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1. Introduction {#sec0005}
===============
Testicular trauma can be classified aetiologically as blunt, penetrating or degloving. Blunt testicular trauma accounts for the majority of cases, typically affecting males aged 15--40 years of age [@bib0005]. Interpersonal violence, sporting injuries and road traffic acciden... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
As a major public health concern worldwide, cancer is responsible for one in four deaths in the USA and Canada \[[@pone.0144890.ref001],[@pone.0144890.ref002]\]. Ovarian and pancreatic cancers are two aggr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
The Wnt pathway is a highly conserved signaling pathway throughout evolution. It controls numerous stages of embryo development and adult tissue homeostasis through atiming- and location-specific activation \[[@R1], [@R2]\]. The pathway a timing is closely controlled by an overabundance... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Plastids of higher plants, mosses, and algae contain lipoprotein particles known as plastoglobules (PGs) ([@CIT0033]). PGs are surrounded by a lipid monolayer membrane, are found in both non-photosynthetic and photosynthetic tissues, and are associated with the thylakoids in chloroplast... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The access, primary attribute of the quality in health care -- access to structures and care processes in a timely manner, receiving effective care[@B1] -- directly influences the quality of primary health care (PHC).
In the last ten years, there has been a significant increase in population... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The prevalence of doping in sports and fitness is an issue of current concern for a healthy society, and in particular for all those involved in sports, for example for evaluating anti-doping policy measures \[[@CR1]--[@CR3]\]. Its evaluation for the general population, however, is no... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was alerted to a case of pneumonia of unknown cause that originated from China \[[@ref1]\]. The causative pathogen was a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the disease it causes is now ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-20-05315}
===============
Aloperine, a quinolizidine alkaloid isolated from *Sophora alopecuroides*, reportedly exhibits multiple pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiallergenic, antiviral, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and antitumor effects; moreover, it exhibits ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-21-00469}
===============
The liver is an organ that spans a large variety of different functions in the body: energy metabolism, detoxification, and production of serum proteins and bile, just to mention a few \[[@B1-ijms-21-00469]\]. Consequently, liver disease or liver toxicity that caus... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Over the last three decades, many issues have arisen that affect the sustainable use of antibiotics and antifungal drugs. These issues include serious side effects such as the nephrotoxicity that can occur with long term use of the antifungal amphotericin B ([@B20]), the emergence of multidru... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Systems biology, a multidisciplinary field of research, is suddenly gaining new attention from scientists in both academia and industry. It involves the construction of quantitatively predictive models of biological systems with the aim of understanding, predicting and controlling physiological behaviour by integrating... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the manuscript.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Both diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nephropathy are typical microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is well known that the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and DR increases proportionally to the disease duratio... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Recent Controversies: Carcinogenic Cosmetics and Personal Care Products
=======================================================================
There have been numerous controversies surrounding cosmetics and their chemical constituents with carcinogenesis. Examples include associations of parabens and aluminum with b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Few attempts have been made to model learning of sensory-motor control using spiking neural units. We trained a 2-degree-of-freedom virtual arm to reach for a target using a spiking-neuron model of motor cortex that maps proprioceptive representations of limb position to motor commands and undergoes learning based on r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Hemozoin \[heʺmo-zoʹin\]
========================
From the Greek *haima* ("blood") + *zoon* ("animal"), hemozoin ([Figure](#F1){ref-type="fig"}) is a pigment produced by malaria parasites from hemoglobin in the host's red blood cells. This pigment was first observed by Johann Heinrich Meckel in 1847 in the blood and s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#s1}
==========
