id stringlengths 1 7 | question_id stringlengths 1 7 | document_id stringlengths 1 7 | question stringlengths 12 382 | type stringclasses 1
value | choices list | context stringlengths 423 3.87k | answer list |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
600 | 601 | 602 | Effects of the antimalarial drugs XXXX and @entity506 on @entity501 yoelii gametocytegenesis and vectorial transmission.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity506",
"@entity19",
"@entity504",
"@entity281",
"@entity501",
"@entity507",
"@entity505",
"@entity311",
"@entity503",
"@entity502"
] | Chemistry still has a role in the management of @entity311 , alongside the mosquito netting soaked in insecticide that is used increasingly, as we continue to await the long anticipated vaccine. During its cycle, the hematozoon parasite develops through three major periods. The first, @entity281 , corresponds to the in... | [
"@entity502"
] |
603 | 604 | 605 | Effects of the antimalarial drugs @entity502 and XXXX on @entity501 yoelii gametocytegenesis and vectorial transmission.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity506",
"@entity19",
"@entity504",
"@entity281",
"@entity501",
"@entity507",
"@entity505",
"@entity311",
"@entity503",
"@entity502"
] | Chemistry still has a role in the management of @entity311 , alongside the mosquito netting soaked in insecticide that is used increasingly, as we continue to await the long anticipated vaccine. During its cycle, the hematozoon parasite develops through three major periods. The first, @entity281 , corresponds to the in... | [
"@entity506"
] |
606 | 607 | 608 | The effects of fixed and articulated ankle-foot orthoses on gait patterns in subjects with XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity508",
"@entity291",
"@entity306"
] | Twenty-one subjects with spastic @entity306 were studied to quantify the effects of fixed and articulated ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) on gait and delineate criteria for their use. @entity1 underwent gait analysis under three conditions, fixed AFOs (FAFOs), articulated AFOs (AAFOs), and shoes alone. Greater dorsiflexion ... | [
"@entity306"
] |
609 | 610 | 611 | Bilateral hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery, presenting as a XXXX secondary to intracranial aneurysmal formation: a case report.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity154",
"@entity510",
"@entity509",
"@entity439",
"@entity432",
"@entity10"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity509 of the internal carotid artery is a rare @entity154 , with only 24 cases of bilateral internal carotid @entity432 reported to date. Here, we present the case of a 48-year-old @entity1 with bilateral internal carotid @entity432 . She had a collateral circulation through the vertebrobasilar syste... | [
"@entity510"
] |
612 | 613 | 614 | XXXX of the spine: 1954 to 1997.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity512",
"@entity511",
"@entity5"
] | OBJECT: Primary @entity511 of the spine is extremely rare. During the last 43 years only 21 @entity1 with this disease were registered at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson @entity5 Center. The purpose of this study was to examine the demographic characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of this set of @entity1 . M... | [
"@entity511"
] |
615 | 616 | 617 | Prognostic factors in XXXX in situ of the breast: results of a retrospective study of 575 cases. The Association for Research in Oncologic Gynecology.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity514",
"@entity75",
"@entity189",
"@entity513",
"@entity3"
] | OBJECTIVE: Conservative treatment for @entity513 in situ of the breast exposes @entity1 to the risk of infiltrating recurrence which can lead to @entity3 . The primary purposes of this retrospective study were to evaluate diagnostic and therapeutic methods over a 10-year period and to validate prognostic factors. This ... | [
"@entity513"
] |
618 | 619 | 620 | Carbon dioxide, XXXX and low pH lead to overexpression of @entity517 and @entity518 oncogenes in @entity521 cells.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity518",
"@entity522",
"@entity146",
"@entity5",
"@entity517",
"@entity515",
"@entity520",
"@entity519",
"@entity521",
"@entity516"
] | PURPOSE: It has been reported that @entity515 gas, used to establish a @entity516 during laparoscopy, affects the behavior of @entity5 cells. The proto-oncogenes @entity517 and @entity518 mediate @entity146 . We studied whether exposure to @entity515 , @entity519 or @entity520 affects the expression of @entity517 and @... | [
"@entity519"
] |
621 | 622 | 623 | Carbon dioxide, @entity519 and low pH lead to overexpression of @entity517 and XXXX oncogenes in @entity521 cells.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity518",
"@entity522",
"@entity146",
"@entity5",
"@entity517",
"@entity515",
"@entity520",
"@entity519",
"@entity521",
"@entity516"
] | PURPOSE: It has been reported that @entity515 gas, used to establish a @entity516 during laparoscopy, affects the behavior of @entity5 cells. The proto-oncogenes @entity517 and @entity518 mediate @entity146 . We studied whether exposure to @entity515 , @entity519 or @entity520 affects the expression of @entity517 and @... | [
"@entity518"
] |
624 | 625 | 626 | Carbon dioxide, @entity519 and low pH lead to overexpression of @entity517 and @entity518 oncogenes in XXXX cells.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity518",
"@entity522",
"@entity146",
"@entity5",
"@entity517",
"@entity515",
"@entity520",
"@entity519",
"@entity521",
"@entity516"
] | PURPOSE: It has been reported that @entity515 gas, used to establish a @entity516 during laparoscopy, affects the behavior of @entity5 cells. The proto-oncogenes @entity517 and @entity518 mediate @entity146 . We studied whether exposure to @entity515 , @entity519 or @entity520 affects the expression of @entity517 and @... | [
"@entity521"
] |
627 | 628 | 629 | Carbon dioxide, @entity519 and low pH lead to overexpression of XXXX and @entity518 oncogenes in @entity521 cells.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity518",
"@entity522",
"@entity146",
"@entity5",
"@entity517",
"@entity515",
"@entity520",
"@entity519",
"@entity521",
"@entity516"
] | PURPOSE: It has been reported that @entity515 gas, used to establish a @entity516 during laparoscopy, affects the behavior of @entity5 cells. The proto-oncogenes @entity517 and @entity518 mediate @entity146 . We studied whether exposure to @entity515 , @entity519 or @entity520 affects the expression of @entity517 and @... | [
"@entity517"
] |
