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for a certain period of time. In my own case, which is only one of numerous cases, in March or April -- in April 1943, I was to be sent to Auschwitz to be gassed. Some of my friends, who were in very close contact with the illegal camp administration, immediately went to it, two men in the prisoners' hospital who belon... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 360,000 | 360,500 |
security director of Salzburg, Dr. Bichiny. The people were gassed at Bernburg. Their property, including their false teeth and the pieces of bread which they had in their pockets, after six or eight hours came back in the trucks that the people had been taken away in, came back to Buchenwald. The program 14F 13was car... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 360,450 | 360,950 |
the Concentration Camp Buchenwald about on the 16th of April 1945, I was given carbon copies of an exchange of letters which Dr. Hoven had with the chief physician of the so-called mental institution in Bernburg, a certain Dr. Eberl. This correspondence shows clearly that Dr. Hoven was connected with this action. In wh... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 360,900 | 361,400 |
A.That too happened. Artists were given orders, assignments, to work for Dr. Hoven. Sometimes they were people whom Dr. Hoven had saved from death transports who tried to foresee all the wishes that Dr. Hoven had. In other words, he himself expressed such wishes constantly and all possible advantages were given him by ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 361,350 | 361,850 |
for Dr. Ding a few weeks, tried to help these comrades. Two of them who were Polish doctors, I knew very well. We tried to save them. It was a matter of hours and then two doctors, Dr. Hoven and Dr. Ding, were not there but were expected back at the camp. No one could get to them except me. When the two doctors came to... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 361,800 | 362,300 |
Koch from Buchenwald had Syphilis. He would not let himself be treated by the SS doctors, but prisoners from the prisoners' hospital treated him. They were not doctors themselves and acquired their medical knowledge only in the prisoners' hospital. One of them was an iron worker before. They treated him so that he was ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 362,250 | 362,750 |
TB Station, sometimes not even the SS doctors. QWere these tuberculosis patients killed right at the camp or were they included in an invalid transport and shipped elsewhere for extermination? AIn the camp itself. QWere non-German nationals included among those inmated killed? AThere was no distinction. MR. McHANEY:I h... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 362,700 | 363,200 |
required investigation? A.The description "Department for Typhus and Virus Research" was an internal SS description. The agencies which wanted to have their vaccines tested, no matter if they were being developed or if they had already been perfected, never turned to the Department of Typhus and Virus Research at Buche... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 363,150 | 363,650 |
this? ANo. QThen how do you know that this was a shipment of infected lice from Cracow? AI know that from two different sources. The first source consisted of my political friends in the prisoner's hospital who were there at the time the experiments were carried out and who on their own part had the closest contact wit... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 363,600 | 364,100 |
effort to undertake to shake his memory, that the excerpt from the diary be read aloud and not paraphrased in the language of the attorney. Also it would be helpful to the Prosecution if we are given the date of the entry so that we can also follow the cross examination. THE PRESIDENT:The objection by counsel of the Pr... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 364,050 | 364,550 |
which was highly recommended to him by Posen. He passed on this recommendation and effected the use of the vaccine but since it was a completely different type of vaccine than had been heretofore used, the actual vaccine exports opposed it, but Professor Rose did not participate in this altercation. Then when the sourc... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 364,500 | 365,000 |
produce typhus vaccine. Is that correct? AYes. QI must point out to you that Dr. Ding, as early as the end of 1941? was at the Robert Koch Institute. He was ordered there in order to study Gildemeister's method for the production of typhus vaccine. Do you know about that? AYes. QBut, if at the end of 1942? or at the be... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 364,950 | 365,450 |
