text stringlengths 1 1.05M | meta dict |
|---|---|
Introduction {#S1}
============
Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent and severe chronic neurological disorders, afflicting approximately 50 million people worldwide. It often features the generation of spontaneous and recurrent seizures in the affected brain area including the hippocampus ([@B9]; [@B20]; [@B19]), fin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background and goal of study
============================
This study reports of a new way to verify the recruitment of atelectatic areas with a mobile CT, in patients who are served superimposed high frequency jet ventilation (SHFJV) \[[@B1]\].
Material and methods
====================
After institutional approval f... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Genetically identical cells have the capacity to stochastically differentiate into various phenotypes each with it own with unique attributes. This hedge survival strategy allows the population to continuously deploy specialized cells in response to, and in anticipation of, possible drastic changes in conditions[@b1][@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Vertebral osteomyelitis is a bacterial infection of the bones of the spine resulting from hematogenous spread, direct inoculation, or contiguous spread from soft tissue infection \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. It is most often encountered at the lumbar levels, followed by thoracic and cervical level... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .203}
{#sp2 .204}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
A large number of poorly water-soluble drugs and drug candidates have significant bioavailability problems which limit their therapeutic efficiency or development beyond an early stage. For Biopharmaceutics Classification System II drugs, which are characterized by low solubility and high per... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Amino acids are much more than mere building blocks of proteins: their different chemical properties dictate the catalytic activity of enzymes, protein half-life and a plethora of different post-translational modifications that govern protein function. This essay concentrates on the rol... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The lupus anticoagulant (LA), most commonly an immunoglobulin, is an immediate-acting coagulation inhibitor found in a variety of autoimmune disorders and sometimes found in otherwise healthy individuals.[@b1-jbm-2-087] It appears to be directed specifically against the phospholipids moiety o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-metabolites-10-00255}
===============
In view of the resemblance between mice (*Mus musculus*) and humans on genetic, anatomical, physiological, and pathophysiological levels, the mouse is nowadays considered to be the most common model in biomedical research, as well as the most published and w... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Attachment theory is an evolutionary-based theory of a specific type of intimate human social relationship conceived to have a major developmental influence from "the cradle to the grave" (Bowlby, [@B7], [@B8]). According to attachment theory, the foundation of the attachment relationsh... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women (American Cancer Society) \[[@R1]\]. Heterogeneity of BC has been documented in BC diagnoses and therapies over the past two decades. The identification of heterogeneous biomarkers and molecular-driven therapies bene... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Clinical characterisation of fundus albipunctatus {#Sec2}
-------------------------------------------------
Fundus albipunctatus (FA; MIM 136880) is a rare, hereditary, in most cases stationary, retinal disease, which is characterised by impaired night vision and numerous small, whit... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
As the impacts of human activities on our planet continue to increase^[@CR1]^, all ecosystems are profoundly altered. Aquatic systems, particularly rivers, are recognized as being highly degraded in terms of both species diversity and ecological functioning^[@CR2]^. The rate of declin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#jve11-sec-0005}
============
HIV enters the central nervous system (CNS) in primary HIV infection (PHI), most likely via the migration of infected immune cells across the blood--brain barrier [@jve11-bib-0001]. In untreated patients, HIV can be detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) throughout the course... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s0005}
============
Apical organs are found in the larval stages of phylogenetically diverse animal groups ([Fig. 1](#f0005){ref-type="fig"}A) such as anthozoan cnidarians, protostomes (e.g. molluscs and annelids) and deuterostomes (e.g. echinoderms and hemichordates). The functions of apical organs are... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
In measuring γ-ray spectra it is frequently necessary to remove the effects of the resolution of the detector from an observed pulse height distribution. This is known as "unfolding", "unscrambling", or "unsmearing". To do this a matrix representing the response of the detector must be ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Ovarian tumors are a group of molecularly and etiologically heterogeneous cancers \[[@CR1]\], and are the fifth most common cause of cancer related mortality among women. The current standard of therapy is debulking surgery and combination chemotherapy, consisting of a taxane (e.g. paclit... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Bovine ovariectomy is considered a necessary farm animal management technique, not only for research on reproductive endocrinology \[[@r10], [@r13]\], but also for improving feeding efficiency in feeder cattle \[[@r15]\] and for treating ovarian diseases, such as ovarian tumors and granulosa cell tumors \[[@r3], [@r7],... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrine malignancy with a prevalence of 335,000 and incidence of 37,200 in the United States in 2009 \[[@B1]\]. Differentiated thyroid carcinoma, namely papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma, makes up about 94% of these cases. Despite ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
