pubid int32 113k 27.9M | question stringlengths 17 664 | context dict | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k | final_decision stringclasses 2
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
17,299,840 | Does infliximab suppress the tuberculin skin test ( purified protein derivative )? | {
"contexts": [
"Tuberculin skin testing with purified protein derivative (PPD) is part of tuberculosis (TB) screening in patients receiving infliximab. We assessed whether infliximab, a strong inhibitor of inflammation, suppressed dermal induration, the outcome of this test. We also reassessed the booster phenom... | Infliximab use does not suppress the skin reaction to tuberculin. We confirm the booster phenomenon and that the PPD skin test has an acceptable interobserver reliability for an in vivo test. | no |
17,327,788 | Does embolization before radiosurgery reduce the obliteration rate of arteriovenous malformations? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the arteriovenous malformation (AVM) obliteration rate and the clinical outcome after radiosurgery in patients with and without previous embolization.",
"Of 244 patients who underwent linear accelerator radiosurgery for AVMs at the Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre between 1989 an... | Embolization before radiosurgery significantly decreases the obliteration rate, even in AVMs with the same volume, location, and marginal dose. Although an excellent outcome rate was higher in the group without embolization, this was not statistically significant. | yes |
17,311,622 | Are older donor allografts associated with poor patient survival after living donor liver transplantation for hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases? | {
"contexts": [
"The significance of donor age in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has not been fully evaluated.",
"We analyzed the data of 136 patients who underwent LDLT for HBV-related liver diseases from January 1999 to April 2004. The recipients were divided... | Our study suggests that older donor allografts would be associated with poor patient survival after LDLT for HBV-related liver diseases. | yes |
17,309,530 | Is the endocardial extent of reperfused first-time myocardial infarction more predictive of pathologic Q waves than is infarct transmurality : a magnetic resonance imaging study? | {
"contexts": [
"Historically, Q-wave myocardial infarction (MI) has been equated with transmural MI. This association have, however, recently been rejected. The endocardial extent of MI is another potential determinant of pathological Q waves, since the first part of the QRS complex where the Q wave appears refl... | The endocardial extent of reperfused first-time acute MI is more predictive of pathological Q waves than is MI transmurality. | yes |
17,314,113 | Is stress hyperglycaemia an independent predictor of left ventricular remodelling after first anterior myocardial infarction in non-diabetic patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Stress hyperglycaemia (SH) is associated with adverse outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) but the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. Our hypothesis was that SH on admission for acute MI may be associated with left ventricular (LV) remodelling.",
"We anal... | SH is a major and independent predictor of LV remodelling after anterior MI in non-diabetic patients. | yes |
17,314,110 | Does lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 predict mortality or new ischaemic events in acute coronary syndrome patients? | {
"contexts": [
"Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)) has been suggested as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events in epidemiological studies. We sought to evaluate Lp-PLA(2) as a risk factor for future cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and to elucid... | ACS patients had higher Lp-PLA(2) levels than healthy controls. Lp-PLA(2) was significantly correlated to lipid levels but only weakly correlated or unrelated to other well-established risk markers in ACS. The risk of future cardiovascular events or mortality was not related to Lp-PLA(2) levels in ACS patients. The bio... | no |
17,320,675 | Does prostate volume measured preoperatively predict for organ-confined disease in men with clinically localized prostate cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Imaging-measured prostate volumes are different between patients with confined and extraprostatic prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the prostate volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) was of incremental predictiv... | The preoperative volume of the prostate measured by either MRI or TRUS can be used to predict for organ-confined prostate cancer. However, the value of adding the prostate volume as a variable on its own to the prediction model is limited. | yes |
17,305,696 | Is irreversible but not reversible pulpitis associated with up-regulation of tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene expression in human pulp? | {
"contexts": [
"To analyse the gene expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in human dental pulps, under normal and inflammatory conditions and to examine the association between any observed alterations in the expression of this cytokine with the severity of the clinical symptoms.",
"Eighteen... | Tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene expression in inflamed human dental pulp tissue is positively associated with the severity of clinical symptoms. | yes |
17,302,877 | Does exogenous oestradiol and progesterone administration cause oedema in healthy young women? | {
"contexts": [
"Oedema is an increase in the extravascular component of extracellular fluid volume (ECFV). Fluid movement across the ECF is controlled by hydrostatic and oncotic pressures, which are influenced by oestradiol and progesterone. Thus we hypothesized that oestradiol decreases, while combined oestradi... | Neither E(2) nor E(2)-P(4) altered TER(alb) sufficiently to impact Starling forces indicating neither E(2) nor P(4) administration at these levels would likely cause oedema. | no |
17,302,871 | Are quality of life and psychological morbidity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome : body mass index , age and the provision of patient information significant modifiers? | {
"contexts": [
"Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has clinical features and implications for long-term health that may lead to decreased quality of life (QoL) and psychological morbidity. We studied QoL in women with PCOS, compared the findings with population norms and assessed whether they correlated with repor... | We have shown impaired QoL and increased prevalence of psychological morbidity in PCOS compared with population norms. The perception of inadequate information about the condition correlated with poorer QoL scores. Improved information delivery may lead to an improvement in QoL and needs to be tested with an interventi... | yes |
17,323,603 | Are insulin resistance and plasma triglyceride level differently related to cardiac hypertrophy and arterial stiffening in hypertensive subjects? | {
"contexts": [
"The frequent association between the type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardio-vascular diseases suggests that metabolic factors may contribute to cardio-vascular remodeling. The aim of our study was to examine the relationships between left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), pulse wave velo... | These data suggest that among typical metabolic abnormalities of insulin resistance syndrome, plasma triglycerides, and insulin as well as degree of insulin resistance may contribute to cardiac hypertrophy and arterial stiffening independently of hemodynamic and hormonal factors. | yes |
17,322,973 | Is intraoperative ultrasound with palpation still superior to intra-arterial calcium stimulation test in localising insulinoma? | {
"contexts": [
"This study assessed the sensitivities of preoperative localisation modalities such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), arteriography and arterial stimulation venous sampling (ASVS) using serum insulin and C-peptide gradients to intraoperative techniques in localising in... | Intraoperative ultrasound with palpation is a highly sensitive method for the localisation of insulinoma compared with other preoperative localisation techniques. | yes |
17,302,594 | Is renal graft survival influenced by a positive flow B-cell crossmatch? | {
"contexts": [
"The influence of a positive B-cell crossmatch on graft outcome in renal transplantation is controversial.",
