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Background {#Sec1}
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Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy followed by total mesorectal excision (TME) for locally advanced rectal cancer has been considered as the optimal management strategy owing to increased control of local disease, decreased toxicity, and greater sphincter preservation rates \[[@CR1]--[@CR... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Neuronal remodeling is a pivotal step in the formation of mature nervous systems during animal development. Developing neurons often outgrow superfluous axonal or dendritic branches at early developmental ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood, and accounts for 15% of pediatric cancer deaths \[[@CR1]\]. For high-risk NB, the survival rate of patients still remains low despite multimodal therapy \[[@CR1]\]. To maintain tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and intra-abdominal visceral fat share a common embryological origin, the splanchnopleuric mesoderm \[[@CR1]\]. The pericardial adipose tissue derives its blood supply from noncoronary vessels such as the pericardiacophrenic branches of the internal mam... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Liquid biopsy (i.e., fluid biopsy) involves a series of clinical examination approaches, including sampling and analysis, on non-solid suspected pathogenic tissues, such as blood (Crowley et al., [@B18]), amniotic fluid (Ilas et al., [@B29]), and cerebrospinal fluid (Hiemcke-Jiwa et al.... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1}
============
Infections by DNA viruses, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), lead to human public health concerns worldwide. HBV is the leading cause of chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ([@B1]). The viral genome is... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The origin and clinical relevance of exercise-induced premature ventricular beats (PVBs) in patients without structural heart disease such as myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyopathies or significant valvular disease is unknown. From a t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Strengths and limitations of this study
- Exploratory spatial data analysis methods and the empirical Bayes smoothing technique were used to analyse spatial patterns of incidence rates for human brucellosis at the county level in mainland China. Therefore, random variability was reduced, and greater stability... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease and about 20% to 40% of patients with diabetes ultimately develop diabetic nephropathy[@pone.0011709-United1], [@pone.0011709-BaniHani1]. Specific therapies to reverse or inhibit the progression of diabetic nephro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Magnetite (FeO\*Fe~2~O~3~, or Fe~3~O~4~) nanoparticles, and materials based on them, have been successfully used to solve applied problems in biology and magneto-optics. Pronounced superparamagnetic \[[@B1]-[@B4]\] and ferromagnetic \[[@B5]\] properties at room temperature enable the use of these... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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[^1]: Re... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The colors in supporting information files Figure S4 and Figure S8 previously did not display correctly and have been replaced with files displaying the correct colors. No other change to the content of the figures has been made.
No competing interests declared.
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent pathologic type and accounts for over 80% of head and neck malignancies.\[[@ref1]\] Tongue cancer is the most frequently encountered tumor of the oral cavity as compared with other cancers of the oral cavity and has a greater... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasm in soft tissues but not directly attached to the skeletal system. Fewer than 300 cases have been reported to date. Here, we describe a case of a primary ESOS arising from omentum majus. To the best of our knowledge, this i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The mammary gland is regarded as the main distinguishing feature that gives mammals their name. It is responsible for producing milk as the only food source that provides nutrition to offspring in the early stage of life. It is an exocrine gland and a modified sweat gland [@pone.0075062... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
In the early and mid-20th century, muskoxen (*Ovibos moschatus wardi*) were repeatedly introduced to Norway from east Greenland ([@b0005]). The current population in Dovrefjell national park, Norway, originated from 13 calves that survived these translocations from Eastern Gree... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease of the aged population. It is a progressive joint disease frequently affecting large weight-bearing joints such as hips and knees. Mechanical stress in combination with biochemical factors contributes to the development of symptoms.
The preva... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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1. Introduction {#sec1-sensors-18-03447}
===============
Self-sensing piezoelectric actuators are used as sensors and actuators simultaneously in active vibration control, mass detection, and condition monitoring. They have many advantages over separate piezoelectric sensors and actuators, such as guaranteed system st... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCC), also labeled as Klatskin tumor, was firstly reported by Altemeier et al^\[[@R1]\]^ in 1957. It is a cholangiocarcinoma that occurs between the opening of the cystic duct and the secondary branches of the right and left hepatic ducts. According to the Bism... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
CD5 is a surface receptor that participates in the fine-tuning of T cell responses ([@B1]). CD5 is expressed on thymocytes, mature peripheral T cells, and also on B-1a cells ([@B2], [@B3]). CD5 has been shown to establish homotypic interactions ([@B4]) and is reported to interact with differe... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Biochars are carbonaceous residues from the pyrolysis of biomass in an oxygen-limited atmosphere that can be applied in the safe and long-term sequestration of carbon in the environment \[[@pone.0148132.ref001],[@pone.0148132.ref002]\]. The a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Strengths and limitations of this study
- This is the first study to consider pharmacists' management of anaphylaxis, in terms of readiness to treat acute anaphylaxis, and the impact of various factors on such readiness (including willingness to comprehensively discuss anaphylaxis with patients).
