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pubmed-101 | lymphomatoid granulomatosis (lyg) is a rare angiocentric and angiodestructive lymphoproliferative disease with granulomatous reaction involving the lungs most frequently, however, it may also involve the kidneys, skin and especially the central nervous system4,6,9,11). lyg is characterized by an infiltration of atypica... | lymphomatoid granulomatosis (lyg) is a lymphoproliferative disease involving the lungs most frequently; however, it may also involve the kidneys, skin and especially the central nervous system. unique initial presentation of spinal involvement is extremely rare and epidural lesion of thoracic spine has not been reporte... | PMC4432382 |
pubmed-102 | kidney transplant recipients not only have numerous comorbidities associated with renal failure, but also often have additional problems due to chronic immunosuppression [13]. the surgical management of colorectal cancer is risky to the patient in terms of the surgical procedure and the interruption of immunosuppressio... | aim. to prove the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) colorectal resection in kidney recipients by evaluating the technical protocol and reviewing short- and long-term outcomes. methods. between may 2007 and august 2012, a retrospective review of ten kidney transplant patients diag... | PMC4897483 |
pubmed-103 | acute occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (sma) causes extensive intestinal necrosis due to the difficulty of early diagnosis, resulting in poor prognosis, with a high postoperative mortality rate of 65.2%. recent reports indicate that selective thrombolytic therapy with intraarterial infusion of urokinase is e... | acute occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (sma) causes extensive bowel necrosis, resulting in a poor prognosis with an extremely high mortality rate. an 82-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of abdominal pain. she was diagnosed as having acute sma occlusion by enhanced ct. five hours... | PMC2988921 |
pubmed-104 | nucleotide excision repair (ner) plays a central role in preserving the genome of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. this versatile repair system removes structurally and chemically diverse bulky dna lesions, including those induced by exposure to uv light and environmental chemical carcinogens [1, 2]. the vital importanc... | nucleotide excision repair (ner) plays a critical role in maintaining the integrity of the genome when damaged by bulky dna lesions, since inefficient repair can cause mutations and human diseases notably cancer. the structural properties of dna lesions that determine their relative susceptibilities to ner are theref... | PMC2943111 |
pubmed-105 | differences in life span between males and females are commonly observed across many species. for example, where the heterogametic sex (xy sex chromosomes) is male, as in humans and drosophila, females tend to live longer than males. similarly, in caenorhabditis elegans, where the hermaphrodite has two x chromosomes (x... | several possible and potentially overlapping genetic mechanisms have been suggested to explain differences in life span between males and females. two recent papers in bmc evolutionary biology on the effects of inbreeding provide additional insight into the genetic architecture underlying life span differences between ... | PMC2688912 |
pubmed-106 | pathological gambling is defined in the current classification system of the world health organization (1992) (icd10) as an impulse control disorder (icd) which causes excessive, uncontrollable gambling despite financial losses and social problems, while the latest version of the diagnostic and statistical manual (dsm5... | abstractthe incidence of pathological gambling in parkinson's patients is significantly greater than in the general population. a correlation has been observed between dopamine agonist medication and the development of pathological gambling. however, scientists conjecture that the affected patients have underlying risk... | PMC5215459 |
pubmed-107 | in the right amounts, boron is an essential nutrient for animals, plants, and fungi [13]. however, at high concentrations boric acid (ba) becomes an effective poison that is widely used for the killing of diverse organisms ranging from bacteria to rodents. in medicine while the molecular details of ba action on yeast r... | boric acid (ba) has broad antimicrobial activity that makes it a popular treatment for yeast vaginitis in complementary and alternative medicine. in the model yeast s. cerevisiae, ba disturbs the cytoskeleton at the bud neck and impairs the assembly of the septation apparatus. ba treatment causes cells to form irregula... | PMC3017954 |
