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INTRODUCTION {#SEC1}
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Although many processes, which occur in the archaeal cell are exclusively present in this unique third domain of life, other processes are often a mosaic of bacterial and eukaryotic properties. This is especially the case for information processing, like the regulation of transcriptio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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When we started the process of creating this special issue of *Public Health,* we were seeking to respond to an increasing call to recognise gambling harms as a public health problem and to address concerns about a potential growing epidemic of harms that threatened the health and well-being of populations across the g... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Type II REases recognize defined DNA sequences and cleave within or in close, defined vicinity of this particular sequence. These enzymes, in the form of monomers, dimers or tetramers, typically act independently of the associated methyltransferase. They cut DNA generating either 'blu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec0001}
===============
1.1. PTSD heterogeneity {#sec0002}
-----------------------
Modern medicine has demonstrated a substantial interest in exploring heterogenous subtypes of psychiatric illness, corresponding to the characterization of unique psychopathology and associated aberrant neural circui... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Humans and their closest evolutionary relatives, the chimpanzees and bonobos, differ from one another in morphological, cognitive, behavioural and physiological traits \[[@pone.0134548.ref001]--[@pone.0134... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#s1}
============
Ca^2+^-activated K^+^ channels (SK and BK channels, collectively K~Ca~) are known to play various roles that i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Immunotherapy, including anticancer vaccination and adoptive transfer of tumour-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes, has been considered as a promising treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), although its effects on tumour regression remain limited ([@bib40]; [@bib24]). The inefficacy of such therapie... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
The results of many epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease and develops mainly in women during menopause. The most important modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis include the ones connected with lifestyle, among which the most... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Oral cancer is a major devastating head and neck cancer subtype and is any cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity or oropharynx \[[@CR1]\]. There are several types of oral cancers, but around 90% of oral cancers are squamous cell carcinomas. Oral cancer is the sixth most c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
AFTER CATASTROPHE, WE SEEK INDIVIDUALS TO BLAME {#sec1}
===============================================
After a disaster such as the COVID-19 pandemic, there will be an irresistible desire to blame others. People will attribute intentionality to actions that were purely accidental and deem people careless for failing ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
The National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) reported in 2018 that cardiovascular diseases are the primary cause of death in Mexico.^\[[@R1]\]^ The most important risk factors for the onset of these diseases are high levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotei... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Cloud storage provides an elastic, highly available, easily accessible, and cheap data repository to users who do not want to maintain their own storage or just for convenience, and such a way of storing data becomes more and more popular. In many cases, especially when the user... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Strengths and limitations of this study
- This is the first review that seeks to identify the greatest amount of information related to mechanical ventilation settings and monitoring during physical therapy interventions.
- This study follows a recommended method to answer research questions through a scop... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Although it is generally accepted that type 1 diabetes is associated with ten percent less bone mineral density (BMD) value compared with no diabetic adults,[@B1],[@B2] there is no consensus on osteoporosis risk in people with type 2 diabetes. Nicodemus and Folsom[@B3] found that women with t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Marine environments have become an easily reasonable exposure site for pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. PAHs are a group of environmental contaminants formed during the incomplete combustion of organic materials such as coal, fossil xfuel, and wood, as well as f... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The third author's name is spelled incorrectly. The correct name is: Dirk Spitzer. The correct citation is: Zhong H, Sanchez C, Spitzer D, Plambeck-Suess S, Gibbs J, Hawkins WG, et al. (2013) Synergistic Effects of Concurrent Blockade of PI3K and MEK Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer Preclinical Models. PLoS ONE 8(10): e77... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
Pregnancy causes major changes in all systems of the body. Physiological changes protect the fetus, support development, and also prepare the mother for birth. These changes affect the cardiovascular, renal, pulmonary, endocrine, metabolic, hematologic and visual systems.^[@ref1]^ For e... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Molecular phylogenetic studies of maples, *Acer* L. (Sapindaceae), have relied mainly on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) ([@b10-ebo-02-07]; [@b1-ebo-02-07]; [@b60-ebo-02-07]; [@b53-ebo-02-07]; [@b64-ebo-02-07]). To the extent that they overlapped i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Cancer is the leading cause of human deaths worldwide. Cancer therapeutics are intensively studied, and immunotherapy represents one of the novel promising therapeutic approaches. In this type of therapy, the immune system is recruited to fight against tumor development and expansion,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#s1}
==========
A sophisticated olfactory system is a key physiological trait for insect survival and reproduction. Olfaction is crucial to many behaviors, including feeding, mating, toxin avoidance, and negative taxis [@pone.0067151-Zhou1]. Previous studies have shown that the major olfactory-related prot... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
As more and more protein sequences become available with their structures undetermined, recognizing functional signatures directly from sequences is particularly desirable in functional proteomics ([@b1]--[@b3]). Automatic discovery of patterns in unaligned biological sequences is an importan... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
***Background.*** Transmission efficacy of Influenza in aerosols is dependent on environmental factors such as temperature, relative humidity (RH), air flow, and UV-light. We studied the impact of these factors on the recovery of an aerosolized wild-type Influenza virus.
