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Excetuando-se os cânceres de pele não melanoma, o câncer de próstata é o mais incidente em homens no Brasil. Um aumento nas taxas de incidência e mortalidade por esse câncer vem ocorrendo possivelmente pelo envelhecimento populacional, advento de exames diagnósticos, melhoria nos sistemas de informação e aumento do ras... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#H1-1-ZOI180090}
============
Historically, stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR)---giving small numbers of high ablative doses of radiotherapy over a short period---has produced long-term rates of control of local and regional disease exceeding 80% when it is used as first-line treatment for appropr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#section1-2381468320936219}
============
Over the past two decades, major advancements have been achieved in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States. Specifically, the introduction of highly effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the subsequ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec005}
============
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, progressive demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. With a lifetime risk of 1 in 400, it is the most common cause of progressive neurological disabi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
It is generally accepted that rheumatic fever (RF) follows group-A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GAS) infection. The GAS infection is followed by a latent period before the onset of RF. During the latent period, immunological perturbations occur to initiate RF \[[Figure 1](#F1){ref-type="fig"}\]. Wannamaker wrote that ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .218}
{#sp2 .219}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Spider silks are the toughest biological materials in nature due to combined strength and extensibility, leading to enormous interest in engineering silk-based biomaterials for industrial applications^[@CR1]^. Among the seven silk types spun by orb-weaving spiders, dragline from major... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) tracks health care expenditures for 12,000 beneficiaries. The survey is unique because it combines survey data with Medicare administrative data to give a detailed portrait of health care spending for Medicare beneficiaries. The MCBS provides health care expenditures for t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. Accumulating evidence has attributed this deficit in the cognitive capacity of patients and the potentially responsible failure in neural circuits to an increased amount of amyloid β-protein (Aβ), particul... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are the most commonly reported knee injury in athletes, with nearly 300,000 ACL ruptures and 100,000 ACL reconstructions performed yearly in the United States.^[@bibr8-2325967115620770],[@bibr22-2325967115620770]^ Despite limited well-designed epidemiological studies in the Asian ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in North American men, although the rate has been declining in part from the use of statin drugs for unrelated medical conditions \[[@B1]\]. In spite of recent reports that place into question the benefit of dietary s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) regulate multiple processes in neural cells, such as the balance between survival and cell death, proliferation and differentiation, and they also play a crucial role during nervous syste... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For related compounds containing a 4*H*-thiochromen-4-one fragment, see: Adams *et al.* (1991[@bb1]); Nakazumi *et al.* (1992[@bb6]); Weiss *et al.* (2008[@bb10]). For bond-length data, see: Allen *et al.* (1987[@bb2]).
Experimental {#sec2}
============
{#sec2.1}
### ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-biomedicines-08-00092}
===============
Atherosclerosis is a condition in which an artery is occluded by a plaque that leads to cardiovascular disease, with high morbidity and mortality \[[@B1-biomedicines-08-00092]\]. A high-fat diet (HFD) is the main factor that causes atherosclerosis, such as ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
With an annual incidence of 14 million new cases and about 8 million deaths, cancer is a global problem and is responsible for 13 percent of deaths worldwide \[[@b1-cm-90-286]\]. Kidney cancer is one of the many types of this disease, with an annual incidence of 338 new cases and 144 thousand... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is among the most common malignancies, with an estimated 65,000 new cases and 14,000 deaths annually in the United States[@b1]. RCC can be subclassified into distinct histologic subtypes including clear cell RCC (ccRCC), papillary RCC Types 1 and 2, and chromophobe RCC[@b2]. Inherited RCC can... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s1}
===============
In food packaging technology, oxygen (O~2~) scavengers are used to protect O~2~ sensitive food products (Vermeiren et al., [@B23]). O~2~ scavengers are substances that bind O~2~ in a chemical reaction, thereby preventing the oxidation of food components. Depending on the packaging... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-24-02855}
===============
Natural products represent a very important traditionalsource of novel drugs. They are also a relevant inspiration for the synthesis of novel molecules of pharmaceutical interest. Among the plethora of potential pharmaceutical and nutritional plant-derived mol... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Ayurveda, an art-science of a healthy way of life and a system of medicine, is being practiced in India for several millennia. Despite the remarkable description of diabetes (*Madhumeha*) and its precondition (*Prameha*), in Ayurveda, the current biomedical sciences stay generally uninformed of its rich concepts.
The ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The micronucleus was recognized in the end of the 19th century when Howell and Jolly found small inclusions in the blood taken from cats and rats. The small inclusions, called Howell-Jolly body, are also observed in the erythrocytes of peripheral blood from severe anemia patients. These a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Oxygenation-sensitive cardiovascular magnetic resonance (OS-CMR) relies on the attenuating effects of deoxyhemoglobin as an intrinsic contrast. When using OS-CMR to assess myocardial oxygenation, failing to account for effects on myocardial oxygen-sensitive signal intensity (OS-SI) due to... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Trippel, T. D., Holzendorf, V., Halle, M., Gelbrich, G., Nolte, K., Duvinage, A., Schwarz, S., Rutscher, T., Wiora, J., Wachter, R., Herrmann‐Lingen, C., Duengen, H.‐D., Hasenfuß, G., Pieske, B., and Edelmann, F. (2017) Ghrelin and hormonal markers under exercise training in patients with heart failure with preserved e... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-sensors-15-25336}
===============
Currently, meter-level positioning accuracy is easily achieved using pseudorange measurements made with GPS satellites and is widely used in many types of industry. However, for centimeter-level positioning accuracy, the pseudorange measurements are not sufficie... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV) is a rare anomaly with tissue dividing the right ventricle (RV). The division can be caused by hypertrophied or anomalous muscle or aberrant moderator band, resulting in intraventricular pressure gradients. Many congenital heart defects can be associate... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Serum creatinine concentration (s\[Cr\]) is the most widely used marker of renal function, specifically to make inferences about glomerular filtration rate (GFR). In very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) preterm infants, interpretation of a single s\[Cr\] is problematic. S\[Cr\] changes markedly after birth, reflecting the dyna... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Measuring three-dimensional (3D) surface information from plants has been introduced during the last three decades \[[@CR1]--[@CR3]\]. Having access to the plant architecture \[[@CR4]\] enables tracking the geometrical development of the plant and the parameterization of plant canopies, s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
In condensed-matter physics, a perfect lattice has a level energy spectrum in the form of bands with their corresponding wave functions extended. However, if the system presents random imperfections, wave functions can be localized. This phenomenon is known as Anderson localization na... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .410}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
To date, there are several dozen known autoimmune diseases the pathogenesis of which is determined mainly by the response of the immune system to autoantigens. One of the severe autoimmune bullous diseases is pemphigus, which affects the skin and/or mucous membranes. The main antigens of auto... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The use of mechanical heart valves (MHVs) is widely accepted. However, the blood flow patterns following MHV implantation are altered compared to those in a healthy heart. In addition, MHV leads to increased levels of hemodynamic stress \[[@R1],[@R2]\], thus possibly undesirably stimulating t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
In recent years, hepatocytes differentiated from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have achieved excellent results in replacement therapy for hepatic failure or in the transient treatment given prior to liver transplantation \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. Although ESCs and differentiated cells derived fro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
1. Introduction {#sec001}
===============
The mining industry enjoys a prominent role in today's global economy. Growth in consumption and production has escalated the need for energy and raw materials, with resource use reaching exceptional... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The modernization of Traditional Korean Medicine means combining or converting it into modern technology and modern scientific culture, which includes studies of the efficacy, effect, and mechanism of herbal medicine \[[@B1]--[@B3]\].