The Star-fruit plant (family: Oxalidaceae; species: Averrhoa carambola L.) is widely distributed around the world, especially in tropical countries such as India, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Philippines. This Star-fruit plant belongs to the genus, Averrhoa, which contains 5 species, namely A. ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
DNA methylation studies have been traditionally concerned with 5-methylcytosine (5mC), mostly in the context of CpG dinucleotides, which until recently was the only epigenetic modification of DNA with known biological function. The rediscovery of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
We previously reported that simultaneously stimulating CD3 on T cells and CD40 on B cells augments the antitumor reactivity of tumor-draining lymph node (TDLN) cells \[[@R1]\]. Furthermore, we demonstrated that *in vivo* sensitized and *in vitro* activated TDLN B cells mediate tumor reg... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Cervical cancer is one of the common cancers in women worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, the incidence of cervical cancer ranks first in 28 countries and it is the leading cause of female deaths in 42 countries and it is estimated that 570,000 new cases and 311,000 dea... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Self-ligating brackets have been introducted for their advantages in orthodontic treatment: they are able to reduce unwanted friction ([@B1]), eliminate the requirement for elastomeric ligatures ([@B2]), insure more certain archwire engagement ([@B3]) and offer faster archwire removal and lig... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
I[NTRODUCTION]{.smallcaps} {#sec1-1}
==========================
Studies have demonstrated that although the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly population of China is high, resulting in a heavy disease burden, the awareness, treatment and prevention of chronic diseases are generally poor in China.\[[@ref1][@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The ubiquity of NPs in daily life as well as their utilization as versatile tools in biomedicine has received increased attention among scientists in the field of nanotechnology. In this context, particularly non-metal oxide NPs, such as amorphous silica (SiO~2~) and polymeric NPs are... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic progressive disease which is characterized by an inexorable decline in respiratory function, exercise capacity, and health status. This chronic clinical course of COPD is punctuated by periods of increased symptoms that are termed "acu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s0001}
============
Clinical research trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry have profound impacts on the practice of medicine.[@cit0001] The industry can support a number of trials at all stages of a product's life with significant financial investment assigned to the innovation.[@cit0002] The... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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![](monjmedsci89775-0030... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (MRSA) is an opportunistic pathogen that colonizes humans as well as animals ([@B33]). In humans, MRSA causes a wide range of infections including skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and invasive infections such as pneumonia and endocar... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the manuscript and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Climate change can strongly influence agriculture with temperature extremes, cold temperatures being a significant cause of damage in limiting crop yield. Although rice (*Oryza sativa* L.), is one of ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
In situ cholangiocarcinoma, i.e., epithelial carcinoma without submucosal invasion, is asymptomatic and very difficult to detect by multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) or direct cholangiography. Thus, this type of carcinoma is rarely resected with a preoperative definitive diagno... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Endovascular treatment (EVT) for iliofemoral artery lesions has become common in the last decade due to technical developments related to self-expandable nitinol stents, and EVT is now an alternative first-line treatment with long-term outcomes that are not inferior to those after surgery.[@b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Plants from the genus *Oenanthe* (Umbelliferae family) are among the most poisonous species of the European flora.([@ref1]) They bear a general resemblance to parsnip and carrot and are still a cause of often fatal human poisonings.([@ref1]) Sardinian *Oenanthe* species have a special ethnopharmacological relevance, be... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Hintergrund {#Sec1}
===========
Alexander Langmuir definierte 1963 die „Surveillance von Krankheiten" als „eine kontinuierliche Beobachtung von Verteilung, Trends und Inzidenz durch systematische Sammlung, Konsolidierung und Evaluation von Berichten über Morbidität, Mortalität und anderer relevanter Daten". Diese Defi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
These third party data are available from NIH GRASP. The authors did not have any special access privileges and interested researchers can access the data at <https://grasp.nhlbi.nih.gov/FullResults.aspx> (Trait(s): Ankle injury).
