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41c3ad79-3d5e-4665-877e-961f64d1ef14 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Children",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Roma, Gypsies, Sinti & Travellers",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Right to education"
] | [
"4.5 - No discrimination in education"
] | Right to education 62.While noting the information provided by the State Party, the Committee is concerned about reports that school access, attendance, retention and completion rates at all levels, including at the secondary general and secondary vocational levels, are significantly lower for Roma children, children f... | 62. While noting the information provided by the State Party, the Committee is concerned about reports that school access, attendance, retention and completion rates at all levels, including at the secondary general and secondary vocational levels, are significantly lower for Roma children, children from other minoriti... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 41c3ad79-3d5e-4665-877e-961f64d1ef14 |
785b582e-c1da-4b10-a398-f1ec1a81ed39 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Children",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Roma, Gypsies, Sinti & Travellers",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Right to education"
] | [
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Right to education 63. Recalling its general comment No. 13 (1999) on the right to education, the Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts to reduce the school dropout rate and increase school access, paying particular attention to ensuring that Roma children, children of minorities and children... | 63. Recalling its general comment No. 13 (1999) on the right to education, the Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts to reduce the school dropout rate and increase school access, paying particular attention to ensuring that Roma children, children of minorities and children of Indigenous peop... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 785b582e-c1da-4b10-a398-f1ec1a81ed39 |
33ef8ff0-8df1-4c5b-b582-a5b9173f9601 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Educational staff & students",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cultural rights",
"Right to life"
] | [
"11 - SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES",
"11.4 - Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage"
] | Cultural rights 64.While noting the information provided by the State Party, the Committee is concerned about reports that people in areas under the effective control of the State Party continue to face severe restrictions in the realization of their right to take part in cultural life, including the right to use and t... | 64. While noting the information provided by the State Party, the Committee is concerned about reports that people in areas under the effective control of the State Party continue to face severe restrictions in the realization of their right to take part in cultural life, including the right to use and teach minority l... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 33ef8ff0-8df1-4c5b-b582-a5b9173f9601 |
935accbd-6bf0-4a7b-9fc6-8a65c07227ac | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cultural rights",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"11 - SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES",
"11.4 - Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage",
"4.a - Build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools"
] | Cultural rights 65. Recalling its g eneral c omment No. 21 (2009) on the right of everyone to take part in cultural life, the Committee recommends that the State Party take the following measures in areas under its effective control: (a) Avoid involuntary cultural assimilation, ensure access by people to education in t... | 65. Recalling its general comment No. 21 (2009) on the right of everyone to take part in cultural life, the Committee recommends that the State Party take the following measures in areas under its effective control: (a) Avoid involuntary cultural assimilation, ensure access by people to education in their native langua... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 935accbd-6bf0-4a7b-9fc6-8a65c07227ac |
36e78236-b779-43dd-abf8-1156b6de2948 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Indigenous peoples"
] | [
"Cultural rights"
] | [
"11.4 - Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | Cultural rights 66.The Committee remains concerned about the risk of extinction of many Indigenous languages. It also remains concerned about reports of arbitrary restrictions imposed on Indigenous Peoples’ traditional and culturally rooted subsistence activities, such as hunting and fishing (arts. 1, 2(1) and (2) and ... | 66. The Committee remains concerned about the risk of extinction of many Indigenous languages. It also remains concerned about reports of arbitrary restrictions imposed on Indigenous Peoples’ traditional and culturally rooted subsistence activities, such as hunting and fishing (arts. 1, 2(1) and (2) and 15). | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 36e78236-b779-43dd-abf8-1156b6de2948 |
521c66c7-b864-4eb8-969f-ae8a5018f056 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Indigenous peoples"
] | [
"Cultural rights",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"11.4 - Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage"
] | Cultural rights 67. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation that the State Party step up its efforts to promote and preserve Indigenous languages and that it repeal or amend any restrictions that could result in hampering Indigenous Peoples from sustaining their traditional and culturally rooted subsistenc... | 67. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation that the State Party step up its efforts to promote and preserve Indigenous languages and that it repeal or amend any restrictions that could result in hampering Indigenous Peoples from sustaining their traditional and culturally rooted subsistence activities, in... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 521c66c7-b864-4eb8-969f-ae8a5018f056 |
719b6d57-4737-469e-b2f9-a75b7015a8f2 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Public officials"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption",
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"9.c - Universal access to information and communications technology"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 68.While noting the information provided during the dialogue with the State Party, the Committee is concerned about widespread censorship, including blocks on global search engines, which severely limit the content available when accessing the Internet, and about the ... | 68. While noting the information provided during the dialogue with the State Party, the Committee is concerned about widespread censorship, including blocks on global search engines, which severely limit the content available when accessing the Internet, and about the imposition of fines for searching for prohibited ma... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 719b6d57-4737-469e-b2f9-a75b7015a8f2 |
b36ce30a-f0e7-4b40-93d8-a32701754f6b | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [] | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Cultural rights 69. Emphasizing that the freedom indispensable for scientific research and creative activity, protected under article 15 (3) of the Covenant, includes unhindered access to information, online knowledge repositories and scientific communication tools, the Committee recommends that the State Party review ... | 69. Emphasizing that the freedom indispensable for scientific research and creative activity, protected under article 15 (3) of the Covenant, includes unhindered access to information, online knowledge repositories and scientific communication tools, the Committee recommends that the State Party review its practices co... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: b36ce30a-f0e7-4b40-93d8-a32701754f6b |
e45e942b-ac7f-4f81-bbf3-9d5cc0af6833 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | D. Other recommendations 70. The Committee encourages the State Party to ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. | 70. The Committee encourages the State Party to ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: e45e942b-ac7f-4f81-bbf3-9d5cc0af6833 |
255bd037-7197-4f4c-9cc3-71ee4aa6a72e | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Migrants"
] | [
"Enforced disappearances",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Prohibition of torture & ill-treatment (including cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | D. Other recommendations 71. The Committee recommends that the State Party consider ratifying the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a Party, namely the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights ... | 71. The Committee recommends that the State Party consider ratifying the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a Party, namely the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers an... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 255bd037-7197-4f4c-9cc3-71ee4aa6a72e |
07a23d4f-7df9-4f70-a7f9-a4a97e377e6e | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | D. Other recommendations 72. The Committee also recommends that the State Party take fully into account its obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined therein in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the national level. Achievement of the Sustaina... | 72. The Committee also recommends that the State Party take fully into account its obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined therein in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the national level. Achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals wou... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 07a23d4f-7df9-4f70-a7f9-a4a97e377e6e |
c58a0757-7f80-4e5d-ab90-89500bdcb679 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | D. Other recommendations 73. The Committee further recommends that the State Party take steps to progressively develop and apply appropriate indicators on the implementation of economic, social and cultural rights in order to facilitate the assessment of progress achieved by the State Party in complying with its obliga... | 73. The Committee further recommends that the State Party take steps to progressively develop and apply appropriate indicators on the implementation of economic, social and cultural rights in order to facilitate the assessment of progress achieved by the State Party in complying with its obligations under the Covenant ... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: c58a0757-7f80-4e5d-ab90-89500bdcb679 |
55ea1bcb-1bae-46b4-bada-93228874dffd | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 74. The Committee requests that the State Party disseminate the present concluding observations widely at all levels of society, including at the federal district and federal subject levels, in particular among parliamentarians, public officials and judicial authoriti... | 74. The Committee requests that the State Party disseminate the present concluding observations widely at all levels of society, including at the federal district and federal subject levels, in particular among parliamentarians, public officials and judicial authorities, and that it inform the Committee in its next per... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 55ea1bcb-1bae-46b4-bada-93228874dffd |
e6444ba2-8a7d-4981-960d-14eaa9c09dff | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies"
] | [] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 75. In accordance with the procedure on follow-up to concluding observations adopted by the Committee, the State Party is requested to provide, within 24 months of the adoption of the present concluding observations ( 30 September 202 7), information on the implementa... | 75. In accordance with the procedure on follow-up to concluding observations adopted by the Committee, the State Party is requested to provide, within 24 months of the adoption of the present concluding observations ( 30 September 202 7), information on the implementation of the recommendations contained in paragraphs ... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: e6444ba2-8a7d-4981-960d-14eaa9c09dff |
