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41943dfb-002f-48fa-acfa-5d0b0c368c96 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Arbitrary arrest & detention",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Secret detention and fundamental legal safeguards 55.The Committee is concerned at allegations of the inefficient functioning of the remedy of habeas corpus in the context of searches for disappeared persons, including undue delays, and transfer of cases, in particular in cases related to the north-east conflict. It re... | 55. The Committee is concerned at allegations of the inefficient functioning of the remedy of habeas corpus in the context of searches for disappeared persons, including undue delays, and transfer of cases, in particular in cases related to the north-east conflict. It regrets the lack of official data on the number of ... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 41943dfb-002f-48fa-acfa-5d0b0c368c96 |
34c8d828-f67d-49c4-80b0-507b0a764d98 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Liberty & security of the person",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Secret detention and fundamental legal safeguards 56. The Committee urges the State Party to review the functioning of its habeas corpus procedure provided for in article 141 of the Constitution, to ensure that it can serve as a prompt and effective judicial remedy to determine the whereabouts of disappeared persons. | 56. The Committee urges the State Party to review the functioning of its habeas corpus procedure provided for in article 141 of the Constitution, to ensure that it can serve as a prompt and effective judicial remedy to determine the whereabouts of disappeared persons. | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 34c8d828-f67d-49c4-80b0-507b0a764d98 |
fb8f046f-4c60-4162-aa68-1c8d97bf47d0 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Conditions of detention"
] | [
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Registers of persons deprived of liberty 57.The Committee notes that the Enforced Disappearance Act requires law enforcement authorities to compile and keep up-to-date official registers of persons deprived of liberty and includes criminal sanctions for failure to record accurate information and refusal to provide info... | 57. The Committee notes that the Enforced Disappearance Act requires law enforcement authorities to compile and keep up-to-date official registers of persons deprived of liberty and includes criminal sanctions for failure to record accurate information and refusal to provide information on the deprivation of liberty of... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: fb8f046f-4c60-4162-aa68-1c8d97bf47d0 |
66a42b5e-1e46-47b2-b9c3-1d23435a2831 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Liberty & security of the person",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Registers of persons deprived of liberty 58. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure the interoperability of the registers of all places of deprivation of liberty, guaranteeing that they all contain, as a minimum, the information required under article 17 (3) of the Convention, and that all persons de... | 58. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure the interoperability of the registers of all places of deprivation of liberty, guaranteeing that they all contain, as a minimum, the information required under article 17 (3) of the Convention, and that all persons deprived of liberty are registered without ... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 66a42b5e-1e46-47b2-b9c3-1d23435a2831 |
aafe1331-d6dc-4420-a5b7-efdcf55eb9ad | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Migrants",
"Persons affected by armed conflict",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Training 59.The Committee notes the training provided to members of the armed forces and police on human rights and international humanitarian law, as well as the establishment of the Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Directorate of the Sri Lanka Army. Nonetheless, the Committee regrets the absence of specific and syst... | 59. The Committee notes the training provided to members of the armed forces and police on human rights and international humanitarian law, as well as the establishment of the Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Directorate of the Sri Lanka Army. Nonetheless, the Committee regrets the absence of specific and systematic t... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: aafe1331-d6dc-4420-a5b7-efdcf55eb9ad |
98457b9a-27b4-433a-afe6-ebf75888d19d | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Migrants",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Training 60. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that all law enforcement and security personnel, whether civil or military, medical personnel, public officials, including migration officials, and other persons who may be involved in the custody or treatment of any person deprived of liberty, including... | 60. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that all law enforcement and security personnel, whether civil or military, medical personnel, public officials, including migration officials, and other persons who may be involved in the custody or treatment of any person deprived of liberty, including judges, ... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 98457b9a-27b4-433a-afe6-ebf75888d19d |
d83afff5-c38f-4a8a-a818-4c7a8dd3db27 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Transitional justice",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Definition of victim and right to receive reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation 61.The Committee welcomes the fact that the Enforced Disappearance Act recognizes the definition of victim and the right of victims to know the truth (sects. 14 (1) and 25), as provided for in the Convention, and that the Of... | 61. The Committee welcomes the fact that the Enforced Disappearance Act recognizes the definition of victim and the right of victims to know the truth (sects. 14 (1) and 25), as provided for in the Convention, and that the OfficeforReparationsAct covers victims of enforced disappearances. It notes that, according to th... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: d83afff5-c38f-4a8a-a818-4c7a8dd3db27 |
b7717d8b-a517-42b8-b2e1-393e960b543a | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Definition of victim and right to receive reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation 62. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen the Office of Reparations, ensuring its independence, transparency in the management of its funds, effective communication with victims about its mandate and ... | 62. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen the Office of Reparations, ensuring its independence, transparency in the management of its funds, effective communication with victims about its mandate and that reparations are adequate in scope ; (b) Implement all policy areas identified in the Repara... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: b7717d8b-a517-42b8-b2e1-393e960b543a |
2b329c9b-0951-4c82-9f23-03db4c9a7c61 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Right to life",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Right to social security",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Legal situation of disappeared persons whose fate has not been clarified and that of their relatives 63.The Committee notes that the Registration of Deaths (Temporary Provisions)(Amendment) Act,No.16of2016,providesfortheissuanceofacertificateofabsence for disappeared persons to allow their relatives to access welfare, ... | 63. The Committee notes that the Registration of Deaths (Temporary Provisions)(Amendment) Act, No.16of2016, providesfortheissuanceofacertificateofabsence for disappeared persons to allow their relatives to access welfare, property and other benefits and that the certificateofabsence is valid for two years, with the pos... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 2b329c9b-0951-4c82-9f23-03db4c9a7c61 |
4f0423db-a718-40be-bfaa-e63a8d601373 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Right to life",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Right to social security",
"Land & property rights"
] | [] | Legal situation of disappeared persons whose fate has not been clarified and that of their relatives 64. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that the legal situation of disappeared persons whose fate has not been clarified and that of their relatives are regularized in accordance with article 24 (6) of... | 64. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that the legal situation of disappeared persons whose fate has not been clarified and that of their relatives are regularized in accordance with article 24 (6) of the Convention, in fields such as social welfare, financial matters, family law and property rights.... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 4f0423db-a718-40be-bfaa-e63a8d601373 |
4593a730-84cc-4eac-b0ec-cbf617aefb76 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Rights related to marriage & family",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Discrimination against women",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"5.a - Equal rights to economic resources, property ownership and financial services",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Situation of women who are relatives of a disappeared person 65.The Committee acknowledges the leadership of women in movements for the search, accountability and justice processes related to enforced disappearance in Sri Lanka. In this context, it regrets the social stigma faced by women who are relatives of a disappe... | 65. The Committee acknowledges the leadership of women in movements for the search, accountability and justice processes related to enforced disappearance in Sri Lanka. In this context, it regrets the social stigma faced by women who are relatives of a disappeared person, which affects their daily lives and is compound... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 4593a730-84cc-4eac-b0ec-cbf617aefb76 |
c575764f-6706-4af4-aa45-3f2d6729743c | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Transitional justice",
"Discrimination against women"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls"
] | Situation of women who are relatives of a disappeared person 66. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that all women and girls who are relatives of a disappeared person are able to exercise all the rights enshrined in the Convention, and that it create safe spaces for their participation in all the proc... | 66. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that all women and girls who are relatives of a disappeared person are able to exercise all the rights enshrined in the Convention, and that it create safe spaces for their participation in all the processes related to enforced disappearance. The Committee endors... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: c575764f-6706-4af4-aa45-3f2d6729743c |