630 | 631 | 632 | Evaluation of current operating standards for XXXX in disinfection of dump tank and flume for fresh tomatoes.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity523",
"@entity524",
"@entity525",
"@entity526"
] | Standard postharvest unit operations that rely on copious water contact, such as fruit unloading and washing, approach the criteria for a true critical control point in fresh @entity523 production. Performance data for approved sanitizers that reflect commercial systems are needed to set standards for audit compliance.... | [
"@entity524"
] |
633 | 634 | 635 | Classification and basic pathology of XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity131",
"@entity455",
"@entity527",
"@entity66",
"@entity477",
"@entity195",
"@entity529",
"@entity528"
] | The lesions of @entity195 include accumulation of proteins, losses of neurons and synapses, and alterations related to reactive processes. Extracellular @entity477 accumulation occurs in the parenchyma as diffuse, focal or stellate deposits. It may involve the vessel walls of arteries, veins and capillaries. The cases ... | [
"@entity195"
] |
636 | 637 | 638 | Dual use of veterans health administration and Indian Health Service: healthcare provider and XXXX perspectives.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity283"
] | BACKGROUND: Many American Indian and Alaska Native veterans are eligible for healthcare from @entity283 ( @entity283 ) and from Indian Health Service (IHS). These organizations executed a Memorandum of Understanding in 2003 to share resources, but little was known about how they collaborated to deliver healthcare. OBJE... | [
"@entity1"
] |
639 | 640 | 641 | Internal hemipelvectomy for XXXX using a T-incision surgical approach.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity242",
"@entity5",
"@entity532",
"@entity260",
"@entity530",
"@entity281",
"@entity531"
] | Internal hemipelvectomy is performed for @entity530 when the @entity5 can be safely resected without sacrificing the entire extremity. Wide exposure and awareness of major @entity531 are crucial to the success of this surgery. Various modifications on the standard utilitarian approach have been used to best achieve the... | [
"@entity530"
] |
642 | 643 | 644 | XXXX polymorphisms are not associated with cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity533",
"@entity368",
"@entity535",
"@entity534",
"@entity369",
"@entity65"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity533 ( @entity533 ) gene variants have been identified as risk factors for @entity65 ( @entity65 ). There are two common @entity533 polymorphisms at position 55 (Leu-Met change) and 192 (Gln- @entity534 change) of the @entity535 chain. Leucine at position 55 and @entity369 at position 192 have been as... | [
"@entity533"
] |
645 | 646 | 647 | Repeatability of quantitative parameters derived from diffusion tensor imaging in @entity1 with XXXX multiforme.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity536",
"@entity463",
"@entity5"
] | PURPOSE: To quantify the repeatability of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in @entity1 with @entity463 multiforme. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IRB approval and informed consent were obtained for this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study. Sixteen @entity1 with... | [
"@entity463"
] |
648 | 649 | 650 | Repeatability of quantitative parameters derived from diffusion tensor imaging in XXXX with @entity463 multiforme.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity536",
"@entity463",
"@entity5"
] | PURPOSE: To quantify the repeatability of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) in @entity1 with @entity463 multiforme. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IRB approval and informed consent were obtained for this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study. Sixteen @entity1 with... | [
"@entity1"
] |
651 | 652 | 653 | Fractionation and enrichment of oligodendrocytes from developing XXXX brain.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity538",
"@entity540",
"@entity537",
"@entity539"
] | Enriched cultures of @entity1 oligodendrocytes were obtained from fetal brain specimens between 16 and 21 gestational weeks. Brain cells were separated over a Percoll density gradient and collected as two fractions with initial relative densities of approximately 1.035 g/ml and 1.102 g/ml, for fractions 1 and 2, respec... | [
"@entity1"
] |
654 | 655 | 656 | Urgency of referral and its impact on outcome in @entity1 with XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity5",
"@entity14"
] | AIM: Primary care referral for @entity1 with bowel symptoms is triaged by general practitioners to urgent or routine based on the clinical suspicion of @entity5 . Triage directly influences time to assessment and investigation. This study aimed to establish whether urgency of referral of @entity1 with large bowel @enti... | [
"@entity14"
] |
657 | 658 | 659 | Urgency of referral and its impact on outcome in XXXX with @entity14 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity5",
"@entity14"
] | AIM: Primary care referral for @entity1 with bowel symptoms is triaged by general practitioners to urgent or routine based on the clinical suspicion of @entity5 . Triage directly influences time to assessment and investigation. This study aimed to establish whether urgency of referral of @entity1 with large bowel @enti... | [
"@entity1"
] |
660 | 661 | 662 | Low frequency pressure waves of possible autonomic origin in severely head-injured XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity131",
"@entity541",
"@entity428",
"@entity542"
] | BACKGROUND: Useful information (both clinical and pathophysiological) which may be extracted from @entity428 ( @entity428 ) recordings include: (1) the mean level of @entity428 (and CPP), (2) cerebrovascular autoregulation status, (3) the intracranial pulse pressure (the pulse wave index, ICPpp/ICPm) or the pressure-vo... | [
"@entity1"
] |
663 | 664 | 665 | XXXX events after carotid interventions in relationship to baseline cerebrovascular reactivity.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity64",
"@entity63",
"@entity73",
"@entity26",
"@entity544",
"@entity543"
] | BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate whether baseline cerebrovascular reactivity could predict subsequent @entity63 event after intervention and identify the @entity1 group for more aggressive medical and interventional management paradigms. METHODS: @entity1 with more than 70% cervical @entity543 (from ultrasonography)... | [
"@entity63"
] |
666 | 667 | 668 | [Clinical and para-clinical assessment of XXXX : Place of questionnaires and penile duplex ultrasound].