4908e3c7-23ac-453f-8fb5-29a001795c98 | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Russian Federation"
] | [
"Eastern Europe"
] | [] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies"
] | [] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 76. The Committee requests the State Party to submit its eighth periodic report in accordance with article 16 of the Covenant by 30 September 2030, unless otherwise notified as a result of a change in the review cycle. In accordance with General Assembly resolution 68... | 76. The Committee requests the State Party to submit its eighth periodic report in accordance with article 16 of the Covenant by 30 September 2030, unless otherwise notified as a result of a change in the review cycle. In accordance with General Assembly resolution 68/268, the word limit for the report is 21,200 words.... | CESCR | Russian Federation | E/C.12/RUS/CO/7 | 2025 | DocumentId: af9ca280-0781-490a-bd67-72232cc6a29b | AnnotationId: 4908e3c7-23ac-453f-8fb5-29a001795c98 |
f25331b3-9e55-4212-bba4-d45c071be2e9 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Domestic application of the Covenant 4.The Committee notes that the status of the Covenant in the domestic legal order changed following the 2015 amendments to the State Party’s Constitution, which established the supremacy of the Constitution and organic laws over international treaty law. While acknowledging the Stat... | 4. The Committee notes that the status of the Covenant in the domestic legal order changed following the 2015 amendments to the State Party’s Constitution, which established the supremacy of the Constitution and organic laws over international treaty law. While acknowledging the State Party’s efforts to align its const... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: f25331b3-9e55-4212-bba4-d45c071be2e9 |
2f52dad3-8dc5-4a73-a8ec-6b89abecf4dd | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | Domestic application of the Covenant 5. The Committee recalls the State Party ’ s obligation to ensure that its domestic law, in particular its organic laws, is consistent with the provisions of the Covenant. The Committee recommends that the State Party continue to take the legislative measures necessary to fully inco... | 5. The Committee recalls the State Party ’ s obligation to ensure that its domestic law, in particular its organic laws, is consistent with the provisions of the Covenant. The Committee recommends that the State Party continue to take the legislative measures necessary to fully incorporate the Covenant into domestic la... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 2f52dad3-8dc5-4a73-a8ec-6b89abecf4dd |
ef971fb9-7ce1-4cbd-bdf8-c0071cbf1234 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | National human rights institution 6.While noting the replies provided by the State Party delegation, the Committee nevertheless expresses concern in relation to the challenges to the independence of the National Commission for Human Rights, including the selection of its members through a committee appointed by the Pre... | 6. While noting the replies provided by the State Party delegation, the Committee nevertheless expresses concern in relation to the challenges to the independence of the National Commission for Human Rights, including the selection of its members through a committee appointed by the President and the requirement for it... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: ef971fb9-7ce1-4cbd-bdf8-c0071cbf1234 |
fa10a2f2-1f63-448f-9587-c1abe7544266 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS"
] | National human rights institution 7. The Committee recommends that the State Party continue to take appropriate measures to bring the National Commission for Human Rights into full compliance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris ... | 7. The Committee recommends that the State Party continue to take appropriate measures to bring the National Commission for Human Rights into full compliance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the Paris Principles). In particular, the Co... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: fa10a2f2-1f63-448f-9587-c1abe7544266 |
5c97722f-51fc-4c79-8a3e-ede6ceafa6b7 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Civil society",
"Persons deprived of their liberty & detainees"
] | [
"Arbitrary arrest & detention",
"Freedom of association",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Human rights defenders 8.While noting the information provided by the State Party with regard to the enactment of Law No. 058/2024 of 20 June 2024 governing non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the Committee expresses concern about the insufficient protection of human rights defenders, including those working to defe... | 8. While noting the information provided by the State Party with regard to the enactment of Law No. 058/2024 of 20 June 2024 governing non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the Committee expresses concern about the insufficient protection of human rights defenders, including those working to defend economic, social an... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 5c97722f-51fc-4c79-8a3e-ede6ceafa6b7 |
f74d7db4-2627-49f7-b137-0d685dbe4b9f | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Freedom of association",
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Human rights defenders 9. The Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary to ensure an enabling environment for human rights defenders working on economic, social and cultural rights, so that they can freely carry out their activities without undue control, interference or restrictions. In par... | 9. The Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary to ensure an enabling environment for human rights defenders working on economic, social and cultural rights, so that they can freely carry out their activities without undue control, interference or restrictions. In particular, the Committee ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: f74d7db4-2627-49f7-b137-0d685dbe4b9f |
c5260d0a-7b83-4497-9fd4-d8f80bb85f46 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"12 - RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies"
] | Business and economic, social and cultural rights 10.While acknowledging the efforts to incorporate legislative provisions to protect economic, social and cultural rights in the context of business operations, such as Law No. 45/2018 on the environment, Law No. 58/2018 on mining and quarry operations and Law No. 27/202... | 10. While acknowledging the efforts to incorporate legislative provisions to protect economic, social and cultural rights in the context of business operations, such as Law No. 45/2018 on the environment, Law No. 58/2018 on mining and quarry operations and Law No. 27/2021 on governing land, the Committee remains concer... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: c5260d0a-7b83-4497-9fd4-d8f80bb85f46 |
db9fe36e-3b08-487a-9948-7857dbf221a0 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Civil society"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans"
] | [
"12 - RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies"
] | Business and economic, social and cultural rights 11. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Enact a comprehensive national legal framework that requires business entities to conduct human rights due diligence throughout their operations and supply chain; (b) Establish a clear regulatory framework for busin... | 11. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Enact a comprehensive national legal framework that requires business entities to conduct human rights due diligence throughout their operations and supply chain; (b) Establish a clear regulatory framework for businesses enterprises operating within its jurisdictio... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: db9fe36e-3b08-487a-9948-7857dbf221a0 |
51f6e416-5c80-4003-afb3-000771414bd7 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies"
] | Illicit exploitation of and trade in minerals 12. The Committee acknowledges the efforts to combat illegal mining practices in the State Party. It expresses concern, however, about the reports of the illicit trade in minerals, including the smuggling of gold, tin, tantalum, tungsten and coltan into the State Party , wh... | 12. The Committee acknowledges the efforts to combat illegal mining practices in the State Party. It expresses concern, however, about the reports of the illicit trade in minerals, including the smuggling of gold, tin, tantalum, tungsten and coltan into the State Party, which then enter global supply chains through exp... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 51f6e416-5c80-4003-afb3-000771414bd7 |
424e1ea6-e4b9-4d66-94e9-9a6fe781baea | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies"
] | Illicit exploitation of and trade in minerals 13. Recalling the State Party ’ s extraterritorial obligations under the Covenant, including those explained in paragraphs 32 and 33 of the Committee ’ s general comment No. 24 (2017), the Committee urges the State Party to adopt all measures necessary: (a) To strengthen th... | 13. Recalling the State Party ’ s extraterritorial obligations under the Covenant, including those explained in paragraphs 32 and 33 of the Committee ’ s general comment No. 24 (2017), the Committee urges the State Party to adopt all measures necessary: (a) To strengthen the enforcement of its laws against the illicit ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 424e1ea6-e4b9-4d66-94e9-9a6fe781baea |
d769a3ac-1cdb-4cdd-81e5-a7a029947e42 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons affected by armed conflict",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"International criminal & humanitarian law (including crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.1 - Reduce violence everywhere"
] | Extraterritorial obligations in the context of armed conflict 14.The Committee expresses concern about the State Party’s role in violations of economic, social and cultural rights in the context of the armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including, as documented by the United Nations, through its mi... | 14. The Committee expresses concern about the State Party’s role in violations of economic, social and cultural rights in the context of the armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, including, as documented by the United Nations, through its military operations and its support to non-State armed groups (... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: d769a3ac-1cdb-4cdd-81e5-a7a029947e42 |
bbd9ee1d-be0d-46a0-bf87-51e918959f5b | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors",
"Persons affected by armed conflict",
"Military personnel"
] | [
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Children: juvenile justice",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Support to victims & witnesses",
"Children: protection against exploitation",
"Human t... | [
"16.4 - Combat organized crime and illicit financial and arms flows",
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour",
"4.a - Build and upgrade inclusive and safe schools",
"16.3 - ... | Extraterritorial obligations in the context of armed conflict 15. Recalling the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice of 9 July 2004, in which the Court stated that “the protection offered by human rights conventions does not cease in case of armed conflict”, and noting the State Party ’ s extraterrito... | 15. Recalling the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice of 9 July 2004, in which the Court stated that “the protection offered by human rights conventions does not cease in case of armed conflict”, and noting the State Party ’ s extraterritorial obligations under the Covenant, including in situations o... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: bbd9ee1d-be0d-46a0-bf87-51e918959f5b |
5fa13f2d-4968-41a3-bd36-37f899eae898 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Economic policy and foreign debt",
