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1ffb054f-d472-4eba-9144-f3d6fa429d93 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"4.5 - No discrimination in e... | Non-discrimination 21. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Enact comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation that provides full and effective protection against discrimination in the public and private spheres and explicitly covers all prohibited grounds of discrimination; (b) Strengthen its efforts to... | 21. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Enact comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation that provides full and effective protection against discrimination in the public and private spheres and explicitly covers all prohibited grounds of discrimination; (b) Strengthen its efforts to ensure that person... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 1ffb054f-d472-4eba-9144-f3d6fa429d93 |
d4ffecd3-5025-49ed-a406-1bf29056db1c | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Advancement of women",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Participation of women in political & public life",
"Right to social security",
"Discrimination against women",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"5.5 - Equal opportunities and participation in leadership",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 22.The Committee is concerned about the barriers to women’s economic and social empowerment, including: the enduring gender pay and pension gaps due to vertical and horizontal gender segregation in the labour market; the underrepresentation of women in senior decision... | 22. The Committee is concerned about the barriers to women’s economic and social empowerment, including: the enduring gender pay and pension gaps due to vertical and horizontal gender segregation in the labour market; the underrepresentation of women in senior decision-making positions in the public and private sectors... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: d4ffecd3-5025-49ed-a406-1bf29056db1c |
c0298f0a-92e8-481b-93ed-607c7c4dd893 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Advancement of women",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"5.a - Equal rights to economic resources, property ownership and financial services",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"4.6 - Universal literacy and numeracy",
"5.5 - Equal opportunities ... | Equality between women and men 23. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Adopt and implement comprehensive strategies to close the gender pay and pension gaps, including taking measures to reduce occupational segregation and to promote women ’ s economic and social empowerment in all sectors of the economy... | 23. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Adopt and implement comprehensive strategies to close the gender pay and pension gaps, including taking measures to reduce occupational segregation and to promote women ’ s economic and social empowerment in all sectors of the economy; (b) Create conditions enablin... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: c0298f0a-92e8-481b-93ed-607c7c4dd893 |
481fb670-1137-4b92-b8dc-c9828f7f4c30 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work"
] | [
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay"
] | Right to work 24.The Committee is concerned about the persistently high unemployment and underemployment rates, which disproportionately affect young people, women and persons with disabilities (art. 6). | 24. The Committee is concerned about the persistently high unemployment and underemployment rates, which disproportionately affect young people, women and persons with disabilities (art. 6). | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 481fb670-1137-4b92-b8dc-c9828f7f4c30 |
3b2df767-8843-4b87-a979-049ab1ffd53e | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"4.4 - Increase the number of people with relevant skills for financial success"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 25. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify efforts to reduce unemployment and underemployment, in collaboration with social partners, including by adopting job creation policies and targeted strategies and programmes for young people, women and p... | 25. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify efforts to reduce unemployment and underemployment, in collaboration with social partners, including by adopting job creation policies and targeted strategies and programmes for young people, women and persons with disabilities; (b) Strengthen efforts to ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 3b2df767-8843-4b87-a979-049ab1ffd53e |
7fc71e52-1dee-4448-bf53-6e2d62651501 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers",
"Social workers"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to social security"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Informal economy 26.The Committee is concerned about the disproportionately large share of the population engaged in the informal economy, often earning low wages and working without formal contracts, thereby without access in practice to labour rights protections or social security (arts. 6, 7 and 9). | 26. The Committee is concerned about the disproportionately large share of the population engaged in the informal economy, often earning low wages and working without formal contracts, thereby without access in practice to labour rights protections or social security (arts. 6, 7 and 9). | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 7fc71e52-1dee-4448-bf53-6e2d62651501 |
f17b7cd4-7a86-4894-a06a-c7c836606b3d | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers",
"Social workers"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to social security"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen legal protections for workers in the informal economy and intensify enforcement measures to progressively ensure the exercise of their labour rights and access to social security. It also recommends that the... | 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen legal protections for workers in the informal economy and intensify enforcement measures to progressively ensure the exercise of their labour rights and access to social security. It also recommends that the State Party take the effective measures necessary t... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: f17b7cd4-7a86-4894-a06a-c7c836606b3d |
f52dc015-b945-4c7c-af9a-73a95281c70d | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers",
"Social workers",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardous wastes"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"3.5 - Prevent and treat substance abuse"
] | Informal economy 28.The Committee is concerned about: (a)Reports of poor working conditions across both the formal and informal sectors, including education, health, services, construction, mining and agriculture, in particular with regard to excessive working hours and inadequate wages; (b)Insufficient labour rights p... | 28. The Committee is concerned about: (a) Reports of poor working conditions across both the formal and informal sectors, including education, health, services, construction, mining and agriculture, in particular with regard to excessive working hours and inadequate wages; (b) Insufficient labour rights protections for... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: f52dc015-b945-4c7c-af9a-73a95281c70d |
4b817167-ccdc-480c-a599-73577fd6a460 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Budget & resources (for hu... | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments"
] | Informal economy 29. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take measures to ensure effective protection under the Labour Act across all sectors of the economy, guaranteeing just and favourable working conditions for all workers, including through clear regulations on working hours and rest periods; (b) Str... | 29. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take measures to ensure effective protection under the Labour Act across all sectors of the economy, guaranteeing just and favourable working conditions for all workers, including through clear regulations on working hours and rest periods; (b) Strengthen its effor... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 4b817167-ccdc-480c-a599-73577fd6a460 |
ad273309-c833-4ff4-9b62-967875918ca3 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers",
"Social workers"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay"
] | Minimum wage 30.While welcoming that the State Party established a minimum wage through the Labour Relations (Specification of Minimum Wages) (Amendment) Notice, 2024, the Committee is nevertheless concerned that domestic and agricultural workers are excluded from its scope and may therefore be paid below the minimum w... | 30. While welcoming that the State Party established a minimum wage through the Labour Relations (Specification of Minimum Wages) (Amendment) Notice, 2024, the Committee is nevertheless concerned that domestic and agricultural workers are excluded from its scope and may therefore be paid below the minimum wage. The Com... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: ad273309-c833-4ff4-9b62-967875918ca3 |
8d5bb463-f9cb-4615-a6a7-6c55c985ff42 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers",
"Social workers"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 31. The Committee recommends that the State Party establish a minimum wage applicable to all workers in all sectors, including domestic work and agriculture, and ensure that it is periodically reviewed, in consultation with social partners, and indexed to the cost of ... | 31. The Committee recommends that the State Party establish a minimum wage applicable to all workers in all sectors, including domestic work and agriculture, and ensure that it is periodically reviewed, in consultation with social partners, and indexed to the cost of living so as to guarantee all workers and their fami... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 8d5bb463-f9cb-4615-a6a7-6c55c985ff42 |
acb82c5e-7f5c-478f-8ff1-8166d6b22098 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to health",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Trade union rights"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Trade union rights 32.The Committee is concerned about reports of harassment, kidnapping and enforced disappearances of and other incidents of violence against trade union leaders and members during the reporting period. It is also concerned about reports of excessive restrictions placed on the exercise of trade union ... | 32. The Committee is concerned about reports of harassment, kidnapping and enforced disappearances of and other incidents of violence against trade union leaders and members during the reporting period. It is also concerned about reports of excessive restrictions placed on the exercise of trade union rights by public s... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: acb82c5e-7f5c-478f-8ff1-8166d6b22098 |
71dc93a6-b402-41a1-9237-09deabaadedb | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists"
] | [
"Freedom of association",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Trade union rights"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 33. Recalling its joint statement with the Human Rights Committee on freedom of association, including the right to form and join trade unions, the Committee recommends that the State Party take the measures necessary to ensure that the trade union rights of workers a... | 33. Recalling its joint statement with the Human Rights Committee on freedom of association, including the right to form and join trade unions, the Committee recommends that the State Party take the measures necessary to ensure that the trade union rights of workers are fully respected and that trade union leaders and ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 71dc93a6-b402-41a1-9237-09deabaadedb |