- Simulat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Infertility is associated with numerous personal and social problems and has been proposed as a damaging factor to reproductive health.\[[@ref1][@ref2][@ref3]\] Infertility affects 8%--12% of the couples of reproductive ages,\[[@ref4]\] and about 15% of the couples would experience ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In recent years, the popularity of liposuction and autologous fat transfer (AFT) procedures has reached an all-time high. Liposuction is the second most commonly performed cosmetic procedure and has increased 5% from 2014 to 2015. AFT is quickly being added to both cosmetic and reconstructive surgeons' practices, where... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The defining organelle of plant cells is the plastid. Plant plastids derive from a single primary endosymbiosis event, and are delimited by an outer and an inner envelope membrane. These membranes are the gateway for protein (Strittmatter et al., [@B61]), lipid (Benning, [@B4]), and metabolit... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
For 2015, 1.658 million new cancer cases and 589,430 deaths were predicted worldwide and, according to the National Cancer Registry (NCR), more than 100,000 South Africans are annually diagnosed with cancer with a survival rate of 60 % \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\].
Cancer refers to abnormal gr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The ability to optically switch the spin configuration of molecular magnets^[@cit1]--[@cit3]^ could contribute to the development of applications such as quantum computers, spintronic devices, and high-capacity information-storage devices. Femtosecond laser pulses currently form the only tech... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction
================
The human oral cavity is a rich source of microorganisms \[[@b1-sensors-12-14307]\] where a dynamic interaction exists between the host environment and the oral bacteria consortium. Although the oral cavity consists of a complex microbial environment, Streptococcus is the major genus ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Antimicrobial drug resistance has become a great public health problem worldwide. Among the resistant Gram-positive pathogens, methicillin (oxacillin)-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA), vancomycin-intermediate or -resistant *S. aureus* (VISA or VRSA) and vancomycin-resistant ente... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Dyslipidemia is a group of plasma lipid and lipoprotein abnormality that is metabolically associated, and it is categorized by low HDL-C and increased LDL-C, TGs, and total cholesterol (TC) levels.[@CIT0001] Lipids and lipoproteins are causes for coronary heart disease (CHD). It has ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Cities account for about 2% of land area, consume 60--85% of the world's energy[@b1], and are responsible for about 70% of the world's CO~2~ emissions[@b2]. Countries are becoming increasingly urbanized and the global population is projected to be 70% urban by 2050[@b1]. Responding to these trends, the 2015 United Nati... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Chronic renal disease is characterized by massive urinary protein excretion and a progressive decline of renal function. The renal proximal tubular cell, triggered by long-term exposure to proteins, is believed to play a pivotal role in the cascade of pathophysiological processes towards end-... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived from blastocysts are self-renewal and pluripotent \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. To understand the gene regulatory system in ESCs is an important step for uncovering the process of cell fate determination and for promoting regenerative medicine. Considerable recent evidence ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Inflammation is the first line of defense against a variety of factors and is properly regulated by different biological responses (Henson, 2005[@B13]). Acute lung injury (ALI)-induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), causes systemic inflammation which can affect distant organs lead to endothelia... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
The objective of the low-pressure plasma process is to control the generation of ions, electrons, and free radicals on a surface in order to modify its property. This process is now deemed a new attractive method in the field of sterilizing medical instruments.^[@B1]^ A low-pressure, 13.56-MH... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Histamine is the pivotal mediator of an allergic reaction. The concentration of histamine is particularly high in mast cells, that reside in the respiratory tree, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Histamine can act on four types of receptors: H1, H2, H3, and H4. H1 and H2 receptors are di... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The authors confirm that all data underlying the findings are fully available without restriction. All relevant data are within the paper and Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#s1}
============
Flow variability and ecological controls {#s1a}
----------------------------------------
Long-term trends in flow... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a potentially fatal complication of severe hepatic illness resulting from viral hepatitis or drug use.^[@R1]^ In India, drug-induced ALF has been found to be around 6-8% of total ALF with next to viral hepatitis.^[@R2]^ Paracetamol is considered as one of th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#section5-1759720X19885559}
============
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous systemic autoimmune disease with protean clinical manifestations.^[@bibr1-1759720X19885559]^ The overall survival of SLE has appreciably improved over the past decades due to better disease control benefiting, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
I[NTRODUCTION]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-1}
==========================
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) constitutes a public health problem that is estimated to affect more than 10% of the global population, and the prevalence of which has increased in recent years.\[[@ref1][@ref2]\] The most important complication of CKD is car... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-cells-08-01397}
===============