***Methods.*** Influenza A virus (A/WS/33 H1N1)... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s01}
============
The ATR kinase plays a crucial role in normal physiology by functioning as an apical organizer of the cellular response to DNA replication stress, a deleterious condition caused by the slowing or stalling of replication forks ([@bib22]). Replication stress is a recognized driver of gen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Some 'good-genes' models of sexual selection predict that attractive males or males that are superior competitors in intrasexual selection are of high genetic quality and hence offer indirect genetic benefits to females ([@bib47]). Empirical tests of such models need to control ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
D. Yang, F. C. Löhrer, V. Körstgens, A. Schreiber, B. Cao, S. Bernstorff, P. Müller‐Buschbaum, In Operando GISAXS and GIWAXS Stability Study of Organic Solar Cells Based on PffBT4T‐2OD:PC~71~BM with and without Solvent Additive. Adv. Sci. 2020, 7, 2001117 10.1002/advs.202001117
Solar energy harvested with organic sola... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#S0001}
================
Angiogenesis is the process of new blood vessel formation \[[@CIT0001]\]. It occurs throughout life in both health and disease and relies on migration, proliferation, and differentiation of endothelial cells (ECs), which line the inside wall of blood vessels. In established v... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Most cases of end stage renal disease (ESRD) are caused by diabetes, and the number of cases has increased numerically and proportionally during the last few decades. Diabetic nephropathy, which causes the adverse outcomes of kidney failure, cardiovascular disease and premature death, is now ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The Internet and social media provide a powerful avenue for information exchange and the development of opinions on a diversity of issues. The wide variety of sources makes it difficult for a reader to navigate among different trustworthy or/and misleading stories, suggestions a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Soresina A, Moratto D, Chiarini M, et al. Two X‐linked agammaglobulinemia patients develop pneumonia as COVID‐19 manifestation but recover. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020;00:1--5. 10.1111/pai.13263
The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1111/pai.13263
Key MessagePatients... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Has the time come to put to bed the concept of a harm threshold when discussing the ethics of reproductive decision making and the legal limits that should be placed upon it? This is the question asked by Anna Smajdor in her article in this issue. For her, the answer is a resounding y... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental illness. Some studies show up to 90% of individuals with mental disorders live with relatives who provide long-term practical and emotional support for them ([@B1], [@B2]) and caregivers' burden increases with more contact with patient and the time patients l... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Fast and accurate discrimination of where another person is looking at, especially the judgment of whether another individual is making eye contact or not, is an important skill supporting social interaction. Not only humans use their eyes to capture visual information, but also to signal the... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Core tip:** B cells lymphoma is one of the most challenging extra-hepatic manifestations of hepatitis C virus. Recently, a new kind of B-cell lymphoma, named Double-hit B, was characterized with an aggressive clinical course. This is the first case described in literature of double hit lymphoma with co-existing chron... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Lung cancer (LC) is the most deadly type of cancer and represents a major public health problem worldwide. It is the leading cause of cancer-related death in Brazil and in the world, with 1.3 million deaths annually.( [@B01] ) Another major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in deve... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-cells-06-00048}
===============
The liver is one of the largest organs in the body, weighing up to 1.5 kg (3.3 lb.) in adults \[[@B1-cells-06-00048]\]. Interestingly, although this can constitute only \~2.5% of body weight, the liver receives around 25% of the cardiac output \[[@B2-cells-06-0004... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The hormone receptor status in breast cancer (BC) is crucial for deciding treatment regimen for BC patients. The presence of estrogen receptor (ER) predicts treatment response to endocrine therapy, primarily due to its role in driving ER positive breast cancer cells to proliferate^[@C... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
ERRATUM {#h0.0}
=======