7e7b3b6a-5fbf-455c-bee3-22106d7ebb21 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Right to social security",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Right to social security 34.The Committee is concerned at the persistently inadequate budgetary allocations for social security – noting that actual disbursements have often been lower than the amounts allocated – and the limited coverage and low level of social security benefits, which together undermine the effective... | 34. The Committee is concerned at the persistently inadequate budgetary allocations for social security – noting that actual disbursements have often been lower than the amounts allocated – and the limited coverage and low level of social security benefits, which together undermine the effectiveness of the social secur... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 7e7b3b6a-5fbf-455c-bee3-22106d7ebb21 |
9a2efa4c-8a36-4cf4-8521-6cbedd274f8c | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Right to social security",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Right to social security 35. Recalling its general comment No. 19 (2007) on the right to social security and its statement on social protection floors as an essential element of the right to social security and of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Update its National ... | 35. Recalling its general comment No. 19 (2007) on the right to social security and its statement on social protection floors as an essential element of the right to social security and of the Sustainable Development Goals, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Update its National Social Protection Policy ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 9a2efa4c-8a36-4cf4-8521-6cbedd274f8c |
b1379530-8c9c-41a4-a581-08a8e8252522 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Right to social security"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality"
] | Parental leave 36.While acknowledging the statutory provision of fully paid maternity leave for working mothers under article 65 (7) of the Constitution, the Committee is concerned that in practice many women, particularly those employed in the civil service and the informal economy, are unable to fully exercise that r... | 36. While acknowledging the statutory provision of fully paid maternity leave for working mothers under article 65 (7) of the Constitution, the Committee is concerned that in practice many women, particularly those employed in the civil service and the informal economy, are unable to fully exercise that right. The Comm... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: b1379530-8c9c-41a4-a581-08a8e8252522 |
d2ab1db6-3fe4-4c7c-b8d6-41aa766993b4 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Advancement of women"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"5.b - Promote empowerment of women through technology"
] | Parental leave 37. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt measures to guarantee statutory entitlement to all family care-related leave, including parental leave, in order to promote the equitable sharing of caregiving responsibilities between women and men. It also recommends that the State Party take all ... | 37. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt measures to guarantee statutory entitlement to all family care-related leave, including parental leave, in order to promote the equitable sharing of caregiving responsibilities between women and men. It also recommends that the State Party take all steps necessary... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: d2ab1db6-3fe4-4c7c-b8d6-41aa766993b4 |
999aa791-af80-4e84-8aab-9f423c4f5f59 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Rights related to marriage & family",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"5.3 - Eliminate forced marriages and genital mutilation"
] | Protection of the family and children 38.While welcoming the amendments to the Labour Act increasing the penalties for forced and child labour from 2 to 10 years’ imprisonment, the Committee remains concerned about the prevalence of child labour, including in agriculture and mining and especially in artisanal and small... | 38. While welcoming the amendments to the Labour Act increasing the penalties for forced and child labour from 2 to 10 years’ imprisonment, the Committee remains concerned about the prevalence of child labour, including in agriculture and mining and especially in artisanal and small-scale mines, and commercial sexual e... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 999aa791-af80-4e84-8aab-9f423c4f5f59 |
aed664bd-46ca-4c0f-8eaa-654b7b2f519a | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Rights related to marriage & family",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & g... | [
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"5.3 ... | Protection of the family and children 39. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take urgent measures to eliminate the worst forms of child labour through a comprehensive approach that addresses its root causes, including poverty, material deprivation and social exclusion; strengthen labour inspection mecha... | 39. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take urgent measures to eliminate the worst forms of child labour through a comprehensive approach that addresses its root causes, including poverty, material deprivation and social exclusion; strengthen labour inspection mechanisms that focus specifically on child... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: aed664bd-46ca-4c0f-8eaa-654b7b2f519a |
d454f6be-5f57-4e02-a296-5e9af72a9f15 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Right to health",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"1.1 - Eradicate extreme poverty",
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 40.Noting the information on the negative impact of high inflation, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and recurrent droughts on poverty reduction efforts, the Committee remains concerned about the persistently high rates of poverty and extreme poverty in the... | 40. Noting the information on the negative impact of high inflation, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and recurrent droughts on poverty reduction efforts, the Committee remains concerned about the persistently high rates of poverty and extreme poverty in the State Party (arts. 9 and 11). | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: d454f6be-5f57-4e02-a296-5e9af72a9f15 |
99b38e63-7830-41f6-84f6-b719cbbef0a8 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Data collection & research",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%"
] | Poverty 41. Recalling its statement on poverty and the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Adopt a comprehensive multidimensional action plan to eradicate poverty, which sets out clear and measurable targets, addresses the root causes of poverty and ensures the allocation of sufficient resource... | 41. Recalling its statement on poverty and the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Adopt a comprehensive multidimensional action plan to eradicate poverty, which sets out clear and measurable targets, addresses the root causes of poverty and ensures the allocation of sufficient resources for it... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 99b38e63-7830-41f6-84f6-b719cbbef0a8 |
50c0b9d1-8eef-4130-8510-4abba9e729c6 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Economic & political crisis, natural disasters or other emergencies",
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"11.5 - Reduce the adverse effects of natural disasters",
"2.2 - End all forms of malnutrition",
"6.3 - Improve water quality, wastewater treatment and safe reuse",
"1.5... | Right to food 42.While noting the information on the State Party’s efforts to address food insecurity, including measures to support farmers, the Committee is nevertheless concerned about the widespread prevalence of food insecurity and the persistently high rates of stunting, which reportedly affects one quarter of ch... | 42. While noting the information on the State Party’s efforts to address food insecurity, including measures to support farmers, the Committee is nevertheless concerned about the widespread prevalence of food insecurity and the persistently high rates of stunting, which reportedly affects one quarter of children, and t... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 50c0b9d1-8eef-4130-8510-4abba9e729c6 |
7fd67651-2c43-42c6-a676-f53143ed7532 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Economic & political crisis, natural disasters or other emergencies",
"Right to food"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"11.5 - Reduce the adverse effects of natural disasters",
"2.2 - End all forms of malnutrition"
] | Right to food 43. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Adopt a comprehensive national strategy for the protection and promotion of the right to adequate food, developed in consultation with relevant stakeholders, which addresses food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition, establishes clear and time-bou... | 43. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Adopt a comprehensive national strategy for the protection and promotion of the right to adequate food, developed in consultation with relevant stakeholders, which addresses food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition, establishes clear and time-bound targets and... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 7fd67651-2c43-42c6-a676-f53143ed7532 |
241ae65c-6a66-4ef4-85cb-258f1057a84a | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water"
] | Right to adequate housing 44.The Committee is concerned about reports of inadequate housing conditions in rural, remote and deprived urban areas, including overcrowding and insufficient access to safe water, sanitation and electricity. The Committee is also concerned about reports of mass forced evictions during the re... | 44. The Committee is concerned about reports of inadequate housing conditions in rural, remote and deprived urban areas, including overcrowding and insufficient access to safe water, sanitation and electricity. The Committee is also concerned about reports of mass forced evictions during the reporting period, carried o... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 241ae65c-6a66-4ef4-85cb-258f1057a84a |
49032d47-28e4-4c1e-892c-a4833b3f60f1 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 45. Recalling its general comments No. 4 (1991) on the right to adequate housing and No. 7 (1997) on forced evictions, the Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts to increase housing supply and improve housing conditions, paying particular atte... | 45. Recalling its general comments No. 4 (1991) on the right to adequate housing and No. 7 (1997) on forced evictions, the Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts to increase housing supply and improve housing conditions, paying particular attention to the needs of disadvantaged and marginalized... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 49032d47-28e4-4c1e-892c-a4833b3f60f1 |
fe811c75-fa8d-482f-894a-732791def89d | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation"
] | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water"
] | Rights to water and sanitation 46.The Committee is concerned that many communities continue to face serious difficulties in accessing safe water and adequate sanitation, reportedly relying heavily on unprotected sources for domestic use, which exposes them to waterborne diseases, and having limited access to basic sani... | 46. The Committee is concerned that many communities continue to face serious difficulties in accessing safe water and adequate sanitation, reportedly relying heavily on unprotected sources for domestic use, which exposes them to waterborne diseases, and having limited access to basic sanitation facilities (art. 11). | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: fe811c75-fa8d-482f-894a-732791def89d |
c5309cac-3718-42a5-9ca2-31675548a69f | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Safe drinking water & sanitation"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 47. Recalling its general comment No. 15 (2002) on the right to water, the Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts, including by expediting the adoption and effective implementation of the National Water Policy (2013) and Sanitation and Hygien... | 47. Recalling its general comment No. 15 (2002) on the right to water, the Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts, including by expediting the adoption and effective implementation of the National Water Policy (2013) and Sanitation and Hygiene Policy (2024), to improve access to safe, affordab... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: c5309cac-3718-42a5-9ca2-31675548a69f |
