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a6317c87-7edc-4511-ba45-f699e5c873ee
CED/C/MNE/OAI/1
CED
2025-10-09
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Montenegro" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Persons affected by armed conflict" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Land & property rights" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
Legal situation of disappeared persons whose fate has not been clarified and that of their relatives 32.The Committee is concerned that relatives of disappeared persons can exercise their rights in areas such as social welfare, financial matters, family law and property rights only if a court declares the death of a di...
32. The Committee is concerned that relatives of disappeared persons can exercise their rights in areas such as social welfare, financial matters, family law and property rights only if a court declares the death of a disappeared person. In this connection, the Committee notes that, under the Law on Non-Contentious Pro...
CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: a6317c87-7edc-4511-ba45-f699e5c873ee
c464117b-2961-4459-8043-652a667bde20
CED/C/MNE/OAI/1
CED
2025-10-09
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Montenegro" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Land & property rights" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
Legal situation of disappeared persons whose fate has not been clarified and that of their relatives 33. The Committee reiterates its recommendation that the State Party ensure that the legal situation of disappeared persons and that of their relatives in areas such as social welfare, financial matters, family law and ...
33. The Committee reiterates its recommendation that the State Party ensure that the legal situation of disappeared persons and that of their relatives in areas such as social welfare, financial matters, family law and property rights are addressed appropriately without the need to declare the disappeared person dead. ...
CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: c464117b-2961-4459-8043-652a667bde20
b35ab89e-ffcd-4d43-983f-dd80f9a55ad1
CED/C/MNE/OAI/1
CED
2025-10-09
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Montenegro" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "General framework of implementation" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 34. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming Parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of thei...
34. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming Parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of their nature or the authority from which they emanate, are in full accordance with the Convention...
CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: b35ab89e-ffcd-4d43-983f-dd80f9a55ad1
1a2a2543-1a4a-494f-b322-be8fa687a115
CED/C/MNE/OAI/1
CED
2025-10-09
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Montenegro" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)", "Children", "Vulnerable persons/groups", "Women & girls" ]
[ "Violence against women", "Support to victims & witnesses", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Enforced disappearances", "Sexual & gender-based violence" ]
[ "16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence", "5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women" ]
D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 35. The Committee also wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women and girls who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and oth...
35. The Committee also wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women and girls who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and other forms of gender-based violence. Women who are relatives of a disappeared person, and thus ...
CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: 1a2a2543-1a4a-494f-b322-be8fa687a115
ecb8f22a-dd5a-46e0-be57-9d110d78ff59
CED/C/MNE/OAI/1
CED
2025-10-09
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Montenegro" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Civil society" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 36. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention and the present concluding observations in order to raise awareness among governmental authorities, civil society actors and the general public. The Committ...
36. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention and the present concluding observations in order to raise awareness among governmental authorities, civil society actors and the general public. The Committee also encourages the State Party to promote and facilitate the participation of civil socie...
CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: ecb8f22a-dd5a-46e0-be57-9d110d78ff59
bc21c9d5-249d-45ac-ab35-0e917b681de1
CED/C/MNE/OAI/1
CED
2025-10-09
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Montenegro" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Civil society" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
D.Fulfilment of the rights and obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 37. Under article 29 (4) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit , by no later than 3 October 2028, specific and updated information on the implementation of all the recommendations contained in the ...
37. Under article 29 (4) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit , by no later than 3 October 2028, specific and updated information on the implementation of all the recommendations contained in the present concluding observations and any other new information on the fulfilment of the obliga...
CED | Montenegro | CED/C/MNE/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: be3e97d1-4d25-4818-8c26-0bf4f90334f9 | AnnotationId: bc21c9d5-249d-45ac-ab35-0e917b681de1
fcdfddd8-9651-4b31-aa08-a9e89be414c6
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 5.The Committee notes the information provided by the State Party on the reasons why it considered it appropriate to adopt Act No. 32107, which, as it explain...
5. The Committee notes the information provided by the State Party on the reasons why it considered it appropriate to adopt Act No. 32107, which, as it explained, aims to (art. 1): delineate the application and scope of crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation given the entry into force for Peru o...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: fcdfddd8-9651-4b31-aa08-a9e89be414c6
908998d5-6a68-4735-b12a-26451021ff6e
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 6.During the dialogue, the State Party noted that article 4 of Act No. 32107 establishes that offences committed prior to the entry into force of the Rome Sta...
6. During the dialogue, the State Party noted that article 4 of Act No. 32107 establishes that offences committed prior to the entry into force of the Rome Statute for Peru and of the Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity are subject to the statute of lim...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 908998d5-6a68-4735-b12a-26451021ff6e
1f0b3238-dd96-4e86-a7c2-b414cab6c774
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 7.The Committee notes the statement by the delegation of the State Party according to which, in the event of an alleged violation or infringement of a right i...
7. The Committee notes the statement by the delegation of the State Party according to which, in the event of an alleged violation or infringement of a right in Peru, and by virtue of the principle of the separation of powers, the case should be heard by the national courts, emphasizing that international law is subsid...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 1f0b3238-dd96-4e86-a7c2-b414cab6c774
311db58a-2169-428f-a7d5-cbfa7f917e45
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 8.The Committee notes the position expressed by the delegation, according to which, should a law contravene a provision of the Constitution, the State Party’s...
8. The Committee notes the position expressed by the delegation, according to which, should a law contravene a provision of the Constitution, the State Party’s legal system is capable of responding within the framework of the Constitution and international human rights standards. In this regard, the delegation highligh...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 311db58a-2169-428f-a7d5-cbfa7f917e45
e0c92841-c0ce-433a-8321-568feabaf699
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 9.In this context, the Committee recalls that, under article 26 (1) of the Convention, it is the body entrusted with monitoring compliance with the Convention...
9. In this context, the Committee recalls that, under article 26 (1) of the Convention, it is the body entrusted with monitoring compliance with the Convention. Furthermore, it wishes to emphasize that, under article 26 (9) of the Convention, each State Party shall cooperate with the Committee and assist its members in...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: e0c92841-c0ce-433a-8321-568feabaf699
500cd882-5d4b-44cb-a522-4b8ce79978d1
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 10.In view of the above, the Committee regrets not having received clear information from the State Party on the compatibility of Act No. 32107 with articles ...
10. In view of the above, the Committee regrets not having received clear information from the State Party on the compatibility of Act No. 32107 with articles 5 and 8 of the Convention. In this regard, the Committee recalls that the widespread or systematic practice of enforced disappearance constitutes a crime against...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 500cd882-5d4b-44cb-a522-4b8ce79978d1
9e204e42-a8c3-44af-ac6f-7eb59a9b377a
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 11.The Committee is also concerned that, although two applications for constitutional review have been filed against Act No. 32107, the Act is in force and th...
11. The Committee is also concerned that, although two applications for constitutional review have been filed against Act No. 32107, the Act is in force and therefore can be applied at any time.
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 9e204e42-a8c3-44af-ac6f-7eb59a9b377a
f604a11e-50ab-418b-a7dc-f92ecd29d7ce
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 12.On 13 June 2024, the Board of Senior Government Procurators of the Public Prosecution Service issued a statement warning that, among the legal consequences...
