id stringlengths 36 36 | question stringlengths 1 1.57k | opa stringlengths 1 287 | opb stringlengths 1 287 | opc stringlengths 1 286 | opd stringlengths 1 301 | cop class label 4
classes | choice_type stringclasses 2
values | exp stringlengths 1 22.5k ⌀ | subject_name stringclasses 21
values | topic_name stringlengths 3 135 ⌀ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1d50bde8-e79f-4f6b-a02c-5d510257d4ad | A VDRL reactive mother gave bih to an infant. All of the following would help in determining the risk of transmission to the infant, Except | TPHA test on the serum sample of the mother | TPHA test on the serum sample of the infant | VDRL on the paired serum sample of the infant and mother | Time interval between the treatment of the mother and her delivery | 1b | multi | Positive TPHA mother is responsible for transmission of infection to the infant In infants, no test (even TPHA) can show the difference between asymptomatic infected and noninfected. VDRL -- detect antibody titer raised in both infants and mother suggests the transmission 4 weeks before delivery treatment should be com... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
1fefc27f-ddd6-4f6d-b2e9-35e828c30dc7 | The components of the respiratory control pattern generator is responsible for automatic respiration. Pacemaker regulating the rate of respiration is: | Pneumotaxic centre | Dorsal group of nucleus | Apneustic centre | Pre-Botzinger Complex | 3d | single | Rhythmic respiration is initiated by a small group of synaptically coupled pacemaker cells in the pre-Botzinger complex (pre-BOTC) on either side of the medulla between the nucleus ambiguus and the lateral reticular nucleus. These neurons discharge rhythmically, and they produce rhythmic discharges in phrenic motor neu... | Physiology | null |
6077d7db-8c4d-45fe-ac3b-d22b71909045 | Mizuo phenomenon is seen in: | Fundus albipunctatus | Oguchi's disease | Fundus amaculateus | Choroidermia | 1b | single | Ans. b. Oguchi's disease Mizuo phenomenon is seen in Oguchi \ disease."In Oguchis disease the characteristic golden yellowish metallic sheen (color) of posterior pole (fundus) in light adapted state reverts to normal after prolonged dark adaptation, a phenomenon described by and named after Japanese ophthalmologist Miz... | Ophthalmology | Retina |
4d763287-175d-457c-a1ad-404b4d528d9d | Hypophosphatemia is seen in all except: | Acute renal failure | Resolving phases of diabetic ketocidosis | Respiratory alkalosis / COPD | Chronic alcoholism | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Acute renal failure): Renal insufficiency is associated with hyperphosphatemia due to impaired renal phosphate excretion. Acute renal failure: 'Mild Hyperphosphatemia is an almost invariable complication of Acute Renal Failure. Severe hyperphosphatemia may develop in highly catabolic patients or following ... | Medicine | null |
abf7c64f-4fd8-41ba-bdf1-279ead18a024 | Crepitus over skin of the swollen limb should ale on possibility of: KCET 13 | Air embolism | Gas gangrene | Fat embolism | DIC | 1b | single | Ans. Gas gangrene | Forensic Medicine | null |
85576357-e227-41da-b188-1c4b1fd547a1 | Mutation seen in malignant melanoma is | N-MYC | RB gene | CDKN2A | p53 | 2c | single | CDKN2A is a complex locus that encodes three different tumor sup- pressors, p15/INK4b, p16/INK4a, and p14/ARF. Of these, loss of p16/INK4a is clearly implicated in human melanoma, and experimental evidence also suppos a role for loss of p14/ARF. As already mentioned, p16/ INK4a inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4)... | Pathology | dermatology and infectious disease |
1a74e837-e474-43df-9318-c8ebaa81f3dd | Sample registration is done | Every 3 months | Every 6 months | Every 9 months | Every 12 months | 1b | single | Sample registration system (SRS) SRS is taken once every 6 months It is a dual record data collection system of India Therefore, it is the most accurate data collection system of India | Social & Preventive Medicine | FMGE 2017 |
d4ee5f31-93ea-4ca2-9f91-3af6e223f78c | Renal osteodystrophy differs from nutritional osteomalacia by having______. | Increased phosphates | Increased calcium | Decreased calcium | None of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. a (Increased phosphates) (Ref. H-17th/2694)In addition to measuring serum calcium, it is useful to determine albumin, phosphorus, and magnesium levels. As for the evaluation of hypercalcemia, determining the PTH level is central to the evaluation of hypocalcemia. A suppressed (or "inappropriately low") PTH level i... | Medicine | Kidney |
713f7b67-d93b-4e61-a704-b35aa06ff8a4 | True or false
1. Bronchoscopy with BAL is mainstay of diagnosis for pneumocystic pneumonia
2. Pneumatoceles are seen in all cases of pneumocystic pneumonia
3. CD4 count < 350 /µL is indication for prophylaxis against pneumocyctis carini pneumonia
4. Trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole is drug of choice for prophylaxis. | 1 - True, 2 - False, 3 - False, 4 - True | 1 - False, 2 - True , 3 -True , 4 - False | 1 - True, 2 -True, 3 - False, 4 - True | 1 - False, 2 - False , 3 -True , 4 - False | 0a | multi | CD4 count <200 /µL is indication for prophylaxis.