acd0de44-56b4-458d-a3b9-c30618fc628b | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Internally displaced persons"
] | [
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food"
] | Adaptation to climate change 48.The Committee is concerned that the existing adaptation measures are not sufficient to address the increasing negative impact of climate change on the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights in the State Party, including as a result of the loss of livelihoods, displacements and... | 48. The Committee is concerned that the existing adaptation measures are not sufficient to address the increasing negative impact of climate change on the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights in the State Party, including as a result of the loss of livelihoods, displacements and food insecurity following p... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: acd0de44-56b4-458d-a3b9-c30618fc628b |
17d744ae-366d-47e6-9b7d-2cb3883bbfb0 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Economic & political crisis, natural disasters or other emergencies",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"13 - CLIMATE ACTION",
"11.5 - Reduce the adverse effects of natural disasters",
"13.2 - Integrate climate change measures",
"1.5 - Build resilience to environmental, economic and social disasters"
] | Adaptation to climate change 49. Recalling its statement on climate change and the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its national climate change adaptation efforts to address the adverse impacts of climate change on economic, social and cultural rights, with enhanced disaster management... | 49. Recalling its statement on climate change and the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its national climate change adaptation efforts to address the adverse impacts of climate change on economic, social and cultural rights, with enhanced disaster management measures and adequate human,... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 17d744ae-366d-47e6-9b7d-2cb3883bbfb0 |
489be85c-adbd-41f9-85e4-ac09547faf6b | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers",
"Migrants",
"Social workers"
] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to health"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"3 - GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING"
] | Right to physical and mental health 50.The Committee is concerned about the emigration of medical professionals owing to low salaries and poor working conditions, the persistent underfunding of healthcare and services and the reliance – albeit recently reduced – on donor contributions for funding healthcare services, n... | 50. The Committee is concerned about the emigration of medical professionals owing to low salaries and poor working conditions, the persistent underfunding of healthcare and services and the reliance – albeit recently reduced – on donor contributions for funding healthcare services, noting reports of shortages of essen... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 489be85c-adbd-41f9-85e4-ac09547faf6b |
a6937881-84d4-4b7c-b3fc-a8d4c18214da | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Medical staff / health professionals"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"3 - GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING",
"3.c - Increase health financing and workforce support for developing countries"
] | Right to physical and mental health 51. Recalling its general comment No. 14 (2000) on the right to the highest attainable standard of health, the Committee recommends that the State Party take urgent measures to strengthen its healthcare system by increasing public budget allocations to healthcare and services, increa... | 51. Recalling its general comment No. 14 (2000) on the right to the highest attainable standard of health, the Committee recommends that the State Party take urgent measures to strengthen its healthcare system by increasing public budget allocations to healthcare and services, increasing the number of medical professio... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: a6937881-84d4-4b7c-b3fc-a8d4c18214da |
f52c60ae-ba01-4171-97e9-362cbf45e23e | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"3 - GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Persons living with HIV/AIDS 52.While welcoming the efforts to mobilize public resources through the National AIDS Trust Fund, the Committee remains concerned that limited funding, including as a result of a decline in donor contributions, has rendered many HIV/AIDS programmes ineffective or defunct, creating significa... | Persons living with HIV/AIDS 52. While welcoming the efforts to mobilize public resources through the National AIDS Trust Fund, the Committee remains concerned that limited funding, including as a result of a decline in donor contributions, has rendered many HIV/AIDS programmes ineffective or defunct, creating signific... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: f52c60ae-ba01-4171-97e9-362cbf45e23e |
ff1ece26-1427-4809-b664-1a38f39295ff | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Right to health",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Persons living with HIV/AIDS 53. The Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts: (a) To allocate adequate resources for HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment to ensure that funding shortages do not impede access to treatment and care for persons living with HIV/AIDS; (b) To strengthen measures to preve... | Persons living with HIV/AIDS 53. The Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts: (a) To allocate adequate resources for HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment to ensure that funding shortages do not impede access to treatment and care for persons living with HIV/AIDS; (b) To strengthen measures to preve... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: ff1ece26-1427-4809-b664-1a38f39295ff |
0674e673-5ef7-4988-b7e2-ce9f54034f2a | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS"
] | [
"Right to health"
] | [
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases"
] | Drug policy 54.The Committee is concerned about the negative impact of the State Party’s punitive approach to drug use on the right to health, noting the limited availability and accessibility of harm reduction and rehabilitation programmes, which further contributes to the continued transmission of HIV and hepatitis C... | 54. The Committee is concerned about the negative impact of the State Party’s punitive approach to drug use on the right to health, noting the limited availability and accessibility of harm reduction and rehabilitation programmes, which further contributes to the continued transmission of HIV and hepatitis C among thos... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 0674e673-5ef7-4988-b7e2-ce9f54034f2a |
1ecaae0b-de26-44e8-a9a2-578194373b3b | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Youth & juveniles"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"3 - GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING",
"3.5 - Prevent and treat substance abuse",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Drug policy 55. The Committee recommends that the State Party review its legislative framework to adopt a human rights-based approach to drug use, including by: (a) Conducting preventive awareness-raising on the serious health risks associated with drug abuse, particularly among young people; (b) Ensuring the treatment... | 55. The Committee recommends that the State Party review its legislative framework to adopt a human rights-based approach to drug use, including by: (a) Conducting preventive awareness-raising on the serious health risks associated with drug abuse, particularly among young people; (b) Ensuring the treatment of drug use... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 1ecaae0b-de26-44e8-a9a2-578194373b3b |
40b40bcf-6e40-4e10-90dd-0f5eb10a5688 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Violence against women",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Sexual & reproductive health and rights"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"3.7 - Universal access to reproductive care, planning and education",
"5.6 - Universal access to reproductive health and right... | Right to sexual and reproductive health 56.The Committee welcomes the 2024 decision of the Supreme Court concerning section 2 (1) of the Termination of Pregnancy Act, which held that denying access to safe and legal abortion services in cases of marital rape and the sexual abuse of children is unconstitutional. Neverth... | 56. The Committee welcomes the 2024 decision of the Supreme Court concerning section 2 (1) of the Termination of Pregnancy Act, which held that denying access to safe and legal abortion services in cases of marital rape and the sexual abuse of children is unconstitutional. Nevertheless, the Committee remains concerned ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 40b40bcf-6e40-4e10-90dd-0f5eb10a5688 |
59b87f87-07e0-4966-adf5-2039bf185438 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Violence against women",
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Right to life",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Discrimination against women",
"Sexual & reproductive health and rights... | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"3... | Right to sexual and reproductive health 57. The Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary to ensure the full realization of women ’ s and girls ’ right to sexual and reproductive health, including by: (a) Revising its legislation on termination of pregnancy in the light of the 2024 Supreme C... | 57. The Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary to ensure the full realization of women ’ s and girls ’ right to sexual and reproductive health, including by: (a) Revising its legislation on termination of pregnancy in the light of the 2024 Supreme Court decision to make it compatible with... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 59b87f87-07e0-4966-adf5-2039bf185438 |
a201d949-2675-42d4-a674-41dc79201733 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Educational staff & students",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Rights related to marriage & family",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Right to education",
"Budget & resources ... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, traffick... | Right to education 58.The Committee is concerned about the high rates of school dropout driven primarily by poverty, child labour, child marriage and teenage pregnancy, particularly in rural areas, and the seriously limited access to education for children with disabilities. It is also concerned about the significant u... | 58. The Committee is concerned about the high rates of school dropout driven primarily by poverty, child labour, child marriage and teenage pregnancy, particularly in rural areas, and the seriously limited access to education for children with disabilities. It is also concerned about the significant underfunding of edu... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: a201d949-2675-42d4-a674-41dc79201733 |
9a3f93ff-59ec-4d7d-85dc-963df7867162 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Educational staff & students",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Children: juvenile justice",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Persons with disabilities: accessibility, mobility",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Persons with disabilities: independence, inclusion",