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Ankle sprains and strains are the most common muscu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Jin C, Li Z, Zheng X, et al. Development and validation of T‐ARMS‐PCR to detect CYP2C19\*17 allele. J Clin Lab Anal. 2020;34:e23005 10.1002/jcla.23005
1. INTRODUCTION {#jcla23005-sec-0005}
===============
P450 cytochromes (CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes with an absorbance peak of 450 nm. They play critical roles ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT), also known as hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, is classified into two major categories: type 1 and type 2 based on the value of motor median nerve conduction velocity (NCV) \[[@B1]\]. CMT1, also known as the demyelinating form of CMT, is clinic... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1_1}
============
Laser retinal photocoagulation is the gold standard treatment for diabetic retinopathy. This treatment partially destroys the outer retina, reducing oxygen demand and the production of inflammatory cytokines. This increases vitreous oxygenation and induces vasoconstriction. Recently... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The SHRSP represents a suitable animal model for the investigation of the etiopathogenetic basis of hypertensive target organ damage.^[@bib1]^ Feeding SHRSP with JD accelerates both renal and cerebrovascular damage occurrence^[@bib2],\ [@bib3]^ with renal damage preceding stroke.^[@bib2],\ [@bib4],\ [@bib5]^ The gene e... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .142}
{#sp2 .143}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
New and more efficient ways to make use the internal energy converted into heat in electronic devices are of crucial importance for a sustainable future^[@CR1],[@CR2]^. In this field, the engineering of magnetostrictive films onto flexible substrates is an exciting area of research wi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
The family *Brassicaceae* (= *Cruciferae*) consists of 350 genera and about 3500 species, and includes several genera such as *Camelina*, *Crambe*, *Sinapis*, *Thlaspi*, and *Brassica*. The genus *Brassica* is the most important one within the tribe Brassiceae, which includes some c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Related literature {#sec1}
==================
For related literature, see: Brahadeeswaran *et al.* (1998[@bb3], 1999[@bb2]); Jonie Varjula *et al*. (2007[@bb8]); Milton Boaz *et al*. (2005[@bb9]); Vesta *et al.* (2007[@bb11]).
Experimental {#sec2}
============
{#sec2.1}
### Crystal data {#sec2.1.1}
\[Ba(C~6~H~2~N... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Genomic Stability, Inflammation, and Aging {#sec1}
=============================================
Aging has been defined as a progressive postmaturational decline in physiological capacity, accompanied by an increased susceptibility to disease and an increased mortality risk. Mechanisms to maintain genomic stability... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#shil12374-sec-0001}
============
The UK has been recognised as a global leader in health inequalities research and policy, with recent government‐led policy efforts to reduce health inequalities being described as 'historically and internationally unique' (Mackenbach [2011](#shil12374-bib-0026){ref-type... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Mit Beschluss vom 22. November 2019 hat der Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss (G-BA) eine Richtlinie zur Versorgung der hüftgelenknahen Femurfraktur erlassen. Nach Prüfung durch das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und Veröffentlichung im Bundesanzeiger sollte die Richtlinie am 1. Juli 2020 in Kraft treten. Aufgrund der C... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
During the routine care of children, painful invasive procedures such as venipuncture for the withdrawal of blood for hematological testing are usually inevitable in healthy and sick subjects. The importance of pain assessment and pain management is widely acknowledged ([@ref-7]), and allevia... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare disorder characterized by progressive rigidity and stiffness. SPS characteristically affects the truncal or axial muscles, and may lead to chronic pain, spasms, postural deformities and impaired motility. Variants of SPS, including stiff limb synd... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer worldwide. Metastatic CRC (mCRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-linked death, and the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab can be used to treat Kirsten rat sarcoma (*KRAS*) wi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Chromium occurs in the environment mostly in two species, i.e. as a trivalent (III) and hexavalent (VI) form. Chromium has been proposed as an essential element; however, recent studies suggest that it should be removed from the list of essential trace elements. It was shown that Cr(I... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction
================
The incubation period is a common feature of infection by pathogenic viruses. It is defined as the time between infection by a pathogen and the onset of symptoms. Determining the incubation periods of different pathogens assists health authorities control and track the progress of an ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s0001}
============
Inflammation is a complex process mediated by the activation of various immune cells. Many studies have shown that inflammation is associated with various human diseases, including cancer (Pan and Ho [@CIT0030]). Macrophages play an important role in various inflammatory responses by... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The use of pedigreed colonies remains a powerful resource to study many phenotypes of interest in great detail, yet among companion animals, specifically dogs and cats, large well-maintained pedigrees for such use are rare and not readily available. Given this rarity, their optimal use in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The images for Figs 3 and 4 are incorrectly switched. The image that appears as Fig 3 should be Fig 4, and the image that appears as Fig 4 should be Fig 3. The figure captions appear in the correct order.