Dr. Ding so he theoretically would become acquainted with the question of producing the vaccine. QYou just said that Dr. Ding, when you were to write his life history, gave you his diary. The Prosecution, yesterday, shaved you a diary. Is this the diary which you just mentioned, or was that another one. AThere is a str... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 365,400 | 365,900 |
the Waffen-SS, SS-Gruppenfuehrer and Major General (Generalleutnant) of the Wafen-SS, Dr. Genzken, the hitherto existing spotted fever research station at the concentration camp Buchenwald becomes the Department for Spotted Fever and Virus Research." Is that correct. AThat is correct. QThis shows up to that date the se... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 365,850 | 366,350 |
The diary if it had been destined for Berlin or any other SS authorities, it would have had to bear the title which all reports to Berlin had to bear. I therefore consider it possible that Dr. Ding, as I have already emphasized, may have had the first page re-written with a new title. QWitness, you were just speaking o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 366,300 | 366,800 |
It was not a private diary of Dr. Ding-Schuler. Whenever we had some correspondence with Berlin and the description, and secret diary number so and so, was placed at the upper left corner of the letter, then the reference referred, at all times, to the so-called postal diary. The mail, which arrived and which left, was... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 366,750 | 367,250 |
alone, in view of the fact that from time to time it went to Block 50, would it not have to have the notation secret? AIt would not have had to have top secret, because it was only Dr. Ding-Schuler who could bring it personally from block 46 to Block 50 and he was very, very careful. He only gave it to me for one hour ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 367,200 | 367,700 |
from hear-say, from third parties. AI must state that I have never even been present in a single experiment, with the exception of the horticulture experiments, I was not in Block 46 as a spectator or as a participant. In this respect, I have always been connected with these things through Dr. Ding-Schuler or through a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 367,650 | 368,150 |
QYou will also find, Witness, on Page 5, the heading "Official Trips" under Roman Numeral IV, "Official trips by head of the Department for Spotted Fever and Virus Research," and you will find under this heading a single conference with Mrugowsky in Berlin; on Page 6, at the top, from the 29th of September to the 4th o... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 368,100 | 368,600 |
may point out to you that in this work report comparative discussions and trips of comparatively less importance are entered. AThe trips which Dr. Ding took to Berlin, especially after he got oral instructions and for his experiments would have been extremely important. QBut I hear from you that you did not write this ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 368,550 | 369,050 |
report? AYes. QThen he really should have put special value on it and you, who were his adviser, would have urged him that it was important to include the trips to Berlin in the work report so that you would be able to prove when and on what occasions he received his orders for the experiments? AI have not always adv**... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 369,000 | 369,500 |
I took a bundle of records out of the bag and that I saw the diary lying there and that I also took it. These other records were in part, fever charts, and sickness charts and correspondence which I looked over later on. QWhat has happened to these records? AI have turned all these records -- just like the diary -I hav... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 369,450 | 369,950 |
Grawitz? AI do not know any case of that kind. QDo you know Grawitz personally or only by name? AI only know him by name. QWas Grawitz never in Buchenwald? AI have already emphasized that I do not know exactly if Gruppenfuehrer Genzken or Gruppenfuehrer Grawitz made that particular visit at Buchenwald in the year 1943.... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 369,900 | 370,400 |
it please your honors, the defendants are all present in the courtroom. THE PRESIDENT:The Secretary-General will note for the record the presence of all the defendants in the court. Counsel may proceed with the cross-examination. DR. EUGEN KOGON (Resumed) CROSS-EXAMINATION (Continued) BY MR:FLEMMING (Counsel for the de... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 370,350 | 370,850 |
of the SS Chief Leadership Department and only in parts to the SS Chief Administrative Department in Berlin. The SS Chief Administrative Department was the central department of the entire administration of the SS. In this central department there was also Department D which was administering concentration camps. Mrugo... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 370,800 | 371,300 |
