pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
17,309,073 | Does iL-23 receptor ( IL-23R ) gene protect against pediatric Crohn 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"The IL-23 receptor (IL-23R) has been found to be associated with small bowel Crohn's disease (CD) in a whole genome association study. Specifically, the rare allele of the R381Q single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) conferred protection against CD. It is unknown whether IL-23R is associated with I... | The protective IL-23R R381Q variant was particularly associated with CD in non-Jewish children. Thus, the initial whole genome association study based on ileal CD in adults has been extended to the pediatric population and beyond small bowel CD. | yes |
17,311,099 | Does occipital proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1H-MRS ) reveal normal metabolite concentrations in retinal visual field defects? | {
"contexts": [
"Progressive visual field defects, such as age-related macular degeneration and glaucoma, prevent normal stimulation of visual cortex. We investigated whether in the case of visual field defects, concentrations of metabolites such as N-acetylaspartate (NAA), a marker for degenerative processes, ar... | We conclude that progressive retinal visual field defects do not affect metabolite concentration in visual brain areas suggesting that there is no ongoing occipital degeneration. We discuss the possibility that metabolite change is too slow to be detectable. | yes |
17,325,654 | Does fTY720 suppress interleukin-1beta-induced secretory phospholipase A2 expression in renal mesangial cells by a transcriptional mechanism? | {
"contexts": [
"FTY720 is a potent immunomodulatory prodrug that is converted to its active phosphorylated form by a sphingosine kinase. Here we have studied whether FTY720 mimicked the action of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and exerted an anti-inflammatory potential in renal mesangial cells.",
"Prostagland... | In summary, our data show that FTY720 was able to mimic the anti-inflammatory activity of TGFbeta and blocked cytokine-triggered sPLA(2) expression and subsequent PGE(2) formation. Thus, FTY720 may exert additional in vivo effects besides the well reported immunomodulation and its anti-inflammatory potential should be ... | yes |
17,303,142 | Does prostacyclin synthase gene transfer inhibit neointimal formation by suppressing PPAR delta expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Prostacyclin (PGI(2)) is a potent ligand of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR delta) that regulates cell growth and differentiation. The aim of this study was to elucidate how endogenous PGI(2) overexpression affects the expressions of PPAR delta and mitogen-activated protein... | Ad-PGIS gene transfer reduced PPAR delta expression and inhibited neointimal formation after balloon injury in accordance with the reduction in the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. | yes |
17,324,405 | Does a functional polymorphism of toll-like receptor 4 gene increase risk of gastric carcinoma and its precursors? | {
"contexts": [
"TLR4 is a cell-surface signaling receptor involved in the recognition and host response to Helicobacter pylori. The TLR4+896A>G polymorphism linked with impaired reactivity to bacterial lipopolysaccharide may play a role in gastric carcinogenesis.",
"We assessed associations with premalignant... | Our data suggest that the TLR4+896A>G polymorphism is a risk factor for noncardia gastric carcinoma and its precursors. The findings underscore the role of the host innate immune response in outcome of H pylori infection. | yes |
17,324,403 | Is obesity associated with increased transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity has been associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its complication, but the mechanism is unclear. We evaluated the association between obesity and function of lower esophageal sphincter (LOS) in subjects without GERD.",
"We prospectively recruited consecutive obese (... | Obesity is associated with increased TLOSR and acid reflux during the postprandial period in subjects without GERD. Abnormal postprandial LOS function may be an early event in the pathogenesis of obesity-related GERD. | yes |
17,324,402 | Does cD40-CD40 ligand mediate the recruitment of leukocytes and platelets in the inflamed murine colon? | {
"contexts": [
"Although the CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, the nature of its contribution to intestinal inflammation remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether CD40-... | These findings implicate CD40-CD40L in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced intestinal inflammation, and suggest that modulation of leukocyte and platelet recruitment by activated, CD40-positive endothelial cells in colonic venules may represent a major action of this signaling pathway. | yes |
17,322,134 | Do mastery and neuroticism predict recovery of depression in later life? | {
"contexts": [
"The authors examined whether personality characteristics such as mastery, self-efficacy, and neuroticism predict the likelihood of recovery of depression among elderly in the community. It was hypothesized that these personality characteristics do predict recovery but that their effect is overwhe... | Personality characteristics, i.e., neuroticism and physical health-related variables are separate but equally important domains for the chance of recovery of depression in later life. | yes |
17,308,387 | Is greater impairment of ability in the divided attention task seen in Alzheimer 's disease patients with depression than in those without depression? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent studies have emphasized specific deficits of attention and executive functions, such as those of cognitive flexibility, divided attention, in geriatric patients with depression. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), depressive symptoms are known to occur even from an early stage of the disease. How... | Our results suggest that depressive symptoms in AD patients increase the deficits of cognitive flexibility and divided attention. This is the first study to report a correlation between depressions, diagnosed based on the provisional criteria for depression in AD by Olin's group, and an impaired capacity for divided at... | yes |
17,319,838 | Does the transfusion of neutrophil-specific antibodies cause leukopenia and a broad spectrum of pulmonary reactions? | {
"contexts": [
"Antibodies to neutrophil-specific antigens are the best characterized cause of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI).",
"A double-apheresis platelet (PLT) component was divided and transfused into two patients. One experienced chills, rigors, and dyspnea and the other experienced chil... | Neutrophil antibodies cause a wide variety of transfusion reactions that do not necessarily meet the definition of TRALI. Donors of blood products causing even mild pulmonary reactions or leukopenia should be tested for neutrophil-specific antibodies. | yes |
17,313,780 | Does [ Phosphorylation of PKCdelta participate in the toxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine on dopaminergic neuroblastoma cell ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the role of phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) delta in the toxicity of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to the death of dopaminergic neurons.",
"Human neuroblastoma cells of the line SH-SY5Y were cultured 6-OHDA of the concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 micromol/L was... | Inhibition of PKCdelta phosphorylation with rottlerin ameliorates the neurotoxicity evoked by 6-OHDA, and activation of PKCdelta phosphorylation by PMA aggravates neurotoxicity, which implicating that this kinase participates in the 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity and Parkinsonian neurodegeneration. | yes |
17,303,772 | Does simvastatin reduce MMP1 expression in human smooth muscle cells cultured on polymerized collagen by inhibiting Rac1 activation? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of collagen receptors expressed by smooth muscle cells induces matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) have been shown to interfere with integrin signaling, but their effects on collagen receptor-mediated MMP e... | These results demonstrate that simvastatin, by inhibiting Rac1 activity, reduces MMP1 expression and collagen degradation in human smooth muscle cells. | yes |
