text stringlengths 1 18.8k | meta dict |
|---|---|
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-20-03201}
===============
Plants are continuously subjected to a broad range of biotic and abiotic stresses that negatively affect plant productivity. Therefore, revealing the relevant mechanisms of plant responses to stress is of great importance. Available evidence suggests that reactive ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .18}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Funding information** Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Grant/Award Number: EP/R013764/1
1. INTRODUCTION {#amp210060-sec-0001}
===============
Vaccines are considered the most effective form of healthcare intervention^\[^ [^1^](#amp210060-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}, [^2^](#amp210060-bib-0002){ref-t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .38}
{#sp2 .39}
{#sp3 .40}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Abbreviations
=============
CCL5
: C--C chemokine ligand 5
CCR5
: C--C chemokine receptor 5
CRC
: colorectal cancer
GranB
: Granzyme B
LM
: liver metastasis
MSI
: microsatellite instability
OS
: overall survival
PD-L1
: programmed death-ligand 1
TAM
: tumor-associated macrophages
TI... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Systemic thrombolysis with the recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the only approved treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It aims at rapid recanalization of the occluded cerebral artery affording neurological recovery.^[@R1]^ In recent years it was shown that early recanal... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The combination of irinotecan and temozolomide has shown activity against many solid tumors including neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. There are both preclinical and clinical evidence of synergy between these two agents, and this may be schedule depend... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Connective tissue disease (CTD) refers to disorders characterized by autoimmune-mediated damage associated with circulating auto-antibodies \[[@b1-kjim-2016-212],[@b2-kjim-2016-212]\] that target various body organs and cause symptomatic presentation. Diagnosis and treatment of CTD has been t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-sensors-19-04304}
===============
Sensing and quantifying damage plays a critical role in the process of structural health monitoring, which aims to detect structural damage and provide early warnings when a possible risk of failure is detected. Many structural health monitoring systems employ a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Oral cancer is among the ten most common forms of cancer in the world [@pone.0070883-Parkin1]. A trend of rising incidence has been noted on a global scale in Western countries as well as Asian countries such as Taiwan [@pone.0070883-Mignogna1], [@pone.0070883-Yang1]. Among all cancers ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijerph-17-05347}
===============
The frequency of earthquakes in Korea has historically been low, and their size has been relatively small. Therefore, up until 2016, the contents of Korea's disaster education program did not include how to respond to earthquakes, because people viewed the countr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Thalassemias are common monogenic disorders caused by partial or complete reduction synthesis of one or more globin chains.^([@R1])^ The normal concentrations of fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) in adults without Hb alterations range from 0% to 1%.^([@R2])^ It is known that stimulation of Hb F production is beneficial to homozy... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The incidence of childhood cancer in Europe is estimated to increase around 1% per year, with the strongest increase of 2.1% seen in children \< 1 year of age for the period 1978--1997. Better diagnostic tools and recent evolution of our genetic background can only partly explain this increase; therefore, changes in ou... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous trait, and it is the most common malignancy among men in western countries, including Finland. It is a multifactorial disease, and definitive risk factors include age, ethnic origin and family history. In Finland, the incidence of PCa is 89.4/100... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
A number of persistent toxic substances (PTS), such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and certain toxic metals (especially cadmium, lead and mercury), are recognised as being responsible for adverse development and health effects in children \[[1](#CIT0001)--[5](#CIT0005)\]. Fo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
Background
==========
The health and social costs associated with alcohol and other drug (AOD) use are considerable and fall most heavily on young people \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. This in itself is an argument for early AOD prevention programs. School drug education offers the potential to prevent problems by equipping young p... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Learning objectives
===================
Describe the use of current imaging techniques to reach a correct diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Emphasise the knowledge of complementary tools for the evaluation of early response to treatment tumour.
Content organisation
====================
Our cases will be presen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Lung cancer is one of the deadliest types of cancer in the world^[@CR1]^ and approximately 80--85% of lung cancers are non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs). Despite many advances in the treatment of NSCLC in recent years, the median survival is still \<12 months and \<15% of NSCLC pat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Oxidative tress occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or their products are in excess of antioxidant defense mechanism. The brain is especially vulnerable to oxidative stress compared to other organs because it exhibits lower antioxidant enzyme activity and contains ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
Background
==========
The in-hospital resuscitation of patients suffering from major traumatic haemorrhage has undergone a revolution over recent years, with the previous mainstay of resuscitation---crystalloid---being replaced by blood component therapy. Observational evidence from both military and civilian practice... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The success rates of endodontic surgery, including root-end resection, are extremely variable. According to the literature, the range spans from 17 to 96% \[[@CR1]--[@CR3]\]. This extreme variability can be put down to the technique-sensitivity of these surgical interventions. However, th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In [Figure 1](#pntd-0003340-g001){ref-type="fig"}, the PCR negative carnivores are omitted. Please see the corrected [Figure 1](#pntd-0003340-g001){ref-type="fig"} here.