Volume 7, no 3, doi:10.1128/mBio.00281-16, 2016. On PDF page 5, first column, the GenBank accession number "1910160" should be updated to "[KX174310](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KX174310)." The correct URL is [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KX174310](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuc... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Epidural injections are one of the most commonly utilized treatment modalities for managing chronic low back pain with or without lower extremity pain.[@b1-jpr-5-301]--[@b12-jpr-5-301] Despite increasing utilization of lumbar epidural injections, significant debate continues regarding their e... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Iliopsoas impingement (IPI) is an uncommon cause of persistent pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Previous studies have demonstrated an incidence as high as 4.3% after THA.[@bib1] IPI after THA often occurs because of hardware irritation. Most commonly, it is due to anterior overhang of the acetabular component, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For applications of the 3,5-dichlorosalicylaldehydate ligand in the preparation of Schiff base--metal complexes, see: Akitsu *et al.* (2009[@bb7]); Akitsu & Einaga (2005*a* [@bb4],*b* [@bb5]); Akitsu (2007[@bb1]). For *trans* and *cis* forms of complexes, see: Akitsu & Ein... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Ageing is a multifactorial process developing at different rates depending on individual, environmental, and life style factors.^([@B1])^ Ageing is among others a substantial risk factor for most human diseases. The underlying mechanism of the aging process is still unclear. Ageing is charact... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Several reports on the chemistry of 4-thiazolidinones have been published \[[@B1-molecules-06-00510],[@B2-molecules-06-00510],[@B3-molecules-06-00510],[@B4-molecules-06-00510],[@B5-molecules-06-00510],[@B6-molecules-06-00510]\], but literature reports on reactions of 4-oxo-2-thioxo-thiazolidi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Waisberg DR, Abdala E, Nacif LS, et al. Liver transplant recipients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the early postoperative period: Lessons from a single center in the epicenter of the pandemic. Transpl Infect Dis. 2020;00:e13418 10.1111/tid.13418
ABTO
: Brazilian Association of Organ Transplantation
ACR
: acute ce... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The efficacy and safety of statin therapy are well established. However, despite their favourable profile, muscle symptoms reported with statin therapy limit their use negatively impacting adherence and cardiovascular benefits of this treatment. It is important that clinicians are cautious before attributing muscle sym... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Strengths and limitations of this study
This protocol complies with the PRISMA-P guidelines.We will employ the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to establish the certainty of the evidence on the effectiveness of reminders in improving childhood immunisation coverage.Non-... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
In the last decade, the zebrafish (*Danio rerio*) was identified as a new genetic system in which to analyze hematopoietic development. Hematopoiesis in zebrafish is similar to that in mammals and other higher vertebrates whose representative blood cell types include the erythroid, thrombocyt... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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[^1]: Read at a Meeting of the Tuberculosis Society of Scotla... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Cassava (*Manihot esculenta* Crantz) is an important tropical root crop that plays an important role not only in ensuring food security, but also in various bioindustrial applications such as animal feed, modified starch and biofuels \[[@B1]\],\[[@B2]\]. Because cassava is native to tropical regi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Abbreviations {#s1-1}
=============
DENV, dengue virus; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; HE, hematoxylin and eosin; MEM, minimum essential medium; p.i., post-infection; ZIKV, zika virus.
Introduction {#s1-2}
============
Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the *Flavivirus* genus within the *Flaviviridae* family \[[@R... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Dendritic cells (DC) constitute a heterogeneous population of leukocytes that interconnect the innate and the adaptive immune response, in particular through their capacity to activate naïve T lymphocytes ([@B1]). DC depend on several growth factors for their proliferation, survival, an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a hepatotropic DNA virus infecting humans for more than 1500 years \[[@ref1]\]. To date, HBV is a leading cause of liver diseases worldwide, with more than 350 million people being persistently infected and at high risk developing liver failure, cirrhosis ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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The dataset supporting this article is available on the ORDA (Online Research Data) database (provided by figshare), DOI: [10.15131/shef.data.12732824](https://doi.org/10.15131/shef.data.12732824).