6d1e338c-10e5-4544-8f41-f21b8dffd4ba | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Mass graves and identification and dignified return of remains 67.The Committee notes the identification of at least 17 mass graves, including in Kokuthoduvai, Mannar, Batticaloa, Mullaittivu, Colombo Port and Chemmani. It also notes that, in Chemmani, the remains of 240 persons were located, includingtheremainsofchild... | 67. The Committee notes the identification of at least 17 mass graves, including in Kokuthoduvai, Mannar, Batticaloa, Mullaittivu, Colombo Port and Chemmani. It also notes that, in Chemmani, the remains of 240 persons were located, includingtheremainsofchildren, and that the public was invited to participate as observe... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 6d1e338c-10e5-4544-8f41-f21b8dffd4ba |
2646ddcb-2dc4-4fca-ab35-d25af85d06e3 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Mass graves and identification and dignified return of remains 68. The Committee urges the State Party: (a) To reinforce the capacity of the Office on Missing Persons to identify mass graves and to request that exhumations be carried out; (b) To develop a comprehensive strategy and plan for the search for and identific... | 68. The Committee urges the State Party: (a) To reinforce the capacity of the Office on Missing Persons to identify mass graves and to request that exhumations be carried out; (b) To develop a comprehensive strategy and plan for the search for and identification, excavation and investigation of burial sites and for the... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 2646ddcb-2dc4-4fca-ab35-d25af85d06e3 |
890ca595-a9ce-4d7a-b2ad-fe6371e0a5dc | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Freedom of association",
"Right to peaceful assembly",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Right to form and freely participate in organizations and associations 69.The Committee notes that the Constitution enshrines the right to freedom of assembly and association (art. 14 (1) (b) and (c)) and that the Enforced Disappearance Act recognizes the right of victims of enforced disappearance to form and freely pa... | 69. The Committee notes that the Constitution enshrines the right to freedom of assembly and association (art. 14 (1) (b) and (c)) and that the Enforced Disappearance Act recognizes the right of victims of enforced disappearance to form and freely participate in organizations and associations (sect. 14 (2)). Nonetheles... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 890ca595-a9ce-4d7a-b2ad-fe6371e0a5dc |
9ccf590e-672d-4cb3-b0d5-69fa37130c6d | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society",
"Media",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Right to form and freely participate in organizations and associations 70. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Respect and promote the right of all persons, irrespective of their ethnic, religious or geographical origin and of the time, place and circumstances of their disappearance, to form and freely p... | 70. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Respect and promote the right of all persons, irrespective of their ethnic, religious or geographical origin and of the time, place and circumstances of their disappearance, to form and freely participate in organizations and associations; (b) Adopt and implement t... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 9ccf590e-672d-4cb3-b0d5-69fa37130c6d |
c4beb8e1-aa76-4654-a5fe-5829a843d5a5 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [] | Wrongful removal of children 71.While noting that the State Party criminalizes the abduction of children, the Committee regrets that domestic legislation does not prohibit the wrongful removal of children, as provided for in article 25 (1) of the Convention(art. 25). | 71. While noting that the State Party criminalizes the abduction of children, the Committee regrets that domestic legislation does not prohibit the wrongful removal of children, as provided for in article 25 (1) of the Convention(art. 25). | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: c4beb8e1-aa76-4654-a5fe-5829a843d5a5 |
eab67bdc-88fe-46dd-b674-a92e40549f98 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [] | Wrongful removal of children 72. The Committee recommends that the State Party incorporate without undue delay all the acts described in article 25 (1) of the Convention into its legislation as specific offences, establishing appropriate penalties that take into account their extreme seriousness. Furthermore, the Commi... | 72. The Committee recommends that the State Party incorporate without undue delay all the acts described in article 25 (1) of the Convention into its legislation as specific offences, establishing appropriate penalties that take into account their extreme seriousness. Furthermore, the Committee calls upon the State Par... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: eab67bdc-88fe-46dd-b674-a92e40549f98 |
9cc571a7-1a97-4d7d-9052-ba8d56419a08 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children",
"Persons affected by armed conflict"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Wrongful removal of children 73.The Committee is concerned about the high number of children who disappeared during the conflict, including through abductions, or in the context of forced rehabilitation or forced recruitment of child soldiers, as illustrated by the recent discovery of skeletal remains of children, incl... | 73. The Committee is concerned about the high number of children who disappeared during the conflict, including through abductions, or in the context of forced rehabilitation or forced recruitment of child soldiers, as illustrated by the recent discovery of skeletal remains of children, including at the mass grave site... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 9cc571a7-1a97-4d7d-9052-ba8d56419a08 |
da2e8d9a-6c3c-44f0-ae2c-97d35f95be3f | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Transitional justice"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Wrongful removal of children 74. The Committee invites the State Party to pursue its efforts to identify the children whose remains have been located, including in the mass grave sites of Colombo Port and Chemmani , and to investigate the context of their disappearance, to ensure that the victims have access to truth, ... | 74. The Committee invites the State Party to pursue its efforts to identify the children whose remains have been located, including in the mass grave sites of Colombo Port and Chemmani , and to investigate the context of their disappearance, to ensure that the victims have access to truth, justice and reparation. | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: da2e8d9a-6c3c-44f0-ae2c-97d35f95be3f |
ad019603-951e-4401-806a-117800c79261 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Adoption 75.The Committee takes note of the Adoption of Children Ordinance No. 24 of 1941, as amended, and the Extraordinary Gazette notification issued in January 2025 that limits the number of adoption orders for foreign applicants to 100 for 2025. It also notes that, according to the information provided by the dele... | 75. The Committee takes note of the Adoption of Children Ordinance No. 24 of 1941, as amended, and the Extraordinary Gazette notification issued in January 2025 that limits the number of adoption orders for foreign applicants to 100 for 2025. It also notes that, according to the information provided by the delegation, ... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: ad019603-951e-4401-806a-117800c79261 |
ad11d5b1-99d7-4134-97d6-d110ddf556fc | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Adoption 76. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Harmonize its Criminal Code with article 25 (4) of the Convention, taking into consideration the joint statement on illegal intercountry adoption; (b) Conduct thorough and impartial investigations to determine whether children who are victims of enforced d... | 76. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Harmonize its Criminal Code with article 25 (4) of the Convention, taking into consideration the joint statement on illegal intercountry adoption; (b) Conduct thorough and impartial investigations to determine whether children who are victims of enforced disappeara... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: ad11d5b1-99d7-4134-97d6-d110ddf556fc |
c1820bd9-3f84-4be1-8510-5f5b637c008c | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [] | [] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 77. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming Parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of thei... | 77. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming Parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of their nature or the authority from which they emanate, are in full accordance with the Convention... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: c1820bd9-3f84-4be1-8510-5f5b637c008c |
1c0a921c-62ad-4968-ace2-369048bf8676 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Violence against women",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women"
] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 78. The Committee also wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women and girls who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and oth... | 78. The Committee also wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women and girls who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and other forms of gender-based violence. Women and girls who are relatives of a disappeared person ... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: 1c0a921c-62ad-4968-ace2-369048bf8676 |
de5b9261-e4cc-4c0c-9538-c5cd8fe9e5a5 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Public officials",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 79. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention, its report submitted under article 29 (1) of the Convention, the written replies to the list of issues drawn up by the Committee and the present concluding... | 79. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention, its report submitted under article 29 (1) of the Convention, the written replies to the list of issues drawn up by the Committee and the present concluding observations, in all the languages of the State Party, in order to raise awareness among the... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: de5b9261-e4cc-4c0c-9538-c5cd8fe9e5a5 |