"We analyzed graft survival using Kaplan-Meier estimates for recipients of deceased donor kidneys who were either regraft transplant patients (n = 198) from 1990 to August 20, 2004, or ... | Neither short nor long-term graft survival of deceased donor kidneys is influenced by a positive flow B-cell IgG crossmatch, even when caused by HLA class II antibody. | no |
17,307,588 | Does office-based dental rehabilitation in children with special healthcare need using a pediatric sedation service model? | {
"contexts": [
"1) To review our experience with office-based sedation/anesthesia for children with special healthcare needs who underwent dental rehabilitation at our institution. 2) To compare the cost to comparable patients who underwent similar procedures in the operating room.",
"Retrospective review of... | Office-based dental rehabilitation using a pediatric sedation service model in children with special needs is efficient, and can achieve average savings of $4,849 in hospital charges per patient. | yes |
17,327,141 | Is the G-250A polymorphism in the hepatic lipase gene promoter associated with changes in hepatic lipase activity and LDL cholesterol : The KANWU Study? | {
"contexts": [
"Hepatic lipase (HL) catalyzes the hydrolysis of triglycerides and phospholipids from lipoproteins, and promotes the hepatic uptake of lipoproteins. A common G-250A polymorphism in the promoter of the hepatic lipase gene (LIPC) has been described. The aim was to study the effects of the G-250A pol... | The A-250A genotype of the LIPC gene was associated with high LDL cholesterol concentration, but the MUFA-enriched diet reduced serum LDL cholesterol concentration especially in subjects with the A-250A genotype. | yes |
17,323,112 | Are age and drug therapy key prognostic factors for first clinical fracture in patients with primary osteoporosis? | {
"contexts": [
"We evaluated the characteristics of 1,142 women and men who attended Canadian osteoporosis clinics and had T-score < or = -2.0 and no prior fractures to determine the predictors of first clinical fracture. Greater age and failure to start osteoporosis drug treatment increased the risk of first cl... | Age and osteoporosis drug treatment are the main prognostic predictors of first clinical fracture in patients with T-score < or = -2.0. | yes |
17,300,701 | Are interferon alpha receptors important for antiproliferative effect of interferon-alpha against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Interferon (IFN)-alpha is a promising drug for the prevention and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We reported that responders to IFN-alpha/5-fluorouracil combination therapy expressed higher IFN alpha receptor (IFNAR)2 in tumor. Herein we studied involvement of IFNARs in response to ... | The results suggest that the expression of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2c independently are important for the antiproliferative effect of IFN-alpha in HCC cells. | yes |
17,301,071 | Is change in CA 125 levels after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy an independent predictor of epithelial ovarian tumour outcome? | {
"contexts": [
"CA 125 assays enable treatment response monitoring in ovarian cancer.",
"This multicentric study was carried out to assess the prognostic value of the CA 125 change after the first and the second courses of induction chemotherapy (CT). Of the 494 stage IIc-IV patients, 194 had a surgical seco... | Among well-established prognostic factors in ovarian cancers, the CA 125 change after first course of CT was independent prognostic factors for both achievement of pathological complete response and OS. | yes |
17,318,081 | Do dnIKK2-transfected dendritic cells induce a novel population of inducible nitric oxide synthase-expressing CD4+CD25- cells with tolerogenic properties? | {
"contexts": [
"We previously documented that rat bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs), transfected with an adenovirus encoding a dominant negative form of IKK2 (dnIKK2), have impaired allostimulatory capacity and generate CD4 T cells with regulatory function. Here we investigate the potency, the phenotype,... | DnIKK2-Treg is a unique population of CD4CD25 T cells expressing high levels of iNOS. These cells potently inhibit T-cell response in vitro and induce prolongation of kidney allograft survival in vivo. | yes |
17,318,082 | Do antithymocyte globulins suppress dendritic cell function by multiple mechanisms? | {
"contexts": [
"The polyclonal rabbit antithymocyte and anti-T-cell immunoglobulins (ATGs) Thymoglobulin (TG) and ATG-Fresenius S (ATG-F) have been widely used for the prevention and therapy of allograft rejection and graft versus host disease in transplantation. Although immunosuppressive mechanisms of ATGs on ... | ATGs interfere with basic DC functions, suggesting that DCs are relevant targets for the immunosuppressive action of ATGs in transplantation. | yes |
17,311,310 | Is survivin expression associated with bladder cancer presence , stage , progression , and mortality? | {
"contexts": [
"The purpose was to compare the differential expression of Survivin in normal bladder tissue, bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of different stages, and to determine whether expression of Survivin is associated with TCC clinical outcomes.",
"Immunohistochemical staining for Survivin wa... | The findings of the study provide a rationale for further evaluation of Survivin and its downstream signaling pathways in bladder cancer and raise the potential for Survivin-targeted therapy for bladder cancer. | yes |
17,320,529 | Does raf-1 activation in gastrointestinal carcinoid cells decrease tumor cell adhesion? | {
"contexts": [
"Gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors are highly metastatic. Activation of the Raf-1 signaling pathway in carcinoid cells results in morphologic changes. These Raf-1-induced structural changes may affect cellular adhesion, thereby altering metastatic potential.",
"An estrogen-inducible Raf-1 cell... | Raf-1 induction in carcinoid cells results in a significant decrease in adhesion. Furthermore, the important adhesion regulator, beta-catenin, is decreased in activated BON-raf cells. These Raf-1-related changes in adhesion may alter the metastatic phenotype of carcinoid cells. | yes |
17,325,181 | Does hyperoxia improve oxygen consumption in the detached feline retina? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of hyperoxia on retinal oxygenation and oxygen consumption in the detached feline retina.",
"Retinal detachment was created in nine intact anesthetized cats by injecting 0.25% sodium hyaluronate in balanced salt solution into the subretinal space. Oxygen microelectr... | Hyperoxia has been shown to improve photoreceptor survival in the detached retina. The present work suggests that hyperoxia is protective because it allowed increased photoreceptor oxygen consumption. Whereas normal Po(2)s were maintained at the inner and outer border of the avascular region during hyperoxia, Q(av) was... | yes |
17,325,187 | Is retina-specific protein fascin 2 an actin cross-linker associated with actin bundles in photoreceptor inner segments and calycal processes? | {
"contexts": [
"Fascin 2 is a retinal-specific member of the fascin family of actin filament-bundling proteins. Fascin 2 mutation in humans results in autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa or macular degeneration. To investigate the role of fascin 2 in photoreceptor survival, the authors examined its localizat... | These observations suggest that fascin 2 plays a role in the assembly or stabilization of inner segment and calycal process actin filament bundles in photoreceptors and that serine 39 phosphorylation reduces actin-binding and cross-linking activity and, thus, is likely to regulate the inner segment actin cytoskeleton. | yes |
17,312,233 | Do antinociceptive synergy between the cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 and bupivacaine in the rat formalin test? | {
"contexts": [
"The analgesic interaction between cannabinoids and local anesthetics has not been investigated. We sought to determine the nature of the interaction between the intrathecal cannabinoid receptor agonist (WIN 55,212-2) and bupivacaine using the formalin test.",
"Lumbar intrathecal catheters wer... | These results demonstrate that intrathecally coadministered WIN 55,212-2 and bupivacaine provide synergistic antinociceptive interaction in both phases of the formalin test. | yes |
17,312,235 | Does bilateral ilioinguinal nerve block decrease morphine consumption in female patients undergoing nonlaparoscopic gynecologic surgery? | {
"contexts": [