"Safe drinking water... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"6.1 - S... | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 59. The Committee recommends that the State Party take effective measures: (a) To ensure access to inclusive and quality education for all children, including children with disabilities, by increasing public investment in education, improving school infrastructure and... | 59. The Committee recommends that the State Party take effective measures: (a) To ensure access to inclusive and quality education for all children, including children with disabilities, by increasing public investment in education, improving school infrastructure and access to electricity, water and sanitation facilit... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 9a3f93ff-59ec-4d7d-85dc-963df7867162 |
6c6217e9-99f8-4cf8-b346-1b712d1452bb | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cultural rights",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Right to education"
] | [
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"4.a - Build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools"
] | Cultural rights 60.While welcoming the State Party’s formal endorsement of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the Committee is concerned that Indigenous and tribal peoples, including the Tshwa, the Doma and other Indigenous and tribal peoples, as well as minority groups, are not officia... | 60. While welcoming the State Party’s formal endorsement of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the Committee is concerned that Indigenous and tribal peoples, including the Tshwa, the Doma and other Indigenous and tribal peoples, as well as minority groups, are not officially recognized ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 6c6217e9-99f8-4cf8-b346-1b712d1452bb |
bbcad9cd-e58b-4706-9956-1c55116ad34e | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Educational staff & students",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cultural rights",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Land & property rights",
"Right to education",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementa... | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"4.a - Build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 61. The Committee recommends that the State Party establish a legislative and policy framework that recognizes and protects the legal status and rights of communities identifying as Indigenous and tribal peoples or minorities, enabling them to preserve, develop, expre... | 61. The Committee recommends that the State Party establish a legislative and policy framework that recognizes and protects the legal status and rights of communities identifying as Indigenous and tribal peoples or minorities, enabling them to preserve, develop, express and share their identity, history, culture, langu... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: bbcad9cd-e58b-4706-9956-1c55116ad34e |
95ca34f8-4aec-4046-bf1b-d78cdffc3de5 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [] | [
"12.a - Support developing countries' scientific and technological capacity of sustainable consumption and production",
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures",
"17.8 - Operationalize the technology bank, build scientific capacity and enhance information and communication technology... | Right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications 62.The Committee is concerned that the number of Internet users remains low due to high costs, limited infrastructure and poor connectivity in rural areas. The Committee is also concerned that many persons, particularly those living in rural areas,... | 62. The Committee is concerned that the number of Internet users remains low due to high costs, limited infrastructure and poor connectivity in rural areas. The Committee is also concerned that many persons, particularly those living in rural areas, those from low-income households and persons with disabilities, lack t... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 95ca34f8-4aec-4046-bf1b-d78cdffc3de5 |
040de97a-859a-445f-902a-696e33fd026f | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures",
"17.8 - Operationalize the technology bank, build scientific capacity and enhance information and communication technology",
"9.c - Universal access to information and communications technology"
] | Right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications 63. Recalling its general comment No. 25 (2020) on science and economic, social and cultural rights, the Committee recommends that the State Party take measures to bridge the digital divide by expanding affordable and high-quality Internet access, ... | 63. Recalling its general comment No. 25 (2020) on science and economic, social and cultural rights, the Committee recommends that the State Party take measures to bridge the digital divide by expanding affordable and high-quality Internet access, particularly in rural areas, and improving digital infrastructure nation... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 040de97a-859a-445f-902a-696e33fd026f |
43ac6eb6-beef-4605-820e-bf6873508330 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Public officials"
] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments"
] | [
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | D.Other recommendations 64. The Committee encourages the State Party to accede to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. | 64. The Committee encourages the State Party to accede to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 43ac6eb6-beef-4605-820e-bf6873508330 |
12540005-abd1-4155-92ff-d4a493ef98b2 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Disappeared persons"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | D.Other recommendations 65. The Committee recommends that the State Party consider acceding to the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a Party, namely the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the International Convention for the Protection of All ... | 65. The Committee recommends that the State Party consider acceding to the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a Party, namely the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Di... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 12540005-abd1-4155-92ff-d4a493ef98b2 |
5f2a1b33-00f6-4732-b928-44ce4c14a9d6 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Migrants",
"Older persons",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 66. The Committee also recommends that the State Party take fully into account its obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined therein in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the national level, ... | 66. The Committee also recommends that the State Party take fully into account its obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined therein in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the national level, including in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 5f2a1b33-00f6-4732-b928-44ce4c14a9d6 |
0f4d09ff-d7c0-40fc-9bde-7f4d7ca8ab72 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Public officials"
] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | D.Other recommendations 67. The Committee further recommends that the State Party take steps to progressively develop and apply appropriate indicators on the implementation of economic, social and cultural rights in order to facilitate the assessment of progress achieved by the State Party in complying with its obligat... | 67. The Committee further recommends that the State Party take steps to progressively develop and apply appropriate indicators on the implementation of economic, social and cultural rights in order to facilitate the assessment of progress achieved by the State Party in complying with its obligations under the Covenant ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 0f4d09ff-d7c0-40fc-9bde-7f4d7ca8ab72 |
68047bfc-b091-4230-9518-1c1420a109b4 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 68. The Committee requests that the State Party disseminate the present concluding observations widely at all levels of society, including at the national, provincial and local levels, in particular among parliamentarians, public officials and judicial authorities, an... | 68. The Committee requests that the State Party disseminate the present concluding observations widely at all levels of society, including at the national, provincial and local levels, in particular among parliamentarians, public officials and judicial authorities, and that it inform the Committee in its next periodic ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 68047bfc-b091-4230-9518-1c1420a109b4 |
509fd38e-adcc-4f76-9ce3-63ad06941d03 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Right to food"
] | [
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food"
] | D.Other recommendations 69. In accordance with the procedure on follow-up to concluding observations adopted by the Committee, the State Party is requested to provide, within 24 months of the adoption of the present concluding observations ( 30 September 202 7) , information on the implementation of the recommendations... | 69. In accordance with the procedure on follow-up to concluding observations adopted by the Committee, the State Party is requested to provide, within 24 months of the adoption of the present concluding observations ( 30 September 202 7) , information on the implementation of the recommendations contained in paragraphs... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 509fd38e-adcc-4f76-9ce3-63ad06941d03 |
62f1d999-2053-4318-afef-e8dc3f3f283a | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Public officials"
] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 70. The Committee requests the State Party to submit its third periodic report, to be prepared in accordance with article 16 of the Covenant by 30 September 2030 , unless otherwise notified as a result of a change in the review cycle. In accordance with General Assemb... | 70. The Committee requests the State Party to submit its third periodic report, to be prepared in accordance with article 16 of the Covenant by 30 September 2030 , unless otherwise notified as a result of a change in the review cycle. In accordance with General Assembly resolution 68/268, the word limit for the report ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 62f1d999-2053-4318-afef-e8dc3f3f283a |
68425bc5-4d96-401a-ae38-382bbd9cd061 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Public officials",
"Migrants",
"Older persons",
"Stateless persons",
"Women & girls",
"Judges, lawyers and prosec... | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Racial discrimination",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Economic & political crisis, natural disasters or other emergencies",
"Human rights & climate... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"17.2 - Implement all development assistance commitments",
"1.5 - Build resilience to en... | Context 4. Germany is a federation comprising 16 federal states ( Länder ). Each of the federal states has its own constitution, parliament, administrative structures and responsibilities. The exercise of state powers and the discharge of state functions are generally the responsibility of the federal states. Local aut... | 4. Germany is a federation comprising 16 federal states (Länder). Each of the federal states has its own constitution, parliament, administrative structures and responsibilities. The exercise of state powers and the discharge of state functions are generally the responsibility of the federal states. Local authorities (... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 68425bc5-4d96-401a-ae38-382bbd9cd061 |
52bdc791-db38-46a0-b6b4-a14d4675f516 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Women & girls",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data collection & research"... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Sexual abuse of minors within communities and the circle of trust 8. In 2023, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office, there were 16,375 cases of sexual abuse of children, a 5.5 per cent increase over 2022. Of the 18,497 child victims recorded, 75.6 per cent were female and 24.4 per cent were male; 15,460 victi... | 8. In 2023, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office, there were 16,375 cases of sexual abuse of children, a 5.5 per cent increase over 2022. Of the 18,497 child victims recorded, 75.6 per cent were female and 24.4 per cent were male; 15,460 victims were German, while 3,037 were nationals of other countries, the... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 52bdc791-db38-46a0-b6b4-a14d4675f516 |