Pneumatoceles may be seen, but not in all cases. | Medicine | null |
1cf0f1e5-2269-4501-af7d-d1cf62e4569c | All are ture about innate immunity except ? | Non-specific | First line of defence | Not affected by genetic affected | Includes complement | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Not affected by genetic affected | Microbiology | null |
7f493cce-32bd-4e31-8c0d-b45b8823d4b1 | 68-year-old male with hypeension presents for annual examination. On review of systems he repos urinary hesitancy and nocturia. Your examination reveals a nontender but enlarged prostate without nodules. On review of his blood pressure logs and clinic readings he is averaging values of 150/80 mm Hg. Wof medication offe... | Aliskiren | Propranolol | Furosemide | Terazosin | 3d | single | a-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS Terazosin, Doxazosin These are long-acting congeners of prazosin with similar propeies but suitable for once daily dosing. advantages include * Does not impair carbohydrate metabolism; suitable for diabetics, but not if neuropathy is present, because postural hypotension is accentuated. * Has a sm... | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
7e2209b8-36f2-46c0-b8d8-8d07063bdc21 | Which of the following is not capsulated - | Pneumococcus | Cryptococcus | Meningococcus | Proteus | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Proteus Capsuleo Many bacteria secrete a viscid material around the cel! surface,o When this is organized into a sharply defined structure, it is known as capsule,o Capsules are protective and protect the bacteria from phagocytosis and from lytic enzymes.o Some bacteria loose their capsules on repeate... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
ac2f91a2-9631-4ad0-a31c-172c515e3615 | In osteogenic sarcoma predominant histological finding is - | Giant cells | Osteoid forming tumor cells | Fibroblastic proliferation | Chondroblasts | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e.. Osteoid forming tumor ceils [Ref: Apley's 9th/e p. 208}Histologic appearance of osteosarcomao It appears pale and extending through the cortex on gross cut section examination,o On histological sections it consists of malignant stromal tissue showing osteoid formation.o Osteoid bone formation by tumor... | Orthopaedics | Osteogenic Sarcoma |
4d5e444c-4ecd-479d-aa2c-6d7efa2e0353 | Word substitute used for alginate is: | Tooth paint | Statue | Pudding | Cavity fighter | 2c | single | Euphemisms | Dental | null |
0629e556-2426-4d1f-91aa-1807f146d7b7 | A 55-year-old female presents to the surgeon with breast symptoms. Her right breast is swollen, red and tender. The physician palpates a firm area in the breast and suspects inflammatory breast cancer. Which of the following best describes the histological changes observed in this disorder? | Acute inflammation in breast carcinoma | Chronic inflammation in breast carcinoma | Dermal lymphatic invasion by cancer cells | Epidermal invasion by cancer cells | 2c | single | Inflammatory breast cancer is a pattern of invasive breast cancer in which the neoplastic cells infiltrate widely through the breast tissue. The cancer involves dermal lymphatics and therefore has a high incidence of systemic metastasis and a poor prognosis. If the lymphatics become blocked, then the area of skin may d... | Pathology | null |
15877737-c030-4831-bfc2-cd2291c5fa88 | The poor prognostic factor associated with ALL in children is | Total leucocytle count 4000-100000 | Age less than 2 years | Testicular involvement | Blast in Peripheral Smear | 2c | multi | The standard features are age and WBC at diagnosis, with infants (less than one year), adolescents (greater than nine years), and children with WBC above 50,000/ml being at higher risk. Ceain chromosomal abnormalities are also strong predictors; in paicular, the Philadelphia chromosome and MLL gene rearrangements (espe... | Pediatrics | Childhood tumors |
f6b9e281-b40f-4e89-b2ea-360b6c56d75a | Multiple intrahepatic bile duct dilation with bile lakes and concurrent sepsis is suggestive of | Caroli's disease | Watson Algali syndrome | Primary sclerosing cholangitis | Klatskin tumor | 0a | single | Caroli's disease Clinical features : Symptoms include cholangitis (64%), poal hypeension (22%) and abdominal pain(18%) More common in males Septa containing poal veins protrude into the lumen of the ecstatic bile ducts (central dot sign) The main and often the only symptom of bacterial cholangitis secondary to caroli's... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
06477366-22f3-4ac1-9954-ee6899a28f7b | Vitamin that acts like a hormone | Vitamin K | Vitamin B1 | Vitamin B12 | Vitamin D | 3d | single | (D) Vitamin D # Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that acts as a steroid hormone.> Several hormones, including adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones, thyroid hormones, retinoid hormones, and vitamin D, bind with protein receptors inside the cell rather than in the cell membrane. Because these hormones are lipid soluble... | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Bio-Chemistry) |
faeb3ef8-076c-4156-96d2-4bb02c7f23c0 | Rivastigmine & donepezil are drugs used predominantly in the management of - | Depression | Dissociation | Delusions | Dementia | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Dementia o Rivastigmine, Donepezil, Galantamine and tacrine all are central cholinesterase inhibitors and are used in senile dementia of Alzheimer's desease. | Psychiatry | Pharmacotherapy Management of Children and Adolescents |
07afc237-6176-40bf-8759-1d9f4541c7cf | Zellweger syndrome is due to | Absence of peroxisome | Absence of cytochrome | Absence of COX | Absence of LOX | 0a | single | Zellweger syndrome is due to absence of peroxisomes in all most all tissues, as a result of which long chain fatty acids are not oxidized and accumulated in live and brain. So this syndrome is also called as cerebrohepatorenal syndrome. | Biochemistry | null |
ed9de848-3ccb-43aa-8ac3-04201f269917 | Which of the following is a VEGF inhibitor? | Bevacizumab | Omalizumab | Adalizumab | Abciximab | 0a | single | Cetuximab, Bevacizumab, Sunitinib, Sorafenib acts as VEGF inhibitors inhibiting angiogenesis.Ref: Sharma and Sharma 3rd ed/pg 875 | Pharmacology | Immunomodulators |
f15ae2c7-1544-4939-a275-a87b889956b7 | One virus particles prevents multiplication of 2nd virus. This phenomena is: | Viral interference | Mutation | Supervision | Permutation | 0a | single | Viral interference
Interference in which infectionof a cell by one virus inhibits simultaneous or subsequent infection by another virus.
Most important mediator of interference is interferon.
Interference produced by destruction of cell receptors is seen with myxoviruses and enterovirus.