f68b4e00-2429-45af-8fee-90c74f7e9899 | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Sri Lanka"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Civil society"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society"
] | [] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 80. Under article 29 (3) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit, by no later than 3 October 2028, specific and updated information on the implementation of all its recommendations and any other new ... | 80. Under article 29 (3) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit, by no later than 3 October 2028, specific and updated information on the implementation of all its recommendations and any other new information on the fulfilment of the obligations contained in the Convention. The Committee e... | CED | Sri Lanka | CED/C/LKA/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: e0153ca7-cab9-4fcb-a95c-5485f19a4a0e | AnnotationId: f68b4e00-2429-45af-8fee-90c74f7e9899 |
730db790-43ca-4029-a773-89f0a4912718 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | B.Positive aspects 5.The Committee welcomes the progress made by the State Party in areas relevant to the Convention, including: (a)The inclusion of enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity in 2002 (Criminal Code, art. 54C (2) (i)), with penalties extending up to 30 years’ imprisonment or, if the offence of e... | 5. The Committee welcomes the progress made by the State Party in areas relevant to the Convention, including: (a) The inclusion of enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity in 2002 (Criminal Code, art. 54C (2) (i)), with penalties extending up to 30 years’ imprisonment or, if the offence of enforced disappear... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 730db790-43ca-4029-a773-89f0a4912718 |
0a78bf91-fba5-41aa-9b4a-307ef7a68dba | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"17.9 - Enhance capacity-building in developing countries",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 6.In the present concluding observations, the Committee shares its concerns and provides recommendations to assist the State Party in ensuring full compliance with its treaty obligations, in both its normative framework and its implementation. The Committee encourages... | 6. In the present concluding observations, the Committee shares its concerns and provides recommendations to assist the State Party in ensuring full compliance with its treaty obligations, in both its normative framework and its implementation. The Committee encourages the State Party to implement the following recomme... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 0a78bf91-fba5-41aa-9b4a-307ef7a68dba |
4486335f-99aa-4d06-a109-2672ac7b40e7 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Applicability of the Convention 7.The Committee notes the State Party’s assertion that the Convention is directly applicable under domestic law, as reflected in its constitutional framework and legal practice. However, the Committee notes the absence of decisions in which the provisions of the Convention have been dire... | 7. The Committee notes the State Party’s assertion that the Convention is directly applicable under domestic law, as reflected in its constitutional framework and legal practice. However, the Committee notes the absence of decisions in which the provisions of the Convention have been directly invoked before national co... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 4486335f-99aa-4d06-a109-2672ac7b40e7 |
40ebc1c9-22e3-4b2c-bc55-e3c1f6abf9a2 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Applicability of the Convention 8. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend its legislation in order to incorporate the provisions of the Convention into national law and ensure their full and direct applicability in national courts and that they can be invoked before them. | 8. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend its legislation in order to incorporate the provisions of the Convention into national law and ensure their full and direct applicability in national courts and that they can be invoked before them. | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 40ebc1c9-22e3-4b2c-bc55-e3c1f6abf9a2 |
245f462e-c3b7-4297-8a8f-97aa4e961614 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society",
"Children",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7... | Stakeholders’ involvement in the preparation of the report 9.The Committee notes with concern that civil society organizations, including human rights defenders and victims’ groups, were not consulted during the preparation of the State Party’s report. While acknowledging the State Party’s explanation that no civil soc... | 9. The Committee notes with concern that civil society organizations, including human rights defenders and victims’ groups, were not consulted during the preparation of the State Party’s report. While acknowledging the State Party’s explanation that no civil society organizations in Malta specifically focus on enforced... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 245f462e-c3b7-4297-8a8f-97aa4e961614 |
393c1882-d01c-495c-bd03-957f470dd998 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society",
"Children",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Stakeholders’ involvement in the preparation of the report 10. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the meaningful participation of civil society organizations, including victims ’ associations and human rights organizations working on issues that may be related to enforced disappearances such as migrat... | 10. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the meaningful participation of civil society organizations, including victims ’ associations and human rights organizations working on issues that may be related to enforced disappearances such as migration, children ’ s rights and trafficking in persons, in the... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 393c1882-d01c-495c-bd03-957f470dd998 |
9ab73dd7-8cc3-4839-a0dd-c11c333426a2 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | National human rights institution 11.The Committee notes with concern that, although the human rights and equality commission bill was introduced in 2019, its progress toward enactment into law was halted due to the dissolution of Parliament in 2022 and that, consequently, the establishment of an independent national h... | 11. The Committee notes with concern that, although the human rights and equality commission bill was introduced in 2019, its progress toward enactment into law was halted due to the dissolution of Parliament in 2022 and that, consequently, the establishment of an independent national human rights institution has been ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 9ab73dd7-8cc3-4839-a0dd-c11c333426a2 |
9941bfd5-2363-4799-8875-1852cd04e894 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | National human rights institution 12. The Committee supports the recommendation of the Human Rights Committee to expedite the adoption of legislation establishing the National Commission for the Promotion of Equality and Human Rights in full compliance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions... | 12. The Committee supports the recommendation of the Human Rights Committee to expedite the adoption of legislation establishing the National Commission for the Promotion of Equality and Human Rights in full compliance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 9941bfd5-2363-4799-8875-1852cd04e894 |
61211f9d-fcf7-4b7c-b612-5b503706fa29 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Access to justice & remedy"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Individual and inter-State communications 13.The Committee notes with concern that Malta has not recognized the competence of the Committee under articles 31 and 32 of the Convention to receive and consider individual and inter-State communications. This limits the ability of victims and other States Parties to seek re... | 13. The Committee notes with concern that Malta has not recognized the competence of the Committee under articles 31 and 32 of the Convention to receive and consider individual and inter-State communications. This limits the ability of victims and other States Parties to seek redress for alleged violations of the Conve... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 61211f9d-fcf7-4b7c-b612-5b503706fa29 |
64c9fc1c-e209-4c78-9c9d-874e21423ba4 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Individual and inter-State communications 14. The Committee encourages the State Party to recognize its competence to receive and consider individual and inter-State communications under articles 31 and 32 of the Convention with a view to ensuring the full effectiveness of the Convention and strengthening the protectio... | 14. The Committee encourages the State Party to recognize its competence to receive and consider individual and inter-State communications under articles 31 and 32 of the Convention with a view to ensuring the full effectiveness of the Convention and strengthening the protection of victims from enforced disappearance, ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 64c9fc1c-e209-4c78-9c9d-874e21423ba4 |
1a3f18c7-04aa-4587-b4b7-66b1b1453564 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Statistical information and register of disappeared persons 15.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party indicating that Malta has not received reports or alerts of enforced disappearance or acts that amount to enforced disappearance and that no unified and operational register of disappea... | 15. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party indicating that Malta has not received reports or alerts of enforced disappearance or acts that amount to enforced disappearance and that no unified and operational register of disappeared persons is used by the competent authorities. While not... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 1a3f18c7-04aa-4587-b4b7-66b1b1453564 |
9c529acc-7df2-4b57-9f15-dc79aa3d6860 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Statistical information and register of disappeared persons 16. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Consider establishing a single register of disappeared persons to generate accurate and up-to-date statistical information on such persons, disaggregated by sex, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, n... | 16. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Consider establishing a single register of disappeared persons to generate accurate and up-to-date statistical information on such persons, disaggregated by sex, age, gender identity, sexual orientation, nationality and racial or ethnic origin. The information shou... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 9c529acc-7df2-4b57-9f15-dc79aa3d6860 |
