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Introduction {#s002}
============
Injuries to the maxillofacial skeleton encompass a wide variety of ailments, from facial fractures to locally aggressive neoplasms such as ameloblastomas. Oral and maxillofacial reconstruction of tissue defects associated with these injuries is particularly challenging, due to a varie... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Toxins produced by the Gram-positive bacterium *Bacillus anthracis* are believed to be the primary virulence factors for three forms of anthrax: inhalational, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal.[@b1-jcd-2-2009-041] Anthrax toxins consist of three monomeric proteins: edema factor (EF), lethal factor (LF), and protective an... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
Controlled delivery of hydrophilic, protein-based drugs is widely explored for treatment of various diseases. It is postulated that the sustained release of proteins to a targeted area is a more effective method of achieving therapeutically relevant protein concentrations and preventing... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
###### Strengths and limitations of this study
- This study is the first to describe and compare public support of recent nutrition-focused policy, systems and environmental change efforts in an urban jurisdiction by community economic hardship.
- The results shed critical insights on public support for recent nu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction
===============
Osteochondroma is a benign tumor of the bone and cartilage of unknown etiology.^\[[@R1]\]^ The most common site osteochondroma is the metaphysis of tubular long bones, with the distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus constituting 90% of the occurrence site.^\[[@R1]\]^ Flat bo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**The Editorial on the Research Topic**
**[Parasites in the Tropic---A New Paradigm Shift](Parasites in the Tropic—A New Paradigm Shift)**
The highlight of this eBook is to provide new insights into parasites from the tropics. To achieve that, much has been discussed regarding risk assessment, infection rates, diseas... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT {#h0.0}
===================
*Pseudomonas stutzeri* is a Gram-negative bacterium known for its high capacity for nitrogen fixation and opportunistic pathogenicity. In addition, several *P. stutzeri* strains have also been found to possess xenobiotic degradation capacity, particularly against naphtha... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In the article "**Occurrence, antifungal susceptibility, and virulence factors of opportunistic yeasts isolated from Brazilian beaches"**, DOI number: 10.1590/0074-02760180566, published in *Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz*, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 114: e180566, 2019, on page 1:
Where it reads:
Dijck PV
It should read:
Van Dijc... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Limb-salvage surgery has replaced amputation for radical treatment of malignant pelvic tumors along with the introduction of effective chemotherapy, imaging modalities and modern surgical techniques. However, limb-salvage surgery for malignant pelvic tumors is still challenging becaus... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In the past 3 years, I have been involved in 3 elephant parturitions in Asia. The animals were privately owned under relatively good conditions, but quite old for getting their first calf (39-40 years). During the night they were able to forage in the forest, while during day time they were used for tourism, until four... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Atherosclerosis of the upper thoracic aorta can be accurately visualized with modified transesophageal echocardiography (TEE A-View method). In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, use of perioperative screening for aortic atherosclerosis with modified TEE was associated with lo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The present issue of *Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine*includes a paper by Bora et al. \[[@B1]\] investigating the relationship between the asthma control test (ACT) and airway inflammation. In a group of stable asthmatic patients admitted to a pulmonary outpatient clinic, the authors carried out the ACT, pulmona... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
According to the two-process model of sleep regulation \[[@pone.0175504.ref001], [@pone.0175504.ref002]\], sleep duration is regulated by the interaction of two physiological processes: a circadian process... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Oxidative stress is important in various disease processes, including in cancer, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, central nervous system disorders, neurode-generative diseases, diabetes and respiratory diseases. Almost all human organs can be damaged by oxidative stress... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
{.168}
{.169}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Over recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the potential importance of disrupted sleep in psychosis.^[@CIT0001],[@CIT0002]^ Sleep disturbance is a primary motivation for many patients to seek mental health treatment,^[@CIT0003],[@CIT0004]^ and there is an awareness among... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