Dr. Reichelt? A.Yes, if you arc referring to the Air Force Medical Officer, Dr. Reiche that is. Q.I mean that Dr. Reichelt who was Dr. Ding's deputy in Block 50. A.Yes. That is right. Q.Do you know his present whereabouts? A.He is living at Gaberndorf near Weimar. Q.What is the name of the village? A.Gaberndorf near We... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 371,250 | 371,750 |
is only customary amongst criminals. Dr. Ding loved his family, love his wife and loved his two children. He looked after them in the best possible manner, but he also had different relations, and, in my opinion, he would have been perfectly capable of leaving that family behind had the, possibility arisen for him pers... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 371,700 | 372,200 |
the microscope. It is difficult to ascertain which shape would make certain that you are concerned with the cause -- with the germ of the Rickettsia typhus. This fact enabled us to go the way we went. When Dr. Ludwig Fleck came to Block 50 at Buchenwald, he said in his capacity as a strict scientist after the first con... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 372,150 | 372,650 |
liters of vaccine which he was able to send to Berlin he was happy. He was hardly concerned during the latter period with the vaccination of the SS troops, and that these people might, nevertheless, fall ill in Russia suffering not only from typhus, something which is always a possibility, but die, in spite of the vacc... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 372,600 | 373,100 |
four prisoners. Doctor Ding merely said that such an experiment or similar experiment had taken place in his presence at Sachsenhausen. Q.I am not at the moment speaking of Sachsenhausen, I am speaking of Buchenwald. A.Yes, in Buchenwald there were four prisoners. Q.Witness, do you want to say that Doctor Ding told you... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 373,050 | 373,550 |
presence called Schobert by telephone and told him, "Maxie, you've got to come down right away." Q.Did Dr. Ding not tell you later what sort of poison you were concerned with? A.No. Q.Was there a report to the Reich Criminal Police Department about this experiment? A.Not through my hands. Q.You, Witness, stated yesterd... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 373,500 | 374,000 |
Ding, could judge it. The situation therefore appears to be this-- Ellenbeck came to Mrugowsky with a number of suggested changes of initiative, which Mrugowsky approved. The so-called guest laboratory in Block 50 was installed, not by any means the only place and activity for Sturmbannfuehrer Dr. Ellenbeck. Q.Witness,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 373,950 | 374,450 |
habit at this time and just as it was his endeavor at that particular stage not to do anything without the knowledge of or, if possible, the approval of Mrugowsky. Q.Yesterday, Witness, you referred to the vaccine produced at the Robert Koch Institute and you described to us the Cox-Gildemeister Haagen vaccine; it that... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 374,400 | 374,900 |
kept? A. No. Q. Would you please look at the diary entry for the 23rd of March 1943? A. May I ask you to tell me the page? You mean German document Page 44? Q. That is right. MR. McHANEY:Page 44 in the English document book, Your Honors. BY DR. FLEMING: Q. Conference between SS Sturmbahnfuehrer Bernewald, SS Sturmbahnf... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 374,850 | 375,350 |
There was no stage during these negotiations which I didn't trace back right to the very beginning of it. Q.You therefore know the negotiations, regarding the beginning of the negotiations, only by hearsay? A.From the conversations of all persons concerned with the exception of Sturmbahnfuehrer Bernewald. Q.Yesterday, ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 375,300 | 375,800 |
Q.Witness, according to your testimony it has become certain that there were two different types of typhus stations operating at Buchenwald: a) the experimental station or clinical station at Block 46, and b) the production station in Block 50. Is that correct? A.The vaccine production station in Block 50, yes, that is... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 375,750 | 376,250 |
6 of Ding's diary -- then you will find an entry of January 9, 1943, and there it says that the name of the experimental station was changed from Typhus Experimental Station, Buchenwald, to Department for Typhus and Virus Research. You yourself admittedly didn't get there until April 1943 but, nevertheless, are you abl... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 376,200 | 376,700 |
