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cc08a1e9-291e-4ee6-9b37-90bddf5bc2f5 | The extraction of upper first molars may be indicated: | When the removal of 4/4 provides insufficient space | Where they are rotated | When their prognosis is poor | When 5/5 are palatally placed | 2c | multi | Key concept:
Any teeth which is having poor prognosis is indicated for extraction. | Dental | null |
cbbe9911-98fc-4e3e-a941-96e314994b8e | Rhinosporidiosis is caused by which of the following? | Fungus | Virus | Bacteria | Protozoa | 3d | single | Rhinosporidiosis is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. This organism was previously considered to be a fungus. It is now identified to be an aquatic protistan protozoa parasite belonging to the class Mesomycetzoea. ( Ref Scott Brown, 8th edition, VOL 1, Pg no. 208 ) | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
03c26382-4b74-43d5-923a-4345e647db76 | Calcinosis universalis occurs in – | Ehlers Danlos syndrome | Christian Weber syndrome | Deimatomyositis | Scleroderma | 2c | single | Calcinosis universalis is the diffue deposition of calcium salts in the skin, subcutaneous tissue and sometimes in connective tissue. It occurs in Juvenile Dermatomyositis. | Dental | null |
8bc8fa51-fdad-4b08-b6b6-15d7a4c3b5b7 | Fetal stage starts at: | 9 weeks | 3 weeks | 6 weeks | 12 weeks | 0a | single | Fetal Growth Periods | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
93be188f-4383-4407-8c10-e27baa961c3f | Which of the following belongs to antifibrinolytic drugs | Alteplase | Urokinase | Aprotinin | Reteplase | 2c | single | Antifibrinolytic drugs promote blood clotting by preventing blood clots from breaking down. Some examples of antifibrinolytic drugs are aprotinin, tranexamic acid (TXA), epsilon-aminocaproic acid and aminomethylbenzoic acid. Doctors sometimes give these drugs to patients having surgery to prevent blood loss. Ref: KD Tr... | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
d87b2443-9dd0-4ace-b0ed-d197ad7158d8 | Organism which causes pancreatitis | Mumps | Measles | Candida | Treponema | 0a | single | null | Medicine | null |
ce565495-ec7f-4170-8cd8-667c07a58cda | Longest acting L.A. – a) Bupivacaineb) Tetracainec) Xylocained) Procaine | ac | a | ad | ab | 3d | single | Dibucaine is the longest acting LA (duration is 2.5-3.5 hours).
Amongst the given options tetracaine & bupivacaine are longest acting (both have duration of 2-3 hours).
Decreasing order of duration :- Dibucaine (longest acting) > Bupivacaine = Tetracaine = Ropivacaine = Etidocaine > Prilocaine = Lignocaine = Mepivacain... | Anaesthesia | null |
c5b3a14a-e4b8-4302-a59f-4fa1939652ae | Which of the following drugs should be given in sustained release oral dosage form? | An anti-arrhythmic drug with a plasma half life of 10 seconds used for acute treatment of PSVT | An anti-inflammatory drug with a plasma half life of 24 hr | A hypnotic drug with a plasma half life of 2 hours | An antihypeensive with a plasma half life of 3 hours | 3d | single | Sustained release preparation are used for prolonged duration of action of drug . So, used when drug has sho half life and when we require the action of drug for longer duration. Anti-hypeensive drug are used for lifelong. So, sustained release preparations are required. Anti-arrhythmic drugs used in treatment of PSVT ... | Pharmacology | Hypeension, Arrhythmias, Dyslipidemia |
9d121d43-551c-4561-869b-08f2757051ad | Avascular necrosis may be seen in all of the following, except | Scapula | Head of femur | Upper end of humerus | Body of Talus | 0a | multi | Common Site of Avascular necrosisCauseHead and femurFracture neck femur (Subcapital)Posterior dislocation of hipProximal pole of scaphoidFracture through waist of scaphoidBody of talusFracture neck of talusProximal pole of lunateLunate dislocation*Other sites of common AVN are Distal medial condyle, Humeral head, Capit... | Anatomy | All India exam |
f4686c11-7ff6-4f34-abf2-625e405848fe | A child presents with infective skin lesion of the leg culture was done which showed gram+ve cocci in chains which where hemolytic colonies. The test to confirm the organism is - | Bile solubility | Optochin sensitivity | Bacitracin sensitivity | Catalase positive | 2c | single | null | Microbiology | null |
59a170ce-9306-4168-8915-7668054fa294 | Which antiepileptic drug is least secreted in breast milk - | Ethosuximide | Clonazepam | Gabapentin | Carbamazepine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Clonazepam DrugBreast milk to plasma concentrationCarbamazepine0-69Clonazepam033Ethosuximide0-94Gabapentin0-7-1-3Lamotrigine0-057-1-47Phenobarbitone0-4-0-6Phenytoin018-0-45Primidone0-72Topiramate0-86-1-1Valproate0-42Zonisamide0-93 | Pharmacology | Epilepsy |
1fac3e83-55e5-428c-a7a0-32be9af1b3de | Therapeutic drug monitoring is done for all of the following drugs Except | Phenytoin | diclofenac | Tacrolimus | Cyclosporine | 1b | multi | TDM is not done for most commonly used drugs or safe drugs like paracetamol, diclofenac done for antiepileptic drugs, immunosuppressants, anticancer drugs, lithium Phenytoin- antiepileptic, cyclosporin, tacrolimus- immunosuppressants in the options not done for antihypeensives and BP can be measured clinically and easi... | Pharmacology | General pharmacology |
0eb972a7-c63c-42d7-bcf6-d28f406b62e9 | β-blocker with additional α-blocking property is | Propranolol | Timolol | Metoprolol | Labetalol | 3d | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