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor that originates within the central nervous system (CNS) \[[@B1-cells-08-01397],[@B2-cells-08-01397]\]. Despite medical and scientific advancements in cancer therapeutics, GBM remains challenging to manage, a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common noncutaneous malignancy in men in Western countries and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although it had been considered a relatively uncommon disease in Asian countries including China,[@ref1] its incidence has been rising rapidly i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Intermittent exotropia (IXT), a disorder that causes either of the eyes to drift outward spontaneously \[[@B1], [@B2]\], is the most common form of childhood exotropia \[[@B3]\]. It affects approximately 1% of children in the United States \[[@B3]\] and up to 3.5% in Asia \[[@B4... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Evidence is accumulating that macrovascular disease is associated with lower degrees of hyperglycemia than microvascular disease. And, plasma glucose values have been associated with a risk of future diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and total mortality ([@B1]-[@B3]). Some studies have sugges... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Cystoscopic procedure is a very common practice in the field of urology due to its ability to survey the bladder for a variety of indications. However, patients who undergo cystoscopy feel intense pain and discomfort. To diminish the degree of discomfort, surgeons instill 2% lidocaine gel int... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Introduction
============
Foraging animals must integrate inputs from multiple sensory modalities and select appropriate behavioral strategies in order to successfully navigate their environment. Understanding how external sensory inputs are received and transduced into neural information to... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
A key step in bile acid (BA) homeostasis is the active uptake of BAs through the apical enterocyte membranes of the distal ileum by the ileal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (IBAT or ASBT \[apical sodium-dependent BA transporter\]). Inhibition of IBAT reduces the active ilea... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
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Ethical Publication Statement
=============================
We confirm that we have read the Journal's position on issues involved in ethical publication and affirm that this report is consistent with those guidelines.
**H**ip fracture in the elderly is a very common fracture, which mainly requires surgical treatment... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
To date no standard treatment for recurrent ingunal hernias exists. Open or laparoscopic approaches were proposed with apposition of meshes with reknown advantages and limits\[[@B1]\]. Long term recurrence-rate, postoperative pain, fistulization or prosthetic infection risks remain open questions... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Characterized by morphological and histopathological changes of normal skin following varied types of injuries, scar is considered to be an essential component of the wound healing process \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. An imbalance between destruction and deposition of collagen induced by various f... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), which comprises 65% of all skin cancers, is a highly lethal form of skin cancer. CMM ranks as the sixth most common cancer in both males and females in the United States, and it occurs more frequently in patients with lighter skin than those with darker... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Plant growth and development are regulated by a complex signal transduction mechanism. Brassinosteroids (BRs) serve as important signal mediators with well-defined functions, including extreme dwarfism, delayed senescence, male sterility, and constitutive photomorphogenesis in the dark ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Chronic constipation is a common disorder with a prevalence of 2--27% in western countries.[@b1-jnm-23-092],[@b2-jnm-23-092] In a systematic review that reported the prevalence of chronic idiopathic constipation in 41 separate study populations (including 261 040 subjects), the pooled prevale... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction
================
Several types of biomaterials have been used in dental implant studies; among them, titanium has been considered the most useful, as it has excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility \[[@b1-ijms-15-04442],[@b2-ijms-15-04442]\]. Modification of titanium surfaces via different... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The data collection and analysis for this study were performed at UC Davis, School of Veterinary Medicine. This study was not supported by a grant or otherwise. This paper has not been presented at a meeting.
BV
: balloon valvuloplasty
RAP
: right atrial pressure
TR
: tricuspid regurgitation
TVS
: tricu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The genome sequences of the four *S. tigurinus* strains *de novo* sequenced in this study have been deposited in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank database under the following accession numbers: *S. tigurinus* AZ_8, LNVF00000000; *S. tigurinus* AZ_14, LNVG00000000; *S. tigurinus* 859, LNVH00000000; and *S. tigurinus* ATCC15914, PR... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Soft rot *Enterobacteriaceae* (SRE): *Pectobacterium* spp. and *Dickeya* spp. are necrotrophic plant pathogenic bacteria able to cause disease symptoms on a large number of monocot and dicot plants worldwide (Gardan et al. [@CR10]; Perombelon [@CR13]; Toth et al. [@CR16]). Although th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
RNA-based gene regulation has been identified as one of the major conserved mechanisms in eukaryotes [@pone.0021330-Filipowicz1] and represents an attractive modality for trait engineering in plants. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate gene expression by targeting one or mor... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
For resection of gliomas within or adjacent to the motor system intraoperative neuromonitoring (IOM) is now widely used by many neurosurgeons \[[@CR1]--[@CR6]\]. Although surgery is currently limited to a subgroup of patients harboring brain metastases (BM), especially those symptomatic w... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All data (three files) are available from the DRYAD database (<https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.vmcvdncpp>).