very much. I have no further questions. DR.DUERR (Assistant for Defendant Poppendick's defense counsel): Q.Witness, did you see Defendant Poppendick in the camp during your stay at Concentration Camp Buchenwald at any time? A.No. Q.Did you know him personally? A.No. Q.Yesterday you were talking about typhus experiments... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 376,650 | 377,150 |
Leader von Woersch, I cannot remember having carried on a correspondence with the Experimental Station V, or, as we were calling it, (Roman Numeral Five) V, or ever having bean directly in touch with it, in fact? Otherwise I would very probably know the exact address. Q.Do you know whether Defendant Poppendick was mere... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 377,100 | 377,600 |
one of 1942, was designated in that manner. Q.Doctor, I am not referring to the individual transports but what I mean there were two orders with reference to 14F 13, one of then from, the month of May to July, 1941, and then there was a second order issued by Himmler in the year 1942. Do you knew that? AYes. QDo you kn... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 377,550 | 378,050 |
describe to the Tribunal what measures or counter measures were taken and when it was prevented that all Jews were delivered for these transports? AI can say the following in that connection; we did our best to see that 210 Jews, who were for many years in the concentration camp Buckenwald and who made many friends in ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 378,000 | 378,500 |
Lolling and that he had him prepare a work about anthropological measurements in order to be able to strike these Jews from the lists? A.I don't know this fact. However, I do know that Dr. Hoven selected a certain number of these Jews and safeguarded them especially by keeping them either the limits of the inmate hospi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 378,450 | 378,950 |
him away from the jurisdiction of the SS Court. Dr. Whener was one of the protectors of Dr. Hoven. Ding, as well as a number of inmates who were in contact with the members of the SS Court, told me what means were used in this trial. QDoctor, please let me interrupt you, but this trial does not really interest us here,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 378,900 | 379,400 |
administration from that moment on was made impossible as far as the office was concerned, and this in practice meant that the entire illegal apparatus was laid lame to at least twenty-five percent. For many weeks there reigned a terror in the concentration camp of Buchenwald, especially when Kuschnia Kuschnarev was se... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 379,350 | 379,850 |
the United Nations? AAccording to what we know from him and from the files of the Political Department through our illegal spying system, he was not a member of the United and Allied Nations. QWould further inmates, especially members of the Allied Nations or rather would many of such members of the Allied Nations have... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 379,800 | 380,300 |
Polish prisoners who were killed. Doctor Hoven, I cannot say with certainty both matters are possible. There are, however, living political prisoners of the former Concentration Camp Buchenwald, who actually present during the killings, and who were either in the same room or in an adjoining room, and who could give th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 380,250 | 380,750 |
promoted him as leader of the hospital in Wernigerode? AI know that Doctor Mariam Chiepielowsky became the leader of the hospital in Wernigerode because of his position in the hospital in Buchenwald. That was not possible without a formal approval of Doctor Hoven. I think it is quite probable that some men of the hospi... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 380,700 | 381,200 |
Block 46. Is it correct that in this Block 46 the carpenters' and * shoemakers' shop was installed? A.In Block 46 there was an illegal, small but very effective, tailer and shoemakers' shop, too, which had been installed for Dr. Ding and Dr. Hoven; that is to say, naturally without knowledge on the part of the SS admin... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 381,150 | 381,650 |
longer than seven minutes? DR. FROESCHMANN:Mr. President, I have only a very few questions. I should think five minutes would suffice. CROSS EXAMINATION BY DR. FROESCHMANN: Q.Witness, you had just talked about the action in May to July, 1941, which had taken place and which could be traced back to a Himmler order; is t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 381,600 | 382,100 |
morning in your interrogation you have mentioned a Luftwaffe physician, Dr. Reichelt Will you please tell the Tribunal when Dr. Reichelt appeared for the first time at Block 50 at Buchenwald? A.As far as I can remember approximately April or May 1944. Q.What rank did Dr. Reichelt hold at that time as far as you can rem... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 382,050 | 382,550 |