pubmed-108 | these include the intrinsic flexor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis longus, lumbricalis, flexor brevis, and flexor longus muscles1. toe-gripping strength is measured in the sitting position with the trunk vertical, the hip and knee joints at 90, and the ankle joint in the neutral position1,2,3. low toe-gripping str... | [ purpose] in the present study, we investigated femoral muscle activity during toe-gripping, and the role of the femoral muscles in toe-gripping strength. [subjects] fourteen healthy young women were selected. [methods] we measured the maximum voluntary contraction of the rectus femoris and long head of the biceps ... | PMC4210413 |
pubmed-109 | the majority of our likes and dislikes we acquire throughout the lifespan are the product of learning. one of the most important ways through which stimuli acquire affective meaning is the change of valence that results from pairing one stimulus (cs) with a positive or negative affective stimulus (ucs). as a result thi... | we present results of a study investigating evaluative learning in dementia patients with a classic evaluative conditioning paradigm. picture pairs of three unfamiliar faces with liked, disliked, or neutral faces, that were rated prior to the presentation, were presented 10 times each to a group of dementia patients (n... | PMC4437290 |
pubmed-110 | tumor-associated cell cycle defects, manifesting in unscheduled proliferation, and the associated genomic and chromosomal instabilities are mediated by misregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (cdks). because of the main role in the division cycle, cdks have been recognized as targets for anticancer therapy. many smal... | six organometallic complexes of the general formula [miicl(6-p-cymene)(l)]cl, where m=ru (11a, 12a, 13a) or os (11b, 12b, 13b) and l=3-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1h-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines (l1l3) have been synthesized. the latter are known as potential cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitors. all compounds have been comp... | PMC3255473 |
pubmed-111 | paraoxonases were originally discovered as enzymes hydrolyzing exogenous toxic organophosphate compounds such as insecticide paraoxon. there are three members of paraoxonases family currently known: paraoxonase 1 (pon1), paraoxonase 2 (pon2), and paraoxonase 3 (pon3), which are encoded by three separate genes on the sa... | paraoxonase 1 (pon1) is a hydrolytic enzyme with wide range of substrates, and capability to protect against lipid oxidation. despite of the large number of compounds that can be hydrolyzed by paraoxonase, the biologically relevant substrates are still not clearly determined. there is a massive in vitro and in vivo dat... | PMC3503369 |
pubmed-112 | uterine adenomyosis is a common gynecologic disorder characterized by the presence and growth of heterotopic endometrial or endometrium-like structures in the myometrium, with adjacent smooth muscle hyperplasia and can lead to dysmenorrhea and infertility. the ectopic endometrial tissue induces hypertrophy and hyperpla... | adenomyosis is a common gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma deep within the myometrium associated with myometrial hypertrophy and hyperplasia. focal uterine infarction after ivf-et in a patient with adenomyosis following biochemical pregnancy has not been previously rep... | PMC4295945 |
pubmed-113 | to optimize the benefits of minimally invasive procedures, surgeons have attempted to reduce the overall abdominal wall trauma by decreasing either the size of the ports or the number of trocars. in these efforts, transumbilical single-port surgery uses an umbilical single incision technique to access the peritoneal ca... | objectives. to present our initial experiences with laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy performed using homemade transumbilical single-port system. materials and methods. we reviewed the medical records of one hundred patients who underwent single-port access laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (... | PMC3440953 |
pubmed-114 | according to early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study (etdrs), protocol panretinal photocoagulation (prp) can prevent severe visual loss in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (pdr). several studies have shown histopathologic changes in choroid of diabetic patients [24]. meanwhile, using panretinal photocoagulation... | purpose. to compare subfoveal choroidal, central retinal, and peripapillary nerve fiber layer (rnfl) thickness after panretinal photocoagulation (prp) with red and green laser in diabetic patients. study design. randomized clinical trial. methods. a total of 50 patients with bilateral proliferative diabetic retinopath... | PMC4993942 |