"Right to health",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality",
"10 - REDUCED INEQUALITIES"
] | Maximum available resources 16.The Committee notes the State Party’s efforts to allocate resources to meet its Covenant obligations, despite the challenging economic conditions that it has faced in the aftermath of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Nevertheless, it remains concerned about the high income and... | 16. The Committee notes the State Party’s efforts to allocate resources to meet its Covenant obligations, despite the challenging economic conditions that it has faced in the aftermath of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Nevertheless, it remains concerned about the high income and wealth inequalities in the... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 5fa13f2d-4968-41a3-bd36-37f899eae898 |
5388975d-46e0-45b7-aab5-bfa80368ec2c | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Economic policy and foreign debt",
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Right to social security",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Maximum available resources 17. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures to further increase budgetary allocations for social spending on social security, employment and food programmes, agriculture, water and sanitation, healthcare, education and climate change adaptation and mitiga... | 17. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures to further increase budgetary allocations for social spending on social security, employment and food programmes, agriculture, water and sanitation, healthcare, education and climate change adaptation and mitigation; (b) Revise its taxatio... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 5388975d-46e0-45b7-aab5-bfa80368ec2c |
77cfed76-db3f-4f77-bcd2-626aa0204022 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Public officials"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption"
] | [
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery"
] | Corruption 18.While acknowledging the progress made by the State Party in combating corruption, the Committee is concerned about the reports of bribery and other incidents of corruption, including cases involving public officials and enterprises (art. 2 (1)). | 18. While acknowledging the progress made by the State Party in combating corruption, the Committee is concerned about the reports of bribery and other incidents of corruption, including cases involving public officials and enterprises (art. 2 (1)). | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 77cfed76-db3f-4f77-bcd2-626aa0204022 |
06fd76be-199e-437e-85db-9433803c2b3b | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Public officials",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption",
"Administration of justice & fair trial",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Corruption 19. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures to raise awareness among the general public and State officials on the need to combat corruption, including bribery; (b) Promptly, independently and impartially investigate and prosecute all cases of corruption, and, if a person... | 19. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures to raise awareness among the general public and State officials on the need to combat corruption, including bribery; (b) Promptly, independently and impartially investigate and prosecute all cases of corruption, and, if a person is convict... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 06fd76be-199e-437e-85db-9433803c2b3b |
b513bfe9-4933-40af-8309-fc5b13b145fd | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Discrimination against women"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Non-discrimination 20.The Committee welcomes the information provided by the State Party in relation to the legislative and policy measures that it has taken to combat discrimination. The Committee remains concerned, however, that, despite the State Party’s efforts, structural inequalities and discrimination continue t... | 20. The Committee welcomes the information provided by the State Party in relation to the legislative and policy measures that it has taken to combat discrimination. The Committee remains concerned, however, that, despite the State Party’s efforts, structural inequalities and discrimination continue to hinder the equal... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: b513bfe9-4933-40af-8309-fc5b13b145fd |
0563c0d7-cf6c-4c88-8f86-de09f0827c3f | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Right to social security",
"Land & property rights",
"Right to education",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers"
] | Non-discrimination 21. The Committee recommends that the State Party take the measures necessary to address structural inequalities, including by allocating adequate financial, human and technical resources for the implementation of laws, policies, strategies, plans and programmes, and establish full and effective prot... | 21. The Committee recommends that the State Party take the measures necessary to address structural inequalities, including by allocating adequate financial, human and technical resources for the implementation of laws, policies, strategies, plans and programmes, and establish full and effective protection against dire... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 0563c0d7-cf6c-4c88-8f86-de09f0827c3f |
9553ce65-f262-4bb6-9da5-6adad300ed86 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Internally displaced persons"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Human rights & poverty",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Right to life",
"Right to health",
"Right to food",
"Land & property rights",
"Right to education"
] | [
"3.2 - End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age",
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
... | Batwa 22.The Committee acknowledges the information provided regarding the measures taken to improve access to economic, social and cultural rights for the Batwa, who are referred to as a “historically marginalized group” under the State Party’s policies. The Committee remains concerned, however, that: (a)According to ... | 22. The Committee acknowledges the information provided regarding the measures taken to improve access to economic, social and cultural rights for the Batwa, who are referred to as a “historically marginalized group” under the State Party’s policies. The Committee remains concerned, however, that: (a) According to the ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 9553ce65-f262-4bb6-9da5-6adad300ed86 |
8911b6ff-133a-4960-b81b-3690e4312bc0 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Internally displaced persons"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Right to food",
"Right to social security",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Land & property rights",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to adequat... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and so... | Batwa 23. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take effective measures to address the disparities affecting the Batwa in the enjoyment of their economic, social and cultural rights, including by implementing targeted interventions to tackle the administrative, financial, material and other barriers that t... | 23. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take effective measures to address the disparities affecting the Batwa in the enjoyment of their economic, social and cultural rights, including by implementing targeted interventions to tackle the administrative, financial, material and other barriers that they fa... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 8911b6ff-133a-4960-b81b-3690e4312bc0 |
93a4f7d5-dc57-45dc-a068-f85309f09e10 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Participation of women in political & public life",
"Discrimination against women",
"Land & property rights",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"5 - GENDER EQUALITY",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"5.5 - Equal opportunities and part... | Equal rights of men and women 24.The Committee commends the efforts that the State Party has made towards achieving gender parity in political representation through the implementation of temporary special measures, as well as its gender-responsive budgeting programme. It remains, nevertheless, concerned that women’s o... | 24. The Committee commends the efforts that the State Party has made towards achieving gender parity in political representation through the implementation of temporary special measures, as well as its gender-responsive budgeting programme. It remains, nevertheless, concerned that women’s overall representation in seni... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 93a4f7d5-dc57-45dc-a068-f85309f09e10 |
cb85c45e-a2a0-4c9f-ad51-6cb62a930915 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Advancement of women",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Discrimination against women",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"5.... | Equal rights of men and women 25. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to promote the increased representation of women at all levels of public administration, including local public administration, and their appointment to management roles in the private sector, including through the development... | 25. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to promote the increased representation of women at all levels of public administration, including local public administration, and their appointment to management roles in the private sector, including through the development of incentives for private com... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: cb85c45e-a2a0-4c9f-ad51-6cb62a930915 |
6b90e756-b1d4-49bd-8f3f-adf0a232c5ec | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Youth & juveniles",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Discrimination against women"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination"
] | Right to work 26.While noting the measures taken under the State Party’s national employment policy, the Committee remains concerned about the very high unemployment and underemployment rates, especially among women, young people and persons with disabilities. The Committee also notes with concern the challenges faced ... | 26. While noting the measures taken under the State Party’s national employment policy, the Committee remains concerned about the very high unemployment and underemployment rates, especially among women, young people and persons with disabilities. The Committee also notes with concern the challenges faced by lesbian, g... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 6b90e756-b1d4-49bd-8f3f-adf0a232c5ec |
9e2f3c1f-b2b2-48c6-8876-19ebcafcc4f9 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Youth & juveniles",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Economic policy and foreign debt",
"Data collection & research",
"Discrimination against women",
"Right to education"
] | [
"5.1 - End discrimination against women and girls",
"8.6 - Promote youth employment, education and training",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data",
"5.5 - Equal opportunities and participation in lea... | Right to work 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify its efforts to support women, young people and persons with disabilities to have access to decent employment, including by regularly collecting disaggregated data on their situation and taking targeted affirmative action measures, such as qu... | 27. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify its efforts to support women, young people and persons with disabilities to have access to decent employment, including by regularly collecting disaggregated data on their situation and taking targeted affirmative action measures, such as quotas or tax re... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 9e2f3c1f-b2b2-48c6-8876-19ebcafcc4f9 |
6d8cea2f-6c7a-4168-a8d4-d5908ee1ca86 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to social security",
