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08653c14-1263-4d1b-a5a5-e810006007df | In ICDAS — II, score 2 indicates? | First enamel visual change | Distinct enamel change | Microcavitation | Underlying dentin shadow | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
578a0850-ca30-4678-87f1-2b13166c87a8 | What is the pattern of inheritance in the given pedigree chart | Holandric inheritance | Mitochondrial inheritance | X linked dominant inheritance | Autosomal donminant inheritance | 1b | single | Mitochondrial DNA is inherited only by Mother. So mother trammits disease related to Mitochondria to all her children. | Pediatrics | null |
c7fac04d-a5e5-4325-84a4-b1b45bb5030b | Pharyngeconjunctival fever is caused by - | Adenovirus 3 and 7 | Adenovirus 11, 21 | Adenovirus 40, 41 | Adenovirus 8, 19 | 0a | single | Adenovirus causes pharyngitis, pneumonia, ARD, pharyngoconjunctival fever, EKC, acute follicular conjunctivitis, diarrhea, and acute hemorrhagic fever. Pharyngeoconjunctival fever is usually associated with serotypes 3,7 and 14. REF:ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:482 | Microbiology | Virology |
a62c9a9f-9093-4e5c-ad28-c46417808666 | IQ = 51 – | Mild MR | Moderate MR | Severe MR | Profound MR | 0a | single | IQ between 50-70 is mild mental retardation. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
bf40f5cd-c0d9-47d5-9c85-e13642bd77cb | All of the following are example of nominal scale except: | Race | Sex | Body weight | Socio-economic status | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
2703c371-ef26-4934-bf3c-f859915fa6f0 | All of the following are essential criteria for defining perinatal asphyxia EXCEPT? | Persistence of APGAR score of 5-7 for >5 minutes | Prolonged umbilical aerial blood pH <7.0 | Presence of neurological manifestations in the immediate neonatal period | Evidence of multiorgan dysfunction in the immediate neonatal period | 0a | multi | Essential criteria for defining perinatal asphyxia include: Persistence of APGAR score of 0-3 for >5 minutes Prolonged acidemia (pH <7.0) on an umbilical aerial blood sample Neurological manifestations, e.g. seizures, coma, hypotonia or hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in the immediate neonatal period Evidence of ... | Pediatrics | Perinatal Asphyxia |
f4756f6c-1fe1-455c-a0a6-03aee2af98da | All of the following are drugs for ATT except ? | Kanamycin | Cycloserine | 5-flucytosine | Ofloxacin | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 5-flucytosine Antitubercular drugs o First line --> Isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, streptomycin, pyrazinamide. o Second line --> Thiacetazone, PAS, ethionamide, cycloserine, kanamycin, amikacin, capreomycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, clarithromycin, Azithromycin, rifabutin. | Pharmacology | null |
c4a20ef2-c3fb-45b2-931a-41fd199cfea4 | Which of the following are acid fast positive with 20% sulphuric acid: | M. avium | M. leprae | M. tuberculosis | Nocardia | 2c | single | Ans. (c) M. tuberculosis Features M. tuberculosis M. leprae Acid fastness Resist decolorization by 20% H2SO4 Resist decolorization by 5% H2SO4 Alcohol fastness Present Absent Culture Possible Not possible Niacin Positive (also some strain of M. microti) Negative Generation time 14-15 hours 12-1 3 days Remember:- Nocard... | Microbiology | null |
6062be99-c46d-49cd-b5c9-28cb71fe84e8 | True about measles – | Koplik spot appears in prodromal stage | Fever stops after onset of rash | Vaccine given at 9 month | All the above | 3d | multi | Measles vaccine is given at the age of 9 months of age. | Pediatrics | null |
91d1ea30-df10-4e1c-b5ff-a00b7ca8439b | In acute knee injuries with swelling and hemahrosis with muscle spasm, which of the following tests in most sensitive to detect anterior cruciate ligament injury? | Lachman's test | Pivot shift test | Apley's grinding test | Anterior drawer test | 0a | single | The Lachman test is the most sensitive and specific clinical test for anterior cruciate ligament injury. It is especially useful because it can be performed even in an acutely painful knee when the knee is painful and swollen. Ref: Campbell's Operative Ohopaedics, 11th Edition, Page 2440; Rockwood and Green's Fractures... | Surgery | null |
bb43aab9-3cec-4d2c-87d0-f5579466ad58 | Which of the following antitubercular drugs do not need to be adjusted in presence of renal failure ? | Rifampicin | INH | Ethambutol | Pyrazinamide | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rifampicin o Antitubercular drugs which do not require dose adjustment in renal failure : Rifampicin Rifabutin Rifapentine | Pharmacology | null |
a6fe860e-9613-4ff4-ba48-852bcf6ca3d0 | An acutely ill 18-year-old female is brought to the emergency depament. The patient is febrile and markedly hypotensive, and her mental status is obtunded. Numerous petechial and purpuric hemorrhages are scattered over the trunk, and aspiration of a lesion reveals neutrophils engulfing gram-negative diplococci. Serum s... | Conn syndrome | Hyperprolactinoma | Neuroblastoma | Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome | 3d | single | - Given pt is presenting with signs & symptoms of Waterhouse Friderichsen syndrome, a devastating consequence of disseminated meningococcal infection. - This disease is characterized by hemorrhagic destruction of adrenals complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation. | Pathology | Adrenal Gland |