![Distribution of *Toxoplasma gondii*-infected carnivores with alleles characterized at the B1 locus in coastal California.\
*Toxoplasma gondii* DNA ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Since Hans Selye's definition of stress as "the nonspecific response of the body to any demand",^[@CR1]^ many studies have revealed the negative influence of an overload of stress on health and wellbeing. Observational data suggest associations between psychological stress and depress... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Core tip:** We constructed a liver fibrosis rat model with carbon tetrachloride (CCl~4~). The Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, morin group, CCl~4~ group, and morin + CCl~4~ group. α-SMA, collagen I, collagen III, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase (HO-1), and quino... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
High-throughput screening (HTS) is a widely used drug discovery technique which allows researchers to rapidly conduct millions of chemical, genetic or pharmacological experiments^[@CR1],[@CR2]^. HTS technology relies on robotic handling systems, liquid handling systems, data mining to... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-sensors-17-00869}
===============
There are an estimated 2 million hand amputees in the United States and approximately the same in Europe. More than 200,000 new amputation surgeries are performed each year and approximately 10,000 children receive amputations resulting in a lifelong disability ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#s1}
Appropriate use of fluid infusion in cardiac surgery patients is of primary importance in the perioperative period in order to optimize cardiac output and oxygen delivery and to reduce the use of vaspressors and inotropes. Fluid infusion is usually triggered by arterial hypotension, low urine output and signs o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries^\[[@R1],[@R2]\]^ and some developing countries, such as China.^\[[@R1],[@R3]\]^ The 2013 Global Burden of Disease Study showed that cardiovascular deaths accounted for almost a thir... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Narcolepsy is a chronic disabling sleep disorder with an estimated lifetime prevalence of approximately 1 in 2,000 in the general population and it can severely influence daily activities ([@B1], [@B2]). Clinically, it is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) with sudden s... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Multiple reports have identified a rising incidence of thyroid cancer over the past several decades, primarily due to the diagnosis of small papillary carcinomas \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. According to the World Health Organization, papillary carcinomas that measure 1.0cm or less are diagnosed a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Sir,
Hyperammonemia as a cause of encephalopathy in a patient with normal liver enzyme levels is unusual.\[[@ref1][@ref2]\] Hence, it remains undiagnosed especially in intensive care (ICU) settings.\[[@ref3]\] We recently had a patient with *Klebsiella* sepsis and hyperammonemic encephalopathy (HE) with normal liver f... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The management of poor ovarian respond (POR) remains a serious dilemma for fertility clinicians. The incidence of POR, which was associated with very low clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), was reported to be 9--24% \[[@CR1]\]. Among infertile women in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. CPR was... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Proteolytic enzymes are recognized by their catalytic type, that is, aspartic, cysteine, metallo, serine, threonine, and others as yet unclassified. The largest number of proteolytic enzymes are classified as metalloproteases \[[@B1]\]. Almost all metalloproteases contain one or... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
An intrauterine device (IUD) is a small polyethylene device, which contains copper or progesterone. IUDs are a form of long-acting reversible method of contraception, which is the most effective type of reversible birth control \[**[@R1]**\]. Also, IUDs are among the most cost-effec... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The use of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) as key vector control interventions has seen a massive scale-up over the last decade \[[@CR1]\]. This scale-up together with other case management and preventive measures were reported to have contributed to a g... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and quickly spread to other countries[@B1] ^,^ [@B2]. Due to the rapid increase in the number of cases, on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it to be a pand... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In keeping with our recent Paths and Places theme, the column this month provides advice for success as a GI researcher in a setting outside of an academic medical center. Joshua Friedman, who started his career in academia, offers his perspective on the benefits and tradeoffs of carrying out GI research in the pharmac... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Here, we report that one suspected dead case and two confirmed, rapid onset and fatal infections caused by a *Klebsiella pneumoniae* ST86 strain occurred in a three-bed surgery ward of a university hospital with 1,800 beds and 40,000 annual admissions in Shanghai, China in 2013 (See **Figure ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The explosive growth of the world's human population and subsequent water and energy demand has led to an expansion of standing surface water (Rosenberg et al. [@CR35]). Many of these standing waters, including small watering ponds for cattle, fishing ponds, irrigation impoundments, a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
The glucose transporter (GLUT) protein family contains various important molecules that use glucose diffusion gradients (and those of other sugars) for transport across the plasma membrane. They exhibit various substrate specificities, kinetic properties, and tissue expression profiles, depen... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Individuals receiving a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) face many life-altering challenges. However, over the last decade, improved access to high-quality information and the ability to share experiences with other MS patients through the Internet and social media have helped pat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**What is already known**
In contrast to many studies about the diagnostic accuracy of hospital physician-assessed cardiac symptoms for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the diagnostic accuracy of emergency medical services (EMS) provider-assessed cardiac symptoms for AMI has not been evaluated in previous studies.
... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
ICUs are complex settings, with critically ill patients submitted to invasive care, involving a multidisciplinary team, requiring urgent high-risk decision-making, taking place in an expensive structure with new technologies of increasing complexity. All these conditions facilitate the develo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Water participates in a variety of physiological functions, and is essential for body development and survival \[[@CR1]--[@CR3]\]. Three sources of water input are available: drinking water, water from food and endogenous water. Four ways of water-output includes urine through urinary sys... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The study of human chromosomes provides valuable insight into processes of clinical diagnosis for many genetic disorders and analysis of chromosome architecture[@b1][@b2][@b3]. For example, more than 400,000 chromosome karyotype analyses for actual human genetic diagnoses are performed each year in the U.S. and Canada.... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe vector-borne protozoan disease caused by *Leishmania donovani*, and is transmitted by the bite of female *Phlebotomus* sand flies \[[@b1-epih-39-e2017001],[@b2-epih-39-e2017001]\]. VL is a global health problem, imposing an estimated disease burd... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
One significant area of research in the multifaceted field of bilingualism over the past two decades, spanning among many others from Green ([@B3]) to Chung-Fat-Yim et al. ([@B2]), has been the demonstration, validation, and account of the so-called "bilingual advantage." This refers to the hypothesis that bilingual sp... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .112}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Caring and supporting older people with dementia have become a major public health priority regionally and globally \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. The recent report by the World Health Organization and Alzheimer's Disease International \[[@CR1]\] has highlighted the need to raise awareness of dement... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Potential conflict of interest: M.D., L.W., U.B., and N.V. are listed as coinventors on a patent held by the Academic Medical Center in Amsterdam: "Method for diagnosing IgG4‐related diseases", application no. PCT/EP2013/070384, publication no. WO/2014/ 049177.
This research was supported by grants from the German Cro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The survivorship curve is a useful visualisation of the frequency distribution of the age classes of a population (Rauschert [@CR30]) and is calculated as *l*~*x*~ = *n*~*x*~/*n*~0~, where *n*~*x*~ is the number of individuals in the study population who survive to the beginning of ag... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
It is widely accepted that there is a vast gap in child mental health and psychosocial support provision in conflict-affected Low and Middle Income Countries (LAMIC), given the consistently higher levels of psychological distress and mental disorders identified in such settings (Belfer [@... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Myotonic dystrophy \[Dystrophia Myotonica (DM); Steinert's disease\] is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults. The prevalence rates are high in Europe and countries with European descendants (Thornton, [@B60]; Wenninger et al., [@B69]). In addition to myotonia, a delayed relaxati... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#SEC1}
============
DEAD-box RNA helicases remodel RNA secondary structures in an ATP-dependent manner ([@B1]--[@B3]). Members of this helicase family are composed of a helicase core, formed by N- and C-terminal RecA-like domains (RecA_N, RecA_C) that are connected by a short flexible linker. The core co... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic, potentially disabling diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, mainly consisting of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. According to epidemiologic studies, the incidence of IBD is rising worldwide, especially in newly industrialized countries, while the mortali... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Cancer is a major cause of mortality worldwide.[@b1] Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths, accounting for 20% of all cancer deaths.[@b2] Lung cancer is divided into small-cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the latter accounts for more than 80% of all lung cancer types, inc... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-nanomaterials-07-00226}
===============
Graphene is a monolayer of hexagonal-oriented carbon atoms with outstanding electronic properties \[[@B1-nanomaterials-07-00226]\]. Its high electrical conductivity combined with its virtually massless character makes graphene interesting for electrodes in... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Executive Editors
=================
*Senior Editors*: K.R.Fox, *Southampton, UK*; foxnar\@soton.ac.uk B. Stoddard, *Seattle, WA, USA*; stoddnar\@fhcrc.org
M.Madan Babu, *Cambridge, UK*D.Corey, *Dallas, TX, USA*M.Wegner, *Erlangen, Germany*<narlmb@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk><david.corey@utsouthwestern.edu><... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Bioorthogonal chemistry has attracted much attention and played critical important roles to dissect complex intracellular processes and perform specific chemical reactions in living systems^[@CR1]--[@CR3]^. Being a relatively new sector of chemical biology, bioorthogonal chemistry has... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Developed by Kennedy and Eberhart \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\] particle swarm optimization (PS0) is a stochastic optimization method modeled on social behavior and intelligence of animal such as flocks of birds and fish schooling. Similar to other evolutionary methods, it is based on the popula... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Many herbs have been shown to possess therapeutic potential towards several medical conditions, and hence, they are of a substantial medicinal value. For centuries, people around the globe have been using numerous medicinal herbs to alleviate the signs and symptoms of various di... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#s1}
============
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), a neoplasm of lymphoblasts committed to the T-cell lineage involving the bone marrow and blood, is observed in ∼15% and 25% of childhood and adult ALL, respectively ([@MCS003533PETC20]; [@MCS003533PETC1]).