It is applied in the field in c... | Unknown | null |
65f9768d-ab40-4443-bb02-e64242ea3724 | 'Presacral fascia' is derivative of | Colle's fascia | Scarpa's fascia | Pelvic fascia | Hypogastric sheath | 3d | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
e533be12-2db1-4855-8315-6695f6d22bed | Which are first order neuron in optic pathway- | Bipolar cells | Ganglionic cells | Cells of lateral geniculate body | Astrocytes | 0a | single | in visual sensation first order neurons lies in the bipolar cell layer of retina. Reference: textbook of comprehensive Opthalmology by AK Khurana. | Ophthalmology | Neuro-ophthalmology |
f056ee0a-bc85-4f92-a065-9a89c16e18f1 | Which is more common in primigravida than multigravida : | PPH | Placenta pre | Malpresentation | Hyperemesis | 3d | single | Hyperemesis | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
e697b4de-883b-4fe0-a518-9c7e4af4917c | Local anaesthesia causing metheaEUR' moglobinemia | Procaine | Prilocaine | Etiodicaine | Ropivacaine | 1b | single | Prilocaine | Anaesthesia | null |
086e848b-0cd0-434c-afe6-48a0b45d8461 | What is the name of this retractor? | Deavers | Langenbacks | Czerny | Thomson | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Deavers retractorDeavers retractor* Used to retract liver without any damage to liver parenchyma.* Used during Cholecystectomy to retract liver.* Used during Pancreatico jejunostomy to retract Stomach* Used in places where a careful retraction without organ damage is needed.Other RetractorsThompson Self Retain... | Surgery | Hernia |
294fbabf-d326-4fae-9372-857bb5c197f9 | FK 506 is a type of: | Immunoglobulin antibody | Non-depolarizing muscle relaxant | Macrolide antibiotic | Opioid anaesthetic | 2c | single | Tacrolimus (FK506)- structurally a macrolide antibiotic which is a newer immunosuppressant chemically different from cyclosporine, but having the same mechanism of action, and is -100 times more potent. It binds to a different cytoplasmic immunophilin protein labeled 'FKBP', but the subsequent steps are the same, i.e. ... | Pharmacology | Immunomodulators |
dbe9bdb3-1aff-476b-b03d-e5c460650cac | A potent inhibitor of protein synthesis that acts as an analogue of aminoacyl t-RNA is | Mitomycin C | Streptomycin | Nalidixic acid | Puromycin | 3d | single | Puromycin is an aminonucleoside antibiotic, derived from the Streptomyces alboniger bacterium, that causes premature chain termination during translation taking place in the ribosome. Pa of the molecule resembles the 3&; end of the aminoacylated tRNA. It enters the A site and transfers to the growing chain, causing the... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
1206b10c-b8aa-476f-bf91-c684f9253b15 | All of the following are true of Reye's syndrome, except - | It frequently complicates viral infections | Prothrombin time is prolonged | Disease may be precipitated by salicylates | Deep jaundice is present | 3d | multi | Reye's syndrome , a serious complication in children that is associated with influenza B and to a lesser extent with influenza A virus infection as well as with varicella-zoster virus infection. An epidemiologic association between Reye's syndrome and aspirin therapy for the antecedent viral infection has been noted, a... | Medicine | Infection |
e3e90be1-6499-4b02-ada2-7aec95db5500 | The protein found in the amyloid deposits in senile systemic amyloidosis is | AL protein | â2 microglobulin | â-amyloid protein | Transthyretin | 3d | single | null | Pathology | null |
0f8af4df-d387-423d-99cf-57f8b78e63aa | Along a pleasant stimulus, noxious stimuli are given in treatment of alcohol dependence or sexual disorder is which of the following type of behaviour therapy | Negative reinforcement | Aversion therapy | Punishment | Flooding | 1b | single | Aversion TherapyAversion therapy is used for the treatment of conditions which are pleasant but felt undesirable by the patient, e.g. alcohol dependence, transvestism, ego-dystonic homosexuality, other sexual detions. The underlying principle is the pairing of the pleasant stimulus (such as alcohol) with an unpleasant ... | Psychiatry | Treatment in psychiatry |
aca7a804-bdf9-4cfe-9861-49590b3117b7 | Which of the following is the etiological agent for the given case below: | Congenital | Neurofibromatosis | Degenerative arthritic | Idiopathic | 0a | single | Ans. (A) Congenital(Ref: Apley's System of orthopedics and Fracture 9th Ed; Page No- 465-66)Presence of a hemivertebra- Congenital Scoliosis.Neurofibromatosis: It is associated with scoliosis. The scoliotic curve is typically 'short and sharp and is associated with skin lesions.Idiopathic: It usually resolves spontaneo... | Radiology | Miscellaneous |
a2b2c180-2f07-482a-b2fe-b49fdfe409d6 | Avascular necrosis of which of the following bone result in Kohler's Disease? | Lunate bone | Femoral neck | Navicular Bone | Medial cuneiform bone | 2c | single | Osteochondritis of Navicular bone is known as Kohler's Disease. It results in avascular necrosis of Navicular bone. | Surgery | null |
6b3276f2-6c61-46ae-b6de-9a7077613c55 | All of the following drains into coronary sinus, EXCEPT? | Great cardiac vein | Anterior cardiac vein | Middle cardiac vein | Left posterior ventricular vein | 1b | multi | The coronary sinus receives blood mainly from the small, middle, great and oblique cardiac veins. It also receives blood from the left marginal vein and the left posterior ventricular vein. It drains into the right atrium. The anterior cardiac veins do not drain into the coronary sinus but drain directly into the right... | Anatomy | null |
1b9bc78d-3579-4904-aef6-854d97a395d8 | Gates Glidden drill is used to: | Remove the lingual shoulder | Enlarge the canal orifice | For the preparation of post space | Both 1 and 2 | 3d | multi | The Gates-Glidden drill is used to:
Remove the lingual shoulder during access preparation of the anterior teeth
Enlarge root canal orifices.