12. On 13 June 2024, the Board of Senior Government Procurators of the Public Prosecution Service issued a statement warning that, among the legal consequences of the application of Act No. 32107, a significant number of investigations and judicial proceedings will have to be closed or concluded because the statute of ...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: f604a11e-50ab-418b-a7dc-f92ecd29d7ce
5689c1cd-5140-49dd-977d-2835e3ff3376
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Judges, lawyers and prosecutors" ]
[ "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 13.The Committee notes that, although the delegation stated that no judges have applied Act No. 32107 thus far, it is concerned that decisions to exercise sha...
13. The Committee notes that, although the delegation stated that no judges have applied Act No. 32107 thus far, it is concerned that decisions to exercise shared oversight of constitutionality and refrain from applying this law may expose judges to reprisals. As expressed to the State Party during the dialogue, the Co...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 5689c1cd-5140-49dd-977d-2835e3ff3376
b0ea8474-43a0-46ea-9463-e95eadaf146a
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Judges, lawyers and prosecutors" ]
[ "Legal & institutional reform", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 14.The Committee was also informed of the submission of Bill No. 09171/2024-CR amending article 14 of the Organic Act on the Judiciary, on shared oversight of...
14. The Committee was also informed of the submission of Bill No. 09171/2024-CR amending article 14 of the Organic Act on the Judiciary, on shared oversight of constitutionality, to establish that when, in any proceedings, a judge or court of any kind is of the view that a law adopted by Congress is incompatible with a...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: b0ea8474-43a0-46ea-9463-e95eadaf146a
3a827258-4f29-4851-bf35-1da9eb7f1e36
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 15.The Committee notes with concern that the application of Act No. 32107 could result in judicial decisions declaring the expiry of the term of limitations, ...
15. The Committee notes with concern that the application of Act No. 32107 could result in judicial decisions declaring the expiry of the term of limitations, even in cases in which the fate and whereabouts of the disappeared person have not yet been clarified and therefore the enforced disappearance has not ceased, in...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 3a827258-4f29-4851-bf35-1da9eb7f1e36
5662aa8d-9e96-4370-a0dd-4a2f3a2c6353
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Judges, lawyers and prosecutors" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 16.In this regard, the Committee is concerned about reports of a possible change in the Constitutional Court’s interpretation of the continuous nature of enfo...
16. In this regard, the Committee is concerned about reports of a possible change in the Constitutional Court’s interpretation of the continuous nature of enforced disappearance contained in judgment No. 300/2024 of 7 November 2024, in which it recognized that the offence should be considered continuous in relation to ...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 5662aa8d-9e96-4370-a0dd-4a2f3a2c6353
efbdec11-9bdd-4c1a-b2fc-83713e0fb84c
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 17. In the light of the foregoing, the Committee urges the State Party to ensure that all proceedings initiated to determine the conformity of Act No. 32107 a...
17. In the light of the foregoing, the Committee urges the State Party to ensure that all proceedings initiated to determine the conformity of Act No. 32107 and any other related provision with the Convention and international human rights and humanitarian law take fully into account the Committee ’ s previous and pres...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: efbdec11-9bdd-4c1a-b2fc-83713e0fb84c
6279d339-6e30-4e63-b2da-6a57d2cc72da
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Administration of justice & fair trial", "Reservations", "Access to justice & remedy", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)", "Ratification of & accession to international...
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 18. With regard to the provisions of Act No. 32107 on the applicability in Peru of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and the Convention on ...
18. With regard to the provisions of Act No. 32107 on the applicability in Peru of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court and the Convention on the Non ‐ Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity, and in line with the statements by the Special Rapporteur on the promo...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 6279d339-6e30-4e63-b2da-6a57d2cc72da
a25b08af-7302-46fb-b0d4-b4b7cf519a36
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 19. In this context, the Committee urges the State Party to ensure at national level, in law and in practice, that the widespread or systematic practice of en...
19. In this context, the Committee urges the State Party to ensure at national level, in law and in practice, that the widespread or systematic practice of enforced disappearance is considered a crime against humanity in accordance with applicable international law and is punished accordingly, and to guarantee the inap...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: a25b08af-7302-46fb-b0d4-b4b7cf519a36
acb8107b-1ce6-4872-9ae0-1f6973fdfbfa
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 20. The Committee also urges the State Party to ensure that national legislation takes due account of the continuous nature of enforced disappearances and tha...
20. The Committee also urges the State Party to ensure that national legislation takes due account of the continuous nature of enforced disappearances and that efforts to search for disappeared persons and investigate their enforced disappearance continue until their fate and whereabouts have been clarified, in keeping...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: acb8107b-1ce6-4872-9ae0-1f6973fdfbfa
81463c80-372c-4c0b-9be2-c205bfaf93e1
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Judges, lawyers and prosecutors" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
1.Reasons for the adoption of Act No. 32107 delineating the application and scope of provisions on crimes against humanity and war crimes in Peruvian legislation 21. With regard to Bill No. 09171/2024-CR and potential reprisals against judges who, in exercise of shared oversight of constitutionality, decide not to appl...
21. With regard to Bill No. 09171/2024-CR and potential reprisals against judges who, in exercise of shared oversight of constitutionality, decide not to apply Act No. 32107, the Committee recalls that States Parties must take the measures necessary to prevent and punish acts that hinder the conduct of investigations a...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 81463c80-372c-4c0b-9be2-c205bfaf93e1
d8a1bc93-cd0a-45ac-a9d7-0059bdb44f74
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Transitional justice" ]
[]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 22.The Committee regrets not having received a clear response from the State Party on the compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the Convention. The ...
22. The Committee regrets not having received a clear response from the State Party on the compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the Convention. The Committee notes that, should Act No. 32107 be applied, and thereby the statute of limitations for crimes against humanity committed before 1 July 2002, it would violate, at ...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: d8a1bc93-cd0a-45ac-a9d7-0059bdb44f74
74595fd0-420b-4bd0-8f83-628f4b22635b
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 23.Concerning the compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the Committee’s recommendations transmitted to the State Party in 2019, the Committee notes ...
23. Concerning the compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the Committee’s recommendations transmitted to the State Party in 2019, the Committee notes the information provided by the delegation of the State Party, according to which the provisions of Act No. 32107 do not refer to pardons and would not, therefore, contraven...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 74595fd0-420b-4bd0-8f83-628f4b22635b
3466d66f-61a5-492c-84e5-df564ec78f9f
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 24.The Committee also notes that, according to the delegation, Act No. 32107 has no impact on the investigation process. In this regard, the deleg...
24. The Committee also notes that, according to the delegation, Act No. 32107 has no impact on the investigation process. In this regard, the delegation pointed out that, under Act No. 30470 on the search for persons who disappeared during the violence of 1980–2000, the task of conducting searches, including forensic i...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 3466d66f-61a5-492c-84e5-df564ec78f9f
85603fac-d261-49bc-8611-cb3acc3fc01e
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 25.The Committee welcomes the fact that the Directorate General for the Search for Disappeared Persons of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights...
25. The Committee welcomes the fact that the Directorate General for the Search for Disappeared Persons of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights conducts search and investigation operations using a humanitarian approach. However, the Committee recalls that conducting humanitarian investigations does not absolve the ...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 85603fac-d261-49bc-8611-cb3acc3fc01e
57f2a636-fe98-4f8c-b4b9-83cda29398c1
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Administration of justice & fair trial", "Access to justice & remedy" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 26.In this context, the Committee recalls the importance of the position expressed by the State Party in its follow-up report to the Committee’s 2...
