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ecfe3e9b-1d7c-41ec-b6e7-f7ac176275b4 | A 52-year-old man complains of pain in his back and fatigue for 6 months. He admits to polyuria and polydipsia. An X-ray film of the upper torso reveals numerous lytic lesions in the lumbar vertebral bodies. Laboratory studies show hypoalbuminemia and mild anemia and thrombocytopenia. A monoclonal immunoglobulin peak i... | Amylin | Apo serum amyloid A | Fibrinogen | Immunoglobulin light chain | 3d | single | AL amyloid usually consists of the variable region of immunoglobulin light chains and can be derived from either the kappa (k) or lambda (l) moieties. Since the light chains produced by the neoplastic cells in plasma cell dyscrasias are unique to each patient, AL amyloid isolated from different persons differs in its a... | Pathology | Immunity |
fd18874e-fb9f-4522-a0f4-9d80c4b532c9 | Which of the following inhalation anaesthetics should be avoided in middle ear surgery when tympanic grafts are used: | Halothane | Nitrous oxide | Ether | Isoflurane | 1b | single | Nitrous oxide | Anaesthesia | null |
31baad9a-7070-4246-be7d-0a4d218abb03 | Which of the following antiglaucoma drugs can result in this adverse effect? | Apraclonidine | Latanoprost | Pilocarpine | Dipivefrine | 1b | single | Ans. (B) LatanoprostThe image shows overgrowth of eyelashes, It is also known as hyper trichosis. It is an adverse effect of PFG2a analogs like latanoprost. | Pharmacology | A.N.S. |
e2e01699-b4b3-48fc-9d27-9cc2ddc50b0e | Which is the commonest childhood tumor - | ALL | CLL | AML | CML | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., ALL | Pediatrics | null |
f5f7c813-6c37-4749-8bc3-45630e30c7da | Incremental lines of Salter are found closer in: | Cellular cementum. | Mixed fibers cementum. | Acellular cementum. | All of the above. | 2c | multi | null | Dental | null |
c3e57964-2260-4784-8434-b58ea636b9ce | All of the following are good prognostic factors for childhood. All except - | Hyperdiploidy | Female sex | Pre B cell ALL | All | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pre B-Cell ALL o Pre B cell ALL has poor prognosis. | Pediatrics | null |
b1c30d64-2f57-4d8a-a4f4-396c3a501363 | X-ray sign of pneumoperitoneum is | Seagull sign | Prehn sign | Rigler's sign | Golden 'S' sign | 2c | single | Rigler's sign - bowel wall outlined by intraluminal and free peritoneal gas. | Surgery | G.I.T |
48f1f19d-fcd2-4304-9223-64d395ccb7d6 | According to federation dental lower left canine is designated as- | 32 | 33 | 42 | 43 | 1b | single | According to FDI, left lower canine is designated as 33. Ref: K.S.Narayan Reddy's synopsis of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology ,29 th edition Chapter4.page no -60 | Forensic Medicine | Identification |
343f2883-d638-44b3-9d93-d755766d9a72 | A 48-year-old woman develops constipation postoperatively and self-medicates with milk of magnesia. She presents to clinic, at which time her serum electrolytes are checked, and she is noted to have an elevated serum magnesium level. Which of the following represents the earliest clinical indication of hypermagnesemia? | Loss of deep tendon reflexes | Flaccid paralysis | Respiratory arrest | Hypotension | 0a | single | The earliest clinical indication of hypermagnesemia is loss of deep tendon reflexes. States of magnesium excess are characterized by generalized neuromuscular depression. Clinically, severe hypermagnesemia is rarely seen except in those patients with advanced renal failure treated with magnesium-containing antacids. Ho... | Anaesthesia | Preoperative assessment and monitoring in anaesthesia |
d9bed2c7-d1d1-4d4f-ac88-37257cea57fb | A 45-years-old lady complains of contact bleeding. She has positive pap smear. The next line of management is: | Colposcopy directed biopsy | Cone biopsy | Repeat pap smear | Hysterectomy | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. Colposcopy directed biopsyThere are 2 situations in questionWherever a female comes with post coital bleeding(This is a specific complain for Ca cervix)|Do a per speculum examination|||Growth is visibleNothing visible||Punch biopsyColposcopy(ii) When a female comes to you with abnormal pap smear.In LSIL... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Carcinoma Cervix |
47de57f5-e687-4af9-ba8d-4f56e14d966a | Conventional dental amalgam alloy contains: | Silver, tin, copper and zinc | Silver, mercury, copper and zinc | Silver, tin, palladium and zinc | Silver, copper, iridium and mercury | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
080b8b82-9b28-4b6a-9e53-54dc0151ba88 | Nerve supply of Trapezius | Spinal accessory nerve | Hypoglossal nerve | Trochlear nerve | Trigeminal nerve | 0a | single | TRAPEZIUS: Origin: medial 1/3 rd of superior nuchal line., ligamentum nuchae, external occipital protuberance and spines of C7-T12 veebrae. Inseion:-lateral 1/3rd of clavicle., medial margin of acromion,superior margin of spine of scapula. Nerve supply: spinal accessory( motor),C3,C4 spinal nerves ( proprioceptive). Ac... | Anatomy | Upper limb |
574658f2-c4b0-4caa-93f5-27a62b5db445 | In a patient with massive thromboembolism with hypotension after a fluid bolus of 1 L, the patient’s blood pressure remains low at 88/50 mmHg.Echocardiogram demonstrates hypokinesis of the right ventricle.What is the next best step in management of this patient? | Treat with dopamine and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, 100 mg IV | Continue IV fluids at 500 mL/hr for a total of 4 L of fluid resuscitation. | Refer for inferior vena cava filter placement and continue current management. | Refer for surgical embolectomy. | 0a | multi | This patient is presenting with massive pulmonary embolus with ongoing hypotension, right ventricular dysfunction, and profound hypoxemia requiring 100% oxygen.