In some clinical situations, such as root canal overinstrumentation, apical resorption and teeth with open apices, there may be extrusion of the filling material, either gutta-percha, root canal sealer or both, due to the difficulty or impossibility to lock the master gutta-percha cone. In th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Soybean is ranked among the most important agricultural food crops, being an essential part of food security (Akibode and Maredia [@CR2]). Production of pulses, groundnuts and soybean have followed an increasing trend with the global production tripling from 148 million tons in 1980--1982... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
In the past decade, there has been an increased interest in the photocatalytic degradation of various kinds of organic pollutants in water and soil \[[@R1]\]. Many of these pollutants, particularly dyes, are carcinogenic and mutagenic \[[@R2]\]. Thus, there is an urgent need for removal of th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
See related research by Bøyesen *et al.*, <http://arthritis-research.com/content/11/4/R103>
The elegant study by Bøyesen and colleagues \[[@B1]\] in the previous issue of *Arthritis Research & Therapy*, in which they observed the changes in hand bone mineral density (BMD) using digital x-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) in 16... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
A fence is a useful windbreak because of its effect on wind erosion[@b1][@b2][@b3][@b4], sand movement and deposition[@b5][@b6][@b7], microclimate[@b8][@b9] and soil conditions[@b10] ([Fig. 1](#f1){ref-type="fig"}). Many studies have been conducted to study the influence of the shape, height, spacing and porosity of a ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Published: April 3, 2012
Introduction {#sec1}
============
The three-dimensional structures revealed by X-ray analysis and other molecular imaging techniques provide a vast amount of information on the structural, functional, and evolutionary relationships among proteins. Discovery and comprehension of the often deli... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .290}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Numerous NGS pipelines and tools have been developed in recent years that are valuable to users in the field, but also create confusion in selecting the desired tool. Some of the commercial NGS pipelines are CLC genomics workbench, DNASTAR, CASAVA, Genious, Genomatix Solutions, GenoMiner,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1}
============
Tobacco use is a leading preventable cause of death worldwide; the situation is more morbid in developing nations like India^[@cit0001]^. In India, nearly 1 in 10 adolescents in the age group 13--15 years have ever smoked cigarettes and almost half of these report initiating tobacco u... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In the time span of 4 months, everything has changed in the life. The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has laid waste to the daily routines we practiced automatically. The most basic assumptions of how we plan our day, and how we practice medicine are gone, and in their place we socially isolate, and we ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1}
============
Esophageal cancer is one of the common aggressive malignant tumors, with a high ratio of tumor recurrence and mortality \[[@B1]\], esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) occupies major portion \[[@B2]\]. Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG), is a representative mali... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
With rapid advances in the field of sports medicine, many pathologies hitherto inaccessible to arthroscopic surgery have now been rendered to the realm of the arthroscopist. Rotator cuff tears have been seen in this purview ever since Wolf \[[@B1]-[@B4]\] did the first all arthroscopic repair. Ma... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Obesity is the most common chronic disease in highly developed countries and is one of the most important health risks of our time \[[@CIT0001]\]. Its prevalence has been constantly growing worldwide since the mid 1970s, including among children and youth \[[@CIT0002], [@CIT0003]\]. ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
*Allium* plants (Allieae), such as garlic, onion, and chives, have been cultivated as not only foodstuffs but also medicinal plants in the worldwide from ancient. For example, the extract of *Allium* plants, such as garlic, has shown anticancer, antidiabetic, and antibacterial effects. ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
*Yersinia enterocolitica* is widely distributed in the natural world; and being one of the few intestinal bacteria that can grow at low temperatures, the animal hosts of *Y. enterocolitica* are widely distributed, including livestock, poultry, rodents, reptiles, and aquatic animals. It ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
The critical power test is a reliable tool to understand fatigue processes, evaluate human performance \[[@pone.0192552.ref001]\] and prescribe training as it is able to provide aerobic and anaerobic param... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Article summary
Article focus
=============
- The European Prospective Investigation of Cancer-Norfolk Eye Study is part of a European population-based cohort study, with participants now aged 48--92 years old.