79da52b8-5aa9-4577-96e7-c9dc32f3d76d | Which of the following is an example of a reverse transcriptase? | Gyrase | Helicase | Telomerase | RNA polymerase | 2c | single | Telomerase reverse transcriptase (abbreted to TE, or hTE in humans) is a catalytic subunit of the enzyme telomerase, which, together with the telomerase RNA component (TERC), comprises the most impoant unit of the telomerase complex. Telomerases are pa of a distinct subgroup of RNA-dependent polymerases. Telomerase len... | Biochemistry | Enzymes |
72b85236-72c8-4e5e-a221-3ce1bd7fc1ea | Amino acid used in the synthesis of purines ? | Glycine | Ornithine | Alanine | Threonine | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e.,Glycine Amino acids involved in purine synthesis - Glycine, aspaate, glutamine.Amino acids involved in pyrimidine synthesis - Glutamine, aspaic acid (aspaate). | Biochemistry | null |
4b82d462-ad1b-4c7a-b24d-e2f78e74b418 | Which of the following is true about Non-specific interstitial pneumonia? | Early appearance of honey combing on CT | Males are affected more commonly than female | Common in elderly age group | Associated with good prognosis | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Associated with good prognosis Non-specific interstitial pneumonia is associated with good prognosis. `Nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) patients have diffuse interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology whose lung biopsies fail to show diagnostic features of any of the other well-characterized interst... | Medicine | null |
b28130ab-1f97-4a49-a0c6-7c39ff59fc6f | Deep branch of ulnar nerve supplies | Adductor pollicis | Flexor digitorum superficialis | 1st Lumbrical | 2nd Lumbrical | 0a | single | Muscles supplied by deep branch of ulnar nerve are - Muscles of hypothenar eminence, medial two lumbricals , 4-1 dorsal interossei muscles and 4-1 palmar interossei and adductor pollicis 1st and 2nd lumbricals are supplied by digital nerves from median nerve. Nerve supplying flexor digitorum superficialis comes from me... | Anatomy | Upper limb |
392d96fc-7831-4751-ab5e-3da2d6d2f775 | Larvae of Ascaris lumbricoidis most commonly causes? | Cardiac symptoms | Respiratory symptoms | Genitourinary symptoms | Cerebral symptoms | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Respiratory symptoms Clinical manifestations of ascariasis can be divided into two groups :- Due to adult worm : Adult worm causes malnutrition, abdominal pain, anorexia, intestinal obstruction, appendicitis, obstructive jaundice, pancreatitis, intestinal perforation and allergic manifestations. in Du... | Microbiology | null |
c6de33e2-837e-4fee-bdd0-801a354bb256 | Acute adrenal insufficiency can present as | Acute abdomen with abdominal tenderness, nausea, vomiting and fever | Neurologic disease with decreased responsiveness progressing to stupor and coma | Hypovolemic shock | All of the above. | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above Presentation in Acute Adrenal Insufficiency* Acute adrenal insufficiency usually occurs after a prolonged period of nonspecific complaints and is more frequently observed in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency, due to the loss of both glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid secre... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
5a9d0548-367f-4baa-b501-a55ed3bcd2cd | OATP 1B1/2 gene mutation is seen in | Gilbert syndrome | Rotor syndrome | Crigler Najjar syndrome | Dubin Johnson syndrome | 1b | single | OATP 1B1/2 gene mutation - Rotor syndrome
ABCCA gene mutation - Dubin johnson syndrome | Pediatrics | null |
0f3631eb-3da3-4e47-a9ba-32743802efbd | Definitive diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease is done by? | Rectal Manometry | Barium enema | Rectal Biopsy | Enteroclysis | 2c | single | Hirschsprung's disease - is characterised by the absence of ganglionic cells in the distal colon and rectum - it occurs due to the failure of migration of neural crest cells to distal bowel segments - affects cells in both - myenteric and submucosal plexuses - functional obstruction developes in the affected pa. It can... | Radiology | Radiology Q Bank |
86aa8e3e-1bc5-4702-874b-b957abed3ae9 | Periaicular calcification is seen in - | RA | Pseudogout | OA | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pseudogout Periaicular soft tissue calcification Haematoma Crystal ahropathy (Gout, Pseudogout) Dermatomyositis Tumoral calcinosis Myositis ossificans Scleroderma Synol osteochondromatosis Synol sarcoma | Surgery | null |
fbac09be-9d76-4818-b0c8-913f31c63b0c | Kaposi's sarcoma is a tumour of: | Blood vessels | Reticuloendothetial system | Striated muscles | Smooth muscles | 0a | single | null | Pathology | null |
ede9d3e7-b1bf-4f86-a0b8-bf9d4668517f | A patint complains of intermittent claudication,dizziness and headache,likely cardiac lesion is- | TOF | ASD | PDA | Coarctation of aoa | 0a | single | Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a cardiac anomaly that refers to a combination of four related hea defects that commonly occur together. The four defects are: Ventricular septal defect (VSD) Tetralogy of Fallot results in low oxygenation of blood. This is due to: Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the left ven... | Medicine | C.V.S |