26. In this context, the Committee recalls the importance of the position expressed by the State Party in its follow-up report to the Committee’s 2019 concluding observations, according to which, when a trial is carried out to completion and achieves what it was meant to, it gives a very clear sign that human rights vi...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 57f2a636-fe98-4f8c-b4b9-83cda29398c1
f8864400-f1b8-44db-828d-91d8d4c0b36f
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that its legislative and institutional framework is fully aligned with the Convention and...
27. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that its legislative and institutional framework is fully aligned with the Convention and that the State Party: (a) Recognize that the widespread or systematic practice of enforced disappearance constitutes a crime against humanity and shall attract the consequen...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: f8864400-f1b8-44db-828d-91d8d4c0b36f
20f68198-3011-4cfa-b709-5a65dc62cd22
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 28. The Committee requests the State party to ensure that all enforced disappearances, without exception, are thoroughly and impartially investiga...
28. The Committee requests the State party to ensure that all enforced disappearances, without exception, are thoroughly and impartially investigated, regardless of the time that has elapsed since they began, to prosecute the alleged perpetrators and, if found guilty, to punish them with appropriate penalties commensur...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 20f68198-3011-4cfa-b709-5a65dc62cd22
0cfe7ae8-ea97-441c-bb2c-ff66a6863afd
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
2.Compatibility of Act No. 32107 with the rights and obligations under the Convention and with the Committee’s concluding observations transmitted to the State Party in 2019 29. The Committee recalls that, in keeping with principle 13 of the Guiding Principles for the Search for Disappeared Persons, the search for a di...
29. The Committee recalls that, in keeping with principle 13 of the Guiding Principles for the Search for Disappeared Persons, the search for a disappeared person and the criminal investigation into those responsible for the disappearance should be mutually reinforcing.
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 0cfe7ae8-ea97-441c-bb2c-ff66a6863afd
6d2c293f-d635-4bf3-94f5-91e7d63fb37d
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
3.Measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 does not violate the right to justice, truth and reparation 30.The Committee appreciates the commitment by the State Party to ensuring that the relatives of disappeared persons enjoy the right to truth, justice and reparation. In this regard, it notes ...
30. The Committee appreciates the commitment by the State Party to ensuring that the relatives of disappeared persons enjoy the right to truth, justice and reparation. In this regard, it notes the information provided by the delegation on the implementation of Act No. 30470 on the search for persons who disappeared dur...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 6d2c293f-d635-4bf3-94f5-91e7d63fb37d
b687ccb1-034d-44d7-9ab6-cd83e29b8d0a
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
3.Measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 does not violate the right to justice, truth and reparation 31.However, the Committee regrets that the information provided by the State Party did not clarify the measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 is fully compatible wit...
31. However, the Committee regrets that the information provided by the State Party did not clarify the measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 is fully compatible with the right to justice, truth and reparation, especially with regard to criminal investigations into enforced disappearances. I...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: b687ccb1-034d-44d7-9ab6-cd83e29b8d0a
eb178d3e-72d4-4603-a641-11c50248301b
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
3.Measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 does not violate the right to justice, truth and reparation 32.With regard to reparations, the Committee takes note of the information provided by the delegation on the distinction between the two types of reparations in relation to the period between ...
32. With regard to reparations, the Committee takes note of the information provided by the delegation on the distinction between the two types of reparations in relation to the period between 1980 and 2000, which include an administrative reparations programme and court-ordered reparations. It welcomes the fact that, ...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: eb178d3e-72d4-4603-a641-11c50248301b
1e20b838-6304-4494-9bbb-755d77f94684
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Administration of justice & fair trial", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
3.Measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 does not violate the right to justice, truth and reparation 33.However, the Committee is concerned about the negative impact that the application of Act No. 32107 will have on victims’ future access to court-ordered reparations. The Committee is also c...
33. However, the Committee is concerned about the negative impact that the application of Act No. 32107 will have on victims’ future access to court-ordered reparations. The Committee is also concerned about reports indicating that victims of enforced disappearance have still not received payment of civil reparations o...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 1e20b838-6304-4494-9bbb-755d77f94684
e9dde097-876e-4561-9917-22194406fb4d
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Judges, lawyers and prosecutors" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Administration of justice & fair trial", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
3.Measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 does not violate the right to justice, truth and reparation 34. In view of the above, the Committee requests the State party to guarantee the right of all victims of enforced disappearance to justice, the truth and reparation. In this regard, the Commi...
34. In view of the above, the Committee requests the State party to guarantee the right of all victims of enforced disappearance to justice, the truth and reparation. In this regard, the Committee recalls that, in accordance with the updated set of principles for the protection and promotion of human rights through act...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: e9dde097-876e-4561-9917-22194406fb4d
31a6e17e-7d49-41dd-92ad-3790723c6bba
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[ "Access to justice & remedy", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
3.Measures taken to ensure that the implementation of Act No. 32107 does not violate the right to justice, truth and reparation 35. The Committee urges the State Party to ensure that the right to reparation goes beyond compensation and includes restitution, rehabilitation, satisfaction, including restoration of dignity...
35. The Committee urges the State Party to ensure that the right to reparation goes beyond compensation and includes restitution, rehabilitation, satisfaction, including restoration of dignity and reputation, as well as guarantees of non-repetition, in accordance with article 24 (5) of the Convention.
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 31a6e17e-7d49-41dd-92ad-3790723c6bba
88c05353-83fe-4a9b-b766-2a1c6022c468
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 36.The Committee notes that, according to the State Party, the application of Act No. 32107 does not ...
36. The Committee notes that, according to the State Party, the application of Act No. 32107 does not represent an obstacle to the application of Act No. 30470 on the search for persons who disappeared during the violence of 1980–2000, nor to the implementation of the 2030 Search for Disappeared Persons Plan. In this r...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 88c05353-83fe-4a9b-b766-2a1c6022c468
8ca5e0ca-fc02-41d2-9f50-5103c51be328
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Law enforcement / police & prison officials", "Children", "Military personnel" ]
[ "Legal & institutional reform", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Human rights & counter-terrorism", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)" ]
[ "11.1 - Safe and affordable housing" ]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 37.The Committee emphasizes its concern about the various allegations that, in the context of the ado...
37. The Committee emphasizes its concern about the various allegations that, in the context of the adoption of Bill No. 6951/2023-CR and the entry into force of Act No. 32107, the State Party has adopted measures that appear to undermine the effective implementation of the legislative and institutional framework govern...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 8ca5e0ca-fc02-41d2-9f50-5103c51be328
23d986f0-6694-4093-a229-666a321b500e
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Legal & institutional reform", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)" ]
[]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 38.With regard to the latter point, namely, the proposed amendment to the directive on the search for...
38. With regard to the latter point, namely, the proposed amendment to the directive on the search for persons who disappeared during the period of violence of 1980–2000, the Committee shares the concerns expressed by the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances about the following aspects: (a) the intro...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 23d986f0-6694-4093-a229-666a321b500e
6debdac4-94e3-4f4a-8d47-968f2aabffb0
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 39. In the light of the foregoing, the Committee urges the State Party to ensure that any measures wi...
39. In the light of the foregoing, the Committee urges the State Party to ensure that any measures with an impact on the legislative and institutional framework on enforced disappearances are aimed at strengthening the search for disappeared persons, the investigation of their alleged disappearance and the prosecution ...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 6debdac4-94e3-4f4a-8d47-968f2aabffb0
99b5402b-402a-4039-a505-cc2ca94d5dff
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Legal & institutional reform", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 40. With regard to the draft amendment to the directive on the search for persons who disappeared dur...