About 90% of cancer patients die from tumor metastasis rather than primary tumor growth^[@CR1]^. Therefore, finding effective ways to prevent or even reverse tumor cell invasion is of great significance to the treatment of cancer. To investigate the underlying genetic mechanisms, seve... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#S1}
===============
Interpersonal chemistry is a relatively new concept and although no predominant definition exists, it is described as an instant emotional and psychological connection between two individuals ([@R9]; [@R42]). The few researchers who examine this construct focus on sexual, rather t... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Neuropsychological studies on processes occurring in the brain during the motor imagery (MI) show that similar parts of the brain are involved in the movement imagination as well as its real performance \[[@CR11]--[@CR13], [@CR27]\]. The main difference between the movement execution ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. All dataset files are available from the <https://dataverse.harvard.edu/privateurl.xhtml?token=20c1b910-9af3-4cfa-97ad-9b2efa22c466> database.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that worldwide, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Core tip:** Normally, the liver is almost devoid of fat and fatty changes often coexist with necro-inflammatory and fibrotic changes in the setting of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic infection due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which have all been associated with a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Bladder cancer (BC) is the ninth most common cancer diagnosis worldwide ([@R1]) and the most expensive cancer to treat ([@R2]). Among men it is the fourth most common cancer, with incidence four times higher than in women ([@R3]). In China, BC caused 17 365 deaths in 2005, with a steady increase in mortality between 19... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Cysteine-rich 61 (Cyr61) is a member of the CCN (**C**yr61/**C**TGF/**N**ov) protein family, which consists of Cyr61 (CCN1); connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2), nephroblastoma-overexpressed (Nov/CCN3); and Wnt-induced secreted proteins 1, 2 and 3 (Wisp-1/CCN4, Wisp-2/CCN5, and Wisp-3/CCN... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
During the development of the vertebrate neuromuscular junction (NMJ), initial contact between nerve and muscle facilitates signaling between the synaptic partners. This bidirectional signaling leads to the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in the postsynaptic membrane of muscle ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#cesec10}
============
During the past 17 years three lethal zoonotic diseases of humans caused by novel coronaviruses, severe acute repiratory syndrome (SARS) in November, 2002,[@bib1] Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in April, 2012,[@bib2] and more recently coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Dece... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
T[he]{.smallcaps} morphology of the animal body and its tissues arise as embryonic cells change their shapes and/or positions ([@B17]). Many of these changes are mediated by dynamic rearrangements of cytoskeletal components ([@B34]). Cells can organize diverse patterns of microtubules and actin filaments, and movement ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
The human intestinal microbiota is a complex community composed of at least several hundred different species of bacteria with approximately 10^11^--10^12^ cells per gram of feces \[[@B1]--[@B4]\]. The intestinal microbiota plays a critical role in human health including coloniz... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Functional plasticity in immune cells enhances the adaptability of responses targeting pathogens, but can also be detrimental to the host. Upon antigenic stimulation, CD4^+^ T cells adopt one of two opposing fates: a helper T (Th) cell specialized in supporting the clearance of infect... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
KS is a locally aggressive endothelial tumour belonging to the family of vascular sarcoma. According to aetiology and epidemiology, four variants have been described: classic KS, usually affecting Mediterranean elderly men; endemic African KS, common in middle-aged adults and children in ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), also called whey-acidic-protein (WAP) four-disulfide core domain protein 2 (WFDC2) was initially described to have tissue specific expression in the epididymis[@b1]. Clinical research in the last decade revealed that HE4 is expressed in a limited number of other organs, including the f... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#eji3393-sec-0010}
============
Chromoblastomycosis is a chronic progressive fungal infection of mammalian skin and subcutaneous tissue that is caused by a transcutaneous inoculation of melanized fungi such as *Fonsecaea*, *Cladophialophora*, and *Phialophora* species [1](#eji3393-bib-0001){ref-type="ref... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