"Trade union rights"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Informal economy 28.The Committee notes with concern the very large proportion of the population working in the informal sector of the economy, without formal work contracts, and who therefore do not enjoy, in practice, labour rights protections, trade union rights or access to social security (arts. 7, 8 and 9). | 28. The Committee notes with concern the very large proportion of the population working in the informal sector of the economy, without formal work contracts, and who therefore do not enjoy, in practice, labour rights protections, trade union rights or access to social security (arts. 7, 8 and 9). | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 6d8cea2f-6c7a-4168-a8d4-d5908ee1ca86 |
f562078a-4f66-4f14-a5f7-11da94772032 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Right to social security",
"Trade union rights"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Informal economy 29. The Committee recommends that the State Party progressively strengthen the enforcement of labour legislation to ensure that workers in the informal economy are covered by legal protections and can exercise their labour rights and trade union rights and have access to social security. It also recomm... | 29. The Committee recommends that the State Party progressively strengthen the enforcement of labour legislation to ensure that workers in the informal economy are covered by legal protections and can exercise their labour rights and trade union rights and have access to social security. It also recommends that the Sta... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: f562078a-4f66-4f14-a5f7-11da94772032 |
6794ee0a-85b8-4c32-abd3-857ece5b0ab6 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay"
] | Minimum wage 30.The Committee notes that Law No. 66/2018 regulating labour provides for the establishment of a minimum wage. It expresses concern, however, that the State Party has not yet implemented that provision by setting a minimum wage (art. 7). | 30. The Committee notes that Law No. 66/2018 regulating labour provides for the establishment of a minimum wage. It expresses concern, however, that the State Party has not yet implemented that provision by setting a minimum wage (art. 7). | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 6794ee0a-85b8-4c32-abd3-857ece5b0ab6 |
7770744c-173a-4971-aa89-2baa28967547 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"8 - DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay"
] | Minimum wage 31. Recalling its previous recommendation, the Committee recommends that the State Party, in collaboration with social partners, accelerate its efforts to establish a minimum wage that applies to all workers in all sectors and to ensure that it is periodically reviewed and indexed to the cost of living in ... | 31. Recalling its previous recommendation, the Committee recommends that the State Party, in collaboration with social partners, accelerate its efforts to establish a minimum wage that applies to all workers in all sectors and to ensure that it is periodically reviewed and indexed to the cost of living in order to prov... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 7770744c-173a-4971-aa89-2baa28967547 |
66a9572b-f6fe-4712-aa24-b58770335bda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardous wastes"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay"
] | Right to just and favourable conditions of work 32.While acknowledging the State Party’s legislative and policy efforts to improve working conditions and occupational health and safety in both the formal and informal sectors, the Committee is nevertheless concerned that many workers do not have access to legal protecti... | 32. While acknowledging the State Party’s legislative and policy efforts to improve working conditions and occupational health and safety in both the formal and informal sectors, the Committee is nevertheless concerned that many workers do not have access to legal protections under Law No. 66/2018 due to a lack of form... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 66a9572b-f6fe-4712-aa24-b58770335bda |
83e1acaa-4898-461d-8616-ae1d50352fc3 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Domestic workers"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments"
] | [
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments"
] | Right to just and favourable conditions of work 33. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take all measures necessary to ensure that labour legislation is effectively enforced in all sectors of the economy, including the informal sector; (b) Strengthen its efforts to reduce occupational diseases, injuries ... | 33. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take all measures necessary to ensure that labour legislation is effectively enforced in all sectors of the economy, including the informal sector; (b) Strengthen its efforts to reduce occupational diseases, injuries and fatalities, with a focus on sectors in which... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 83e1acaa-4898-461d-8616-ae1d50352fc3 |
ec2b6dfc-46be-4835-aed5-1892abd35b66 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Trade union rights"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Trade union rights 34.While recognizing the State Party’s efforts to bring its legislation on trade unions into line with international norms and standards, including the legal prohibition of anti-union discrimination, the Committee notes that: (a)The requirements to become a trade union representative under the State ... | 34. While recognizing the State Party’s efforts to bring its legislation on trade unions into line with international norms and standards, including the legal prohibition of anti-union discrimination, the Committee notes that: (a) The requirements to become a trade union representative under the State Party’s legislati... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: ec2b6dfc-46be-4835-aed5-1892abd35b66 |
c606fe9d-9f49-4980-a1a9-2d19afb5a17f | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists"
] | [
"Freedom of association",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Trade union rights"
] | [
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms"
] | Trade union rights 35. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures to ensure respect for the trade union rights of all workers, in conformity with article 8 of the Covenant and with the provisions of the Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No... | 35. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures to ensure respect for the trade union rights of all workers, in conformity with article 8 of the Covenant and with the provisions of the Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948 (No. 87), and the Righ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: c606fe9d-9f49-4980-a1a9-2d19afb5a17f |
95b63381-5efc-4c94-9345-88243c069616 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Right to social security",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Right to social security 36.The Committee acknowledges the progress made in expanding social security coverage under the Community-based Health Insurance(Mutuelle de Santé) and the Long‑term Saving Scheme (Ejoheza) but remains concerned that the State Party’s social security system covers only a limited range of social... | 36. The Committee acknowledges the progress made in expanding social security coverage under the Community-based Health Insurance(Mutuelle de Santé) and the Long‐term Saving Scheme (Ejoheza) but remains concerned that the State Party’s social security system covers only a limited range of social risks. The Committee is... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 95b63381-5efc-4c94-9345-88243c069616 |
94fa11eb-7f8e-4bcb-970a-158b6c0e9f8f | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Older persons",
"Vulnerable persons/groups",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Persons with disabilities: accessibility, mobility",
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Persons with disabilities: independence, inclusion",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments",
"Right to social security",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality",
"11.2 - Affordable and sustainable transport systems",
"1.3 - Implement social protect... | Right to social security 37. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen its efforts to develop both contributory and non-contributory social security schemes to ensure an adequate, inclusive and accessible social security system that provides universal coverage, sufficient benefits and comprehensive ... | 37. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen its efforts to develop both contributory and non-contributory social security schemes to ensure an adequate, inclusive and accessible social security system that provides universal coverage, sufficient benefits and comprehensive protection against social... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 94fa11eb-7f8e-4bcb-970a-158b6c0e9f8f |
7e433c23-c5cd-41c7-bcf2-fe25c8f8ecb5 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [] | Parental leave 38.While welcoming the information provided by the State Party on the extension of fully paid maternity leave to 14 weeks for working mothers in all sectors, the Committee is concerned by the challenges to the enforcement of the legislation, especially in the informal sector, which prevents many women fr... | 38. While welcoming the information provided by the State Party on the extension of fully paid maternity leave to 14 weeks for working mothers in all sectors, the Committee is concerned by the challenges to the enforcement of the legislation, especially in the informal sector, which prevents many women from using their... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 7e433c23-c5cd-41c7-bcf2-fe25c8f8ecb5 |
8b3ca76d-ac29-4645-a9d8-96527ccf736e | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [] | Parental leave 39. The Committee recommends that the State Party take measures to ensure statutory entitlement to all family care-related leave, including extended paternity leave. It further recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary to effectively enforce its legislation to ensure that working parent... | 39. The Committee recommends that the State Party take measures to ensure statutory entitlement to all family care-related leave, including extended paternity leave. It further recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary to effectively enforce its legislation to ensure that working parents can fully exe... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 8b3ca76d-ac29-4645-a9d8-96527ccf736e |
894dea0f-a800-47bc-a08f-896049c6132a | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Children: protection against exploitation"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Economic exploitation of children 40.While recognizing the State Party’s efforts to combat child labour and economic exploitation through measures taken under labour law, criminal law and ministerial instructions, the Committee remains concerned about the continued prevalence of the worst forms of child labour, includi... | 40. While recognizing the State Party’s efforts to combat child labour and economic exploitation through measures taken under labour law, criminal law and ministerial instructions, the Committee remains concerned about the continued prevalence of the worst forms of child labour, including the involvement of children in... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 894dea0f-a800-47bc-a08f-896049c6132a |
86cc3846-0f21-44c8-b7a2-ef738632b96e | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children"
] | [
"Children: protection against exploitation"
] | [
"16.2 - Protect children from abuse, exploitation, trafficking and violence",
"8.7 - End modern slavery, trafficking and child labour"
] | Economic exploitation of children 41. The Committee recommends that the State Party accelerate its efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labour, including the involvement of children in commercial sexual exploitation, mining, construction and agriculture. In particular, it recommends that the State Party contin... | 41. The Committee recommends that the State Party accelerate its efforts to eliminate the worst forms of child labour, including the involvement of children in commercial sexual exploitation, mining, construction and agriculture. In particular, it recommends that the State Party continue to take measures to ensure the ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 86cc3846-0f21-44c8-b7a2-ef738632b96e |