40. With regard to the draft amendment to the directive on the search for persons who disappeared during the period of violence of 1980–2000 and the introduction of deadlines in the current version of the draft, the Committee is concerned about the negative consequences that the joint application of Act No. 32107 and t...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 99b5402b-402a-4039-a505-cc2ca94d5dff
47992779-3306-44a2-8f04-775051286f91
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 41. The Committee urges the State Party to implement the recommendations transmitted by the Working G...
41. The Committee urges the State Party to implement the recommendations transmitted by the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances regarding the draft directive on the search for persons who disappeared during the period of violence of 1980–2000 with a view to ensuring that the draft complies with inte...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 47992779-3306-44a2-8f04-775051286f91
897db617-690d-45b3-993e-9ec20c66e90f
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)" ]
[]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 42. The Committee also urges the State Party to ensure that the authorities competent to investigate ...
42. The Committee also urges the State Party to ensure that the authorities competent to investigate enforced disappearances have sufficient personnel and financial and technical resources to conduct their activities effectively and efficiently.
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 897db617-690d-45b3-993e-9ec20c66e90f
453a1591-a990-4780-bbab-149882d48d87
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
4.Measures to ensure that the law does not hinder the full implementation of the legislative and institutional framework governing the search for disappeared persons and investigation of cases of enforced disappearance 43. With regard to Bill No. 7549/2023-CR on possible amnesty for State officials, the Committee recal...
43. With regard to Bill No. 7549/2023-CR on possible amnesty for State officials, the Committee recalls the importance of ensuring that domestic laws do not contain provisions that would exempt those responsible for enforced disappearances from any appropriate prosecution or criminal penalty.
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 453a1591-a990-4780-bbab-149882d48d87
9425de5f-0d35-41a3-967f-ca72a151b937
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[]
[]
[]
C.Dissemination and follow-up 44. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of their nature or the authority from which they emanate, are in full ...
44. The Committee wishes to recall the obligations undertaken by States when becoming parties to the Convention and, in this connection, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it adopts, irrespective of their nature or the authority from which they emanate, are in full accordance with the Convention...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 9425de5f-0d35-41a3-967f-ca72a151b937
108461fc-f2f1-4be4-9284-c026a60a575a
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Civil society", "Public officials" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
C.Dissemination and follow-up 45. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention and the present concluding observations in order to raise awareness among the judicial, legislative and administrative authorities, civil society and non-governmental organizations operating in the State Party and the g...
45. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention and the present concluding observations in order to raise awareness among the judicial, legislative and administrative authorities, civil society and non-governmental organizations operating in the State Party and the general public. The Committee a...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: 108461fc-f2f1-4be4-9284-c026a60a575a
b745aaf1-eb37-470f-a00a-d3b69daf4795
CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-14
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Peru" ]
[ "Latin America and the Caribbean" ]
[ "Civil society" ]
[ "National Mechanisms for Implementation, Reporting and Follow-up (NMIRF)", "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies" ]
[ "16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making", "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS" ]
C.Dissemination and follow-up 46. Under article 29 (4) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit information on its implementation of the recommendations made in the present concluding observations, together with the additional information requested in the previous concluding observations. The...
46. Under article 29 (4) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit information on its implementation of the recommendations made in the present concluding observations, together with the additional information requested in the previous concluding observations. The Committee has decided to gran...
CED | Peru | CED/C/PER/SA/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 43f59096-b7d0-4cce-ae40-f51283afb422 | AnnotationId: b745aaf1-eb37-470f-a00a-d3b69daf4795
05f2bd6e-819a-4e4d-9da2-0a6614752451
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[]
B.Positive aspects 3.The Committee acknowledges the measures taken by the State Party following the issuance of the Committee’s previous concluding observations, including: (a)The inclusion of enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity in article 371 of the Criminal Code; (b)The strengthening of the capacity of...
3. The Committee acknowledges the measures taken by the State Party following the issuance of the Committee’s previous concluding observations, including: (a) The inclusion of enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity in article 371 of the Criminal Code; (b) The strengthening of the capacity of the Office of t...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 05f2bd6e-819a-4e4d-9da2-0a6614752451
b28d3a45-b99b-4413-b51f-f6e44c5141ef
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Criminalization of enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence 5.The Committee takes note of the State Party’s position that its Criminal Code, specifically article 371, on crimes against humanity, article 132, on unlawful deprivation of liberty, and article 134, on abduction, are sufficient to prosecute and sancti...
5. The Committee takes note of the State Party’s position that its Criminal Code, specifically article 371, on crimes against humanity, article 132, on unlawful deprivation of liberty, and article 134, on abduction, are sufficient to prosecute and sanction cases of enforced disappearance. However, the Committee is conc...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: b28d3a45-b99b-4413-b51f-f6e44c5141ef
0e0b59a8-0f4b-4664-8b01-8f9ff6e4ac09
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Criminalization of enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence 6. The Committee reiterates its recommendation that the State Party review its legislation to incorporate enforced disappearance into national law as an autonomous offence in line with the definition contained in article 2 of the Convention.
6. The Committee reiterates its recommendation that the State Party review its legislation to incorporate enforced disappearance into national law as an autonomous offence in line with the definition contained in article 2 of the Convention.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 0e0b59a8-0f4b-4664-8b01-8f9ff6e4ac09
9072cf92-c9bc-4a0e-b377-d436ed9343b9
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Appropriate penalties 7.The Committee observes that in the absence of an autonomous crime of enforced disappearance, the offences set out in articles 132 and 134 of the Criminal Code do not entail punishments that are commensurate to the seriousness of the crime of enforced disappearance in compliance with article 7 (1...
7. The Committee observes that in the absence of an autonomous crime of enforced disappearance, the offences set out in articles 132 and 134 of the Criminal Code do not entail punishments that are commensurate to the seriousness of the crime of enforced disappearance in compliance with article 7 (1) of the Convention (...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 9072cf92-c9bc-4a0e-b377-d436ed9343b9
1e949266-15d2-4854-9967-eaaac748c306
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Appropriate penalties 8. The Committee recommends that the State Party (a) Adopt the legislative measures necessary to include in its criminal law appropriate penalties for the offence of enforced disappearance that take into account both its extreme seriousness and the specific mitigating and aggravating circumstances...
8. The Committee recommends that the State Party (a) Adopt the legislative measures necessary to include in its criminal law appropriate penalties for the offence of enforced disappearance that take into account both its extreme seriousness and the specific mitigating and aggravating circumstances set out in article 7 ...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 1e949266-15d2-4854-9967-eaaac748c306
bbb23b50-82de-4aeb-a611-d384160f5b10
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Appropriate penalties 9.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party that enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity is not subject to a statute of limitations. However, the Committee remains concerned that enforced disappearances that do not amount to a crime against humanity and are...
9. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party that enforced disappearance as a crime against humanity is not subject to a statute of limitations. However, the Committee remains concerned that enforced disappearances that do not amount to a crime against humanity and are prosecuted under art...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: bbb23b50-82de-4aeb-a611-d384160f5b10
f03ac4ec-bdf8-474d-bd0c-82b8d8eff7f7
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
Appropriate penalties 10. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure, in accordance with article 8 of the Convention, that the statute of limitations applicable to an autonomous offence of enforced disappearance is of long duration and proportionate to the extreme seriousness of the crime and that, given the ...
10. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure, in accordance with article 8 of the Convention, that the statute of limitations applicable to an autonomous offence of enforced disappearance is of long duration and proportionate to the extreme seriousness of the crime and that, given the continuous nature of t...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: f03ac4ec-bdf8-474d-bd0c-82b8d8eff7f7
edb6b584-70d9-41d5-9f5a-2b639b708008
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Persons with disabilities" ]
[ "Access to justice & remedy", "Transitional justice", "Persons with disabilities: independence, inclusion" ]
[ "5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women" ]
Definition of victims 11.The Committee shares the concern of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence about the lack of inclusiveness of the Law on the rights of veterans, disabled veterans, civilian disabled war victims and their family members, namely that...
11. The Committee shares the concern of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence about the lack of inclusiveness of the Law on the rights of veterans, disabled veterans, civilian disabled war victims and their family members, namely that it serves “only citi...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: edb6b584-70d9-41d5-9f5a-2b639b708008
9f9021d4-8909-4f69-b7b2-5ff3b0903789
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Persons with disabilities" ]
[ "Equality & non-discrimination", "Support to victims & witnesses", "Access to justice & remedy" ]
[]
Definition of victims 12. The Committee recommends that the State Party review the Law on the rights of veterans, disabled veterans, civilian disabled war victims and their family members, recognize the status of all wartime victims and provide all of those victims, without discrimination, with full and effective repar...
12. The Committee recommends that the State Party review the Law on the rights of veterans, disabled veterans, civilian disabled war victims and their family members, recognize the status of all wartime victims and provide all of those victims, without discrimination, with full and effective reparation, compensation, r...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 9f9021d4-8909-4f69-b7b2-5ff3b0903789
296d5716-4676-4132-8569-c44d29de35c3
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[]
[]
Definition of victims 13.The Committee is concerned that in the draft law on the rights of missing persons and members of their families, the definition of victims is limited to those who went missing at the hands of enemy forces (art. 24).
13. The Committee is concerned that in the draft law on the rights of missing persons and members of their families, the definition of victims is limited to those who went missing at the hands of enemy forces (art. 24).
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 296d5716-4676-4132-8569-c44d29de35c3
30bedf72-f341-439a-b447-d1651c58fae5
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Definition of victims 14. The Committee urges the State Party to ensure that the definition of victims in its national legislation fully complies with article 24 (1) of the Convention and includes all individuals who have suffered harm as a direct result of enforced disappearance.
14. The Committee urges the State Party to ensure that the definition of victims in its national legislation fully complies with article 24 (1) of the Convention and includes all individuals who have suffered harm as a direct result of enforced disappearance.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 30bedf72-f341-439a-b447-d1651c58fae5
0190916e-b8ad-4cbe-b3b1-2831f64b0fae
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[]
Protection of witnesses 15.The Committee notes the information provided by the State Party about the assistance and protection programmes that are available for witnesses and victims of enforced disappearances, and about the processes that are in place to investigate allegations of threats or intimidation that they may...
15. The Committee notes the information provided by the State Party about the assistance and protection programmes that are available for witnesses and victims of enforced disappearances, and about the processes that are in place to investigate allegations of threats or intimidation that they may suffer. However, the C...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 0190916e-b8ad-4cbe-b3b1-2831f64b0fae
0ee2f25e-d778-4f67-a83d-abf881ca2e00
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Access to justice & remedy", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Protection of witnesses 16. The Committee supports the recommendation of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence that the State Party provide effective and comprehensive witness protection services to wartime victims and witnesses and ensure that all cases ...
16. The Committee supports the recommendation of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees of non-recurrence that the State Party provide effective and comprehensive witness protection services to wartime victims and witnesses and ensure that all cases concerning threats or ac...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 0ee2f25e-d778-4f67-a83d-abf881ca2e00
04d0fff6-4e1e-4ed7-97ce-178780a7419d
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Legal & institutional reform", "National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
Absence of a comprehensive national framework on enforced disappearance 17.The Committee takes note of the information that the State Party provided regarding the various legal instruments, policies and strategies on, and institutions that have the competence to address, enforced disappearance. However, the Committee i...
17. The Committee takes note of the information that the State Party provided regarding the various legal instruments, policies and strategies on, and institutions that have the competence to address, enforced disappearance. However, the Committee is concerned that those institutions and measures do not provide a compr...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 04d0fff6-4e1e-4ed7-97ce-178780a7419d
4ccc69ff-660d-446a-af6b-db30729e2845
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Civil society" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[]
Absence of a comprehensive national framework on enforced disappearance 18. The Committee recommends that State Party adopt the draft law on the rights of missing persons and members of their families and ensure that the adopted version adequately addresses the existing gaps of the current legislation on enforced disap...
18. The Committee recommends that State Party adopt the draft law on the rights of missing persons and members of their families and ensure that the adopted version adequately addresses the existing gaps of the current legislation on enforced disappearance, particularly with regard to search and identification, the sta...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 4ccc69ff-660d-446a-af6b-db30729e2845
05faded7-4bcd-4997-9fae-fed9c5ab91fb
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 19.The Committee takes note of the information received with regard to the 2016–2020 and 2021–2026 national strategies for the prosecution of war crimes and the action plan for the implementation of the 2021–2026 strategy. However, the Committee is concerned by: lengthy processing times; r...
19. The Committee takes note of the information received with regard to the 2016–2020 and 2021–2026 national strategies for the prosecution of war crimes and the action plan for the implementation of the 2021–2026 strategy. However, the Committee is concerned by: lengthy processing times; reports of a backlog of over 1...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 05faded7-4bcd-4997-9fae-fed9c5ab91fb
3f0e6f04-da6a-4ec2-9086-39f2e1f70e29
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Rule of law & impunity" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 20. The Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts to ensure timely processing of investigations, reduce the backlog and ensure prosecution of all alleged perpetrators.
20. The Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts to ensure timely processing of investigations, reduce the backlog and ensure prosecution of all alleged perpetrators.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 3f0e6f04-da6a-4ec2-9086-39f2e1f70e29
e8fa072c-b914-4cf0-8696-cf91b59d00ae
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 21.The Committee takes note of the figures provided by the State Party, following the dialogue, regarding the prosecution and conviction of cases. The Committee is concerned that given the absence of enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence, accurate data on prosecutions and convict...
21. The Committee takes note of the figures provided by the State Party, following the dialogue, regarding the prosecution and conviction of cases. The Committee is concerned that given the absence of enforced disappearance as an autonomous offence, accurate data on prosecutions and convictions regarding enforced disap...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: e8fa072c-b914-4cf0-8696-cf91b59d00ae
e2ea77e3-7c58-48aa-b515-9c230c6c9cab
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Data collection & research" ]
[ "17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 22. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that existing registers include disaggregated data that enable the identification of cases of enforced disappearance as defined under article 2 of the Convention, and ensure differentiation between such cases, acts covered by article...
22. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that existing registers include disaggregated data that enable the identification of cases of enforced disappearance as defined under article 2 of the Convention, and ensure differentiation between such cases, acts covered by article 3 and other disappearances th...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: e2ea77e3-7c58-48aa-b515-9c230c6c9cab
f043f937-e7e1-493e-a7ec-c6ef4268caeb
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 23.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding the transfer of war-crime cases from Bosnia and Herzegovina and notes that such transfer contributes to limiting impunity and reducing the number of outstanding prosecutions in the region (arts. 6, 11 and ...
23. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding the transfer of war-crime cases from Bosnia and Herzegovina and notes that such transfer contributes to limiting impunity and reducing the number of outstanding prosecutions in the region (arts. 6, 11 and 14).
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: f043f937-e7e1-493e-a7ec-c6ef4268caeb
9f120c30-12cb-401d-956d-a58c86824469
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 24. The Committee recommends that the State Party maintain its cooperation with regard to sharing information and evidence, and ensuring access to witnesses, in war ‑ crime cases.
24. The Committee recommends that the State Party maintain its cooperation with regard to sharing information and evidence, and ensuring access to witnesses, in war ‐ crime cases.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 9f120c30-12cb-401d-956d-a58c86824469
a27eb756-1910-407f-b486-13cc99950515
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Access to justice & remedy", "Enforced disappearances", "Transitional justice" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 25.The Committee takes note of the statements made by the State Party regarding the consistency of the application of existing laws to all cases of enforced disappearance. However, the Committee shares the concerns raised in 2023 by the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice...
25. The Committee takes note of the statements made by the State Party regarding the consistency of the application of existing laws to all cases of enforced disappearance. However, the Committee shares the concerns raised in 2023 by the Special Rapporteur on the promotion of truth, justice, reparation and guarantees o...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: a27eb756-1910-407f-b486-13cc99950515
93100eb8-a3ec-48e9-85ff-d2e65e40c768
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Prosecution and investigation 26. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the prosecution of all those involved in enforced disappearance regardless of the ethnicity of victims and of the rank and ethnicity of the officials involved.
26. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the prosecution of all those involved in enforced disappearance regardless of the ethnicity of victims and of the rank and ethnicity of the officials involved.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 93100eb8-a3ec-48e9-85ff-d2e65e40c768
80244e74-7f5c-43fa-98e9-600229dd7b5d
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Judges, lawyers and prosecutors" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
Disappearances from maternity hospitals and illegal intercountry adoptions 27.The Committee notes the information provided by the State Party regarding the adoption of the Law on missing babies in 2020. It also notes that following the enactment of the law and the establishment of a commission to investigate and to pro...
27. The Committee notes the information provided by the State Party regarding the adoption of the Law on missing babies in 2020. It also notes that following the enactment of the law and the establishment of a commission to investigate and to provide reparations, several cases have been resolved. However, it regrets th...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 80244e74-7f5c-43fa-98e9-600229dd7b5d
b22dd627-deee-434a-b7f3-1090599edbb8
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
Disappearances from maternity hospitals and illegal intercountry adoptions 28. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the investigation of all cases related to disappearances from maternity hospitals that occurred across Serbia and/or illegal intercountry adoptions, ensure the search for and identificatio...
28. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the investigation of all cases related to disappearances from maternity hospitals that occurred across Serbia and/or illegal intercountry adoptions, ensure the search for and identification of persons who may have been victims of those disappearances and/or adopt...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: b22dd627-deee-434a-b7f3-1090599edbb8
b011800c-5bac-4eac-9867-b3679ad433d8
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[]
International cooperation 29.The Committee notes the signing in 2015 of the Agreement for the Promotion of Regional Cooperation in the Processing of War Crimes and the Search for Missing Persons and for the Establishment of Coordination Mechanisms between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia, as well as the infor...
29. The Committee notes the signing in 2015 of the Agreement for the Promotion of Regional Cooperation in the Processing of War Crimes and the Search for Missing Persons and for the Establishment of Coordination Mechanisms between Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and Serbia, as well as the information provided by the St...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: b011800c-5bac-4eac-9867-b3679ad433d8
33bc7b3b-9c2e-4b6a-b698-4e40badf99f3
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
International cooperation 30. The Committee recommends that the State Party continue to exert the utmost efforts to overcome the challenges faced at the bilateral and multilateral levels to ensure that all cases of enforced disappearance are addressed without delay, in full compliance with the Convention.
30. The Committee recommends that the State Party continue to exert the utmost efforts to overcome the challenges faced at the bilateral and multilateral levels to ensure that all cases of enforced disappearance are addressed without delay, in full compliance with the Convention.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 33bc7b3b-9c2e-4b6a-b698-4e40badf99f3
74b251a6-31cf-447c-9856-5e4ae50397a9
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance" ]
[]
International cooperation 31.The Committee is concerned that the State Party continues to refuse to extradite Serbian citizens when so requested by the judicial authorities of Kosovo (arts. 13 and 14).
31. The Committee is concerned that the State Party continues to refuse to extradite Serbian citizens when so requested by the judicial authorities of Kosovo (arts. 13 and 14).
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 74b251a6-31cf-447c-9856-5e4ae50397a9
b5a7cf42-eb09-4a5b-9e89-22fd24ce932c
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance", "Rule of law & impunity", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
International cooperation 32. The Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures, including agreements on the transfer of cases, necessary to enhance cooperation with judicial authorities in Kosovo and to facilitate the prosecution of all persons accused of perpetrating enforced disappearance.
32. The Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures, including agreements on the transfer of cases, necessary to enhance cooperation with judicial authorities in Kosovo and to facilitate the prosecution of all persons accused of perpetrating enforced disappearance.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: b5a7cf42-eb09-4a5b-9e89-22fd24ce932c
81185b6f-92a4-4337-a955-9ffc0e69cb22
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
International cooperation 33.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding responses to requests submitted by actors working on transitional justice in the region for the provision of archival records. However, the Committee is concerned that the relevant files and archives remain cl...
33. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding responses to requests submitted by actors working on transitional justice in the region for the provision of archival records. However, the Committee is concerned that the relevant files and archives remain classified and that access ...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 81185b6f-92a4-4337-a955-9ffc0e69cb22
c4eb3e8a-2803-4d76-88fd-1b8703476a1b
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Civil society", "Military personnel" ]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
International cooperation 34. The Committee recommends that the State Party facilitate public access to all relevant archives, including those of the Ministry of the Interior and the Serbian Armed Forces, in order to facilitate the resolution of cases under investigation and to foster an enabling environment for civil ...
34. The Committee recommends that the State Party facilitate public access to all relevant archives, including those of the Ministry of the Interior and the Serbian Armed Forces, in order to facilitate the resolution of cases under investigation and to foster an enabling environment for civil society organizations work...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: c4eb3e8a-2803-4d76-88fd-1b8703476a1b
0f32578b-ba04-40f4-990e-cd5c16119c2e
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
International cooperation 35.The Committee is concerned about the cancellation of the inaugural meeting of the Joint Commission for Missing Persons of Belgrade and Pristina, which was scheduled to be held on 15 January 2025. The lack of implementation of the Declaration on Missing Persons signed between Serbia and Koso...
35. The Committee is concerned about the cancellation of the inaugural meeting of the Joint Commission for Missing Persons of Belgrade and Pristina, which was scheduled to be held on 15 January 2025. The lack of implementation of the Declaration on Missing Persons signed between Serbia and Kosovo in 2023 constitutes an...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 0f32578b-ba04-40f4-990e-cd5c16119c2e
7af82ce3-5f8a-4499-966e-b44f7e0ff4da
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[ "Inter-State cooperation and assistance" ]
[]
International cooperation 36. The Committee recommends that the State Party resume talks with Kosovo to overcome the difficulties that are preventing progress in the implementation of the Declaration on Missing Persons.
36. The Committee recommends that the State Party resume talks with Kosovo to overcome the difficulties that are preventing progress in the implementation of the Declaration on Missing Persons.
