a member of the peptidase M16 family and encodes a protein with a zinc-binding motif. This protein is located in the mitochondrial matrix and catalyzes the cleavage of the leader peptides of prec...
RRH Peropsin, a visual pigment-like receptor, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RRH gene. Peropsin is an opsin and so belongs to the guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors. Peropsin genes have seven-exons as neuropsin and RGR-opsin genes. # Phylogeny The peropsins are one of the f...
Molecular Biomarkers for the Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Objectives: To develop evidence-based guideline recommendations through a systematic review of the literature to establish standard molecular biomarker testing of colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues to guide epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies and ...
Transcription factor II B Transcription factor II B (TFIIB) is a general transcription factor that is involved in the formation of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) and aids in stimulating transcription initiation. TFIIB is localised to the nucleus and provides a platform for PIC formation by binding an...
This report updates the 2008 recommendations by CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) regarding the use of influenza vaccine for the prevention and control of seasonal influenza (CDC. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices . MMWR 2008...
Problem gambling (patient information) For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here Synonyms and Keywords: Pathological gambling, Compulsive gambling; Addictive gambling # Overview Pathological gambling is being unable to resist impulses to gamble, which can lead to severe personal or social consequences. # What a...
Taste bud # Overview Taste buds are small structures on the upper surface of the tongue, soft palate, and epiglottis that provide information about the taste of food being eaten. The human tongue has about 10,000 taste buds. # Types of papillae The majority of taste buds on the tongue sit on raised protrusions of the...
Norovirus # Overview Norovirus is the cause of norovirus infection. Noroviruses (genus Norovirus) are a group of related, single-stranded RNA, nonenveloped viruses that cause acute gastroenteritis in humans. Noroviruses belong to the family Caliciviridae. # Causes ## Common Causes Norovirus is transmitted through pe...
IMITREX tablet description # Description IMITREX Tablets contain sumatriptan succinate, a selective 5‑HT1B/1D receptor agonist. Sumatriptan succinate is chemically designated as 3--N-methyl-indole-5-methanesulfonamide succinate (1:1), and it has the following structure: The empirical formula is C14H21N3O2SC4H6O4, repr...
POLH Polymerase (DNA directed), eta, also known as POLH, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the POLH gene. # Function This gene encodes a member of the Y family of specialized DNA polymerases. It copies undamaged DNA with a lower fidelity than other DNA-directed polymerases. However, it accurately replicates U...
MLH3 DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH3 gene. # Function This gene is a member of the MutL-homolog (MLH) family of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. MLH genes are implicated in maintaining genomic integrity during DNA replication and after meiotic recombination. The prot...
Avalglucosidase alfa for treating Pompe disease Evidence-based recommendations on avalglucosidase alfa (Nexviadyme) for Pompe disease. # Recommendations Avalglucosidase alfa (AVAL) is recommended, within its marketing authorisation, as an option for treating Pompe disease in babies, children, young people and adults,...
Masoprocol (patient information) # IMPORTANT WARNING Masoprocol is no longer available in the U.S. If you are currently taking masoprocol, you should call your doctor to discuss switching to another treatment. # Why this medication is prescribed Masoprocol is used to treat sun-induced skin growths. This medication is...
This report consolidates previous recommendations and adds new ones for preventing and controlling infections with hepatitis viruses in correctional settings. These recommendations provide guidelines for juvenile and adult correctional systems regarding 1) identification and investigation of acute viral hepatitis; 2) p...
Radar radiation astronomy Radar astronomy is used to detect and study astronomical objects that reflect radio rays. The image at right is of asteroid 2012 LZ1 using the Arecibo Planetary Radar. Radar astronomy is a technique of observing nearby astronomical objects by reflecting microwaves off target objects and analyz...
Dose escalation study Dose Escalation Study Design Example (A Dose Escalation Study of Ender-G in Adults with Cancer) Methods Study Design study of Ender-G enrolled participants with various cancer types from a single academic medical center in Bethesda, Maryland, in the United States. All participants were informed ab...