Textbook of Endodontics Nisha GARG 3rd ED | Dental | null |
6c571d02-593c-4b7c-9067-07a254d696b3 | MCARDLE's maximum allowable sweat rate for 4 hours is | 3.5 ltr | 21 ltrs | 2.5ltrs | 4.5 ltrs | 3d | multi | Mc Ardle's maximum allowable sweat rate:4.5 litre/ 4 hours. Predicted 4 hr sweat rate (P4SR) in comfo zone is 1-3 L Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th edition, Page No. 792 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health |
67e3c03b-bb69-4b6f-ad91-d13e742aa65b | A 50-year-old lady presented with a 3-month history of pain in the lower third of the right thigh. There was no local swelling; tenderness was present on deep pressure. Plain X-rays showed an ill-defined intra medullary lesion with blotchy calcification at the lower end of the right femoral diaphysis, possibly enchondr... | Focal necrosis and lobulation | Tumor permeation between bone trabecuae at periphery | Extensive myxoid change | High cellularity | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tumour permeation between bony trabeculae at periphery Chondroma (enchondroma) Vs Chondrosarcoma o The term chondroma is used for benign neoplasm composed of cailage. It is of two types : - i) Enchondroma : - Cailage tumors occuring within the bone. ii) Periosteal chondroma : - Cailage tumors occuring... | Pathology | null |
f0c5a957-2631-44b2-8427-06b22b985afc | Pseudomonal infection, not cleaned by - | Dettol | Hypochlorite | Chlorine | Betadine | 0a | single | null | Microbiology | null |
49357d41-ccbf-4f95-bdb9-7ac72beaa1ba | Diagnostic criteria for ARDS include all except | Bilateral alveolar infiltrates | PaO2 / FiO2 >=300 mm Hg | Acute onset | Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure <= 18 mm Hg | 1b | multi | Diagnostic Criteria for ARDSSeverity: OxygenationMild: Pao2/Fio2 300-2 00 mmHgModerate: Pao2/Fio2 200-100 mmHgSevere: Pao2/Fio2 <= 100 mmHgOnsetAcuteChest RadiographBilateral alveolar or interstitial infiltratesAbsence of Left Atrial HypeensionPCWP <=18 mmHg or no clinical evidence of increased left atrial pressureRef:... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
9afa2c84-c458-453e-9c8b-98809c7adbae | Which of the following is true about Rotavirus - | Commonly affects children | Double Stranded DNA | Can be grown easily on cell culture | Egg shell appearance under electron microscope | 0a | multi | rota virus are the commonest cause of diarrhea in infants and children the world over and account for half of the cases of children hospitalised for diarrhea REF:ANANTHANARYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.561 | Microbiology | Virology |
d706647c-7c3e-475d-a29d-1bb0ab85192f | Severe chronic MR is associated with - | H3 | H4 | Left atrial enlargement | Atrial fibrillation | 0a | single | Even in people with severe MR, there may be no signs or symptoms until the left ventricle fails, an abnormal hea rhythm develops (atrial fibrillation), or pulmonary hypeension occurs. Pulmonary hypeension occurs when the blood pressure in the pulmonary aery is increased Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 455 | Medicine | C.V.S |
20347f82-5020-45d5-b45f-58f76ee792b9 | Oligohydramnios causes include - | DM | Oesophageal atresia | Rh isoimmunisation | Renal agenesis | 3d | single | Ans-Di.e., Renal agenesis Oligohydramnioso In this condition, liquor amnii is deficient in an amount to the extent of fewer than 200 ml at term,o Sonographically it is defined as when the max vertical pocket of liquor amnii is less than 2 cm or when the amniotic fluid index is less than 5 cm (< 10 centiles). With AFI <... | Unknown | null |
5368f4ec-9139-4e05-a994-ba4e1d765d21 | Which of the following disorder is characterised by intense nihilisim, somatization and agitation in old age? | Bipolar depression | Atypical depression | Somatized depression | Involutional melancholia | 3d | single | Involutional melancholia refers to manic depressive disorder occuring during old age. Age of first presentation is 50 for women and 55 for men. Early symptoms include weight loss, insomnia, lack of interest in activities, poor concentration and low spirits. They also experience dejection, agitation, nihilistic delusion... | Psychiatry | null |
1fb281ae-93f1-45b7-b7a3-6a6de6979f9d | A 35 year old female, with post coital bleeding, next step : | Clinical examination and pap smear | Visual inspection with acetowhite | Visual inspection with lugol's iodine | Colposcopy directed biopsy | 0a | multi | Ans. is a i.e. Clinical examination and pap smear Well friends first I want you to read what Williams has to say on Postcoital bleeding. "Bleeding following intercourse most commonly develops in women aged 20 to 40 years and in those who are multiparous. No underlying pathology is identified in up to two thirds. If an ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
cf6bdfe2-9691-4791-8870-d5af2e9ea5ff | Which of the following is NOT an alpha-adrenoceptor agonist? | Clonidine | Methyldopa | Guanabenz | Isoxsuprine | 3d | single | Clonidine, apraclonidine, brimonidine are selective alpha 2 agonists. Guanfacine and guanabenz are central alpha 2 agonists. Isoxsuprine is a selective beta-2- receptor agonist used to relax uterus. From medical pharmacology Padmaja 4th edition page no 101 | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
dbac00eb-e48c-4974-a207-1cfac899f2b0 | Female patient with injury on her scalp, hair was shaved and sutures were put. On which day sutures should be removed? | 8-10 days | 2 weeks | 3 weeks | 1 month | 0a | single | Ans. (a) 8-10 daysRef Sabiston 18th ed. 12134Scalp suture should be removed on 6th to 8th day. Given these options, 8-10 days is the best choice.Day of suture removal from different body areasBody areaSuture removal on* Scalp6-8 days* Face3-5 days* Chest, Abdomen8-10 days* Ear10-14 days* Extremities, back12 -14 days | Surgery | General Management of Wounds |