c91b6b64-e0a5-48bc-a2c0-14293bea3f66 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Derogation & state of emergency"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Non-derogability of the prohibition of enforced disappearance 17.The Committee acknowledges that article 4 of the Emergency Powers Act subjects emergency regulations to constitutional safeguards. However, it notes with concern that domestic law does not explicitly provide for the absolute prohibition of enforced disapp... | 17. The Committee acknowledges that article 4 of the Emergency Powers Act subjects emergency regulations to constitutional safeguards. However, it notes with concern that domestic law does not explicitly provide for the absolute prohibition of enforced disappearance as required under article 1 (2) of the Convention (ar... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: c91b6b64-e0a5-48bc-a2c0-14293bea3f66 |
971424c5-c907-45d9-b00e-c3353470f83b | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Derogation & state of emergency"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Non-derogability of the prohibition of enforced disappearance 18. The Committee recommends that the State Party explicitly incorporate the absolute prohibition of enforced disappearance into national law, in accordance with article 1 (2) of the Convention, and clearly specify that no exceptional circumstances whatsoeve... | 18. The Committee recommends that the State Party explicitly incorporate the absolute prohibition of enforced disappearance into national law, in accordance with article 1 (2) of the Convention, and clearly specify that no exceptional circumstances whatsoever may be invoked as a justification for enforced disappearance... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 971424c5-c907-45d9-b00e-c3353470f83b |
688c257b-938c-441a-8656-6d7faa90a88a | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Offence of enforced disappearance 19.The Committee acknowledges that Malta criminalizes enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity under article 54C of the Criminal Code. However, it remains concerned that enforced disappearance is not established as an autonomous offence in compliance with article 2 of the Con... | 19. The Committee acknowledges that Malta criminalizes enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity under article 54C of the Criminal Code. However, it remains concerned that enforced disappearance is not established as an autonomous offence in compliance with article 2 of the Convention. The Committee also regre... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 688c257b-938c-441a-8656-6d7faa90a88a |
e6c15cb5-2787-4f17-875c-77aceafe765f | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Offence of enforced disappearance 20. The Committee urges the State Party: (a) To incorporate without delay enforced disappearance into national law as an autonomous offence in line with the definition contained in article 2 of the Convention; (b) To punish the offence of enforced disappearance with appropriate penalti... | 20. The Committee urges the State Party: (a) To incorporate without delay enforced disappearance into national law as an autonomous offence in line with the definition contained in article 2 of the Convention; (b) To punish the offence of enforced disappearance with appropriate penalties that take into account the extr... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: e6c15cb5-2787-4f17-875c-77aceafe765f |
c2932f12-929e-4736-9a2c-8a9f1ca46657 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Criminal responsibility of superiors and due obedience 21.The Committee notes with concern that current legislation in Malta does not explicitly include the criminal responsibility of persons who order or instigate enforced disappearance, or that of superiors, in compliance with article 6 of the Convention (arts. 1, 6 ... | 21. The Committee notes with concern that current legislation in Malta does not explicitly include the criminal responsibility of persons who order or instigate enforced disappearance, or that of superiors, in compliance with article 6 of the Convention (arts. 1, 6 and 23). | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: c2932f12-929e-4736-9a2c-8a9f1ca46657 |
92967a96-d2a9-4e9e-9d51-180ed4c56bf0 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Criminal responsibility of superiors and due obedience 22. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend its legislation in line with article 6 of the Convention to explicitly establish the criminal responsibility of superiors, both military and civilian, and to specify that no order or instruction from any publi... | 22. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend its legislation in line with article 6 of the Convention to explicitly establish the criminal responsibility of superiors, both military and civilian, and to specify that no order or instruction from any public authority, civilian, military or other, may be invoke... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 92967a96-d2a9-4e9e-9d51-180ed4c56bf0 |
a1bcddc6-c05e-4fdb-a080-1a6a49c6a194 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Appropriate penalties 23.The Committee observes that, in the absence of an autonomous crime of enforced disappearance, the offences covered by articles 86, 90 and 199 of the Criminal Code do not provide for punishments that are commensurate with the seriousness of the crime of enforced disappearance in compliance with ... | 23. The Committee observes that, in the absence of an autonomous crime of enforced disappearance, the offences covered by articles 86, 90 and 199 of the Criminal Code do not provide for punishments that are commensurate with the seriousness of the crime of enforced disappearance in compliance with article 7 (1) of the ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: a1bcddc6-c05e-4fdb-a080-1a6a49c6a194 |
510aaeae-d897-44bf-a2ca-5f164726e0f7 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Appropriate penalties 24. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt the legislative measures necessary to include in its criminal law appropriate penalties for the offence of enforced disappearance that take into account its extreme seriousness, as well as the specific mitigating and aggravating circumstances... | 24. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt the legislative measures necessary to include in its criminal law appropriate penalties for the offence of enforced disappearance that take into account its extreme seriousness, as well as the specific mitigating and aggravating circumstances set out in article 7 ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 510aaeae-d897-44bf-a2ca-5f164726e0f7 |
c0e273a4-61d4-4c19-81d8-2167d179b416 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Investigation of the disappearance of unaccompanied minor asylum-seekers from reception centres 25.The Committee regrets the lack of specific data on and comprehensive measures to search for disappeared unaccompanied minor asylum-seekers from reception centres in Malta and to investigate their disappearance. Furthermor... | 25. The Committee regrets the lack of specific data on and comprehensive measures to search for disappeared unaccompanied minor asylum-seekers from reception centres in Malta and to investigate their disappearance. Furthermore, the Committee is concerned about reports indicating that searches for unaccompanied minors m... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: c0e273a4-61d4-4c19-81d8-2167d179b416 |
1007a11e-849f-4b05-81c7-6797f2d0641e | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Arbitrary arrest & detention",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Investigation of the disappearance of unaccompanied minor asylum-seekers from reception centres 26. In compliance with articles, 12, 14–16 and 24 of the Convention and in the light of the Guiding Principles for the Search for Disappeared Persons and the Committee ’ s general comment No. 1 (2023) on enforced disappearan... | 26. In compliance with articles, 12, 14–16 and 24 of the Convention and in the light of the Guiding Principles for the Search for Disappeared Persons and the Committee ’ s general comment No. 1 (2023) on enforced disappearance in the context of migration, the Committee requests the State Party: (a) To establish a speci... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 1007a11e-849f-4b05-81c7-6797f2d0641e |
59d7b46b-cb63-4086-93da-25a8e76873eb | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | International cooperation and mutual legal assistance 27.The Committee notes with concern that, while Malta has extradition agreements with 27 countries, including States of the Commonwealth and States such as Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and the United States of America, none of these agreements explicitly list enforced disa... | 27. The Committee notes with concern that, while Malta has extradition agreements with 27 countries, including States of the Commonwealth and States such as Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and the United States of America, none of these agreements explicitly list enforced disappearance as an extraditable offence. The Committee i... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 59d7b46b-cb63-4086-93da-25a8e76873eb |
c9b0fc54-74be-4347-89f2-51dbe0af71d1 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Cooperation with international organizations",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"17.9 - Enhance capacity-building in developing countries",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | International cooperation and mutual legal assistance 28. The Committee recommends that the State Party take the following measures to strengthen international judicial cooperation in cases of enforced disappearance: (a) Explicitly include enforced disappearance as an extraditable offence in all existing and future ext... | 28. The Committee recommends that the State Party take the following measures to strengthen international judicial cooperation in cases of enforced disappearance: (a) Explicitly include enforced disappearance as an extraditable offence in all existing and future extradition treaties, in line with article 13 of the Conv... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: c9b0fc54-74be-4347-89f2-51dbe0af71d1 |
0b68a187-a1ea-4f62-bde5-3fc1080f6038 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Migrants",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Non-refoulement and extradition 29.The Committee takes note of the State Party’s assertion that its legal framework, including constitutional provisions and the Council of the European Union Act 2001/C 326/01 establishing, in accordance with Article 34 of the Treaty on European Union, the Protocol to the Convention on ... | 29. The Committee takes note of the State Party’s assertion that its legal framework, including constitutional provisions and the Council of the European Union Act 2001/C 326/01 establishing, in accordance with Article 34 of the Treaty on European Union, the Protocol to the Convention on Mutual Assistance in Criminal M... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 0b68a187-a1ea-4f62-bde5-3fc1080f6038 |