078d4e1b-53ab-411f-a8c5-0e6409e1464b | The following methods can be used to detect the point mutation in the beta globin gene that causes sickle cell anemia, EXCEPT: | Polymerase chain reaction with allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization | Southern blot analysis | DNA sequencing | Nohern blot analysis | 3d | multi | Point mutation involves the replacement of a single base nucleotide with another nucleotide of the gene. Point mutations in the beta globin gene can be identified by analysing the DNA. Nohern blot is a technique used in studying the RNA and hence the answer of exclusion. Ref: Introduction to Biotechnology By Thieman Wi... | Biochemistry | null |
964e9fa9-0a35-47d9-882b-80a88bc79efc | Cranial irradiation is also indicated in the treatment of which variety of lung cancer? | Squamous cell carcinoma | Non small cell cancer | Small cell cancer | Adenocarcinoma | 2c | multi | Small cell lung cancers or oat cell carcinomas, exhibits aggressive behavior, with rapid growth, early spread to distant sites, exquisite sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation, and frequent association with distinct paraneoplastic syndromes. Surgery usually plays no role in its management. Widespread metastases occ... | Radiology | null |
440b4ac4-11b7-4662-83dc-45a8644c7e1b | The disease most likely to result In presents of emotional contact is | Measles | Typhoid | SSPE | All of above | 0a | multi | The poal of entry of measles virus is through the respiratory tract or conjunctivae following contact with large droplets or small-droplet aerosols in which the virus is suspended. Reference: Nelson textbook of pediatrics 19th edition.Page 1070 | Pediatrics | Infectious disease |
632ce13b-9447-4f89-93af-147da80a4ed5 | All of the following are signs of chronic liver failure, Except: | Palmer erythema | Spider nevi | Testicular atrophy | Subcutaneous nodules | 3d | multi | Answer is D (Subcutaneous nodules): Subcutaneous nodules are generally not seen as stigmata of chronic liver disease. Chronic Liver Disease manifests with loss of subcutaneous fatty tissue resulting in paper thin skin with marked folds (paper-money skin). | Medicine | null |
6d8abf23-31fc-4b89-b8f1-c0098f3c2d18 | Immediate management of a child with foreign body inhalation is - | IPPV | Bronchoscopy | Tracheostomy | Exploratory Thoracotomy | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bronchoscopy Treatment of aspirated foreign body A) Treatment of foreign body in upper respiratory tract. o If obstruction is complete --> Immediate intervention. o If obstruction is paial --> Patients should allow to use their own cough reflex to extrude the foreign body --> If it fails than interven... | Pediatrics | null |
63aa8e57-1604-4567-be91-2762f7673b53 | Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is seen most commonly in which age group - | Infants | Adolescents | Old age | Childhood | 1b | single | Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) occurs during adolescent rapid growth period when epiphysis plate is weak & the capital epiphysis is displaced down & back. * Etiology : age - 10-17years of age Sex- male : female - 5:2 Location: left hip is involved in 58% of the cases *stages 1. Preslipping stage 2.chronic sli... | Orthopaedics | Pediatric orthopedics |
49f24a91-cf58-48a4-93a1-b818c9fe3694 | All are true about vitamin E except ? | Act as antioxidant | Prevent lipid peroxidation of cell membrane | Water soluble vitamin | Chemically tocopheral | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Water soluble vitamin Vitamin E is a fat soluble vitamin (not water soluble). All other options are correct. | Biochemistry | null |
15df4505-74e7-45db-a637-75df458c5e71 | Contents of the suboccipital triangle are formed by all of the following structures, EXCEPT: | Veebral aery | Suboccipital nerve | Greater occipital nerve | Lesser occipital nerve | 3d | multi | The contents of the suboccipital triangle are veebral aery, suboccipital nerve and greater occipital nerve.The suboccipital triangle is the area in the suboccipital region between the rectus capitis posterior major and the obliquus capitis superior and inferior muscles. It is covered by a layer of dense fibro-fatty tis... | Anatomy | null |
c12899ab-803e-43df-97e7-90da885a75ad | Common Facial vein is formed by the union of | Anterior facial and posterior facial veins | Anterior facial and posterior auricular veins | Anterior facial and maxillary veins | Anterior facial and anterior branch of the posterior facial vein | 3d | single | The scalp on each side of the midline is drained by five veins. The veins of the scalp accompany the arteries and have similar names. These are as follows:
Supratrochlear and supraorbital veins: They join each other at the medial angle of the eye to form the angular vein, which continues downwards as the facial vein b... | Anatomy | null |
f8982c34-17d6-4ffe-991f-912d2fb9d541 | Branches of brachial aery are all EXCEPT:- | Profunda brachii | Superior ulnar collateral | Inferior ulnar collateral | Radial collateral | 3d | multi | Radial collateral aery is anterior descending branch of the profunda brachii aery, not a direct branch of brachial aery. | Anatomy | Upper limb : Miscellaneous |
fce378d3-c6ad-42a3-bd96-8da5b7b06c51 | During which phase of the cell cycle the cellular content of DNA is doubled - | Mitotic phase | G1 phase | G2 phase | S phase | 3d | single | There are two resting phases and two active phases in the cycle.
Resting phases → G1 & G2
Active phases
S-phase (synthetic phase) - As the name suggests, synthesis of new DNA takes place, i.e. doubling of DNA occurs.