17,303,776 | Does dNA vaccination against VEGF receptor 2 reduce atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Similarities between neovascular ingrowth in atherosclerotic plaques and angiogenesis in tumors suggest that antiangiogenic factors that target tumor expansion may prove efficacious in the treatment of atherosclerosis. This study examined whether an oral DNA vaccine against the murine VEGF recept... | These findings demonstrate for the first time that a DNA vaccine targeting activated endothelial cells in atherosclerotic lesions provides direct atheroprotective effects. | yes |
17,325,175 | Does a novel isoform of acetylcholinesterase exacerbate photoreceptors death after photic stress? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the involvement of stress-induced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) expression in light-induced retinal damage in albino rats.",
"Adult albino rats were exposed for 24 hours to bright, damaging light. AChE expression was monitored by in situ hybridization, by histochemistry for AChE activi... | The findings indicate that the photic-induced novel variant of AChE (N-AChE-R) may be causally involved with retinal light damage and suggest the use of RNA targeting for limiting such damage. | yes |
17,322,625 | Does long-term nitrate therapy after acute myocardial infarction improve or aggravate prognosis? | {
"contexts": [
"There is conflicting information about whether nitrate treatment aggravates long-term prognosis, so the present retrospective study was designed to determine the effects of long-term nitrate therapy on major adverse events after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the coronary interventional era... | Long-term nitrate therapy after AMI neither improves nor aggravates prognosis. Prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effects of long-term nitrate therapy for secondary prevention of AMI. | no |
17,300,721 | Does black tea prevent cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis and lung damage? | {
"contexts": [
"Cigarette smoking is a major cause of lung damage. One prominent deleterious effect of cigarette smoke is oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may lead to apoptosis and lung injury. Since black tea has antioxidant property, we examined the preventive effect of black tea on cigarette smoke-induced o... | Cigarette smoke exposure to a guinea pig model causes oxidative damage, inflammation, apoptosis and lung injury that are prevented by supplementation of black tea. | yes |
17,300,722 | Does inclusion of the glucocorticoid receptor in a hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis model reveal bistability? | {
"contexts": [
"The body's primary stress management system is the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis responds to physical and mental challenge to maintain homeostasis in part by controlling the body's cortisol level. Dysregulation of the HPA axis is implicated in numerous stress-related dis... | Inclusion of pituitary GR expression resulted in a biologically plausible model of HPA axis bistability and hypocortisolism. High GR concentration enhanced cortisol negative feedback on the hypothalamus and forced the HPA axis into an alternative, low cortisol state. This model can be used to explore mechanisms underly... | yes |
17,300,723 | Is genetic distance and heterogenecity between quasispecies a critical predictor to IFN response in Egyptian patients with HCV genotype-4? | {
"contexts": [
"HCV is one of the major health problems in Egypt, where it is highly prevalent. Genotype 4 is the most common genotype of HCV and its response to treatment is still a controversy.",
"HCV genotype 4 quasispecies diversity within the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) was studied in a series of 22 ... | Patients who responded to interferon treatment had statistically significant less number in both transitions (p = 0.007) and the genetic distances between the quasispecies (p = 0.035). So, viral genetic complexity and variability may play a role in the response to IFN treatment. The consensus alignment of all three gro... | yes |
17,326,163 | Is sgIGSF a novel biliary-epithelial cell adhesion molecule mediating duct/ductule development? | {
"contexts": [
"Spermatogenic immunoglobulin superfamily (SgIGSF) is an intercellular adhesion molecule of the nectin-like family. While screening its tissue distribution, we found that it was expressed in fetal liver but not adult liver. In the present study, we examined which cells in developing and regenerati... | We propose that SgIGSF is a novel and functional BEC adhesion molecule that is expressed for a limited time during active bile duct/ductule formation. | yes |
17,304,174 | Does [ Levodopa modify pain thresholds in Parkinson 's disease patients ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess levodopa dose effect on pain thresholds in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients using an experimental nociceptive thermal stimulation.",
"We evaluated pain thresholds in 20 PD patients treated by dopaminergic drugs. We assessed heat and cold pain thresholds by using 2 different methods... | This study showed that levodopa increased heat and cold pain thresholds and heat pain tolrance in PD patients. This suggests that dopaminergic drugs could have an analgesic effects on PD related pain. | yes |
17,312,215 | Do electronic reminders improve procedure documentation compliance and professional fee reimbursement? | {
"contexts": [
"Medicolegal, clinical, and reimbursement needs warrant complete and accurate documentation. We sought to identify and improve our compliance rate for the documentation of arterial catheterization in the perioperative setting.",
"We first reviewed 12 mo of electronic anesthesia records to esta... | The complexity of the tertiary care process results in documentation deficiencies. Inexpensive automated reminders can drastically improve compliance without the need for complicated negative or positive feedback. | yes |
17,329,314 | Is domestic violence associated with adult and childhood asthma prevalence in India? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known on the influence of stressful psychosocial circumstances in predicting asthma. We examine the link between asthma prevalence and domestic violence (DV) in a nationally representative sample of adults and children in India.",
"Analyses were based on the 1998-99 cross-sectional ... | We find a consistent association between being exposed to, and having experienced, DV and asthma prevalence. Stress-induced mechanisms, partially captured through violence and social circumstances, may be a critical explanatory link in furthering our understanding of the social disparities in asthma. | yes |
17,309,830 | Do bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells contribute significantly to new vessels during incisional wound healing? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the contribution of bone marrow (BM)-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to the neovascularisation of cutaneous incisional wounds.",
"Lethally irradiated C57Bl/6 mice were transplanted with BM mononuclear cells from Tie2/lacZ mice, which constitutively overexpressed beta-gal... | These findings indicate that the revascularization of dermal incisional wounds primarily occurs through angiogenesis because the low frequency and temporal expression of EPCs suggests that they do not make a significant contribution to the neovascularization process. | no |
17,301,562 | Do polymorphisms in Toll-like receptor 9 influence the clinical course of HIV-1 infection? | {
"contexts": [
"The clinical course of HIV-1 infection is highly variable among individuals, at least in part as a result of genetic polymorphisms in the host. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a key role in innate immunity and mutations in the genes encoding these receptors have been associated with increased or ... | Rapid progression of HIV-1 infection was associated with TLR9 polymorphisms. Because of its potential implications for intervention strategies and vaccine developments, additional epidemiological and experimental studies are needed to confirm this association. | yes |
17,301,569 | Does initiation of antiretroviral therapy lead to a rapid decline in cervical and vaginal HIV-1 shedding? | {
"contexts": [
"Antiretroviral therapy (ART) may decrease HIV-1 infectivity in women by reducing genital HIV-1 shedding.",
"To evaluate the time course and magnitude of decay in cervical and vaginal HIV-1 shedding as women initiate ART.",