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity455",
"@entity75",
"@entity545",
"@entity546"
] | PURPOSE: Assessment of the @entity545 ( @entity545 ) is clinical in absence of validated questionnaire or of para-clinical standardized test. The international index of erectile function (IIEF) and Lue's score are used for the clinical evaluation. Penile dynamic duplex ultrasound (PDU) was considered in the 2010 recom... | [
"@entity545"
] |
669 | 670 | 671 | Comparison of heart and coronary artery doses associated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy versus three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity453",
"@entity418",
"@entity299"
] | PURPOSE: To compare heart and coronary artery radiation exposure using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) vs. four-field three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) treatment plans for @entity1 with @entity418 undergoing chemoradiation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Nineteen @entity1 with @entity418 treated with IM... | [
"@entity418"
] |
672 | 673 | 674 | First case of single incision laparoscopic surgery for totally extraperitoneal XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity548",
"@entity158",
"@entity547",
"@entity169"
] | Laparoscopic approach to @entity169 is indicated for recurrent and @entity547 or as @entity1 choice in unilateral primary @entity547 . Totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach has some advantages over transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) approach, but has proved to be more technically demanding. It cannot be emphasized en... | [
"@entity169"
] |
675 | 676 | 677 | Language related brain potentials in XXXX with cortical and subcortical left hemisphere lesions.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity549",
"@entity75",
"@entity550"
] | The role of the basal ganglia in language processing is currently a matter of discussion. Therefore, @entity1 with @entity75 involving the basal ganglia as well as normal controls were tested in a language comprehension paradigm. Semantically incorrect, syntactically incorrect and correct sentences were presented audit... | [
"@entity1"
] |
678 | 679 | 680 | Effect of timing of fluid bolus on reduction of spinal-induced XXXX in patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity551",
"@entity510"
] | Spinal-induced @entity551 remains the most common complication associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Recent evidence indicates that a 20-mL/kg bolus via pressurized infusion system administered at the time of @entity510 ( @entity510 ) (coload) may provide better prophylaxis than the traditional admin... | [
"@entity551"
] |
681 | 682 | 683 | A randomized trial of the off-label use of imiquimod, 5%, cream with vs without XXXX , 0.1%, gel for the treatment of @entity552 , followed by conservative staged excisions.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity552",
"@entity553",
"@entity555",
"@entity554"
] | OBJECTIVE: To determine if the complete response rates of @entity552 ( @entity552 ) to imiquimod, 5%, cream can be improved by the addition of a topical retinoid. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study of @entity1 treated with @entity553 alone vs imiquimod plus a topical @entity554 , followed by conservative staged excis... | [
"@entity555"
] |
684 | 685 | 686 | A randomized trial of the off-label use of imiquimod, 5%, cream with vs without @entity555 , 0.1%, gel for the treatment of XXXX , followed by conservative staged excisions.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity552",
"@entity553",
"@entity555",
"@entity554"
] | OBJECTIVE: To determine if the complete response rates of @entity552 ( @entity552 ) to imiquimod, 5%, cream can be improved by the addition of a topical retinoid. DESIGN: Prospective randomized study of @entity1 treated with @entity553 alone vs imiquimod plus a topical @entity554 , followed by conservative staged excis... | [
"@entity552"
] |
687 | 688 | 689 | Tissue factor-expressing monocytes inhibit fibrinolysis through a XXXX -mediated mechanism, and make clots resistant to heparins.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity558",
"@entity556",
"@entity557",
"@entity559"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity556 is the main activator of the fibrinolysis inhibitor @entity557 ( @entity557 ) and heightened clotting activation is believed to impair fibrinolysis through the increase of @entity557 activation. However, the enhancement of @entity556 generation by soluble tissue factor was reported to have no eff... | [
"@entity557"
] |
690 | 691 | 692 | Long-term treatment of @entity170 in postmenopausal women: a review from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of XXXX and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the International @entity170 Foundation (IOF).
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity172",
"@entity171",
"@entity174",
"@entity0",
"@entity561",
"@entity170",
"@entity102",
"@entity79",
"@entity562",
"@entity173",
"@entity460",
"@entity176",
"@entity560"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity170 is a @entity102 requiring treatment that balances long-term @entity174 efficacy against risk. METHODS: We reviewed the efficacy and safety of @entity460 and @entity560 , the selective @entity172 receptor modulators (SERMs), the @entity171 , denosumab, and @entity176 in studies of 3 years or lon... | [
"@entity170"
] |
693 | 694 | 695 | Long-term treatment of XXXX in postmenopausal women: a review from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of @entity170 and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the International @entity170 Foundation (IOF).
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity172",
"@entity171",
"@entity174",
"@entity0",
"@entity561",
"@entity170",
"@entity102",
"@entity79",
"@entity562",
"@entity173",
"@entity460",
"@entity176",
"@entity560"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity170 is a @entity102 requiring treatment that balances long-term @entity174 efficacy against risk. METHODS: We reviewed the efficacy and safety of @entity460 and @entity560 , the selective @entity172 receptor modulators (SERMs), the @entity171 , denosumab, and @entity176 in studies of 3 years or lon... | [
"@entity170"
] |
696 | 697 | 698 | Long-term treatment of @entity170 in postmenopausal women: a review from the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of @entity170 and Osteoarthritis (ESCEO) and the International XXXX Foundation (IOF).
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity172",
"@entity171",
"@entity174",
"@entity0",
"@entity561",
"@entity170",
"@entity102",
"@entity79",
"@entity562",
"@entity173",
"@entity460",
"@entity176",
"@entity560"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity170 is a @entity102 requiring treatment that balances long-term @entity174 efficacy against risk. METHODS: We reviewed the efficacy and safety of @entity460 and @entity560 , the selective @entity172 receptor modulators (SERMs), the @entity171 , denosumab, and @entity176 in studies of 3 years or lon... | [
"@entity170"
] |
699 | 700 | 701 | @entity563 protease Per a 10 from @entity564 bias dendritic cells towards type 2 by upregulating CD86 and low XXXX secretions.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity32",
"@entity565",
"@entity566",
"@entity564",
"@entity568",
"@entity567",
"@entity563",
"@entity35"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity563 protease activity of Per a 10 from @entity564 induces @entity32 and systemic Th2 response towards self and bystander allergen. OBJECTIVE: In the present study the effect of proteolytic activity of Per @entity35 allergen on dendritic cells (DCs) polarization and consequent T cell response was inve... | [
"@entity567"
] |
702 | 703 | 704 | XXXX protease Per a 10 from @entity564 bias dendritic cells towards type 2 by upregulating CD86 and low @entity567 secretions.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity32",
"@entity565",
"@entity566",
"@entity564",
"@entity568",
"@entity567",
"@entity563",
"@entity35"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity563 protease activity of Per a 10 from @entity564 induces @entity32 and systemic Th2 response towards self and bystander allergen. OBJECTIVE: In the present study the effect of proteolytic activity of Per @entity35 allergen on dendritic cells (DCs) polarization and consequent T cell response was inve... | [
"@entity563"
] |
705 | 706 | 707 | @entity563 protease Per a 10 from XXXX bias dendritic cells towards type 2 by upregulating CD86 and low @entity567 secretions.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity32",
"@entity565",
"@entity566",
"@entity564",
"@entity568",
"@entity567",
"@entity563",
"@entity35"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity563 protease activity of Per a 10 from @entity564 induces @entity32 and systemic Th2 response towards self and bystander allergen. OBJECTIVE: In the present study the effect of proteolytic activity of Per @entity35 allergen on dendritic cells (DCs) polarization and consequent T cell response was inve... | [
"@entity564"
] |
708 | 709 | 710 | Full kinetic chain manual and manipulative therapy plus exercise compared with targeted manual and manipulative therapy plus exercise for symptomatic XXXX : a randomized controlled trial.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity571",
"@entity569",
"@entity572",
"@entity570"