M-phase (mitotic phase) - Mitosis takes place and the daughter cells receive one copy of DNA. In this... | Pathology | null |
a1dd1af2-3e95-43e1-810d-d9ed305fad0d | Pancreatic pseudocyst most commonly occurs after ? | Trauma | Pancreatitis | Pancreatic surgery | Pancreatic malignancy | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Pancreatitis Most common cause of pancreatic pseudocyst is Pancreatitis (90%) The second most common cause is trauma (10%). Pseudocysts are seen in both acute and chronic pancreatitis. | Surgery | null |
681deac9-2c85-4ee2-9d3c-a59af17cc6b2 | Major epidemics are due to antigenic drift | Asymptomatic seen rarely | Incubation period 10-12 hrs | All ages and sex equally affected | Pandemic rare | 2c | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
8c3a9523-e068-4739-8112-442278ce8e2e | Disability adjusted life year (DALY) is a measure of ? | Life expectancy | Effectiveness of treatment | Quality of life | Human development | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Effectiveness of treatment Disability - adjusted life year (DALY) DALY is a measure of :- The burden of disease in a defined population The effectiveness of interventions It expresses years lost to premature death and years lived with disability adjusted for the severity of the disability. That means,... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
97562fb9-c62b-4bec-99f2-2850e396176a | A drug X is secreted through renal tubules, tubular secretion of this drug can be confirmed if renal clearance of drug X is: | More than the GFR | Equal to the GFR | Less than the GFR | More than volume of distribution | 0a | single | * After filtration from glomerulus, a drug may undergo two processes (tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion) before going out from the body i.e. renal clearance *Suppose 100 mg of a drug is filtered by glomerulus and the renal clearance is 150 mg, it means 50 mg is coming from somewhere else, i.e. tubular secretio... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
06a0be0c-7da0-49e7-a843-ae57131373ea | A 28-year-old woman presented with high-grade fever, cough, diarrhea and mental confusion for 4 days. X-ray chest revealed bilateral pneumonitis. Search for etiology will most likely reveal? | Streptococcus pneumonia | Staphylococcus aureus | Legionella pneumophila | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2c | single | The clinical profile of fever, cough and X-ray revealing bilateral pneumonitis and presence of diarrhea and confusion indicates the presence of Atypical pneumonia. The organism causing atypical pneumonia out of the given choices is Legionella pneumophila Confusion can be explained by hyponatremia due to SIADH. The clin... | Medicine | Pneumonia |
184cd6a6-a30e-4439-b4a0-0a37d4be1cdc | Not true about microtubules is/are: | Dynamic instability | Polarity | Charged | GTP not required | 3d | multi | D i.e. GTP not required | Physiology | null |
6b08f887-55c4-4f6e-b66d-30e83d2441b5 | Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding vincristine | It is an alkaloid | Its use is associated with neurotoxicity | It does not cause alopecia | It is a useful drug for induction of remission in acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 2c | multi | Vincristine is a vinca alkaloid.
It is used for the induction of remission in ALL.
It is a marrow sparing drug but causes peripheral neuropathy, alopecia and SIADH as adverse effects. | Pharmacology | null |
d127dbab-e1b2-4a9f-8f58-931c2c0bc933 | Which of the following not a prion associated disease - | Srapie | Kuru | Creutzfeldt Jakob disease | Alzheimer's disease | 3d | single | scrapie,CJD&Kuru are prion disease REF:ANATHANARAYANAN MICROBIOLOGY NINTH EDITION PAGE.557 | Microbiology | Virology |
ecbcb786-c42b-4cae-8fea-2a4918e828b9 | Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, false is | Hypoglycemia | Fever | Leukocytosis | Altered mental status | 0a | multi | Answer- A. HypoglycemiaIt is an inflammatory state affecting the whole bodn frequently a response of the immune system to infection, but not necessarily so.When two or more of these criteria are met with or without evidence of infection -Body temperature less than 36 c greater than 38 CHea rate greater than 90 beats pe... | Pathology | null |
c09dfbd6-7f27-473f-b937-33902eafe06b | Neuraminidase inhibitor ? | Oseltamivir | Amantadine | Enfuviide | Formivirsen | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Oseltamivir Oseltamivir acts by inhibiting influenza virus neuraminidase enzyme which is needed for release of progeny virions from the infected cell. | Pharmacology | null |
29b70167-7b41-4cf9-b6f4-73e646d88352 | The recent treatment of sho bridle passable stricture of urethra in the penile and bulbous urethra is | Internal urethrotomy with Thompson-Walker's urethrotome | Optical internal urethrotomy | Syme's operation | Wheelhouse operation | 1b | single | Endoscopic (internal) urethrotomy Internal urethrotomy is performed using the optical urethrotome. The stricture is cut under visual control using a knife passed through the sheath of a rigid urethroscope. The stricture is usually cut at the 12 o'clock position, taking care not to cut too deeply into the vascular space... | Surgery | Urology |