pubmed-115 | spinal anaesthesia has been widely used for caesarean section (cs) deliveries because of greater maternal safety, foetal benefits, higher parental satisfaction, and consumer demand. however, to address the problem of limited duration of action and to improve the quality of analgesia, various adjuvants are added intrath... | background and aims: mixing adjuvants with hyperbaric bupivacaine in a single syringe before injecting the drugs intrathecally is an age old practice. in doing so, the density of the hyperbaric solution and also of the adjuvant drugs may be altered, thus affecting the spread of drugs. administering local anaesthetic an... | PMC4090994 |
pubmed-116 | in 2014, there will be 63,920 new cases of kidney and renal pelvis cancer diagnoses resulting in approximately 13,860 deaths. renal cell carcinoma (rcc) is one of the most lethal genitourinary cancers and comprises 85% of these new diagnoses. the incidence of rcc has steadily increased over the past few decades due to ... | objective. to report the perioperative outcomes of patients treated with partial nephrectomy by a single surgeon using three surgical modalities open, laparoscopic, and robotic. methods. between august 2006 and february 2012, 106 consecutive patients underwent open partial nephrectomy (opn) (n=23), laparoscopic parti... | PMC4897561 |
pubmed-117 | leishmania parasites are heteroxenous kinetoplastid protozoan organisms, which undergo complete differentiation upon a cycle of proliferation/differentiation in the midgut of phlebotomine sand flies followed by the transmission of infective metacyclic promastigotes [1, 2] to mammalian hosts during the insect blood mea... | leishmania amazonensis parasites cause progressive disease in most inbred mouse strains and are associated with the development of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in humans. the poor activation of an effective cellular response is correlated with the ability of these parasites to infect mononuclear phagocytic cells wi... | PMC3306939 |
pubmed-118 | despite of presentation of medical ethics as a new science in academic teaching, the ethical concepts have been alongside the medicine, and its antiquity back to the medicine history. for instance, literatures such as hippocratic oath letter, liturgy of ibn maymun, and shirazi ethics ordinance are the old literatures i... | patients rights observance is one of the effective measures of patients satisfaction of health care services. we performed this study at the aim of evaluation of nurses awareness of patients rights in a teaching hospital in tehran.this cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010. in this study 156 nurses were randomly ... | PMC3713951 |
pubmed-119 | intensive insulin therapy using basal-bolus insulin regimen is the standard therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. by mimicking the endogenous insulin secretion profile in healthy subjects, it has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of long-term complications compared with convention... | the aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of insulin degludec used for basal-bolus insulin regimen after switching from twice-daily basal insulin in japanese patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. the subjects were 22 type 1 diabetes patients treated with basal-bolus insulin regimen with twice-daily basal ... | PMC4576138 |
pubmed-120 | fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (fop) is a rare genetic disoder characterized by bone formation within muscles tendons and ligaments. we hereby report a case of fop in a four year male child from a tribal family in orissa. 4 yr old male child presented with gradual development of stiffness of neck and hard nodule... | introduction: fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (fop) is a rare genetic disoder characterized by bone formation within muscles tendons and ligaments. it has an incidence of one in two million. we hereby report a case of fop in a four year male child from a tribal family in orissa. case report:4 yr old male child pr... | PMC4719173 |
pubmed-121 | delivery of exogenous nucleic acids such as dna into cells (transfection) holds great promise for disease prevention and therapy (aka: gene therapy).(1) genetic material delivered into the cell modifies the function of such cells generally by altering the production of proteins. the selection of appropriate dna carrier... | a new class of water-soluble c60 transfecting agents has been prepared using hirschbingel chemistry and assessed for their ability to act as gene-delivery vectors in vitro. in an effort to elucidate the relationship between the hydrophobicity of the fullerene core, the hydrophilicity of the water-solubilizing groups, a... | PMC2652357 |