In general, childhood T-ALL is a cl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#S0001}
============
Anthracosis (*anthrac*- meaning coal, carbon + -*osis* meaning condition) is defined in Bioline as, "the asymptomatic, milder type of pneumoconiosis as caused by the accumulation of carbon in the lungs due to repeated exposure to air pollution or inhalation of smoke or coal dust part... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
"Intellectuals solve problems; geniuses prevent them!!"
Caries occur five times more frequently in occlusal fissures, than on smooth surfaces.\[[@ref1]\] Sealant not only prevents tooth decay before it starts, but also halts the progress. This effect relies on the sealant\'s abilit... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
(J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7:e009172 DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.118.009172.)
Clinical PerspectiveWhat Is New?Visceral adipose tissue was not associated with incident clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events in older men, without or with adjustment for age and other ASCVD clinical risk factors, even among tho... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has evolved constantly since it was implemented in clinical practice more than 3 decades ago.^[@bibr8-2325967119832594]^ There have been many shifts in surgical trends, with the current focus mainly on anatomic reconstruction.^[@bibr29-2325967119832594]^ Intraoperative an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Several different bioinformatics technologies exist to quantify gene expression. Regardless of technological platform, laboratory assays of gene expression first extract mRNA from a test sample and a control sample. These samples may be labeled with a tag or dye and hybridized to amplified cloned... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells \[[@pone.0183908.ref001]--[@pone.0183908.ref002]\]. The tr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rat is a widely studied model of salt-induced hypertension \[[@B1],[@B2]\]. The Dahl S rat, but not the Dahl salt-resistant rat (R), develops hypertension, accompanied by hypovitaminosis D, when fed a high salt diet \[[@B3]-[@B5]\]. Plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Key points {#sec1}
==========
•The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected hundreds of thousands of people.•Children have so far accounted for 1.7% to 2% of diagnosed cases of COVID-19.•Children often have milder disease than adults, and child deaths have been rare.•Risk factors for severe di... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Following ocular injury, innate immune responses lead to deleterious inflammatory tissue damage, primarily through the recruitment of activated neutrophils. Despite their role as an essential arm of innate immunity, activated neutrophils contribute greatly to the collateral tissue damage associated with acute injury an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The concept of the Neotropical orchid genus *Vargasiella* C.Schweinf. was proposed by Schweinfurth in 1952, along with the description of *Vargasiella peruviana* C. Schweinf., the only species known at that time. Six years later Schweinfurth [@pone.0098472-Schweinfurth1] described anoth... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1}
============
Highly concentrated solutions occur in a wide range of industrial and natural processes including brines, carbon capture, atmospheric aerosols, and food drying. These solutions are typically labeled as exhibiting nonideal behavior because the vapor pressures of the solute and solvent ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The decrease in partial pressure of oxygen on ascent to high altitude has been reported to adversely affect the cognitive performance in both animals and human subjects. Occurrence of hippocampal atrophy and hypoxia mediated neurodegeneration has been shown following ascent to high altitude. There have been reports on ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Part I -- Diagnosis and risk stratification
===========================================
Introduction
------------
These guidelines aim to assist physicians, particularly cardiologists, to identify adults at high risk of coronary disease as early as possible, and to highlight its most common symptoms, especially coron... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery to restore normal blood flow to the heart is one of the most common surgical procedures worldwide. However, many patients suffer from a frequent complication: post-CABG pain (PCP) syndrome. PCP is characterized by chronic, atypical pain that restricts physical activity in dai... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .491}
{#sp2 .492}
{#sp3 .493}
{#sp4 .494}
{#sp5 .495}
{#sp6 .496}
{#sp7 .497}
{#sp8 .498}
... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) against the envelope protein is thought to be an essential part of an effective HIV vaccine. A part of gp41 which is conserved through all HIV-1 clades, the membrane-proximal external region (MPER), bears epitopes for two of the most potent... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Recently, optimization becomes one of the most interesting issues in different life aspects, such as engineering designs, browsing the Internet, and business management. Time reduction, high quality, and financial profit can be challenging for the most real-world applications. T... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
1. Introduction {#s0005}
===============