eaa5d92e-e4eb-4216-97e0-e4fd43dd4e46 | CD8 antigen is present on | T helper cells | B cells | T suppressor cells | Macrophages | 2c | single | CD4 antigen is present on t helper cells Cd8 antigen on T suppressor cells CD8 cells recognize MHC class I antigens Ref: Textbook of Microbiology Baveja 5th ed Pg 135 | Microbiology | Immunology |
1c84989b-784c-49a8-8af9-fecd15ac5200 | Hemolytic disease of newborn is least common with which blood group female - | A | B | 0 | AB | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., OABO incompatibility has a protective effect to the development of Rh sensitization and thus the development of hemolytic disease of newborn | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
42728737-f7c7-4923-8d22-faab65c2bae5 | Primary spermatocytes, chromoso me is - | 23-X | 23-Y | 46-XY | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 46-XY Secondary spermatocyte (Haploid -23)-Spermatid(Haploid-23)Spermatogonia - Primary spermatocyteDiploid-46)(Diploid-46)Secondary spermatocyte (Haploid-23)-Spermatid(Haploid-23) | Physiology | Sex Hormones |
3a8b6843-e303-49f2-9f5c-652c2f9f57ca | Chlamydia Trachomatis, false is | Elementary body is metabolically active | It is biphasic | Reticulate body divides by binary fission | Inside the cell it evades phagolysosome | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Elementary body is metabolically active Chlamydiae is a gram negative bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasitesThey require the host's ATP as an energy source for their own metabolism. They have a cell membrane transport system that takes on ATP from the host cell and then return backs an ADP.... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
f88227ca-5cfc-4894-aba7-8d6c4dcbefcd | All of the following statements are true, except | Infective endocarditis can develop large friable vegetations | Non Bacterial thrombotic endocarditis develops in DIC | Vegetations of Infective endocarditis occurs on both surfaces of cusps | All of the above | 2c | multi | Optic C is true for libman - sacks endocarditis seen in SLE. Refer the byte "Vegetations in Endocarditis". | Pathology | null |
6a225a5e-50f3-43b1-86b4-735557c8b8cd | Migraine prophylaxis includes: | Verapamil | Valproate | Amitryptiline | All of the above | 3d | multi | Trick: Very Volatile Pharma Agent For Migraine Prophylaxis
V → Verapamil
V → Valproate
P → Pizotifen
A → Amitryptiline
F → Flunarizine
M → Methylsergide
P → Propranolol | Medicine | null |
38684780-f0fd-44a3-b859-7e7cd6fd6548 | A patient with Lefort-II, Lefort-III and nasoethmoidal fracture with intermaxillary fixation done is best intubated by: | Nasal | Oral | Submental | All of the above | 2c | multi | null | Surgery | null |
3a35e70b-7ce6-42b1-85ab-25ee1be89659 | Ritgen maneuver is done in | Shoulder dystocia | For delivery of head in breech presentation | For delivery of legs in breech | For delivery of head in normal labour | 3d | single | Ritgen manuever is done for delivery of head in normal labor to allow controlled delivery of head. When the head distends the vulva and perineum enough to open the vaginal introitus to a diameter of 5cn of more , a towel is drapled ,gloved hand may be used to exe forward pressure on the chin of fetus through the perine... | Anatomy | General obstetrics |
06771210-909a-4361-a099-549b30cc1535 | Putting profit ahead of health as a cause of disease is provided by theory of sociology | Marxist theory | Feminist theory | Parsonian theory | Foucauldian theory | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
b3da4536-6f78-4558-8b11-e7e545d56e04 | One year old male child presented with poor urinary stream since bih. The investigation of choice for evaluation is - | Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) | USG bladder | Intravenous urography | Uroflowmetry | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Voiding cystourethrography o Poor urinary stream since bih suggests urinary tract obstruction (usually infravesical). o Most common cause of urinary tract obstruction in a male child is posterior urethral valve. o And the best diagnostic method for posterior urethral valve is voiding cystourethrogram. | Pediatrics | null |
96214f71-a277-44d9-a66e-d4cba1555a82 | A 6 year old mentally retarded male child patient presents with hepatosplenomegaly, coarse facial features, corneal clouding, large tongue, prominent forehead, joint stiffness, short stature and skeletal dysplasia. What is the enzyme deficient in this patient? | Iduronate sulfatase | β-Galactosidase | α-L- Iduronidase | β-Glucuronidase | 2c | multi | Mucopolysaccharidosis-I H (Hurler’s Disease):
Biochemical defect:
Homozygous or double heterozygous nonsense mutation of IDUA gene on Chromosome 4p encoding α-L-Iduronidase.
Clinical features of MPS I H (Hurler’s Disease):
Progressive disorder with multiple organ and tissue involvement that results in premature death,... | Biochemistry | null |
fef017c3-afd7-486b-98cd-b8c6f136f8b7 | Muscle which is not there in a modiolus: | Depressor anguli oris. | Buccinator. | Zygomaticus major. | Zygomaticus minor. | 3d | single | Modiolus is a point where eight muscles meet at the ANGLE OF MOUTH
1. Depressor anguli oris (or) triangularis
2. Levator anguli oris or caninus
3. Risorius
4. Orbicularis oris
5. Buccinator
6. Zygomaticus major
7. Quadratus labii superioris
8. Quadratus labii inferioris | Dental | null |
111ef539-29e1-40bf-bafa-5bdc044008af | SAFE strategy for Trachoma includes all of the following except: | Screening | Antibiotic | Face wash | Environmental improvement | 0a | multi | A i.e. Screening | Ophthalmology | null |