Introduction {#sec001}
============
During the last decade, the human-robot or robot environment interactions have been ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The new pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in late 2019, disrupting health systems and critical care, even within the most developed heath systems and economies ([@B1]). As of April 22nd, 2020, 2.5 million confirmed cases of COVID... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Posterior fossa extra dural hematoma (PFEDH) is rare, although it is the commonest traumatic lesion of the posterior fossa.\[[@ref1]\] The Posterior fossa is an unfavorable location of a hematoma. The relative infrequency combined with the paucity of early signs makes PFEDH dangerou... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are one of the most costly natural hazards impacting on coastal regions across the world^[@CR1]--[@CR3]^ and there is an increasing trend of TC related billion-dollar disasters in the US^[@CR4]^. Over 70% of total tropical cyclone damage in the North Atlantic i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The planetary albedo and energy budget of the Earth is strongly regulated by clouds. An increase in anthropogenic aerosol typically increases cloud condensation nuclei and cloud droplet number concentration ($N_{d}$). As $N_{d}$ increases, the Twomey effect predicts an increase in cloud albedo and decrease in cloud dro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immunologically driven, progressive, long-term condition. It is characterised by persistent synovitis, systemic inflammation and detectable autoantibodies, including rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody \[[@CR1]\]. Ongoing joint ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Synaptonemal complex protein 1 (SYCP1) belongs to a group of proteins that form the synaptonemal complex, which is crucial to the process of meiotic recombination (Page and Hawley [@CR55]; Zickler and Kleckner [@CR84]). Specifically, SYCP1 forms the transverse filaments that link the ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
*Rehmannia glutinosa* Libosch, one of the most common and important medicinal plants in China, is recorded in Chinese medical classic 'Shennong's Herba'. *R. glutinosa* based on the different processing methods is classified into three categories, namely fresh roots, dried roots (Dihuang)... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{.216}
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Innate-like T cells (CD1-restricted T cells or MHC-related molecule-1 (MR1)-restricted T cells) are classified as innate lymphoid cells that have features similar to those of the cells involved in acquired immunity, such as T cell receptor (TCR) expression ([@B1]). However, their TCR re... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Background
==========
Minocycline is a second-generation tetracycline antibiotic derivative that effectively crosses the blood-brain barrier \[[@B1]\], and which has a proven safety record in humans \[[@B2]\]. Minocycline has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in animal models of cerebral ischaemia \[[@B3],... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The circadian system supplies organisms with a means to adapt their internal physiology to the continuously changing environmental stimuli that exist on a rotating planet \[[@B1]\]. The central pacemaker is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and coordinates, via neur... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Diabetes is a chronic disease requiring substantial patient engagement and self-management for successful control. Despite well-established clinical guidelines, most persons with diabetes struggle with managing their diet, physical activity, and glucose self-monitoring [@pone.0048549-Gl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Indigo is one of the most popular dyestuffs widely used in dyeing by the textile, food and pharmaceutical industries. Although it used to be produced by extraction of plants such as *Indigofera* and *Polyg... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Cisplatin is a widely used anti-cancer agent that has been used in non-small cell lung, esophagus, bladder, endometrium, ovary and testicular cancers, as well as many other types of cancers^[@CR1],[@CR2]^. However, its side effects, such as ototoxicity, renal toxicity and neurotoxicit... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The intrauterine hyperglycaemia in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is supposed to be an important factor that predisposes offspring to obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) \[[@B1], [@B2]\]. However, the mechanisms connecting intrauterine exposure to hypergly... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Obesity is a major long-term concern in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive (HIV+) persons given their increased cardiovascular risk \[[@OFU040C1]\], and the pathogenic link of obesity to diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease \[[@OFU040C2], [@OFU040C3]\], and all-cause mortality \[[@OFU040C4]\]. Soon after ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Data-independent acquisition (DIA)[^1^](#G1){ref-type="fn"} is gaining more and more interest as a method for reliable and comprehensive label-free quantification (LFQ) of proteomics data and was already successfully applied in several clinical and biomarker discovery studies ([@B1][@B2][@B3]--[@B4]). So far, most liqu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#SEC1}
============
Many bioinformatics workflows, especially those that process genomic and epigenomic next generation sequencing (NGS) data, produce expansive data sets in the form of genomic ranges defined by chromosome, start position and end position and can represent phenomena such as somatic mutat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
[^1]: **Session:** 235. Diagnostics - Diarrheal Disease
*Saturday, October 7, 2017: 12:30 PM*
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Methadone was developed in Germany in 1937 and introduced to the United States (US) in 1947 \[[@CR1]\]. It is a prescription opioid and is currently one of the primary options for the medication-assisted therapy of opioid use disorder \[[@CR2]\] and for alleviating chronic pain. However, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
I. Introduction
===============