Introduction {#s1}
============
There is a general agreement that more than 90% of cancer patient deaths are related to distant metastases. This means that not only the primary tumour itself but the disseminated cells of the tumour determine the fate of the vast majority of cancer patients. Thus, in order to significa... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
The characterization of synaptic inputs is necessary to establish how pyramidal neurons of different subtypes participate in information processing as well as a starting point to better understand how these neurons are affected by disease. A substantial body of research on intrinsic c... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Resident working hours are closely related to patient safety \[[@B1]\]. Long working hours and overtime are known to be associated with increased medical errors from residents \[[@B2][@B3]\]. Following the Libby Zion accident in New York State in 1984, interest in the working environment of r... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare cost worldwide with an estimated global prevalence of approximately 12% of adults aged ≥30 years in 2010 and rising with the aging population^[@CR1],\ [@CR2]^. Recent reports found th... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-17-00396}
===============
Dynamic changes in the mRNAs and proteins expressed in oocytes prior to fertilization represent an important component of successful mammalian embryo development. Pre-ovulatory germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes remain arrested in prophase I of meiosis until a surge of ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Malnutrition is a complex and major problem encountered in patients with each stage of the cancer. Adverse effects due to cancer or treatment can lead to or exacerbate the process of malnutrition. Anorexia Cachexia Syndrome (ACS) is a clinical and metabolic disorder, accompanied... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Rapamycin is arguably the best-studied pharmaceutical intervention for reliable lifespan and healthspan extension in a wide array of model organisms. These consistent results are encouraging for those eager to develop interventions for prolonging human lifespan or healthspan. Until recently publications of rapamycin tr... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
In late December 2019, Wuhan city, the capital of Hubei province in China, announced an outbreak of respiratory infection of unknown cause. Following this announcement, the World Health Organization declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on January 30 from the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVI... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) present important actions in physiological functions, therefore intensive efforts have been made to identify the possible effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic (DHA) and gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) in treating some diseases. GLA has been rep... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Recurrent patellofemoral joint (PFJ) instability can be a disabling condition and is common following initial traumatic patellar dislocation \[[@B1]\]. It is also recognised that patients with a below-knee (BK) amputation have a higher incidence of PFJ instability and postulated... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
**Correction to: J Neuroinflammation**
**https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-019-1449-9**
Following publication of the original article \[[@CR1]\], the authors reported an error in Figure 4 as the wrong figure was used. In the incorrect Fig. [4](#Fig1){ref-type="fig"}, panels b-i were missing the numerical scale values. T... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Several lines of evidence highlight the mechanistic and phenomenological links between mood symptoms and circadian rhythms ([@B1]--[@B3]). For instance, the presence of certain polymorphisms in clock genes has been associated with vulnerability and clinical manifestations of mood disord... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Shoulder dislocations are a common emergency department (ED) presentation, affecting 1.7% of the population.[@b1-wjem-17-35],[@b2-wjem-17-35] Dislocations occur due to a variety of both traumatic and atraumatic causes ranging from falling onto an outstretched arm to reaching over to pick up a... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Abbreviations
=============
BLASTBasic Local Alignment Search ToolC-bandingcentromeric bandinggDNAgenomic DNAGISHgenomic *in situ* hybridizationNCBINational Center for Biotechnology InformationPCRpolymerase chain reactionPMCpollen mother cellSSRsimple sequence repeat
Introduction {#s0001}
============