b3ed22cc-f880-4088-92e3-1428ae0c964c | Which is true about Klebsiella infections? | Most clinical isolates are obtained from the respiratory tract. | Predisposing factors for Klebsiella pneumonia include alcoholism, diabetes mellitus | Klebsiella is closely related to Pseudomonas. | Detecting Klebsiella growth from a sputum culture obtained from an intubated patient mandates treat ment with an aminoglycoside or a third-generation cephalosporin. | 1b | multi | Predisposing factors for Klebsiella .............. Klebsiella and the related Serratia and Enterobacter are the most impoant enteric organisms other than E. coli to infect humans. Although respiratory disease is impoant (Klebsiella accounts for 1 % or less of community-acquired pneumonia), most clinical isolates now co... | Surgery | null |
8feaad18-b321-4c37-a53a-28dd67b11e76 | In which leukemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia is most common | ALL | AML | CMIL | CLL | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
b03ab06b-89ce-4b0c-8fd6-75d28ed9d1d8 | Chronic Burrowing ulcer is caused by: | Microaerophilic streptococci | Peptostreptococcus | Streptococcus viridans | Streptococcus pyogenes | 0a | single | Microaerophilic streptococci ''This type of ulcer is due to symbiotic action of tnicroaerophilic non-haemolytic streptococci and haemolytic staphylococcus aureus" - S. Das Chronic burrowing ulcers or Meleney's ulcers are seen in the post-operative wounds either after the operation for perforated viscus or for drainage ... | Surgery | null |
dcec3266-75a5-4703-8bc8-95f9e263f079 | Drug of choice for neurocysticercosis is: | Praziquantel | Albendazole | Levamisole | Piperazine | 1b | single | Out of the two anthelmintics effective in killing cysticerci, albendazole is now preferred over praziquantel for the following reasons: * The course of treatment is shoer (8-15 day) compared to praziquantel (15-30 days). * Cure rates in terms of resolution of symptoms and disappearance of cysts are higher (75-85% with ... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
8238a9e0-8857-484e-8c53-99b992a581d6 | Which of the following about severe combined immunodeficiency is not true - | Due to deficiency of adenylate kinase | Toxicity to leucocytes due to accumulation of dAMP | Both cellular and humoral immunity affected | Bone marrow transplantation is the treatment | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Due to deficiency of adenylate kinase | Microbiology | null |
6c50a254-76a3-4a75-87b1-04dd2907eb91 | Strain of V. cholerae in Bengal - | 0:37 | 0.096527778 | 0:17 | 0:40 | 1b | single | null | Microbiology | null |
92b4442d-bfba-411d-a2d4-391795cec1af | The following radiograph shows: | Fusion in 22 | Gemination in 22 | Concrescence in 22 | Dilaceration in 21 | 1b | single | Gemination
Geminated teeth are anomalies which arise from an attempt at the division of a single tooth germ by an invagination, with resultant incomplete formation of two teeth. The structure is usually one with two completely or incompletely separated crowns that have a single root and root canal. It is seen in decidu... | Radiology | null |
4e6d187c-6bf9-4871-91b5-942bc2c77697 | Pancreatitis is a common complication of which one of the following : | Zidovudine | Didanosine | Zalcitabine | Stavudine | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
4346f1f5-7d9d-4eeb-b7e3-8d0ca8cc030e | In Ulnar nerve injury in arm, all of the following are seen except? | Hypothenar atrophy | Adduction of thumb | Loss of sensation of medial 1/3 of the hand | Claw hand | 1b | multi | Adduction of thumb. Injury to the Ulnar nerve Ulnar nerve is most commonly injured at the elbow, where it lies behind the medial epicondyle and at the wrist where it lies in front of flexor retinaculum. In high ulnar nerve injury at or proximal to elbow, all the muscles supplied by the ulnar nerve in the forearm and ha... | Anatomy | null |
46b3af93-b838-4696-b024-98cf1999793a | True about sickle anemia is? | Leucopenia | Decreased ESR | Microcardia | Ringedsideroblast | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Decreased ESR Investigation1) Peripheral smear shows sickle cells, target cells and Howell - Jolly bodies.2) ESR is decreased (only important anemia in which ESR is decreased, in most of other anemias ESR is increased).3) There is positive sickling test with a reducing substance like sodium metabisulf... | Pathology | Hemolytic anemia |
5b479f21-f41e-4335-93a1-f2950332776d | Drug of choice for acute severe asthma is:- | Sho acting beta 2 agonists | Long acting beta 2 agonist | Oral theophylline | Inhaled ipratropium bromide | 0a | single | Sho acting beta 2 agonists like salbutamol are drug of choice for acute severe asthma Condition Drug of choice Bronchial Asthma Acute attack Salbutamol Acute attack in pregnancy Salbutamol Acute attack during labour Ipratropium Acute attack in patients on beta blocker therapy Ipratropium Prophylaxis Coicosteroids Exerc... | Pharmacology | Respiratory System |
f320f7fc-7a5b-4808-b4a1-350fe4e6505f | A factor that is likely to increase the duration of action of a drug D that is partially metabolized by CYP3A4 in the liver is: | Chronic administration of phenobarbital with the drug | Chronic administration of cimetidine with the drug | Displacement from tissues binding sites by another drug | Chronic administration of rifampicin | 1b | multi | - Microsomal enzyme inducers- Rifampicin, Phenobarbital- will increase the activity of enzymes, leading to decreased duration of action of a drug.
- Microsomal enzyme inhibitor- Cimetidine- will decrease the activity of enzyme resulting in increased duration of action of the drug.