] | OBJECTIVE: To determine the short-term effectiveness of full kinematic chain manual and manipulative therapy ( @entity569 ) plus exercise compared with targeted hip @entity569 plus exercise for symptomatic mild to moderate @entity570 ( @entity571 ). DESIGN: Parallel-group randomized trial with 3-month follow-up. SETTIN... | [
"@entity570"
] |
711 | 712 | 713 | Increased incidence of incomplete XXXX at a pediatric hospital after publication of the 2004 American Heart Association guidelines.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity573",
"@entity453",
"@entity493",
"@entity574"
] | We sought to study the impact of the 2004 American Heart Association guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 with @entity573 ( @entity573 ). We reviewed @entity1 records from July 2000 to June 2002 (group 1) and July 2007 to June 2009 (group 2) at a tertiary @entity1 's hospital. The proportion of @entity1 wi... | [
"@entity573"
] |
714 | 715 | 716 | Antimicrobial activity of thin metallic XXXX flakes, waste products of a manufacturing process.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity576",
"@entity526",
"@entity575"
] | The aim of the research was to develop new products and processes from a manufacturing waste from an Italian metallurgic company. The company produced thin @entity575 metallic films and the production scraps were @entity575 flakes. The possibility to use the @entity575 flakes in water disinfection processes was studied... | [
"@entity575"
] |
717 | 718 | 719 | Preliminary report on XXXX emissions from the Three Gorges Reservoir in the summer drainage period.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity577",
"@entity578",
"@entity579"
] | Recently reported summertime @entity577 ( @entity578 ) emissions (6.7 +/- 13.3 mg @entity578 /(m2 x hr)) from newly created marshes in the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), China have triggered broad concern in academic circles and among the public. The @entity578 emissions from TGR water surfaces and ... | [
"@entity577"
] |
720 | 721 | 722 | Evaluation of the duration of the antibiotic prophylaxis in paediatric postoperative heart surgery XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity281",
"@entity581",
"@entity580",
"@entity582"
] | The ideal duration of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in heart surgery is unknown. The most recent guidelines recommend a decrease in prophylaxis time to decrease the emergence of multiresistant germs. However, compliance with these recommendations is scant. Our aim was to determine whether a decrease in prophylax... | [
"@entity1"
] |
723 | 724 | 725 | XXXX as a potential tool to improve mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for @entity583 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity251",
"@entity589",
"@entity586",
"@entity588",
"@entity585",
"@entity587",
"@entity584",
"@entity342",
"@entity583"
] | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has emerged as a potent therapeutic strategy to improve @entity583 . However MSCs therapy encounters a few obstacles regarding the poor viability of the transplanted cells. Therefore, it is important to explore a strategy to enhance post-transplanted MSC viability. To overcome this... | [
"@entity585"
] |
726 | 727 | 728 | @entity585 as a potential tool to improve mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity251",
"@entity589",
"@entity586",
"@entity588",
"@entity585",
"@entity587",
"@entity584",
"@entity342",
"@entity583"
] | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy has emerged as a potent therapeutic strategy to improve @entity583 . However MSCs therapy encounters a few obstacles regarding the poor viability of the transplanted cells. Therefore, it is important to explore a strategy to enhance post-transplanted MSC viability. To overcome this... | [
"@entity583"
] |
729 | 730 | 731 | @entity460 channel blockers are inadequate for XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity591",
"@entity593",
"@entity460",
"@entity594",
"@entity141",
"@entity592",
"@entity590"
] | PURPOSE: @entity590 ( @entity590 ) results from disordered @entity460 ( @entity141 ) homeostasis in skeletal muscle during general anesthesia. Although @entity141 channel blockers may be given to treat the @entity591 and circulatory instability, coadministration of @entity141 channel blockers and @entity592 is contrain... | [
"@entity590"
] |
732 | 733 | 734 | XXXX channel blockers are inadequate for @entity590 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity591",
"@entity593",
"@entity460",
"@entity594",
"@entity141",
"@entity592",
"@entity590"
] | PURPOSE: @entity590 ( @entity590 ) results from disordered @entity460 ( @entity141 ) homeostasis in skeletal muscle during general anesthesia. Although @entity141 channel blockers may be given to treat the @entity591 and circulatory instability, coadministration of @entity141 channel blockers and @entity592 is contrain... | [
"@entity460"
] |
735 | 736 | 737 | High-density PhyloChip profiling of stimulated aquifer microbial communities reveals a complex response to XXXX amendment.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity596",
"@entity598",
"@entity599",
"@entity595",
"@entity597"
] | There is increasing interest in harnessing the functional capacities of indigenous microbial communities to transform and remediate a wide range of environmental contaminants. Information about which community members respond to stimulation can guide the interpretation and development of remediation approaches. To comp... | [
"@entity598"
] |
738 | 739 | 740 | Inappropriate surgical interventions for midline fusion defects cause secondary XXXX : implications for natural history report of four cases.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity322",
"@entity16",
"@entity602",
"@entity245",
"@entity600",
"@entity601"
] | INTRODUCTION: The causes of tethered spinal cord are various. In order to release the tethering effect of these @entity600 , the surgical interventions must include removal of all tethering components, reconstruction of the neural tube and sectioning of tight filum terminale as well. CASES: The cases reported in this p... | [
"@entity602"
] |
741 | 742 | 743 | Quantification of periarticular demineralization and synovialitis of the hand in XXXX @entity1 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity604",
"@entity603",
"@entity79",
"@entity309"
] | The @entity79 ( @entity79 ) measurement of the hand in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 is no standard measurement method as yet. The aim was to contribute to the standardization of the hand @entity79 measurement, especially of periarticular regions. As results, we found best precision values for the wrist and a sign... | [
"@entity309"
] |
744 | 745 | 746 | Quantification of periarticular demineralization and synovialitis of the hand in @entity309 XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity604",
"@entity603",
"@entity79",
"@entity309"
] | The @entity79 ( @entity79 ) measurement of the hand in @entity309 ( @entity309 ) @entity1 is no standard measurement method as yet. The aim was to contribute to the standardization of the hand @entity79 measurement, especially of periarticular regions. As results, we found best precision values for the wrist and a sign... | [
"@entity1"
] |
747 | 748 | 749 | Molecular cloning and functional characterization of two CYP619 cytochrome P450s involved in biosynthesis of patulin in XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity608",
"@entity607",
"@entity611",
"@entity605",
"@entity606",
"@entity598",
"@entity610",
"@entity609",
"@entity375"
] | Patulin is an @entity598 -derived @entity605 mycotoxin produced by several fungal species, especially @entity606 , Penicillium and Byssochlamys species. The health risks due to patulin consumption by @entity1 have led many countries to regulate it in @entity1 food. Previous studies have shown the involvement of cytochr... | [
"@entity606"
] |
750 | 751 | 752 | Quadriceps @entity121 mimicking XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity612",
"@entity616",
"@entity615",
"@entity613",
"@entity158",
"@entity614",
"@entity121",
"@entity130"
] | STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of vastus lateralis @entity121 not accompanied by any history of major @entity130 or the presence of a risk factor in a @entity1 with @entity612 . Isolated vastus lateralis @entity121 without an obvious cause is very rare. Localized @entity158 and @entity6... | [
"@entity614"
] |
753 | 754 | 755 | Quadriceps XXXX mimicking @entity614 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity612",
"@entity616",
"@entity615",
"@entity613",
"@entity158",
"@entity614",
"@entity121",
"@entity130"
] | STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To report an unusual case of vastus lateralis @entity121 not accompanied by any history of major @entity130 or the presence of a risk factor in a @entity1 with @entity612 . Isolated vastus lateralis @entity121 without an obvious cause is very rare. Localized @entity158 and @entity6... | [
"@entity121"
] |
756 | 757 | 758 | Satisfactory outcome despite low 2-hour postdose XXXX level in Iranian kidney recipients.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity205",
"@entity618",
"@entity617"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity205 has a narrow therapeutic serum level in kidney transplantation. Achieving the recommended therapeutic levels is necessary, but in different ethnic groups, the impact of the @entity205 level on @entity1 and graft survival has not been fully addressed yet. We investigated this issue by studying t... | [
"@entity205"
] |
759 | 760 | 761 | [Potential application of XXXX amniotic mesenchymal cells for seeding cells in bone tissue engineering].