In 2012, South Korea\'s infertility rate is... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has been used for prophylactic treatment in chronic migraine. However, the precise mechanism of its action is obscure. We previously reported that the injection of BTX-A into the facial ophthalmic nerve region reduced the number of the TRPV1-immunoreactve (IR) neuro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The whitefly *Bemisia tabaci* (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) species complex encompasses some of the most invasive and destructive pests of agricultural and ornamental crops throughout the world and is responsible for losses of billions of dollars annually ( [@R4] ; [@R20] ; [@R7] ; [@R... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-viruses-11-01161}
===============
Virus-associated lymphomas represent a largely heterogeneous group of hematologic malignancies that are characterized by the uncontrolled growth of clonal lymphocytes \[[@B1-viruses-11-01161]\]. The pathogenesis of virus-associated lymphomas is a complex process... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
I[NTRODUCTION]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-1}
==========================
It is increasingly being realized that many of today\'s diseases are due to the "oxidative stress" that results from an imbalance between formation and neutralization of free radicals.
Oxidative stress is initiated by free radicals, which seek stability ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is an issue in communities where narcotics and illegal drugs are abused by pregnant women. There are a variety of withdrawal symptoms observed in babies with NAS.^[@B1]^ Some of these symptoms include high-pitched prolonged crying, inability to be soothed, and poor feeding habits. Pai... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
In many Indian cities air quality is one of the intimidating issues to be concerned with and often has been counted within the world\'s top polluted city ([@bib36]; [@bib43]; [@bib16]). Out of the world\'s top 20 most polluted cities during 2019, 14 are located in India ([@bib32... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INK4a
: inhibitor of CDK4a
ARF
: alternative reading frame
MDM2
: multiple double minute 2
NSCLC
: non‐small cell lung cancer
RT‐PCR
: reverse transcription PCR
CDK
: cyclin‐dependent kinase
GAPDH
: glyceraldehyde‐3--phosphate dehydrogenase
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The glycemic load (GL) defines meals according to their postprandial glycemic impact[@b1]; a high GL meal would be expected to produce a hyperglycemic response within the first postprandial hour, followed by a rapid fall in blood glucose (BG) two to four hours later. There is growing recognition that lowering the glyce... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The social and political climate surrounding cannabis has continued to evolve in the United States. On the November 2016 ballot, 5 states (California, Arizona, Massachusetts, Nevada, and Maine) voted on adult-use cannabis legalization and 4 states on medical cannabis (Florida, Arkansas, Monta... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Liposome formulations of vincristine have been in clinical development for over a decade \[[@CR5], [@CR14], [@CR46], [@CR48]\]. Unlike anthracyclines, *vinca* alkaloids are notoriously more difficult to formulate stably in liposomes \[[@CR10], [@CR44], [@CR48], [@CR51]\]. Simple pH- o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
This article is part of the Thematic Series \"Chemistry in flow systems II\".
Introduction
============
For a long time, the living cell has been considered to be a perfect chemical factory, whose organizational principles can inspire every organic chemist and chemical engineer. The effectiveness, with which nutrient... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .239}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Despite a reported decline in infection and mortality, malaria remains the fourth leading cause mortality in children under-five in the sub-region ^[@ref-1]^. In Togo, the malaria control strategy is based on universal access to Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) as recommended by the Wor... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Das Verständnis potenzieller Erreger pulmonaler Infektionen beruhte bislang meist auf kulturellen Nachweismethoden bei Patienten, die sich mit einer respiratorischen Beschwerdesymptomatik präsentierten. Durch den dynamischen Fortschritt im Bereich molekularer Nachweisverfahren werden in epidemiologischen Studien zunehm... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The development of obesity is contributed in part by a series of choices that influence positive energy balance. Although it is well publicized that obesity results from energy intake in excess of energy expenditure \[[@ref1],[@ref2]\], many individuals choose the immediate gratification of o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common minimally invasive procedure which is increasingly performed in the day case unit.\[[@ref1]\] Pain experienced following laparoscopic cholecystectomy derives significantly from the incisions made in the anterior abdominal wall\[[@ref2]\] whic... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Bronchogenic cysts are often asymptomatic and discovered as an incidental finding. They may become symptomatic due to esophageal compression as they increase in size or from development of infection. We report the case of a 9-year-old female with a symptomatic bronchogenic cyst, undiagnosed s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Preeclampsia (PE) is a human-specific multisystemic disorder affecting 3--17% of pregnancies worldwide \[[@B1]\]. The diagnosis of PE is made clinically in the presence of new-onset hypertension (systolic and diastolic blood pressure of ≥140/90 mmHg) and proteinuria (≥300 mg in ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Chronic arsenic exposure has become increasingly prevalent with a shift from the use of surface water to the drilling of wells to reach "cleaner" water. The use of well water increases the risk for individuals to be exposed to arsenic ([@r43]). Exposure to arsenicals increases mortality from ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Camptothecin and related analogs have shown promise as anticancer agents, which could lead to the death of tumor cells by targeting the nuclear enzyme, topoisomerase I, and inhibiting the relegation of the cleaved DNA strand.[@b1-ijn-6-397] One of the camptothecin analogs, hydroxycamptothecin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In a recent article in *Diabetes Care*, Suissa and Azoulay ([@B1]) concluded that the impressive results of the metformin-associated reduced cancer risk were due to many researchers failing to adjust for immortal time bias and not using time-dependent analysis of drug exposure. However, this conclusion is not justified... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s1}
===============
High degree of recurrent connectivity among neuronal populations is a key attribute of neural microcircuits in the cerebral cortex and many different brain regions (Douglas et al., [@B13]; Harris and Mrsic-Flogel, [@B16]; Jiang et al., [@B18]). Such common structure suggests the e... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
This text, published in late 2009, presents an excellent guide to herbal pharmacotherapies and is well laid out. Evidence is graded from A (Strong scientific), B (good), C (unclear or conflicting), through to D (fair negative). A series of chapters on relevant organs and diseases including Parkinson\'s disease, insomni... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files and in referenced literature.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Pleiotropic interferon alpha (IFN-*α*) belongs to the type I IFNs family. IFN-*α* is an extensively used cytokine in clinical medicine, effective in hepatitis C (HCV) and hepat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to marked muscle atrophy.^\[[@R1],[@R2]\]^ However, induced muscle activity is believed to have the potential to prevent degeneration of the musculoskeletal system after SCI.^\[[@R3]\]^
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has increasingly been used to... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
[Fig 1](#pone.0133108.g001){ref-type="fig"} is incorrect in the published article. Please view the correct [Fig 1](#pone.0133108.g001){ref-type="fig"} and its legend here.
![The decision tree represents both strategies: "ECG screening" at hospital admission *versus* "No ECG screening".\
Probabilities of patients belon... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
====================
For background to and the biological activity of acridine derivatives, see: Shubber *et al.* (1986[@bb8]); Sondhi *et al.* (2006[@bb9]); Salamanca & Khalil (2005[@bb6]). For related structures, see: Aghabozorg *et al.* (2010[@bb1]); Mei & Wolf (2004[@bb5]). For bond-le... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For backgorund on the utilization of formic acid for the rational design and synthesis of coordination polymers and the potential applications of these compounds, see: Dybtsev *et al.* (2003[@bb1]); Manson *et al.* (2003[@bb2]); Wang *et al.* (2005[@bb6], 2006[@bb5]).