0c1c3265-86ae-4076-8a4a-49135318a6a6 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women"
] | Trafficking in children for the purpose of sexual exploitation 9. In Germany, commercial sexual exploitation appears to be the most prevalent form of trafficking in children. In 2023, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office, there were 182 cases of child sexual exploitation, with 216 child victims identified; 7... | 9. In Germany, commercial sexual exploitation appears to be the most prevalent form of trafficking in children. In 2023, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office, there were 182 cases of child sexual exploitation, with 216 child victims identified; 74.2 per cent were female. Of the child victims, 78.6 per cent w... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 0c1c3265-86ae-4076-8a4a-49135318a6a6 |
f3eff2d1-90ad-4570-9604-32b908ad6823 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children"
] | [
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Sexual exploitation of children in the context of travel and tourism 10. In Germany, commercial travel operators offer a mixture of voluntary service and tourism, known as voluntourism. A survey conducted in September 2023 with 25 commercial travel providers that targeted the German market found that all of them provid... | 10. In Germany, commercial travel operators offer a mixture of voluntary service and tourism, known as voluntourism. A survey conducted in September 2023 with 25 commercial travel providers that targeted the German market found that all of them provided offers for volunteering abroad and that the demand for voluntouris... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: f3eff2d1-90ad-4570-9604-32b908ad6823 |
3377482a-7fc4-461a-b5fc-3fc566da63b4 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls",
"Media"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access t... | Online child sexual exploitation and abuse and child sexual abuse material 11. The digital environment has been playing an increasingly important role in cases of sexual abuse and exploitation of children. In Germany, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office, the number of cases of production, distribution, acqu... | 11. The digital environment has been playing an increasingly important role in cases of sexual abuse and exploitation of children. In Germany, according to the Federal Criminal Police Office, the number of cases of production, distribution, acquisition and possessionof child sexual abuse materialhas risen steadily in r... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 3377482a-7fc4-461a-b5fc-3fc566da63b4 |
8153083d-49b9-438c-bc1b-1251febaa4bd | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Persons with disabilities: protection against exploitation, violence & abuse",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Persons with disabilities: protecting the integrity of t... | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere"
] | Children with disabilities 12. In Germany, as elsewhere, children with disabilities are at heightened risk of becoming victims of sexual abuse and exploitation. Relationships of dependency can quickly develop in contexts where there is intensive contact between children and adults, such as in childcare, education, coun... | 12. In Germany, as elsewhere, children with disabilities are at heightened risk of becoming victims of sexual abuse and exploitation. Relationships of dependency can quickly develop in contexts where there is intensive contact between children and adults, such as in childcare, education, counselling or therapy, and wit... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 8153083d-49b9-438c-bc1b-1251febaa4bd |
2aabfd6c-330d-48f1-9077-7fdefc2731a4 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls",
"... | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Refugee and asylum-seeking children 13. Refugee and asylum-seeking children in Germany face a higher risk of falling victim to sexual abuse and trafficking. Language barriers and the children’s living conditions and lack of knowledge about German systems and support services exacerbate their vulnerability. Systemic pro... | 13. Refugee and asylum-seeking children in Germany face a higher risk of falling victim to sexual abuse and trafficking. Language barriers and the children’s living conditions and lack of knowledge about German systems and support services exacerbate their vulnerability. Systemic protection strategies against violence ... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 2aabfd6c-330d-48f1-9077-7fdefc2731a4 |
49ba3ee7-4e1a-4571-9492-efcad5f42907 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Human rights & poverty",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery"... | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"1.b - Create pro-poor and gender-sen... | Migrant children 14. The Special Rapporteur’s discussions with interlocutors revealed that many of the victims of child trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation in Germany fell within the age range of 15–17 years and came from Bulgaria, Czechia, Poland and Romania. They were often boys who had grown up in pov... | 14. The Special Rapporteur’s discussions with interlocutors revealed that many of the victims of child trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation in Germany fell within the age range of 15–17 years and came from Bulgaria, Czechia, Poland and Romania. They were often boys who had grown up in poverty and had been... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 49ba3ee7-4e1a-4571-9492-efcad5f42907 |
ecd56aec-f441-4696-a596-e4c271b5b2fb | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Women & girls",
"Persons affected by armed conflict",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Violence against women",
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Cooperation with human rights mechanisms & requests for technical assistance",
"Children: protection against exploitation",... | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | International legal framework 15. Germany has ratified major international human rights instruments, including eight of the nine core international human rights instruments of the United Nations. 16. Germany ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1992, the Optional Protocol on the involvement of children... | 15. Germany has ratified major international human rights instruments, including eight of the nine core international human rights instruments of the United Nations. 16. Germany ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child in 1992, the Optional Protocol on the involvement of children in armed conflict in 2004, th... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: ecd56aec-f441-4696-a596-e4c271b5b2fb |
56980ff8-eb7d-4925-9929-8d9c941ffbab | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Educational staff & students",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Non-citizens"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Rights related to marriage & family",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Children: protection against exploitation",... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, traff... | Domestic legal framework 19. In Germany, there are laws at the national, federal state and municipal levels relating to child protection. At the national level, Book VIII of the Social Code (1991) regulates the mandate, services and responsibilities of child and youth welfare services, including emergency placement, pa... | 19. In Germany, there are laws at the national, federal state and municipal levels relating to child protection. At the national level, Book VIII of the Social Code (1991) regulates the mandate, services and responsibilities of child and youth welfare services, including emergency placement, participation in family cou... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 56980ff8-eb7d-4925-9929-8d9c941ffbab |
dc4f0fdd-51db-453e-8c0f-264a6e171f70 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Media"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Private life & privacy",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; gener... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, traff... | Institutional framework 26. The Office of the Independent Federal Commissioner against Child Sexual Abuse, which was established in 2010, plays a central role in protecting children from sexual exploitation and abuse, both online and offline. The Office serves as a point of contact for survivors, promotes public and po... | 26. The Office of the Independent Federal Commissioner against Child Sexual Abuse, which was established in 2010, plays a central role in protecting children from sexual exploitation and abuse, both online and offline. The Office serves as a point of contact for survivors, promotes public and political awareness of the... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: dc4f0fdd-51db-453e-8c0f-264a6e171f70 |
0bf1b33d-5a27-470b-b7df-59d5ee61295d | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protecti... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law ... | National policies, strategies and programmes 32. Germany has developed strategic plans on specific aspects of child protection. In 2011, the Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth issued the Action Plan for the Protection of Children and Young People from Sexual Violence and Exploitation.... | 32. Germany has developed strategic plans on specific aspects of child protection. In 2011, the Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth issued the Action Plan for the Protection of Children and Young People from Sexual Violence and Exploitation. The Action Plan is focused on prevention, su... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 0bf1b33d-5a27-470b-b7df-59d5ee61295d |
e7ebe9ea-d0d6-4b86-b2b8-234437c3916e | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Educational staff & students",
"Women & girls",
"Media",
... | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Advancement of women",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
... | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and politica... | Prevention 34. Education serves as one of the most effective means of combating the sale, sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children. The Special Rapporteur was pleased to learn that, in Germany, sexuality education is mandatory starting in primary school. Although education is within the purview of each federal ... | 34. Education serves as one of the most effective means of combating the sale, sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children. The Special Rapporteur was pleased to learn that, in Germany, sexuality education is mandatory starting in primary school. Although education is within the purview of each federal state, the ... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: e7ebe9ea-d0d6-4b86-b2b8-234437c3916e |
e2fcf70c-b2ff-45d6-ba6d-89b5b314bfc8 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Public officials",
"Social workers",
"Educational staff & s... | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Private life & privacy",
"Human trafficking & conte... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenshi... | Identification and response 41. In Germany, professionals who work with children, including medical personnel, psychologists, social workers and teachers, are usually bound by professional confidentiality regulations. Nevertheless, if they suspect child endangerment, they must discuss the situation with the child and w... | 41. In Germany, professionals who work with children, including medical personnel, psychologists, social workers and teachers, are usually bound by professional confidentiality regulations. Nevertheless, if they suspect child endangerment, they must discuss the situation with the child and with the legal guardian, wher... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: e2fcf70c-b2ff-45d6-ba6d-89b5b314bfc8 |