aeac41d0-857f-46e2-acbc-9f122d0c77ac | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Migrants",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | Non-refoulement and extradition 30. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Explicitly incorporate into domestic law an absolute prohibition on refoulement, expulsion, return or extradition where there are substantial grounds for believing that a person would be in danger of enforced disappearance, in full c... | 30. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Explicitly incorporate into domestic law an absolute prohibition on refoulement, expulsion, return or extradition where there are substantial grounds for believing that a person would be in danger of enforced disappearance, in full compliance with article 16 of the... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: aeac41d0-857f-46e2-acbc-9f122d0c77ac |
c32ab686-e69f-432f-bd50-05c9de43babf | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Migrants",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)",
"Data collection & research",
"Conditions of detention",
"National Preventive Mechanism (NPM)"
] | [
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Registers of persons deprived of their liberty 31.The Committee acknowledges the State Party’s explanation that registers of persons deprived of their liberty are maintained in police custody facilities and migrant detention centres, in both digital and hard-copy formats, and that records are updated upon admission. Ho... | 31. The Committee acknowledges the State Party’s explanation that registers of persons deprived of their liberty are maintained in police custody facilities and migrant detention centres, in both digital and hard-copy formats, and that records are updated upon admission. However, the Committee notes with concern the ab... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: c32ab686-e69f-432f-bd50-05c9de43babf |
e82624d0-f380-45b7-b13e-eb5ef5edafda | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Migrants",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Liberty & security of the person",
"Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)",
"Data collection & research",
"Conditions of detention",
"National Preventive Mechanism (NPM)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Registers of persons deprived of their liberty 32. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Centralize all existing registers of persons deprived of liberty, establishing a single and fully interoperable register of all persons deprived of liberty, without exception, ensuring that it contains, at a minimum, a... | 32. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Centralize all existing registers of persons deprived of liberty, establishing a single and fully interoperable register of all persons deprived of liberty, without exception, ensuring that it contains, at a minimum, all the information required under article 17 (3... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: e82624d0-f380-45b7-b13e-eb5ef5edafda |
d989dae1-9b52-4545-ba8c-7335d994fb56 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Migrants",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Right to health",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research",
"Conditions of detention",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"10 - REDUCED INEQUALITIES",
"17.9 - Enhance capacity-building in developing countries",... | Conditions in detention and migration centres 33.The Committee notes the State Party’s assertion that overcrowding in migrant detention facilities has been addressed through the construction of new centres and that no incidents of violence have been reported in recent years. However, the Committee remains deeply concer... | 33. The Committee notes the State Party’s assertion that overcrowding in migrant detention facilities has been addressed through the construction of new centres and that no incidents of violence have been reported in recent years. However, the Committee remains deeply concerned about: (a) Reliable allegations of non-as... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: d989dae1-9b52-4545-ba8c-7335d994fb56 |
990fc505-61fe-4b10-80a9-0913e94ea04e | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Migrants",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Right to life",
"Liberty & security of the person",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research",
"Conditions of detention"
] | [
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"10 - REDUCED INEQUALITIES",
"17.9 - Enhance capacity-building in developing countries"
] | Conditions in detention and migration centres 34. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Immediately cease all practices of pushbacks or indirect returns to Libya and ensure that all search and rescue operations prioritize the disembarkation of migrants in safe locations, in full compliance with internation... | 34. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Immediately cease all practices of pushbacks or indirect returns to Libya and ensure that all search and rescue operations prioritize the disembarkation of migrants in safe locations, in full compliance with international human rights and maritime law; (b) Revise t... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 990fc505-61fe-4b10-80a9-0913e94ea04e |
e0889435-a9a8-4eef-a4c9-b876d3c07639 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Public officials",
"Migrants",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Conditions of detention"
] | [
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"10 - REDUCED INEQUALITIES",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Training 35.The Committee takes note of the training initiatives undertaken by the State Party, including courses provided by CEPOL, on topics such as disappeared persons, victim protection and fundamental human rights, as well as in-service training for police officers that incorporates references to the Convention. H... | 35. The Committee takes note of the training initiatives undertaken by the State Party, including courses provided by CEPOL, on topics such as disappeared persons, victim protection and fundamental human rights, as well as in-service training for police officers that incorporates references to the Convention. However, ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: e0889435-a9a8-4eef-a4c9-b876d3c07639 |
60c86897-44b7-41a7-8912-0b429dbb59fb | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Migrants",
"Women & girls",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons with disabilities",
"Persons affected by armed conflict",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Training 36. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Develop and implement mandatory periodic training programmes on the Convention and enforced disappearance for all law enforcement, military, judicial, medical and migration personnel, ensuring that such training covers the specific requirements of groups i... | 36. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Develop and implement mandatory periodic training programmes on the Convention and enforced disappearance for all law enforcement, military, judicial, medical and migration personnel, ensuring that such training covers the specific requirements of groups including ... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 60c86897-44b7-41a7-8912-0b429dbb59fb |
dab6f084-9feb-4915-8bba-90a4da90ef18 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Transitional justice"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Access to truth, justice and reparation 37.The Committee takes note of the State Party’s explanation regarding existing legal avenues for victims to seek compensation, including through civil suits, constitutional applications and the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme. However, the Committee is concerned that: (a)T... | 37. The Committee takes note of the State Party’s explanation regarding existing legal avenues for victims to seek compensation, including through civil suits, constitutional applications and the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme. However, the Committee is concerned that: (a) The Victims of Crime Act does not expli... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: dab6f084-9feb-4915-8bba-90a4da90ef18 |
31843f6d-10f1-4682-82c0-1f75f8faa0c5 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Transitional justice"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Access to truth, justice and reparation 38. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Establish clear legal provisions guaranteeing the right of victims to know the truth regarding the circumstances of the enforced disappearance, the progress and results of investigations and the fate or whereabouts of the dis... | 38. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Establish clear legal provisions guaranteeing the right of victims to know the truth regarding the circumstances of the enforced disappearance, the progress and results of investigations and the fate or whereabouts of the disappeared person, including, in the event... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 31843f6d-10f1-4682-82c0-1f75f8faa0c5 |
2dad11f2-f0c1-4317-ac06-4eac420907fa | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Violence against women",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"5 - GENDER EQUALITY",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Gender-specific impacts of enforced disappearance 39.The Committee notes the State Party’s efforts to address trafficking in persons, including provisions in the Criminal Code (arts. 248A–248E) and the Victims of Crime Act. However, it regrets the lack of specific measures to address the gendered dimensions of enforced... | 39. The Committee notes the State Party’s efforts to address trafficking in persons, including provisions in the Criminal Code (arts. 248A–248E) and the Victims of Crime Act. However, it regrets the lack of specific measures to address the gendered dimensions of enforced disappearance, in particular the heightened risk... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 2dad11f2-f0c1-4317-ac06-4eac420907fa |