- This paper describes the prevalence of small eyes, proportion with visual impairment, and ass... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Parotidectomy is a commonly employed surgical procedure to remove parotid gland tumors of certain types. The surgical approach can be anterograde or retrograde in type. The former aims to initially identify the facial nerve main trunk, and then trace it forward to dissect the tu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#sec1}
==================
X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a well established technique to analyse the crystallographic structure of bulk materials and layers. (100)-oriented Si is the most frequently used substrate in microelectronics. To a lesser extent, (111)-oriented Si also finds application. One st... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
A 54-year-old man with acrofacial vitiligo of 15 years duration presented with gradual onset of progressively increasing depigmented, translucent, skin-colored raised lesions strictly restricted to the vitiliginous patches on the dorsum of the hands and feet since the past 1 year. Clinical examination revealed discrete... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
'Ring-enhancing brain lesions with clinical presentation of focal seizures and inconclusive diagnostic features on anatomical neuroimaging modalities' is an area that continues to challenge attending neurologists with regard to the definitive etiologic diagnosis; therapeutic approaches are clearly different and an accu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Citation
========
Gutt J, Piepenburg D, Voß J (2014) Asteroids, ophiuroids and holothurians from the southeastern Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean). ZooKeys 434: 1--15. doi: [10.3897/zookeys.434.7622](10.3897/zookeys.434.7622)
Introduction
============
The southeastern Weddell Sea in the Atlantic Sector of the Southern O... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Concerns regarding blood transfusion-related risks exist in most countries, especially those of Europe and North America^([@r01]-[@r07])^. Likewise, in the international literature, there are numerous observations of the importance of hemovigilance in transfusions^([@r01]-[@r05],[@r08]-[@r11]... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Key messages
What is already known about this subject?
=========================================
- Caffeine is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine and can potentially impact on the fractional flow reserve (FFR) results. Patients undergoing adenosine perfusion scintigraphy studies are required to abstain fro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Tooth caries is a chronic disease possibly afflicting the erupted teeth of preschool-age children, which can cause pain and even death.\[[@ref1]\] *Streptococcus mutans* is a cariogenic bacterium and a predominant etiological factor in the incidence of tooth caries, which is found i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-diagnostics-10-00484}
===============
A ganglion cyst is a common soft tissue mass, usually forming over a joint or tendon, and commonly developing in the wrist on either the dorsal or volar side \[[@B1-diagnostics-10-00484]\]. It contains a thick and gel-like fluid with a connective tissue caps... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and cancer, are the main focus of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ^[@ref-1]^. Target 3.4 of the SDGs intends to decrease premature death through NCDs by one third up to 203... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Human skin is permanently in contact with microorganisms. Among these microorganisms are many beneficial members of the microbiota. In addition, the skin has to deal with potential pathogenic microorganisms causing partially severe skin infections. There is increasing evidence that anti... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background & Summary
====================
In retinal degenerative diseases, light-sensitive photoreceptors often die due to mutations in genes specifically expressed in these cells. This photoreceptor-specific defect will lead to a series of cellular changes, which would ultimately affect the well-being of the whole r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Emotion regulation is defined as "processes by which individuals influence which emotions they have, when they have them, and how they experience and express these emotions" (p. 275).[@b1-prbm-10-277] Emotion regulation deficits have been demonstrated to be a significant pathomechanism in one... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Optical microresonators[@b1] enable or enhance a diverse set of functions in integrated optical systems, spanning filtering and routing[@b2], switching and modulation[@b3], control of light emission[@b4], photodetection, and sensing. Low-volume optical modes are advantageous for a variety of reasons in all of these app... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Sequential human herpes virus (HHV) reactivation is well-known in drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), but a comparison study to investigate the association of HHV reactivation with other types of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (cADRs) is still lacking. Besides, the pa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .125}