The cytoplasmic proteins NOD (nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain containing) 1 and NOD2 are members of the NLR (nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat containing receptor) family of pattern recognition receptors. They act as immune sentinels and play an important role i... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
*Pyrenophora graminea* \[anamorph *Drechslera graminea* (Rabenh. *ex.* Schltdl.) Ito\], the seed-borne pathogen responsible for leaf-stripe in barley (*Hordeum vulgare* L.), inflicts heavy losses on crops ([@Porta-Pugliaetal1986]; [@Arabietal2004]). Several studies on morphological, physiological and biochemical aspect... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Degenerative defects in articular cartilage or cartilage-like tissues, such as disc nucleus pulposus, are a significant cause of morbidity and socioeconomic burden especially in the context of an active ageing population. While cellular repopulation in replenishing and regenerat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Accompanied by economic development and lifestyle changes, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased rapidly worldwide, leading to obesity-related metabolic diseases in adulthood, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease \[[@CR1], [@CR... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
T[he]{.smallcaps}regulation of lymphocyte extravasation from the circulation into sites of inflammation is critical in coordinating an appropriate and effective immune response. There is careful control not only of the particular tissues into which migration occurs, but also of the various subtypes of leukocytes involv... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Abbreviations used in this paper: ArfGAP, Arf GTPase activating protein; Arl, Arf-like; FG, phenylalanine-glycine; GAP, GTPase-activating protein; GEF, guanine nucleotide exchange factor.
Introduction
============
Regulatory GTPases act as molecular switches that can rapidly interconvert between two conformational st... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, causing 1.76 million deaths per year \[[@ref1],[@ref2]\]. Chest computed tomography (CT) scans play an essential role in the screening for \[[@ref3]\] and diagnosis of lung cancer \[[@ref4]\]. A randomized controlled trial demonstrat... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{.117}
{.118}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Pepper (*Capsicum* spp.) is one of the major vegetable and spice crops grown worldwide, and is rich in bioactive compounds, such as capsaicinoids and carotenoids, which contribute to the improvement of human health \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. Because of its economic and nutritional importance, br... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
We have shown previously that Decorin, by antagonizing TGF-β--mediated subarachnoid fibrosis, prevents ventriculomegaly in experimental juvenile hydrocephalus. To focus on white matter alterations, we sought to correlate cytopathological changes induced by hydrocephalus with diffusion tensor ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Cysteine proteinases (CP) represent a large group of proteins in plants, with over 140 annotated gene sequences identified to date in the Arabidopsis genome \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. As expected for such a large family, the functions of these proteins are diverse, ranging from involvement in programmed ce... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
The establishment of invasive organisms is a threat facing aquatic ecosystems world wide [@pone.0051249-Vitousek1]--[@pone.0051249-Strayer1]. Among the most significant--but often most difficult to quantify--ecological impacts of species invasions are alterations to food web structure a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Over the last 15 years, a large body of research has focused on the need for integrated, multidisciplinary, team-based and people-centred care. In May 2016, the *Framework on integrated people-centred health services* (IPCHS), adopted with overwhelming support by the Member States of th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Globally, delivering in a facility has increased across Africa and Asia, among rural and urban, and rich and poor populations \[[@CR1]\]. In India, facility deliveries have impressively increased from about 20 % to over 70 % in a span of 10 years; however this has not resulted in the mate... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Since 1992, when nitric oxide (NO) was nominated "molecule of the year" \[[@B1], [@B2]\], it continues to attract the interest of the scientific community. NO is the smallest gasotransmitter, recognized as an ubiquitous intercellular messenger; it is produced by three isoforms o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In 2008, there were 12.7 million people diagnosed worldwide with cancer and 7.6 million deaths associated with cancer \[[@CR1]\]. Of all cancers, lung cancer is not only the most commonly diagnosed in the world with 1.61 million new cases per year which accounts for 12.7 % of all new cancers but also the most deadly wi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a glucose intolerance of varying severity with an onset or first diagnosis during pregnancy ([@b1-etm-07-01-0236]). GDM occurs in 4--10% of pregnancies and is associated with maternal and fetal complications, as well as long-term consequences,... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.