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 7af82ce3-5f8a-4499-966e-b44f7e0ff4da
de6cf18f-c586-4df6-9ab7-22f9a2fda2f7
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances", "Data collection & research" ]
[ "17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data" ]
3.Search and identification 37.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party on the exhumation of mass graves, the identification of human remains and the actions taken to ascertain the fate of those who have been forcibly disappeared in the 1990s, as well as on the efforts made to establish r...
37. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party on the exhumation of mass graves, the identification of human remains and the actions taken to ascertain the fate of those who have been forcibly disappeared in the 1990s, as well as on the efforts made to establish regional cooperation mechani...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: de6cf18f-c586-4df6-9ab7-22f9a2fda2f7
adef311f-9531-4bd8-b908-2d6aa5db5410
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups", "Persons affected by armed conflict" ]
[ "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms" ]
3.Search and identification 38. The Committee recommends establishing effective mechanisms to finalize the search and investigation processes related to the approximately 11,000 disappeared individuals in the context of the armed conflicts of the 1990s; to promote the implementation of the regional cooperation mechanis...
38. The Committee recommends establishing effective mechanisms to finalize the search and investigation processes related to the approximately 11,000 disappeared individuals in the context of the armed conflicts of the 1990s; to promote the implementation of the regional cooperation mechanisms that have been establishe...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: adef311f-9531-4bd8-b908-2d6aa5db5410
9783aba7-4c72-48d1-b5d6-0e6d21f4aa50
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Roma, Gypsies, Sinti & Travellers", "Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups" ]
[ "Equality & non-discrimination", "Enforced disappearances", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination" ]
Memorialization of victims of enforced disappearances 39.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding efforts for memorialization, such as the museum commemorating victims of genocide, and partnerships with victims, including from the Roma community, in memorialization projects. How...
39. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding efforts for memorialization, such as the museum commemorating victims of genocide, and partnerships with victims, including from the Roma community, in memorialization projects. However, the Committee is concerned that these efforts d...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 9783aba7-4c72-48d1-b5d6-0e6d21f4aa50
5407496a-dbf5-4443-9c66-8e9a103e449c
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups", "Persons affected by armed conflict" ]
[ "Equality & non-discrimination", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
Memorialization of victims of enforced disappearances 40. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that memorialization efforts equally represent the victims of enforced disappearances from non-Serbian ethnicities. Specifically, the State Party should: (a) Ensure that memorialization projects, including mus...
40. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure that memorialization efforts equally represent the victims of enforced disappearances from non-Serbian ethnicities. Specifically, the State Party should: (a) Ensure that memorialization projects, including museums, monuments and exhibitions, are inclusive and rep...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 5407496a-dbf5-4443-9c66-8e9a103e449c
ea480ca2-0b17-4ef5-a41b-3d18c7217cc5
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Reservations", "Enforced disappearances", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[]
Memorialization of victims of enforced disappearances 41.The Committee notes that the State Party has yet to declare its support for General Assembly resolution 78/282, in which the Assembly condemns without reservation any denial of the Srebrenica genocide as a historical event and actions that glorify those convicted...
41. The Committee notes that the State Party has yet to declare its support for General Assembly resolution 78/282, in which the Assembly condemns without reservation any denial of the Srebrenica genocide as a historical event and actions that glorify those convicted of war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide ...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: ea480ca2-0b17-4ef5-a41b-3d18c7217cc5
9f71f39a-f2fa-4474-8948-14ab15afff9b
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons" ]
[ "Rule of law & impunity", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)" ]
[ "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Memorialization of victims of enforced disappearances 42. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Support General Assembly resolution 78/282, as it contributes to the memorialization of 11 July as the International Day of Reflection and Commemoration of the 1995 Genocide in Srebrenica; (b) Amend its legislat...
42. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Support General Assembly resolution 78/282, as it contributes to the memorialization of 11 July as the International Day of Reflection and Commemoration of the 1995 Genocide in Srebrenica; (b) Amend its legislation to ensure the criminalization of any form of denia...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 9f71f39a-f2fa-4474-8948-14ab15afff9b
2f880069-f677-427a-9a5f-c89b61409546
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Refugees & asylum seekers", "Migrants" ]
[ "Rights related to name, identity & nationality", "Legal & institutional reform", "Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies", "8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour", "16.9 - Universal legal identity and birth registration" ]
Enforced disappearance in the context of migration 43.The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding the measures taken to disseminate the Committee’s general comment No. 1 (2023) on enforced disappearance in the context of migration. The Committee acknowledges the legal reform that h...
43. The Committee takes note of the information provided by the State Party regarding the measures taken to disseminate the Committee’s general comment No. 1 (2023) on enforced disappearance in the context of migration. The Committee acknowledges the legal reform that has been adopted in relation to trafficking in pers...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 2f880069-f677-427a-9a5f-c89b61409546
95361826-1063-4741-a1bb-b7bce481227a
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Refugees & asylum seekers", "Civil society", "Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)", "Children", "Migrants", "Women & girls" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[ "10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies" ]
Enforced disappearance in the context of migration 44. The Committee recommends that the State Party take further measures in the light of the Committee’s general comment No. 1 (2023) to avoid practices that expose migrants and asylum-seekers to risks of enforced disappearance, including by conducting a comprehensive r...
44. The Committee recommends that the State Party take further measures in the light of the Committee’s general comment No. 1 (2023) to avoid practices that expose migrants and asylum-seekers to risks of enforced disappearance, including by conducting a comprehensive review of existing migration policies and practices ...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 95361826-1063-4741-a1bb-b7bce481227a
ddebf4e4-64ef-4b52-bb7d-f3f323f83171
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[]
[]
[]
D.Realization of the rights and fulfilment of the obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 45. The Committee wishes to draw attention to the obligations assumed by States when they become parties to the Convention and, in this respect, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it t...
45. The Committee wishes to draw attention to the obligations assumed by States when they become parties to the Convention and, in this respect, urges the State Party to ensure that all the measures that it takes, irrespective of their nature or the authority from which they emanate, are in full accordance with the obl...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: ddebf4e4-64ef-4b52-bb7d-f3f323f83171
e848d879-99f8-4ccd-978a-c09dbefb727b
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)", "Children", "Vulnerable persons/groups", "Women & girls" ]
[ "Violence against women", "Support to victims & witnesses", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Enforced disappearances", "Sexual & gender-based violence" ]
[ "16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence", "5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women" ]
D.Realization of the rights and fulfilment of the obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 46. The Committee wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and...
46. The Committee wishes to emphasize the particularly cruel effect of enforced disappearance on women and children. Women who are subjected to enforced disappearance are particularly vulnerable to sexual and other forms of gender-based violence. Women who are relatives of a disappeared person, and thus considered vict...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: e848d879-99f8-4ccd-978a-c09dbefb727b
2daaa16d-ed92-4cb0-bbfe-f69ef532c825
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Civil society" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising" ]
[]
D.Realization of the rights and fulfilment of the obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 47. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention and the present concluding observations in order to raise awareness among governmental authorities, civil society actors and the public a...
47. The State Party is encouraged to widely disseminate the Convention and the present concluding observations in order to raise awareness among governmental authorities, civil society actors and the public at large. The Committee also encourages the State Party to promote and facilitate the participation of civil soci...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: 2daaa16d-ed92-4cb0-bbfe-f69ef532c825
dbd252c2-e294-4b80-9cc4-f55dcf5984d9
CED/C/SRB/OAI/1
CED
2025-04-11
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Serbia" ]
[ "Eastern Europe" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Civil society" ]
[ "Cooperation & consultation with civil society", "Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies", "Enforced disappearances" ]
[]
D.Realization of the rights and fulfilment of the obligations under the Convention, dissemination and follow-up 48. Under article 29 (4) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit, by no later than 4 April 2029, specific and updated information on the follow ‑up given to the recommendations con...