"This prospective, observational study of 20 antiretroviral-naive ... | Genital HIV-1 shedding decreased rapidly after ART initiation, consistent with a rapid decrease in infectivity. However, incomplete viral suppression in half of these women may indicate an ongoing risk of transmission. | yes |
17,329,743 | Do anterior cingulate grey-matter deficits and cannabis use in first-episode schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite the high prevalence of cannabis use in schizophrenia, few studies have examined the potential relationship between cannabis exposure and brain structural abnormalities in schizophrenia.",
"To investigate prefrontal grey and white matter regions in patients experiencing a first episode... | A defect in the anterior cingulate is associated with a history of cannabis use among patients experiencing a first episode of schizophrenia and could have a role in poor decision-making and in choosing more risky outcomes. | yes |
17,315,081 | Is cognitive ability associated with suspected reporting errors on food frequency questionnaires? | {
"contexts": [
"To examine potential for bias in reported total energy intake on a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) among older adults.",
"Longitudinal cohort study.",
"2,706 Community-dwelling Black and White older adults, aged 70-79 years, enrolled in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. Mu... | This study provides evidence that for older adults, lower cognition scores are associated with increased potential errors in reporting total energy intake. | yes |
17,304,689 | Does background muscle activity enhance the neuromuscular response to mechanical foot stimulation? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of the present study was to determine the modulating effect of background muscle activity on enhanced neuromuscular responses to mechanical foot stimulation.",
"A small solenoid embedded within a platform provided nonnoxious stimulation to the lateral portion of the sole for 100 msecs... | An application of mechanical foot stimulation enhanced neuromuscular activity of the triceps surae muscles; this enhancement was dependent on homonyomous background contraction levels. | yes |
17,303,097 | Does syk contribute to PDGF-BB-mediated migration of rat aortic smooth muscle cells via MAPK pathways? | {
"contexts": [
"Here we investigated the role of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in the migration induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC).",
"Cell migration was determined using a Boyden chamber, by wound-healing, and by aortic ring assays. Activity of Syk, mit... | These results imply that Syk is an upstream signal of the p38 MAPK/HSP27 and ERK1/2 pathways that contributes to PDGF-BB-mediated migration in RASMC. | yes |
17,314,207 | Does fasting insulin modify the relation between age and renal function? | {
"contexts": [
"The worldwide increase in end-stage renal disease has been alleged to be associated with insulin resistance-related conditions. Insulin resistance and the concomitant compensatory hyperinsulinaemia may accelerate age-related decline in renal function through inducing glomerular hyperfiltration, e... | Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that insulin accelerates the age-related decline of renal function in the general non-diabetic population. This indicates that insulin resistance, and the concomitant compensatory hyperinsulinaemia could contribute to the increased incidence in end-stage renal disease. | yes |
17,322,345 | Are spindle proteins Aurora A and BUB1B , but not Mad2 , aberrantly expressed in dysplastic mucosa of patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis? | {
"contexts": [
"Long term ulcerative colitis (UC) increases the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). DNA aneuploidy is a common feature of both dysplastic and non-dysplastic colonic epithelia from patients with longstanding UC, and is regarded as an early sign of possible malignant transformation. The spindle protei... | Due to the significant differences in Aurora A and BUB1B expression in dysplastic compared non-dysplastic mucosa, these proteins may serve as putative biological markers for the progressive morphological changes in UC associated carcinogenesis. The close relationship to Ki67 levels reflect that spindle proteins are exp... | yes |
17,314,063 | Does muscle temperature have a different effect on force fluctuations in young and older women? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of muscle temperature on force fluctuations during isometric contractions in young and older females.",
"Fifteen young and 11 older subjects performed 3x30-s long submaximal isometric ankle dorsi-flexions (5%, 10%, and 15% of the maximal force). Tibialis anterior mus... | The findings indicate a different effect of temperature on the ability to maintain constant force in young and older subjects. | yes |
17,306,667 | Is excessive complement activation associated with placental injury in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies? | {
"contexts": [
"Studies that use a murine model of antiphospholipid syndrome have demonstrated a critical role for complement activation that leads to fetal and placental injury in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs). We examined the placentas of patients with APAs to demonstrate a similar associa... | These findings are consistent with murine studies that implicate complement as a critical factor in the fetal tissue injury observed in antiphospholipid syndrome. | yes |
17,319,968 | Does rapamycin attenuate hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy in mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Chronic hypoxia induces pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and hypertrophy are important contributors to the remodeling that occurs in chronic hypoxic pulmonary vasculature. We hypothesized that rapamycin (RAPA), a potent cell cycle inhibitor, prevents p... | Therapy with rapamycin may represent a new strategy for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. | yes |
17,319,963 | Does antagonism between Notch and bone morphogenetic protein receptor signaling regulate neurogenesis in the cerebellar rhombic lip? | {
"contexts": [
"During the embryonic development of the cerebellum, neurons are produced from progenitor cells located along a ventricular zone within dorsal rhombomere 1 that extends caudally to the roof plate of the fourth ventricle. The apposition of the caudal neuroepithelium and roof plate results in a uniq... | Our results provide a mechanism by which a balance between neural induction and maintenance of neural progenitors is achieved in the rhombic lip throughout embryonic development. | yes |
17,313,315 | Is neither maternal nor fetal mutation ( E474Q ) in the alpha-subunit of the trifunctional protein frequent in pregnancies complicated by HELLP syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"An association between maternal HELLP syndrome and fetal long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency has been proposed. LCHAD catalyzes the third step in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria. Whereas about 75% of LCHAD-deficient patients carry a G-to-C mutation at n... | Neither maternal nor fetal heterozygosity for the E474Q mutation is a relevant factor of HELLP syndrome. | yes |
17,299,709 | Does exposure to holoendemic malaria result in suppression of Epstein-Barr virus-specific T cell immunosurveillance in Kenyan children? | {
"contexts": [
"Malaria and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection are cofactors in the pathogenesis of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL). The mechanisms by which these pathogens predispose to eBL are not known.",
"Healthy Kenyan children with divergent malaria exposure were measured for responses to EBV latent and... | Children living in malaria-holoendemic areas have diminished EBV-specific T cell immunosurveillance between the ages of 5 and 9 years, which coincides with the peak age incidence of eBL. | yes |
17,316,446 | Do hNPCC versus sporadic microsatellite-unstable colon cancers follow different routes toward loss of HLA class I expression? | {
"contexts": [