"Bilateral ilioinguinal nerve block may be useful to control postoperative pain in gynecologic surgery, especially hysterectomy.",
"In a prospective, randomized, double-blind study, we compared the combination of ropivacaine and clonidine (block group) versus saline (control group). The main o... | The use of bilateral ilioinguinal nerve block for postoperative analgesia after hysterectomy decreased morphine consumption by one-half during the first two postoperative days without differences in side effects from morphine between groups. | yes |
17,305,901 | Does risk factors for first trimester miscarriage -- result from a UK-population-based case-control study? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to examine the association between biological, behavioural and lifestyle risk factors and risk of miscarriage.",
"Population-based case-control study.",
"Case-control study nested within a population-based, two-stage postal survey of reproductive histories of wom... | The results confirm that advice to encourage a healthy diet, reduce stress and promote emotional wellbeing might help women in early pregnancy (or planning a pregnancy) reduce their risk of miscarriage. Findings of increased risk associated with previous termination, stress, change of partner and low pre-pregnancy weig... | yes |
17,309,819 | Are bcl-2 and Bcl-XL indispensable for the late phase of mast cell development from mouse embryonic stem cells? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine the importance of the prosurvival factors Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL for mast cell development and survival.",
"bcl-x(-/-) and bcl-2(-/-) mouse embryonic stem cells were maintained in medium supplemented with either interleukin (IL)-3 or IL-3 in combination with s... | For the first time we provide direct evidence that both bcl-x and bcl-2 are indispensable for mast cell survival during the late phase of their development. | yes |
17,325,342 | Does soluble PD-1 facilitate 4-1BBL-triggered antitumor immunity against murine H22 hepatocarcinoma in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"The use of costimulatory molecules targeting distinct T-cell signaling pathways has provided a means for triggering and enhancing antitumor immunity; however, it is still not fully understood what types of costimulatory molecules are suitable for the combination in tumor therapy. Our purpose in t... | Our findings in this report imply a great potential of 4-1BBL in combination with sPD-1 in tumor therapeutics with the in vivo existent tumor cells as antigens. | yes |
17,313,429 | Does silibinin inhibit renal cell carcinoma via mechanisms that are independent of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate whether silibinin, a flavonoid antioxidant with anticancer properties that inhibits cellular growth via the up-regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), inhibits renal cell carcinoma (RCC) growth via the IGFBP-3 pathway.",
"Cell morphology, DNA synth... | Silibinin suppresses SN12K1 cell growth and, at high doses, increases cell death. These effects are independent of IGFBP-3. | yes |
17,313,425 | Is diabetes mellitus associated with severe Peyronie 's disease? | {
"contexts": [
"To evaluate the severity of penile deformity and penile blood flow variables in men with Peyronie's disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM), and those with no risk factors.",
"Men with PD and DM (59 men, group 1) and those with no risk factors (109, group 2) were compared for penile blood flo... | This comparative clinical study suggests that the presence of DM as the only risk factor significantly increases the severity of PD. Furthermore, DM as a risk factor is associated with significantly worse vascular status, as shown by penile duplex Doppler ultrasonography, in men with PD. | yes |
17,305,981 | Is skin graft failure predicted by waist-hip ratio : a marker for metabolic syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for wound healing problems in surgery, but the reason for this increased risk is unclear. It is now recognized that truncal obesity, as measured by either the waist circumference or the waist-hip ratio (WHR), is a strong risk factor for an array of metabolic... | There is a strong correlation between truncal obesity as measured by the WHR and skin graft failure. WHR or waist circumference should be considered as a preoperative assessment tool in identifying patients at risk of surgical complications. | yes |
17,302,028 | Does [ Extract of acanthopanacis senticosus improve sperm motility of asthenospermia patients in vitro ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the effect of different concentrations of the extract of acanthopanacis senticosus on human sperm motility in vitro and to investigate its possible mechanism.",
"By computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, we observed the effect of different concentrations of the extract of ac... | The extract of acanthopanacis senticosus can improve the sperm motility of asthenospermia patients in vitro and its optimal concentration is 10 g/L. The study may provide a new drug therapy for asthenospermia. | yes |
17,324,777 | Does cyclic mechanical strain increase production of regulators of bone healing in cultured murine osteoblasts? | {
"contexts": [
"The adaptive response of bone to mechanical strain, for which angiogenesis is required, is underscored during fracture healing. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) are critical regulators of angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to exa... | We demonstrated simultaneous, dose-dependent increases in VEGF and TGF-beta1 protein production by osteoblastic cells in response to increasing strain. VEGF mRNA also increased in response to strain. This strain-induced increase in angiogenic cytokines suggests a potential mechanism by which injured bone may recruit a ... | yes |
17,318,505 | Do systemic administration of polyaminergic agents modulate fear conditioning in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The polyamines putrescine, spermine, and spermidine are a group of aliphatic amines that physiologically modulate the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a glutamate receptor implicated in memory formation.",
"Given the potential application of these drugs in the treatment of memory disorde... | These results provide evidence that systemic administration of polyamine binding site ligands modulate early consolidation of fear conditioning. | yes |
17,301,040 | Does a multicomponent nonpharmacological intervention improve activity rhythms among nursing home residents with disrupted sleep/wake patterns? | {
"contexts": [
"Sleep and circadian rhythms are disrupted among many nursing home (NH) residents. We examined the impact of a multicomponent nonpharmacological intervention on 24-hour rest/activity rhythms among long-stay NH residents.",
"The study was a randomized controlled trial in which, following a 3-da... | These findings suggest that the intervention may effectively improve the robustness of rest/activity rhythms in NH residents. Further research is needed to examine the impact of similar interventions on other measures of circadian rhythms (e.g., body temperature, melatonin) among NH residents. | yes |
17,301,041 | Is an interleukin-18 polymorphism associated with reduced serum concentrations and better physical functioning in older people? | {
"contexts": [
"The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 (IL-18) is associated with major disabling conditions, although whether as byproduct or driver is unclear. The role of common variation in the IL-18 gene on serum concentrations and functioning in old age is unknown.",
"We used 1671 participants age... | IL-18 concentrations are associated with physical function in 65- to 80-year-olds. A polymorphism in the IL-18 gene alters IL-18 concentrations and is associated with an improvement in walk speed. IL-18 may play an active role in age-related functional impairment, but these findings need independent replication. | yes |
17,326,190 | Does combined GM-CSF and IL-12 gene therapy synergistically suppress the growth of orthotopic liver tumors? | {
"contexts": [
"Immunotherapy is often effective only for small tumor burdens and, in many cases, is restricted to subcutaneous tumors. Here, we investigated the antitumor effects of combination therapy with GM-CSF and IL-12 on orthotopic liver tumors with intermediate or large tumor volumes, or on chemically-in... | Combination therapy with GM-CSF and IL-12 represents a promising immunotherapy strategy for treating orthotopic, widespread liver tumors. | yes |