subjects in the homosexual experiments or did they transplant artificial glands? A.In the case of the homosexual operations they were carried out, if Pf**************** an properly informed, by operation of various types. In many cases artificial synthetic glands were transplanted. The former first mentioned operations... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 382,500 | 383,000 |
opportunity, and for that reason we wold like at this time to call Gerog Hirtz to the stand. THE PRESIDENT:The Marshal will summon the witness Georg Hirtz to the stand. MR. HARDY:This witness is a French citizen, Your Honor, but he will testify in German. GEORGHIRTZ, a witness, took the stand and testified as follows; ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 382,950 | 383,450 |
of any crimes, witness? A.No, never. Q.When were you arrested by the Gestapo? A.On the 11th of May, 1943. Q.Will you tell the Tribunal the circumstances of your arrest? A.The charge against me stated because of decomposing the German military strength and of the attempt to escape. Q.After you were placed under arrest b... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 383,400 | 383,900 |
were likewise present at the formation. The camp leader, his deputy, Adler, and I were given the usual Robert Koch Institute produced vaccine, and we were innoculated with this vaccine. The 20 to 25 Poles, on the other hand, were injected in the chest muscles with a yellow-grayish liquid, which the physicians had broug... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 383,850 | 384,350 |
symptoms were found, and from that moment on I was unable to follow the experiment any further because I was relieved of my duty as a nurse and was sent to punitive company. QDoctor, you cared for these Poles and took their temperatures three times a day. Now, as a result of caring for these Poles and taking their temp... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 384,300 | 384,800 |
know that as long as I was present at the experiment -- and I was unable to see the end -- there were only those two fatalities. Q.You have stated that these experimental subject suffered from agitation for about five or six days after the vaccination, speech disorders, stammering and feelings of anxiety appeared. Now,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 384,750 | 385,250 |
not he knows whether they had any connection with any of the defendants in the dock. EXAMINATION BY MR. HcHANEY: Q.Witness, will you tell the Tribunal who conducted these typhus experiments at the Schirmeck Concentration Camp. A.As I have already told you, there were Luftwaffen Oberstabsarzt Haagen, the Luftwaffen Ober... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 385,200 | 385,700 |
In or about December 1943 and in or about October 1944, experiments were conducted at the Buchewald Concentration Camp to investigate the effect of various poisons upon human beings. The poisons were secretly administered to experimental subjects in their food. The victims died as a result of the poison or were killed ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 385,650 | 386,150 |
The projectiles in question were of a 7.65 millimeter caliber filled with crystallized poison. The experimental subjects, in a lying position, were each shot in the upper part of the left thigh. The thighs of two of them were cleanly shot through. Even afterwards, no effect of the poison was to be observed. These two e... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 386,100 | 386,600 |
maximum, and the condemned lay motionless. Masseter spasms and urination were observed in one case. Death occurred 121, 123 and 129 minutes after entry of the projectile. "Summary: The projectiles filled with approximately 38 milligrams of Aconitin nitrate in solid form had, in spite of only insignificant injuries, a d... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 386,550 | 387,050 |
to be cleared, that then we have pretty directly implicated him in the whole scope of the program and in that connection I would like to remind the Tribunal of one of the documents which went in under the Mustard Gas Experiments, one of the letters in 1944 where I think 6 persons were being requested for experimentatio... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 387,000 | 387,500 |
given in potato salad. Of the 40 persons, 7 get sick slightly, 23 medium. Furthermore, there were 6 ambulatory cases. 4 persons did not show any symptoms." "28 July 43: "Charts of case history completed of the series 'Otrhomin' and sent to Berlin." "5 August 43: "Charts and case history completed of the control series ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 387,450 | 387,950 |
bomb and also on the forearms of human beings. The testimony of Hegen and the entries in the Ding diary constitute the proof of the Prosecution on the charge in count six of the Indictment and consequently fulfill count 11 of the Indictment. This entry of the diary reads as follows: "19 Nov. 43 23 Nov. 43: "Phosphorus ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 387,900 | 388,400 |