{#sp2 .126}
{#sp3 .127}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Cortical autologous iliac crest bone grafts (ICBG) are widely used in orthopedic surgical procedures\[[@CR1]\], such as open wedge osteotomies\[[@CR2]--[@CR4]\], interposition arthrodeses\[[@CR5], [@CR6]\] and bone defects. Autologous bone grafts display excellent biological properties --... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Advances in the treatment and diagnosis of cancer and cardiovascular diseases have resulted in a great improvement in patient survival, but the growing population of long-term survivors has been compromised by the occurrence of comorbidities and complications throughout their li... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Bacteriophage PR772 is a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus with a 70 nm diameter icosahedral protein capsid encapsulating the internal lipid bilayer along with numerous proteins and a 15 kbp long linear genome. It belongs to the *Tectiviridae* family and infects gram negative hosts lik... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The human placenta has both maternal and fetal blood circulations, which exchange gases, nutrients and waste through the surface of the villous tree without mixture \[[@R1]\]: the maternal blood from the uterine arteries flows slowly into the intervillous space and returns to the uterine vein... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Lithium secondary batteries have been studied for large scale energy devices, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (ESSs), requiring high energy density and superior rate performance. The development of anode materials has been investigated due to importance of t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-polymers-11-01320}
===============
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is widely used in daily life and industrial fields due to its exceptional processability and mechanical properties amid rubbers and plastics. It principally consists of a long-chain polyester or polyether with relative high mole... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .274}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .403}
{#sp2 .404}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Currently, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide, and it is now considered to be a pandemic non-communicable disease. Up to 95% of patients suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is characterized by insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction \[[@b1-medscimonit-24-... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Plasmonics is a promising counterpart of nanophotonics which has witnessed major progresses in the control and manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) fields at extreme-subwavelength scales \[[@B1]--[@B3]\]. Central to all studies is the surface plasmon\'s unique capability to harv... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
From a clinical perspective, it is often difficult to distinguish amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from more treatable motor neuropathies early in the course of the illness, particularly in patients with pure lower motor neuron (LMN) involvement. [@pone.0027041-Kiernan1] For instance... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For background to the properties and uses of Schiff bases, see: Barton & Ollis (1979[@bb1]); Layer (1963[@bb8]); Ingold (1969[@bb7]); Cohen *et al.* (1964[@bb4]); Taggi *et al.* (2002[@bb14]). For hydrogen-bond motifs, see: Bernstein *et al.* (1995[@bb2]). For comparative ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially life-threatening condition that is associated with local and systemic complications \[[@gou088-B1], [@gou088-B2]\]. Pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) are an important and well recognized local complication of acute pancreatitis \[[@gou088-B1], [@gou0... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec0005}
===============
The inter-relationship between nutritional status and immune function continues to be the focus of research and debate [@bib0005; @bib0010]. It is well documented that acute and chronic deficiency of both macro- and micro-nutrients results in an impairment to a number of comp... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Detailed reaction-diffusion models to describe human atrial electrophysiology were first developed in the late 1990s \[[@pone.0190448.ref001]--[@pone.0190448.ref004]\] and are further developed until now. ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All Excel data files are available from the Dryad database (doi:[10.5061/dryad.h66cn](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.h66cn)).