- A drug displaced from the binding si... | Pharmacology | null |
e049bbe8-c45b-4e17-b661-51d664fc1377 | The number of muscle fibers innervated by a motor axon is smallest in | Gastrocnemius | Orbicularis oculi | Single unit smooth muscle | Soleus | 1b | multi | The extraocular and hand muscles have an innervations ratio of 3 to 6 whereas gastrocnemius and back muscle has a ratio of 2000.(Refer Medical Physiology by Guyton & Hall, 12th edition, page no: 96) | Physiology | General physiology |
6fd68fbf-c7c2-45b0-8eea-fab91229c93c | This arrangement of myofibrils are found in | Dilated cardiomyopathy | Constrictive cardiomyopathy | Fibroelastic cardiomyopathy | Hyperophic cardiomyopathy | 3d | single | Refer robbins 9/e 569 Hyperophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease in which the hea muscle (myocardium) becomes abnormally thick (hyperophied). The thickened hea muscle can make it harder for the hea to pump blood. Hyperophic cardiomyopathy often goes undiagnosed because many people with the disease have few, if any, s... | Anatomy | Cardiovascular system |
d2b0c512-eccb-4915-99c1-3477d9f71074 | Which of the following may cause biliary obstruction - | Ancylostoma | Entrobius | Strongyloides | Clonorchis | 3d | single | In most cases the disease tends to remain low grade and chronic producing only minor symptoms of abdominal distress,intermittent diarrhea and liver pain or tenderness.C.sinensis has been linked to bile duct carcinoma.It is mostly observed in areas where clonorchiasis is endemic (refer pgno:126 baveja 3 rd edition) | Microbiology | parasitology |
350e4125-a353-4a15-a87f-d12676990c3b | False regarding Parasuicide? | Also known as attempted suicide | Mostly seen in psychological disturbances | Conscious, impulse, manipulative act to get rid of an intolerable situation | Hanging is the most common form | 3d | multi | Also known as attempted suicide/ pseudocide. Mostly seen in psychological disturbances. Conscious, impulse, manipulative act to get rid of an intolerable situation. POISONING ( drug ingestion )is the most common form. | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology - 1 |
1a4f8ece-02f0-47b9-8a7b-3e9c13763061 | Intra-tumoral calcification in the brain is seen in all except? | Craniopharyngioma | Meningioma | Oligodendroglioma | Hemangioblastoma | 3d | multi | Intratumoral calcification develops in the slow-growing tumors like Craniopharyngioma Meningioma Oligodendroglioma -Hemangioblastoma is a highly vascular tumor. | Medicine | Intracranial Space Occupying Lesion |
32e97b5f-3ca2-4e78-9996-c28f54292cb9 | Most common type of supracondylar fracture in children | Posteromedial extension | Posterolateral extension | Anteromedial flexion | Anterolateral flexion | 0a | single | One of the most serious fractures in childhood. Caused by fall on an out stretched hand. Fracture line extends transversely through the distal metaphysis of humerus just above the condyles. The distal fragment may be displaced in the following directions: Posterior or backward shift Posterior tilt Proximal shift Medial... | Orthopaedics | Elbow injuries |
f295cb33-ca3c-4b1d-9118-97a4ccc3686d | Soap bubble appearance at lower end of radius, the treatment of choice is: | Local excision | Excision and bone grafting | Amputation | Radiotherapy | 1b | single | Treatment for GCT at commoner sites is as given in Table Site Treatment of choice Lower end of femur Excision with Turn-o-Plasty Upper end of tibia Excision with Turn-o-Plasty Lower end of radius Excision with fibular grafting Lower end of ulna Excision Upper end of fibula Excision | Surgery | null |
3960176e-dfc6-4edb-87dd-24470703261f | Oncocytes are found in all of the following, except: | Thyroid | Kidneys | Pituitary | Pineal body | 3d | multi | Pineal body | Pathology | null |
46ccf360-09b3-4f2b-b29b-b8f7c355df5e | If a Mandibular canine has bifurcated roots, they are most commonly placed: | Mesial and distal | Facial and lingual | Mesiobuccal and distobuccal | Mesiolingual and distolingual | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
e741b3dd-83be-43c7-88b5-63c94b150d7a | True statement about esophageal varices is: | 90 % of cirrhotic patients have varices at the time of diagnosis | Bleeding cirrhotic varices moality is 90% | Variceal hemorrhage is the most common fatal complication of cirrhosis | Varices is not possible in the absence of cirrhosis | 2c | multi | Epidemiology of esophageal varices and correlation with liver disease At the time of diagnosis, 30% of cirrhotic patients have esophageal varices, and 90% after approximately 10 years. Bleeding from esophageal varices is associated with a moality rate of 20% at 6 weeks, Variceal bleeding is the most common fatal compli... | Medicine | null |
dae90013-4f75-4411-916a-c58d017c38e0 | Which of the following drug is NOT effective against chemotherapy induced vomiting? | Aprepitant | Hyoscine | Metoclopramide | Ondansetron | 1b | single | Ans. (b) HyoscineRef: KDT 6th ed. / 646-47 | Pharmacology | Anti-Neoplastic Agents |
2cc2667e-1a5b-4070-b0a5-1e0414cc1016 | A patient presents with acute renal failure with normal ultrasound abdomen repo Next most useful investigation is- | Intravenous pyelography | DTPA scan | Retrograde pyelography | X-ray abdomen and CT scan. | 1b | single | DTPA A renal scan involves the use of radioactive material to examine your kidneys and assess their function. A renal scan is also known as a renal scintigraphy, renal imaging, or a renogram. During this procedure, a technician injects a radioactive material called a radioisotope into your vein. The radioisotope releas... | Medicine | Kidney |
6738d961-f289-432a-942e-2c4f832a2348 | A Patient presented with Hypokalemia, Severe Hypertension, and Metabolic Alkalosis. The diagnosis is | Liddle syndrome | Bartter syndrome | Gitelman syndrome | Renal tubular acidosis | 0a | single | (A) Liddle syndrome[?]Liddle's Syndrome: Autosomal dominant & is characterized by activating mutation of collecting duct Na+ channel with enhanced sodium reabsorption.oLow renin, low aldosterone levels.oClinical picture mimics Primary Hyperaldosteronism: Hypertension, Hypokalemia & Alkalosis.oIncreased activity of the ... | Medicine | Fluid & Electrolyte |