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Terrestrial plants are providing a broad spectrum of ecosystem services such as the provision of food, natural medicines or the regulation of air quality \[[@pone.0230155.ref00... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are published within the paper and its supporting files.
Introduction {#sec005}
============
Prostate cancer (PCa) thrives on circulating androgens and the initial step in managing advanced PCa is androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). While ADT remains an effective early treatment with 90% of patients... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
With the notable scaled-up demand of rechargeable batteries with high energy and power density for various consumer electronic applications, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted enthusiastic interest as powerful energy storage systems owing to their overwhelmingly high theoretical gravimetric capacity (1672 m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
At present, more and more researchers pay their attentions on the investigation of surface plasmons (SPs). Thus, a lot of articles about SPs emerged, from which numerous devices based on SPs are proposed. SPs are optically induced oscillations of the free electrons at the surface of a met... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Dietary patterns are widely, and increasingly, employed in studies of the relationship between diet and health. The Mediterranean diet, based on a traditional Greek diet, is one of the most well studied, with suggested health benefits in many populations, far from the Mediterranean area ([@CIT0001]). Today, there is an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
*Fragaria vesca* (*F. vesca)*, the woodland strawberry, has been prized as an ornamental for centuries. *F. vesca* is an ancestor of *F. virginiana* which, when crossed with *F. chiloensis* in the eighteenth century, produced *F. ananassa*, the present-day commercial strawberry^[@CR1]... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Liver cancer is the fifth most common cancer in males and the ninth most common cancer in females worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for most (70%-90%) of all primary liver cancers \[[@B1]\]. The incidence of HCC has been steadily on the rise, and in men HCC is the second lead... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Nucleosomes are the fundamental repeated units of eukaryotic genomes \[[@B1]\]. They are comprised of 147-bp segments of DNA wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins \[[@B2]\]. The positions of nucleosomes play important roles in diverse cellular processes that rely on access to genomic DNA,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-pharmaceutics-11-00471}
===============
Hundreds of new drug delivery systems (DDS) have been described within the last decade \[[@B1-pharmaceutics-11-00471]\]. To determine the potential of these DDS, various in vitro and in vivo techniques have been applied and studied in detail. Among other m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Supplementing the diet with the amino acid leucine in combination with resistance training may increase lean body mass (LBM), strength and decrease body fat \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. Moreover, leucine appears to decrease skeletal muscle soreness following eccentric exercise \[[@B4]\], and prevent decl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The broad post-transcriptional gene regulation induced by RNA interference (RNAi) is mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). These small, highly structured, non-coding RNAs undergo extensive processing in both the nucleus and cytoplasm before partnering with the RNA Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) to target the 3′ UTR of mess... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1}
============
Lineage restriction of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a dynamic process mediated by many environmental components that include growth factors, cell-matrix interactions, cell-cell signaling, and mechanical forces ([@bib3; @bib4]). Understanding how these components combine and contro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
CLINICAL PERSPECTIVES
=====================
1. Reduced fibroblast expression of COX-2 and consequently low levels of PGE~2~ are significant contributors to the fibroproliferation that characterizes pulmonary fibrosis. The mechanisms underlying this failure to up-regulate COX-2 are incompletely understood.