17,327,798 | Are quantum dots phagocytized by macrophages and colocalize with experimental gliomas? | {
"contexts": [
"The identification of neoplastic tissue within normal brain during biopsy and tumor resection remains a problem in the operative management of gliomas. A variety of nanoparticles are phagocytized by macrophages in vivo. This feature may allow optical nanoparticles, such as quantum dots, to coloca... | Quantum dots are optical nanoparticles that, when delivered in nanomole doses, are phagocytized by the macrophages and microglia that infiltrate experimental gliomas. The optical signal may be detected, allowing for improved identification and visualization of tumors, potentially augmenting brain tumor biopsy and resec... | yes |
17,310,870 | Is time-on-task impairment of psychomotor vigilance affected by mild skin warming and changes with aging and insomnia? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effect of mild manipulations of core and skin temperature on psychomotor vigilance (PVT) in young adults, elderly, and elderly insomniacs.",
"432 PVTs were obtained during a 2-day semi-constant routine protocol, while differentially manipulating core and skin temperatures w... | The results are compatible with the hypothesis that the endogenous circadian variation of skin temperature could modulate vigilance regulating brain areas and thus contribute to the circadian rhythm in vigilance. Minute-by-minute PVT analyses revealed effects of age and insomnia not previously disclosed in studies appl... | yes |
17,328,986 | Does endotoxemia contribute to the immune paralysis in patients with cirrhosis? | {
"contexts": [
"Immune paralysis, defined as decreased HLA-DR expression on monocytes and indicated immune dysfunctions, was found in sepsis, severe acute pancreatitis and acute liver failure. However, the relationship between HLA-DR expression and cirrhosis is unclear.",
"We enrolled 64 patients with liver ... | Child-Pugh class C cirrhotic patients suffer from down-regulation of HLA-DR expression. Endotoxemia, possibly mediated by IL-10, contributes to this HLA-DR down-regulation. | yes |
17,314,490 | Does prior intraperitoneal injection of rat recombinant IL-6 increase hypothalamic IL-6 contents in subsequent forced swim stressor in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Cytokines do not only mediate responses to infection, but are also involved in behavioral and physiological responses to psychological stressors. IL-6 has received special attention in relation to the development of posttraumatic stress disorders and depression.",
"We tested effects of prior ... | Our results suggested that stressor alone had no influence on plasma IL-6 levels and IL-6 mRNA expression levels in midbrain and hypothalamus, but administration of rrIL-6 followed by FS significantly increased hypothalamic IL-6. Our results support the notion that the interaction between IL-6 and stressor might have i... | yes |
17,328,055 | Are elevated plasma asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine levels linked to endothelial progenitor cell depletion and carotid atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Similarities between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and atherosclerosis include endothelial dysfunction (an antecedent of plaque formation) and depletion of circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells. This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that endothelial progenitor cell d... | Plasma asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine levels are elevated in RA patients free of cardiovascular disease or risk factors. Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine accumulation may contribute to endothelial progenitor cell depletion via depressed NO-dependent endothelial progenitor cell mobilization and/or survival, with consequen... | yes |
17,303,489 | Is the oral contraceptive containing 30 microg of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drospirenone able to antagonize the increase of extracellular water occurring in healthy young women during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle : an observational study? | {
"contexts": [
"This nonrandomized study aimed to evaluate body weight and composition during the menstrual cycle and during oral contraception with 30 microg of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drospirenone (EE+DRSP).",
"Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was carried out in 38 normally cycling wom... | EE+DRSP maintains the same concentrations in TBW and ECW observed in the FP. This effect is likely due to the antimineralocorticoid activity of DRSP, which counteracts the water retention elicited by estrogen. | yes |
17,309,791 | Does multivariate analysis of the Fugl-Meyer outcome measure assessing the effectiveness of GENTLE/S robot-mediated stroke therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"Robot-mediated therapies offer entirely new approaches to neurorehabilitation. In this paper we present the results obtained from trialling the GENTLE/S neurorehabilitation system assessed using the upper limb section of the Fugl-Meyer (FM) outcome measure.",
"We demonstrate the design of our... | This study has applied a new method for analysing clinical data obtained from rehabilitation robotics studies. While the data obtained during the clinical trial is of multivariate nature, having multipoint and progressive nature, the multiple regression model used showed great potential for drawing conclusions from thi... | yes |
17,299,294 | Does previous palliation in patients with tetralogy of Fallot influence the outcome of later repair? | {
"contexts": [
"Primary repair is the treatment of choice in patients with tetralogy of Fallot. The timing of repair, however, remains controversial, and an initial palliative procedure might be considered a valuable option in the early management of symptomatic young infants and in those with either unfavourabl... | The outcome of patients undergoing repair of tetralogy of Fallot is not influenced in terms of either mortality or morbidity by an initial palliative procedure. | no |
17,303,222 | Does the fibrinogen -148 C/T polymorphism influence inflammatory response in experimental endotoxemia in vivo? | {
"contexts": [
"The acute phase reactant fibrinogen plays a critical role in the coagulation system and inflammation. Recently several polymorphisms have been described regulating basal and peak fibrinogen expression. We evaluated the role of a frequent promoter polymorphism in the beta chain of the fibrinogen g... | Our findings indicate, that the common -148 C/T polymorphism is associated with differences in the TNFalpha release in response to systemic LPS infusion in humans, and add to current evidence that gene-sequence changes in beta-fibrinogen locus can alter the ability of the host to respond to endotoxin. | yes |
17,303,224 | Do histone deacetylase inhibitors induce apoptosis in both Type I and Type II endometrial cancer cells? | {
"contexts": [
"To characterize the molecular pathways involved in apoptosis following administration of histone deacetylase inhibitors to Type I and II endometrial cancer cells.",
"Ark2, Ishikawa, and AN3 cell lines representing both Type I and II endometrial cancers were treated with various concentrations... | Our results suggest that oxamflatin and HDAC inhibitor-1 have potent cytotoxicity in endometrial cancer cells by inducing cell apoptosis. Histone deacetylase inhibitors are promising agents for the treatment of both Type I and II endometrial carcinoma. | yes |
17,301,644 | Does acetic acid allow effective selection of areas for obtaining biopsy samples in Barrett 's esophagus? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this study was to determine whether macroscopic changes resulting from acetic acid application on the surface of columnar-lined esophagus allow regular, nonmagnifying, endoscopic identification of areas presenting dysplasia and/or cancer in Barrett's esophagus.",
"A total of 100 pa... | This prospective study shows that acetic acid test is useful for standard, nonmagnifying, endoscopic detection of dysplasia and cancer in Barrett's esophagus. | yes |
17,326,216 | Is sustained virological response to interferon-alpha associated with improved outcome in HCV-related cirrhosis : a retrospective study? | {
"contexts": [
"The effect of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) following interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) treatment on the clinical outcomes of patients with HCV-related cirrhosis is unknown. In an attempt to assess the risk of liver-related complications, HCC and liver-related mortality in patients w... | Thus, in patients with HCV-related, histologically proven cirrhosis, achievement of a SVR after IFNalpha therapy was associated with a reduction of liver-related mortality lowering both the risk of complications and HCC development. Irrespective of SVR achievement, all patients should continue surveillance because the ... | yes |