70663e6a-1131-4a8c-98dc-1766fc068c88 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Gender-specific impacts of enforced disappearance 40. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure that State authorities systematically adopt a differential approach to ensure that women and girls who are victims of enforced disappearance or whose relatives have disappeared have access to protection, just... | 40. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure that State authorities systematically adopt a differential approach to ensure that women and girls who are victims of enforced disappearance or whose relatives have disappeared have access to protection, justice and support that are adapted to their requirem... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 70663e6a-1131-4a8c-98dc-1766fc068c88 |
18ee98d7-b5d0-4ff4-9b83-a910943dddf1 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child ... | Protection of unaccompanied minors 41.The Committee regrets the lack of information on measures to protect unaccompanied minors from enforced disappearance, in particular in migration and trafficking contexts. It is deeply concerned by reports that many unaccompanied minors have left the facility for children of foreig... | 41. The Committee regrets the lack of information on measures to protect unaccompanied minors from enforced disappearance, in particular in migration and trafficking contexts. It is deeply concerned by reports that many unaccompanied minors have left the facility for children of foreign nationals and that no records of... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 18ee98d7-b5d0-4ff4-9b83-a910943dddf1 |
0fe3a9aa-58a2-44ff-8806-96bfb5b03790 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"10 - REDUCED INEQUALITIES",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Protection of unaccompanied minors 42. The Committee urges the State Party: (a) To strengthen preventive measures, including mandatory reporting protocols and regular welfare checks in reception centres, to address risks of disappearance, in particular from the facility for children of foreign nationals; (b) To ensure ... | 42. The Committee urges the State Party: (a) To strengthen preventive measures, including mandatory reporting protocols and regular welfare checks in reception centres, to address risks of disappearance, in particular from the facility for children of foreign nationals; (b) To ensure continuous search efforts for disap... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 0fe3a9aa-58a2-44ff-8806-96bfb5b03790 |
51836aca-4c29-4ef7-b5da-6d05cf96560f | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Wrongful removal of children and illegal intercountry adoptions 43.The Committee is concerned about the absence of information on the existing or planned criminalization of the conduct described in article 25 (1) of the Convention and on the measures taken to locate children who have been victims of wrongful removal or... | 43. The Committee is concerned about the absence of information on the existing or planned criminalization of the conduct described in article 25 (1) of the Convention and on the measures taken to locate children who have been victims of wrongful removal or enforced disappearance. | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 51836aca-4c29-4ef7-b5da-6d05cf96560f |
679f5a69-912d-4b85-a92a-0cd218788a45 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"16.9 - Universal legal identity and birth registration",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Wrongful removal of children and illegal intercountry adoptions 44. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Incorporate as specific offences all the acts described in article 25 (1) of the Convention, providing for appropriate penalties that take into account the extreme seriousness of the offences; (b) Take... | 44. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Incorporate as specific offences all the acts described in article 25 (1) of the Convention, providing for appropriate penalties that take into account the extreme seriousness of the offences; (b) Take effective measures to prevent the falsification, concealment or... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 679f5a69-912d-4b85-a92a-0cd218788a45 |
efb48e08-c042-4333-8b94-d7154aec6344 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Wrongful removal of children and illegal intercountry adoptions 45.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding the legal framework governing adoptions under the Adoption Administration Act, which criminalizes unauthorized arrangements for child adoptions. However, the Committee reg... | 45. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding the legal framework governing adoptions under the Adoption Administration Act, which criminalizes unauthorized arrangements for child adoptions. However, the Committee regrets the absence of information about the measures taken to pre... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: efb48e08-c042-4333-8b94-d7154aec6344 |
3c79e0c7-cf70-4df1-8f27-bd1467afe3b7 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"16.9 - Universal legal identity and birth re... | Wrongful removal of children and illegal intercountry adoptions 46. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen oversight mechanisms to ensure that all intercountry adoptions are conducted transparently, with due diligence to prevent trafficking in children, enforced disappearances and identity fraud,... | 46. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen oversight mechanisms to ensure that all intercountry adoptions are conducted transparently, with due diligence to prevent trafficking in children, enforced disappearances and identity fraud, and in strict compliance with the Convention on Protection of C... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 3c79e0c7-cf70-4df1-8f27-bd1467afe3b7 |
06f0acef-246d-49c0-8b04-f4d911b82302 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 47. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of thei... | 47. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of their nature or the authority from which they emanate, are in full accordance with the Convention... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 06f0acef-246d-49c0-8b04-f4d911b82302 |
08840ef5-397b-4a6c-8d05-c43307c5936b | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Violence against women",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17 - PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS",
"5 - GENDER EQUALITY",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women"
] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 48. The Committee also wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and other forms o... | 48. The Committee also wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and other forms of gender-based violence. Women who are relatives of a disappeared person and thus victims acc... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 08840ef5-397b-4a6c-8d05-c43307c5936b |
7e371626-6de4-42be-8158-bee67a80c2d6 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Public officials",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 49. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention, its report submitted under article 29 (1) of the Convention, the written replies to the list of issues drawn up by the Committee and the present concluding... | 49. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention, its report submitted under article 29 (1) of the Convention, the written replies to the list of issues drawn up by the Committee and the present concluding observations, in order to raise awareness among the judicial, legislative and administrative... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 7e371626-6de4-42be-8158-bee67a80c2d6 |
968d053b-2d05-4577-82a7-c1a154f01db6 | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | CED | 2025-04-10 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Malta"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 50. Under article 29 (3) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit, by no later than 4 April 2032, specific and updated information on the implementation of all its recommendations and any other new in... | 50. Under article 29 (3) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit, by no later than 4 April 2032, specific and updated information on the implementation of all its recommendations and any other new information on the fulfilment of the obligations contained in the Convention. The Committee enc... | CED | Malta | CED/C/MLT/CO/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: ca8d9df6-f528-4d68-8df0-b819e478e5a2 | AnnotationId: 968d053b-2d05-4577-82a7-c1a154f01db6 |
2ca7716c-93b7-4d42-ab98-0c24fb679b02 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)",
"Prohibition of tortur... | [
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | B.Positive aspects 4.The Committee acknowledges the measures taken by the State Party in areas relevant to the Convention following the adoption of the Committee’s previous concluding observations, including: (a)The adoption of the Guidelines for the Search for Missing Persons, in July 2025; (b)The adoption of the Judi... | 4. The Committee acknowledges the measures taken by the State Party in areas relevant to the Convention following the adoption of the Committee’s previous concluding observations, including: (a) The adoption of the Guidelines for the Search for Missing Persons, in July 2025; (b) The adoption of the Judicial Reform Stra... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 2ca7716c-93b7-4d42-ab98-0c24fb679b02 |
061fc64c-813f-45c6-80d7-9395c2e69f8c | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | C.Effect given to the Committee’s recommendations and new developments in the State Party 5.Having considered the information provided by the State Party in the context of the constructive dialogue, the Committee wishes to highlight its concerns and put forward its recommendations, which have been made in a constructiv... | 5. Having considered the information provided by the State Party in the context of the constructive dialogue, the Committee wishes to highlight its concerns and put forward its recommendations, which have been made in a constructive and cooperative spirit. It invites the State Party to take account of the recommendatio... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 061fc64c-813f-45c6-80d7-9395c2e69f8c |
487c7f42-a03e-4196-91c0-3969e61a26f9 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Criminalization of enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence 6.The Committee welcomes the statement of the delegation of the State Party indicating that the recent draft law on amendmentsto the Criminal Code contained a proposed provision (article 446a) that would criminalize enforced disappearance as an autonomo... | 6. The Committee welcomes the statement of the delegation of the State Party indicating that the recent draft law on amendmentsto the Criminal Code contained a proposed provision (article 446a) that would criminalize enforced disappearance as an autonomous crime and include the criminal responsibility of superiors. The... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 487c7f42-a03e-4196-91c0-3969e61a26f9 |