In this setting, continuing with anticoagulation alone is inadequate, and the patient should receive circulatory support with fibrinolysis, if there are no con... | Unknown | null |
1a6d5cce-9a6d-43cc-927f-f8f0064de127 | Fracture treatment can be described as:
a. Reduction
b. Retention
c. Rehabilitation
d. Reunion. | A, B, C | A, C, D | A, B, D | B, C, D | 0a | single | Fracture treatment can be best described as Reduction, Retention, Rehabilitation. | Surgery | null |
75b19c75-01aa-48c2-9ad1-88e773e69ecd | A normal child develops the ability to use 10 words with meaning at the age of | 12 months | 15 months | 18 months | 24 months | 2c | single | <p>. Developmental milestones:- GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT: 2 months: Holds head in plane of rest of the body when held in ventral suspension. In prone position in bed, the chin lifts momentarily. 3 months:lift head above the plane of the body. Head control stas by 3 months and fully developed by 5 months. 4 months:Remain... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
f1ae73c5-b6ec-49a0-82ae-d6b57674d80d | Which of the following is seen in high altitude climbersa) Hyperventilationb) Decreased PaCO2c) Pulmonary edemad) Hypertensione) Bradycardia | ab | abc | acd | bcd | 1b | single | At high altitude, there can be acute changes and changes due to acclimatization.
- Acute mountain sickness
Dyspnoea, dizziness, tiredness, tachycardia, palpitation, nausea, vomiting etc.
At higher altitudes- pulmonary oedema and cerebral oedema may occur.
- Acclimatization changes
Hyperventilation leading to respir... | Physiology | null |
386889d1-1830-4ec5-aebd-e6ef35150dbb | Most important amino acid which acts as methyl group donor- | Cysteine | Methionine | Tyrosine | Tryptophan | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Methionineo Methionine is activated into S-adenosylmethionine, which then transfers its methyl group to an acceptor. Thus methionine acts as methyl donor in transmethylation reactions.o Some of the important transmethylation reactions are-i) Norepinephrine - Epinephrineii) Phosphatidylethanolamine - P... | Biochemistry | Amino Acids Basics |
7f52abec-4bdf-41bc-9b20-6673b3518ae3 | All of the following associated with extraocular muscles weakness except | Fisher syndrome | Myasthenia gravis | Eaton Lambe syndrome | Thyrotoxicosis | 3d | multi | In thyrotoxicosis, there is fibrosis of muscle. I. E restrictive myopathy Refer khurana 6/e p 420 | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
d27b71e0-8917-4bab-8cfb-b3d76fea6e2b | Most common nerve injured during thyroidectomy | External laryngeal nerve | Recurrent laryngeal nerve | Vagus nerve | Facial nerve | 0a | single | MC injured nerve - External branch of superior laryngeal nerve (aka External laryngeal nerve) | Surgery | Thyroid |
005bdeb0-9bef-49f4-b1eb-9d148d65519a | The main sites for oxidative deamination are: | Liver and kidney | Skin and pancreas | Intestine and mammary gland | Lung and spleen | 0a | single | Only liver mitochondria contain glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) which deaminates glutamate to alpha keto glutarate plus ammonia.
The hydrolysis of glutamine also yields NH3 but this occurs mainly in the kidney where the NH4+ excretion is required for acid-base regulation.
Reference: Vasudevan 7th ed, pg 202 | Biochemistry | null |
1c040831-5303-457c-937d-f5b9d1245031 | Best management of vault prolapse is: | Sacral colpopexy | Sacrospinous ligament fixation | Le forts repair | Anterior colporapphy | 0a | single | Vault Prolapse:
It is a long complication of hysterectomy and refers to prolapse of the vaginal stump left behind after performing hysterectomy.
Management
Patient is fit for abdominal surgery
↓
Trans abdominal sacral colpopexy
(Mesh is attached to the vault and sacral promontory).
It is the gold s... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8f6c2f07-29bc-4888-8573-8645cd250cee | b -blockers are used in all except? | Hypeension | Thyrotoxicosis | Variant angina | All of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Variant angina We all know that attacks of variant angina occur due to coronary vasospasm. So, the drugs which relieve coronary vasospasms will be used in variant angina (C.C.B.'s, Nitrates) b blockers are contraindicated in these patients because 13 blockers, instead of dilating the coronary aeries c... | Pharmacology | null |
16b04a63-23f5-4b4c-96f5-a93fa4f044d7 | All are features of pagets disease except - | Defect in osteoclasts | Common in females | Can cause deafness | Can cause osteosarcoma | 1b | multi | Answer- B. Common in femalesPaget's disease is stightly more common in males and is seen after 40 years of age,The pelvic and tibia being the commonest sites, and femur, skull, spine (veebtae) anil clavicle the next common.Deafness and osteosarcoma (rarely) are complications of Paget's disease.\\Primary defect is in os... | Surgery | null |
4596c72b-6caf-4146-a15b-065a144fbac4 | Which stain is used for Corynebacterium diphtheriae ? | Geimsa | Albe | PAS | India ink | 1b | single | Ans. is b' i.e., AlbeThe diphtheria bacillus was first observed and described by Klebs (1883) but was first cultivated by Loeffler (1884).Therefore, it is known as Klebs - Loeffler bacillus (KLB).Corynebacterium diphtheria is gram positive slender rod (bacilli) which is noncapsulated and non-motile.The bacilli are arra... | Microbiology | null |