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy affecting white-tailed deer (*Odocoileus virginianus*), mule deer (*Odocoile... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Exposure to antibiotics in childhood is thought to alter the intestinal microbiome \[[@CIT0001]\]. Observational studies in high-income settings have suggested that there are alterations in the intestinal microbiome in children receiving antibiotics relative to those who have not received antibiotics \[[@CIT0003]\]. An... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Suggested citation:** EFSA CEF Panel (EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids) , Silano V, Bolognesi C, Castle L, Chipman K, Cravedi J‐P, Engel K‐H, Fowler P, Grob K, Gürtler R, Husøy T, Kärenlampi S, Mennes W, Pfaff K, Rivière G, Srinivasan J, Tavares Poças MF, Tlustos C, Wölfl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The data underlying the results presented in the study are available from <http://janus.northwestern.edu/janus2/index.php>.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Ionizing radiation is an unavoidable risk in daily life and understanding its biological impacts is important for setting radiation protection standards. Appr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Klotho is an anti-ageing protein predominantly produced in the kidney and several other tissues including parathyroid glands and epithelial cells of the choroids plexus^[@R1]^. Mice homozygous for a hypomorphic *Klotho* allele (*kl*/*kl*) manifest multiple ageing-related phenotypes incl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1_1}
============
Approximately 47 million people worldwide are estimated to live with dementia and the incidence per year is estimated to be 9.9 million cases \[[@B1]\].
Dementia presents a wide range of symptoms, such as cognitive impairment and behavioural and motoric changes. Communication diffi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
====================
For the pharmacological activity of sulfonamide derivatives, see: Bouissane *et al.* (2006[@bb3]); Mustafa *et al.* (2012[@bb7]); Lopez *et al.* (2010[@bb6]). For similar compounds, see: Abbassi *et al.* (2012[@bb1], 2013[@bb2]).
Experimental {#sec2}
==============
... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{.299-b1}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
According to World Health Organization data, migraine has become the third most common disease in the 21st century.^\[[@R1]\]^ Meanwhile, migraine is one of the top 10 causes of disability in the world.^\[[@R2],[@R3]\]^ Migraine has generally increased in incidence worldwide in recent y... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Core tip:** To study the effect of naringenin (NAR) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl~4~)-induced chronic liver fibrosis, male Wistar rats were administered 400 mg of CCl~4~/kg body weight and 100 mg of NAR/kg body weight for 8 wk. NAR prevented necrosis, cholestasis, oxidative stress, collagen accumulation and the increa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The homicide rate in Scotland has been increasing since 1980.[@b1] This increase has accompanied rising death rates due to suicide (among men), chronic liver disease and mental and behavioural disorders attributed to the use of drugs and alcohol.[@b2] [@b3] The changes in mortality from these causes have been most noti... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The majority of healthcare in the United States is delivered in a fee for service (FFS) model and this delivery model has likely contributed to the uncontrollable rise in healthcare costs in the United States \[[@CR1]--[@CR3]\]. Under this system, healthcare providers may be financially i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), an abnormal focal dilation of the abdominal aorta, is a common and potentially life-threatening condition \[[@CR1]\]. Only a half of patient with ruptured AAA can reach the hospital alive with an additional high operative mortality of 49 % \[[@CR2]\]. In a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For bond-length data, see: Allen *et al.* (1987[@bb1]). For background to styryl pyridinium quaternary ammonium compounds, see: Browning *et al.* (1922[@bb3], 1923[@bb2]); Chanawanno *et al.* (2010[@bb5]); Wainwright & Kristiansen (2003[@bb11]). For related structures, see... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
During the living donor liver transplantation (LDLT), the hemodynamic status changes dramatically. Sudden blood loss, clamping of the great vessels and reperfusion syndrome may cause hemodynamic instability. Moreover, the clinical features of cirrhotic patients include high cardiac output... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
La genética clínica es una nueva especialidad biomédica en España. El 6 de agosto de 2014 se publicó el Real Decreto de Troncalidad en el BOE[@bib0005], y también con él se creó la especialidad de genética clínica para médicos, biólogos, farmacéuticos y químicos. Pero, de momento está en desarrollo. Somos de los último... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#ihz061s5}
============