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity621",
"@entity620",
"@entity622",
"@entity619",
"@entity12",
"@entity623"
] | OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential of @entity1 amniotic mesenchymal cells (hAMC) serving as seeding cells in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: hAMC were isolated and cultured. The third passage of hAMC was cultured in osteogenic induced media [DMEM supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS, 0.1 mumol/L @entity619 , 50 mg/L ... | [
"@entity1"
] |
762 | 763 | 764 | Hormone-induced 14-3-3y adaptor protein regulates steroidogenic acute regulatory protein activity and XXXX biosynthesis in MA-10 Leydig cells.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity268",
"@entity624",
"@entity19",
"@entity134",
"@entity165"
] | @entity165 is the sole precursor of @entity134 hormones in the body. The import of @entity165 to the inner mitochondrial membrane, the rate-limiting step in @entity134 biosynthesis, relies on the formation of a protein complex that assembles at the outer mitochondrial membrane called the transduceosome. The transduceos... | [
"@entity134"
] |
765 | 766 | 767 | Psychological and @entity250 in long-term XXXX survivors.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity308",
"@entity0",
"@entity5",
"@entity74",
"@entity250"
] | BACKGROUND: The progressive increase in the number of @entity1 surviving long term after a diagnosis of @entity5 has led to a focus on the early and late complications of the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of complications which may worsen quality of life and shorten ... | [
"@entity0"
] |
768 | 769 | 770 | Psychological and XXXX in long-term @entity0 survivors.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity308",
"@entity0",
"@entity5",
"@entity74",
"@entity250"
] | BACKGROUND: The progressive increase in the number of @entity1 surviving long term after a diagnosis of @entity5 has led to a focus on the early and late complications of the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of complications which may worsen quality of life and shorten ... | [
"@entity250"
] |
771 | 772 | 773 | Mixture of Arnebia euchroma and Matricaria chamomilla (Marhame-Mafasel) for @entity158 relief of XXXX - a two-treatment, two-period crossover trial.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity626",
"@entity627",
"@entity571",
"@entity625",
"@entity158"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity571 is the most prevalent chronic @entity625 . Because of its chronic disease nature, local drugs are preferred due to lower complications. In the present study, the new herbal pomade Marhame-Mafasel for @entity626 was used in a double-blind crossover trial. The aim of the study was to assess the e... | [
"@entity626"
] |
774 | 775 | 776 | Mixture of Arnebia euchroma and Matricaria chamomilla (Marhame-Mafasel) for XXXX relief of @entity626 - a two-treatment, two-period crossover trial.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity626",
"@entity627",
"@entity571",
"@entity625",
"@entity158"
] | INTRODUCTION: @entity571 is the most prevalent chronic @entity625 . Because of its chronic disease nature, local drugs are preferred due to lower complications. In the present study, the new herbal pomade Marhame-Mafasel for @entity626 was used in a double-blind crossover trial. The aim of the study was to assess the e... | [
"@entity158"
] |
777 | 778 | 779 | Not all are lost: interrupted laboratory monitoring, XXXX , and loss to follow-up (LTFU) in a large South African treatment program.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity404",
"@entity646",
"@entity645",
"@entity204"
] | BACKGROUND: Many @entity645 treatment programs in resource-limited settings are plagued by high rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU). Most studies have not distinguished between those who briefly interrupt, but return to care, and those more chronically lost to follow-up. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study... | [
"@entity204"
] |
780 | 781 | 782 | Head-to-head comparison between bicycle exercise testing and coronary XXXX score and coronary stenoses on multislice computed tomography.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity453",
"@entity460",
"@entity63"
] | OBJECTIVE: To perform a head-to-head comparison between signs of @entity63 during bicycle exercise testing and @entity453 on multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in @entity1 with suspected @entity453 ( @entity453 ). METHODS: Two hundred and one @entity1 underwent exercise testing, followed by 64-slice MSCT. A subgroup... | [
"@entity460"
] |
783 | 784 | 785 | A simple clinical predictive index for objective estimates of mortality in XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity648",
"@entity204",
"@entity647"
] | OBJECTIVE: We sought to develop a simple point score that would accurately capture the risk of @entity204 for @entity1 with @entity647 ( @entity647 ). DESIGN: This is a secondary analysis of data from two randomized trials. Baseline clinical variables collected within 24 hours of enrollment were modeled as predictors o... | [
"@entity647"
] |
786 | 787 | 788 | A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial assessing safety and efficacy of active site inactivated recombinant factor VIIa in subjects with XXXX or acute @entity649 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity650",
"@entity548",
"@entity649",
"@entity651",
"@entity647"
] | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of active site inactivated recombinant factor VIIa (FFR-rFVIIa) in @entity1 with acute @entity649 . DESIGN: Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial. SETTING: Forty-six intensive care units (ICU) in ten countries. @entity1 : All adult (... | [
"@entity647"
] |
789 | 790 | 791 | A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial assessing safety and efficacy of active site inactivated recombinant factor VIIa in subjects with @entity647 or acute XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity650",
"@entity548",
"@entity649",
"@entity651",
"@entity647"
] | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of active site inactivated recombinant factor VIIa (FFR-rFVIIa) in @entity1 with acute @entity649 . DESIGN: Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial. SETTING: Forty-six intensive care units (ICU) in ten countries. @entity1 : All adult (... | [
"@entity649"
] |
792 | 793 | 794 | Endoscopic full-thickness resection of a lateral spreading XXXX after unplanned injection of dilute hyaluronic acid into the subserosal layer (with video).