7b5d89f9-f8de-46f8-aafe-c10e81eb28c3 | Cells charcteristic of Hodgkin's disease are- | Lacunar cells | Reed - Sternberg cells | Giantcells | Eosiphils | 1b | single | <p>The classical diagnostic feature of Hodgkin's disease is the presence of Reed -Sternberg cell.Classic RS cell is characterised by
bilobed nucleus appearing as mirror image of each other, each nucleus contains a prominent , eosinophilic, inclusion like nucleolus with a clear halo around it,
giving it an owleye appea... | Pathology | null |
cb3d0d81-8970-4255-9093-8820ad2e2413 | Anorchia best diagnosed by: | USG | SPECT | CT | Laparoscopy | 3d | single | Ans. Laparoscopy | Radiology | null |
4117af7f-1491-48e1-8446-9d33b2fc252d | Potassium Channel Openers are following except | Pinacidil | Diazoxide | Nicorandil | Amiodarone | 3d | multi | Ans, d (Amiodarone) (Ref. KDT 6th/534)Drugs acting on potassium channelPotassium channel openersPotassium channel blockersAmiodarone (blocks myocardial delayed rectifier K+channels)OldNovel MinoxidilNicorandilQ DiazoxidePinacidil0Cromakalim Antiarrhythmics-- K+ channel blockers (class III) - Amiodarone. Ibutilide, Dofe... | Pharmacology | C.V.S |
d44f6268-dbe4-4bd6-8ba1-bcd62e86d01e | SSPE is a complication of: | Measles | Mumps | Rubella | Rabies | 0a | single | SSPE (Sub sclerosing panencephalitis) is a late complication of measles (10 -15 yrs ) of infection. Measles - family - Paramyxoviridae. Characteristic features: Koplik spots | Present opposite lower second molar SAR- 85% (secondary attack rate) Infectivity period of measles: | 4 days before-Rash-5days after Isolation p... | Microbiology | Virology (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) |
080c9200-a78f-4a95-b421-85462738d4f9 | Transpulmonary pressure is the difference between: | The bronchus and atmospheric pressure | Pressure in alveoli and intrapleural pressure | Atmosphere and intrapleural pressure | Atmosphere and intraalveolar pressure | 1b | single | Transpulmonary pressure is the pressure difference between alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure. Before the sta of inspiration or at the end of expiration it is about +5cm H2O. Positive transpulmonary pressure keeps the alveoli open. Intrapleural pressure is the pressure between two layers of pleura. It is about... | Physiology | All India exam |
eee79434-1b9d-431f-9903-4b9bb5f26b79 | NK cells have which CD marker ?- | CD 3 | CD 56 | CD 19 | CD 13 | 1b | single | Harshmohan textbook of pathology 7th edition. *NK cells comprises about 10 to 60 % of circulating lymphocytes. These lymphocytes do not have B or T cell marker.NK cell carries surface molecule of CD2, CD16, CD56 but negative for T cell marker CD3 | Pathology | General pathology |
a47a3015-0cbc-483f-a7f1-96ba927f04b4 | Group of 4-8 expes talking in front of a large group of audience is known as: September 2011 | Symposium | Workshop | Seminar | Panel discussion | 3d | single | Ans. D: Panel Discussion In a panel discussion, 4-8 persons who are qualified to talk about the topic sit and discuss a given problem, or the topic, in front of a large group of audience Panel Discussion A panel consists of a small group of four or eight persons, who carry on a guided and informal discussion before an ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
93c9458d-0f66-414c-ba60-544bf77370fb | A 35-year-old man developed a brown pigmentation on the face after taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for fever, joint pain and malaise. What is the diagnosis? | Dengue fever | Chikungunya | Fixed drug eruption | Melasma | 2c | single | ANS. C* The image shows a hyperpigmented lesion, and with the history of drug intake, the diagnosis is fixed drug eruption.Close differentials of hyperpigmented lesions in faceMelasma (brown pigmentation in face) | Skin | Autoimmune Skin Disorders |
911ce36e-46d0-44bc-a41b-301cfe272830 | Clearance- | Refers to the efficacy of elimination of a drug by an organ or whole body | Cannot be greater than blood flow to an organ | Determines the steady of the drug concentration | All the above | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of the above o Clearance of a drug is the theoretical volume of plasma from which the drug is completely removed in unit time,o It refers to efficacy of elimination of a drug:Clearance =Rate of eliminationPlasma concentrationo As drug is to be removed from plasma in unit time, clearance can not be... | Pharmacology | Pharmacokinetics |
9803507d-6ebc-4f05-9487-f2d453ee71c3 | Which of the following fracture needs a force? | Fracture Neck of femur | Intertrochanteric fracture | Clavicle fracture | Colles fracture | 2c | single | "Fractures of first two or three ribs and of the clavicle indicate a violent trauma since they are thicker and well protected by the thoracic muscle".................................. Essentials of orthopedics
Fracture neck femur, IT fracture and colle's fracture are more common in old age and with trivial injury.