![Examples of biofilms at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h.\
Examples of biofilms at the timepoints examined during these exper... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Documentation, analysis, and prevention of the harmful effects of armed conflict on populations are established public health priorities \[[@pmed-0050243-b001]\]. Although public health research on war is increasingly framed in human rights terms \[[@pmed-0050243-b006]\], general public health methods are typically app... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S5}
============
Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation and bronchospasms, affects both children and adults. Typical symptoms include wheezing, dyspnea, and tachypnea. Characteristics of the disease are frequent exacerbations, which may require systemic therapy and hospitali... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) of the mesencephalon/rostral pons contains the majority of neurons in the brain that use serotonin (5-HT) as a neurotransmitter[@b1]. Through activation of a diverse assortment of receptors distributed throughout the forebrain (14 5-HT receptors subtypes have been described to date in mam... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
The 5-year survival rate of women with breast cancer has been improving steadily for the past 5 years, but metastasis to distant sites still limits survival for patients who have undergone radical surgery \[[@R1], [@R2]\]. Approximately one-third of women with early-stage breast cancer ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the third leading cause of global cancer mortality, with an estimated 951,600 new cases and 723,100 deaths in 2012.[@b1-dddt-11-2595],[@b2-dddt-11-2595] Depending on GC classification and stage, clinical therapeutic regimens i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-jcm-09-00559}
===============
Wound healing follows a series of complex overlapping processes that leads to closure of the wound and restoration of the epithelial layer, including hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation and tissue remodeling \[[@B1-jcm-09-00559]\].
After an injury to skin,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Burn injury is associated with a complex pathophysiological response with rapidly cascading influences impacting on the whole of the patient with multisystem disruption.\[[@CR1]\] The injury results in physical and psychological sequel such that every very intervention from the point ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Plain-language summary
======================
An important part of managing COPD is self-management by the patient. With IT-based self-management programs, patients can do this from their own home, which is easier for them and more cost-effective for the health care provider. Our goal was to explore how a generic Inte... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Understanding racial disparities in breast cancer is complicated by the fact disparities vary among the different breast cancer subtypes. Characterizing the social inequalities that give rise to each of these disparities is necessary to inform preventive interventions and work toward he... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive types of human malignancy, exhibiting an overall 5-year survival rate of \<2%, and is the fourth most common cause of cancer-associated mortality in the western world ([@b1-mmr-12-04-4843]). PC is characterized by rapid disease development ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Biology is replete with periodically patterned elements, from the sensory bristles of a fruit fly to the hair and teeth of mammals. Models of periodic patterning seek to explain the developmental origin of boundaries separating adjacent repetitive structures and the maintenance of cellular compar... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijerph-16-03584}
===============
Today's adolescents are generally considered as the digital generation \[[@B1-ijerph-16-03584]\]. They have grown up using mobile phones, which have become an important part of their life and have reshaped their social life and behavior. Although mobile phones ha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
See related research by Phillips *et al.*, <http://ccforum.com/content/13/2/R30>
In the present issue of *Critical Care*an experimental model of hemorrhagic shock in pigs describes a significant difference in the extent of lung injury as assessed by the extravascular lung water (EVLW) between two crystalloid solutions... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-molecules-25-01319}
===============
The Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF, β-[d]{.smallcaps}-Gal*p*-(1,3)-α-[d]{.smallcaps}-GalNAc*p*) antigen is a tumor associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA) that has significant roles in the progression of carcinomas of the breast, colon, prostate, liver, and more \[[@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The four circulating serotypes of dengue virus (DENV1-4) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses that cause 390 million human infections annually [@bib0001]. Approximately 25% of these infections result in symptoms ranging from a mild fever to a potentially fatal disease characterized by hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome [@b... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
*Pseudomonas aeruginosa* is considered one of the main Gram-negative bacteria causing health-care associated infections ([@B1]). In the hospital setting, *P. aeruginosa* is widely present in the environment and can be retrieved from different sources, such as respiratory therapy equipme... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
To the Editor:
==============
In 2018, I embarked on my residency interviews along with thousands of other hopeful residents and crisscrossed the country exploring opportunities for my education. As a former natural resource major with a thesis on climate change, I could not help but feel guilt for the hefty contribut... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In collaboration with [C&EN](http://cen.acs.org/index.html).