a3624a94-d27d-4518-9409-553bf8126afc | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"1.1 - Eradicate extreme poverty",
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"10.4 - Adopt fiscal and social policies that promote equality",
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%",
"8.1 - Sustainable economic growth",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Poverty 42.The Committee commends the State Party for the rapid economic growth achieved in recent years and its efforts to reduce poverty, including through the adoption of the National Social Protection Policy 2020 and the National Strategy for Sustainable Graduation 2022. The Committee is nevertheless concerned that... | 42. The Committee commends the State Party for the rapid economic growth achieved in recent years and its efforts to reduce poverty, including through the adoption of the National Social Protection Policy 2020 and the National Strategy for Sustainable Graduation 2022. The Committee is nevertheless concerned that nation... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: a3624a94-d27d-4518-9409-553bf8126afc |
20e0e73c-fd2c-473f-b0f4-84ea4e534ed9 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%"
] | Poverty 43. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts to combat poverty and ensure the allocation of sufficient resources for the monitoring and implementation of its anti-poverty measures across all regions, taking into account the additional effects of inter-annual inflation and the impact ... | 43. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts to combat poverty and ensure the allocation of sufficient resources for the monitoring and implementation of its anti-poverty measures across all regions, taking into account the additional effects of inter-annual inflation and the impact of the C... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 20e0e73c-fd2c-473f-b0f4-84ea4e534ed9 |
f0f67524-bc19-4732-926f-cf8554f0323b | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Right to food"
] | [
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"2.2 - End all forms of malnutrition"
] | Right to food 44.While noting the measures taken by the State Party to improve food security and increase agricultural productivity and resilience, the Committee is concerned that nearly one fifth of the population is reportedly affected by food insecurity, particularly in rural and remote areas. It is especially conce... | 44. While noting the measures taken by the State Party to improve food security and increase agricultural productivity and resilience, the Committee is concerned that nearly one fifth of the population is reportedly affected by food insecurity, particularly in rural and remote areas. It is especially concerned that, de... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: f0f67524-bc19-4732-926f-cf8554f0323b |
5b5c3e6f-ba66-46be-8d6f-d4ab6f52491d | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Right to food",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food",
"2.2 - End all forms of malnutrition"
] | Right to food 45. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt a comprehensive national strategy for the protection and promotion of the right to adequate food so as to effectively combat food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition in an effective and comprehensive manner, in consultation with the relevant sta... | 45. The Committee recommends that the State Party adopt a comprehensive national strategy for the protection and promotion of the right to adequate food so as to effectively combat food insecurity and all forms of malnutrition in an effective and comprehensive manner, in consultation with the relevant stakeholders, by ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 5b5c3e6f-ba66-46be-8d6f-d4ab6f52491d |
29b6d18d-5644-4277-972d-b793da95085a | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Land & property rights",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of smal... | Right to adequate housing 46.While noting the State Party’s affordable housing programme for low- and middle‑income communities, the Committee is nevertheless concerned about: (a)The insufficient access to adequate and affordable housing, which is exacerbated by the high cost of land and construction materials, and the... | 46. While noting the State Party’s affordable housing programme for low- and middle‐income communities, the Committee is nevertheless concerned about: (a) The insufficient access to adequate and affordable housing, which is exacerbated by the high cost of land and construction materials, and the limited subsidies and f... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 29b6d18d-5644-4277-972d-b793da95085a |
26bda71f-16a9-4587-b663-f2437316d399 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Land & property rights",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale fo... | Right to adequate housing 47. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen its efforts to provide adequate and affordable housing, including in deprived urban and rural areas, by accelerating its actions and allocating resources to develop social housing and providing subsidies to help disadvantaged an... | 47. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen its efforts to provide adequate and affordable housing, including in deprived urban and rural areas, by accelerating its actions and allocating resources to develop social housing and providing subsidies to help disadvantaged and marginalized individuals... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 26bda71f-16a9-4587-b663-f2437316d399 |
574eacba-ff14-4313-912e-5fc98b45a916 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation"
] | [
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water"
] | Rights to water and sanitation 48.The Committee notes with concern that, despite the State Party’s efforts, many rural communities still face difficulties in access to safe, affordable water for domestic use and rely on unprotected water sources, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases. It further notes with concern... | 48. The Committee notes with concern that, despite the State Party’s efforts, many rural communities still face difficulties in access to safe, affordable water for domestic use and rely on unprotected water sources, increasing the risk of waterborne diseases. It further notes with concern that many households, especia... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 574eacba-ff14-4313-912e-5fc98b45a916 |
da84d90a-e473-4b4b-840c-778384d35bbd | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water"
] | Rights to water and sanitation 49. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts to improve access to safe, affordable water for domestic use and to provide access to improved sanitation services for all, including in informal settlements, deprived urban and rural areas, schools and health centre... | 49. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its efforts to improve access to safe, affordable water for domestic use and to provide access to improved sanitation services for all, including in informal settlements, deprived urban and rural areas, schools and health centres, guided by the Committee ’ s ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: da84d90a-e473-4b4b-840c-778384d35bbd |
49aa6b4a-f25b-4488-909d-fed8cdfac927 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Internally displaced persons"
] | [
"Right to food",
"Human rights & climate change"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"2.1 - Universal access to safe and nutritious food"
] | Adaptation to climate change 50.The Committee acknowledges the measures taken to adapt to climate change, such as the increasing use of drought resistant crops in prone areas to sustain agricultural production. It notes, however, that the existing adaptation measures are not sufficient to address the increasing negativ... | 50. The Committee acknowledges the measures taken to adapt to climate change, such as the increasing use of drought resistant crops in prone areas to sustain agricultural production. It notes, however, that the existing adaptation measures are not sufficient to address the increasing negative impact of climate change o... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 49aa6b4a-f25b-4488-909d-fed8cdfac927 |
4b8dbf27-6492-44c6-b6e1-e79aceb85bda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Economic & political crisis, natural disasters or other emergencies",
"Human rights & climate change",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"13.1 - Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate related disasters",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"11.5 - Reduce the adverse effects of natural disasters",
"1.5 - Build resilience to environmental, economic and social disasters"
] | Adaptation to climate change 51. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its national climate change adaptation efforts to address the adverse impacts of climate change on economic, social and cultural rights, with enhanced disaster management measures and adequate human, technical and financial resour... | 51. The Committee recommends that the State Party strengthen its national climate change adaptation efforts to address the adverse impacts of climate change on economic, social and cultural rights, with enhanced disaster management measures and adequate human, technical and financial resources. It further recommends th... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 4b8dbf27-6492-44c6-b6e1-e79aceb85bda |
5d3745df-692d-495b-b7a7-cccf321985c6 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS",
"Medical staff / health professionals",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas"
] | [
"Right to life",
"Right to health"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures",
"10.3 - Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Right to physical and mental health 52.While acknowledging the State Party’s efforts to improve access to healthcare and related services, the Committee notes with concern that: (a)Rural and low-income communities still face barriers in access to quality medical services due to infrastructure gaps and shortages of skil... | 52. While acknowledging the State Party’s efforts to improve access to healthcare and related services, the Committee notes with concern that: (a) Rural and low-income communities still face barriers in access to quality medical services due to infrastructure gaps and shortages of skilled health professionals; (b) Acce... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 5d3745df-692d-495b-b7a7-cccf321985c6 |
4f510c5e-b9e6-4b6f-b0a3-edab8af38bfe | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS",
"Medical staff / health professionals"
] | [
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Right to life",
"Right to health",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"3.3 - Fight communicable diseases",
"3.4 - Reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases and promote mental health"
] | Right to physical and mental health 53. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Allocate sufficient resources to the health sector and strengthen the accessibility, availability and quality of healthcare provision in all regions and for all communities, in particular by improving the infrastructure of the pr... | 53. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Allocate sufficient resources to the health sector and strengthen the accessibility, availability and quality of healthcare provision in all regions and for all communities, in particular by improving the infrastructure of the primary healthcare system, and ensure ... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 4f510c5e-b9e6-4b6f-b0a3-edab8af38bfe |
b6dce5b3-3bc1-4480-986a-afcccf45d29c | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Sexual & reproductive health and rights"