Imp... | Orthopaedics | null |
afba485b-fee8-4433-9d9f-fa57ce57393c | In celiac disease A/E - | Gliadin is cause | Associated with HLA-B8 | Decreased villi to crypt ratio | Increased brush border | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Associated with HLAB8 | Pediatrics | null |
9dd354bc-e91d-434c-8c63-53c048f6fc4d | EEG is usually abnormal in all of the following, except : | Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis | Locked - in state. | Creutzfoldt - Jackob disease | Hepatic encephalopathy | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Locked in state): `Normal a- activity on the EEG in a patient of coma ales the clinician to the locked in syndrome or to hysteria or catatonia.' - Harrison 16th/1629 All conditions other than the 'locked in state' present characteristic EEG patterns. EEG Characteristic; Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ... | Medicine | null |
47dc2bda-10f8-4cd1-b1b1-43ef7af98154 | Fall on outstretched hand leads to fracture of the following bones | Scaphoid bone, capitate and clavicle | Scaphoid, clavicle | Head of Ulna | Radial styloid process | 0a | multi | Clavicle is commonly fractured by falling on the outstretched hand (indirect violence). The most common site of fracture is the junction between the two curvatures of the bone, which is the weakest point. The lateral fragment is displaced downwards by the weight of the limb as trapezius muscle alone is unable to suppo ... | Anatomy | Upper limb |
ba52b887-f4d0-445f-8135-228d7725a749 | The intake of Iodine in to the Thyroid Gland is an example of which of the followings means of molecular transpo? | Primary active transpo | Secondary active transpo | Facilitated diffusion | Endocytosis | 1b | single | Secondary active transpo or co-transpo, uses energy to transpo molecules across a membrane against a concentration/electrochemical gradient.In contrast to primary active transpo, there is no direct coupling of ATP; instead, the electrochemical potential difference created by pumping ions out of the cell is used. Primar... | Physiology | null |
dff75675-ae2a-42d0-9195-bd6cdba0ada4 | In a case of hypersplenism all are true, EXCEPT | Cytopenia | Hyperplastic bone marrow | Normal bone marrow | Splenomegaly absent | 3d | multi | (D) Splenomegaly absent # Hypersplenism: The complete blood count may reveal cytopenia of one or more blood cell types, which should suggest hypersplenism.> This condition is characterized by splenomegaly, cytopenia(s), normal or hyperplastic bone marrow & a response to splenectomy. | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
32dbdbb3-c54b-48d7-9554-2c4ed69f4c16 | Marfan syndrome is due to mutation of: | Collagen | Elastin | Fibrillin | Fibronectin | 2c | single | Marfan syndrome is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene on chromosome 15, which encodes Fibrillin-1. Fibrillin normally binds to TGF-b (Transforming Growth Factor) Mutated fibrillin can't bind to TGF-b. Elevated levels of TGF-b contribute to the features of Ectopia lentis, arachnodactyly, and aoic dilatation. | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous |
74b5f2e5-0a67-4de1-a10b-014c30d3f4b1 | Which of the following statements best describes the sulcus limitans? | It is found in the interpeduncular fossa | It is located between the alar and basal plates | It seperates the medulla from the pons | It seperates the hypothalamus from the thalamus | 1b | multi | The sulcus limitans seperates the sensory alar from the motor basal plates. It is found in the developing spinal cord and on the surface of the adult rhomboid fossa of the fouh ventricle. The bulbopontine sulcus (inferior pontine sulcus) seperates the medulla from the pons. The hypothalamic sulcus seperates the thalamu... | Anatomy | Brain |
3e7e1483-deec-4eb9-b778-e5753c4e9256 | Adrenal arteries arises from all the following except | Renal artery | Aorta | Inferior phrenic artery | Coeliac axis | 3d | multi | Ans) d (Coeliac axis) Ref: BD ChaurasiaAdrenal artery cannot arise from Coeliac axisArterial supply of adrenal glandSuperior suprarenal artery- a branch of inferior phrenic artery.Middle suprarenal artery- a branch of the abdominal aortaInferior suprarenal artery- branch of renal artery. | Surgery | Parathyroid & Adrenal Glands |
19f2b245-ea87-4c04-a0c8-2af1b0eb907b | An elderly man presented with a painful red eye, and on examination shows the pupil dilated and fixed, what is the next line of investigation? | Tonometry | Visual evoked potential | Retinal angiogram | Slit lamp examination | 0a | single | (A) Tonometry# Acute painful red eye> Suspected condition is acute angle closure condition> Symptoms: Severely painful, halos around lights, may be systemically unwell (nausea, vomiting, headache). Usually > 50 years.> Decreased VA, hazy cornea, fixed, semi-dilated or oval pupil. Within 24 hours.> Keratitis Photophobia... | Ophthalmology | Miscellaneous |
20f14673-fdc0-483d-b26f-ca81ccd7fd02 | Under the registration act of 1969, bih should be registered within - | 7 days | 14 days | 21 days | 28 days | 0a | single | . | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
927c146e-57c8-485f-94b7-e4e4170fae63 | Under National Poliomyelitis Elimination Programme, Poliomyelitis is diagnosed by:- | Antibodies titre rise in blood | Viral isolation in stool | Viral microscopy in stool | Clinical examination | 1b | single | Polio virus diagnosis in India: Is done by Viral culture and isolation from Stool Samples collected from cases of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) Previously it was done through 'Antibody titre rise'. 2 stool samples b/w 24-48hrs each weighing 8gm is taken & sent it to lab through reverse cold chain. | Social & Preventive Medicine | NPEP, NHM |
13ab47c9-d53f-4207-bdba-ad85458c04e7 | Adverse effects that limit the use of adrenoceptor blockers include: | Bronchoconstriction from α blocking agents | Heart failure exacerbation from β blockers | Impaired blood sugar response with α blockers | Increased intraocular pressure with β blockers | 1b | single | null | Pharmacology | null |
66d84534-ca10-4550-9d34-3cd58bc59c28 | Purkinje cells from cerebellum end in | Cranial nerve nuclei | Extra pyramidal system | Cerebral coex | Cerebellar nuclei | 3d | single | Purkinje cells from cerebellum and in in deep cerebellar nuclei Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number:780,781,782 | Physiology | Nervous system |
d8a086bf-ad72-440a-a2d3-c65ee044a441 | A 32 week preterm infant, weighing 1400 gm, vitals stable, admitted in NICU, What is the best feeding procedure ? | Total enteral nutrition | Sta IV fluids; introduce feeding from second day | Total parenteral nutrition | IV fluid only | 0a | single | 32 - 34 weeks : sta feed by spoon or paladai ( Total enteral nutrition ) Ref : Ghai pediatrics eighth edition pg no 159 | Pediatrics | New born infants |
0b2287db-53e6-42e2-9d28-23060f032e24 | A 6 month old infant presented with multiple erythematous papules & exudative lesions on the face, scalp, trunk and few vesicles on palms and soles for 2 weeks. His mother has H/o itchy lesions. The most likely diag is: | Scabies | Infantile exzema (atopic dermatitis) | Infantile sebornheic dermatitis | Impetigo contagiosa | 0a | single | A ie Scabies The diagnosis is scabies, which is characterized by severe itching and diffusely scattered papular and papulo-vesicular lesions which may appear on all pas of body except the face. It is common to find other individuals especially children staying in same house also showing similar features. In infants, ec... | Skin | null |
9178a07e-3cb8-4397-830d-97a75ae98557 | A 13 year girl with fatigue and weakness was found to be having reduced hemoglobin. Her MCV 70FC, MCH22pg and RDW 28. What is her likely diagnosis | Iron deficiency anemia | Thalassemia major | Sideroblastic anemia | Thalassemia minor | 0a | single | Decreased heamoglobin with the clinical features of fatigue and weakness is diagnostic of anemia.