Exp... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1_1}
============
The burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing globally \[[@B1]\]. Crohn\'s disease (CD) is a common gastrointestinal disorder with formidable diagnostic challenge to physicians, especially if the first presentation is an extraintestinal manifestation. Of the many extr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Cancer is one of the major public health problems worldwide and accounts for an estimated 2.5 million cases in India alone \[[@B1]\]. In the wake of resistance to chemotherapy and the escalating toxic effects of synthetic drugs/compounds, all possible avenues are being explored ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
If we accept the idea that we are not able to "predict" the future of influenza, then we need to understand how we can prepare for the emergence of a new pandemic. Furthermore, if we cannot predict when our next problem is going to happen, we need to be able to recognize the problem as soon as it happens. This is why o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of the gynecologic cancers, which ranks eighth for both incidence and mortality worldwide for women produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer \[[1](#CIT0001)\]. In 2018, 22,240 new cases and 14,070 deaths of ovarian cancer were esti... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Meningococcal disease has been reported for more than 200 years, which recognized as a worldwide public health problem due to its global distribution, high-mortality rates and significant morbidity.[@CIT0001] Furthermore, meningococcal disease is associated with high-financial costs ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Mozambique has one of the highest HIV infection rates in sub-Saharan Africa, with a national prevalence estimated between 11.5% and 16% \[[@B1]-[@B4]\]. Funding from international donors has allowed the Ministry of Health (MISAU) to expand HIV care and treatment services to rural communities \[[@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are the best established mammalian model for studying epithelial cell biology. MDCK cells differentiate into polarized cells within a few days when grown on semi-permeable filter supports. The cells form an epithelial monolayer, with tight junctions separati... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-1}
===============
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) is an imaging modality that provides cross-sectional images with micrometer resolution. An SD-OCT system employs a broadband light source together with a spectrometer for detection. A major drawback of this implementation, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
*Curcuma* is a renowned genus in the family of Zingiberaceae due to the popularity of turmeric,*Curcuma longa* L. \[[@B1]\].*Curcuma* species are native to several countries of Southeast Asia and extensively cultivated in Bangladesh, India, China, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, P... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Approximately 800 children are diagnosed with neuroblastoma each year in the United States ([@A9]). Risk stratification in children with neuroblastoma is not only based on disease stage but also the age of the child at diagnosis and the biologic and... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
NCoR and SMRT are paralogous vertebrate proteins that were first identified as transcriptional corepressors interacting with unliganded thyroid and retinoid receptors [@pone.0058462-Horlein1], [@pone.0058462-Chen1]. Both NCoR (a.k.a. NCoR1, NCOR1) and SMRT (a.k.a. NCoR2, NCOR2) knockout... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Additionally, the data matrix used in the cladistic analysis is available on the public repository Morphobank under Project 1105 (<http://www.mo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Schistosomiasis is a systemic disease caused by a trematode of the Schistosoma genus, acquired when in contact with contaminated water. In the majority of cases, the infection is asymptomatic and, when present, gastrointestinal manifestations are the most frequently found.^[@r01]^
Cutaneous ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Despite available treatments for tuberculosis (TB), the threat this disease represents is still a painful reality for the ten million people infected and the two million that die from TB each year.[@b1] Infections by *Mycobacterium tuberculosis*, the causative bacterial agent of TB, represent... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Endoscopic placement of biliary plastic stents for biliary disease was initially described in 1980 by Soehendra and Reynders-Frederix \[[@CR1]\]. Subsequently, endoscopic stenting has become a well-established procedure for either benign or malignant strictures that are not suitable for surgery \[[@CR2]--[@CR4]\]. Alth... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Because many patients are managed by their local primary care providers after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), often distant from the transplant center, timely communication and coordination of care in a clinical trial context according to Good Clinical Practice (GCP) s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Precocious puberty is generally defined as the onset of secondary sexual characteristics before 8 yr of age in girls and 9 yr in boys \[[@B1], [@B2]\]. Precocious puberty caused by central activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis is classified as gonadotropin-dependent, als... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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![](glas... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Responsible Gambling Messaging Content {#Sec1}
======================================
Responsible gambling messaging has continued to evolve, both in terms of mode of delivery, as well as message content. Classically, messages were delivered in a 'static' format, where messages were placed (i) nearby and/or adjacent t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-24-00533}
===============