6ebd0378-843f-4198-9df8-b22a7c4c990a | A lady with 8 wks pregnancy presented with random blood glucose of 177mg/dl. The treatment is : | Phenformin | Sulfonylurea | Insulin | Glipizide | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' is insulin (Ref Dutta 6/e, p 288 (5/e, p. 304); Holland and Brews, 16/e, p. 107).Insulin is the only antidiabetic drug given in pregnancy to control increased blood sugar.Oral hypoglycemics are contraindicated in pregnancy because they cross placenta and have teratogenic effect on fetus.They cause fetal hyp... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Pharmacology in Gynaecology |
03a1d84e-7df7-4425-9544-5dcaf5adf222 | Preferred drug for alcohol withdrawal seizures is: | Diazepam | valproate | Phenobarbitone | Carbamazepine | 0a | single | Benzodiazepines (Chlordiazepoxide,diazepam) are the preferred drugs due to long duration of action and can be gradually withdrawn later. Ref KD Tripati 8th ed. | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
d180322d-fa0c-4040-a92f-683fab03afdd | Estimated mean Hemoglobin (Hb) of 100 women is 10g%. Standard detion is 1 gm%. Standard error of estimated will be - | 0.001 | 1 | 10 | 0.1 | 3d | single | <p>standrad error of mean= standard detion/[?]n =1/[?]100 =1/10 =0.1 Parks textbook of preventive and social medicine.K Park. Edition 23.Pg no: 850 </p> | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
65f10f1e-b37a-409a-a7d0-5e39cfd2a5fe | HLA associated with psoriasis | HLA-B27 | HLA-DR4 | HLA-CW6 | HLA-B8 | 2c | single | Psoriasis is a long-lasting autoimmune disease which is characterized by patches of abnormal skin.] These skin patches are typically red, itchy, and scaly. They may vary in severity from small and localized to complete body coverage. Injury to the skin can trigger psoriatic skin changes at that spot, which is known as ... | Pathology | General pathology |
d0385d28-2282-443a-9eb6-8aef120b39c2 | Which of the following is a cause of unilateral hyperlucent lung on chest radiography? | Poland syndrome | Asthma | Acute bronchiolitis | Pleural effusion | 0a | single | Poland's syndrome (unilateral congenital absence of pectoral muscles) causes unilateral hypertranslucency.
Asthma & acute bronchiolitis cause bilateral hypertranslucency. | Radiology | null |
55b1ba9f-8247-4fb2-863e-d43347636895 | PGs in semen is secreted by | Prostate | Seminal vesicle | Sperms | Testes | 1b | single | The seminal vesicles secrete a significant propoion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen. Lipofuscin granules from dead epithelial cells give the secretion its yellowish color. About 50-70% of the seminal fluid in humans originates from the seminal vesicles, but is not expelled in the first ejaculate fractions wh... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
c41da94d-70b6-4b02-9856-d871893a8a21 | Who gave the term ECC (Early Childhood Caries)? | Davies | Moss | Winter | Dilley | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
4872d070-ff0e-40da-a01c-fbf763b2c0b1 | During examination of parotid gland, parotid duct can be palpated at the following except: | Anterior border of masseter | At the opening just opposite to lower second molar | Pierced to the buccinator | At the anterior border of parotid gland | 1b | multi | Parotid Duct (Stenson’s Duct)
Parotid duct, about 5 cm long, emerges from the middle of the anterior border of the gland and opens into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the crown of upper second molar tooth. | Anatomy | null |
d934adff-6436-4d36-b729-a3678cf44a1d | A farmer presents with pustules showing gram positive cocci, beta hemolysis, catalase negative. To show it is group A streptococci, which of the following test is done - | Bacitracin | Optochin | Novobiocin | Bile solubility | 0a | single | null | Microbiology | null |
6fe9edfd-e8aa-4a7b-a84b-f8375fb98742 | In ARDS all are seen EXCEPT - | Dilated bronchioles | Edema | Fibrosis | Alveolar damage | 0a | multi | null | Medicine | null |
5fdd0dce-352f-4582-a600-d85f29fdb96e | Which is a glycoprotein, produced by many mammalian cells, and used in the treatment of hepatitis, papillomaviruses, hairy-cell leukemia and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma? | Interferon | Idoxuridine | Zidovudine | Zalcitabine | 0a | single | All the above agents are synthetic analogues, except Interferon which is a glycoprotein produced by many types of mammalian cells. It has been shown to be useful in treatment of hepatitis, papillomaviruses, hairy-cell leukemia and AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Idoxuridine, as its name implies, is a synthetic pyrimidin... | Pharmacology | null |
106df13c-90d4-443a-94a8-a7b5a8c5e1c1 | The most likely cause of bihilar lymphadenopathy is | Histoplasmosis | Tuberculosis | Sarcoidosis | Aspergillosis | 2c | single | Sarcoidosis Chronic multisystem disorder of unknown cause characterized by accumulation of TH 1 lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocyte in various tissuesof body.Non-caseating sarcoid Granuloma in affected organsLungs (90%)Lymph nodesSkinOthersInterstitial lung disease (fibrosis of lung parenchyma)Pleura is involved, in ... | Pathology | All India exam |
f67d6cb1-27c6-4619-a205-ededfe114769 | Modifiers are added to gypsum mainly to | Modify setting time | Modify setting expansion | Modify strength | Decrease the porosity | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