MCV is 70% Ft, So, microcytosis is present (normal MCV is 80-96ft)
MCH is 22pg, so, decreased MCH is suggestive of hypochromic anermia (normal MCH is 27 - 33 pg)
Red Cell distribution with (RDW) is the co efficient of vari... | Pathology | null |
05cbe274-1b12-47bd-a16f-72a29fb32621 | Tense and painful thyroiditis is | Dequern's thyroiditis | Riedel thyroiditis | Hashimoto thyroiditis | Subacute lymphocytic thyroiditis | 0a | single | Answer- A. Dequern's thyroiditisDequervain thyroidits (granulomatous thyoiditis) - Most common cause of thyroid pain. | Pathology | null |
2f65c6c0-294b-4b72-880a-b3d0d91850ad | Which of the following is given to treat thrombocytopenia secondary to anticancer therapy and is known to stimulate progenitor megakaryocytes? | Filgrastim | Oprelvekin | Erythropoietin | Iron dextran | 1b | single | Oprelvekin (IL-11) is used to prevent and treat thrombocytopenia. | Pharmacology | null |
144ccbf9-2ae0-4041-b501-4c67e3b45e2b | Exostosis due to repetitive exposure to cold water is common in which pa of the temporal bone | Squamous pa | Tympanic pa | Petrous pa | Mastoid pa | 1b | single | Exostoses are multiple and bilateral, often presenting as smooth, sessile, bony swellings in the deeper pa of the meatus near the tympanic membrane. Outer 1/3rd pa of the external auditory meatus is formed by cailage and inner 2/3rd pa is formed by the temporal bone. It is often seen in persons exposed to the entry of ... | ENT | Ear |
0dbfb765-f8d1-4b6e-86bc-5c4f5551a563 | Which of the following is recommended as a dual-active drug targeting both HBV and HIV? | Entecavir | Adefovir | Tenofovir | Zidovudine | 2c | multi | Tenofovir is a recommended dual-active drug with sufficient activity in targetting both HBV and HIV. Among the Antiretroviral Drugs, Tenofovir (TDF/TAF), Laminvudine (3TC) and Emtricitabine (FTC) have sufficient activity against HBV. Entecavir is an HBV nucleoside analog that only weak/paial HIV activity and is not pre... | Pharmacology | Antibiotics |
8ebf662b-1e5b-429c-b756-7fa88c6a5eb5 | Basal ganglia calcification is seen in all of the following except: March 2007 | Hypoparathyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Hyperpahyroidism | Acromegaly | 3d | multi | Ans. D: Acromegaly Basal ganglia calcification is seen in: Endocrine-Hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism, pseudohypoparathyroidism, secondary hyperparathyroidism Normal Metabolic-Mitochondrial disorders Toxic-Hypoxia, carbon monoxide, lead Chemotherapy/radiation-mineralizing angiopathy most prominent in the basal gangli... | Radiology | null |
37888d1a-18fb-4a25-9743-d5549a081b9b | Development of attraction in young girls towards their father: | Oedipus complex. | Electra complex | Attraction complex. | There are no such attractions exists. | 1b | single | null | Dental | null |
b2c2833a-b418-4f2e-b7ad-5f32bf672199 | A 60-year old man is diagnosed to be suffering from Legionnaires' disease after the returns home from attending a convention. He could have acquired it - | From a person suffering from the infection while travelling in the aeroplane | From a chronic carrier in the convention center | From inhalation of the aerosol in the air conditioned room at convention center | By sharing an infected towel with a fellow delegate at the convention | 2c | single | null | Microbiology | null |
5a14015c-b6c3-42cd-9752-173fa6cdeff1 | In holiday hea syndrome, most common feature seen is: Odisha 09; DNB 10 | Atrial fibrillation | Atrial flutter | Ventricular fibrillation | Ventricular flutter | 0a | single | Ans. Atrial fibrillation | Forensic Medicine | null |
c643212e-29bb-45c0-9090-28626330d9d8 | Which of the following blood vessel is related to the paraduodenal fossa? | Poal vein | Gonadal vein | Inferior mesentric vein | Superior mesentric aery | 2c | single | Paraduodenal fossa is also termed as fossa of Landzer. This fossa is seen only 2% cases, it is situated at some distance to the left of the ascending colon or fouh poion of the duodenum and is caused by the raising up of a peritoneal fold by the inferior mesenteric vein as it runs along the lateral side of the fossa an... | Anatomy | null |
76ae842f-f141-4eb4-abc6-43e4ea87a231 | True statement is : | Osteoblasts gives rise to osteocytes | Growth of bone occurs at diaphysis | Epiphysis is present between metaphysis and diaphysis | Interphalangeal joint is a saddle joint | 0a | multi | A i.e. Osteoblasts give rise to osteocyte | Anatomy | null |
42880077-8186-449b-ac1f-bfb87f0b70d9 | The most common cause of acquired arteriovenous fistula is- | Bacterial infection | Fungal infection | Blunt trauma | Penetrating trauma | 3d | single | "Penetrating injuries are the most common cause, but fistulas are sometimes seen after blunt trauma" - CSDT | Surgery | null |
3669e839-f5bb-4fb0-841f-8da3c22e142b | On otological examination, all of the following will have positive fistula test, EXCEPT: | Dead ear | Labyrinthine fistula | Hypermobile stapes footplate | Following fenestration surgery | 0a | multi | In a positive fistula test, a pressure change in the external ear canal is transmitted to the labyrinth by an abnormal opening thereby producing nystagmus and veigo. It also implies that the labyrinth is still functioning, and is absent when labyrinth is dead. The abnormal opening caused by a cholesteatoma eroding into... | ENT | null |