48. Under article 29 (4) of the Convention, the Committee requests the State Party to submit, by no later than 4 April 2029, specific and updated information on the follow ‐up given to the recommendations contained in the present concluding observations and any other new information that it considers relevant in the li...
CED | Serbia | CED/C/SRB/OAI/1 | 2025 | DocumentId: 154c8cc3-3512-476d-b006-c3273d5bbd13 | AnnotationId: dbd252c2-e294-4b80-9cc4-f55dcf5984d9
b23469c5-4d1a-48dc-b1a0-299e0fff3d3a
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Women & girls" ]
[ "Equality & non-discrimination", "Legal & institutional reform", "2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments", "Discrimination against women" ]
[ "5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls", "5.c - Adopt policies and enforce legislation for gender equality" ]
B.Sustainable Development Goals 4.The Committee calls for the realization of de jure (legal) and de facto (substantive) gender equality in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, recalls the importance of Goal 5 and of mainstreaming of the principles of equality and non-discrimination through...
4. The Committee calls for the realization of de jure (legal) and de facto (substantive) gender equality in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, recalls the importance of Goal 5 and of mainstreaming of the principles of equality and non-discrimination throughout all 17 Goals and urges the ...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: b23469c5-4d1a-48dc-b1a0-299e0fff3d3a
0ebd48d2-50a6-4a78-85f1-215ca9a520ce
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Vulnerable persons/groups", "Women & girls", "Media", "Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups" ]
[ "Violence against women", "Equality & non-discrimination", "Freedom of movement", "Rights related to marriage & family", "Human rights & counter-terrorism", "Access to justice & remedy", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote", "Sexual & gen...
[ "5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls", "16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making", "10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion", "5.a - Equal rights to economic resources, property ownership and financial services", "5.c - Adopt policies and enfor...
Constitutional and legislative regressions 8.The Committee expresses its concern regarding the systematic constitutional and legislative regressions owing to which the legal framework protecting women’s human rights in Afghanistan has been dismantled since August 2021, in violation of articles 1 and 2 of the Convention...
8. The Committee expresses its concern regarding the systematic constitutional and legislative regressions owing to which the legal framework protecting women’s human rights in Afghanistan has been dismantled since August 2021, in violation of articles 1 and 2 of the Convention. The Committee notes that, despite the ab...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: 0ebd48d2-50a6-4a78-85f1-215ca9a520ce
8ee6d39a-729a-41ef-9ac8-618a38181e01
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Women & girls" ]
[ "Violence against women", "Equality & non-discrimination", "Freedom of movement", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote", "Sexual & gender-based violence", "Participation of women in political & public life", "Discrimination against women", ...
[ "5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls", "16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making", "16.b - Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws", "4.5 - No discrimination in education", "5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women", "16.10 - Ensure public access to ...
Constitutional and legislative regressions 9. Recalling the links between articles 1 and 2 of the Convention and target 5.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals, on ending discrimination against women and girls, the Committee urges the de facto authorities to immediately restore constitutional and legislative protectio...
9. Recalling the links between articles 1 and 2 of the Convention and target 5.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals, on ending discrimination against women and girls, the Committee urges the de facto authorities to immediately restore constitutional and legislative protections for women’s rights by reinstating compre...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: 8ee6d39a-729a-41ef-9ac8-618a38181e01
971407a4-3382-4f26-a893-365b541e5267
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Civil society", "Women & girls", "Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups" ]
[ "Equality & non-discrimination", "Cooperation with human rights mechanisms & requests for technical assistance", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)", "National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)", "Dis...
[ "5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls", "16.b - Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws", "17.9 - Enhance capacity-building in developing countries", "10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination" ]
Constitutional and legislative regressions 10. The Committee calls upon the international community to exercise leverage on the de facto authorities through diplomatic initiatives, targeted sanctions and conditional assistance programmes in which any support is explicitly linked to concrete progress in restoring consti...
10. The Committee calls upon the international community to exercise leverage on the de facto authorities through diplomatic initiatives, targeted sanctions and conditional assistance programmes in which any support is explicitly linked to concrete progress in restoring constitutional protections for women and girls, i...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: 971407a4-3382-4f26-a893-365b541e5267
e245504f-d9b5-450c-aa4a-25d30e855258
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Women & girls", "Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees" ]
[ "Violence against women", "Arbitrary arrest & detention", "Right to life", "Liberty & security of the person", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Sexual & gender-based violence", "Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)" ]
[ "5 - GENDER EQUALITY", "16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere", "5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all" ]
Gender persecution 11.The Committee expresses its profound concern at the institutionalization of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of women by groups associated with the de facto authorities. It is particularly concerned about the announcement made by the Supreme Leader of the Taliban in ...
11. The Committee expresses its profound concern at the institutionalization of torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of women by groups associated with the de facto authorities. It is particularly concerned about the announcement made by the Supreme Leader of the Taliban in March 2024 validat...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: e245504f-d9b5-450c-aa4a-25d30e855258
f8abe13c-77f4-4fa0-b4d9-6eefec82aa51
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Recommendations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Human rights defenders & activists", "Children", "Women & girls", "Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees" ]
[ "Violence against women", "Arbitrary arrest & detention", "Freedom of association", "Right to peaceful assembly", "Constitutional & legislative framework", "Sexual & gender-based violence", "Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)" ]
[ "16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere", "5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women", "16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all", "5.5 - Equal opportunities and participation in leadership" ]
Gender persecution 12. The Committee urges the de facto authorities to immediately cease all forms of institutionalized torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of women by: revoking the announcement made in March 2024 endorsing the public flogging and stoning to death of women; abolishing all pr...
12. The Committee urges the de facto authorities to immediately cease all forms of institutionalized torture and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment of women by: revoking the announcement made in March 2024 endorsing the public flogging and stoning to death of women; abolishing all practices of corporal...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: f8abe13c-77f4-4fa0-b4d9-6eefec82aa51
ae073df4-9d3f-4730-93d6-0722abdb7746
CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4
CEDAW
2025-07-10
2,025
Concerns/Observations
[ "Afghanistan" ]
[ "Asia-Pacific" ]
[ "Disappeared persons", "Women & girls" ]
[ "Equality & non-discrimination", "Enforced disappearances", "Constitutional & legislative framework" ]
[ "16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS", "16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all", "5.5 - Equal opportunities and participation in leadership" ]
Gender persecution 13.The Committee expresses grave concern at the lack of criminal accountability for crimes that may constitute gender persecution under international criminal law. It notes that the hierarchical structure of the Taliban enables command responsibility for such acts. It also notes with concern that tho...
13. The Committee expresses grave concern at the lack of criminal accountability for crimes that may constitute gender persecution under international criminal law. It notes that the hierarchical structure of the Taliban enables command responsibility for such acts. It also notes with concern that those acts have resul...
CEDAW | Afghanistan | CEDAW/C/AFG/CO/4 | 2025 | DocumentId: 8c7ff7af-e360-43a1-a646-bac85bda0763 | AnnotationId: ae073df4-9d3f-4730-93d6-0722abdb7746