2ec770fb-61d6-4a87-bff1-896187b04fa5 | In a surgical post-op ward, a pt. developed wound infection. Subsequently 3 other pts. developed smilar infections in the ward. What is the most effective way of preventing the spread of infection - | Give IV antibiotics to all pts. in the ward | Proper handwashing of all ward personnels | Fumigation of the ward | Wash OT instrumens with 1% perchlorate | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' ie. Proper hand washing of all ward personnels "Given the prominence of cross infection, hand washing is the single most impoant preventive measure in the hospital" - Harrison 15/e Harrison 17/e writes- "Given the prominence of cross-infection, hand hygiene is the single most impoant preventive measure in h... | Surgery | null |
0a3458db-1ab6-4bc5-a9b6-e7882847b6eb | Cold spot is seen in all the following except: | Fibrous Cortical defect | Pseudarthrosis | Multiple myeloma | Eosinophilic granuloma | 3d | multi | Eosinophilic granuloma - shows osteoblastic activity - hotspot. | Radiology | null |
e117ceba-9d46-4320-beba-73675089ee32 | Propranolol is contraindicated in diabetes mellitus because it: | Causes hyperglycemia | Causes seizures | Masks the hypoglycemic symptoms | Causes hypotension | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
e5f1496b-c209-488b-a55a-855792aa5ede | False about short bowel svndrome- | Hypergastrinemia & high gastric secretion is seen | Diarrhea, dehydration and malnutrition | Hirsutism | Chronic TPN dependence | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hirsutism Short bowel syndrome -o Presence of less than 200 cm of residual small bowrel in adult patients.o Insufficient absorptive capacity of small intestine results in diarrhea, dehydration and malnutition.Causes - Small intestine resection (massive) due toMassive resection in singleCumutative effe... | Surgery | Miscellaneous (Small & Large Intestine) |
2d544ca3-1909-4ac0-bce9-a44031ab3837 | antipsychotic which has anti suicidal propey is | clozapine | chlorpromazine | aripiprazole | amisulpride | 0a | single | CLOZAPINE * Impoance * First SGA * TREATMENT FOR TREATMENT RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA * TOC for TD * Anti suicidal * Psychosis in parkinsonian patients Ref. kaplon and sadock, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, 935 | Anatomy | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry |
77cfd4fd-678f-4d36-add2-8647fe61ee9d | Which is not a minor diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma? | Lytic bone lesions | Plasmacytosis greater than 20% | Plasmacytoma on biopsy | Monoclonal globulin spike on serum melectrophoresis of >2.5 G/DL for IgG,>1.5 G/DL for IGA) | 2c | single | . Plasmacytoma on biopsy | Pathology | null |
b0e1c035-1968-4efe-a73c-934009e1e4fa | A 17 year old boy presented with total count of 138 x 109 /L with 80% blasts on the peripheral smear. Chest X-ray demonstrated a large mediastinal mass. Immunophenotyping of this patient's blasts would most likely demonstrate: | No surface antigens (null phenotype) | An immature T cell phenotype (Tdt/D34/CD7 positive) | Myeloid markers, such as CD13, CD33 and CD15 | B cell markers, such as CD19, CD20 and CD22 | 1b | single | . An immature I$? cell phenotype (Tdt/D34/CD7 positive) | Pathology | null |
980919d7-2fee-4ec7-af1e-d6853139e647 | Drug of choice of typhoid - | Chloramphenicol | Ampicillin | Azithromycin | Ciprofloxacin | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ciprofloxacin o The older agents used for the treatment of typhoid were;ChloramphenicolAmpicilinTrimethoprim Sulfamethoxazoleo These drugs are not used nowdays because o f widespread resistance.o Nowdays the drug of choice for Typhoid all over the world is a "Fluroquinolone" (Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin)... | Medicine | Drugs |
ac442492-3f37-4130-ba8d-da4fc5824a02 | Retrobulbar injection is given in - | Inside muscle cone | Outside muscle cone | Subtenon space | Subperiosteum | 0a | single | It is given in the central space Central space : also called, muscular cone or retrobulbar space. It is bounded anteriorly by the Tenon's capsule lining back of the eyeball and peripherally by the four recti muscles and their intermuscular septa in the anterior pa. In the posterior pa, it becomes continuous with the pe... | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous |
76d49db1-b82a-479f-8696-72656de9e907 | Which of the following is not a tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma | AFP | PIVKA II | CEA | Glycipin 3 | 2c | single | CEA is raised in colon ca. | Surgery | null |
5bd77d25-b671-4902-b918-aa33439d9a48 | Erysipelas is caused by ? | Staph aureus | Staph albus | Strep pyogenes | Hemophilus | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Strep pyogenes Erysipelas - is due to S. pyogenes and - is characterized by an abrupt onset of fiery-red swelling of the face or extremities. the distinctive features of erysipelas are well-defined indurated margins, paicularly along the nasolabial fold; rapid progression; and intense pain. extension ... | Surgery | null |
79d66eee-b9b9-46d3-a504-e10c560fa6b4 | Which among the following is the least common cause of infective endocarditis? | ASD | MS | VSD | AR | 0a | single | Among the following, ASD is the least common cause of infective endocarditis. Here the low turbulence is responsible for decreased incidence of IE. | Medicine | null |
944f95f8-7738-4533-b25b-f00f7bf8c742 | Which of the following is a new ILI antagonist used in rheumatoid ahritis? | Anakinra | Rituximab | Teriparatide | Adalimumab | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Anakinra | Pharmacology | null |
1a22d1c5-4ec9-4210-b478-e3194483ac0c | The liquid component of hybrid ionomer cements usually contains a water solution of: | HEMA | Polyacrylic acid | Polyacrylic acid modified with methacrylate | All of the above | 3d | multi | The liquid component of hybrid ionomer cements usually contains a water solution of polyacrylic acid, HEMA, and polyacrylic acid modified with methacrylate.