5e178adb-96cd-4509-b085-93650e3c93d2 | True about blood supply of scaphoid? | Mainly through ulnar aery | Major supply from ventral surface | Major supply from dorsal surface | Proximal supply in antegrade fashion | 2c | multi | Major blood supply (70-80%) of scaphoid comes through dorsal surface dorsal branches of radial aery.These dorsal vessels enter the scaphoid at or just distal to waist area and supply the proximal pole in retrograde fashion. | Anatomy | null |
77e4cf09-95d9-4ea5-b558-9aca2f13c776 | Brock's Syndrome is | Bronchiectasis Sicca | Middle Labe Bronchiectasis | Kaagener's Syndrome | Sarcoidosis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Middle Lobe Bronchiectasis Brock's Syndrome Right middle lobe bronchiectasis occurring as a late sequel ofprimaiy tuberculosis is known as Brock's syndrome or middle lobe syndrome. Brock's syndrome is believed to be caused by pressure of lymph nodes in primary tuberculosis on the middle lobe bronchus.... | Medicine | null |
1ca31490-3179-4d30-bc9d-799638a70f86 | Cervical spine fracture in A patient, what is the first thing to do | Intubation | Cervical spine immobiliation | X-ray spine | Trachoostomy | 1b | single | Since there are high chances of injury to cervical segments of spinal cord, immobilization of cervical spine is really impoant. Ref : SRB's 4thE At site of accident: Suspected cervical injury spine injury - one person hold the neck in traction by keeping the head pulled. In emergency depament: Two sand bags should be u... | Surgery | Trauma |
5c8e640e-f9f7-4301-b159-647f4ceb7cb3 | Which of the following fat-soluble vitamin is cell membrane component and antioxidant? | Vitamin E | Vitamin C | Vitamin A | Vitamin K | 0a | single | Vitamin E Is the Major Lipid Soluble Antioxidant in Cell Membranes & Plasma Lipoproteins | Physiology | All India exam |
4bf242bb-d746-44f4-a9e2-37fe719e7664 | The inverse stretch reflex is due | Trail fibre ending | Golgi tendon | Tail fibre ending | Muscle spindle | 1b | single | Golgi tendon | Physiology | null |
806ef9e2-1026-46c8-9d05-bf0378225ef3 | A 20-year-old female presented with complaints of nausea, vomiting and pain in the legs. Her physical examination and lab investigations are normal. Still she persistently request for investigations and treatment despite repeated assurance by her doctor. What would be the most probable diagnosis: September 2012 | Generalized anxiety disorder | Conversion disorder | Somatiform pain disorder | Somatisation disorder | 2c | single | Ans. C i.e. Somatisatic 7 disorder Somati3ation disorder Patient presents with multiple physical complaints (referable to different organ systems), Formal diagnostic criteria require the recording of at least 4 pains: - 2 gastrointestinal, - 1 sexual and - 1 pseudo-neurologic symptom | Psychiatry | null |
2b182e6f-9b6b-4efe-9d33-878da2a0ba14 | A PATIENT WITH DIABETES AND COPD DEVELOPED POST OPERATIVE URINARY RETENTION .WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS USED FOR SO TERM TREATMENT TO RELIVE SYMPTOMS ? | BETHANECOL | METHANICOL | TERAZOSIN | TAMSULOSIN | 0a | single | BETHANECOL : ITS A M3 RECEPPTOR ANTAGONIST ITS USES ARE : FOR CONSTIPATION., PARALYTIC ILEUS, POST OPERATIVE URINARY RETENTION . REF : KD TRIPATHI 8TH ED | Pharmacology | All India exam |
dc34664f-e10d-48f8-b35e-60f5581c5775 | Which of the following parenteral anticoagulants is a dual coagulation factor inhibitor? | Clavatadine | Tifacogin | Tanogitran | Flovagatran | 2c | single | ClavatadineXla inhibitorTifacoginVIIa inhibitorTanogitranDual IIa/Xa inhibitorFlovagatranIIa inhibitor | Microbiology | All India exam |
4fdcd37a-28fc-4d51-a394-585853cdd5ae | Palatal abscess most commonly results from in infection of: | Maxillary centrals | Maxillary laterals | Maxillary canine | Maxillary premolars | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
47c0359c-faf5-4e2b-b746-f8a67b0f04a9 | A female presented with loss of vision in both eyes and on examination has normal pupillary responses and normal fundus, Her visually evoked response (VER) examination shows extinguished responses.The most likely diagnosis is - | Hysteria | Cortical blindness | Optic neuritis | Retinal detachment | 1b | multi | Lesions upto optic tract (i.e. retina, optic nerve, optic chiasma and optic tract) affect pupillary (light) reflex. In the question light reflex is normal, thus optic neuritis and retinal detachment can be ruled out.
Now we are left with hysteria and cortical blindness. This can be differentiated by VER which is normal... | Ophthalmology | null |
d2d54f1a-65c0-484d-b9d0-ebae2776ae7b | All of the following are required more during lactation as compared to pregnancy, except – | Iron | Vitamin A | Niacin | Energy | 0a | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
44aeba06-dc1f-4857-9415-714a65326bfa | A 65-yr-old man with H/O back pain since 3 months. ESR is raised. On examination marked stiffness and mild restriction of chest movements is found. On x-ray, syndesmophytes are present in vertebrae. Diagnosis is - | Ankylosing spondylitis | Degenerative osteoarthritis of spine | Ankylosing hyperosteosis | Lumbar canal stenosis | 0a | single | The clinical profile of the given case fits into Ankylosing spondylitis (A.S.) except for the age.