"Abnormalities in Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I expression are common in colorectal cancer. Since HLA expression is required to activate tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL), HLA class I abnormalities represent a mechanism by which tumors circumvent immune surveillance. Tum... | HLA class I aberrations are found at varying frequencies in different colorectal tumor types and are caused by distinct genetic mechanisms. Chiefly, sporadic and hereditary MSI-H tumors follow different routes toward HLA class I loss of expression supporting the idea that these tumors follow different evolutionary path... | yes |
17,309,793 | Does hPA-1 polymorphism of alphaIIbbeta3 modulate platelet adhesion onto immobilized fibrinogen in an in-vitro flow system? | {
"contexts": [
"Platelet adhesion and subsequent thrombus formation on a subendothelial matrix at the site of vascular damage play a crucial role in the arrest of posttraumatic bleeding but also in different pathological thrombotic events, such as acute coronary syndrome and stroke. Recently published studies ha... | Our data support the contention that genetically determined variants of platelet integrins alphaIIbbeta3 could play a role in arterial thrombogenesis and thus confirm the hypothesis derived from epidemiological studies. | yes |
17,325,738 | Is circulating haptoglobin an independent prognostic factor in the sera of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic significance of haptoglobin levels in the overall survival of patients presenting with various stages of epithelial ovarian cancer.",
"We employed an in-house sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to determine the concentrations ... | This study provides evidence that preoperative serum levels of haptoglobin could serve as an independent prognostic factor in patients presenting with epithelial ovarian cancer. | yes |
17,299,262 | Do repeated balloon inflations diminish ST segment elevation even though coronary collateral recruitment is promoted in pigs? | {
"contexts": [
"Attempts to demonstrate preconditioning during repeated angioplasty balloon inflations (BIs) have not been universally successful. The main obstacle is that the first BI is unreliable, due to the variable degrees of occlusion by the deflated balloon. In the present study, we examined whether ST s... | Repeated BIs do not diminish ST segment elevation in the pig model, even though coronary collateral recruitment is promoted. | no |
17,308,369 | Do allogeneic HLA-matched donor dendritic cells loaded with patient leukemic blasts preferentially induce CD4-positive leukemia-reactive donor lymphocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"The therapeutic value of donor lymphocyte infusions in patients who relapse with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is limited by a low efficacy and the risk of graft-versus-host disease. We aimed at generating leukemia-reactive donor T ce... | Our results show the feasibility of the in vitro generation of leukemia-reactive donor lymphocytes, rendering this method a promising tool for post-HSCT immunotherapy. | yes |
17,322,635 | Are abnormal tissue doppler images associated with elevated plasma brain natriuretic peptide and increased oxidative stress in acute Kawasaki disease? | {
"contexts": [
"The aims of this study were to evaluate myocardial mechanics using pulsed tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and to determine the relationship between abnormal myocardial performance and plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and oxidative stress in acute Kawasaki disease (KD).",
"Consecuti... | Latent abnormal tissue Doppler profiles, possibly reflecting long-axis systolic and diastolic dysfunction have been noted in KD patients. Abnormal myocardial mechanics may contribute to the increased plasma BNP level and enhanced oxidative stress may contribute to cardiac dysfunction in KD. | yes |
17,311,107 | Does epigenetic activation of a subset of mRNAs by eIF4E explain its effects on cell proliferation? | {
"contexts": [
"Translation deregulation is an important mechanism that causes aberrant cell growth, proliferation and survival. eIF4E, the mRNA 5' cap-binding protein, plays a major role in translational control. To understand how eIF4E affects cell proliferation and survival, we studied mRNA targets that are t... | Our results shed new light on the mechanisms by which eIF4E prevents apoptosis and transforms cells. Downregulation of eIF4E and its downstream targets is a potential therapeutic option for the development of novel anti-cancer drugs. | yes |
17,311,105 | Is the CD34-related molecule podocalyxin a potent inducer of microvillus formation? | {
"contexts": [
"Podocalyxin is a CD34-related transmembrane protein involved in hematopoietic cell homing, kidney morphogenesis, breast cancer progression, and epithelial cell polarization. Although this sialomucin has been shown to block cell adhesion, the mechanisms involved remain enigmatic. It has, however, ... | Our data suggest that this single molecule can modulate NHERF localization and, independently, act as a key orchestrator of apical cell morphology, thereby lending mechanistic insights into its multiple roles as a polarity regulator, tumor progression marker, and anti-adhesin. | yes |
17,311,100 | Do local perturbations affect stability of laboratory fruitfly metapopulations? | {
"contexts": [
"A large number of theoretical studies predict that the dynamics of spatially structured populations (metapopulations) can be altered by constant perturbations to local population size. However, these studies presume large metapopulations inhabiting noise-free, zero-extinction environments, and th... | Our study shows that localized perturbations are unlikely to affect the dynamics of real metapopulations, a finding that has cautionary implications for ecologists and conservation biologists faced with the problem of stabilizing unstable metapopulations in nature. | no |
17,300,756 | Do antipsychotic drugs exacerbate impairment on a working memory task in first-episode schizophrenia? | {
"contexts": [
"This study sought to replicate previous findings of worsened performance on a translational spatial working memory task among antipsychotic-naïve first-episode schizophrenia patients after antipsychotic treatment and to extend these findings by examining whether changes in the allocation of cover... | Disruption in the allocation of covert attention might contribute to patients' decline in spatial working memory after antipsychotic treatment. Alterations in prefrontal dopaminergic systems or reduced thalamocortical drive might account for this apparent adverse cognitive effect of antipsychotic treatment. | yes |
17,325,649 | Do 5-HT4 receptor agonists increase sAPPalpha levels in the cortex and hippocampus of male C57BL/6j mice? | {
"contexts": [
"A strategy to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) is to increase the soluble form of amyloid precursor protein (sAPPalpha), a promnesic protein, in the brain. Because strong evidence supports beneficial effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-HT(4) receptor agonists in memory and learning, we investigated th... | Our results demonstrate that the 5-HT(4) receptor plays a key role in the non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP metabolism in vivo and give support to the beneficial use of 5-HT(4) agonists for AD treatment. | yes |
17,302,206 | Do thickness changes in the fovea and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer depend on the degree of myopia? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate changes in the thickness of the fovea and peripapillary RNFL associated with myopia.",
"Sixty-five Korean adults (for a total of 130 eyes) between 23 and 26 years of age were selected as test subjects. Thirty-eight test subjects were male, and 27 were female. Subjects with glau... | As the level of myopia increased, the thickness of the fovea also increased, while the thickness of the peripapillary RNFL decreased. Therefore, when interpreting OCT results in the clinic, careful consideration should be given to various changes associated with myopia. | yes |
17,323,193 | Do changes in evaluation of the pepsinogen test result following Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Japan? | {
"contexts": [
"The pepsinogen (PG) test result is used in Japan for screening for gastric cancer. In this study, we investigated the changes in evaluation of the PG test result following H. pylori eradication.",
"The subjects were 120 consecutive H. pylori-positive patients with upper gastrointestinal sympt... | These results suggest that the evaluation of PG test result should be used after the definitive confirmation of the success or failure of H. pylori eradication therapy. | yes |