The powder component contains fluoroaluminosilicate glass particles of a conventional GIC plus initiators, such as camphorquinone, for light curing and/or chemica... | Dental | null |
43e1a4c1-5c5d-4c77-9be1-755b59000526 | The clasps for partial dentures should be made of | Gold | Iridoplatinum | Platinum | Silver | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
091dd017-bc7a-4fc5-9442-4ec18db3c007 | Rorschach test measures : | Intelligence | Creativity | Personality | Neuraticism | 2c | single | C i.e. Personality | Psychiatry | null |
116624cd-0b33-436b-b042-32a303368e9c | Colour of urine in phenol poisoning: | Red | Green | Yellow | Blue | 1b | single | Ref: The Essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology by KS Narayan Reddy. 29th edition. 2010. Pg: 478Explanation:Phenol poisoning can lead to green or black urine due to carboluria.Carboluria is due to oxidation of phenol to hydro- quinone and pyrocatechol.Poisonings affecting Urine ColorRed Coloured Urine - CausesM... | Forensic Medicine | Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques |
0efa8065-47b9-4f58-9760-e67ff13443fb | A child can Count 4 pennies accurately by the age of ? | 30 months | 36 months | 48 months | 60 months | 2c | single | Emerging patterns for language behaviour from 1-5years of age 15months Jargon Follows simple commands May name a familiar object (e.g., ball) Responds to his/her name 18months 10 words (average) Names pictures Identifies 1 or more pas of the body 24months Puts 3 words together (subject, verb, object) 30months Refers to... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
e5dca100-4dd3-4570-9ad3-eb23524ae78c | Coiled spring appearance - | Intusseption | Achalasia | Duodenal perforation | Chronic pancreatitis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Intusseption Radiological investigations and signs seen in IntussusceptionPlain filmo Features of small intestinal obstruction o Abdominal soft tissue density in some cases which may showTarget sign - soft-tissue mass with concentric area of lucency due to mesenteric fatMeniscus sign - crescent of gas... | Surgery | Small Intestine - Small Bowel Obstruction |
c82e72e6-de13-4d1d-95d0-34fca534267f | Which of the following is the best indicator of long term nutritional status - | Mid arm circumference | Height for age | Weight for age | Weight for height | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Height for age Stunting (deficit in height for age) generally points towards a chronic course of malnutrition. Ghai "Height is a stable measurement of growth as opposed to body weight. Whereas weight reflects only the present health status of the child, height indicates the events in the past also". | Pediatrics | null |
edcf31b8-495c-4d9f-9245-1acac5594be9 | Carbon monoxide diffusion capacity decreases in all, Except - | Emphysema | Primary pulmonary hypertension | Alveolar haemorrhage | Infiltrative lung disease | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
8acf11b5-fbf2-4efb-b395-a4937482f67b | Non keratinized areas in gingiva is/are: | Sulcular epithelium. | Junctional epithelium. | Interdental col. | All of the above. | 3d | multi | null | Dental | null |
e7957e3d-dcf7-45aa-a632-a76be7f9eb8d | A drug that can be used for producing alkalinization of urine is? | Hydrochlorothiazide | Furosemide | Acetazolamide | Spironolactone | 2c | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
d50b2943-45ba-48fb-a8c2-e702d1fb3ad8 | Investigation of choice for entrapment neuropathy is ? | CT SCAN | Clinical examination | Ulrasonography | EMG NCV | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., EMG NCV The diagnosis of mononeuropathy in entrapment neuropathy is based on electrodiagnostic studies (EMG/ NCV) and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Entrapment neuropathy is a medical condition caused by entrapment and compression of a peripheral nerve wherever it traverses fibro-osseous tunnels. S... | Surgery | null |
71f96eeb-8005-41e6-a85a-f5080b2fcb9b | Which of the following takes place during the stationary phase of growth curve? | Bacterial cell number increases | Bacterial cell size decreases | Bacterial cell size increases | Sporulation | 3d | single | Growth curve:Lag phase: maximum cell size is obtained towards the end of the lag phaseLog phase: cells are smaller and stain uniformlyStationary phase: cells are frequently Gram-variable and show irregular staining due to the presence of intracellular storage granules. Sporulation occurs at this stage. Also, many bacte... | Microbiology | general microbiology |
11652335-371c-4ff1-8d87-fb3bb5e179e1 | Ramesh met an accident with a car and has been in &;deep coma&; for the last 15 days. The most suitable route for the administration of proteins and caloriesis by? | Jejunostomy tube feeding | Gastrostomy tube feeding | Nasogastric tube feeding | Central venous hyperalimentation | 0a | single | Unless the GI tract is non-functional, its use for nutritional suppo is preferable as compared to TPN. In a patient who is comatose either NG feeding or feeding through a gastrostomy tube may lead to vomiting and aspiration. This can be avoided by using a nasoenteric tube with the tip placed in jejunum under fluoroscop... | Surgery | General surgery |
dda4d7ed-1f10-48ec-b8ba-a0485fc00f41 | If only one terminal aldehyde group of glucose is oxidized, the product is - | Glucuronic acid | Gluconic acid | Gluchosaccharic acid | Gluconalactone | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Gluconic acid Oxidation of sugaro When aldose sugars are oxidized they may form three different sugar acid, depending upon oxidation of aldehyde group (at C-l) or terminal alcohol group (at C-6).i) Aldonic acid:- Oxidation of an aldose with hypobromous acid (HOBr) oxidises only aldehyde group and conv... | Biochemistry | Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Amino sugars, and Mucopolysaccharides |
f3b65c32-10e7-4f5b-a84d-caedaa7fd843 | As per RCH, the community health centre is a ? | First referral unit | Secondary referral unit | Teritary referral unit | Not a referral unit | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., First referral unit First Referral Units (FRU) under the RCH programe 3 Community Health Cetres and Subdistric Hospitals that provide the following services can be declared as FRUs under the RCH programme. Three critical determinants for a facility to be declared as an FRU o Availibility of surgical i... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