A.S. is usually seen in 2nd or 3rd decades of age with a median age of 23. However "in 5% ofpatients, symptoms begin after 40" - Harrison
All other features, i.e. raised ESR, marked stiffness, restriction of chest movemen... | Orthopaedics | null |
4fa4398c-4b8a-40e5-8eef-22ac7511360e | 38 weeks primi in early labour with transverse presentation, TOC is : | Allow for cervical dilatation | Internal podalic version | LSCS | Forceps | 2c | multi | Ans. is c i.e. LSCS | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6f63fc2f-9c92-452f-ad81-d59252a67755 | The amount of bleaching powder necessary to disinfect choleric stools, is - | 50 gm/lit | 75 gm/lit | 90 gm/lit | 100 gm/lit | 0a | single | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
77c4228f-92d5-43da-96e0-50fb638f6725 | Kupffers cells in liver are | Macrophages | Lymphocytic | Complimentary proteins | Coagulation proteins | 0a | single | A. i.e. (Macrophages) (54- Basic pathology 8th)Kupffer cells belonging to the reticuloendothelial systemsMarophages the dominant cells of chronic inflammation, are tissue cells derived from circulating blood monocytes, macrophages also found in(i) Liver - Kupffer cells(ii) Spleen and lymph node - Sinus histiocytes(iii)... | Pathology | Liver & Biliary Tract |
bc743a75-4822-42ae-b849-9b9336f81703 | Which of the following antifungal drug have a broad antifungal spectrum: March 2011 | Posaconazole | Miconazole | Ketoconazole | Clotrimazole | 0a | single | Ans. A: Posaconazole Posaconazole is the broadest spectrum anti fungal azole, and the only one with consistent activity against the Mucorales. | Skin | null |
c71bc934-3ce1-412c-a895-64e521207711 | Posterior relation of poal vein | 1st pa of duodenum | Hepatic aery | Bile duct | IVC | 3d | single | The poal vein usually measures approximately 8 cm in adults. It originates behind the neck of the pancreas and is classically formed by the confluence of the superior mesenteric and splenic veins. ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg282 , researchgate.net | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
dc8418e4-0961-48fd-bc14-5755bb78f205 | “Aschoff bodies” are seen in: | Rheumatoid arthritis | Rheumatic fever | Bacterial endocarditis | Marantic endocarditis | 1b | single | Rheumatic fever (RF)
Morphology
During acute RF, focal inflammatory lesions are found in various tissues.
Distinctive lesions occur in the heart, called Aschoff bodies, which consist of foci of lymphocytes (primarily T cells), occasional plasma cells, and plump activated macrophages called Anitschkow cells (Pathognomo... | Pathology | null |
1764a502-e249-492c-966d-bf2dfce4d839 | Which gene is involved in pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes mellitus? | CTLA-4 | ABCD1 | HNF-1 Alpha | HNF-4 Alpha | 0a | single | Polymorphism in promoter region of insulin gene, CTLA-4 contributes to susceptibility to type 1 Diabetes mellitus. The most common cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus is autoimmunity. Most patients have DR3 and/ or DR4 haplotype. | Medicine | Diabetes Mellitus |
68207102-4562-4569-97e4-1f6624c36d07 | Shortest acting competitive neuromuscular blocker? | Mivacurium | Pancuronium | Atracurium | Doxocurium | 0a | single | Ans. a (Mivacurium) (Ref. Anaesthesia by Ajay Yadav, 3rd ed., p 93)# MIVACURIUM is Shortest acting nondepolarising muscle relaxant is (10 min).MIVACURIUM# Among all nondepolarising muscle relaxants it has shortest duration of action,# Is an ideal M-relaxant for day care anesthesia.# Usually no reversal required.# Mivac... | Anaesthesia | Muscle Relaxant |
0e24833a-af54-4513-a1fa-003444a99210 | All are features of cleidocranial dysostosis except | Short stature | Wide foramen magnum | Short Metacarpals | Absent clavicle | 2c | multi | They usually have long 2nd metacarpal
Autosomal dominant condition | Orthopaedics | null |
dd5f2b26-cceb-4c01-b30c-6f3202700697 | Height in cms by cube root of body weight is known as: | Quetlet index | Brocas index | Ponderal index | Corpulence index | 2c | single | Ponderal index | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4b8699a1-6a5a-4a84-b909-8d6ffdee03ca | Which of the following is the most reliable bacteriological indicator of water pollution: September 2010, March 2012, March 2013 (a, b, f) | Fecal streptococci | Salmonella typhi | Escherichia coli | Clostridium tetani | 2c | single | Ans. C: Escherichia coli Coliforms: Gram-negative, non spore-forming, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped facultative anaerobic bacteria that ferment lactose to acid and gas within 24-48h at 36+-2degC. Not specific indicators of fecal pollution. Thermotolerant coliforms: Coliforms that produce acid and gas from lactose at 44.... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
f972da4d-5263-4c63-8932-c00265502f4f | A new drug is found to be highly lipid soluble. It is metabolized at a slower rate of 10% per hour. On intravenous injection, it produces general anaesthesia that lasts only for 15 min. This short duration of anaesthesia is due to: | Metabolism of the drug in liver | High plasma protein binding of the drug | Excretion of drug by kidney | Redistribution | 3d | single | - Highly lipid soluble drugs get initially distributed to organs with high blood flow (Brain, heart, kidney etc). Later to less vascular tissues (muscle, fat). The plasma concentration falls and the drug is withdrawn from these sites. If the site of action was in one of the highly perfused organs, redistribution result... | Pharmacology | null |
002baae2-e2cc-4da2-bed3-f5d052500586 | Investigation of choice for diagnosis of Acute Pancreatitis: | USG | Plain CT scan | CT scan with contrast | MRI Scan | 2c | single | Ans. CT scan with contrast | Radiology | null |
4187cd1d-7894-44cc-9f11-4b7bc2aa6ccf | Spontaneous abortion in 1st trimester is caused by:a) Trisomy 21b) Monosomy c) Traumad) Rh-incompatibility | ab | bc | acd | abc | 3d | single | Common causes of abortion | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