their seats. You will all rise. (The judges of the Tribunal enter) THE DEPUTY MARSHAL:MILITARY TRIBUNAL NO. 1 is again in session. MR. McHANEY:I continue with the presentation of the DING diary, and we are now up to the entry of 8 March 44 to 18 March 44, appearing on page 49 of the English Document Book: Spotted fever... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 388,350 | 388,850 |
whole blood plasma was administered to them. "19 June 44: "Test protocol sent to the highest authority of the Reich medical officer of the SS and police, Berlin. Ding Spotted fever vaccine experimental series IX 17 July 44 27 Jul 44: The spotted fever vaccine "Weimar"m produced by the department for spotted fever and v... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 388,800 | 389,300 |
fresh blood. "All persons fell sick as follows: Series A: 10 serious, Series B: 1 medium, 9 serious, Control: 5 serious. "22 December 44: The experimental series was concluded. "2 January 45: Chart and case history completed. 19 deaths (9 Series A. 6 series B, 4 control,)" that highly successful experimental series ord... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 389,250 | 389,750 |
the English Document Book under the date entry of 10 January 1943 a very large number of people were experimented on with yellow fever. The results of this experiment are not stated in the diary, the notation being at the end of the entry: "Production abandoned because of Military situation." Of course, that they were ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 389,700 | 390,200 |
be sworn, repeating after me: I swear by God, the Almighty and Omniscient, that I will speak the pure truth and will withhold and add nothing. (The witness repeated the oath.) JUDGE SEBRING: You may be seated. DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. HARDY: Q.Witness, your name is Fritz Kirchheimer, is it not? A.Yes. Q.Your last name... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 390,150 | 390,650 |
1945, witness? A.From the 11th of April, 1945, I was liberated by the Americans in Buchenwald. Q.Therefore, you were an inmate of the Buchenwald Concentration Camp for a period of time exceeding six years, witness? A.Yes. Q.Now, witness, when you arrived at the Buchenwald Concentration Camp, what was your first duty? A... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 390,600 | 391,100 |
rubber bands to their legs; is that correct? AYes. QDid you ever see any inmates being infected by any method other than with lice, witness? AYes. QWhat method was that? AThey were injected in the upper arm. QWhat were they injected with, witness? AThey were injected with typhus, typhus culture. QDid you ever witness a... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 391,050 | 391,550 |
data from the inmates; therefore, could you tell the Tribunal whether or not any Polish people were used in these experiments? AEvery sort of prisoner was used for these experiments. QThat is, all nationalities, witness? AAll nationalities. QNow, witness, were political prisoners used for these experiments, from your k... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 391,500 | 392,000 |
know. QDid you see him yourself on any of the visits to Block 46? AI did not really sue him in Block 46. QWhere did you see him, witness? AIn block 50. QWhat was the occasion when you saw him? Did he come to your office, or where you wore stationed, or did you happen to see him casually, or under what circumstances? AA... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 391,950 | 392,450 |
the patients, but not always in the prescribed period when it should have been necessary. QYou were speaking about yellow fever experiments, witness. AYes. QAfter the vaccinations, did any persons receive yellow fever? AYes, some of them became ill. The yellow fever experiments, as was told me by Capo Arthur Dictsch an... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 392,400 | 392,900 |
of law. The Tribunal has considered the written stipulation signed by representatives of the prosecution's staff and by representatives of counsel for the defendants and desires the following order in connection with the subject matter thereof: First, it is ordered by Military Tribunal 1 that the rule heretofore promul... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 392,850 | 393,350 |
concerning conditions to be complied with in that specific instance. Finally, it is further ordered by Military Tribunal 1 that the foregoing rule as adopted and announced by the Tribunal be incorporated in the minute book and in the journal of Military Tribunal 1, and that copies thereof, together with correct transla... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 393,300 | 393,800 |