cf0077f2-55fd-4640-9667-5cb43db86ef3 | Condom vending machine at petrol pump in high prevalence area is example of:- | Appropriate technology | Social marketing | Socialization | Community paicipation | 1b | single | Social marketing Concept: Seeks to develop and integrate marketing concepts with other approaches to influence behaviors that benefit individuals and communities for the greater social good - Social marketing seeks to influence social behaviors not to benefit the marketer, but to benefit the target audience and the gen... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Allied Health Sciences |
d9744a5e-27eb-4c40-a225-fccfa82348fc | A 24-year-old male presented with a 4-year history of abdominal pain, periodic diarrhea, low-grade fever, and easy fatigability is found to have an entero-enteric fistula on contrast radiography. Colonoscopy shows "cobblestone" mucosa that has linear ulcerations with "skip areas" of normal bowel wall. Which of the foll... | Intramural granulomas | Transmural inflammation | Marked lymphoid reaction | Skip lesions of the intestinal wall | 1b | multi | - Given clinical features suggests the diagnosis of Crohn's disease - Transmural inflammation explains 2 most common complications of Crohn's disease - i.e Strictures & fistulas. Necrosis of the intestinal wall causes ulcer formation which can penetrate entire thickness of affected intestinal wall, leading to formation... | Pathology | Diagnostic procedures |
705cc524-5c3e-4707-812d-a9cf74bf4809 | Regarding obesity syndromes, determine the true / false statements: a) Prader-Willi syndrome has normal stature with truncal obesity b) Laurence-Moon-Biedl is autosomal; polydactyly is seen c) Ahlstrom's syndrome patients has moderate mental retardation d) Cohen's syndrome- Patients will have craniofacial anomalies and... | b,d,e-True & a, c- False | a,c,d,e-True & b- False | b,c,d,e-True & a- False | b,c,d-True & a,e- False | 0a | multi | Prader-Willi syndrome is sporadic inheritance, sho statured with generalised obesity. Primary gonadism and moderate mental retardation is seen. Ahlstrom's patients will have normal intelligence. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 626 Table 77-2 A Comparison of Syndromes of Obesity--Hypog... | Medicine | null |
195cca0c-0e14-4554-a8b3-dbd8f2f7d97d | Young male with painless induration of penis, enlarged non tender genital lymph nodes. Cause is - | Chancroid | Herpes genitalis | Primary syphilis | Donovanosis | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
57aec219-f16a-41c4-b099-5e196c96d78e | A 30 year old male presents with history of abnormal excessive blinking and grunting sounds. He has no control of these symptoms which have increased in frequency. Which of the following medications can be used for treatment of this person? | Carbamazepine | Imipramine | Risperidone | Methylphenidate | 2c | single | The history of the patient suggests the presence of the tic disorder. Treatment of Tic Disorder: *Dopamine depleter: Tetrabenazine (drug of choice) *Dopamine receptor blockers: Haloperidol,Fluphenazine, Pimozide *Atypical antipsychotics: Aripiprazole, Risperidone *Clonazepam *Carbamazepine *Botulinum toxin (Local injec... | Pharmacology | Central Nervous system |
5fadf683-43d4-4c16-952a-f16651d05682 | Which of the following causes highest risk of nosocomial infection to a patient | Patient admitted for elective surgery | HIV patient coming in follow up OPD | Patient undergoing endoscopy | Patient admitted for normal delivery | 0a | single | While all hospitalized patients are at risk for HAI, ceain subpopulations are at increased risk. These include the elderly, the immune-compromised, the very young or premature, and burn and surgical patients. Ref: Ananthanarayana & panikers 9th edition | Microbiology | miscellaneous |
dd6a450a-02dd-4fe3-b995-b47fdcc9a743 | Action of 1-2mcg/kg.min of dopamine is | Renal vasodilatation | Increased blood pressure | Inotropic action | Vasoconstriction | 0a | single | Dopamine at dose 1-2mcg/kg.min- renal vasodilatation2-10mcg/kg/min : beta 1 stimulationMore than 10 mcg/kg/min - vasoconstriction - alpha stimulationRef: Harrison; 17th ed. Pg 1453 | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
3ef36a99-a305-4eb6-884d-ba434a4a5213 | A 70 years old male develops pneumonia and septicaemia. Patient goes into renal failure and has a B.P of 70/50 mm of Hg. Drug that should be used to maintain B.P is | Adrenaline | Ephedrine | Phenylephrine | Nor epinephrine | 3d | single | null | Medicine | null |
144b9ddd-2b1a-4497-8f60-d8796dbe48f7 | Number of Bones in adult skull are: | 18 | 20 | 22 | 40 | 2c | single | The skull at birth contains 45 bones.
The adult skull consists of 22 bones (OR 28 bones including 3 paired ear ossicles).
Calvaria/brain box - 8 bones (OR 14 bones, including 6 ear ossicles).
Facial skeleton - 14 bones. | Anatomy | null |
246bc720-f40f-4de1-a6c4-5e11cac97ae3 | All of the following are modes to decrease pain on injection caused by propofol cxcept | Mix lignocaine with propofol | Give fentanyl prior to propofo | Use vein on the dorsum of hand | Cooling of the drug | 2c | multi | Propofol is formulated as a lipid emulsion which causes pain during injection that can be decreased by using a large vein, avoiding veins in the dorsum of the hand, prior injection of lidocaine or by mixing lidocaine with propofol prior to injection (2 mL of 1% lidocaine in 18 mL propofol). prior injection of opioid Th... | Anaesthesia | Intravenous Anesthetic Agents |
399d6493-1970-4e1e-bde5-90a0bbd1db3f | True about veebral aery | Enter skull throught condylar canal | Branch of internal carotid aery | Branch of subclan aery | Accompany sympathetic ganglion | 2c | multi | The veebral aery is one of the two principal aeries which supply the brain In addition,it also supplies the spinal cord,the meninges and the suurounding mscles and bones It arises from the posterosuperior aspect of the first pa of the subclan aery It runs a long course and ends in the cranial cavity by supplying the br... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
971f8998-15e1-4416-94e5-156e4322828b | The severity of mitral regurgitation is decided by all of the following clinical findings except | Presence of mid- diastolic murmur across mitral valve | Wide split second heart sound. | Presence of left ventricular S3 gallop. | Intensity of systolic murmur across mitral valve | 3d | multi | null | Medicine | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.