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity96",
"@entity5",
"@entity653",
"@entity654",
"@entity655",
"@entity652"
] | A 74-year-old @entity1 underwent colonoscopy for investigation of a @entity96 . A lateral spreading @entity5 of the non-granular type (LST-NG), 25 mm in diameter, was detected at the rectosigmoid junction. As magnifying image-enhanced colonoscopy suggested a @entity652 , endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was chosen f... | [
"@entity5"
] |
795 | 796 | 797 | Experimental pancreatitis results in increased blood-brain barrier permeability in @entity35 : a potential role of XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity658",
"@entity656",
"@entity657",
"@entity660",
"@entity659",
"@entity594",
"@entity35"
] | OBJECTIVE: To measure the changes of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in @entity35 with @entity656 ( @entity656 ) and to investigate the role of @entity657 expression in this alteration. METHODS: @entity35 model of @entity656 ( @entity656 ) and @entity656 ( @entity656 ) was induced by pancreatic duct infusion of ... | [
"@entity657"
] |
798 | 799 | 800 | Experimental pancreatitis results in increased blood-brain barrier permeability in XXXX : a potential role of @entity657 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity658",
"@entity656",
"@entity657",
"@entity660",
"@entity659",
"@entity594",
"@entity35"
] | OBJECTIVE: To measure the changes of blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in @entity35 with @entity656 ( @entity656 ) and to investigate the role of @entity657 expression in this alteration. METHODS: @entity35 model of @entity656 ( @entity656 ) and @entity656 ( @entity656 ) was induced by pancreatic duct infusion of ... | [
"@entity35"
] |
801 | 802 | 803 | Psychology of earthquake-induced XXXX , @entity583 and non-cardiac @entity662 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity662",
"@entity308",
"@entity148",
"@entity661",
"@entity663",
"@entity583"
] | AIMS: To compare psychological factors in @entity1 presenting to hospital with earthquake-induced @entity661 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and non-cardiac @entity662 . We hypothesised that @entity1 with @entity661 and non-cardiac @entity662 would be more psychologically vulnerable than those with @entity583 . METHODS: Ca... | [
"@entity661"
] |
804 | 805 | 806 | Psychology of earthquake-induced @entity661 , @entity583 and non-cardiac XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity662",
"@entity308",
"@entity148",
"@entity661",
"@entity663",
"@entity583"
] | AIMS: To compare psychological factors in @entity1 presenting to hospital with earthquake-induced @entity661 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and non-cardiac @entity662 . We hypothesised that @entity1 with @entity661 and non-cardiac @entity662 would be more psychologically vulnerable than those with @entity583 . METHODS: Ca... | [
"@entity662"
] |
807 | 808 | 809 | Psychology of earthquake-induced @entity661 , XXXX and non-cardiac @entity662 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity662",
"@entity308",
"@entity148",
"@entity661",
"@entity663",
"@entity583"
] | AIMS: To compare psychological factors in @entity1 presenting to hospital with earthquake-induced @entity661 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ) and non-cardiac @entity662 . We hypothesised that @entity1 with @entity661 and non-cardiac @entity662 would be more psychologically vulnerable than those with @entity583 . METHODS: Ca... | [
"@entity583"
] |
810 | 811 | 812 | Involvement of PDGF in pressure-induced mesangial cell proliferation through PKC and XXXX kinase pathways.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity671",
"@entity8",
"@entity664",
"@entity101",
"@entity670",
"@entity668",
"@entity672",
"@entity665",
"@entity667",
"@entity673",
"@entity35",
"@entity669",
"@entity631",
"@entity666"
] | In glomerular @entity101 , mesangial cells (MC) are subjected to at least two physical forces: mechanical stretch and high transmural pressure. Increased transmural pressure, as well as mechanical stretch, promotes MC proliferation, which may enhance @entity631 . The exact mechanism of this effect is not fully understo... | [
"@entity669"
] |
813 | 814 | 815 | XXXX : a single center experience.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity675",
"@entity677",
"@entity5",
"@entity676",
"@entity674",
"@entity669"
] | PURPOSE: The duodenum as primary site for @entity674 ( @entity674 ) is rare and mitotic rate, @entity5 size, type of mutation and number of chromosomal aberrations have prognostic implications. METHODS: We analyzed the outcome of 13 @entity1 with duodenal @entity674 who underwent surgical @entity5 resection. Either seg... | [
"@entity677"
] |
816 | 817 | 818 | Assessment of blood-brain barrier permeability using the in situ XXXX brain perfusion technique.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity681",
"@entity19",
"@entity680",
"@entity682",
"@entity679",
"@entity678"
] | PURPOSE: To assess the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of 12 clinically-used drugs in @entity678 (+/+) and @entity678 (-/-) @entity19 , and investigate the influence of lipophilicity, nonspecific brain tissue binding, and @entity679 -mediated efflux on the rate of brain uptake. METHODS: The BBB partition coeffic... | [
"@entity19"
] |
819 | 820 | 821 | A randomized, controlled trial comparing traditional herbal medicine and XXXX inhibitors in the treatment of seasonal @entity683 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity650",
"@entity689",
"@entity684",
"@entity685",
"@entity686",
"@entity310",
"@entity683",
"@entity687",
"@entity688",
"@entity221"
] | The herbal medicine, maoto, has been traditionally prescribed to @entity1 with @entity683 in Japan. To better understand the efficacy of maoto for the treatment of @entity683 , a randomized trial was conducted for comparison with @entity684 or @entity685 . Adult @entity1 with @entity683 symptoms, including @entity221 ,... | [
"@entity689"
] |
822 | 823 | 824 | A randomized, controlled trial comparing traditional herbal medicine and @entity689 inhibitors in the treatment of seasonal XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity650",
"@entity689",
"@entity684",
"@entity685",
"@entity686",
"@entity310",
"@entity683",
"@entity687",
"@entity688",
"@entity221"
] | The herbal medicine, maoto, has been traditionally prescribed to @entity1 with @entity683 in Japan. To better understand the efficacy of maoto for the treatment of @entity683 , a randomized trial was conducted for comparison with @entity684 or @entity685 . Adult @entity1 with @entity683 symptoms, including @entity221 ,... | [
"@entity683"
] |
825 | 826 | 827 | Retroacetabular XXXX behind well-fixed prosthetic cups: pilot study of bearings-retaining surgery.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity691",
"@entity604",
"@entity281",
"@entity690",