5c9140f9-974d-42eb-9513-38b0cb486cd0 | Dissection of which aery is seen in pregnancy - | Carotid aery | Aoa | Coronary A | Femoral aery | 1b | single | Answer is 'b' i.e. Aoa | Surgery | null |
123b0bbc-1736-4009-af8c-b57c3688bcf5 | All of the follow ing are diaphyseal tumors except- | Ewings sarcoma | Histiocytosis | Fibrosarcoma | Aneurysmal bone cyst | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Aneurysmal bone cyst Sites of tumorsEpiphyseal tumorsMetaphyseal legionsDianhvseai lesionso Chondroblastomao Giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma)o Clear cell chondrosarcomao Osteogenic sarcomao Unicameral (simple) bone cysto Aneuiysmal bone cysto Fibrous cortical defecto Chondrosarcomao Osteochondromao En... | Orthopaedics | Classification of Bone Tumors |
d6e838e0-5cc0-423c-9361-9a8cca679b28 | Which of the following acts as an antagonist to NMDA receptor? | Ketamine | Spermine | Muscimol | Baclofen | 0a | single | Ketamine is a general anesthetic agent which acts by blocking excitatory NMDA type of glutamate receptors. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
a8c6b4da-a855-41f4-982d-47e9d87a4dce | Which does not contribute to Enterobillary Fistula ? | Duodenal ulcer | Gall stones | Gastric ulcer | Carcinoma gall bladder | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Gastric ulcer | Surgery | null |
d42cc2ff-3742-4468-842a-52445b029cdc | Atomoxetine is used for ? | Nocturnal enuresis | ADHD | Temper tantrums | Patent ductusaeriosus | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., ADHD Atomoxetine it is selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and is approved for use in ADHD. It is indicated in children > 6 years and in adults with concentration and attention problems. Atomoxetine absorbed orally, hydroxylated by CYP2D6 and excreted in urine, mainly as glucuronide. While maj... | Pharmacology | null |
4767f2aa-baf1-4500-8e57-dc7eb329f76a | Which drug can be administered through all routes? | Fentanyl | Paracetamol | Penicillin G | Azithromycin | 0a | multi | Ref: Katzung 11th ed. p. 542Explanation:Most opioid analgesics are well absorbed when given by subcutaneous, intramuscular, and oral routes.Rectal suppositories of morphine and hydromorphone have been used when oral and parenteral routes are undesirable.The transderma I patch provides stable blood levels of drug and be... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
6fe0d6a1-cc5c-4975-98ba-77700d6f31fa | Charcot's/neuropathic joint are most commonly seen in | Diabetes Mellitus | Spyringomyelia | Leprosy | Rheumatic Ahritis | 0a | single | . | Surgery | Trauma |
fbdd21ee-79e4-4707-8fbf-3993b25df747 | A 24 year old man falls on the ground when he is struck in the right temple by a baseball. While being driven to the hospital, he lapses into coma. He is unresponsive with the dilated right pupil when he reaches the emergency department. The most important step in initial management is - | Craniotomy | CT scan of the head | X-ray of the skull and cervical spine | Doppler ultrasound examination of the neck | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
1376f1d6-d83d-4b31-ac2f-11242cbb8473 | Most variable absorption is seen with which route? | Oral | Intramscular | Intravenous | Per rectal | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Oral Oral administration of drugs is safe, convenient and economical, but has the potential for the most variable absorption pattern. Clinical pharmacology Routes of drug administration Drugs are administered by various routes. Different routes have different characteristics, so that the route of admi... | Pharmacology | null |
3bec9792-8ad2-4368-a65e-e86fff905631 | Pain during injection occurs with all Except | Propofol | Thiopentone | Ketamine | Etomidate | 2c | multi | Ketamine is the only intravenous inducing agent that does not cause pain on injectionAgentPain on iv injectionThiopentoneMethohexitonePropofolEtomidateKetamine+/0++++++0 | Anaesthesia | All India exam |
1e88f345-94d7-4a08-a6db-fefa6b71fe8b | Which variety of AML is associated with good prognosis - | MO | M3 | M6 | M7 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., M3 Prognostic factors in AMLGood PrognosisBad Prognosiso Age < 40 yearso Age < 2 years or > 55 yearso M2, M3, M4 forms of AMLo M0, M6, M7 FORMS OF AMLo Blast cell with Auer rodso Complex karyotypeso TLC <25x109/Lo TLC> 100 x 109/Lo t (15;17), t (8;21), inv 16o Deletions 5q, 7q (Monosomy 5 or 7)o Leuke... | Pathology | Lukemia |
9bbfbe9b-5d44-4c4b-a898-7dd1d63bfbb1 | Muscle not having dual nerve supply | Digastric | Thyrohyoid | Trapezius | Adductor magnus | 1b | single | Anterior belly of digastric is supplied by the trigeminal nerve and posterior belly by facial nerve Spinal accesory nerve and c3,c4 nerves supply Trapezius Ischial pa of sciatic nerve and the obturator nerve supply adductor magnus Ref: Gray's 39e/p112-127 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
3c34d08c-f68a-461a-b3a8-2e19b9733efe | Clinical features of T.B. Spine are AJE - | Loss of lordosis | Night sweats | Weight gain | Evening rise of temperature | 2c | single | There is weight loss (not gain).
The presenting complains are : -
Back pain : Commonest and earliest symptom. Initially, pain occurs on the sudden movement of the spine.
The stiffness of back : Is also an early symptom and occur along with pain.