17,326,735 | Is no model of clinical education for physiotherapy students superior to another : a systematic review? | {
"contexts": [
"Which models of undergraduate/entry-level clinical education are being used internationally in allied health disciplines? What is the effect and, from the perspective of stakeholders, what are the advantages, disadvantages, and recommendations for successful implementation of different models of ... | There is currently no 'gold standard' model of clinical education. The perception that one model is superior to any other is based on anecdotes and historical precedents, rather than on meaningful, robust, comparative studies. | yes |
17,326,341 | Does cancer incidence estimate at the national and district levels in Colombia? | {
"contexts": [
"To estimate national and district cancer incidence for 18 major cancer sites in Colombia.",
"National and district incidence was estimated by applying a set of age, sex and site-specific incidence/mortality ratios, obtained from a population-based cancer registry, to national and regional mor... | In the absence of national population-based cancer registry data, estimates of incidence provide valuable information at national and regional levels. As mortality data are an important source for the estimation,the quality of death certification should be considered as a possible cause of bias. | yes |
17,302,374 | Does quantitative subtyping of hepatitis B virus reveal complex dynamics of YMDD motif mutants development during long-term lamivudine therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with lamivudine (3TC) is limited by development of drug-resistant mutants at the YMDD motif. We aimed to validate the use of mass spectrometry to detect YMDD mutants and quantify viral subpopulations.",
"A total of 21 Chinese patients with severe acute e... | Mass spectrometry is an accurate and cheap method for the detection of YMDD mutants, even in the presence of overwhelming wild-type HBV. We observed some intriguing mutant viral dynamics during 3TC treatment. Further studies are needed to clarify whether they have any clinical significance. | yes |
17,306,661 | Are maternal and obstetric complications of pregnancy associated with increasing gestational age at term? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to estimate when rates of maternal pregnancy complications increase beyond 37 weeks of gestation.",
"We designed a retrospective cohort study of all low-risk women delivered beyond 37 weeks' gestational age from 1995 to 1999 within a mature managed care organization. Rates of mode o... | We found that the risk of maternal peripartum complications increase as pregnancy progresses beyond 40 weeks of gestation. Management of pregnancies that progress past their EDC should include counseling regarding the risks of increasing gestational age. | yes |
17,306,666 | Does the force required to rupture fetal membranes paradoxically increase with acute in vitro repeated stretching? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute repetitive stretching causes fetal membranes (FM) weakening.",
"Cesarean or vaginally delivered FM were repeatedly stretched and thereafter subjected to rupture testing. Rupture strength (RS), work to rupture (WR), and stiffness were de... | Acute stretch forces do not directly cause FM weakening. | yes |
17,322,633 | Is elevated plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 an independent predictor of coronary microvascular dysfunction in hypertension? | {
"contexts": [
"Elevated plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is related to cardiovascular events, but its role in subclinical coronary microvascular dysfunction remains unknown. Thus, in the present study it was investigated whether elevated plasma PAI-1 activity is associated with coronary microvas... | Elevated plasma PAI-1 activity was independently associated with coronary microvascular dysfunction, which suggests that plasma PAI-1 activity is an important clue linking hypofibrinolysis to the development of atherosclerosis. | yes |
17,308,456 | 's `` It an issue at the moment '' : a qualitative study of mothers about childhood obesity? | {
"contexts": [
"To explore childhood obesity through mothers' perceptions, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.",
"Descriptive qualitative study using in-depth interviews. Sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted with primiparous mothers of children aged 0-2 years. The questions focused on nutrition, the con... | Interventions to prevent overweight and obesity need to focus on equipping parents with the skills to translate their knowledge into behavior and lay the foundations early for their children to develop healthy habits. | no |
17,326,155 | Does immunosuppression reactivate viral replication long after resolution of woodchuck hepatitis virus infection? | {
"contexts": [
"Resolution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by coordinated humoral and cellular immune responses. Immunity is durable over decades, protecting the host from reinfection and potential activation of residual HBV. Woodchucks infected at birth with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV)... | These experimental observations demonstrate the potential of immunosuppression to reactivate HBV after resolution of infection. | yes |
17,326,150 | Does lactulose improve cognitive functions and health-related quality of life in patients with cirrhosis who have minimal hepatic encephalopathy? | {
"contexts": [
"Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) has a negative effect on patients' daily functioning. Thus far, no study has investigated the effect of treatment-related improvement in cognitive functions on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We measured psychometric performance by number and figure co... | Treatment with lactulose improves both cognitive function and HRQOL in patients with cirrhosis who have MHE. | yes |
17,326,158 | Is cardiotrophin-1 an essential factor in the natural defense of the liver against apoptosis? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously reported that exogenous cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, exerts hepatoprotective effects. Because CT-1 is expressed in the normal liver, we hypothesized that this cytokine may constitute an endogenous defense of the liver against proapoptotic stimuli... | CT-1-/- mice are highly sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis due in part to deficient STAT-3 activation and inadequate control of calpain activity during the apoptotic process. Our data show that CT-1 is a natural defense of the liver against apoptosis. This cytokine may have therapeutic potential. | yes |
17,329,307 | Are haematopoietic and endothelial progenitor cells deficient in quiescent systemic lupus erythematosus? | {
"contexts": [
"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to vascular regeneration and repair, thereby protecting against atherosclerotic disease. EPCs are derived from CD34+ haematopoietic stem ce... | Patients with SLE have lower levels of circulating HSCs and EPCs, even during clinical remission. The data suggest that increased HSC apoptosis is the underlying cause for this depletion. These observations indicate that progenitor cell-mediated endogenous vascular repair is impaired in SLE, which may contribute to the... | yes |
17,308,324 | Does pDGF-D inhibition by CR002 ameliorate tubulointerstitial fibrosis following experimental glomerulonephritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Arresting or regressing kidney scarring is of major clinical relevance. Platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGF-D) is widely expressed in fibrotic kidneys. Administration of the PDGF-D neutralizing fully human monoclonal antibody CR002 in the acute phase of progressive anti-Thy 1.1 glomerulonephri... | PDGF-D antagonism, even after the phase of acute glomerular damage, exerts beneficial effects on the course of tubulointerstitial damage, i.e. the final common pathway of most renal diseases. | yes |
17,302,549 | Does use of vascular access ports with intrathoracic drain for treatment of pleural effusion in three dogs? | {
"contexts": [
"3 dogs (9 to 12 years old) were evaluated because of recurrent pleural effusion that was refractory to treatment of the underlying cause.",
"Dogs were evaluated because of cough, dyspnea, tachypnea, or lethargy or a combination of these clinical signs. Radiography, ultrasonography, or thoraco... | Findings suggest that subcutaneous vascular access ports attached to intrathoracic drain tubing may be an effective way to remove recurrent pleural effusion in dogs. | yes |