] | [
"3.2 - End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age",
"3.1 - Reduce maternal mortality",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"3.7 - Universal access to reproductive care, planning and education",
"5.6 - Universal access to reproductive health and rights",
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and i... | Right to sexual and reproductive health 54.The Committee notes the information on the draft law that proposes that individuals aged 15 years and above can independently seek sexual and reproductive health information and services. The Committee is concerned, however, that: (a)Although maternal and child mortality rates... | 54. The Committee notes the information on the draft law that proposes that individuals aged 15 years and above can independently seek sexual and reproductive health information and services. The Committee is concerned, however, that: (a) Although maternal and child mortality rates have declined, challenges remain with... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: b6dce5b3-3bc1-4480-986a-afcccf45d29c |
93fa2870-aebe-464e-83e3-8f7204b8ba28 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls"
] | [
"Right to health",
"Sexual & reproductive health and rights"
] | [
"3.8 - Achieve universal health coverage",
"3.2 - End all preventable deaths under 5 years of age",
"3.1 - Reduce maternal mortality",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",... | Right to sexual and reproductive health 55. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures aimed at reducing maternal and child mortality rates and ensuring that births are assisted by skilled attendants and that all women have access to basic obstetric and neonatal care; (b) Improve the a... | 55. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Continue to take measures aimed at reducing maternal and child mortality rates and ensuring that births are assisted by skilled attendants and that all women have access to basic obstetric and neonatal care; (b) Improve the accessibility, availability and quality o... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 93fa2870-aebe-464e-83e3-8f7204b8ba28 |
1402a3a6-0884-4ec2-9d0d-7b8be460d302 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children in vulnerable situations (abused, living on the street, institutionalized, indigenous, migrant children etc.)",
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Educational staff & students",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Right to education",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water",
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures",
"2.2 - End all forms of malnutri... | Right to education 56.The Committee notes the State Party’s efforts in the education sector, including the resources allocated. Nevertheless, it remains concerned about the limited access to and poor quality of education due to, inter alia, an insufficient numbers of teachers, a lack of quality learning materials, inad... | 56. The Committee notes the State Party’s efforts in the education sector, including the resources allocated. Nevertheless, it remains concerned about the limited access to and poor quality of education due to, inter alia, an insufficient numbers of teachers, a lack of quality learning materials, inadequate infrastruct... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 1402a3a6-0884-4ec2-9d0d-7b8be460d302 |
44b251cf-368f-44fe-af88-04c03db1be16 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Educational staff & students",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Safe drinking water & sanitation",
"Right to education"
] | [
"6.2 - End open defecation and provide access to sanitation and hygiene",
"4.1 - Free primary and secondary education",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"6.1 - Safe and affordable drinking water",
"9.1 - Develop sustainable, resilient and inclusive infrastructures",
"4.a - Build and upgrade inclusi... | Right to education 57. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen its efforts to enhance access to and the quality of education, including by increasing the number of qualified teachers, improving educational materials and enhancing educational infrastructure, particularly with respect to water, sani... | 57. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Strengthen its efforts to enhance access to and the quality of education, including by increasing the number of qualified teachers, improving educational materials and enhancing educational infrastructure, particularly with respect to water, sanitation and electric... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 44b251cf-368f-44fe-af88-04c03db1be16 |
cf598062-d107-4487-ad93-87f42b1aa795 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [] | [] | Right to take part in cultural life 58.The Committee notes with concern that, despite the State Party’s efforts, access to cultural and sports activities and facilities remain limited for marginalized and disadvantaged groups (arts. 2 and 15). | 58. The Committee notes with concern that, despite the State Party’s efforts, access to cultural and sports activities and facilities remain limited for marginalized and disadvantaged groups (arts. 2 and 15). | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: cf598062-d107-4487-ad93-87f42b1aa795 |
b909df59-de64-487c-995e-2e604e9646ae | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Children",
"Youth & juveniles",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Women & girls",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [] | [] | Right to take part in cultural life 59. The Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts to promote access to cultural and sports activities and facilities by women and girls, persons with disabilities, children and young people, including those living in remote and rural areas. | 59. The Committee recommends that the State Party intensify its efforts to promote access to cultural and sports activities and facilities by women and girls, persons with disabilities, children and young people, including those living in remote and rural areas. | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: b909df59-de64-487c-995e-2e604e9646ae |
626192ba-3645-4eb5-a587-c261e7dffdda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Refugees & asylum seekers",
"Migrants",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cultural rights"
] | [
"11 - SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES",
"11.4 - Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage"
] | Cultural diversity 60.The Committee notes the information that Swahili has been accepted as an official language, in addition to Kinyarwanda, English and French. While acknowledging the information provided by the State Party in relation to its Ndi Umunyarwanda programme and the historical context, the Committee notes ... | 60. The Committee notes the information that Swahili has been accepted as an official language, in addition to Kinyarwanda, English and French. While acknowledging the information provided by the State Party in relation to its Ndi Umunyarwanda programme and the historical context, the Committee notes the limited inform... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 626192ba-3645-4eb5-a587-c261e7dffdda |
e4118f18-7e6c-48f9-a6fd-de768f811f1f | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups"
] | [
"Cultural rights"
] | [
"11 - SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES",
"11.4 - Protect the world's cultural and natural heritage",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship"
] | Cultural diversity 61. The Committee recalls its previous recommendation that the State Party take into account the diversity of its population and effectively implement measures aimed at ensuring that diverse groups living in its territory can preserve, develop, express and share their identity, history, traditions an... | 61. The Committee recalls its previous recommendation that the State Party take into account the diversity of its population and effectively implement measures aimed at ensuring that diverse groups living in its territory can preserve, develop, express and share their identity, history, traditions and culture, while co... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: e4118f18-7e6c-48f9-a6fd-de768f811f1f |
c96b9b4b-b537-4092-9ff2-326fb82464b9 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"17.6 - Knowledge sharing and cooperation for access to science, technology and innovation",
"17.8 - Operationalize the technology bank, build scientific capacity and enhance information and communication technology"
] | Right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications 62.The Committee is concerned about the prevalence of the digital divide in the State Party, which disproportionately affects marginalized and disadvantaged groups, who often lack access to affordable digital devices, affordable and reliable Intern... | 62. The Committee is concerned about the prevalence of the digital divide in the State Party, which disproportionately affects marginalized and disadvantaged groups, who often lack access to affordable digital devices, affordable and reliable Internet connectivity and the necessary skills to effectively use digital tec... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: c96b9b4b-b537-4092-9ff2-326fb82464b9 |
0cb2e2ca-dae3-46c7-9715-64bc89defaf4 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Persons living in rural areas",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"10.2 - Promote universal social, economical and political inclusion",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"17.6 - Knowledge sharing and cooperation for access to science, technology and innovation",
"17.8 - Operationalize the technology bank, build scientific capacity and enhance information and communic... | Right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications 63. The Committee recommends that the State Party take effective measures to ensure that everyone, including persons living in poverty, persons living in rural and remote areas and persons with disabilities, can enjoy the benefits of scientific pro... | 63. The Committee recommends that the State Party take effective measures to ensure that everyone, including persons living in poverty, persons living in rural and remote areas and persons with disabilities, can enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications, including ICT. The Committee recommends , in... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 0cb2e2ca-dae3-46c7-9715-64bc89defaf4 |
2fefd5ec-477d-4c58-a564-76422c7e4160 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments"
] | [] | D.Other recommendations 64. The Committee encourages the State Party to accede to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. | 64. The Committee encourages the State Party to accede to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 2fefd5ec-477d-4c58-a564-76422c7e4160 |
dd780e45-2f8c-4735-8c92-15458d4fafe8 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Disappeared persons",
"Children"
] | [
"Children: definition; general principles; protection",
"Enforced disappearances",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Civil & political rights - general measures of implementation"
] | [] | D.Other recommendations 65. The Committee recommends that the State Party consider acceding to the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a party, namely the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil... | 65. The Committee recommends that the State Party consider acceding to the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a party, namely the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights an... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: dd780e45-2f8c-4735-8c92-15458d4fafe8 |
f2685f05-e1b7-4d6f-a9f3-18a6af6a6106 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Inter-State cooperation and assistance",
"2030 Agenda & other voluntary commitments"