pubmed-122 | previously we reported that deletion of neutral endopeptidase (nep) provides protection from obesity- and diabetes-induced neural complications. we have also shown that treating obese and streptozotocin-diabetic mice with the vasopeptidase inhibitor ilepatril prevented neural complications including slowing of nerve co... | we have demonstrated that treating diet-induced obese (dio) mice with the vasopeptidase inhibitor ilepatril improved neural function. vasopeptidase inhibitors block angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) and neutral endopeptidase (nep) activity. we propose that increased activity of ace and nep contributes to pathophysiol... | PMC3465928 |
pubmed-123 | follicular thyroid cancer (ftc) metastasizes most commonly to the lungs and non-cranial bones. skull and skin are uncommon sites and usually manifest well after the diagnosis of primary malignancy. metastasis to skull and skin as the presenting feature of ftc is infrequently reported in the literature. a 65-year-old ca... | backgroundfollicular thyroid cancer (ftc) metastasizes most commonly to the lungs and non-cranial bones. skull and skin are uncommon sites and usually manifest well after the diagnosis of primary malignancy. metastasis to skull and skin as the presenting feature of ftc is infrequently reported in the literature. case p... | PMC4318834 |
pubmed-124 | although water-bath polymerization is extensively used to process polymethylmethacrylate (pmma), new resins and processing methods are often proposed to obtain better physical and esthetic properties and simplify the technique1,6,8,11,14. one of the advantages of microwave and visible light polymerization methods is th... | although visible light-polymerized acrylic resins have been used in removable partial dentures, it is not clear whether the presence of a metal framework could interfere with their polymerization, by possibly reflecting the light and affecting important properties, such as roughness and hardness, which would consequent... | PMC4327199 |
pubmed-125 | there is limited data upon skin cancer screening program in western asia region and especially iran. the two most common variants are basal cell carcinoma (bcc) and squamous cell carcinoma (scc); regardless of their low mortality rates, these tumors can provoke severe consequence as a result of their treatment. the thi... | background: early detection of skin cancers by screening could be very beneficial to decrease their morbidity or mortality. there is limited study about skin cancer screening in iran.aim:this essay was planned as a pilot skin cancer screening campaign in tehran, iran to evaluate its profit and failure and further desig... | PMC3884910 |
pubmed-126 | renal clear cell carcinomas represent about 3% of all visceral cancers and account for 85% of renal cancers in adults. the tumours occur most often in older individuals, usually in the sixth and seventh decades of life, and are often diagnosed at incurable stages. in western countries the frequency of renal cancer rema... | renal clear cell carcinomas represent about 3% of all visceral cancers and account for approximately 85% of renal cancers in adults. environmental and genetic factors are involved in the development of renal cancer. although to date there are 19 hereditary syndromes described in which renal cell cancer may occur, only ... | PMC2837295 |
pubmed-127 | a 52-year-old female patient visited the hospital complaining of pain in both breasts. the pain started immediately after breast reduction surgery she underwent 3 years previously at a private plastic surgery hospital, and it had continued despite a subsequent surgery. the pattern of the pain included burning, shooting... | breast surgery is a common procedure performed in women. many women who undergo breast surgery suffer from ill-defined pain syndromes. a nerve block is used in the treatment of the acute and chronic pain, but the effectiveness of the treatment has been limited because of its short duration. recently, the advent of puls... | PMC3030046 |
pubmed-128 | nature evolved a very limited number of chromophores in the different evolutionary branches of the tree of life because of the similar needs of the most diverse organisms for both the detection of the external world and the interaction with it. the study of these chromophores and their distribution inside cellular stru... | a microspectrophotometer is a digital microscope used to measure absorption and fluorescence spectra. in this paper we describe a polychromator-based microspectrophotometer that performs in vivo absorption or emission measurements at the same time on different subcellular compartments such as photoreceptive and photosy... | PMC1852396 |