17,311,088 | Is sequential broadening of CTL responses in early HIV-1 infection associated with viral escape? | {
"contexts": [
"Antigen-specific CTL responses are thought to play a central role in containment of HIV-1 infection, but no consistent correlation has been found between the magnitude and/or breadth of response and viral load changes during disease progression.",
"We undertook a detailed investigation of lon... | A continuous dynamic development of CTL responses was associated with viral escape from temporarily effective immune responses. Our results suggest that broad CTL responses often represent footprints left by viral CTL escape rather than effective immune control, and help explain earlier findings that fail to show an as... | yes |
17,311,859 | Does adiponectin independently predict metabolic syndrome in overweight Latino youth? | {
"contexts": [
"Adiponectin may be important in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome in youth.",
"The objective of the study was to determine the unique effect of adiponectin on the metabolic syndrome in overweight Latino youth.",
"Participants included 175 overweight childre... | Hypoadiponectinemia is an independent biomarker of the metabolic syndrome, and thus, adiponectin may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disorder in overweight youth. | yes |
17,311,854 | Is uncomplicated type 1 diabetes associated with increased asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations? | {
"contexts": [
"Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) has recently emerged as an independent risk marker for cardiovascular disease, but studies investigating the ADMA levels in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) are scarce.",
"We aimed to evaluate plasma ADMA, L-arginine concentrations, and L-arginine to ADMA ratio... | We demonstrated that ADMA increases and L-arginine to ADMA ratio decreases, even before the development of vascular complications in type 1 DM. | yes |
17,320,586 | Does antidonor humoral transfer induce transplant arteriosclerosis in aortic and cardiac graft models in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"The humoral pathway is suggested as playing a key role in transplant arteriosclerosis. The humoral immunity is demonstrated in the present study to induce direct vascular lesion.",
"Ten abdominal aortic grafts were performed on 4 groups of rats: Brown Norway (BN) isografts, BN to Lewis (LEW) ... | The transplant arterial occlusive lesion is demonstrated here (1) to be induced by humoral antidonor immunity and (2) to be linked to an adventitial or perivascular inflammation. | yes |
17,321,342 | Do amino acids stimulate leg muscle protein synthesis in peripheral arterial disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Older patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication have impaired walking ability resulting from reduced lower extremity blood flow. Evidence suggests that leg muscle abnormalities may also contribute to walking intolerance in claudicants. In healthy elderly people... | Despite reduced leg blood flow, elderly PAD patients synthesize calf muscle protein in the basal state in a fashion similar to that in healthy elderly people. More importantly, administration of exogenous amino acids produces a significant increase in protein synthesis in these patients that is also equivalent to that ... | yes |
17,310,142 | Does hochu-ekki-to inhibit rhinovirus infection in human tracheal epithelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"A traditional Japanese herbal medicine, hochu-ekki-to, has been used for the symptomatic treatment of the common cold and to reduce the frequency of colds in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the inhibitory effects of hochu-ekki-to on infection by rhinovirus (RV), the ... | Hochu-ekki-to inhibited RV14 infection by decreasing ICAM-1 and by blocking entry of viral RNA into the cytoplasm from the endosomes, in airway epithelial cells. Glycyrrhizin may be partly responsible for inhibition of RV infection by hochu-ekki-to. Hochu-ekki-to could modulate airway inflammation by reducing productio... | yes |
17,307,413 | Does cardiac power output predict mortality across a broad spectrum of patients with acute cardiac disease? | {
"contexts": [
"Cardiac power output (CPO) is a novel hemodynamic measurement that represents cardiac pumping ability. The prognostic value of CPO in a broad spectrum of patients with acute cardiac disease undergoing pulmonary artery catheterization (PAC) has not been examined.",
"Consecutive patients with a... | Cardiac power output is a strong, independent predictor of inhospital mortality in a broad spectrum of patients with primary cardiac disease undergoing PAC. | yes |
17,328,794 | Are nidogen 1 and 2 gene promoters aberrantly methylated in human gastrointestinal cancer? | {
"contexts": [
"Nidogens are highly conserved proteins of basement membranes. Two nidogen proteins, nidogen 1 and nidogen 2, are known in mammals.",
"We show that CpG islands of both NID1 and NID2 genes are aberrantly methylated in human cancer samples and cancer cell lines. For both genes, methylation was c... | These results suggest that loss of nidogens expression has a potential pathogenetic role in colon and stomach tumorigenesis. Nidogens are believed to connect laminin and collagen IV networks, hence stabilizing the basement membrane structure. Nidogens are also important for cell adhesion, as they establish contacts wit... | yes |
17,327,052 | Does [ Continuous inhalation of allergen induce immunotolerance in a mouse asthma model ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the mechanism of immunotolerance caused by allergen immunotherapy in allergen-induced asthmatic airway inflammation.",
"Sixty ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two groups, 50 in the experimental group and 10 in the control group. The mice in the ... | The results show that continuous allergen inhalation suppresses allergen-induced airway inflammation and produces immunotolerance, in which IL-10 may play an important role. | yes |
17,306,649 | Is distribution of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia across the cervix random? | {
"contexts": [
"This study was undertaken to assess the validity of an assumption that histologically confirmed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions are not randomly distributed across the cervix.",
"This retrospective study included 359 women ranging in age from 17-81 years (mean +/- SD, 34.4 +/... | Contrary to previous assumptions, histologically confirmed CIN lesions are randomly distributed across the cervix site. | yes |
17,325,167 | Does deletion of the chemokine receptor CCR1 prolong corneal allograft survival? | {
"contexts": [
"Many corneal grafts undergo immune rejection, and current therapies are associated with many side effects. The purpose of this study was to identify critical chemokine pathways involved in generating the alloimmune response to corneal transplants.",
"Orthotopic corneal transplantation was per... | These studies provide, for the first time, evidence that targeting of specific chemokine pathways can significantly promote survival of corneal transplants, and suggest that select deletion or suppression of CCR1 can be a useful therapeutic target in corneal transplant immunity. | yes |
17,325,165 | Does erythropoietin promote survival of retinal ganglion cells in DBA/2J glaucoma mice? | {
"contexts": [
"Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss occurs in response to increased intraocular pressure (IOP) and/or retinal ischemia in glaucoma and leads to impairment of vision. This study was undertaken to test the efficacy of erythropoietin (EPO) in providing neuroprotection to RGCs in vivo.",
"The neurop... | EPO promoted RGC survival in DBA/2J glaucomatous mice without affecting IOP. These results suggest that EPO may be a potential therapeutic neuroprotectant in glaucoma. | yes |
17,325,162 | Does chondroitin sulfate-derived disaccharide protect retinal cells from elevated intraocular pressure in aged and immunocompromised rats? | {
"contexts": [
"A disaccharide (DS) derived from the naturally occurring compound chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) was recently shown to have neuroprotective activity. The authors examined the ability of this compound (CSPG-DS) to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from death caused by elevated intraoc... | Results point to the therapeutic potential of CSPG-DS for glaucoma, particularly in elderly populations for whom disease prevalence is high. | yes |