e2e81f58-1d3f-4e1a-b0a9-db16a38482fa | Scabies is caused by a small mite that burrows into the skin. The disease is best described by which one of the following statements? | It is caused by a species of Sarcoptes | Secondary bacterial infection is rare | It is synonymous with Kawasaki's syndrome | It is best diagnosed by biopsy of the inflammatory region around the mite bite | 0a | multi | Sarcoptes scabiei is a small mite that burrows into human skin. Itching is significant, and a vesicular eruption, which often becomes secondarily infected with bacteria, develops. Diagnosis is made by microscopic detection of the mites. Gamma benzene hexachloride (Kwell), a topical insecticide, is an effective treatmen... | Microbiology | Parasitology |
00d998a8-acd5-4f4b-9d0b-af02dea93eef | Where is bruit heard in thyroid gland | Upper pole | Lower pole | Middle pole | Lateral side | 0a | single | Thrill is felt in the upper pole of the thyroid and also bruit on auscultation. It is because in the upper pole, superior thyroid aery enters the gland superficially and so thrill and bruit can easily be felt. In the lower pole inferior thyroid aery enters the gland from deeper plane and so thrill cannot be felt. Refer... | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast |
f8072d53-9043-4e99-bc97-b4eb577b3a5a | Which of the following enzyme is constituent of HMP shunt | Glucose 6 Phosphatase | Hexokinase | G6P dehydrogenase | Phosphorylase | 2c | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
29ab53ac-5e21-47fd-802d-254913e484b6 | A 45 year old man presents to a physician with back pain and facial pain. Physical examination demonstrates coarse facial features and kyphosis. Laboratory examination is remarkable for elevated alkaline phosphatase. .X-ray studies demonstrate skull thickening with narrowing of foramina, and bowing of the femur and tib... | Astrocytoma | Hodgkin's lymphoma | Meningioma | Osteosarcoma | 3d | single | The phrase "mosaic pattern" of newly formed woven bone is a specific tip-off for Paget's disease of bone, and is not seen in other bone conditions. The clinical and radiologic presentation are typical; an increased hat size may also be a clue. In its early stages, Paget's disease is characterised by osteolysis, produci... | Pathology | null |
65dad4a4-4248-40d7-9f9d-15e31b760bdd | Pubic symphysis is which type of joint | Synol | Fibrous | Cailaginous | Syndesmoses | 2c | single | Primary cailaginous joints Known as "synchondroses". These bones are connected by hyaline cailage and sometimes occur between ossification centers.This cailage may ossify with age.Examples in humans are the "growth plates" between ossification centers in long bones. These joints here allow for only a little movement, s... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
e0934d5e-6c6c-4240-b038-0700beab46e9 | Most common cause of urinary tract infection in children is - | EColi | Klebsiella sp. | Psedomonas Aerognosa | Candida | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., E Coli o Bacterial infections are the most common cause of UTI, with E coli being the most frequent pathogen, causing 75- 90% of UTIs. Other bacterial sources of UTI include the following:# Klebsiella species# Proteus species# Enterococcus species# Staphylococcus saprophyticus, especially among female... | Pediatrics | Urinary Tract Infections |
35c25ee1-d16c-4862-a482-1098c14c1494 | Deep perineal pouch in males does not include: | Pudendal nerve | Sphincter urethrae | Long perineal nerve | Dorsal nerve of penis | 2c | single | Coronal section of pelvis. Deep perineal pouch is located between the superior and inferior layers of the urogenital diaphragm. Long perineal nerve is located in the superficial perineal pouch. Contents of deep perineal pouch in males:Muscles - Sphincter urethrae, Deep transversus perineiNerves - Dorsal nerve of penis,... | Anatomy | Abdomen, Pelvis and Perineum |
b0d9aab1-ba98-43a7-be87-742c4e6e8826 | A multipara developed postpaum haemorrhage (PPH) during her 3rd child bih. The most probable cause for her PPH is: | Fibroid | Retained placenta | Uterine atony | Uterine perforation | 2c | single | Causes of postpaum hemorrhage include uterine atony, obstetric lacerations, retained placental tissue, and coagulation defects. Atony is the most common cause of postpaum hemorrhage (50% of cases). Predisposing causes include, Excessive manipulation of the uterus General anesthesia (paicularly with halogenated compound... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
d98db46f-ff41-4765-a2e5-1bbf1a0d51ce | A child with hypopigmented hair and mentally retarded with mousy odour urine. Enzyme deficient is? | Cystathione synthase | Tyrosine hydroxylase | Phenylalanine hydroxylase | Tyrosine transaminase | 2c | multi | (C) Phenyalanine hydroxylase # PHENYLKETONURIA: phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency.> Disease presents clinically with seizures, hypo pigmentation, musty odour to baby sweat and urine(due to phenylacetate, a carboxylic acid produced by oxidation of phenylketone).> Phenylalanine is first converted to tyrosine.> Hyper p... | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Bio-Chemistry) |
7fe22ca2-5ae5-4342-82f4-15f35ec7c1ad | Transcription is the synthesis of | Single stranded complimentary copy of DNA | Double stranded complimentary copy of DNA | Complimentary copy of RNA | Complimentary copy of rRNA | 0a | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
39d81a9f-686c-4b84-a2d8-26f64887f446 | Surgery used to treat posterior capsular Opacification is | Laser Posterior Capsulotomy | Extracapsular cataract Extraction | Phacoemulsification | Lensectomy | 0a | single | Posterior Capsular opacification is a complication of Cataract surgery.