d2caab3e-185a-4592-a99a-be03de1aacb0 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Criminalization of enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence 7. The Committee reiterates its recommendation t hat the State Party amend the Criminal Code to incorporate enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence that includes all the elements stipulated in the definition of the offence contained in article 2... | 7. The Committee reiterates its recommendationthat the State Party amend the Criminal Code to incorporate enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence that includes all the elements stipulated in the definition of the offence contained in article 2 of the Convention. It further recommends the adoption of appropriate... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: d2caab3e-185a-4592-a99a-be03de1aacb0 |
6441e0de-2bbf-476a-88f7-a9f0f48ba4e4 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Statute of limitations 8.The Committee notes that, in accordance with article 125 of the Criminal Code, the statute of limitations for criminal prosecution starts from the day of the commission of the offence, and if the consequence of the offence occurs later, the statute of limitations applies from the date on which ... | 8. The Committee notes that, in accordance with article 125 of the Criminal Code, the statute of limitations for criminal prosecution starts from the day of the commission of the offence, and if the consequence of the offence occurs later, the statute of limitations applies from the date on which the consequence occurr... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 6441e0de-2bbf-476a-88f7-a9f0f48ba4e4 |
681eba01-4c93-4fd4-b2eb-c23e0b545919 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Statute of limitations 9. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend its Criminal Code to provide that the statute of limitations applied to enforced disappearances that do not amount to a crime against humanity is of a long duration and proportionate to the extreme seriousness of the offence, and that, given ... | 9. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend its Criminal Code to provide that the statute of limitations applied to enforced disappearances that do not amount to a crime against humanity is of a long duration and proportionate to the extreme seriousness of the offence, and that, given the continuous nature o... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 681eba01-4c93-4fd4-b2eb-c23e0b545919 |
17ab084f-a306-4619-aab3-cf4b05d4ad6d | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | National human rights institution 10.The Committee takes note of the delegation’s affirmation that a draft law on the office of the Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms of Montenegro (the Ombudsman) is in the final stages, is to be adopted in 2025 and is aimed at ensuring that theinstitution, accredited with B status... | 10. The Committee takes note of the delegation’s affirmation that a draft law on the office of the Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms of Montenegro (the Ombudsman) is in the final stages, is to be adopted in 2025 and is aimed at ensuring that theinstitution, accredited with B status in 2016, is fully in line with t... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 17ab084f-a306-4619-aab3-cf4b05d4ad6d |
9d0e3f46-cf63-4b7c-bc27-6df26bbcbe55 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | National human rights institution 11. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen the office of the Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms of Montenegro by ensuring that it is fully in line with the Paris Principles and implementing the recommendations of the Subcommittee on Accreditation of the Global All... | 11. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen the office of the Protector of Human Rights and Freedoms of Montenegro by ensuring that it is fully in line with the Paris Principles and implementing the recommendations of the Subcommittee on Accreditation of the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Ins... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 9d0e3f46-cf63-4b7c-bc27-6df26bbcbe55 |
9f3b492d-3836-4c26-88f1-f78fe4b09c29 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Persons affected by armed conflict"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Commission on Missing Persons 12.The Committee welcomes the Guidelines for the Search for Missing Persons, adopted by the State Party in July 2025. It also takes note that the Commission on Missing Persons maintains one register covering “missing persons” and identified and unidentified located human remains; that sinc... | 12. The Committee welcomes the Guidelines for the Search for Missing Persons, adopted by the State Party in July 2025. It also takes note that the Commission on Missing Persons maintains one register covering “missing persons” and identified and unidentified located human remains; that since 2021, the human remains of ... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 9f3b492d-3836-4c26-88f1-f78fe4b09c29 |
5688c9e7-d51e-4b26-be7f-df7edebadc0b | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Commission on Missing Persons 13. In the light of its Guiding Principles for the Search for Disappeared Persons, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Disseminate the Guidelines for the Search for Missing Persons, adopted by the State Party, among the competent authorities, civil society, the relatives of ... | 13. In the light of its Guiding Principles for the Search for Disappeared Persons, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Disseminate the Guidelines for the Search for Missing Persons, adopted by the State Party, among the competent authorities, civil society, the relatives of disappeared persons and the ge... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 5688c9e7-d51e-4b26-be7f-df7edebadc0b |
66a6d1d0-5d35-4d2f-a814-f4ffdb7ef358 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Enforced disappearances",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)",
"Budget & resources (... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Search, investigation and prosecution of enforced disappearances 14.The Committee welcomesthe 2024–2027 strategy for the investigation of war crimes,the cooperation of the Special State Prosecutor’s Office with the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals,and the reopening, by the Special State Prosecuto... | 14. The Committee welcomesthe 2024–2027 strategy for the investigation of war crimes, the cooperation of the Special State Prosecutor’s Office with the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals, and the reopening, by the Special State Prosecutor’s Office, of four war crimes cases, including the case of th... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 66a6d1d0-5d35-4d2f-a814-f4ffdb7ef358 |
dd3e28a7-6038-4301-9289-831159b7711c | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Data collection & research",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Search, investigation and prosecution of enforced disappearances 15. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify its efforts to ensure that all allegations of enforced disappearance, regardless of the time, location and circumstances of the disappearance s, are investigated thoroughly, effectively and ... | 15. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify its efforts to ensure that all allegations of enforced disappearance, regardless of the time, location and circumstances of the disappearances, are investigated thoroughly, effectively and impartially, even in the absence of a formal complaint, and that t... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: dd3e28a7-6038-4301-9289-831159b7711c |
87a74b64-0221-4656-a516-5a1afa404c33 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | International cooperation and mutual legal assistance 16.The Committee welcomes the cooperation among the commissions on missing persons in the Western Balkans region, and the participation of the State Party in the regional group on missing persons, including the operational working groups on identifying human remains... | 16. The Committee welcomes the cooperation among the commissions on missing persons in the Western Balkans region, and the participation of the State Party in the regional group on missing persons, including the operational working groups on identifying human remains and on administering the regional database on missin... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 87a74b64-0221-4656-a516-5a1afa404c33 |
afaa3ebd-4976-4611-b002-df8fb7517398 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Cooperation with international organizations"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | International cooperation and mutual legal assistance 17. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen effective cooperation and mutual legal assistance mechanisms with neighbouring countries to facilitate the sharing of information and evidence to support the search for disappeared persons, the identificat... | 17. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen effective cooperation and mutual legal assistance mechanisms with neighbouring countries to facilitate the sharing of information and evidence to support the search for disappeared persons, the identification, investigation and prosecution of the alleged perp... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: afaa3ebd-4976-4611-b002-df8fb7517398 |
060839fe-5f5d-43bd-b53c-8b028b600138 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & counter-terrorism",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against huma... | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and prom... | Protection of persons participating in an investigation 18.The Committee takes note of the information, provided by the delegation during the dialogue, about the plan of the State Party to strengthen the support of victims in criminal matters in the context of the review of the Code of Criminal Procedure. It also notes... | 18. The Committee takes note of the information, provided by the delegation during the dialogue, about the plan of the State Party to strengthen the support of victims in criminal matters in the context of the review of the Code of Criminal Procedure. It also notes that, under the current Code of Criminal Procedure, th... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 060839fe-5f5d-43bd-b53c-8b028b600138 |