Over the last two decades, the use of herbal medicines has expanded globally, and the medicines have gained considerable attention because of their good therapeutic performance \[[@B1-molecules-24-00533]\]. It has been reported by WHO (world health organizatio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Dissatisfaction with the length of the penis has a drastic impact on sexual well-being of a considerable subset of males and sexual life of many couples. It had been observed that 30% of males in the Middle East had concerns over genital size compared with 35.4% in United States and that this concern was a risk factor ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Cancer is the foremost cause of global death. The worldwide cancer burden has risen to 18.1 million cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. One in five males and one in six females will develop cancer during their lifetime, and one out of eight males and one out of eleven females ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Qatar is a gas- and oil-rich Arab emirate occupying a small peninsula in the Persian Gulf with a predominantly expatriate population. Qatar boasts an emerging economy and is recently devoting significant resources to develop its health care infrastructure \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. Like other high-income c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Bone is one of the most transplanted tissues, with more than 500,000 graft procedures performed yearly in the United States and 2.2 million worldwide[@b1]. Although autografts currently represent the "gold standard", they are limited in size, shape and availability[@b2][@b3]. Moreover, they often result in donor site m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin is among the key molecules in the formation of the epithelial junctional complex \[[@B1]--[@B3]\]. E-cadherin forms homodimers in the extracellular domain between adjacent cells \[[@B4]\] and interacts intracellularly with a group of protein... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical critical disease with high incidence accompanied by a sudden loss of renal function and urine output of \< 0.5 mL/kg/h for more than 6 h \[[@CR1]\]. The clinical symptoms of AKI include sustained increase in urea nitrogen and creatinine in se... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s001}
============
Active specific and passive immunotherapies of human cancers aim to reprogram the metabolic profile of the tumors and their microenvironment during the progression of cancers. There is a need to identify and detect the specific biomarkers of the metabolic profile of a tumor or an immu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .455}
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{#sp4 .458}
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![](glas... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
To date, endovascular therapy (EVT), combined with a nitinol stent, as the revascularization method for peripheral artery disease (PAD) with femoropopliteal (FP) lesions has shown better short- and medium-term results compared to using only a balloon^[@bib1]--[@bib6])^. However, the problem o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Hussain SA, Navarro M, Heesch J, et al. Limited efficacy of zonisamide in the treatment of refractory infantile spasms. Epilepsia Open. 2020;5:121--126. 10.1002/epi4.12381
1. INTRODUCTION {#epi412381-sec-0001}
===============
Infantile spasms (IS) is a frequently devastating form of epileptic encephalopathy that usua... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Ever since Darwin provided one of the first illustrations of a phylogenetic tree in *On the Origin of Species* \[[@CR1]\], biologists have used them to convey relationships between organisms, genes, and other biological entities. Several phylogenetic tree packages written in the JavaScrip... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
To the Editor,
{#ppul24944-sec-0010}
I read with interest the case report by Barba et al, which is the first report of cardiac involvement in an infant with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.[^1^](#ppul24944-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"} This case had mild elevated cardiac enzymes, such as tropon... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-biomedicines-08-00150}
===============
In 2016, it was estimated that 47 million individuals are living with dementia worldwide, and this figure is projected to increase to 113 million in 30 years. As a result, the public health burden of dementia is anticipated to significantly increase in the ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The traditional practice of a single postpartum appointment 6 weeks after birth has lately been called into question. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) published new guidelines in 2018 specifically recommending postpartum care "become an ongoing process, rathe... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .221}
{#sp2 .222}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In their Correspondence, David Baud and colleagues[@bib1] suggest that case fatality rates (CFRs) for coronavirus disease 2019 have been underestimated and propose to divide deaths at time *t* by cases at time *t* minus 14 days to correct this underestimation and provide so-called real estimates. Many biases in both di... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Accurate delineation of the clinical target volume (CTV) is one of the most crucial aspects of treatment planning in radiotherapy. The quality of this process depends on the expertise of the individual observer and is associated with quality outcomes in lung cancer care ([@B1]--[@B4]). ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#onco12317-sec-0001}
==========
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic plasma‐cell disorder that is characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow microenvironment, monoclonal protein in the blood or urine, and associated organ dysfunction \[[1](#onco12317-bib-0001){ref-t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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