b9fb4e1b-d56e-45f1-8653-8ec1f5057f4e | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"R... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"5.2 - End all violence again... | Care, recovery and reintegration 48. The Special Rapporteur visited the childhood houses in Berlin and Düsseldorf, which are outpatient, child-friendly, multidisciplinary points of contact and support for children and young people affected by violence. The childhood houses offer a place for child victims to be examined... | 48. The Special Rapporteur visited the childhood houses in Berlin and Düsseldorf, which are outpatient, child-friendly, multidisciplinary points of contact and support for children and young people affected by violence. The childhood houses offer a place for child victims to be examined and interviewed in a safe and ch... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: b9fb4e1b-d56e-45f1-8653-8ec1f5057f4e |
4d4d3231-7f83-4bb4-9ad4-36ac41552426 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence"
] | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law... | Investigation, prosecution and access to justice 52. Discussions revealed that the challenges in investigating cases of trafficking in persons in Germany included a lack of clarity on the relevant provision within the Criminal Code and a lack of knowledge on the part of the investigative authorities and the judiciary o... | 52. Discussions revealed that the challenges in investigating cases of trafficking in persons in Germany included a lack of clarity on the relevant provision within the Criminal Code and a lack of knowledge on the part of the investigative authorities and the judiciary on how to interpret the provision. The titles of t... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 4d4d3231-7f83-4bb4-9ad4-36ac41552426 |
6cac7cc2-fe31-4bd9-92f2-62886878f133 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Budget & resources (for... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | 53.The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government ensure the establishment of specialized prosecutor offices and law enforcement units for child sexual abuse and exploitation and trafficking in children at the federal state level. Furthermore, there is a need for more capacity-building for law enforcement person... | 53. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government ensure the establishment of specialized prosecutor offices and law enforcement units for child sexual abuse and exploitation and trafficking in children at the federal state level. Furthermore, there is a need for more capacity-building for law enforcement perso... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 6cac7cc2-fe31-4bd9-92f2-62886878f133 |
a1f913c5-c0ec-450d-8c19-53d4714cdb99 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data collection & research",
"... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | 54. The Federal Criminal Police Office is well positioned for the fight against child sexual exploitation and abuse online and well connected internationally. Investigative authorities at the federal state level are also equipped to combat such phenomena and have managed to uncover and stop ongoing abuse and exploitati... | 54. The Federal Criminal Police Office is well positioned for the fight against child sexual exploitation and abuse online and well connected internationally. Investigative authorities at the federal state level are also equipped to combat such phenomena and have managed to uncover and stop ongoing abuse and exploitati... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: a1f913c5-c0ec-450d-8c19-53d4714cdb99 |
f55fdfbd-2d3e-454f-a635-61548bd8319e | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Children: juvenile justice",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / imp... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation ... | 56. It was also brought to the Special Rapporteur’s attention that, while video hearings of children were legally possible, they were subject to certain practical hurdles. Depending on the equipment and the procedure, video interviews are carried out more often in some federal states than others. In addition, the court... | 56. It was also brought to the Special Rapporteur’s attention that, while video hearings of children were legally possible, they were subject to certain practical hurdles. Depending on the equipment and the procedure, video interviews are carried out more often in some federal states than others. In addition, the court... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: f55fdfbd-2d3e-454f-a635-61548bd8319e |
13be6838-ac85-44aa-b712-342efa15fae1 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Participation of women in political & public life",
"Right to... | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"16.10 - Ensure public... | 57. Germany counts around 500 municipal child and youth parliaments. The Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth supports initiatives to strengthen local child and youth parliaments nationwide through funding and the provision of advice, information and networking opportunities. | 57. Germany counts around 500 municipal child and youth parliaments. The Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth supports initiatives to strengthen local child and youth parliaments nationwide through funding and the provision of advice, information and networking opportunities. | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 13be6838-ac85-44aa-b712-342efa15fae1 |
27d57b6a-f062-4ab2-a9b4-6e3ae1cb1bad | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | Data 59. Local child and youth welfare authorities are obliged to collect data on child endangerment cases on an ongoing basis, disaggregated by type of endangerment and perpetrator, risk assessment, gender, age, assistance, place of residence and parents’ nationality, among other categories, and to transmit the data t... | Data 59. Local child and youth welfare authorities are obliged to collect data on child endangerment cases on an ongoing basis, disaggregated by type of endangerment and perpetrator, risk assessment, gender, age, assistance, place of residence and parents’ nationality, among other categories, and to transmit the data t... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 27d57b6a-f062-4ab2-a9b4-6e3ae1cb1bad |
84da7a71-9bcc-487a-aea6-188b406d6f09 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Migrants",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Persons with disabilities: protection against exploitation, violence & abuse",
... | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"1.a - Mobilize resources to implement policies to en... | Conclusions 61. Germany has been devoting increased attention and resources to improv ing its policy, legal and institutional frameworks for the prevention of the sale, sexual abuse and exploitation of children and their protection from such offences . Over the years, robust legal frameworks and structures have been pu... | 61. Germany has been devoting increased attention and resources to improving its policy, legal and institutional frameworks for the prevention of the sale, sexual abuse and exploitation of children and their protection from such offences . Over the years, robust legal frameworks and structures have been put in place to... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 84da7a71-9bcc-487a-aea6-188b406d6f09 |
45def2be-c6b2-40f5-937e-40ba83bab87a | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Acce... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"15.c - Combat global poaching and trafficking",
"5.2 - End all violence against and exploitation of women",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundam... | Legislative, institutional and policy framework 67. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Adopt a national child protection strategy with an oversight mechanism to ensure consistency and harmony in approaches and implementation across the country; (b) Appoint a national commissioner for children ’ ... | 67. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Adopt a national child protection strategy with an oversight mechanism to ensure consistency and harmony in approaches and implementation across the country; (b) Appoint a national commissioner for children ’ s rights to, inter alia, ensure that laws and pr... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 45def2be-c6b2-40f5-937e-40ba83bab87a |
a2944916-c2bc-4c39-a8b8-32b138d52ac0 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"United Republic of Tanzania",
"Germany"
] | [
"Africa",
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Migrants",
"Educational staff & students",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"... | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Cultural rights",
"Good governance & corruption",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rig... | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, tr... | Prevention and eradication of the sale, sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children 68. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Incorporate age-appropriate sexuality education and digital literacy, including on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse in both the online and offline enviro... | 68. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Incorporate age-appropriate sexuality education and digital literacy, including on the prevention of sexual exploitation and abuse in both the online and offline environments, as a compulsory subject for all children in all schools across the country; (b) E... | SR Sale of children | United Republic of Tanzania | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: a2944916-c2bc-4c39-a8b8-32b138d52ac0 |
80b8fe70-69de-4045-b1c0-500b4e8b6e6d | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children"
] | [
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Sexual & gender-based violen... | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access t... | Identification and response 69. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Provide child protection actors and professionals working with children with adequate training on their mandate to ensure uninhibited multi-stakeholder exchange of information regarding a child in need of care and protection; (b)... | 69. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Provide child protection actors and professionals working with children with adequate training on their mandate to ensure uninhibited multi-stakeholder exchange of information regarding a child in need of care and protection; (b) Ensure the availability and... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 80b8fe70-69de-4045-b1c0-500b4e8b6e6d |
e7c1ed0b-3bda-4d3e-bc9d-1e6c91a12888 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general pr... | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Care, recovery and reintegration of child victims 70. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Strengthen the commitment to combat the sale, sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children with sustainable resources, especially for service providers so that they can provide the necessary care and sup... | 70. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Strengthen the commitment to combat the sale, sexual exploitation and sexual abuse of children with sustainable resources, especially for service providers so that they can provide the necessary care and support for child victims and survivors; (b) Ensure t... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: e7c1ed0b-3bda-4d3e-bc9d-1e6c91a12888 |
bf167f5f-97a1-4cce-8599-7e9cb7fe2ca7 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & contemporary forms of slavery",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to justice... | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the r... | Investigation, prosecution and sanctions 71. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Establish specialized prosecutor offices and law enforcement units for child sexual abuse and exploitation and trafficking in children at the federal state level; (b) Ensure the appropriate prosecution and punishment... | 71. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Establish specialized prosecutor offices and law enforcement units for child sexual abuse and exploitation and trafficking in children at the federal state level; (b) Ensure the appropriate prosecution and punishment of perpetrators in Germany who create de... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: bf167f5f-97a1-4cce-8599-7e9cb7fe2ca7 |