Visible deformity: Gibbus or Kyphosis
Localized swelling : Due to ... | Orthopaedics | null |
f7c1b902-a525-4b6f-8186-1753ec79db14 | Inheritance pattern of ABO blood group system and HLA system | Pseudodominance | Autosomal dominant | Autosomal recessive | Codominant | 3d | single | "The genes that determine the A and B phenotypes are found on chromosome 9p and are expressed in a Mendelian codominant manner." | Pathology | All India exam |
41492ae9-1628-40e6-9c26-d9aaa56d682f | Paroxymal sneezing on getting up early in morning from bed is associated with ? | Vasomotor rhinitis | Perineal rhinitis | Seasonal rhinitis | Allergic rhinitis | 0a | multi | Vasomotor Rhinitis It is a non allergic rhinitis clinically simulating nasal allergy. Symptoms Paroxysmal sneezing : Bouts of sneezing sta just after getting out of the bed in the morning. Excessive rhinorrhoea : This accompanies sneezing and may be the only predominant symptom. It is profuse and watery and may even we... | ENT | null |
df082dfc-9274-4b19-bc92-844e8180ae0d | A young male patient presented with UTI. On urine examination pus cells were found but no organisms. Which method would be best for culture? | Mc Coy culture | Thayer Main medium | L.J medium | Levinthal medium | 0a | single | Sterile pyuria -caused by Chlamydia , ureaplasma and mycoplasma. McCoy culture is used for Chlamydia. Thayer Main - Neisseria gonorrhea. L J medium - Mycobacterium tuberculosis Levinthal medium - Hemophilus | Microbiology | All India exam |
9d7c41ca-86e9-4be5-a227-2d941ada5981 | In the life cycle of malaria parasite, the definitive host is - | Mosquito | Man | Pig | Sandly | 0a | single | Life history of plasmodium The malaria parasite undergoes 2 cycles of development the human cycle (asexual cycle) and the mosquito cycle (sexual cycle). Man is the intermediate host and mosquito the definitive host Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 281-285 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
fad62936-b769-4009-80a0-d866c1ef3e8a | What is this study? | Retrograde Pyelogram | Ultrasound | X Ray KUB | Contrast CT KUB | 0a | single | Retrograde ureterogram demonstrating the collecting system. The radiolucent filling defect in the renal pelvis is caused by radiolucent calculus | Surgery | Urology |
720caea5-273d-490c-8b9d-5349a9f1773b | Maximum number of oogonia is seen at | Puberty | 20th week of gestation | At birth | 20 years age | 1b | single | Maximal number of oogonia is achieved at 20th week of gestation. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e7f110dd-490f-4dc6-aea0-8de386030ba1 | All of the following are functions of the spleen EXCEPT ? | Clearance of damaged or aged red blood cells (RBCs) from the blood. | Extramedullary site for hematopoiesis and recycling iron. | Initiation of adaptive immune response from filtration of lymph. | Clearance of encapsulated bacteria from the bloodstream. | 2c | multi | Functions of spleen:- 1. Phagocytic function -- when any foreign body invades, macrophages ingest them by phagocytosis & liberate the antigenic products of the organism -- antigens activate the helper T lymphocytes & B lymphocytes 2. Secretion of bactericidal agents -- secrete many bactericidal agents which kill the ba... | Surgery | Spleen |
e47aa61f-6d01-4d6e-90f8-981c300f587c | Sandifer syndrome due to GERD in infants is confused with __________ | Seizures | Recurrent vomiting | Acute otitis media | Sinusitis | 0a | single | Infants with GERD presents with anorexia, dysphagia, arching of back during feedings, irritability, hematemesis, anaemia, failure to thrive.other symptoms are chest pain, recurrent pneumonia apnoea, wheezing, stridor, hoarseness, cough, abnormal neck posturing(Sandifer syndrome) Sandifer syndrome is most commonly mista... | Pediatrics | Gastrointestinal tract |
69766fe0-3460-468a-895e-f71a5ddb0bb9 | Witches chin is not associated with? | Ptosis of mentalis muscle | Long term edentulous mandible without denture | Loss of muscle attachment | Increased vertical dimensions | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
e48b1f0e-cbab-4226-b64f-f388379cbfcd | Inferior orbital fissure is between which 2 walls of orbit: | Roof and medial | Lateral and floor | Floor and medial | Roof and lateral | 1b | multi | Inferior orbital fissure is formed between the greater wing of the sphenoid (lateral wall) and maxilla (Floor)runs posterolaterally It transmits the zygomatic branch of the maxillary nerve and the ascending branches from the pterygopalatine ganglion The infraorbital vessels are found in the inferior orbital fissure and... | Ophthalmology | Ocular Embryology& Anatomy |
48244b6c-2101-43aa-a695-7887c2120c1c | In a family, mother is normal while father has a genetic disease. All their daughters are carriers and sons are normal, what is the pattern of inheritance of disease? | X-linked recessive | X-linked dominant | AD | AR | 0a | multi | a. X-linked recessive(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 595, Ghai 8/e p 640)In a X-linked recessive disease; affected male transmits the disorder to all his daughters (carriers)Sons get their X chromosome from their mother & not from their fatherHence sons of a diseased father are unaffected in X-linked diseasesIn an X-linked domin... | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders |
c9dd7ab8-ba64-4c05-9765-a3e69e38da5c | The blood gas parameters: pH 7.58, pCo2 23 mm Hg pO2 300 mm Hg and oxygen saturation 60% are most consistent with- | Carbon monoxide poisoning | Ventilatory malfunction | Voluntary hyperventilation | Methyl alcohol poisoning | 1b | single | Answer is B (Ventilatory malfunction) Ventilatory malfunction is the single best answer of exclusion This is consistent with a diagnosis of ventilatory mal function. None of the other three condition satisfy the given parameters of the patients. The answer of exclusion therefore is some form of ventilatory malfunction.... | Medicine | null |