Treatment is Nd : YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. | Ophthalmology | null |
0e09f58f-adb1-4f41-8878-a095b3c01511 | A patient develops acute respiratory distress, stridor, hyperinflation on one side of chest with decreased breath sound on that side. Most likely cause is : | Asthma | Aspiration pneumonia | Foreign body aspiration | Pleural effusion | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e Foreign Body Aspiration Foreign Body Aspiration :It is an important cause of stridor in children.If obstruction occurs it leads to hyperinflation.The overlying chest wall shows hyperresonance.There will be decreased breath sounds.All the other choices mentioned in the question do not cause stridor.Asthm... | Medicine | C.N.S. |
f16a84c1-d8b9-4e11-b8ae-f1bebcc67e0f | Local vasoconstriction is seen with: | Cocaine | Lignocaine | Bupivacaine | Mepivacaine | 0a | single | Cocaine is sympathomimetic and thus causes vasoconstriction. Cocaine is a local anesthetic with potential for abuse. It produces euphoria by inhibiting the uptake of catecholamines in the CNS, especially dopamine. Because of its abuse potential, cocaine is listed as a schedule II controlled substance by the U.S. Drug E... | Anaesthesia | Regional Anesthesia |
fa55715d-8586-4e07-bc16-f897d66d44e8 | Which of the following drugs combination shows antimicrobial synergism? | Penicillin + Streptomycin in SABE | Ampicillin + Tetracycline in endocarditis | Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim in UTI | Amphotericin B + Flucytosine in cryptococcal meningitis | 0a | single | Every AMA has a specific effect on selected microorganisms. Depending on the drug pair as well as the organism involved, either synergism (supra-additive effect), additive action, indifference or antagonism may be observed when two AMAs belonging to different classes are used together Every combination is unique; the s... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
e3bedef4-47de-45df-9bf2-58e005643a3d | Penal code for death sentence is ? | 300 | 302 | 304 | 306 | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 300 | Forensic Medicine | null |
4b755cb5-e40d-4582-9a38-34528975f5e5 | Sentinel lymph node is defined as | Primary LN draining tumor | LN which is first excised during MRM | LN nearest to tumor | None | 0a | multi | The first axillary lymphnode draining the breast (by direct drainage) is designated as sentinel lymph node. SLN is first node involved by tumour cells and presence or absence of its histological involvement when assesed will give a predictive idea about fuher spread of tunour to other nodes. SRB's Manual of Surgery.Edi... | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast |
69d0d0a7-e932-4212-a54c-fc0ee2bd9aa9 | Ramesh singh, a 40 yrs old man, was admitted with fracture shaft femur following a road traffic accident. Three days after tauma he was tachypnoeic, and had conjunctival petechiae. Most likely diagnosis is ? | Pulomary embolism | Sepsis syndrome | Fat embolism | Hemothorax | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Fat embolism This patient in question has femur fracture has developed classical triad of fat embolism :- Respiratory symptom :- Tachypnea Neurological symptom :- Disorientation Petechial rash :- Conjunctivalpetechiae So, the most probable diagnosis is fat embolism syndrome. | Surgery | null |
8b8d4057-66f6-4938-8a36-0e0e3dcb9cd7 | False about Angurugu syndrome is | Associated with manganese toxicity | Characterised by UMN lesions, cerebellar signs, oculomotor symptoms | Seen in western Australia | None of the above | 3d | multi | ANGURUGU SYNDROME: Associated with manganese toxicity Characterised by UMN lesions, cerebellar signs, oculomotor symptoms Seen in western Australia | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology - 1 |
5d7f390a-709a-461a-8719-67cfabbeb195 | Basanti, 27 year female thinks that her nose is ugly. Her idea is fixed and is not shared by anyone else. Whenever she goes out of the home, She hides her face? She visits a surgeon for plastic surgery. The appropriate next step would be:- | Investigate and then operate | Reassure the patient | Immediate operation | Refer to psychiatrist | 3d | multi | This appears to be a case of delusional disorder, somatic type. Its impoant to differentiate it from body dysmorphic disorder. here, the question says that idea is fixed and is not shared by anyone else and patient is fuher hiding her face when visiting outside. In body dysmorphic disorder, the belief is not fixed and ... | Psychiatry | Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders |
0723a62a-db4a-46a0-a667-84d368a1ecb0 | Which of the following is responsible for green color on antibiotic disk sensitivity testing? | Pyoverdin and pyocyanin | Pneumolysin | Optochin | Alpha hemolysin | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Pyoverdin and pyocyanin.* Pseudomonas produce pigments by the name of pyoverdin and pyocyanin leading to greenish pigmentation in culture plate.* Pneumococci produce pneumolysin that break downs hemoglobin into a green pigment. This causes pneumococcal colonies to be surrounded by green zone during growth on b... | Microbiology | Pseudomonas |
7439aa66-9d98-4868-a9b6-2ed6f9b68505 | Which of the following is not a neuroparasite? | Acantamoeba | Naegleria fowleri | Taenia solium | Trichinella spiralis | 3d | single | Trichinella spiralis is not a neuro parasite, it is seen in striated muscles. It causes trichinosis. Pigs are the most impoant reservoirs of human disease. Humans are infected by eating raw or undercooked meat containing larvae encysted in the muscle. The larvae excyst and mature into adults within the mucosa of the sm... | Microbiology | null |
16af5f0c-910f-49ac-ab59-4a81c6486349 | How much ethinyl estriol does the new low dose oral contraceptive pill contain (in micrograms) | 20 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 0a | single | Composition of 'New low dose OCP' : (Brand name : Femilon/Elogen) Ethinyl estradiol: 0.02mg (20 mcg) Desogestrel: 0.15mg(150 mcg) Composition of Combined OCP: MALA-N Ethinyl estradiol: 0.03mg (30mcg) Norgestrel : 0.15mg (150mcg) Ref: Internet, Organon-India website | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning |
e3a75277-2eae-4104-9dd8-e1424a8df6e4 | False about the precipitate formed as a result of reaction of chlorhexidine and NaOCl | Interferes with seal of obturation | Causes cyanosis | To prevent rinse canal with absolute alchohol | NaOCl is always used as final rinse | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
a1e4fef1-0b5d-4985-9a05-e8943c17c4f4 | How is cooling curve of the body postmoem? | Parabola | Hyperbola | Sigmoid | Linear | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sigmoid Body cooling postmoem follows the Newton's law of cooling.The rates of cooling at the ends of the curve are slower than the rates in the mid poion - resulting in Sigmoidal shape of the cooling curve | Forensic Medicine | null |
b5ae0188-af16-4d4d-bcf7-33e9f7a6d8d4 | Most common cause of splenic rupture is - | Malaria | ITP | Thalassemia | Cirrhosis | 0a | single | Most common cause of splenic rupture is Trauma.