few men, amongst them I, knew of the pain which these people experienced. Q.Witness, you probably are mixing up something. Lice was sent on two occasions. Please take a look at this deary. A.I was only once present when these lice were used. Q.And what you have told me up to now only referred to an incident, with lice,... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 393,750 | 394,250 |
can remember that about six persons had already received these lice. Q.Weren't there a little more? Wasn't it the case that there were two rows of people, that there were two rows of chairs where the inmates were sitting, and one row had already been finished with, and then the Capo Dietsch had already arrived at the s... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 394,200 | 394,700 |
only visited the hospital ward on two occasions. A. Yes. I only saw him visit the ward on two occasions. Q. And now will you please tell the High Tribunal how long you were in Block 46? A. I remained in Block 46 until the beginning of 1943, and I was then transferred to Block 50, that is, Spring, 43. At that time Block... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 394,650 | 395,150 |
of this witness by the Prosecution? RE-DIRECT EXAMINATION BY MR. HARDY: QNow, witness, you have stated to the defense counsel's question, if Dr. Hoven had personally administered any injections in Block 46, and your answer was, "No, he did not himself." Now do you know whether or not Dr. Hoven ever issued any of the or... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 395,100 | 395,600 |
initiated any action to prevent or to sabotage the typhus experiments in Block 46? AAccording to my knowledge, no. QNow, witness, the defense counsel for the defendant Hoven is trying to present a picture of Hoven as a Sir Galahad in Buchenwald, saving and doing good for political prisoners, and doing no wrong. Is that... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 395,550 | 396,050 |
of administrative matters. Q.Thank you. I have no further questions. MR. HARDY:The prosecution has no further questions to put to this witness, your Honor. THE PRESIDENT:The prosecution will proceed. The witness is excused. MR. MC HANEY:If the Tribunal please, we have several more documents to put in with respect to th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 396,000 | 396,500 |
this affidavit; first, because it corroborates what the witness testified to here, and as a matter of fact, Kogon mentioned the name of Balachowski as being on of the people who worked with him in Block 50; and also, I think it adds to the weight of the prosecution's case. It's quite true, and revealed on the face of t... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 396,450 | 396,950 |
1 May 1944 in order to work in block 50 (Hygiene-Institut der Waffen-SS), on the production of the vaccine against exanthematous typhus for the German army. "Liberated at Buchenwald camp on 11 April 1945 at 1600 hours by the U.S. Army (Patton). Repatriated to France on 24 April 1945. "1. Functioning of block 50 and 46;... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 396,900 | 397,400 |
to be reported to the V.S. No. 5 in Leipzig, which subsequently arranged for their execution, ont only in block 46 of Buchenwald camp, but also in similar blocks which existed in other camps (Belsen, Struthoff, Auschwitz, Dachau, etc.). An Inspector was specially assigned to the supervising of all this work. It was SS-... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 397,350 | 397,850 |
mission to the Pasteur Institute in Paris (service of Dr. Giroud), in order to study there the new methods for producing vaccine against exanthematous typhus out of rabbit lungs (so-called Giroud method.). "13. Having returned to Buchenwald in October 1941, the SS man Schuler takes charge of block 41 (at the time), and... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 397,800 | 398,300 |
to commit sabotage of the production with a very laudable cold-bloodedness and efficiency. On the other hand, he exerted his authority in order to protect as far as possible the internees, to limit the executions, to nullify the experiments, to falsify the results, and always proved himself to be a very jolly comrade. ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 398,250 | 398,750 |
of typhus. The production of anti-typhoid vaccine made use of cultures consisting of infected human blood with which the animals (Guinea pigs, mice, rabbits) were innoculated and whose organs (marrow, lungs) were then collected for production purposes." It reads "anti-typhoid"; it obviously should read "anti-typhus". "... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 398,700 | 399,200 |
various vaccines mentioned before and at variable doses. 15 days after the last vaccine injection, all subjects were inoculated with typhoid" -- that should be typhus -- "by 1 cubic centimetre of blood in intravenous injections; this blood came out of the culture carriers, under the usual conditions. "34. From the 10th... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 399,150 | 399,650 |