[Natia Frank](http://franklabuvic.org/) wants to reduce the energy consumption of future computers. The University of Victoria chemist designs and studies novel organic electronic materials, and she recently developed [a material](https://patentscope.wipo.in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1}
============
The global spread of carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO) has been highlighted by international health authorities as a critical public health concern ([@B1][@B2][@B3]). Containment of this spread, currently recommended in North American and European infection control guidelines, i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Rheumatology key messagesA quarter of RA patients show only low to moderate adherence to adalimumab.Illness and treatment beliefs are the major influences on adherence to adalimumab among RA patients.Higher perceived support from health professionals and family may improve adherence to adalimumab in RA.
Introduction
=... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Editorial Note on the Review Process
====================================
[F1000 Faculty Reviews](http://f1000research.com/browse/f1000-faculty-reviews) are commissioned from members of the prestigious [F1000 Faculty](http://f1000.com/prime/thefaculty) and are edited as a service to readers. In order to make these rev... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
When Aldo Leopold saw "a fierce green fire dying" in the eyes of a gray wolf he'd just shot, he recognized that his actions taken in the hope of creating a "hunters' paradise" of deer was ill conceived \[[@pbio.3000090.ref001]\]. Most of the world now recognizes that apex predators have great intrinsic value as well as... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Early embryo growth arrest is a unique form of spontaneous abortion, which is characterized by absent fetal development or fetal death in the first-trimester of pregnancy ([@b1-mmr-16-01-0591],[@b2-mmr-16-01-0591]). With the environmental pollution and increasing life stress in populations, a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The neonatal cardiac tissue dilplay high tissue proliferation and differentiation, but these processes subside within the first week after birth^[@CR1],[@CR2]^. Indeed, neonatal cardiomyocytes proliferate well up to the first postnatal week^[@CR3]^. After this period, even though ther... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All nucleotide accession files are available from the HIV Sequence Database (accession numbers: AY423971, AY423984, AY424079, AY424138, AY424163, DQ388514-DQ388517, DQ411851-DQ411854, DQ422948, DQ435682, DQ435684, FJ443190, FJ443274, FJ443316, FJ443382, FJ443533, FJ443575, FJ443639, FJ443670, FJ443711, FJ443808, FJ4438... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Macrocyclic species based on transition metal compounds and multidentate ligands is an interesting field in chemistry and has been the subject of extensive research due to their potential applications in building block macrocyclic-based chemistry \[[@B1], [@B2]\] and environment... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Understanding human population genetic structure remains important for gaining insights into human history and demography, as well as for investigating genetic diseases in relation to geography and ancestry[@b1][@b2][@b3]. Historically, human population divergence is assessed using approaches from a variety of discipli... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Electrochemotherapy is a local treatment of cancer which combines the use of a medical device with pharmaceutical agents to achieve local tumor control in solid cancers. The procedure consists of applying short high-intensity pulsed electric fields to cells, in response to which, the plasma m... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Lung cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed tumors and continually leads to many deaths worldwide.[@b1-ott-9-6083] There were an estimated 1.8 million new cases of lung cancer in 2012, which occurred in the developing countries, accounting for 58% of the total cases. An estimated 1,987,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
In environmental health research, focus has shifted from relatively simple to more complex issues. Empirical single agent -- single effect studies have been supplemented by research on risks of complex environmental exposures in varying economic, cultural and political settings. Environmental hea... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Innovations in genomic technologies provide new tools for enhancing productivity and wellbeing of domestic animals. Genomic selection, where genetic merit is predicted from genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes \[[@B1],[@B2]\], is used in the dairy industries in a number of c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In fish, the sex reversal of reproductive organs can be induced by treatment with sex steroids during sexual differentiation in juveniles. This experimentally induced sex change was first described in medaka[@b1], and artificial sex change has been intensively studied since[@b2]. Although these experiments demonstrated... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat to health and to healthcare system sustainability (O'Neill [@CR14]). An increase in AMR could threaten the safety of surgery, cancer treatment and immunosuppressive strategies and could cost trillions by 2050 (O'Neill [@CR15]). De... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
Resident and infiltrating leukocytes have an important role in sight-threatening diseases of the eye. Substantial evidence exists to confirm not only that activation and altered immune responses happen in uveitic syndromes ([@DMM019018C12]) but that they may also occur in the form of pa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which results from defects in insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, and increased glucose production by the liver \[[@B1]--[@B3]\]. The liver plays a critic... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Early life is a sensitive time period for brain development where adverse experiences can have far-reaching consequences. Nearly one million cases of child maltreatment are reported in the United States each year, which includes reports of neglect, physical abuse, and sexual abuse \[[... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) encompasses a group of disorders presenting with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA), thrombocytopenia, and ischemic organ damage, most frequently of the kidneys and the central nervous system \[[@b1], [@b2]\].