17,324,341 | Does aMD3100 affect autograft lymphocyte collection and progression-free survival after autologous stem cell transplantation in non-Hodgkin lymphoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Autograft absolute lymphocyte count (A-ALC) affects survival after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in non- Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist, mobilizes CD34+ stem cells in patients with NHL undergoing ASCT. We sought to study the impact of AMD3100 on A-ALC collection... | Our data suggest that AMD3100 affects A-ALC and clinical outcome in patients with NHL undergoing ASCT. | yes |
17,320,577 | Do advances in positron emission tomography technology have increased the need for surgical staging in non-small cell lung cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Pretreatment staging of patients with non-small cell lung cancer is critically important in determining an appropriate treatment plan. As positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) are proven complementary modalities in clinical staging, recent advances in PET technology have... | Improvements in PET technology have increased integrated PET/CT sensitivity at the cost of significantly decreased specificity. Although it may appear that integrated PET/CT incurs fewer false negative results, the dramatic increase in false positive results reinforces the notion that integrated PET/CT should be used o... | yes |
17,312,205 | Does perioperative auricular electroacupuncture have no effect on pain and analgesic consumption after third molar tooth extraction? | {
"contexts": [
"Auricular acupuncture (AA) has been shown to alleviate acute and chronic pain. We investigated the effects of auricular electroacupuncture (AE) on pain and analgesic drug consumption in the first 48 h after unilateral mandibular third molar tooth extraction under local anesthesia in a prospective... | We conclude that neither AE nor AA alone reduce either pain intensity or analgesic consumption in a molar tooth extraction model of acute pain. | yes |
17,309,826 | Does global transcriptional analysis delineate the differential inflammatory response interleukin-15 elicits from cultured human T cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Interleukin 15 (IL)-15 controls proliferation and survival of T cells, but its effects and the underlying cellular regulation are not well understood. Previous studies have focused on its effects on short-term T-cell cultures. In view of the potential problems associated with using IL-2 alone in ... | These findings suggest that exogenous IL-15 may have a potential role in adoptive immunotherapy by both enhancing proliferation and modulating functionality during ex vivo T-cell expansion. | yes |
17,309,827 | Does hoxb3 deficiency impair B lymphopoiesis in mouse bone marrow? | {
"contexts": [
"Hox genes are involved in hematopoietic lineage commitment and differentiation. In this study, we investigated the roles of Hoxb3 in hematopoiesis by examining the phenotypes of a Hoxb3 knockout mutant mouse line.",
"Despite previous reports describing the apparently normal phenotype of these... | Analysis of T-cell development in the thymus and B1 cell compartment in the peritoneal cavity showed no significant changes. Thus, our findings suggest that the Hoxb3 gene plays an essential role in regulating B lymphopoiesis in the BM of adult mice. | yes |
17,309,820 | Does loss of the tumor suppressor p15Ink4b enhance myeloid progenitor formation from common myeloid progenitors? | {
"contexts": [
"The tumor suppressor p15Ink4b (Ink4b) is a cell-cycle inhibitor that is inactivated in a high percentage of acute myeloid leukemia and myeloid dysplasia syndrome cases. Despite this, the role of Ink4b in hematopoiesis remains unclear. Here we examined the role of Ink4b in blood cell formation usi... | This work establishes a role for Ink4b in regulating the differentiation of CMPs and indicates that loss of Ink4b enhances the formation of myeloid progenitors. | yes |
17,309,822 | Do natural killer cells prevent CD28-mediated Foxp3 transcription in CD4+CD25- T lymphocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg) have been initially shown to prevent organ-specific autoimmunity. It is now accepted that Treg homeostasis depends in part on the peripheral conversion of naïve CD4(+)CD25(-) T cells. This conversion implicates acquisition of the Treg-specific markers... | The current study suggests that activated NK interfere with CD28-mediated Foxp3 expression in CD4(+)CD25(-) T lymphocytes. Our experiments further underline a molecular interaction between IFN-gamma and Foxp3 downstream of CD28 signaling. Together, these results demonstrate that activated NK play a critical role at the... | yes |
17,309,823 | Is contact-dependent induction of regulatory antigen-presenting cells by human mesenchymal stem cells mediated via STAT3 signaling? | {
"contexts": [
"Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that are capable of differentiating into multilineages of the mesenchyme. MSCs were shown to have immune-modulating properties in vitro and were successfully used in vivo for controlling graft-versus-host disease, skin rejection, and modulation ... | These findings suggest that APC's STAT3 plays a key role in mediating the immunomodulatory effects of hMSCs. Moreover, the induction of STAT3 signaling by hMSCs is mediated by a novel mechanism involving cell-cell interaction rather than the classical mechanism of induction by cytokines. | yes |
17,316,832 | Does ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone drop decrease the incidence of physician and patient outcomes of otorrhea after tube placement? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate ciprofloxacin 0.3%/dexamethasone 0.1% (CIPRODEX, Alcon, Ft. Worth, TX) for the prevention of early post-operative otorrhea following TT placement.",
"This was a single-center, randomized, evaluator-blinded, parallel-group study. Two hundred children undergoing bilateral TT placeme... | Ciprodex reduced early post-operative otorrhea, clinically diagnosed OM and effusion following TT insertion. The greatest reduction in otorrhea was observed in patients with bilateral effusion at the time of surgery. | yes |
17,320,942 | Does an audiovisual reminder function improve adherence with inhaled corticosteroid therapy in asthma? | {
"contexts": [
"Adherence to medication regimens is poor in the management of chronic diseases, including asthma.",
"To determine whether an audiovisual reminder device improves adherence with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy in adult asthma.",
"A randomized open-label parallel group study of 110 adu... | An audiovisual reminder function can significantly improve adherence with ICS therapy in adult asthma. | yes |
17,320,940 | Are monocytes from familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome patients activated by mild hypothermia? | {
"contexts": [
"Familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS) is characterized by rash, fever, and arthralgia in response to cold exposure. CIAS1, the gene that codes for cryopyrin, is mutated in FCAS. Treatment with anakinra (IL-1 receptor antagonist) prevents symptoms, indicating a crucial role for IL-1 in th... | FCAS monocytes respond to mild hypothermia with IL-1beta release, which in turn induces autocrine transcription and secretion of IL-6 and TNF-alpha as well as stimulation of further IL-1beta production. | yes |
17,320,941 | Does thymic stromal lymphopoietin convert human epidermal Langerhans cells into antigen-presenting cells that induce proallergic T cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) endows human CD11c(+) dendritic cells (DCs) from peripheral blood with the capacity to induce proallergic T cells. TSLP is present at high levels in the epidermis of atopic dermatitis where it appears to trigger emigration of epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs); h... | These cytokine patterns correspond to those described for TSLP-treated blood DCs. They highlight a direct effect of TSLP on epidermal LCs. | yes |
17,324,748 | Do knockout mice reveal that the angiotensin II type 1B receptor links to smooth muscle contraction? | {
"contexts": [