17,319,343 | Do pattern of severe electrical injuries in a Nigerian regional burn centre? | {
"contexts": [
"Electrical injuries, though uncommon usually have devastating consequences. They are largely preventable. The objectives of the study were to highlight the pattern of severe electrical injuries seen in our environment, the management problems faced here compared with other studies and proffer sug... | Late presentation of patients to specialised centres, inadequate management at the primary centres of treatment, poverty and inadequate facilities even at the specialised centres were the main problems encountered. We recommend re-education of the populace including medical practitioners, enforcement of safety rules in... | yes |
17,322,491 | Does pegvisomant interference in GH assays result in underestimation of GH levels? | {
"contexts": [
"Pegvisomant use in acromegaly negates the use of GH levels to monitor disease activity. To achieve antagonism, plasma concentrations must be approximately 1000-fold greater than GH which with the high homology between the peptides makes GH measurement a challenge when pegvisomant is present.",
... | The presence of pegvisomant resulted in artefactually low measured GH in most assays. We speculate this fall is due to assay antibody-binding pegvisomant, reducing the amount of available antibody to bind actual GH thereby producing less sandwich formation: the 'high-dose hook' effect. In most assays, this effect is mo... | yes |
17,306,075 | Does [ Mild hypothermia attenuate neuronal apoptosis after cerebral hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal rats ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To investigate the effects of mild hypothermia on sequential events of neuronal apoptosis following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats.",
"A model of HIBD was prepared by ligating the left common carotid artery in 7-day-old rats, followed by 8% hypoxia exposure. HIBD rats w... | Mild hypothermia treatment attenuates neuronal apoptosis following HIBD, possibly through a reduction in Cyt c release from mitochondria and an inhibition of caspase-3 mRNA expression and its enzyme activity. | yes |
17,331,161 | Is hepcidin down-regulated in alcohol loading? | {
"contexts": [
"It is common for alcoholic patients to have excess iron accumulation in the liver, which may contribute to the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, the mechanism of hepatic iron uptake in ALD is still obscure. Recently, a novel iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin was found that sup... | Alcohol loading down-regulates hepatic hepcidin expression and leads to the increase of iron absorption from the intestine. | yes |
17,311,827 | Is metabolic syndrome associated with abnormal left ventricular diastolic function independent of left ventricular mass? | {
"contexts": [
"To characterize the extent to which metabolic syndrome criteria predict left ventricular (LV) structure and function.",
"Metabolic syndrome criteria were assessed in 607 adults with normal LV function. The cohort was grouped according to the number of criteria satisfied: (1) Absent (0 criteri... | Patients with metabolic syndrome have LV diastolic dysfunction independent of LV mass. These functional abnormalities may partially explain the increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with metabolic syndrome. | yes |
17,307,423 | Does repeat length polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene influence pulmonary artery pressure in heart failure? | {
"contexts": [
"Pulmonary hypertension is common in patients with heart failure (HF); however, for a given degree of left ventricular dysfunction, the range in pulmonary artery pressures (PAPs) is large. Polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene have been implicated in contributing to smooth muscle... | These results suggest that the LL variant of the 5-HTT is associated with elevated PAP in patients with HF. | yes |
17,313,834 | Does [ Retinoic acid inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced injury in human lung epithelial cells ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the proliferation and apoptosis of type II lung alveolar epithelial cells and the regulation of retinoic acid (RA) to this effect.",
"Human type II lung alveolar epithelial cells of the line A569 were cultured and divided into ... | RA relieves the injury of alveolar epithelial cells and protects the pulmonary surfactant by inhibiting the destruction of TNF-alpha to type II lung alveolar epithelial cells. | yes |
17,317,033 | Are biologic markers of breast cancer in nipple aspirate fluid and nipple discharge associated with clinical findings? | {
"contexts": [
"The aim of this prospective study was to assess predictive markers in nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and pathologic nipple discharge (PND) collected prior to excisional breast biopsy, as well as clinical factors available prior to biopsy, with histopathologic results in women with a radiographically... | NAF and clinical biomarkers are sensitive predictors of whether a breast contains cancer, and may ultimately help guide treatment. Future studies to determine the optimal combination of predictive markers are warranted. | yes |
17,312,229 | Does prophylactic [ corrected ] granisetron prevent postdelivery nausea and vomiting during elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia? | {
"contexts": [
"Intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV) during cesarean delivery (CD) under regional anesthesia has multiple etiologies, and the role of prophylactic antiemetics for prevention of IONV remains controversial. In this trial we sought to determine the efficacy of granisetron for prevention of IONV... | Despite strict control of the causative factors, IONV still affects 18% of patients undergoing elective CD, and prophylactic granisetron 1 mg is ineffective under the studied circumstances. | no |
17,312,224 | Does acupuncture stimulation of ST36 ( Zusanli ) attenuate acute renal but not hepatic injury in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rats? | {
"contexts": [
"We sought to determine the effects of ST36 acupuncture on sepsis-induced kidney and liver injuries.",
"A total of 120 rats were randomized into 10 groups: 1) lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 2) normal saline (N/S), 3) LPS + ST36, 4) ST36, 5) LPS + P-ST36, 6) P-ST36, 7) LPS + Sham, 8) Sham, 9) LPS + ... | ST36 acupuncture pretreatment significantly attenuated sepsis-induced kidney, but not liver, injury in rats, whereas ST36 acupuncture performed after sepsis induction had no protective effects against sepsis-induced organ injuries. | yes |
17,329,308 | Does cia25 on rat chromosome 12 regulate severity of autoimmune arthritis induced with pristane and with collagen? | {
"contexts": [
"A genomewide scan in a DA x ACI F2 intercross studied for collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) identified the severity quantitative trait locus Cia25 on rat chromosome 12. Cia25 co-localises with loci regulating several forms of autoimmune diseases in rats, mice and humans, suggesting a common gene."... | Cia25 contains a gene that regulates disease severity in two distinct models of autoimmune arthritis. Although both genders were protected in arthritis studies, only male congenic rats had a dramatic reduction in levels of anti-CII, suggesting the possibility of a second arthritis gene in this interval that operates vi... | yes |
17,309,805 | Do baculovirus-mediated gene transfer and recombinant protein expression interfere with insulin dependent phosphorylation of PKB/Akt in human SHSY-5Y and C3A cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recombinant adenovirus vectors and transfection agents comprising cationic lipids are widely used as gene delivery vehicles for functional expression in cultured cells. Consequently, these tools are utilized to investigate the effects of functional over-expression of proteins on insulin mediated ... | Widely-used adenovirus vectors for gene delivery cause a state of insulin unresponsiveness in human SHSY-5Y and C3A cells in culture due to the activation of central protein kinases of the insulin signalling pathway. This phenomenon can be avoided when studying insulin signalling by using recombinant baculovirus as a h... | no |