The ability to... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Approximately three billion people worldwide use biomass (wood, charcoal, crop residues, and dung) and coal as their primary source of energy for cooking and heating (coal is common in China and biomass in all nations including India where solid fuels are used). A majority of these households are located in poor rural ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Several instruments have been developed to determine the outcome of orthopedic management of shoulder conditions, including instability problems, but most are derived from clinical data and depend on the judgments of an examiner. Instability of the shoulder leads to special problems of assessment, as the symptoms are o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Ganglion cyst, although its precise etiology is not determined, is generally considered a degeneration of the mucoid connective tissue, collagen in specific, and was reported for the first time by Ledderhose in 1893 \[[@B1]\]. It is a benign soft-tissue tumor that usually appears near joints such as the hand, wrist, or... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) is the first step for multiple interventions for HIV prevention and care. HCT serves as an entry point for HIV prevention services that include prevention of mother-to-child transmission, male medical circumcision, access to condoms, and prevention couns... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Oxytocin is produced in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and released into the circulation via the posterior pituitary; in addition it is secreted directly into limbic, hind- and midbrain regions^[@CR1]^. Oxytocin modulates psychosocial function and affective processing... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Colorful traits have attracted the attention of biologists since the beginning of the history of evolutionary theory (Darwin [@CR18]) and understanding the mechanisms producing these signals is important for answering their function and evolution. Secondary sexual traits are often muc... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-ijms-18-00167}
===============
Ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) of the liver occurs inevitably in liver transplantation and after Pringle maneuver in major liver resections. Ischemia of the liver results in tissue hypoxia or anoxia. Reoxygenation caused by reperfusion aggravates hepatocellular ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Flaviviruses are in the family *Flaviviridae*and are usually arthropod-borne. They are enveloped, single-stranded, positive sense RNA viruses that contain about 11,000 nucleotides. Translation results in a polyprotein that is co- and post-translationally modified to produce three structural (C, M... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION
============
Diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both ([@b1-pnfs-23-189]). Diabetes is a leading ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#H1-1-ZOI200433}
============
Substantial advancements in prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have led to substantial improvements in adverse cardiovascular events and associated mortality.^[@zoi200433r1],[@zoi200433r2],[@zoi200433r3]^ Despite the improvements, the incidence of A... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Vegetable/fruit juice-based diets have been very popular recently. However, well designed controlled research studies with clinical outcome measures providing scientific evidence of potential health benefits of juice only diets are limited^[@CR1]^. The consumption of vegetable/fruit j... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#section5-1756283X17698089}
============
Setting mucosal healing (MH) as a therapeutic goal has gained increasing attention, stemming from observations that treatment aimed solely at resolution of clinical symptoms does not eliminate long-term bowel damage in patients with Crohn's disease (CD). Evolving ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Ion mobility (IM) spectrometry (IMS), coupled with multi-capillary columns (MCCs), MCC/IMS for short, has been gaining importance for biotechnological and medical applications. With MCC/IMS, one can measure the presence and concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the air... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The incidence of epilepsy worldwide has been estimated to be between 16 and 51 per 100,000 (age-adjusted) \[[@CR1]\]. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of epilepsy treatment \[[@CR2]\]. AED monotherapy is generally preferred to adjunctive therapy, due to the greater risk of adve... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{#sp1 .306}
| {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
*To the Editor*: The branch-first technique has been reported in arch replacement for patients with arch lesions in order to provide total cerebral perfusion during the operation. A double "Y," or modified three-branch graft, was used in this technique. Here we reported a branch-first technique combined with Sun\'s pro... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Drug use in general and before or during sex is highly prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM).^[@bib1],[@bib2]^ In 2010, a large European MSM Internet Survey in 44 European cities showed that drug use was particularly prevalent in Amsterdam.^[@bib3]^ Associations between drug use and sexual risk behavior among... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Impact {#sec1}
======
The National Health Care Survey in 2001 to 2002 reported more than 21 million outpatient and emergency room visits with complaints relating to the throat, and acute pharyngitis was diagnosed in nearly 12 million patients.[@bib1] Although the underlying cause is often benign and the course is typi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