"Rodents express two isoforms of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor: AT(1A) and AT(1B). It is unclear which receptor subtype mediates contraction in response to angiotensin II in various arteries. We tested the hypothesis that the AT(1B) receptor is the predominant receptor that mediates c... | Reduced angiotensin II contraction is not related to a generalized decrease in smooth muscle function, rather it is specifically due to genetic ablation of the AT(1B) receptor. Our data support the concept that AT(1B) receptors couple to contraction in the mouse abdominal aorta, a function that parallels the single kno... | yes |
17,300,229 | Is testosterone metabolism to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone and synthesis of sebaceous lipids regulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ligand linoleic acid in human sebocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Despite the clinical evidence that androgens stimulate sebaceous lipids, androgens in vitro have shown no similar effects. This contradiction led to the assumption that cofactors may be required for lipid regulation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ligands were suggested to b... | These data suggest a catalytic effect of PPAR ligands on cellular testosterone activation by 5alpha-reduction and the importance of the latter for the regulation of sebaceous lipids. | yes |
17,319,820 | Does generation of kinins during preparation and storage of whole blood-derived platelet concentrate? | {
"contexts": [
"Leukoreduction of platelet (PLT) concentrates (PCs) may be associated with hypotension in recipients, and a role for bradykinin (BK)-related peptides has been proposed for this side effect.",
"The concentration of BK and one of its vasoactive metabolites, des-arginine(9)-BK (des-Arg(9)-BK), w... | Storage of PCs contributes to the hydrolysis of high-molecular-weight kininogen and generation of pharmacologically relevant BK levels that might pose a hazard in susceptible patients. | yes |
17,330,996 | Do disruptions and satisfaction in internal medicine resident continuity clinic differ between inpatient and outpatient rotations? | {
"contexts": [
"Little is known about whether assignment to simultaneous inpatient and outpatient clinical duties causes disruptions during internal medicine resident continuity clinic and impacts trainee satisfaction.",
"Our purpose was to determine whether dual inpatient and continuity clinic responsibilit... | Residents on inpatient rotations who were commonly interrupted in clinic felt pressured to return to ward duties and unable to focus on their clinic patients. Internal medicine faculty should modify curriculum to minimize the interference of other duties in resident clinics. | yes |
17,302,372 | Does indomethacin have a potent antiviral activity against SARS coronavirus? | {
"contexts": [
"Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging, highly transmissible and fatal disease caused by a previously unknown coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Existing in non-identified animal reservoirs, SARS-CoV continues to represent a threat to humans because there is no effective specific antiv... | The results identify INDO as a potent inhibitor of coronavirus replication and suggest that, having both anti-inflammatory and antiviral activity, INDO could be beneficial in SARS therapy. | yes |
17,302,031 | Does [ Alpha-glycosidase help the diagnosis of epididymal obstructive azoospermia ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess the diagnostic value of alpha-glycosidase for epididymal lump induced obstructive azoospermia.",
"Seventy-six infertile men with normal spermatogenic function were divided according to sperm density into a normal density group (n = 27), an oligospermia group (n = 21) and an obstruct... | Alpha-Glycosidase has been proved of diagnostic value for epididymal obstructive azoospermia. | yes |
17,323,787 | Does aspirin reduce cutaneous flushing after administration of an optimized extended-release niacin formulation? | {
"contexts": [
"Niacin is an effective treatment for dyslipidemia due to its favorable effects on multiple lipid parameters. Clinical utility of niacin is sometimes limited, however, because of cutaneous flushing. A once-daily, extended-release (ER) niacin formulation has been shown to significantly reduce flush... | Aspirin significantly reduced the incidence, intensity and duration of flushing associated with reformulated niacin ER. These results support the administration of aspirin prophylactically to decrease niacin-induced cutaneous flushing and to improve patient adherence and acceptability of chronic niacin treatment at the... | yes |
17,321,926 | Does nicorandil decrease cardiac events during and after noncardiac surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess whether nicorandil reduces the likelihood of cardiac events during and after intermediate risk surgery.",
"Multicenter study.",
"13 hospitals in Japan.",
"Intermediate-risk patients were identified by the presence of risk factors such as angina, a history of myocardial infar... | Nicorandil reduces the frequency of cardiac events in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, both during and after the operation. | yes |
17,321,925 | Are preinduction glycemia and body mass index important predictors of perioperative insulin management in patients undergoing cardiac surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether preinduction glucose is an important predictor for perioperative insulin management in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.",
"Prospective cohort study.",
"Large community hospital.",
"80 consecutive patients scheduled for cardiac surgery.",
"Patients were s... | In cardiac surgical patients with a preinduction glucose above 110 mg/dL, even if diabetes was not previously suspected, perioperative insulin requirements were higher, and intraoperative insulin management is more difficult than in those with a preinduction glucose 110 mg/dL or lower. Preinduction glycemia and BMI are... | yes |
17,328,080 | Is a macrophage marker , Siglec-1 , increased on circulating monocytes in patients with systemic sclerosis and induced by type I interferons and toll-like receptor agonists? | {
"contexts": [
"Microarray analyses of peripheral blood leukocytes have shown that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus express increased levels of type I interferon (IFN)-regulated genes. In this study we examined gene expression by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic sc... | Increased expression of Siglec-1 in circulating SSc monocytes and tissue macrophages suggests that type I IFN-mediated activation of monocytes occurs in SSc, possibly through TLR activation of IFN secretion. These observations indicate a potential role for type I IFN-activated monocyte/macrophages in the pathogenesis o... | yes |
17,329,722 | Does computer-based insulin infusion protocol improve glycemia control over manual protocol? | {
"contexts": [
"Hyperglycemia worsens clinical outcomes in critically ill patients. Precise glycemia control using intravenous insulin improves outcomes. To determine if we could improve glycemia control over a previous paper-based, manual protocol, authors implemented, in a surgical intensive care unit (SICU), ... | The CPOE-based intravenous insulin protocol improved glycemia control in SICU patients compared to a previous manual protocol, and reduced time to insulin therapy initiation. Integrating a computer-based insulin protocol into a CPOE system achieved efficient, safe, and effective glycemia control in SICU patients. | yes |
17,329,588 | Do lateral cephalometric radiograph for the planning of maxillary implant reconstruction? | {
"contexts": [
"To present a simple and objective method for the planning of maxillary implant reconstruction with autogenous bone graft in maxilla atrophy.",
"Lateral cephalometric radiographs were performed with a metallic marker placed inside an acrylic-coated model, followed by cephalometric studies, to ... | This simple and objective method provided a useful contribution to maxillary reconstruction, and to the functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the patients. | yes |
17,315,206 | Is dNA single-strand break repair impaired in aprataxin-related ataxia? | {
"contexts": [
"Early-onset ataxia with ocular motor apraxia and hypoalbuminemia (EAOH)/ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 1 (AOA1) is an autosomal recessive form of cerebellar ataxia. The causative protein for EAOH/AOA1, aprataxin (APTX), interacts with X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1), a scaffold DN... | This study provides the first direct evidence for the functional involvement of APTX in SSBR and in vivo DNA damage in EAOH/AOA1, and suggests a benefit of antioxidant treatment. | yes |