b7771f49-a3ca-4678-a990-a3d3d52e0a71 | A 21 year old male presents with anemia and mild hepatosplenomegaly. His hemoglobin is 5 gm/dit, history of single blood transfusion is present till date. Most probable diagnosis is - | Thalassemia major | Thalassemia minor | Thalassemia intermedia | Autoimmune hemolytic anemia | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
018d6239-9661-4d5d-995c-325f670406c9 | Cause of alpha thalasemia - | Deletion of alpha genes | Deletion of beta genes | Excess of alpha genes | Single amino acid substitution in alpha chain | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Deletion of alpha genes a thalassemiasAlpha thalassemias are hemoglobin disorders in which the a chain of the hemoglobin is not/partly synthesized. a chains are required for all types of hemoglobin synthesis of all types of hemoglobin i.e.HbA (a2 b2)HbF (a2 g2)* HbA2 (a2d2) | Medicine | Thalassemia |
5319d11b-e13f-4a02-a642-b145a0236422 | Which of the following is/are feature of streptococcus agalactiae rather than staphylococcus aureus? | Catalase positive | Bacitracin resistant | Coagulase negative | a hemolysis | 2c | single | C. Coagulase negativeb hemolysis and bacitracin resistance occur in bothStaphylococcus AureusCoagulase Positive: Ananthanarayan Whf2l0Beta type of hemolyisis on blood agar-Microbiology by Baveja 5th/175"Streptococci- coagulase negative" Ananthanarayan lQ7h/218 "Lancefield group B consists of a single species, S. agalac... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
5c889b9f-b899-4dc2-a52c-8037c1cbc3a8 | A neonate diagnosed of having pentalogy of Fallot. She may have the following lesions: | TOF + PDA | TOF + ASD | TOF + COA | TOF + Polysplenia | 1b | multi | Patients with tetralogy of Fallot have a VSD, RV infundibular stenosis, RVH, and a dilated aoa (in about 50% of patients it overrides the septum). If there is an associated ASD, the complex is referred to as pentalogy of Fallot. Ref: Bashore T.M., Granger C.B., Hranitzky P., Patel M.R. (2013). Chapter 10. Hea Disease. ... | Pediatrics | null |
54909ad0-33a0-4ec3-bed6-6f32c4bfc746 | Methadone is used to treat withdrawal symptoms of: PGI 12; NEET 13 | Cocaine | Heroin | Amphetamine | Barbiturate | 1b | single | Ans. Heroin | Forensic Medicine | null |
4eb4b60d-432b-408b-9051-957f16f8f94e | Carbamoyl phosphate synthase I is used in ? | Purine synthesis | Pyrimidine synthesis | Urea cycle | Uronic acid pathway | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Urea cycleCarbamyl phosphate synthase I Urea cycleCarbamyl phosphate synthase II- Pyrimidine synthesis | Biochemistry | null |
b71e733b-0d95-408c-8bea-3f89a8e77f44 | In which of the following types of leukemia is methotrexate administered for CNS prophylaxis - | ALL | AML | CLL | CML | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
8535272d-d38e-4e83-80a5-78df3628bbb3 | Features of Mitral stenosis on X-ray are all EXCEPT: | Double contour of right border | Lifting of left mainbronchus | Splaying of carinal angle | Lower lobe prominence of veins | 3d | multi | Lower lobe prominence of veins REF: Sutton's radiology 7th edition page 294 Features of mitral stenosis on X ray: Straightening of hea border (earliest sign ) Lifting of left bronchus Posterior displacement of esophagus Double atrial shadow Alveolar edema Kerly B lines Pulmonary hemosiderosis Cephalisation of upper lob... | Radiology | null |
2bb12dc9-9cd8-40a1-81bb-f89f7f6a1784 | Medical etiquette is related to | Moral principles followed by doctors | Legal responsibilities of doctors | Couesy observed between doctors | Rules to be followed by doctors | 2c | single | Medical etiquette:- It deals with the conventional laws of couesy observed between members of the medical profession. A doctor should behave with his colleagues as he would have them behave with himself. Medical jurisprudence (juris= law; prudentia = knowledge):- It deals with legal responsibilities of the physician wi... | Forensic Medicine | Medico legal procedures |
d162a2c2-a04e-47f6-be8f-dc0683652afd | Because free ammonia in the blood is toxic to the body, it is transported in which of the following non-toxic forms? | Histidine and urea | Phenylalanine and methionine | Glutamine and urea | Lysine and glutamine | 2c | single | Ans. C. Glutamine and ureaBoth urea and glutamine play an important role in the storage and transport of ammonia in the blood. Histidine, phenylalanine, methionine, and lysine are not involved in ammonia transport. | Physiology | Misc. |
22784de7-ffb3-45a2-8b70-763f4766e60a | Which one of the following structures is pa of the diencephalon? | Caudate nucleus | Cerebral hemispheres | Hippocampus | Thalamus | 3d | single | Diencephalon consist of:- Thalamus Hypothalamus Meta-thalamus-include medial and lateral geniculate body Epi-thalamus-include Pineal body, Habenular trigone and post. commisure Sub-thalamus | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy 3 |
dea5fd60-fe6f-4171-9051-3b758b4e6db7 | One of the most common complication of iridocyclitis is: | Scleritis | Secondary glaucoma | Band-shaped keratopathy | Corneal ulcer | 1b | single | Ans. Secondary glaucoma | Ophthalmology | null |
84634856-263b-4566-b83b-447234430c6a | About retinitis pigmentosa, all are true EXCEPT: September 2012 | Ring scotoma | Central scotoma | Waxy pallor of disc | Bone spicule pigmentation in retina | 1b | multi | Ans. B i.e. Central scotoma Retinitis pigmentosa Feature: Loss of visual acuity Microscopy: Irregular black deposits of clumped pigment in the peripheral retina (Bone spicules) | Ophthalmology | null |
329bff24-9d23-417b-9ecf-5f644a5205d8 | Most common carcinoma after burns is: | Squamous cell carcinoma | Adenocarcinoma | Melanoma | Mucoid carcinoma | 0a | single | Squamous cell carcinoma is MC carcinoma in burns. SCC commonly occurs in long standing ( Marjolin's ulcer) , old scar or keloid. Both Marjolin's ulcer & keloid are complications that arise after burns | Surgery | Burns |