47faaf1e-11ef-49ff-9260-7085fc308256 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles"
] | [
"Children: juvenile justice",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Right to self-determination"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to i... | Child participation 72. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Ensure that children are at the centre of every process and decision relating to the provision of care and services to them and that they are able to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes that affect them; (b) Encourage t... | 72. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Ensure that children are at the centre of every process and decision relating to the provision of care and services to them and that they are able to participate meaningfully in decision-making processes that affect them; (b) Encourage the Survivors ’ Board... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 47faaf1e-11ef-49ff-9260-7085fc308256 |
203e4b9c-069b-4856-b4f6-00abbf009e2a | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation with human rights mechanisms & requests for technical assistance",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"16.10 - Ensure public access t... | Data 73. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Strengthen and harmonize data collection within the federal government and the federal states and among local authorities and civil society organizations; (b) Ensure the systematic collection of comprehensive, reliable and disaggregated data on the sex... | Data 73. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Strengthen and harmonize data collection within the federal government and the federal states and among local authorities and civil society organizations; (b) Ensure the systematic collection of comprehensive, reliable and disaggregated data on the sex... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 203e4b9c-069b-4856-b4f6-00abbf009e2a |
00c79575-51c7-4536-84ca-dd347c388f51 | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | SR Sale of children | 2026-01-08 | 2,026 | Recommendations | [
"Germany"
] | [
"Western Europe & Others"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Youth & juveniles"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Good governance & corruption",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation with human rights mechanisms & requests for technical assistance",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human trafficking & c... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"17.17 - Encourage effective partnerships",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fund... | Cooperation and partnership 74. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Foster sustainable and consistent intersectoral collaboration among relevant stakeholders in child protection across the country, including the youth welfare offices, health services, counselling centres, law enforcement agencies... | 74. The Special Rapporteur recommends that the Government: (a) Foster sustainable and consistent intersectoral collaboration among relevant stakeholders in child protection across the country, including the youth welfare offices, health services, counselling centres, law enforcement agencies, the courts and educational... | SR Sale of children | Germany | A/HRC/61/45/ADD.1 | 2026 | DocumentId: 72153f7d-5c4e-4563-af34-a88466fc6174 | AnnotationId: 00c79575-51c7-4536-84ca-dd347c388f51 |
44581516-8427-4784-82e4-42a5a19ff7e5 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Children",
"Women & girls",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups",
"Persons with disabilities",
"Persons affected by armed conflict",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Advancement of women",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Racial discrimination",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to jus... | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with e... | International legal context 8.Singapore has ratified four of the nine main human rights conventions: the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabil... | 8. Singapore has ratified four of the nine main human rights conventions: the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Convention on... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 44581516-8427-4784-82e4-42a5a19ff7e5 |
1879fe9b-7df7-4316-bdc8-72898ef54e07 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitm... | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"15.9 - Integrate ecosystem and biodiversity in governmental planning"
] | National legal context 14.The right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment is a fundamental human right, as recognized by the General Assembly in its resolution 76/300 and the Human Rights Council in its resolution 48/13. Singapore voted in favour of the General Assembly resolution, joining 160 other States on... | 14. The right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment is a fundamental human right, as recognized by the General Assembly in its resolution 76/300 and the Human Rights Council in its resolution 48/13. Singapore voted in favour of the General Assembly resolution, joining 160 other States on that historical vote.... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 1879fe9b-7df7-4316-bdc8-72898ef54e07 |
58926cdb-d489-4b4d-9f93-2eec2ff61f09 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Civil & political rights - general measures of implementation"
] | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"15.9 - Integrate ecosystem and biodiversity in governmental planning"
] | Constitution 16.The Constitution of Singapore was first adopted in 1959 and has since undergone multiple amendments, the most recent in 2010. Following independence from Malaysia on 9 August 1965, a provisional constitution was enacted on 22 December 1965, comprising three documents: (a) the Constitution of the State o... | 16. The Constitution of Singapore was first adopted in 1959 and has since undergone multiple amendments, the most recent in 2010. Following independence from Malaysia on 9 August 1965, a provisional constitution was enacted on 22 December 1965, comprising three documents: (a) the Constitution of the State of Singapore ... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 58926cdb-d489-4b4d-9f93-2eec2ff61f09 |
522ee2c3-d629-4f4a-8561-5393566d78c5 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Sp... | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"3.9 - Reduce illnesses and death from hazardous chemicals and pollution",
"6.3 - Improve water quality, wastewater treatment and safe reuse"... | National legislation and environmental policy 18.Singapore has developed a highly technical system of environmental regulations, aiming to balance rapid development with sustainability. Agencies such as the National Environment Agency and the Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment enforce laws covering pollutio... | 18. Singapore has developed a highly technical system of environmental regulations, aiming to balance rapid development with sustainability. Agencies such as the National Environment Agency and the Ministry of Sustainability and the Environment enforce laws covering pollution control, waste management and water protect... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 522ee2c3-d629-4f4a-8561-5393566d78c5 |
127366ce-f29c-4a59-a9ca-3e5a4851d806 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"16.10 - Ensure p... | Long-term planning for present and future generations 21.Planning is central in Singapore, as evidenced by its long-term 50-year plans, followed up by master plans covering a 10- to 15-year period, regularly reviewed every 5 years. Current planning is defined in the Long-Term Plan Review 2021 and the Draft Master Plan ... | 21. Planning is central in Singapore, as evidenced by its long-term 50-year plans, followed up by master plans covering a 10- to 15-year period, regularly reviewed every 5 years. Current planning is defined in the Long-Term Plan Review 2021 and the Draft Master Plan 2025, both of which include references to restoring t... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 127366ce-f29c-4a59-a9ca-3e5a4851d806 |
7ec72943-8084-44ca-b6f7-44529326f2e5 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and en... | Environmental, social and human rights impact assessments 25.Singapore takes a systematic and science-based approach to assessing and mitigating the environmental impacts of development projects through its domestic Environmental Impact Assessment Framework, which is part of the planning and evaluation processes admini... | 25. Singapore takes a systematic and science-based approach to assessing and mitigating the environmental impacts of development projects through its domestic Environmental Impact Assessment Framework, which is part of the planning and evaluation processes administered through the Urban Redevelopment Authority. Technic... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 7ec72943-8084-44ca-b6f7-44529326f2e5 |
32148acf-07a6-41ee-a7e5-4863e0d3ea46 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Constit... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water",
"3.9 - Reduce illnesses and death from hazardous chemicals a... | Fulfilling the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment 29.Despite Singapore not expressly recognizing the right to a healthy environment in its national legislation, it has supported the United Nations and ASEAN texts recognizing this right. Hence, advancing the implementation of the right is fundamental.... | 29. Despite Singapore not expressly recognizing the right to a healthy environment in its national legislation, it has supported the United Nations and ASEAN texts recognizing this right. Hence, advancing the implementation of the right is fundamental. 30. Given that the International Court of Justice concluded that it... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 32148acf-07a6-41ee-a7e5-4863e0d3ea46 |
d830d6dc-3b28-4efe-b995-e052b097064b | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Public officials",
"People of African Descent",
"Older persons",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls",
"Minorities/ racial, ethn... | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Human rights & poverty",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection"... | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"7.1 - Universal access to modern energy",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"3.9 - Redu... | Clean air 33.Breathing clean air is indispensable for everyone. In Singapore, air pollution sources are identified in the regulations and a network of 23 air quality monitoring stations continuously monitors six key criteria air pollutants (particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide, oz... | 33. Breathing clean air is indispensable for everyone. In Singapore, air pollution sources are identified in the regulations and a network of 23 air quality monitoring stations continuously monitors six key criteria air pollutants (particulate matter (PM10), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), sulphur dioxide, ozone, carb... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: d830d6dc-3b28-4efe-b995-e052b097064b |
6cabc1e6-bcc1-457e-b076-079c9e91a226 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Older persons",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Human rights & poverty",
"Right to life",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Economic & political crisis, natural disasters or other emergencies",
"Right to food",