17,313,309 | Is paternal smoking associated with a decreased prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus among offspring in two national British birth cohort studies ( NCDS and BCS70 )? | {
"contexts": [
"An association between paternal age and type 1 diabetes (IDDM) among their offspring was recently reported as well as transgenerational responses in humans. This paper aims to assess the association of markers for prenatal exposures with IDDM.",
"We analysed data from two birth cohorts in Gre... | This unexpected finding may be explained by germ-line mutations or other mechanisms associated with paternal smoking. This phenomenon should be investigated and these results should not be used as a justification for smoking. Paternal exposures may be important in determining IDDM risk. | yes |
17,313,307 | Is slow change in body mass index during early triplet pregnancy associated with decreased birth weight? | {
"contexts": [
"This study evaluates the impact of an average change in body mass index (BMI) during the first 16-25 weeks on outcomes of triplet pregnancies.",
"In this retrospective observational study we evaluated a cohort of triplets born to 1235 nulliparas and 705 multiparas. The difference between the ... | Slow weekly change in BMI (<1 SD from the mean) at 16-25 weeks is associated with decreased birth weight but there was no advantage for fast over a typical weigh gain. | yes |
17,305,659 | Is video of a disaster drill effective in educating registrars on the hospital disaster plan? | {
"contexts": [
"To test whether an instructional video of edited footage from a disaster drill is effective in educating registrars on the hospital disaster plan.",
"This was a prospective pre- and post-intervention study. Forty hospital registrars were shown a 15 min video based on footage obtained at a sim... | This finding justifies compulsory viewing of the video in the registrar orientation package locally and might encourage more widespread use of educational video in hospital disaster preparedness. | yes |
17,302,973 | Is inducibility of the endogenous antibiotic peptide beta-defensin 2 impaired in patients with severe sepsis? | {
"contexts": [
"The potent endogenous antimicrobial peptide human beta-defensin 2 (hBD2) is a crucial mediator of innate immunity. In addition to direct antimicrobial properties, different effects on immune cells have been described. In contrast to the well-documented epithelial beta-defensin actions in local in... | In contrast to healthy individuals and critically ill non-septic patients, ex vivo inducibility of hBD2 in peripheral blood cells from septic patients is reduced. Impaired hBD2 inducibility may contribute to the complex immunological dysfunction in patients with severe sepsis. | yes |
17,322,644 | Does combined treatment with sustained-release basic fibroblast growth factor and heparin enhance neovascularization in hypercholesterolemic mouse hindlimb ischemia? | {
"contexts": [
"Whether the combined treatment with sustained-release basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and heparin enhances neovascularization in hypercholesterolemic mouse hindlimb ischemia was investigated.",
"Wild-type C57BL/6 and low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice were assigned to 1 of ... | Combined treatment with sustained-release bFGF and heparin enhanced neovascularization in the hypercholesterolemic hindlimb ischemia model. | yes |
17,320,583 | Does video-assisted thoracic surgery reduce the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation after pulmonary lobectomy? | {
"contexts": [
"The objective was to define the incidence of atrial fibrillation after video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy and determine whether video-assisted thoracic surgery reduces atrial fibrillation rate compared with thoracotomy.",
"With the use of a single-institution database of patients who u... | Regardless of surgical approach, atrial fibrillation after lobectomy occurred with equal frequency. This supports the theory that autonomic denervation and stress-mediated neurohumoral mechanisms are responsible for the pathogenesis of postoperative atrial fibrillation. Prophylaxis regimens against atrial fibrillation ... | no |
17,302,210 | Do a case of orbital abscess following porous orbital implant infection? | {
"contexts": [
"We present a case of orbital abscess following porous orbital implant infection in a 73-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis.",
"Just one month after a seemingly uncomplicated enucleation and porous polyethylene (Medpor) orbital implant surgery, implant exposure developed with profuse pus... | A patient who has risk factors for delayed wound healing must be examined thoroughly and extreme care such as exenteration must be taken if there is persistent infection. | yes |
17,318,079 | Is alleviation of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease in a murine model associated with glucocerebroside-enhanced natural killer T lymphocyte plasticity? | {
"contexts": [
"Natural killer T (NKT) lymphocytes play a role in graft-versus-host disease GVHD (GVHD). Glucocerebroside (GC) is a naturally occurring glycolipid that plays a role in the immune modulation of NKT lymphocytes. This study aims to determine the effect of GC in murine models of semiallogeneic/acute ... | GC ameliorates GVHD in both Th1- and Th2-mediated murine models, suggesting it is able to differentially affect the immune system. GC may alleviate immunologically incongruous disorders, and may be associated with "fine tuning" of immune responses. | yes |
17,320,065 | Do pPAR-gamma agonists induce the expression of VEGF and its receptors in cultured cardiac myofibroblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"Myofibroblasts (myoFb) are the major cell types that appear at the site of myocardial infarction (MI) in response to injury and play a vital role in tissue repair/remodeling. Since vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a crucial role in the infarcted/ischemic heart, we hypothesized that... | This study demonstrates the induction of the VEGF accompanied by a reduction of NF-kappaB activity (inflammatory signaling) by PPAR-gamma agonists in cardiac myoFb. These results may further the understanding of the beneficial effects of PPAR-gamma agonists on infarcted tissue repair and angiogenesis. | yes |
17,314,526 | Is hepatitis C virus infection associated with insulin resistance among older adults with or at risk of HIV infection? | {
"contexts": [
"To determine the associations of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with insulin resistance and abnormal glucose tolerance in a cohort of older adults with or at risk of HIV infection.",
"A cross-sectional study of 267 HIV-infected and 179 at-risk-uninfected adults without a history of diabete... | The potential impact of HCV co-infection and obesity on glucose metabolism should be recognized in clinical care, and addressed in future research studies of HIV-infected individuals. | yes |
17,308,435 | Are dCEBIO-mediated dilations attenuated in the female rat middle cerebral artery? | {
"contexts": [
"Unlike in peripheral vessels, the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated component to P2Y(2) receptor-mediated dilations is significantly attenuated in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of female rats compared to male rats. One aspect to the EDHF phenomenon is activation of the... | The maximum vasodilation to 3 x 10(-4)M DCEBIO was significantly reduced in females (37 +/- 9%) compared to intact males (70 +/- 4%). Endothelial cell hyperpolarization to DCEBIO was similar in both males and females. Smooth muscle cell hyperpolarization was attenuated in females (2 +/- 1 mV) compared to males (15 +/- ... | yes |
17,313,665 | Is sequence similarity more relevant than species specificity in probabilistic backtranslation? | {
"contexts": [
"Backtranslation is the process of decoding a sequence of amino acids into the corresponding codons. All synthetic gene design systems include a backtranslation module. The degeneracy of the genetic code makes backtranslation potentially ambiguous since most amino acids are encoded by multiple cod... | The prediction quality of a protein backtranslation methis markedly increased by replacing the criterion of most used codon in the same species with a Hidden Markov Model trained with a set of most similar sequences from all species. Moreover, the proposed method allows the quality of prediction to be estimated probabi... | yes |
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