] | [] | D.Other recommendations 66. The Committee also recommends that the State Party take fully into account its obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined therein in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the national level, including in the recovery fr... | 66. The Committee also recommends that the State Party take fully into account its obligations under the Covenant and ensure the full enjoyment of the rights enshrined therein in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the national level, including in the recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: f2685f05-e1b7-4d6f-a9f3-18a6af6a6106 |
0cdd36c1-6e26-4ecc-8b53-0e533b06cbab | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Data collection & research"
] | [
"17.18 - Enhance availability of reliable data"
] | D.Other recommendations 67. The Committee further recommends that the State Party systematically collect data and develop indicators in the areas of economic, social and cultural rights, disaggregated on the basis of the prohibited grounds of discrimination, including sex, age, disability, ethnic origin and region, and... | 67. The Committee further recommends that the State Party systematically collect data and develop indicators in the areas of economic, social and cultural rights, disaggregated on the basis of the prohibited grounds of discrimination, including sex, age, disability, ethnic origin and region, and include such data in it... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 0cdd36c1-6e26-4ecc-8b53-0e533b06cbab |
783107d6-bfdf-4da6-bf66-274da0eecca4 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making"
] | D.Other recommendations 68. The Committee requests that the State party disseminate the present concluding observations widely at all levels of society, including at the national, provincial and district levels, in particular among parliamentarians, public officials and judicial authorities, and that it inform the Comm... | 68. The Committee requests that the State party disseminate the present concluding observations widely at all levels of society, including at the national, provincial and district levels, in particular among parliamentarians, public officials and judicial authorities, and that it inform the Committee in its next period... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 783107d6-bfdf-4da6-bf66-274da0eecca4 |
990a5301-fb68-4672-8158-e875f8b60299 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies",
"Right to social security"
] | [
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | D.Other recommendations 69. In accordance with the procedure on follow-up to concluding observations adopted by the Committee, the State Party is requested to provide, within 24 months of the adoption of the present concluding observations ( 31 March 202 7), information on the implementation of the recommendations cont... | 69. In accordance with the procedure on follow-up to concluding observations adopted by the Committee, the State Party is requested to provide, within 24 months of the adoption of the present concluding observations ( 31 March 202 7), information on the implementation of the recommendations contained in paragraphs 17 (... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: 990a5301-fb68-4672-8158-e875f8b60299 |
b262e337-946e-4563-a84b-15149a9cbbb1 | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | CESCR | 2025-03-04 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Rwanda"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [] | [
"Cooperation & Follow up with Treaty Bodies"
] | [] | D.Other recommendations 70. The Committee requests the State Party to submit its sixth periodic report in accordance with article 16 of the Covenant by 31 March 2030, unless otherwise notified as a result of a change in the review cycle. In accordance with General Assembly resolution 68/268, the word limit for the repo... | 70. The Committee requests the State Party to submit its sixth periodic report in accordance with article 16 of the Covenant by 31 March 2030, unless otherwise notified as a result of a change in the review cycle. In accordance with General Assembly resolution 68/268, the word limit for the report is 21,200 words. In a... | CESCR | Rwanda | E/C.12/RWA/CO/5 | 2025 | DocumentId: 1e6d8906-b8b5-4c33-9d7f-96b78643b2f6 | AnnotationId: b262e337-946e-4563-a84b-15149a9cbbb1 |
2cfded04-aa30-475d-b53f-99bc2b5d11e2 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Migrants",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Legal & institutional reform",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"10.7 - Responsible and well-managed migration policies",
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments"
] | B.Positive aspects 3.The Committee welcomes the legislative, administrative and policy measures taken by the State Party to strengthen the protection of economic, social and cultural rights, including its accession to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of The... | 3. The Committee welcomes the legislative, administrative and policy measures taken by the State Party to strengthen the protection of economic, social and cultural rights, including its accession to the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families in 202... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 2cfded04-aa30-475d-b53f-99bc2b5d11e2 |
10f2a88a-bbd5-4d86-9f29-e7859ed4eb8f | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | Domestic application of the Covenant 4.The Committee is concerned about the lack of information on cases in which the Covenant has been invoked before or directly applied by domestic courts and the lack of specialized training on the Covenant and the justiciability of economic, social and cultural rights. The Committee... | 4. The Committee is concerned about the lack of information on cases in which the Covenant has been invoked before or directly applied by domestic courts and the lack of specialized training on the Covenant and the justiciability of economic, social and cultural rights. The Committee regrets that the Supreme Court rule... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 10f2a88a-bbd5-4d86-9f29-e7859ed4eb8f |
0006ce9c-f8b6-4f4d-9627-8f1ef0ba5c3f | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Civil society",
"Judges, lawyers and prosecutors"
] | [
"Constitutional & legislative framework"
] | [
"16 - PEACE, JUSTICE AND STRONG INSTITUTIONS",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | Domestic application of the Covenant 5. Recalling its general comment No. 9 (1998) on the domestic application of the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party take the legislative measures necessary to fully incorporate the Covenant into domestic law and ensure the applicability of all rights enshrined i... | 5. Recalling its general comment No. 9 (1998) on the domestic application of the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party take the legislative measures necessary to fully incorporate the Covenant into domestic law and ensure the applicability of all rights enshrined in the Covenant in domestic courts. It... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 0006ce9c-f8b6-4f4d-9627-8f1ef0ba5c3f |
416eed0c-3f8d-4a1c-bdcf-06e28912f823 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Public officials"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption",
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | National human rights institution 6.The Committee is concerned about the challenges faced by the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission that prevent it from fulfilling its mandate effectively and independently, including its limited human and financial resources, its financial and operational reliance on the executive branch... | 6. The Committee is concerned about the challenges faced by the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission that prevent it from fulfilling its mandate effectively and independently, including its limited human and financial resources, its financial and operational reliance on the executive branch and the lack of transparency aro... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 416eed0c-3f8d-4a1c-bdcf-06e28912f823 |
6ff43575-f04f-425e-b7fb-b8c82ddb6097 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Good governance & corruption",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"National Human Rights Institution (NHRI)",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.a - Strong institutions to prevent violence, terrorism and crime",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 7. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission has sufficient resources and the independence to be able to effectively fulfil its mandate, in accordance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions f... | 7. The Committee recommends that the State Party ensure the Zimbabwe Human Rights Commission has sufficient resources and the independence to be able to effectively fulfil its mandate, in accordance with the principles relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human rights (the... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 6ff43575-f04f-425e-b7fb-b8c82ddb6097 |
8e7bc8b3-e98d-4f81-99fe-948cbb96ffad | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Media"
] | [
"Rule of law & impunity",
"Good governance & corruption",
"Land & property rights",
"Freedom of opinion and expression & access to information"
] | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and inc... | Human rights defenders 8.The Committee is concerned about the reported incidents of threats made to and harassment, intimidation and assaults of journalists and human rights defenders during the reporting period, including anti-corruption activists and defenders of economic, social, cultural, environmental and land-rel... | 8. The Committee is concerned about the reported incidents of threats made to and harassment, intimidation and assaults of journalists and human rights defenders during the reporting period, including anti-corruption activists and defenders of economic, social, cultural, environmental and land-related rights. It is fur... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 8e7bc8b3-e98d-4f81-99fe-948cbb96ffad |
cc307ff6-30a2-4bd9-9d73-163891adfda0 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Civil society"
] | [
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Access to justice & remedy"
] | [
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 9. Recalling its statement on human rights defenders and economic, social and cultural rights, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take all measures necessary to promptly, impartially and thoroughly investigate attacks against human rights defenders, to... | 9. Recalling its statement on human rights defenders and economic, social and cultural rights, the Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Take all measures necessary to promptly, impartially and thoroughly investigate attacks against human rights defenders, to ensure that those responsible receive sentences com... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: cc307ff6-30a2-4bd9-9d73-163891adfda0 |
ddd250cc-0fc5-4eee-bc65-ddab7fccb7b8 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Internally displaced persons"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Human rights & toxics / hazardous wastes",
"Right to adequate housing"
] | [
"12 - RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies"
] | Business and human rights 10.The Committee is concerned that some large development projects and the activities of some business entities, including in the extractive sector, adversely affect local communities’ enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, notably by causing displacement, forced evictions, environ... | 10. The Committee is concerned that some large development projects and the activities of some business entities, including in the extractive sector, adversely affect local communities’ enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights, notably by causing displacement, forced evictions, environmental pollution and the ... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: ddd250cc-0fc5-4eee-bc65-ddab7fccb7b8 |
b57c914b-e2b7-4416-950b-edee89662edb | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Civil society"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"Cooperation & consultation with civil society",
"Labour rights and right to work",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & the environment",