"@entity158"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity690 are common radiological findings behind acetabular prosthetic cups. If the cup is well-fixed, the management is quite controversial. Although implant exchange is the most reliable procedure, in most cases it could be considered overtreatment, with the potential for further morbidity and @entity60... | [
"@entity690"
] |
828 | 829 | 830 | Injectable XXXX cement patch as an on-lay graft for the sellar reconstructions following endoscopic endonasal approach.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity692",
"@entity1",
"@entity693"
] | BACKGROUND: Skull base reconstruction after endoscopic endonasal resection of a variety of skull base lesions remains challenging because of some lethal complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. We investigated the outcomes of @entity692 (HA) cement patch as on-lay graft for skull base defects following en... | [
"@entity692"
] |
831 | 832 | 833 | Tumor XXXX expression and the risk of recurrence in @entity5 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity696",
"@entity5",
"@entity695",
"@entity406",
"@entity694",
"@entity34"
] | There is emerging evidence for the prognostic role of various microRNA (miRNA) molecules in @entity694 . The aim of this study was therefore to compare the miRNA profiles in the @entity5 of @entity1 with recurrent and non-recurrent @entity694 . The study population included 110 @entity1 , 51 (46%) with stage I and 59 (... | [
"@entity695"
] |
834 | 835 | 836 | Tumor @entity695 expression and the risk of recurrence in XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity696",
"@entity5",
"@entity695",
"@entity406",
"@entity694",
"@entity34"
] | There is emerging evidence for the prognostic role of various microRNA (miRNA) molecules in @entity694 . The aim of this study was therefore to compare the miRNA profiles in the @entity5 of @entity1 with recurrent and non-recurrent @entity694 . The study population included 110 @entity1 , 51 (46%) with stage I and 59 (... | [
"@entity5"
] |
837 | 838 | 839 | [ XXXX - clinical health-service research on the current surgical therapy].
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity32",
"@entity697",
"@entity698"
] | INTRODUCTION: With about 135,000 operations every year appendectomy is one of the most frequent surgical operations in Germany. @entity697 has shown changes in diagnosis and therapy with time. The status of the laparoscopic appendectomy has had to be redefined recently. The aim of this study was to make an analysis of ... | [
"@entity697"
] |
840 | 841 | 842 | Subclinical @entity699 and CT appearance in XXXX : a multicenter study from Southern Sweden.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity550",
"@entity101",
"@entity66",
"@entity700",
"@entity699",
"@entity619",
"@entity701"
] | Evaluation of subclinical @entity699 (SH) in @entity1 with @entity700 ( @entity700 ) including its correlation to size, attenuation at unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and unilateral or bilateral @entity550 . Nine hospitals in Southern Sweden investigated during 2005-2007 consecutively @entity1 with @entity700 with ... | [
"@entity700"
] |
843 | 844 | 845 | Subclinical XXXX and CT appearance in @entity700 : a multicenter study from Southern Sweden.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity550",
"@entity101",
"@entity66",
"@entity700",
"@entity699",
"@entity619",
"@entity701"
] | Evaluation of subclinical @entity699 (SH) in @entity1 with @entity700 ( @entity700 ) including its correlation to size, attenuation at unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and unilateral or bilateral @entity550 . Nine hospitals in Southern Sweden investigated during 2005-2007 consecutively @entity1 with @entity700 with ... | [
"@entity699"
] |
846 | 847 | 848 | 15-year experience with surgical XXXX : a comparison of @entity189 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity5",
"@entity420",
"@entity189"
] | BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to compare the outcomes of periampullary and extra-ampullary duodenal @entity420 and segmental duodenal resection versus pancreatoduodenectomy and to evaluate prognostic factors. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all adults treated for @entity420 by operative resection... | [
"@entity189"
] |
849 | 850 | 851 | 15-year experience with surgical @entity189 : a comparison of XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity5",
"@entity420",
"@entity189"
] | BACKGROUND: The aim of our study was to compare the outcomes of periampullary and extra-ampullary duodenal @entity420 and segmental duodenal resection versus pancreatoduodenectomy and to evaluate prognostic factors. METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of all adults treated for @entity420 by operative resection... | [
"@entity189"
] |
852 | 853 | 854 | @entity5 and reconstruction with XXXX mesh.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity511",
"@entity0",
"@entity704",
"@entity96",
"@entity5",
"@entity705",
"@entity706",
"@entity3",
"@entity702",
"@entity703"
] | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of @entity702 mesh reconstruction after @entity5 resection. METHODS: From January 2007 to January 2011, 14 @entity1 with sternal @entity5 were admitted into Peking Union Medical Hospital. The clinical characteristics, surgical resection, and technique of reconstruction were reviewed. RESU... | [
"@entity702"
] |
855 | 856 | 857 | XXXX and reconstruction with @entity702 mesh.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity511",
"@entity0",
"@entity704",
"@entity96",
"@entity5",
"@entity705",
"@entity706",
"@entity3",
"@entity702",
"@entity703"
] | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of @entity702 mesh reconstruction after @entity5 resection. METHODS: From January 2007 to January 2011, 14 @entity1 with sternal @entity5 were admitted into Peking Union Medical Hospital. The clinical characteristics, surgical resection, and technique of reconstruction were reviewed. RESU... | [
"@entity5"
] |
858 | 859 | 860 | Evidence for genetic heterogeneity in XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity707",
"@entity708",
"@entity1",
"@entity712",
"@entity714",
"@entity713",
"@entity384",
"@entity711",
"@entity709",
"@entity74",
"@entity715",
"@entity710"
] | @entity707 is a rare syndrome with @entity708 , @entity709 and @entity384 . The inheritance of the mutation is autosomal recessive. As a causal gene, the @entity710 gene (DSP) has so far been identified; it encodes an essential component of desmosomes, a cell-cell structure aimed at keeping cells attached to each other... | [
"@entity707"
] |
861 | 862 | 863 | Mental capacity to consent to treatment and admission decisions in older adult XXXX inpatients.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity308",
"@entity146",
"@entity303",
"@entity73",
"@entity716",
"@entity34"
] | OBJECTIVES: There is little information about older adult @entity146 inpatients' capacity to consent to clinical decisions. In younger adults, lack of capacity is associated with poor insight and @entity716 rather than @entity73 . We assessed the prevalence and predictors of mental capacity to make treatment and admiss... | [