17,302,775 | Do human cord blood CD133+ cells immunoselected by a clinical-grade apparatus differentiate in vitro into endothelial- and cardiomyocyte-like cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Recent findings on human hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) properties suggest a possible therapeutic role of human umbilical cord blood (UCB) HSC-based cellular therapies in the treatment of myocardial infarction.",
"Nine UCB units were subjected to sequential red cell removal, freezing, and post... | The appearance of both endothelial- and cardiomyocyte-like cells from parallel cultures of frozen-thawed-immunoselected UCB CD133+ cells by a clinical-grade method and previously reported data on lack of major signs of rejection of these cells in immunocompetent rats subjected to experimental liver damage suggest a pos... | yes |
17,326,144 | Is the G-protein coupled bile salt receptor TGR5 expressed in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) constitute a permeable barrier between hepatocytes and blood. SEC are exposed to high concentrations of bile salts from the enterohepatic circulation. Whether SEC are responsive to bile salts is unknown. TGR5, a G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor, which trigge... | The data suggest that SEC are directly responsive toward specific bile salts. Regulation of eNOS in SEC by TGR5 connects bile salts with hepatic hemodynamics. This is of particular importance in cholestatic livers when bile salt concentrations are increased. | yes |
17,320,845 | Does deletion of the sphingosine kinase-1 gene influence cell fate during hypoxia and glucose deprivation in adult mouse cardiomyocytes? | {
"contexts": [
"Activation of sphingosine kinase (SphK), which has two known isoforms, is responsible for the synthesis of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), a cell survival factor. We tested the following hypotheses: 1] cardiac myocytes null for the SphK1 gene are more vulnerable to the stress of hypoxia+glucose de... | As the effect of GM-1 is blocked both at the receptor and the G-protein (Gi) levels, we conclude that S1P generated by GM-1 treatment must be exported from the cell and acts in a paracrine or autocrine manner to couple with its cognate receptor. | yes |
17,327,374 | Do proteasome inhibitors synergize with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand to induce anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell death? | {
"contexts": [
"Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive types of cancer characterized by complete refractoriness to multimodal treatment approaches. Therapeutic strategies based on the simultaneous use of proteasome inhibitors and death receptor ligands have been shown to induce apoptosi... | The combination of proteasome inhibitors and TRAIL synergizes to induce the destruction of chemoresistant neoplastic thyrocytes and could represent a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. | yes |
17,327,375 | Does fasting hyperglycemia impair glucose- but not insulin-mediated suppression of glucagon secretion? | {
"contexts": [
"Our aim was to assess the effect of chronic hyperglycemia on glucose- and insulin-mediated suppression of glucagon secretion by the alpha-cell.",
"Thirty subjects with normal glucose tolerance, 27 with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance, and 32 type 2 diabetic subjects... | Insulin-mediated suppression of glucagon secretion is unrelated to the fasting plasma glucose concentration and is not impaired by chronic hyperglycemia. Thus, the defect in plasma glucagon suppression during the OGTT most likely results from impaired glucose-mediated glucagon suppression. The close correlation between... | yes |
17,327,376 | Is nectin-1 a marker of thyroid cancer sensitivity to herpes oncolytic therapy? | {
"contexts": [
"The prognosis for patients diagnosed with anaplastic thyroid cancer is dismal, with a median survival time of only 6 months. Novel therapies are needed for these and other thyroid cancers that are refractory to conventional therapy.",
"Our goals were to assess the ability of an attenuated, re... | NV1023 causes significant cytotoxicity of anaplastic, medullary, and papillary thyroid cancers. Nectin-1 is a novel marker of thyroid cancer sensitivity to herpes oncolytic therapy that might guide patient selection for therapy. | yes |
17,327,608 | Do tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict sentinel lymph node positivity in patients with cutaneous melanoma? | {
"contexts": [
"Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are considered a manifestation of the host immune response to tumor, but the influence of TILs on outcome remains controversial. Studies evaluating the prognostic significance of TILs were published before routine examination of draining lymph nodes by sentin... | The absence of TILs, together with increasing Breslow thickness, presence of ulceration and male sex, predicts SLN metastasis in patients undergoing SLN biopsy for primary cutaneous melanoma. | yes |
17,313,947 | Are pinopodes present in Lif null and Hoxa10 null mice? | {
"contexts": [
"To assess pinopode formation in Lif null and Hoxa10 null mice with infertility secondary to failed implantation.",
"Controlled animal experiment.",
"Animal research and laboratory facility.",
"Lif null, Hoxa10 null, and ICR mice and Sprague-Dawley rats.",
"Endometrial tissue was c... | Lif null and Hoxa10 null mice, in which implantation is impaired, have a similar number of pinopodes to fertile ICR mice. Pinopodes do not define a window of implantation in mice. | yes |
17,326,406 | Do [ The protect effect of flavonoids from Cuscuta chinensis in PC12 cells from damage induced by H2O2 ]? | {
"contexts": [
"To study the protective effects of flavonoids from Cuscuta chinensis (CF) on oxidative stress in cultured PC12 cells and investigate the mechanism of the effects.",
"The cell viability was analyzed by MTT method and the radical scavenging activity of CF was examined by DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-p... | CF can protect PC12 cells against oxidative stress. The mechanism of it may be the ability of scavenging ROS and increasing the activity of antioxidant enzyme. | yes |
17,318,789 | Does the angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist valsartan attenuate pathological ventricular hypertrophy induced by hyperhomocysteinemia in rats? | {
"contexts": [
"Clinical and experimental studies have reported the role of homocysteine in ventricular hypertrophy. Activation of the renin-angiotensin system mediated by angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor has also been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis of ventricular hypertrophy. There are also rep... | Results from this study suggest that hyperhomocysteinemia-induced hypertension and ventricular hypertrophy in rats are mediated, at least partly; by Ang II activation of AT1-receptors. | yes |
17,310,867 | Do kinetics of NREM delta EEG power density across NREM periods depend on age and on delta-band designation? | {
"contexts": [
"(1) To determine whether children and elderly exhibit the atypical kinetics of very low frequency (VLF) power found in young adults, (2) to test the hypothesis that variations in \"delta\" bandwidth designations can explain discrepancies in whether normalized delta power density declines across n... | The findings that all normalized "delta" electroencephalogram bands in children showed a curvilinear decline across NREMPs that was steeper than that in young adults confirms observations of others and refutes our hypothesis that the decline would be linear with the same slope we found in young adults and elderly. Whet... | yes |
17,303,367 | Is depression associated with worse patency and recurrent leg symptoms after lower extremity revascularization? | {
"contexts": [
"Depression is associated with worse outcomes after coronary artery bypass surgery, but its association with the results after revascularization for symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is unknown. This study assessed the association between depression and patency, recurrent symptoms, and... | Depression is common among patients undergoing intervention for symptomatic PAD. After intervention, patients with depression have worse outcomes for the affected leg. Prospective analysis is required to confirm these results. | yes |
17,307,126 | Is somatostatin-receptor-targeted alpha-emitting 213Bi therapeutically more effective than beta ( - ) -emitting 177Lu in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells? | {
"contexts": [