pubmed-129 | the rostral ventromedial medulla (rvm) is an important relay region that contributes to the descending pain control pathway from the periaqueductal gray (pag) to the superficial laminae (laminae i and ii) of the spinal cord [1, 2]. it is well known that the rvm is closely linked to long-lasting activation of descending... | the mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor), a serine-threonine protein kinase, integrates extracellular signals, thereby modulating several physiological and pathological processes, including pain. previous studies have suggested that rapamycin (an mtor inhibitor) can attenuate nociceptive behaviors in many pain models, ... | PMC4684879 |
pubmed-130 | selenium (se) has been recognized as an essential nutrient for plant, animal, and human body, but at high concentration it can become toxic. the range between the concentration in which selenium is essential and toxic is very narrow [1, 2]. this element plays an important role in elderly people as well as in the preven... | a simple, rapid, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace amounts of selenium (iv) was described. in this method, all selenium spices reduced to selenium (iv) using 6 m hcl. cloud point extraction was applied as a preconcentration method for spectrophotometric determination of selenium (... | PMC3103859 |
pubmed-131 | the field of utility organometallics is increasingly turning to more complex mixed-metal systems to deliver superior results, whether this be for metal halogen exchange, alkylation, insertion, or the trapping of reactive intermediates. in theory, mixed-metal reagents can offer more flexible, tunable solutions to any p... | the surprising transformation of the saturated diamine (ipr)nhch2ch2nh(ipr) to the unsaturated diazaethene [(ipr)nch=chn(ipr)]2- via the synergic mixture nbum, (tbu)2zn and tmeda (where m=li, na; tmeda=n, n, n,n-tetramethylethylenediamine) has been investigated by multinuclear nmr spectroscopic studies and dft calculat... | PMC3662402 |
pubmed-132 | we reviewed the literature for reports of e. sakazakii disease in infants. using medical subject heading terms " e. sakazakii " or " enterobacter " in combination with " newborn, " " infant, " or " meningitis, finally, we reviewed e. sakazakii case consultations conducted by the centers for disease control and preventi... | enterobacter sakazakii kills 40%80% of infected infants and has been associated with powdered formula. we analyzed 46 cases of invasive infant e. sakazakii infection to define risk factors and guide prevention and treatment. twelve infants had bacteremia, 33 had meningitis, and 1 had a urinary tract infection. compared... | PMC3291213 |
pubmed-133 | radical prostatectomy (rp) is a common curative surgical treatment option in localized prostate cancer (pca). pelvic lymph node (ln) dissection is performed in order to determine the disease stage, prognosis, and the necessary future treatment options [1, 2]. the fatty tissue overlying the prostate is removed in order ... | introductionwe investigated whether anterior periprostatic fat (appf) tissue removed during robotic radical prostatectomy (rarp) contains any lymph nodes (lns). material and methodsappf tissues removed during rarp in 129 patients were evaluated histopathologically. correlation with postoperative pathologic stage was ma... | PMC4742442 |
pubmed-134 | the american marten (martes americana) is an arboreal mesocarnivore that ranges from the boreal forests of northern north america into coniferous and mixed coniferous/deciduous forests of the northern and northeastern united states, including the great lakes region (clark et al., 1987). the american marten was reintro... | the american marten (martes americana) was reintroduced to both the upper (up) and northern lower peninsula (nlp) of michigan during the 20th century. this is the first report of endoparasites of american marten from the nlp. faeces from live-trapped american marten were examined for the presence of parasitic ova, and ... | PMC4976135 |
pubmed-135 | in korea, close to 86.8% of the elderly population (aged 65 or older) has chronic degenerative disease1. among these degenerative diseases, arthritis has the highest prevalence rate. osteoarthritis mainly occurs in the hip joints and knee joints, which are weight-bearing joints, and most elderly persons aged 65 ye... | [ purpose] this study investigated the flexion-relaxation phenomenon of the erector spinae in elderly women with chronic knee osteoarthritis and determined whether the flexion-relaxation phenomenon can be used as a pain evaluation tool in such cases. [subjects and methods] seventeen elderly females with chronic knee... | PMC4968486 |