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Growing amounts of evidence are showing the influence of sex (i.e., biological determinants) and/or gender (that includes socio-cultural matter) on pathological conditions and clinical outcomes \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. Differences have been detected in a number of either transmissible or n... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Heart failure (HF) is defined as the inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to meet the body demands. Heart failure is a major public health problem especially in the aging population (≥65 years old), affecting nearly 5 million Americans and 15 million European people. ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
No disease-modifying treatments are currently available for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and affected end-stage joints are often surgically replaced ([@ref-14]). OA was once viewed as mechanical wear-and-tear of the cartilage, but in recent years there is increasing evidence that OA i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Image en médecine {#sec1}
=================
Nous rapportons une observation rare d'un adénocarcinome du sinus sphénoïdal se présentant sous forme d'une tumeur extensive de la base du crâne. Il s'agissait d'une patiente de 42 ans qui a consulté pour une symptomatologie unilatérale droite faite d'une obstruction nasale,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Supported by the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases (U01 grants DK 62497 to J.A.B., DK 62470 to S.J.K., DK 62481 to K.M.L., DK 62456 to C.S., DK 62466 to V.V., DK 62453 to R.J.S., DK 84538 to K.W., DK 62436 to E.A., and DK 642453 to V.L.N.); the National Center for Advancing Translational Sc... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found at: <http://f1000.com/prime/reports/b/5/2>
Introduction {#s01}
============
Flexibility and disorder are two different concepts. When it applies to a polypeptide chain that has hundreds of internal degrees of freedom, flexibility describes co... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#hyz084s5}
============
Platinum-based combination chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC), and the gemcitabine plus cisplatin regimen has been the most widely used as the first-line treatment. In general, UC is a chemo-sensitive tumor. Good initial response rat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
School violence affects negatively both the learning en vironment and the role of educational institutions on the formation of values, attitudes and pro-social be haviors that allow children and adolescents to live with others based on tolerance, respect and equity ([@B15]; [@B41]). Studies i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted patient care across the NHS. Following the suspension of elective surgery, priority was placed in providing urgent and emergency surgery for patients with no alternative treatment.
The pandemic has caused significant morbidity and mortal... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijerph-16-01887}
===============
Despite the substantial progress made to reduce child mortality, 5.6 million children aged less than five years died worldwide in 2016, and the majority of these deaths occurred within the first year of life \[[@B1-ijerph-16-01887]\]. Furthermore, it was estimate... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction
================
The air-assisted sprayers used in fruit production must be carefully and effectively regulated to ensure that crops are treated successfully. Four main factors affect the deposition efficiency: the nozzle type, the fluid pressure, the ground speed, and the volumetric flow rate of the ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Cell polarity is a fundamental organizing principle in metazoa that is necessary for cell division, differentiation and morphogenesis. Polarization of epithelia is implicit in the development of lumens, which are essential for glandular tissues to carry out their normal functions, but polarity is disrupted in diseases ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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