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), colloquially known as the 'heart attack', is the leading cause of death globally.^[@ihz061C1]^ Although ACS has historically been considered to be rare in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), the burden of disease is expected to grow as the region proceeds thro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The hair follicle (HF) is a unique mini organ in the skin of mammals that produces hair. Hair functions to thermoregulate and protect the skin, helps detect senses, and a marker for sexual development. HFs undergo a continuous cycle consisting of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and rel... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-25-01488}
===============
Bacterial diseases of rice plants will lead to the reduction of rice yield and hence serious decreases in crop quality and insufficient food supply \[[@B1-molecules-25-01488],[@B2-molecules-25-01488],[@B3-molecules-25-01488]\]. Bacterial leaf blight of rice in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Because movement promotes energy flow across habitat boundaries [@pone.0045958-Depczynski1], [@pone.0045958-Gaines1], ecological and evolutionary processes are inherently linked to movement, including ecosystem function and biodiversity [@pone.0045958-Abecasis1]. Predicting organismal m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) often causes bladder-outlet obstruction (BOO) and commonly results in lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). LUTS diminish quality of life by interfering with daily activities and decreasing psychological well-being. In men, LUTS are typically treated initiall... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The content published in Cureus is the result of clinical experience and/or research by independent individuals or organizations. Cureus is not responsible for the scientific accuracy or reliability of data or conclusions published herein. All content published within Cureus is intended only for educational, research a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy globally, and its mortality rate ranked fourth in 2015 ([@b1-ol-0-0-7419],[@b2-ol-0-0-7419]). In total, \~60% of patients with HCC are diagnosed with unresectable HCC, which represents an incurable disease ([@b3-ol-0-0-7419],[@b4-ol-0-0-74... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Today\'s technological designs combine innovation with sustainability, and focus in the overall transportation industry not just on alternative fuel sources but also on lightweight construction. The idea of weight reduction of structural components describes lower fuel consumpti... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Antarctica is a unique geographic region that experiences extreme environmental conditions and ongoing threats from a changing climate, with some of the fastest warming waters globally (e.g. \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]). Historically, repeated glacial cycles and fragmentation of populations in the... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Dehydrocorydaline (DHC), a quaternary protoberberine-type alkaloid ([Figure 1](#molecules-19-16312-f001){ref-type="fig"}), is an important bioactive component of a very well-known Chinese herbal medicine, Yan-Hu-Suo, which is the tuber of *Corydalis yanhusuo*. The herb has been widely u... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Community event--based surveillance (CEBS) systems have been used for case finding during outbreaks and to increase sensitivity for detection of diseases targeted for eradication ([@R1]*--*[@R5]), but this type of surveillance has not been implemented rapidly on a national scale during a large health emergency. In Octo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Gorham\'s syndrome or vanishing bone disease is a rare disorder with massive osteolysis and idiopathic fractures, which may result in neurological and respiratory complications. For anesthetist, Gorham\'s syndrome presents various challenges such as long duration, blood loss, air embolism, positioning, and respiratory ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Would a flower by any other name always smell as sweet? Maybe not, if air pollution has anything to do with it. Researchers at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville report that three common constituents of smog destroy floral scents released by flowers to attract bees and other pollinators. In fact, flower scen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
The impact of the increase in temperature due to climate change has been a worldwide concern for several research areas \[[@pone.0191273.ref001]--[@pone.0191273.ref007]\]. Among the various potential impac... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Bretschneider (histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate, HTK) solution is routinely administered for cardioplegic arrest in many countries (Careaga et al. [@CR4]). In clinical studies as well as in experimental models the Bretschneider solution has been shown to achieve a better myocardial ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Emerging evidence has revealed that human thought draws from one\'s embodiment, which refers both to actual bodily states and to simulations of embodied experiences in the brain\'s modality-specific systems for perception, action, and introspection [@pone.0089768-Niedenthal1]. For examp... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.