In the absence of trauma Spontaneous rupture of spleen occurs due to some minor physical insult to a spleen that has been rendered fragile by an underlying condition. The most common predisposing conditions are IMN, malaria, typhoid fever and lymphoid neoplasms. | Pathology | null |
11af4a5d-3fbf-4e83-ae51-3f86905cce22 | All of the following are contraindications for root
planning EXCEPT | deficient or overhanging margins of amalgam restorations | erosion and /or abrasion | recession | root caries | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
a70c5d01-099a-4a24-8b7d-719d62ced1c2 | Which of the following statements is true regarding hemangioma of the bone -a) Occurs common in skull bonesb) Requires observation as it is premalignantc) Hamartomous in origind) Forms 10-12% of the bone tumorse) Local gigantism occurs when it occurs in an extremity | acd | bde | ace | ade | 2c | multi | null | Orthopaedics | null |
80a5a35c-e901-41ff-b86f-d4da86151649 | Increased serum calcium is seen in all except: | Myxedema | Multiple myeloma | Sarcoidosis | Primary hyperparathyroidism | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Myxoedema): Hypercakemia is a feature of Hypehyroidism and not hypothyroidism (Myxoedema) | Medicine | null |
e14e9810-befc-45ae-aca7-2f06c15aa23f | In a patient with AIDS, chorioretinitis is typically caused by | Cytomegalovirus | Toxoplasma gondii | Cryptococcus neoformans | Histoplasma capsulatum | 0a | multi | Commonest ocular infection in HIV patient - CMV retinitis Bush- Fire appeareance Pizza- Pie Appearance Sauce & Cheese Appearance OCULAR HIV : - M/C ocular manifestation - Cotton wool spot or soft exudate or HIV retinopathy - M/C occular infection - CMV retinitis - M/C occular tumor - kaposi sarcoma > Lymphoma | Ophthalmology | Uveitis |
d4621abe-85e5-4666-bfa4-4dcf89e99f11 | All are abductors of thigh, except: | Gluteus medius | Gluteus minimus | Saorius | Piriformis | 3d | multi | Piriformis | Anatomy | null |
0165bb7b-e869-48e8-8ba6-c62a17df5a37 | Corneal vascularisation is/are caused by: | Graft rejection | Chemical burn | Contact lens use | All | 3d | multi | Ans. A, B and C | Ophthalmology | null |
e2082560-1d4c-4b18-b4a9-bd32b981f862 | Antibody coated bacteria (A.C.B.) is characteristic of which one of the following conditions? | Glomerulonephritis | Pyelonephritis | Hypeension | Perinephric abscess | 0a | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
c44e6189-0dbd-4763-b2c9-5a83674762f3 | True about Latissimus dorsi | Nerve supply from long thoracic nerve | Inseed into bicipital groove of humerus | Use to fill up back defects | Blood supply from lateral thoracic aery | 1b | multi | The tendon is twisted upside down and is inseed into floor of the inteubercular sulcus Latissimus dorsi is supplied by the thoracodorsal (long scapular) nerve. The latissimus dorsi is a potential source of muscle for breast reconstruction surgery after mastectomy The dominant blood supply arises from the thoracodorsal ... | Anatomy | Thorax |
19add4df-9a45-401f-8e7f-faed447a0f4d | Fallot physiology includes all except | TA | Eisenmenger complex | TGA | Tricuspid atresia | 1b | multi | Eisenmenger syndrome include reversal of shunt. FALLOT PHYSIOLOGY SYNDROMES # Tetralogy of Fallot # Tricuspid. atresia - PS # Single ventricle - PS # TGA with VSD -- PS # DORV -- VSD -- PS Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no:428 | Pediatrics | C.V.S |
ab172f73-30d1-4996-a212-d16694612a76 | Abduction of Hand is caused by | FCR | FCU | FDP | FDS | 0a | single | The flexor carpi radialis muscle originates from the medial epicondlyle of humerus and inses into the bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones. Its action is abduction of hand at the wrist joint. BD CHAURASIA 7th edition ,page 108 table 9.2 | Anatomy | Upper limb |
197a44c7-831a-40a4-9a0f-cc99b8717af6 | Which of the following is true regarding lattice formation | Associated with precipitation and not agglutination | Associated with agglutination and not precipitation | Associated with both precipitation and agglutination | Associated with neither precipitation and nor agglutination | 2c | multi | Lattice formation is possible only in the zone of equivalence.in the zones of antibody or antigen excess lattice doesn't enlarge as their respective valencies are stisfied,this lattice hypothesis holds good for agglutination also. Ref: anantnarayan and panikers 10 th edition. | Microbiology | Immunology |
c59b8339-81b6-4df2-8c34-694aa5884567 | First change to occur in the distal segment of cut nerve: | Myelin degeneration | Axonal degeneration | Mitosis of Schwann cell | Sprouting | 1b | single | After axotomy, the nerve terminals of the injured neuron begin to degenerate (first). | Physiology | null |
a4a2e59d-3a02-4cf4-bfd6-9aa0fa74d6b9 | Most common causative organism of acute pyelonephritis in pregnancy is? | E.coli | Klebsiella pneumonia | Enterobacter | Staphylococcus group | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) E.coliREF: Dutta's textbook of obstetrics 6th ed page 296Incidence of pyelonephritis in pregnancy 1-3%Previous history of urinary tract infection increases chance by 50%Organisms associated are: E:coli (70%), Klebsiella (10%), Enterobacter, Proteus pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Renal and Urinary Tract Disorders |
f01a39d8-6e55-404e-a5b1-acc7fd8e4aa1 | A patient undergoes a total gastrectomy because of a proximally located gastric cancer. After the surgery, which of the following digestive enzymes will be produced in inadequate amounts? | Amylase | Chymotrypsin | Lipase | Pepsin | 3d | multi | Pepsin is secreted (in an inactive or zymogen form as pepsinogen) by the chief cells of the stomach. Pepsinogen is activated by contact with stomach acid. Although protein digestion usually begins with the actions of hydrochloric acid and pepsin, pancreatic enzymes complete the job as the food passes into the small int... | Physiology | null |
a48df783-463d-4687-8476-9b9e4e1b97c5 | The type of study that determines the norms and limits of the distribution of variables, including the characteristics of the events and population under study, is reffered to as- | Explanatory | Cross-sectional | Descriptive | Analytical | 2c | single | Descriptive studies are the first phase of an epidemiological investigation. Procedures in descriptive studies include: 1)defining the population to be studied 2)defining the disease under study 3)describing the study by time , place, person 4)measurement of disease 5)comparing with known indices 6)formulation of an ae... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