"H... | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"2.1 - Universal... | Safe climate 40.The climate crisis threatens the well-being of humans and the planet, demonstrating the importance of guaranteeing a safe climate. Singapore is acutely vulnerable to climate change, which also has an impact on human rights, including to the rights to life, health, food, water, housing, an adequate stand... | 40. The climate crisis threatens the well-being of humans and the planet, demonstrating the importance of guaranteeing a safe climate. Singapore is acutely vulnerable to climate change, which also has an impact on human rights, including to the rights to life, health, food, water, housing, an adequate standard of livin... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 6cabc1e6-bcc1-457e-b076-079c9e91a226 |
f8aeae5e-003e-4df6-8e9d-c8b59adb6976 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Cooperation with international organizations",
... | [
"13 - CLIMATE ACTION",
"7.2 - Increase global percentage of renewable energy",
"13.2 - Integrate climate change measures",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to j... | Mitigation efforts 42.Singapore contributes 0.1 per cent of global carbon emissions. Based on 2022 emissions, the country ranked 134th globally in terms of carbon intensity and 21st for carbon emissions per capita. Therefore, Singapore has a leading role and an opportunity to both increase its ambition in carbon-mitiga... | 42. Singapore contributes 0.1 per cent of global carbon emissions. Based on 2022 emissions, the country ranked 134th globally in terms of carbon intensity and 21st for carbon emissions per capita. Therefore, Singapore has a leading role and an opportunity to both increase its ambition in carbon-mitigation efforts and l... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: f8aeae5e-003e-4df6-8e9d-c8b59adb6976 |
a6748657-3c95-4d62-96bf-0c7512d5357a | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Right to food",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes... | Adaptation 48.The adaptation plan of Singapore covers resilience in the areas of food, water, public health and biodiversity. Priority adaptation measures include enhancing knowledge and expertise, coastal protection, water resource management and drainage. Dedicated finance for these measures includes the Coastal and ... | 48. The adaptation plan of Singapore covers resilience in the areas of food, water, public health and biodiversity. Priority adaptation measures include enhancing knowledge and expertise, coastal protection, water resource management and drainage. Dedicated finance for these measures includes the Coastal and Flood Prot... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: a6748657-3c95-4d62-96bf-0c7512d5357a |
50ae99ac-2a2a-4c07-89a4-7ba329397655 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Rights related to marriage & family",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Reservations",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Cooperation with interna... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"2.1 - Universal access to sa... | Healthy ecosystems and biodiversity 50.Healthy ecosystems and biodiversity are vital for all beings and essential to human food, medicine, cultural practices and shelter, among others. Therefore, efforts to protect ecosystems and biodiversity, prevent further destruction and advance restoration, including in land and m... | 50. Healthy ecosystems and biodiversity are vital for all beings and essential to human food, medicine, cultural practices and shelter, among others. Therefore, efforts to protect ecosystems and biodiversity, prevent further destruction and advance restoration, including in land and marine environments, are highly impo... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 50ae99ac-2a2a-4c07-89a4-7ba329397655 |
f402e941-262d-49e0-a177-98fe75ada39f | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Land & property rights",
"Cooperat... | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"5.3 - Eliminate forced marriages and genital mutilation",
"6.3 - Improve water quali... | Healthy and sustainably produced food 61.Healthy and sustainably produced food, as part of the human right to a healthy environment, implies that food production does not cause environmental or human health harms and guarantees the protection of food systems. 62.Considering its constraints in terms of land, Singapore r... | 61. Healthy and sustainably produced food, as part of the human right to a healthy environment, implies that food production does not cause environmental or human health harms and guarantees the protection of food systems. 62. Considering its constraints in terms of land, Singapore relies heavily on importing food: mor... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: f402e941-262d-49e0-a177-98fe75ada39f |
05455690-42bf-4828-a10f-6e666fe496d6 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Data collection & research",
"Land & property rights",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardou... | [
"7.1 - Universal access to modern energy",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious... | Non-toxic environments where people can live, work, learn and play 66.A healthy environment includes the right for everyone to enjoy non-toxic environments and is directly related to waste production and its management, among other aspects. 67.The National Environment Agency plans, develops and administers the solid an... | Non-toxic environments where people can live, work, learn and play 66. A healthy environment includes the right for everyone to enjoy non-toxic environments and is directly related to waste production and its management, among other aspects. 67. The National Environment Agency plans, develops and administers the solid ... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 05455690-42bf-4828-a10f-6e666fe496d6 |
23be13ea-21c6-4b74-b323-686aadaa07c6 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Data collection & research",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Land & property rights",
"Coope... | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"6 - CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
... | Safe and sufficient water 71.Access to safe and sufficient water is vital for the right to a healthy environment. Singapore has achieved an impressive 100 per cent coverage of the population of drinking water and sanitation. Water sources include 250 million gallons per day of water imported from Malaysia under the 196... | 71. Access to safe and sufficient water is vital for the right to a healthy environment. Singapore has achieved an impressive 100 per cent coverage of the population of drinking water and sanitation. Water sources include 250 million gallons per day of water imported from Malaysia under the 1962 Water Agreement, which ... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 23be13ea-21c6-4b74-b323-686aadaa07c6 |
078f3a97-2785-4afb-be2b-69cf350fe058 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Media"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Good governance & corruption",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Mechanisms for Implementation, Reporting and Follow-up (NMIRF)",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specifi... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with ... | Procedural elements of the right to a healthy environment 75.Access to information, public participation and access to justice are recognized human rights and essential elements of the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. Information is also fundamental to understanding how environmental harms have di... | 75. Access to information, public participation and access to justice are recognized human rights and essential elements of the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment. Information is also fundamental to understanding how environmental harms have differentiated impacts on individuals and groups of people,... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 078f3a97-2785-4afb-be2b-69cf350fe058 |
533c04b7-162c-45cb-9b49-fb5c1f808336 | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardous wastes"
] | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Obligation to effectively monitor businesses and for businesses to respect human rights, including the environment 80.States have an obligation to regulate and effectively monitor business activities operating under their jurisdiction, including those domiciled within their territory but conducting operations abroad. T... | Obligation to effectively monitor businesses and for businesses to respect human rights, including the environment 80. States have an obligation to regulate and effectively monitor business activities operating under their jurisdiction, including those domiciled within their territory but conducting operations abroad. ... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 533c04b7-162c-45cb-9b49-fb5c1f808336 |
36f8d78f-070d-458a-9e65-77c8fa4c612d | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Migrants",
"Older persons",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardous wastes"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"3.9 - Reduce illnesses and death from hazardous chemicals and pollution"
] | People living in vulnerable situations 82.Environmental and climate impacts affect everyone, although they have a disproportionately greater impact on those in situations of vulnerability. Many current government policies and programmes include people in vulnerable situations, such as older persons, in particular those... | 82. Environmental and climate impacts affect everyone, although they have a disproportionately greater impact on those in situations of vulnerability. Many current government policies and programmes include people in vulnerable situations, such as older persons, in particular those with dementia, children, in particula... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 36f8d78f-070d-458a-9e65-77c8fa4c612d |
0c1f48e9-42b6-4b6f-b0f3-cc3c122daa0b | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Older persons",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardous wastes"
] | [
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"13 - CLIMATE ACTION",
"3.9 - Reduce illnesses and death from hazardous chemicals and pollution",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Older Persons 83.Singapore faces one of the lowest fertility rates globally (1.15 children per woman), alongside rising life expectancy, leading to a rapidly ageing population and a shrinking youth demographic. By 2030, about 1 in 4 Singaporeans will be aged 65 or above, up from 1 in 10 in 2010. To prepare for this maj... | 83. Singapore faces one of the lowest fertility rates globally (1.15 children per woman), alongside rising life expectancy, leading to a rapidly ageing population and a shrinking youth demographic. By 2030, about 1 in 4 Singaporeans will be aged 65 or above, up from 1 in 10 in 2010. To prepare for this major demographi... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: 0c1f48e9-42b6-4b6f-b0f3-cc3c122daa0b |
eb1d110f-a595-4a19-aafc-fcefae8da98a | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | SR Environment | 2026-01-12 | 2,026 | 3ae2eea6-6c4d-4b81-974f-48ec985bc330 | [
"SG"
] | [
"Asia-Pacific"
] | [
"Migrants"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"11.b - Implement policies for inclusion, resource efficiency and disaster risk reduction",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure... | Migrant workers 84.As of June 2025, the number of foreigners with work permits for the construction and marine shipyard and process sectors in Singapore was 460,300. These sectors are especially reliant on low-skilled foreign labour, as domestic uptake for jobs in this sector tends to be low. As Singapore prepares for ... | 84. As of June 2025, the number of foreigners with work permits for the construction and marine shipyard and process sectors in Singapore was 460,300. These sectors are especially reliant on low-skilled foreign labour, as domestic uptake for jobs in this sector tends to be low. As Singapore prepares for more frequent a... | Special Rapporteur on the issue of human rights obligations relating to the enjoyment of a safe, clean, healthy and sustainable environment | SG | A/HRC/61/47/ADD.1 | 2026 | AnnotationId: eb1d110f-a595-4a19-aafc-fcefae8da98a |
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