pubmed-136 | new-onset diabetes after transplantation (nodat) represents a common comorbidity after solid organ transplantation. nodat after kidney transplantation is associated with inferior outcomes, including higher risk of infections, decreased graft survival, higher rates of cardiovascular disease, and increased overall morta... | new-onset diabetes after transplantation (nodat) is a common comorbidity after renal transplantation. though metformin is the first-line agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, in renal transplant recipients, metformin is frequently avoided due to concerns about renal dysfunction and risk for lactic acidosis. there... | PMC4003765 |
pubmed-137 | substantial improvement in survival of people living with hiv has been observed with the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (art) in sub-saharan africa. however, the introduction of art has led to new immune-mediated complications from dysfunction of the recovering immune system, termed immune reconstitution inflam... | the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (art) may lead to unusual paradoxical and unmasking presentations of opportunistic infections. intra-abdominal cryptococcosis is a rare manifestation of cryptococcus. we present the case of an hiv-infected patient on art, with a history of cryptococcal meningitis who presented... | PMC4389205 |
pubmed-138 | gemcitabine is a modified cytidine analog having two fluorine atoms at the 2-position in the deoxyribose sugar moiety (scheme 1). for nearly 20 years, it has been widely used to treat specifically pancreatic cancer. it has been proposed that gemcitabine inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (rnr) activity as well as ac... | gemcitabine is a modified cytidine analog having two fluorine atoms at the 2-position of the ribose ring. it has been proposed that gemcitabine inhibits rnr activity by producing a c3 intermediate via direct h3-atom abstraction followed by loss of hf to yield a c2 with 3-keto moiety. direct detection of c3 and c2... | PMC4227712 |
pubmed-139 | fibromyalgia syndrome (fms) is a prevalent chronic pain condition among middle-aged females and is characterized by chronic widespread pain. various comorbid symptoms of fms include fatigue, cognitive disturbances, depression, sleep impairments, and weight gain, to name but a few. it is a challenging disorder, and t... | [ purpose] an easy-to-use, psychometrically validated screening tool for fibromyalgia is needed. this study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the turkish version of the fibromyalgia rapid screening tool by correlating it with 2013 american college of rheumatology alternative diagnostic criteria and th... | PMC5333001 |
pubmed-140 | vascular diseases are among the most common causes of morbidity and mortality, and both number and severity of morbid vascular conditions increase with age. regulations of angiogenesis, coagulation, and inflammation are very important issues in vascular biology, both in normal physiology and pathology. it is now well e... | endothelial microparticles (emps) are complex vesicular structures that originate from plasma membranes of activated or apoptotic endothelial cells. emps play a significant role in vascular function by altering the processes of inflammation, coagulation, and angiogenesis, and they are key players in the pathogenesis of... | PMC3830876 |
pubmed-141 | . failed endotracheal intubation and inadequate ventilation with insufficient oxygenation may lead to serious complications, even death. management of an unexpectedly difficult airway consists of laryngeal mask ventilation, gum-elastic bougie and video laryngoscopy-assisted intubation. gum-elastic bougie is the easiest... | backgrounda critical aspect of safe general anesthesia is providing adequate ventilation and oxygenation. failed endotracheal intubation and inadequate ventilation with insufficient oxygenation may lead to serious complications, even death. anesthesiologists rarely encounter unexpected difficult airway problems in dail... | PMC3982982 |
pubmed-142 | we reviewed the medical records of patients who had l. monocytogenes isolated from blood and body fluids from sterile sites during 19962008 at the national taiwan university hospital (ntuh), a 2,500-bed hospital in taiwan. we evaluated disease severity using modified acute physiology and chronic health evaluation ii sc... | during 19962008, a total of 48 patients with listeriosis were identified at a taiwan hospital. average annual incidence increased from 0.029 to 0.118 cases per 1,000 admissions before and after january 2005. serotype 1/2b predominated; serotype 4b emerged since 2004. food monitoring and disease surveillance systems cou... | PMC3322081 |