Breastfeeding is more or less universally practiced in most African countries like Malawi and is often prolonged beyond the age of 24 months \[[@B1]-[@B3]\]. Prolonged breastfeeding has been considered a good motherhood practice and vital to the survival of the newborn \[[@B4],[@B5]\]. But for wo... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Letter:
We read with much interest the article "Neurological Impact of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): Practical Considerations for the Neuroscience Community" by Werner et al.[@bib1] The authors have described the various neurologic details of COVID-19 in detail.[@bib1] We think this topic is important and is continu... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
The Gag polyprotein of HTLV-1 is the only viral protein that is both necessary for and sufficient to drive the release of virus particles through a budding process \[[@B1]-[@B7]\]. During or after the process of particle release, the action of the retroviral protease cleaves Gag to produce mature... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1}
===============
Members of the pentastomid genus *Linguatula* are known to infect canids, such as dogs, foxes and wolves, as their definitive hosts, and herbivores, such as sheep and cows, as their intermediate hosts ([@bib28]). They are also of zoonotic significance and there are several repor... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#rjy144s1}
============
Secondary cardiac malignancies are rare but severe clinical entities. Malignant tumors may spread to the heart through direct infiltration, hematogenous metastasis, lymphatic metastasis and transvenous extension. For example renal cell, testicular and hepatocellular carcinomas may... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Many claim that contemporary politics is afflicted by a rising tide of political disaffection reflected in negative attitudes toward mainstream politicians and institutions and the rise of electoral support for unconventional or populist candidates and parties ([@CIT0012]; [@CIT0013]; [@CIT0017]). The underlying concer... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#sec1-1}
============
Norway has a history of emphasising a structural approach aimed at reducing health inequalities and promoting public health.^[@ref1],[@ref2]^ According to the Public Health Act in Norway, local municipalities are requested to promote public health, well-being, and good social and en... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder described in humans^[@CR1]^ and affects approximately 1 in every 1000--1100 newborns worldwide^[@CR2]^. It is caused by the presence of human chromosome 21 in three copies in the cells of affected subjects. The main features o... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Williamson TT, Ding B, Zhu X, Frisina RD. Hormone replacement therapy attenuates hearing loss: Mechanisms involving estrogen and the IGF‐1 pathway. Aging Cell. 2019;18:e12939 10.1111/acel.12939
1. INTRODUCTION {#acel12939-sec-0001}
===============
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is the most commonly sought out ther... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Commentary
==========
The global burden of stroke is immense \[[@B1],[@B2]\] and, in fact, stroke is a major disease in both medical and economic terms. It is the leading cause of serious, long-term disability and the third leading cause of death in the USA \[[@B3]\]. The prevailing emphasis on cost containment and ma... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
Introduction
============
Anthropogenic CO~2~ emissions are causing the climate in the ocean to change at an unprecedented rate (Doney et al. [@b19]). Many studies show the deleterious effects of concurrent ocean warming and acidification on early development of marine organisms (reviews: Byrne [@b6]; Byrne and Przesl... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#S0001}
================
Since the first reports of 'schizophrenic' micellization by Armes and coworkers in 1998, diblock copolymers with precisely defined structures and 'schizophrenic' micellization behavior have been stimulated a great deal of research effort based on their potential applications ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Data are all contained within the paper.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
β-alanine is the β-amino acid most commonly found in bioactive peptides \[[@pone.0210713.ref001]\], such as carnosine and its methylated analogues anserine and balenine Dunnett and Harris \[[@pone.0210713.ref002]\]. Carnosine and its methyla... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Inflammatory eye disease encompasses a wide range of clinical phenotypes, and uveitis can be classified anatomically into either anterior, intermediate and posterior uveitis or panuveitis; and as acute or chronic disease, depending on whether it lasts more or less than 3 months in duration \[... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
This study investigated mortality rate, early CD4 responses, pattern of ARVs substitutions and medication adherence of HIV-infected patients on first-line triple combination ART.