89b7691a-f779-4519-a15a-29657cec59e5 | HRT therapy can increase the risk of - | Osteoporosis | Breast carcinoma | Alzeihmer's disease | Colorectal cancer | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Breast carcinoma o HRT increases the risk of the following:# Endometrial cancer# Breast carcinomao Reduced risk of the following with HRT:# Alzeihmer's disease# Colorectal cancer# Osteoporosis# Age related hearing loss# HRT prevents lens opacities | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy |
046e5dff-f326-4cea-992c-333307271621 | Reverse cholesterol transpo is mediated by ? | HDL | VLDL | LDL | IDL | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., HDLReverse cholesterol transpoAll nucleated cells in different tissues synthesize cholesterol, but the excretion of cholesterol is mainly by liver in the bile or by enterocytes in gut lumen.So, cholesterol must be transpoed from peripheral tissue to liver for excretion.o This is facilitated by HDL and... | Pathology | null |
2e42b446-76dd-4b84-997f-8579950b15a4 | Most common chromosomal syndrome in children is? | Fragile X-syndrome | Trisomy 17 | Trisomy 21 | Trisomy 13 | 2c | single | **Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) is the most common of the chromosomal disorder. **Trisomy 16 is the most common trisomy overall, however most do not survive and die in utero Hence, among the live bihs, or among children, most common chromosomal abnormality is Trisomy 21 | Pediatrics | Impoant Genetic Syndromes |
b772a042-90cd-41d9-8232-015cc31b1272 | A child can make a tower of 6 cubes at the age of? | 36 months | 18 months | 12 months | 24 months | 3d | single | A child can make a tower of 6 cubes at 2 years. -tower of 2 cubes at 15 months, 3 cube tower at the age of 18 months | Pediatrics | Impoant Motor Milestones |
73f7d429-5401-4ee3-84c0-8048e0f115d9 | All of the following are features of Goodpasture syndrome, except: | Antibody to alpha-3 chain of type IV collagen (COL4A3) | Glomerular basement membrane is involved | Pulmonary haemorrhage | Subendothelial IgG deposits in renal biopsy | 3d | multi | Goodpasture syndrome Uncommon autoimmune disease in which kidney and lung injury are caused by circulating autoantibodies. Most common in 2nd & 3rd decades of life. Anti-GBM antibody-mediated disease Goodpasture syndrome applies to the 40% to 60% of patients with these autoantibodies who develop pulmonary hemorrhage in... | Pathology | Nephritic Syndrome |
5b11c7e8-7b55-45e2-89e8-0b11352de959 | systematic sensitization is used in | dissosiation | phobia | schioid personality | psychosis | 1b | single | SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION JOSEPH WOLPE Joseph Wolpe gave the concept of systematic desensitization This is a treatment used in phobia In phobia there is a conditioned fear response to aversive neutral stimulus and avoidance of that response leads to phobia Whenever there is a fear response there is stimulation of symp... | Anatomy | Treatment in psychiatry |
a5ea5679-2266-4700-b031-608db24f62e6 | Epiphyseal dysgenesis is a pathognomonic feature of: | Hypoparathyroidism | Hyperparathyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Hypehyroidism | 2c | single | Hypothyroidism | Radiology | null |
31d066ce-f6a2-4ee1-8c5a-126da773038d | True about specificity- | True positive | False positive | True negative | False negative | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' Le., True negative o When a screening test is used to diagnose a disease, the test oucome can be positive (diseased) or negative (healthy), while the actual health status of the person may be different,o In that settingi) True positive-Diseased people correctly diagnosed as diseased.ii) False positive-Healt... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Screening for Disease |
93b473bb-b949-4892-b3f7-ba52b1416bc6 | A 75 year old patient presents with deterioration of vision. On examination the pupillary reflex is observed to be sluggish and the intraocular pressure is normal. Optic disc evaluation shows a large and deep cup and paracentral scotomas. The most likely diagnosis is: | Primary Narrow angle glaucoma | Normal Tension Glaucoma | Neovascular Glaucoma | Absolute Glaucoma | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Normal Tension GlaucomaRef: Kanski 7/e, p. 346; Yanoff 3/e, p. 1159Glaucomatous cupping (large and deep cup) along with glaucomatous visual field defects (paracentral scotomas are the most frequent) in patients with normal intraocular pressure suggests a diagnosis of Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG). | Ophthalmology | Glaucoma |
f78a32fa-4ec9-4d74-a363-9be7595f20e7 | Lungs do not collapse during expiration because of the presence of? | Hyaline membrane | Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline | Macrophages | Interstitial fluid | 1b | single | b. Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline(Ref: Ghai 8/e p 169-170)Dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline is an important constituent of Surfactant, which prevent alveolar collapse during expiration. | Pediatrics | New Born Infants |
cf868d16-f8ec-4052-a0cf-6c404ffe4cae | Artery usually torn in temporal bone fracture is: | Middle meningeal artery | Posterior auricular artery | Transverse facial artery | Deep temporal artery | 0a | multi | Ans. (A). Middle meningeal arteryType of haemorrhageCommonest sourceExtradural haemorrhageMiddle meningeal arterySub dural haemorrhageBridging veinsSub arachnoid haemorrhageAneurysm - Circle of willisIntracerebral haemorrhageLenticulo-striate artery | Forensic Medicine | Sexual Offenses |
a74a1c05-57a4-4c1e-b0f4-a9b5baaca5db | Saroj, a 32 year old female, from rural background presented with a h/o chronic tobacco chewing since 14 year of age. Now she has difficulty in opening her mouth. On oral examination, no ulcers are seen - Most probable diagnosis is - | Submucous oral fibrosis | Carcinoma of buccal mucosa | TM joint ahritis | Trigeminal nerve paralysis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' ie. Submucous oral fibrosis " Submucous oral fibrosis is a progressive ds. in which fibrous bands form beneath the oral mucosa. These bands progressively contract so that ultimately mouth opening is severly limited. Tongue movements may also be limited. This conditon is almost entirely confined to Asians. H... | Surgery | null |
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