pubmed-143 | three cats, siamese or siamese cross, were presented with a chronic thoracic limb weightbearing lameness. previous anti-inflammatory administrations were unable to improve lameness consistently in the three cats. two of the three cats had undergone onychectomy several years before presentation. a permanent flexion of t... | case series summarythree cats, siamese or siamese cross, were presented with a chronic thoracic limb weightbearing lameness. previous anti-inflammatory administrations were unable to improve lameness consistently in the three cats. two of the three cats had undergone onychectomy several years before presentation. a per... | PMC5362020 |
pubmed-144 | one of them, adiponectin, also known as acrp30, adipoq, gbp28, and apm1, was discovered by four independent research teams in 1995/1996, [25] as the most abundant product of the adipose tissue. the hormone is a 244-amino acid protein with 30 kda molecular weight that circulates in the serum in different multimeric form... | adiponectin is an adipose-secreted hormone that regulates energy homeostasis and is also involved in the control of the reproductive system. the goal of the present study was to investigate changes in adiponectin gene and protein expression in porcine ovarian structures during the oestrous cycle and to examine the effe... | PMC3984813 |
pubmed-145 | molecular and morphological evidence together support the idea that the anterior end of the amphioxus nerve cord contains regions homologous with vertebrate forebrain and hindbrain 1,2, though it is generally the ventral portion of these regions that are best represented 3. its most probable position, as defined by gen... | the mhb (midbrain-hindbrain boundary) is a key organizing center in the vertebrate brain characterized by highly conserved patterns of gene expression. the evidence for an mhb homolog in protochordates is equivocal, the " neck " region immediately caudal to the sensory vesicle in ascidian larvae being the best accepted... | PMC1458436 |
pubmed-146 | medicinal plants have been used for centuries in traditional medicine because of their therapeutic value. mentha piperita, (family lamiaceae) is a species found in iran and many parts of the world which has an economical value for its flavoring, odor, and therapeutic properties in foods and cosmetic industrial products... | variations in quantity and quality of essential oil (eo) from the aerial parts of cultivated mentha piperita were determined. the eo of air-dried sample was obtained by a hydrodistillation method and analyzed by a gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (gc/ms). the antifungal activity of the eo was investigated by broth ... | PMC3532871 |
pubmed-147 | falls of the elderly always lead to serious health issues as the decline of their physical fitness. fracture is the most common injury in fall of an elderly and there is also a certain possibility to get coma, brain trauma, and paralysis. at most fall situations, the fall process is the main source of injury because of... | fall detection is a major challenge in the public healthcare domain, especially for the elderly as the decline of their physical fitness, and timely and reliable surveillance is necessary to mitigate the negative effects of falls. this paper develops a novel fall detection system based on a wearable device. the system ... | PMC4346101 |
pubmed-148 | one of the key challenges in the development of novel materials is the ability to tune and control their macroscopic physical and chemical properties on a molecular level by external stimuli. such a degree of control is challenging but crucial for a wide range of applications ranging from catalysis to pharmacologic... | controlling the excited-state properties of light driven molecular machines is crucial to achieving high efficiency and directed functionality. a key challenge in achieving control lies in unravelling the complex photodynamics and especially in identifying the role played by dark states. here we use the structure ... | PMC5098230 |
pubmed-149 | the patellofemoral joint is one of the most common sources of knee pain in younger people. maltracking and instability of the patellofemoral joint are responsible for the majority of symptoms and are associated with the development and progression of osteoarthritis1). the position of the patella relative to the trochle... | purposethe purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of varying knee flexion and quadriceps activity on patellofemoral indices measured on magnetic resonance imaging (mri). materials and methodsmri of the knee was performed in 20 patients for indications other than patellar or patellofemoral pathology. axial ... | PMC5134784 |