8b737169-ed29-486c-a273-bf6cc866e1db | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Protection of persons participating in an investigation 19. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Review the Law on Witness Protection to facilitate access to the witness protection programme, ensure the existence of clear and specific criteria and procedures for accessing the programme and provide for the... | 19. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Review the Law on Witness Protection to facilitate access to the witness protection programme, ensure the existence of clear and specific criteria and procedures for accessing the programme and provide for the verification of the risks faced by persons applying for... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 8b737169-ed29-486c-a273-bf6cc866e1db |
02d73e9b-fd3a-4d85-8913-41330985e6f0 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Fundamental legal safeguards 20.While noting that the Code of Criminal Procedure enshrines fundamental legal safeguards for persons deprived of their liberty and that the Ministry of the Interior has adopted instructions to ensure the full respect of those safeguards in all police premises, the Committee is concerned a... | 20. While noting that the Code of Criminal Procedure enshrines fundamental legal safeguards for persons deprived of their liberty and that the Ministry of the Interior has adopted instructions to ensure the full respect of those safeguards in all police premises, the Committee is concerned at reports indicating that ke... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 02d73e9b-fd3a-4d85-8913-41330985e6f0 |
9e80d9a7-cfe5-4c6f-8606-539937ba9d05 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Fundamental legal safeguards 21. The Committee recommends that the State Party guarantee that all persons deprived of liberty are afforded in law and in practice all the fundamental legal safeguards provided for under article 17 of the Convention from the outset of the deprivation of liberty, including access to an ind... | 21. The Committee recommends that the State Party guarantee that all persons deprived of liberty are afforded in law and in practice all the fundamental legal safeguards provided for under article 17 of the Convention from the outset of the deprivation of liberty, including access to an independent lawyer and to medica... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 9e80d9a7-cfe5-4c6f-8606-539937ba9d05 |
4ab1945f-40e5-4395-be69-324e318bc293 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [] | Register of persons deprived of liberty 22.The Committee takes note that, in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure, the Law on the Execution of Prison Sentences and related regulations, the State Party must keep and maintain registers of prisoners and detainees, and a central register of inmates’ personal file... | 22. The Committee takes note that, in accordance with the Code of Criminal Procedure, the Law on the Execution of Prison Sentences and related regulations, the State Party must keep and maintain registers of prisoners and detainees, and a central register of inmates’ personal files. However, the Committee is concerned ... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 4ab1945f-40e5-4395-be69-324e318bc293 |
e4d471b5-b65f-432d-b3d6-c0a261ec853d | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Liberty & security of the person"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Register of persons deprived of liberty 23. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that custody registers and individual detainee records are promptly, accurately and consistently completed and updated and that, in the event of irregularities, the officials responsible are duly sanctioned. The Committee f... | 23. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that custody registers and individual detainee records are promptly, accurately and consistently completed and updated and that, in the event of irregularities, the officials responsible are duly sanctioned. The Committee further recommends that the State Party g... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: e4d471b5-b65f-432d-b3d6-c0a261ec853d |
dabfb7c7-f6f3-4530-bcc2-878bce70139f | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Training on the Convention 24.The Committee notes that, according to the information received during the dialogue, the Centre for Training in Judiciary and State Prosecution Service is developing a curriculumand materials for training on enforced disappearance. It also notes the information provided by the State Party ... | 24. The Committee notes that, according to the information received during the dialogue, the Centre for Training in Judiciary and State Prosecution Service is developing a curriculumand materials for training on enforced disappearance. It also notes the information provided by the State Party regarding training session... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: dabfb7c7-f6f3-4530-bcc2-878bce70139f |
b44c998c-7338-4f1d-9c0e-7e6a86e19809 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Migrants",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Enforced disappearances"
] | [
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Training on the Convention 25. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen efforts to ensure that all law enforcement and security personnel, civil or military, medical personnel, public officials and other persons who may be involved in the custody or treatment of any person deprived of liberty, including... | 25. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen efforts to ensure that all law enforcement and security personnel, civil or military, medical personnel, public officials and other persons who may be involved in the custody or treatment of any person deprived of liberty, including judges, prosecutors and ot... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: b44c998c-7338-4f1d-9c0e-7e6a86e19809 |
3e61f178-4907-427d-94ce-fa78df54520d | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Transitional justice"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Definition of victim and victims’ rights 26.The Committee welcomes that the Guidelines for the Search forMissing Persons refer to the right of victimsto the truth. Nonetheless, it regrets that the definition of victim in the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure does not grant victim status when criminal pro... | 26. The Committee welcomes that the Guidelines for the Search forMissing Persons refer to the right of victimsto the truth. Nonetheless, it regrets that the definition of victim in the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure does not grant victim status when criminal proceedings against a perpetrator have not ... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 3e61f178-4907-427d-94ce-fa78df54520d |
ecb15b8b-67c8-4420-a226-88154c7cd2a6 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Definition of victim and victims’ rights 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt a definition of victim in its criminal legislation that is in accordance with the definition in article 24 (1) of the Convention, including all persons who have suffered harm as the direct result of an enforced disappearanc... | 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt a definition of victim in its criminal legislation that is in accordance with the definition in article 24 (1) of the Convention, including all persons who have suffered harm as the direct result of an enforced disappearance. It also encourages the State Party to ... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: ecb15b8b-67c8-4420-a226-88154c7cd2a6 |
779d380f-f2ed-4342-95f6-d84a51a5730e | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)"
] | [
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women"
] | Right to obtain reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation 28.The Committee welcomes that the Commission on Missing Persons organizes commemorations jointly with victims. Moreover, the Committee notes the adoption of amendments to the Law on Veterans’ and Disability Protection, which grant the status of civi... | 28. The Committee welcomes that the Commission on Missing Persons organizes commemorations jointly with victims. Moreover, the Committee notes the adoption of amendments to the Law on Veterans’ and Disability Protection, which grant the status of civilian victim of war to the victims of the conflicts that took place in... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 779d380f-f2ed-4342-95f6-d84a51a5730e |
cd460a74-4372-4f0b-9fe8-82333dc35b67 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Right to obtain reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation 29. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure that any individual who has suffered harm as a direct result of enforced disappearance has access to a comprehensive reparation programme , not limited to monetary compensation, that compl... | 29. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure that any individual who has suffered harm as a direct result of enforced disappearance has access to a comprehensive reparation programme , not limited to monetary compensation, that complies with article 24 (4) and (5) of the Convention, regardless of when ... | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: cd460a74-4372-4f0b-9fe8-82333dc35b67 |
3dcd8495-48b1-4954-a20d-b2a335202362 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Right to obtain reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation 30.While noting that the scope of the Law on Legal Aid was broadened in 2024, including through the extension of the right to legal aid to victims of torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, the Committee is concerned that this servic... | 30. While noting that the scope of the Law on Legal Aid was broadened in 2024, including through the extension of the right to legal aid to victims of torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, the Committee is concerned that this service is still not available for victims of enforced disappearance. | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 3dcd8495-48b1-4954-a20d-b2a335202362 |
bb8adc8c-0f44-46fe-b27a-33a5da1cbd18 | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | CED | 2025-10-09 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Montenegro"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Right to obtain reparation and prompt, fair and adequate compensation 31. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend the Law on Legal Aid to ensure that the right to free legal aid is granted to victims of enforced disappearances. | 31. The Committee recommends that the State Party amend the Law on Legal Aid to ensure that the right to free legal aid is granted to victims of enforced disappearances. | CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: bb8adc8c-0f44-46fe-b27a-33a5da1cbd18 |
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