Methods
=======
Assessment of 196 HIV-infected patients on combination ART regimens was performed after 18 months of... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
{
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} | |
AR
: androgen receptor
ATM
: ataxia telangiectasia mutant
HATs
: histone acetyltransferases
siRNA
: lentivirus‐mediated small interfering RNA
Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in males worldwide [1](#feb412371-bib-0001){ref-type="ref"}. Currently, there are over 3 300 000 prostate cancer ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Genome sequencing technologies are now rapidly producing a large number of microbial genomes [@pone.0081016-Droege1], [@pone.0081016-Rusk1]. Within the last 15 years, the availability of molecular data has increased from a single complete genome (*Haemophilus influenza*; [@pone.0081016-... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s001}
============
Accurate cannabis use metrics are essential for assessing the effects of cannabis. In the field of alcohol research, the concept of a "standard unit" exists as a measure of consumption. However, there is no equivalent for cannabis and self-report measures of cannabis use are at best, ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S0001}
============
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the female reproductive system.[@CIT0001] However, the initial stages of cervical cancer are usually asymptomatic.[@CIT0002] Thus, a certain number of specific and sensitive non-invasive biomarkers are urgently needed to predi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#Sec1}
============
Noroviruses (NoV) are highly infectious non-enveloped RNA viruses and a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide \[[@CR1]\]. There are seven known genogroups, designated genogroup I (GI) to GVII, and over 40 genotypes \[[@CR2]\]. The GI and GII are the most important for human... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) often coexists with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and both conditions add to cognitive decline \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. The influence of coexisting CVD and AD pathology on neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in predementia stages of AD, however, remains uncertain.... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
INTRODUCTION {#sec1-1}
============
Amongst the congenital internal hernias, paraduodenal hernias are the most common and account for 25% to 53% of all cases.\[[@CIT1]\] Although internal hernias occur in only 1% of all patients with intestinal obstruction, 50% of patients with paraduodenal hernia have obstruction.\[[... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
The Need for a General Data-Driven Redesign Approach {#Sec1}
====================================================
*Design*-*loop adaptivity* \[[@CR1]\] uses student learning data to drive instructional decision making for design and iterative improvement of a course or system. It is part of a broader set of endeavors ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#S1}
============
*Taenia multiceps* is a taeniid cestode parasite that, in its adult stage, lives in the small intestine of dogs and wild carnivores, the definitive hosts, while most of its intermediate hosts are herbivores (e. g. sheep). After ingestion of parasite eggs passed in the feces of definitiv... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Sir,
Mopping with gauze during surgery is essential to keep the field bloodless and improve visualisation of underlying structures. In patients with cleft lip and palate who are undergoing orthodontic treatment, performing a secondary corrective procedure on the lip or a procedure for closure of nasolabial fistula bec... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background {#Sec1}
==========
The mandate and unique experience of the World Health Organization (WHO) globally, enables 190 countries, Nigeria inclusive, to depend on the technical support provided by the organization to define and mitigate threats to public health \[[@CR1], [@CR2]\]. In a competitive environment, wi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction {#s1}
============
Translation of scientific discoveries into practice is vital to ensure better health for patients. Most patients receive care at regional or community-based medical centers \[[@r1]\], and yet research, especially federally funded research, is more commonly conducted in university settin... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.
Introduction {#sec001}
============
Macrophages (MACs) are mononuclear phagocytic leukocytes that play a key role in adaptive and innate immunity, and regulate tissue homeostasis \[[@pone.0227817.ref001]--[@pone.0227817.ref004]\]. While long... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Background
==========
There are a number of conditions in medicine, where every minute counts and the time from the onset of symptoms until the delivery of life-saving treatment is of ultimate importance. During the last few decades, this has resulted in improvements in the early chain of care in out-of-hospital cardi... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
Introduction
============
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaws is a relatively rare but serious complication in patients who have been irradiated in the head-and-neck region. Its onset is usually after the first year of irradiation. There are several hypotheses on the etiology and pathogenesis of ORN. Since ORN rarely... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1.. Introduction {#s1}
================
Despite being one of the most heritable of neurodevelopmental conditions, autism spectrum disorder continues to be defined as a behavioural syndrome that is based on clinical information from a child\'s developmental history and current behaviour. The diagnostic criteria are div... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
1. Introduction {#sec1-marinedrugs-15-00184}
===============
The genus *Pseudoalteromonas* are a subgroup of Gram-negative Gammaproteobacteria with common features, including a requirement for Na^+^ ions, motility, and aerobic and chemoheterotrophic metabolism. The genus was first described by Gauthier and co-workers ... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
*Dear Editor*,
The epidemic that emerged in recent months and related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused a global threat. When ineffective treatment methods and the lack of vaccines were considered, these issues caused a serious international concern ([@CR1]). 80% of people who have... | {
"pile_set_name": "PubMed Central"
} |
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