74f62b3e-b936-4d9b-abe9-15a0510ee2e4 | Which of the following cells do not act as antigen presenting cells. ?- | T-cells | B-cells | Macrophages | Osteoclasts | 0a | single | Answer is option 1 T cell responses differ from B cell responses in at least two crucial ways. First, T cells are activated by foreign antigen to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells only when the antigen is displayed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells in peripheral lymphoid organs. The T cells res... | Pathology | General pathology |
ff4fa443-2059-4f45-8528-52294e33e624 | Commonest cause of obstructive hydrocephalus in children | Acqueductal stenosis | Aquaductal gliosis | Subarachnoid hemorrhage | Tubercular meningitis | 0a | single | Aqueducts stenosis is most common cause of obstructive hydrocephalus in children. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | Pediatrics | Central Nervous system |
3c8e7bec-2dc7-4add-a915-3e15a0de0444 | Characteristic feature of acute inflammation is: | Vasoconstriction | Vascular stasis | Vasodilatation and increased vascular permeability | Margination of leucocytes | 2c | single | . Vasodilatation and increased vascular permeability | Pathology | null |
5b89b09f-ff36-427b-a810-c00d9372cefb | According to FIGO classification the investigation in Carcinoma cervix are all except - | X-Ray Chest | IVP | Pelvic ultrasound | Cystoscopy | 2c | multi | Ans-C | Unknown | null |
777e4501-6a4a-418c-8059-d38880722d15 | Most specific marker for neural tube defects is | Alpha-fetoprotein | Unconjugated estriol | Acetylcholinesterase | Pseudocholinesterase | 2c | single | Both alpha-fetoprotein and acetylcholinesterase in amniotic fluid are markers for neural tube defects. But acetylcholinesterase is the most specific marker. Ref : Dutta book of obstetrics 8th Ed | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
110d1286-fd91-4349-a698-29a20b59deee | The most dreadful complication of Kawasaki disease is | Rash | Lymph node | Cardiac involvement | Thrombocytosis | 2c | single | Kawasaki disease is an acute, febrile, usually self-limited illness of infancy and childhood (80% of the patients are younger than 4 years of age) associated with an aeritis of mainly large to medium-sized vessels. Its clinical significance stems from the involvement of coronary aeries. Coronary aeritis can cause aneur... | Pathology | Cardiovascular system |
780d95aa-a1de-4707-80e1-929d341a928d | Anaplasia is: | Changing one type of epithelium to another | Nuclear chromatin | Lack of differentiation | Morphological changes | 2c | single | Ans. c. Lack of differentiationRef: Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease 9th Ed; Page No-269Cellular ChangesHyperplasia: Increase in number of cells. May be a risk factor for future malignancy (e.g. to endometrial hyperplasia) but not considered premalignant.Hypertrophy: Increase in size of cells.Atrophy: Dec... | Pathology | Neoplasia |
bace2c54-6e9c-41be-a415-3e72d4de49c4 | Which of the following is not an indication ofcotrimoxazole aEUR' | >Lower UTI | >Prostatitis | >Chancroid | >Typhoid | 2c | single | Chancroid Corimoxazole in Typhoid Initially cotrimoxazole was an effective alternative to chloramphenicol. However, in many areas resistant S. typhi have appeared and now it is seldom used. Cotrimoxazole in chancroid Corimoxazole for 7 days is a 3rd choice inexpensive alternative to ceftriaxone, erythromycin or iproflo... | Pharmacology | null |
5f0ac119-9f7f-4fdf-b90e-29b444333045 | Relationship between nerve thickness and conduction velocity of myelinated nerves is: | Linear | Parabolic | Hyperbolic | No relation | 0a | single | Fiber diameter (thickness) and conduction velocity relationship: The relationship is linear for myelinated axons and parabolic relation for nonmyelinated axons. | Physiology | null |
2b5ac590-8591-41a5-9f78-b5544593fe91 | A six-year old boy is schedules for examination of the eye under anaesthesia. The father informed that for the past six months the child is developing progressive weakness of both legs. His elder sibling had died at the age of 14 years. Which drug would you definitely avoid during the anaeshetic management? | Succinylcholine | Thiopentone | Nitrous oxide | Vecuronium | 0a | multi | A i.e. Succinylcholine Boy is having some myopathy (probably duchenne's). So Sch may lead to life threatening hyperkalemia. | Anaesthesia | null |
d4780a29-50c5-4455-a5f0-06545f0bef33 | 'hn RNA' is associated with which of the following heamatological condition? | a - Thalassemia | Sickle cell anaemia | B - Thalassemia | None | 2c | multi | hn RNA is seen in case of splicing defect. It is also seen in spiral muscular atropy. | Biochemistry | null |
5d2df81e-9e1f-4701-947e-7750ef5c79cf | Virchow's cells are seen in – | Henoch scholein purpura | Toxic Epidermal necrolysis | Congenital syphilis | Leprosy | 3d | single | Foam cells containing lepra bacilli are called virchow's cells (lepra cells). These cells are abundant in lepromatous leprosy. | Dental | null |
44bf519a-c799-4707-a4dc-10fd6e4349c6 | Following statements are true with respect to glycogen except | Principle storage of carbohydrate in the human body is glycogen | Liver and muscle are the main sites of glycogen storage | Produced by glycogenesis | Insulin stimulates glycogenolysis | 3d | multi | Insulin inhibits glycogenolysis by oring the inactivation of glycogen phosphorylase and inhibiting glucose-6-phosphatase. The net effect of all these three mechanisms, blood glucose level is lowered.Ref: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 321 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
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