"Ri... | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"8.8 - Universal labour rights and safe working environments",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"12.4 - Responsible managem... | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 11. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Establish a clear regulatory framework for business entities operating within its jurisdiction to ensure that they exercise human rights due diligence so as to guarantee that their activities do not negatively aff... | 11. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Establish a clear regulatory framework for business entities operating within its jurisdiction to ensure that they exercise human rights due diligence so as to guarantee that their activities do not negatively affect the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural r... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: b57c914b-e2b7-4416-950b-edee89662edb |
f633246b-7281-4df4-8064-5b6e9e30518c | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Indigenous peoples",
"Internally displaced persons"
] | [
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers"
] | Indigenous and tribal peoples 12.The Committee is concerned about reports of the dispossession, displacement and relocation of Indigenous and tribal peoples, including the Tshwa, the Doma and other Indigenous and tribal peoples, from their customary lands and territories as a result of development and projects for natu... | 12. The Committee is concerned about reports of the dispossession, displacement and relocation of Indigenous and tribal peoples, including the Tshwa, the Doma and other Indigenous and tribal peoples, from their customary lands and territories as a result of development and projects for natural resource exploitation, wi... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: f633246b-7281-4df4-8064-5b6e9e30518c |
29ed7fcc-8bca-42d7-b67a-62f4be253219 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Indigenous peoples"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Ratification of & accession to international instruments",
"Right to participate in public affairs & right to vote",
"Land & property rights"
] | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies",
"2.3 - Double the productivity and incomes of small-scale food producers"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 13. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure that Indigenous and tribal peoples can fully exercise their rights to own, use, control and develop the lands, territories and resources that they have traditionally owned, occupied or otherwise used or acq... | 13. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Ensure that Indigenous and tribal peoples can fully exercise their rights to own, use, control and develop the lands, territories and resources that they have traditionally owned, occupied or otherwise used or acquired; (b) Establish systematic and transparent proc... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 29ed7fcc-8bca-42d7-b67a-62f4be253219 |
75d4624d-68ba-4fd5-98cb-8c9eb756484e | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Public officials"
] | [
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & climate change"
] | [
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies"
] | Climate change mitigation 14.While welcoming the information provided by the State Party regarding the development of national plans and strategies to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, the Committee is concerned that the State Party’s current industrial and energy policies, including fossil fuel extraction projects,... | 14. While welcoming the information provided by the State Party regarding the development of national plans and strategies to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions, the Committee is concerned that the State Party’s current industrial and energy policies, including fossil fuel extraction projects, may be insufficient to m... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 75d4624d-68ba-4fd5-98cb-8c9eb756484e |
bd62e085-44de-43d5-8b19-17e1479561cf | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Cooperation with human rights mechanisms & requests for technical assistance",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Human rights & climate change"
] | [
"12 - RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION",
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"13 - CLIMATE ACTION",
"12.4 - Responsible management of chemicals and waste",
"13.2 - Integrate climate change measures",
"17.9 - Enhance capacity-building in developing countries"
] | Climate change mitigation 15. Recalling its statement on climate change and the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary: (a) To meet its nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement and to accelerate its efforts to implement its national plans and strategies t... | 15. Recalling its statement on climate change and the Covenant, the Committee recommends that the State Party take all measures necessary: (a) To meet its nationally determined contribution under the Paris Agreement and to accelerate its efforts to implement its national plans and strategies to reduce greenhouse gas em... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: bd62e085-44de-43d5-8b19-17e1479561cf |
04ea69e1-fa58-4444-bf69-0202e2f3045f | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)",
"Right to an adequate standard of living"
] | [
"1.2 - Reduce poverty at least by 50%",
"1 - NO POVERTY"
] | Maximum available resources 16.The Committee notes the allocation of substantial resources to servicing debt and expresses concern that public expenditure on the progressive realization of economic, social and cultural rights is persistently low. The Committee also notes that the continued reliance on regressive tax po... | 16. The Committee notes the allocation of substantial resources to servicing debt and expresses concern that public expenditure on the progressive realization of economic, social and cultural rights is persistently low. The Committee also notes that the continued reliance on regressive tax policies undermines poverty r... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 04ea69e1-fa58-4444-bf69-0202e2f3045f |
ba53abf7-1f1c-4da3-bbb5-eff142150f44 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living in poverty",
"Vulnerable persons/groups"
] | [
"Human rights & poverty",
"Economic, social & cultural rights - general measures of implementation",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Economic policy and foreign debt",
"Right to social security",
"Land & property rights",
"Budget & resources (for human r... | [
"1.4 - Equal rights to ownership, basic services, technology and economic resources",
"11.1 - Safe and affordable housing",
"8.1 - Sustainable economic growth",
"1.3 - Implement social protection systems"
] | Maximum available resources 17. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Coordinate with international financial institutions and other creditors to ensure that public debt and servicing do not constrain the fiscal space needed to fulfil obligations under the Covenant or divert the resources necessary for tha... | 17. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Coordinate with international financial institutions and other creditors to ensure that public debt and servicing do not constrain the fiscal space needed to fulfil obligations under the Covenant or divert the resources necessary for that purpose; (b) Assess the ef... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: ba53abf7-1f1c-4da3-bbb5-eff142150f44 |
5258f166-25b4-4e36-94a7-957dc24d03ce | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Law enforcement / police & prison officials",
"Public officials"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Good governance & corruption",
"National Human Rights Action Plans (or specific areas) / implementation plans",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"12.2 - Sustainable management and use of natural resources",
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions"
] | Corruption 18.While welcoming measures taken to combat corruption, such as the adoption of the National Anti-Corruption Strategy (2020–2024), the Committee is concerned about the persistence of corruption affecting both the public and private sectors, including with regard to public procurement and the allocation of li... | 18. While welcoming measures taken to combat corruption, such as the adoption of the National Anti-Corruption Strategy (2020–2024), the Committee is concerned about the persistence of corruption affecting both the public and private sectors, including with regard to public procurement and the allocation of licences and... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: 5258f166-25b4-4e36-94a7-957dc24d03ce |
ec0bdc20-6393-4e45-9621-11d4cfb4d7f2 | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Recommendations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Human rights defenders & activists",
"Public officials",
"Media"
] | [
"Business & Human Rights",
"Good governance & corruption",
"Human rights education, trainings & awareness raising",
"Budget & resources (for human rights implementation)"
] | [
"16.5 - Reduce corruption and bribery",
"16.10 - Ensure public access to information and protect fundamental freedoms",
"12.6 - Encourage sustainable practices for companies",
"16.6 - Effective, accountable and transparent institutions",
"16.3 - Promote the rule of law and access to justice for all"
] | C.Principal subjects of concern and recommendations 19. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify its efforts to combat corruption and adopt measures to ensure transparency and accountability in public administration, with a focus on public procurement processes and the allocation of licences and min... | 19. The Committee recommends that the State Party: (a) Intensify its efforts to combat corruption and adopt measures to ensure transparency and accountability in public administration, with a focus on public procurement processes and the allocation of licences and mining rights in the extractive sector; (b) Ensure that... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: ec0bdc20-6393-4e45-9621-11d4cfb4d7f2 |
d0f495ea-9c6b-4960-9368-56748e3d846b | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | CESCR | 2025-10-03 | 2,025 | Concerns/Observations | [
"Zimbabwe"
] | [
"Africa"
] | [
"Persons living with HIV/AIDS",
"Persons living in poverty",
"Indigenous peoples",
"Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender and intersex persons (LGBTI)",
"Minorities/ racial, ethnic, linguistic, religious or descent-based groups",
"Persons with disabilities"
] | [
"Equality & non-discrimination",
"Human rights & poverty",
"Access to justice & remedy",
"Right to health",
"Constitutional & legislative framework",
"Sexual & gender-based violence",
"Persons with disabilities: protecting the integrity of the person",
"Right to education",
"Right to adequate housin... | [
"16.7 - Responsive, inclusive and representative decision-making",
"16.b - Promote and enforce non-discriminatory laws",
"4.7 - Education for sustainable development and global citizenship",
"8.5 - Full employment and decent work with equal pay",
"4.5 - No discrimination in education",
"11.1 - Safe and af... | Non-discrimination 20.Acknowledging that the State Party’s Constitution prohibits discrimination, the Committee is concerned that: (a)The State Party does not have comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation that prohibits all forms of discrimination on the basis of all prohibited grounds; (b)Despite efforts to imple... | 20. Acknowledging that the State Party’s Constitution prohibits discrimination, the Committee is concerned that: (a) The State Party does not have comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation that prohibits all forms of discrimination on the basis of all prohibited grounds; (b) Despite efforts to implement the Nationa... | CESCR | Zimbabwe | E/C.12/ZWE/CO/2 | 2025 | DocumentId: a6441f78-0f12-4520-baaf-611047e7e73c | AnnotationId: d0f495ea-9c6b-4960-9368-56748e3d846b |
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