924af1dc-15db-4ac5-b7aa-b7772b72c0ef | The smoky stool is seen in which poisoning? | Phosphorus | Arsenic | Lead | Zinc | 0a | single | Ans. is 'A' i.e., Phosphorus Acute poisoning of phosphorus* Breath smells of garlic.* Vomitus and stools may be luminous in the dark.* Smoky stool syndrome Faint fumes may emanate from the stools.* Manifestations of liver damage - tender hepatomegaly, jaundice which may progress to an olive green hue, flapping tremor o... | Unknown | null |
d2f60c4b-b1e8-43c7-9224-a86ab75ef332 | Antagonism between acetylcholine and atropine: | Competitive antagonism | Physiological antagonism | Noncompetitive antagonism | None | 0a | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
4462827c-2854-4700-88db-4ef53c5e05b7 | A 24 years old primigravida wt = 57 kg, Hb 11,0 gm% visits an antenatal clinic during 2nd trimester of pregnancy seeking advice on dietary intake. She should be advised - | Additional intake of 300 K.cal | Additional intake of 500 K.cal | Additional intake of 650 K.cal | None | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'None' o Females have increased energy requirments during vulnerable periods such as lactation & pregnancy. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
d9d177c1-4686-4d2e-8763-12bdba6d8fdd | The following instrument is used to measure | Pressure | Direction of wind | Humidity | Air cooling | 2c | single | Sling Psychrometer is used to measure both the dry bulb and wet bulb temperatures at the time. These temperatures are a measure of humidity content in the air.kata thermometer consisting principally of an alcohol thermometer used to measure air cooling. | Microbiology | All India exam |
b09bff81-f66c-4b06-8957-d3ba0dc681d6 | Which vessel causes Wallenburgs syndrome is: | Pontine | Posterior Cerebral | Posterior inferior cerebellar aery | Veebral aery | 2c | multi | Posterior inferior cerebellar aery | Anatomy | null |
d23a81a9-ea5d-4b26-9c23-94809e3e7b63 | False about tibia-fibula is ? | Nutrient aery of tibia is from posterior tibial aery | Nutrient aery of fibula is from peroneal aery | Proximal end of tibia is related to common peroneal nerve | Tibia is the most common site of osteomyelitis | 2c | multi | Common peroneal nerve is related to neck of fibula (not tibia). Nutrient aery of tibia is a branch of posterior tibial aery. Nutrient aery of fibula is a branch of peroneal aery. Tibia is the commonest site of osteomyelitis. | Anatomy | null |
4981ae0f-8693-47d9-81ff-a0551dfd97e9 | Which of the following is used for the treatment of Myopia – | Nd–YAG LASER | Excimer Laser | Carbamazepine | SSRI | 1b | single | Most commonly used procedures in refractive surgery are performed with an excimer laser. | Ophthalmology | null |
17d7f688-97e7-4a2f-85d5-c62bbbbf3ca3 | All of the following are histopathologic features of sympathetic ophthalmia except: | Necrosis | Giant cells located within the choroid | T lymphocytes | Eosinophils | 0a | multi | Necrosis Necrosis is not generally seen in sympathetic ophthalmia. Lymphocytes, giant cells, and eosinophils are seen within the choroid. Some have stated that eosinophils may be seen in early disease, before granulomatous inflammation is present, although this is not, diagnostic. | Surgery | null |
5a890826-917a-4326-a56b-34a04cf87da2 | Alcoholics may develop fatal lactic acidosis due to inhibition of which of the following enzyme? | Pyruvate dehydrogenase | Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase | Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | Phosphoglycerate kinase | 0a | single | Pyruvate is decarboxylated by the pyruvate dehydrogenase component of the enzyme complex to a hydroxyethyl derivative of the thiazole ring of enzyme-bound thiamin diphosphate. Arsenite and mercuric ions react with the 'SH groups of lipoic acid and inhibit pyruvate dehydrogenase, as does a dietary deficiency of thiamin ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
9d62a812-e42e-4c83-a2ac-c46daf83b9c8 | A 16 year old athlete boy was diagnosed with an isolated avulsion fracture of the lesser tubercle of the humerus. It is caused by the forceful contraction of which of the following muscles ? | Teres minor | Subscapularis | Supraspinatus | Infraspinatus | 1b | single | The subscapularis muscle is inseed on the lesser tubercle of the humerus. Forceful contraction of subscapularis muscle to resist the abduction and external rotation of the shoulder may cause an isolated avulsion fracture of lesser trochanter. Ref : Gray's Anatomy The Anatomical Basics of Clinical Practice 41e pg 806. | Anatomy | Upper limb |
260f1665-0e0e-4477-b063-38c597e72fdb | Which of the following is the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis? | microsomal 7-a hydroxylase | mitochondrial 7-a hydroxylase | microsomal 17-a hydroxylase | mitochondrial 17-a hydroxylase | 0a | single | microsomal 7-a hydroxylaseis rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid synthesis The first intermediate in the synthesis of bile acids is 7a-hydroxycholesterol It is catalyzed by the enzyme 7a-hydroxylase, a microsomal CYP450 enzyme, which requires NADPH, oxygen, and vitamin C as co-factors. | Biochemistry | Cholesterol synthesis and bile acids |
c1781abc-8e33-41e2-b407-c49cfb918bb6 | Inconclusive autopsy is known as? | No cause of death is found on gross as well as histopathological examination | Cause is apparent on gross examination but not on histopathological examination | Gross finding are minimal | Cause is apparent on gross examination but not found because of constrains on the part of doctor | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., No cause of death is found on gross as well as histopathological examination Types of autopsy1) Normal autopsy - cause is apparent from gross examination2) Defective autopsy - cause was ascertainable, but was not ascertained due to constrains on the part of doctor, hospital, facilities etc3) Obscure a... | Forensic Medicine | Death and Investigations |
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