"Advance clinical cancer therapy studies of patients treated with somatostatin receptor (sstr)-targeted [DOTA(0)-Tyr(3)]octreotide (DOTATOC) labeled with low-linear-energy-transfer (LET) beta(-)-emitters have shown overall response rates in the range of 15-33%. In order to improve outcomes, we sou... | In conclusion, at the same absorbed dose, [(213)Bi]DOTATOC is therapeutically more effective in decreasing survival than is [(177)Lu]DOTATOC in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells due to its comparatively higher RBE. | yes |
17,299,476 | Is stearic acid well absorbed from short- and long-acyl-chain triacylglycerol in an acute test meal? | {
"contexts": [
"Absorption of stearic acid from natural oils has been shown to be efficient, but it is claimed to be lower from short- and long-acyl-chain triacylyglycerol molecules (Salatrim). The aim was to measure the apparent absorption of stearic acid from Salatrim fat in an acute test meal.",
"Double-b... | The apparent absorption of stearic acid does not differ from its absorption from natural fats. The status of Salatrim as a low-energy fat substitute needs to be re-evaluated. | yes |
17,300,376 | Does repeat trigeminal nerve radiosurgery for refractory cluster headache fail to provide long-term pain relief? | {
"contexts": [
"Medically refractory cluster headache (MRCH) is a debilitating condition that has proven resistant to many modalities. Previous reports have indicated that radiosurgery for MRCH provides little long-term pain relief, with moderate/significant morbidity. However, there have been no reports of repe... | Repeat radiosurgery of the trigeminal nerve fails to provide long-term pain relief for MRCH. Given the reported failures of initial and repeat radiosurgery for MRCH, trigeminal nerve radiosurgery should not be offered for MRCH. | yes |
17,323,402 | Does prevalence and correlate of disruptive behavior in patients in Norwegian nursing homes? | {
"contexts": [
"Although Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) increase with increasing dementia severity, and institutionalization of an individual with dementia is often caused by behavioral symptoms, relatively few studies have explored the prevalence of BPSD in nursing homes.",
"To stu... | Symptoms of agitation were common, but may nevertheless be lower compared to findings in other geographical areas. Further studies are warranted to test this hypothesis, and if confirmed, to explore possible causes for such differences. | yes |
17,320,451 | Is acute lower limb ischemia a frequent complication of severe diabetic hyperosmolarity? | {
"contexts": [
"To describe the outcome of intensive care unit (ICU) patients admitted with a hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar non-ketotic syndrome (HHNS), with a specific analysis of precipitating conditions and complications including lower limb ischemia.",
"Retrospective review of patients admitted in a univer... | HHNS is a rare but life-threatening cause of ICU admission. There is a high incidence of lower limb ischemia in HHNS patients, which may be related to dehydration and blood hyperviscosity. | yes |
17,314,070 | Does early-phase endotoxic shock-induced myocardial injury increase iNOS and selectin expression in macaque primate? | {
"contexts": [
"Our previous study has established a macaque model with early-phase endotoxic shock. The present study further investigated myocardial and blood vessel injury in Macaques by examining the subsequent expression of ACP, selectins, iNOS, and cTnI in response to LPS treatment.",
"In an experiment... | The increase of iNOS, L-selectin and P-selectin protein expression following endotoxin administration may have caused vessel injury and myocardial damage in macaques. | yes |
17,323,050 | Do meta-regression analysis of high-frequency ventilation vs conventional ventilation in infant respiratory distress syndrome? | {
"contexts": [
"There is considerable heterogeneity among randomized trials comparing high-frequency ventilation (HFV) with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) in premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. We investigated what factors explained differences in outcome among these trials.",
"... | Variation in ventilation strategies that were used in trials comparing HFV with CMV in premature neonates offered the most likely explanation for the observed differences in the outcome of these trials compared with other explanatory factors. | yes |
17,307,038 | Do lRP5 coding polymorphisms influence the variation of peak bone mass in a normal population of French-Canadian women? | {
"contexts": [
"Bone mineral density has a strong genetic component but it is also influenced by environmental factors making it a complex trait to study. LRP5 gene was previously shown to be involved in rare diseases affecting bone mass. Mutations associated with gain-of-function were described as well as loss-... | The two LRP5 polymorphisms were found to be associated with all five bone measures (L2L4 and femoral neck DXA as well as heel SOS, BUA and stiffness index) in the whole sample. Premenopausal women drove the association as expected from the proposed role of LRP5 in peak bone mass. Our results suggest that the Val667Met ... | yes |
17,321,168 | Do women have thinner cartilage and smaller joint surfaces than men after adjustment for body height and weight? | {
"contexts": [
"Females have a higher incidence of knee osteoarthritis (OA) than males, but the reason for this is unclear. Here we examine the hypothesis that women have smaller joint surfaces than men, independent of weight and height, and thus encounter higher articular pressures that might contribute to the ... | Men have greater knee cABs, ThC and VC than females even after correction for height and weight. Nonetheless, estimated tibial and patellar pressures are similar between sexes and thus are unlikely to account for the sex differences in OA incidence. | yes |
17,301,565 | Does pRO 2000 elicit a decline in genital tract immune mediators without compromising intrinsic antimicrobial activity? | {
"contexts": [
"Vaginal microbicides should protect against infection without disrupting the mucosal environment or its mediators of host defense. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of 14 daily applications of 0.5% PRO 2000 or placebo gel on mediators of mucosal immunity and intrinsic antimicr... | In contrast to experience with nonoxynol-9, PRO 2000 did not trigger an inflammatory response in cervicovaginal secretions. There was a modest reduction in mucosal immune mediators, but this loss was not associated with a reduction in intrinsic antimicrobial activity. | yes |
17,305,733 | Is leucine 7-proline 7 polymorphism in the signal peptide of neuropeptide Y a risk factor for exudative age-related macular degeneration? | {
"contexts": [
"Because of the regulatory role of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in angiogenesis, we set out to determine the presence of the leucine 7-proline 7 (Leu7Pro) polymorphism in exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients and to analyse its implications.",
"Genotype analysis of the Leu7Pro poly... | Leu7Pro polymorphism in the signal peptide region of the human prepro-NPY is not a risk factor for exudative AMD. | no |
17,329,275 | Does high-altitude ancestry protect against hypoxia-associated reductions in fetal growth? | {
"contexts": [
"The chronic hypoxia of high-altitude (>/=2500 m) residence has been shown to decrease birth weight in all populations studied to date. However, multigenerational high-altitude populations appear protected relative to newcomer groups. This study aimed to determine whether such protection exists in... | Andean relative to European ancestry protects against altitude-associated reductions in fetal growth. The intermediate protection seen in the admixed (Mestizo) group is consistent with the influence of genetic or other Andean-specific protective characteristics. | yes |
17,309,748 | Are genetic polymorphisms of NOD1 and IL-8 , but not polymorphisms of TLR4 genes , associated with Helicobacter pylori-induced duodenal ulcer and gastritis? | {
"contexts": [
"Intracellular pathogen receptor NOD1 is involved in the epithelial cell sensing Helicobacter pylori, which results in a considerable interleukin (IL)-8 production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between NOD1 and IL-8 genetic polymorphisms and the development of H. pylori-i... | E266K CARD4/NOD1, but not the TLR4 gene polymorphism increases the risk of peptic ulceration in H. pylori-positive patients. The -251 IL-8 polymorphism was significantly associated with either gastritis or DU in H. pylori-infected subjects. Host factors including intracellular pathogen receptors and IL-8 production pla... | yes |
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