Angiogenesis is observed in inflammatory reactions, wound healing, and immune reactions. Within tumors, new blood vessel growth is essential for progression and metastasis[@B1]. The term angiogenesis was first used in 1971 by Folkman, and researchers have advised that tumors can grow by... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The blood-feeding female of phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) include natural vectors of protozoa of the genus *Leishmania* (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), which are the parasitic causative agents of mammalian leishmaniasis ([@b6-ijad-3-22]). There are approxim... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Plant mating systems are highly diverse and have profound effects on reproductive success under variable ecological conditions. Self-fertilization (selfing) may be adaptive when mates or pollinators are limited, as originally proposed by Darwin, because it confers reproductive assurance... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Development of a safe and effective prophylactic HIV vaccine remains enormously challenging, due to the virus\'s high diversity and our limited understanding of immune correlates of protection. While most effective vaccines are designed to mimic natural infection and protective immune r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Alcohol consumption is one of the major risk factors for death and disease worldwide.^[@r01],[@r02]^ Korea is among the countries with the highest alcohol consumption in the world, and alcohol is the second leading cause of disability-adjusted life years (DALY).^[@r02]^ Since Koreans consume ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare developmental defect of the diaphragm, causing considerable morbidity and mortality^[@CR1],[@CR2]^. Morphological changes are present from an early developmental stage, consisting of increased muscularization of the pulmonary vessels, ra... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage, sclerosis of the subchondral bone, and marginal osteophyte formation. OA is associated with chronic pain, stiffness, decreased range of motion and joint deformity, muscle wasting, and tendonitis. The diagnosis of... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Iron is a critical micronutrient for both plant and animal nutrition, serving as a required co-factor for a variety of cellular processes. Iron deficiency anemia is one of the leading human nutritional disorders worldwide, affecting 43% of the population of developing countries \[[@B1]\]For most ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Correction to: *Nature Communications*; 10.1038/s41467-018-05461-5, published online 06 August 2018
The original version of this Article contained errors in the second sentence in the legend of Fig. 1, which incorrectly read 'These two elastic insulators are identical in lattice constant *a* (3*a*~0~), plate thickness... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The Xizang (Tibet) autonomous region, located in the southwestern area of China, is the main part of the Tibetan Plateau known as "the roof of the world", averaging 4,000 m in elevation. The region is of key importance to the ecological security of China and southeastern Asia, and contains so... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Solar driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a promising route to directly store solar energy in the chemical bonds of hydrogen. Due to the limitation of available materials capable of overall PEC water splitting, a tandem cell is likely required to efficiently convert solar ene... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction to *Paenibacillus* {#Sec1}
===============================
Bacteria belonging to the genus *Paenibacillus* have been isolated from a variety of environments, with many of the species being relevant to humans, animals, plants, and the environment. The majority of them are found in soil, often associated wi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Key questions
What is already known?
======================
- Rapid transfer to a medical facility is a key mechanism through which ambulance-based emergency medical systems (EMS) improve trauma outcomes.
What are the new findings?
==========================
- Trauma victims are rapidly transported in De... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Adolescent alcohol problems are an important public health issue. Research has indicated an increasing prevalence of adolescent alcohol use disorders (AUDs) (i.e., alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence) over recent decades. Approximately 40 percent of people with an AUD developed their first symptoms between the ages of... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The plateau zokor, Myospalax baileyi, is small subterranean rodent that inhabits the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at elevations ranging from 2000 to 4200 m[@b1]. Zokors spend 85--90% of their lives in underground nests, which are usually greater than 2 m deep for females and approximately 1.5 m deep for males[@b2]. The depths... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s01}
============
Activation-induced deaminase (AID) is a crucial enzyme for the immune response because it generates high-affinity and switched antibodies in germinal center (GC) B cells by somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR; [@bib15]; [@bib32]). AID initiates SHM and CSR t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Infections of the respiratory tract are a major risk to patients with chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). The majority of acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) is associated with an acute respiratory infection, with viral and/or bacterial pa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
To the Editor: We report a successful treatment of a case diagnosed with double outlet right ventricle (DORV) with absent pulmonary valve (APV) and bronchiarctia.
The patient is a female of 14-year-old with body weight 44 kg, who was referred to our hospital for cardiac murmur and history of exercise intolerance and r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec-1}
===============
The outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is strongly dependent upon ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation \[1\]. Ovarian stimulation can delivery 2 unpleasant results as either hyper or low response \[2\]. Due to these conditions, ovarian response prediction before st... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Protocol
========
1. Removal of the Abdominal Mammary Gland and Preparing a Whole Mount
---------------------------------------------------------------------
1. Euthanize the animal according to the IACUC guidelines. Pin the animal on its back from its legs with needles, or tape the legs ont... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Signaling by the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway is a central regulator of cell growth, metabolism, and survival ([@B89]; [@B183]). PI3K-Akt signaling is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in many different cells and tissues, and at various stages of developm... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{.253}
{.254}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Abbreviations {#nomen0010}
=============
CHP
: Combined Heat and Power
DC
: District Cooling
DH
: District Heating
EE
: Energy Efficiency
EED
: Energy Efficiency Directive
EEOS
: Energy efficiency obligation scheme
EMS
: Energy management systems
ESR
: Effort Sharing Regulation
EUR
: ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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