2. The pr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Studies from the United States of America (USA) and the United Kingdom (UK) have shown marked increases in mortality from primary liver cancers in the last two decades of the 20th century ([Taylor-Robinson *et al*, 1997](#bib17){ref-type="other"}; [El-Serag and Mason, 1999](#bib3){ref-type="other"}; [Patel, 2001](#bib1... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Frizzled receptors (FZDs) are seven-transmembrane-spanning proteins belonging to a sub-class of the G protein-coupled receptor family.^[@bib1]^ In humans, there are 10 FZD receptors each encoded by a separate gene. Interaction of wnt ligands with FZDs results in the activation of the canonica... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Bloom SI, Tuluca A, Ives SJ, Reynolds TH. High‐fat diet induced obesity and age influence the telomere shelterin complex and telomerase gene expression in mouse adipose tissue. Physiol Rep. 2020;8:e14461 10.14814/phy2.14461
1. INTRODUCTION {#phy214461-sec-0001}
===============
In the United States, the prevalence of ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
Classical swine fever virus (CSFV), which is associated with hepatitis C and dengue virus, is an enveloped RNA virus that belongs to the *Pestivirus* within the family *Flaviviridae* \[[@R1], [@R2]\]. The single positive-stranded genome of CSFV contains a unique large open reading frame... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, protozoa and nematodes continuously challenge the plant immune system. Although most attacks are unsuccessful, sometimes plants are infected and disease develops. Diseases in crops do not only result in yield losses, but can also affect food... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Among all the lung cancer cases diagnosed each year, around 20%--25% are resectable NSCLC.[@b1-cmar-11-2677] However, the 5-year survival rates for patients with stages IIIA, IIB, and IIA are only 24%, 36%, and 46%, respectively, while the 5-year survival rates for patients with stages IA and... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Data are available from the [www.g-node.org](http://www.g-node.org) public data sharing platform at <https://portal.g-node.org/data/projects/project/adapthreshdata/>.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
The essential computation performed by neurons is the (non-linear) integration of synaptic inputs and subsequent ge... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Diabetes is estimated to affect 387 million globally, with disease prevalence expected to increase to 592 million by the year 2035 \[[@ref1]\]. Approximately 80% of people with diabetes live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) creating a pressing need for prevention and treatment effo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype in which the tumor cells lack estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression, and do not overexpress human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It accounts for approximately 12--17% of all breast cancers[@b1]. Despite having highe... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
James, P. T., Van den Briel, N., Rozet, A., Israël, A.‐D., Fenn, B., and Navarro‐Colorado, C. (2015) Low‐dose RUTF protocol and improved service delivery lead to good programme outcomes in the treatment of uncomplicated SAM: a programme report from Myanmar. Matern Child Nutr, 11: 859--869. doi: 10.1111/mcn.12192.258506... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most common causes of viral encephalitis in western countries. HSV-1 type 1 (HSV-1) is the predominant cause of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE). Despite treatment with aciclovir, HSE is associated with 20 % mortality, and two-thirds of surviv... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Similar to that of other vertebrates, the brain of teleost fishes is a target organ of sex and adrenal steroids whose effects have been examined mainly in the context of the neuroendocrine control of reproduction (Zohar et al., [@B121]). However, while pioneer studies documented some 30 years... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
It is well known that laparoscopy causes less postoperative pain than does open cholecystectomy,^[@B1],[@B2]^ as do other laparoscopic procedures, eg, inguinal hernia repair.^[@B3],[@B4]^ However, it is not completely painless.^[@B5]^ This pain is thought to be multifactorial in nature and se... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-polymers-08-00205}
===============
Lignin is the second most abundant natural polymer. It is an amorphous, thermoplastic, three-dimensional, cross-linked and aromatic component of the cell wall, that consists of substituted phenylpropane units, whose pattern largely depends on the plant species.... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death globally and cause high morbidity \[[@CR1]\]. The increasing prevalence of CVD in the ageing population necessitates the timely identification of people who are at risk \[[@CR2]\]. It has been suggested that lower urinary tr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
With the fast development of information technology, cloud storage now plays a very crucial role \[[@pone.0205675.ref001]\] in our daily life. For the sake of insuring data security, the important data tha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-21-03858}
===============
Sirtuins are a family of class III histone deacetylases (HDAC) distinguished by possessing a catalytic activity dependent on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD^+^) cellular availability and, therefore, being regulated by NAD^+^/NADH cellular ratio \[[@B1-ijms-2... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Tissue regeneration closely depends on the vascular supply and deficient healing situations are frequently associated with poor blood perfusion. Such a vascular supply is crucial in the treatment of segmental bone defects or spinal fusions where poor healing outcomes as delayed unions o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
A defining characteristic of the cytokine-induced inflammatory response is the destabilization of endothelial barriers resulting in vascular permeability^[@R7]--[@R9]^. To dissect the pathway(s) involved in this tissue disruption, we treated cultured monolayers of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-D) ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The white shark *Carcharodon carcharias* is one of the largest, most widespread ocean predators distributed in sub-polar to tropical seas of both hemispheres [@pone.0099240-Compagno1]. White sharks are important apex predators that occupy trophic levels similar to that of carnivorous ma... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multigenic complex disorder causing metabolic and gynecologic dysfunctions in women of reproductive age. Its cardinal features include hyperandrogenemia, chronic anovulation, insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia. Women with PCOS are at increased risk to develop long term health ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Polymyxins are cationic polypeptide antibiotics that interact with the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and phospholipids in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria \[[@CR1]\]. Due to the lack of novel antimicrobials, polymyxin E (colistin), once avoided because of its nephro- and neuro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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