Fermented milk products Fermented milk products, also known as cultured dairy foods, cultured dairy products, or cultured milk products, are dairy foods that have been fermented with lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Leuconostoc. The fermentation process increases the shelf-life of the prod...
Glyphosate Glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine) is a non-selective systemic herbicide, absorbed through the leaves, used to kill weeds, especially perennials. Some crops have been genetically engineered to be resistant to it. Glyphosate was first sold by Monsanto under the tradename Roundup, but is no longer under ...
Rh incompatibility (patient information) For the WikiDoc page on Hemolytic disease of the newborn, click here # Overview Rh incompatibility is a condition that develops when a pregnant woman has Rh-negative blood and the baby in her womb has Rh-positive blood. # What are the symptoms of Rh incompatibility? - Rh incom...
OLR1 Oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (Ox-LDL receptor 1) also known as lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OLR1 gene. LOX-1 is the main receptor for oxidized LDL on endothelial cells, macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and other cell types. But minimally ...
Sandbox:epidem # Overview Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid cancer in childhood and the most common cancer in infancy. The overall incidence rate of neuroblastoma is approximately 4.9 per 1,000,000 individuals in the United States. The incidence of neuroblastoma decreases with age; the highest incide...
Coronary sinus # Overview The coronary sinus is a collection of veins joined together to form a large vessel that collects blood from the myocardium of the heart. It is present in humans and other animals. # Location It is located between the left atrium and ventricle on the posterior surface of the heart. It runs tr...
Compounding Compounding pharmacy is the long-standing process of mixing drugs by a pharmacist or physician to fit the unique needs of a patient. For example, a patient allergic to the dyes used in a pill can obtain a doctor’s prescription for the necessary medicine to be compounded without the offending dye. # History...
Chronic mitral regurgitation treatment # Overview The distinction between primary nd secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) is of utmost importance when determining the treatment strategies among patients with chronic MR. Primary and secondary MR have a different underlying pathophysiology and therefore have different i...
Restless legs syndrome overview # Overview Restless legs syndrome is a condition that is characterised by an irresistible urge to move one's legs. It is poorly understood, often misdiagnosed, and believed to be a neurological disorder. Many people tap their feet or shake their legs resulting from a nervous tic, consum...
Rifampin microbiology # Microbiology ## Mechanism of Action Rifampin inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity in susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms. Specifically, it interacts with bacterial RNA polymerase but does not inhibit the mammalian enzyme. ## Drug Resistance Organisms resistant to rifamp...
Twin and triplet pregnancy This guideline covers the care that should be offered to women with a twin or triplet pregnancy in addition to the routine care that is offered to all women during pregnancy. It aims to reduce the risk of complications and improve outcomes for women and their babies. # Recommendations Peopl...
Medical ethics Medical ethics is primarily a field of applied ethics, the study of moral values and judgments as they apply to medicine. As a scholarly discipline, medical ethics encompasses its practical application in clinical settings as well as work on its history, philosophy, theology, and sociology. Medical ethic...
Korean Society of Nephrology 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for Optimal Hemodialysis Treatment ## Not applicable Methodological rigor in guideline development Searching for evidence and drawing conclusions using it does not seem to be a big problem. However, if the level of evidence for widely known information in...
Gastrin-releasing peptide receptor The gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), now properly known as BB2 is a G protein-coupled receptor whose endogenous ligand is gastrin releasing peptide. In humans it is highly expressed in the pancreas and is also expressed in the stomach, adrenal cortex and brain. Gastrin-rele...
Segmentation Segmentation in biology refers to the division of some metazoan bodies and plant body plans into a series of semi-repetitive segments, and the question of the benefits and costs of doing so. As such, segmentation is related to the more general concept of modularity. Examples of segmented animals are the an...
Dipyridamole (tablet) # Disclaimer WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on...
Dichromacy Dichromacy in humans is a moderately severe color vision defect in which one of the three basic color mechanisms is absent or not functioning. It is hereditary and sex-linked, predominantly affecting males. Dichromacy occurs when one of the cone pigments is missing and color is reduced to two dimensions. Org...