- 19 dead).There was only 1 single survivor, who probably has been murdered. The agglutination percentages have been observed from day to day by my comrade, Dr. Rene MORAT, who gave me all informations on the subject. $43. TYPHUS CHEMOTHERAPY. Experiments concerning the chemical reaction of certain substances, in order... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 399,600 | 400,100 |
it reads up on the top: "exanthem 18 marmoreal like resemblance of both thighs 19th-22nd exudation of the exanthem, lentil sized rosoolos on the 23th exanthem hemmorrhagic eyes 18th heavy conjunctivitis, eyelids swollen. From 23rd hare's eyes tongue 18th greyish white coating, edges free, point reddened, on 21st epista... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 400,050 | 400,550 |
work any more since my mother was ill, and then I went to the HYGENIC Institute in Strassbourg, in 1942, in February; I worked there under Prof. Haagan. In my work there, I was in charge of the seriological - bacteriological course of the students; independently, alone. Q.And what sort of work did you do with Prof. Haa... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 400,500 | 401,000 |
to Schirmeck? AYes. Q.Now witness, you have told us about the experiments at Schirmeck. Do you know of any other experiments on concentration camp inmated by Dr. Haagen? AYes. QWill you please tell us about these? AAt the end of 1943 I saw a letter which Professor Haagen wrote to an SS office through Professor Dr. Hirt... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 400,950 | 401,450 |
a large part of them are apparently afflicted with maladies which make them unsuitable for these experiments. A long period of rest and of good nourishment would not alter this fact. "I request, therefore, that you send me 100 prisoners of age between 20 to 40 years, who are healthy and who are so constituted physicall... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 401,400 | 401,900 |
these experiments were carried out in the Natzweiler Camp? A.As far as I recall, these experiments must have been especially in the spring of 1944 but it is possible that they began the end of 1943. I cannot say exactly. In any case I know that when I saw Crodel's notes it was spring or summer, I know that the sun was ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 401,850 | 402,350 |
A.I believe Professor Haagen spoke of Generalarzt or Generaloberarzt, I don't remember exactly. I don't know the German titles well enough. Q.Now, do you know whether a general of the Luftwaffe, other than Rose ever visited Haagen in Strassbourg? A.One day when I was in charge of the serological course I was told to ke... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 402,300 | 402,800 |
wore the uniform of a Luftwaffe officer? A.I do not remember that. I remember the name, but whether that was the one in the Luftwaffe or not, I don't know anymore. Q.Do you know the name Wimmer? A. ADr. Wimmer? Q.And he was an assistant to Professor Hirt? A.As far as I know, yes. Q.Did you ever hear or do you know anyt... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 402,750 | 403,250 |
you know whether the medical chief was accompanied by an adjutant? A.I believe so. Q.How long, according to your recollection, did this visit last? A.At least two hours, possibly three. Q.Was Professor Schroeder along together with Professor Haagen? A.Of that I have no knowledge. Q.Now, I should like to ask you with re... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 403,200 | 403,700 |
questions? A.No, not at all. Q.Do these names mean anything to you? A.No. Q.Genzken, Buchner, Hubert, Kalk? A.No, nothing. Q.You read nothing about them? A.No, nothing. Q.Where exactly did Professor Haagen work in the institute; in what institute did he work in the University of Strassbourg? A.He was professor at the H... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 403,650 | 404,150 |
was asking you whether, when dealing with the research of this vaccine, the main problem consisted in the reaction and vulnerability of the human being? AThe reaction. QAnother subject; can you tell me, Witness, when the Hygiene Institute of the University of Strasbourg was damaged by bombs? AOn the 25th of September, ... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 404,100 | 404,600 |
experimentation on the effectiveness of spotted fever vaccines. Obergruppenfuehrer Oswald Pohl, Chief of the WVHA, had requested the number of prisoners sent to the Natzweiler Concentration Camp and the experiments were conducted by Dr. Haagen there. "4. Again in the Summer of 1944, Haagen obtained 200 additional priso... | Harvard: Medical Case (Karl Brandt et al.) | 404,550 | 405,050 |
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