"@entity146"
] |
864 | 865 | 866 | Work status and its determinants among XXXX with systemic sclerosis: a systematic review.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity717"
] | OBJECTIVE: To describe work status and factors associated with @entity717 ( @entity717 ) in @entity1 with SSc. METHODS: A systematic search strategy in various electronic databases from 1990 to 2011 was performed. All clinical studies concerning SSc @entity1 containing quantitative information on work status and/or fac... | [
"@entity1"
] |
867 | 868 | 869 | @entity718 inhibits collagen degradation by XXXX keratocytes by inhibiting the activation of pro-matrix metalloproteinases.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity95",
"@entity721",
"@entity720",
"@entity718",
"@entity719"
] | We investigated the inhibitory action of a synthetic peptidyl hydroxamate inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), @entity718 ( @entity718 ), on collagen degradation by @entity95 corneal stromal fibroblasts (keratocytes) cultured three-dimensionally in the type I collagen gel with medium containing @entity719 ( @en... | [
"@entity95"
] |
870 | 871 | 872 | XXXX inhibits collagen degradation by @entity95 keratocytes by inhibiting the activation of pro-matrix metalloproteinases.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity95",
"@entity721",
"@entity720",
"@entity718",
"@entity719"
] | We investigated the inhibitory action of a synthetic peptidyl hydroxamate inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), @entity718 ( @entity718 ), on collagen degradation by @entity95 corneal stromal fibroblasts (keratocytes) cultured three-dimensionally in the type I collagen gel with medium containing @entity719 ( @en... | [
"@entity718"
] |
873 | 874 | 875 | Inhibin subunit gene expression in XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity43",
"@entity724",
"@entity1",
"@entity722",
"@entity5",
"@entity723"
] | OBJECTIVE(S): @entity722 ( @entity722 ) and mucinous @entity43 are associated with elevated circulating levels of immunoreactive inhibin. Measurement of serum inhibin levels provides a useful @entity5 marker in the management of @entity43 . Inhibin is a dimeric ovarian glycoprotein hormone consisting of one alpha and o... | [
"@entity43"
] |
876 | 877 | 878 | Is thrombolysis of lower extremity acute XXXX cost-effective?
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity432",
"@entity63"
] | BACKGROUND: The TOPAS (thrombolysis or peripheral artery surgery) trial randomized 544 @entity1 with @entity63 to either surgery or thrombolysis. Although statistically equivalent 1-year morbidities and mortalities were demonstrated, the comparative cost-effectiveness of these two interventions has not been explored. M... | [
"@entity432"
] |
879 | 880 | 881 | Ophthalmic artery Doppler waveform changes associated with increased damage in XXXX @entity1 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity725",
"@entity227",
"@entity455",
"@entity726",
"@entity432"
] | PURPOSE: To characterize Doppler waveform variables (early systolic acceleration [ESA] and systolic/diastolic mean velocity ratios [Sm/Dm]) of the @entity432 ( @entity432 ) by color Doppler imaging (CDI) in eyes with @entity725 ( @entity725 ). METHODS: Analysis of CDI examinations of the retrobulbar circulation of @ent... | [
"@entity726"
] |
882 | 883 | 884 | Ophthalmic artery Doppler waveform changes associated with increased damage in @entity726 XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity725",
"@entity227",
"@entity455",
"@entity726",
"@entity432"
] | PURPOSE: To characterize Doppler waveform variables (early systolic acceleration [ESA] and systolic/diastolic mean velocity ratios [Sm/Dm]) of the @entity432 ( @entity432 ) by color Doppler imaging (CDI) in eyes with @entity725 ( @entity725 ). METHODS: Analysis of CDI examinations of the retrobulbar circulation of @ent... | [
"@entity1"
] |
885 | 886 | 887 | Differential expression of @entity727 gene in XXXX .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity5",
"@entity219",
"@entity727",
"@entity728",
"@entity356"
] | @entity356 accounts for 8% of the total @entity5 cases and 10% of total @entity5 deaths worldwide. In Iran, @entity356 is the leading cause of national @entity5 -related mortality. Most @entity1 @entity5 show substantial heterogeneity. The @entity5 stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has been proposed to reconcile this heteroge... | [
"@entity356"
] |
888 | 889 | 890 | Differential expression of XXXX gene in @entity356 .
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity5",
"@entity219",
"@entity727",
"@entity728",
"@entity356"
] | @entity356 accounts for 8% of the total @entity5 cases and 10% of total @entity5 deaths worldwide. In Iran, @entity356 is the leading cause of national @entity5 -related mortality. Most @entity1 @entity5 show substantial heterogeneity. The @entity5 stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has been proposed to reconcile this heteroge... | [
"@entity727"
] |
891 | 892 | 893 | Coronary and aortic XXXX in @entity1 new to dialysis.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity8",
"@entity455",
"@entity6",
"@entity731",
"@entity730",
"@entity729",
"@entity453",
"@entity340",
"@entity65",
"@entity454"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity729 has been associated with all cause and @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ). Whether @entity729 is present in @entity1 with advanced chronic @entity8 starting dialysis or develops in @entity1 on dialysis is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of vascul... | [
"@entity730"
] |
894 | 895 | 896 | Coronary and aortic @entity730 in XXXX new to dialysis.
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity8",
"@entity455",
"@entity6",
"@entity731",
"@entity730",
"@entity729",
"@entity453",
"@entity340",
"@entity65",
"@entity454"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity729 has been associated with all cause and @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity454 ( @entity454 ). Whether @entity729 is present in @entity1 with advanced chronic @entity8 starting dialysis or develops in @entity1 on dialysis is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of vascul... | [
"@entity1"
] |
897 | 898 | 899 | [ @entity432 in XXXX ].
| multiple_choice | [
"@entity1",
"@entity735",
"@entity733",
"@entity432",
"@entity47",
"@entity732",
"@entity340",
"@entity166",
"@entity734"
] | BACKGROUND: @entity166 can @entity732 . Which therapy is indicated? RESULTS: A 33-year-old @entity1 suddenly became blind in his left eye as the result of a @entity732 ( @entity732 ). This occurred during high-dosage treatment for @entity166 that had been diagnosed 3 weeks earlier. The echocardiogram showed distinct @e... | [
"@entity166"
] |
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