pubmed-150 | the knowledge of mechanical materials behaviour is of great importance particularly for some innovative engineering applications, which involve a single material, bimaterials, or multiple materials. some bimaterials are obtained by means of a coating process and consist of coupled layers that may or may not contain fil... | the behaviour of materials is governed by the surrounding environment. the contact area between the material and the surrounding environment is the likely spot where different forms of degradation, particularly rust, may be generated. a rust prevention treatment, like bluing, inhibitors, humidity control, coatings, and... | PMC4897108 |
pubmed-151 | epilepsy is a common and serious chronic neurological disease that affects over 50 million people worldwide. anti-epileptic drugs (aeds) are effective at controlling seizures in many patients, acting through a range of neuronal targets, including ion channels, neurotransmitter release, and receptor mechanisms.1, 2 howe... | current anti-epileptic drugs (aeds) act on a limited set of neuronal targets, are ineffective in a third of patients with epilepsy, and do not show disease-modifying properties. micrornas are small noncoding rnas that regulate levels of proteins by post-transcriptional control of mrna stability and translation. micror... | PMC5363384 |
pubmed-152 | it is a common discomfort making to the top ten list of complaints in ambulatory medical care, but our understanding of the epidemiology of headache disorders is still incomplete. most of the recurrent headache cases are due to benign chronic primary headache disorders, such as tension headache and migraine. less frequ... | here, we investigated the prevalence of headache among adults in jordan. the study was conducted from january 2007 to november 2008. a sample of 4,836 participants were permitted to complete a self-conducted screening questionnaire. as much as 82.3% of participants complained from headache at least once per year. 36.1%... | PMC3451745 |
pubmed-153 | posterior urethral valve (puv) is the most common cause of congenital bladder outlet obstruction in boys and causes renal failure in 25% to 30% of cases before adolescence. puv is associated with considerable morbidity, including urinary tract infection (uti), chronic renal failure, urinary incontinence, and even death... | purposeto find patients at high risk of obstructive remnant leaflets after valve ablation among boys with posterior urethral valve (puv), we evaluated any possible relationship between preoperative findings in our patients and residual obstructive leaflets after valve ablation. materials and methodswe retrospectively r... | PMC3897633 |
pubmed-154 | white spot lesions are areas of demineralized enamel that represent an early stage of caries, since they can progress to cavitated lesions if untreated. the demineralization process can be arrested or reversed by noninvasive means, including oral hygiene counselling and/or topical fluoride application [2, 3]. therefore... | optical coherence tomography (oct) and polarized raman spectroscopy (prs) have been shown as useful methods for distinguishing sound enamel from carious lesions ex vivo. however, factors in the oral environment such as calculus, hypocalcification, and stain could lead to false-positive results. oct and prs were used to... | PMC2905912 |
pubmed-155 | microglia account for approximately 10% of the adult brain cell population and represent the first and main form of immune defense in the central nervous system (cns; lawson et al. microglia become activated and they can be identified and distinguished from their resting phenotype based on a combination of morphologica... | microglia constitute the main immune defense in the central nervous system. in response to neuronal injury, microglia become activated, acquire phagocytic properties, and release a wide range of pro-inflammatory mediators that are essential for the annihilation of the neuronal insult. although the role of microglial ac... | PMC3361961 |
pubmed-156 | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease affecting predominantly joints, synovial membranes, articular cartilages, and subchondral bones. disease progression is attributed to increases in reactive oxygen species (ros) and oxidative stress (os) in the lesion sites. proinflammatory cytokines, ... | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic inflammatory disease, leading to progressive destruction of joints and extra-articular tissues, including organs such as liver and spleen. the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a potential immunomodulator, natural polyphenol n-feruloylserotonin (n-f-5ht), with me... | PMC4983360 |
pubmed-157 | although studies on the effects of children s use of computers are still undetermined, some initial studies showed positive and negative effects in this regard. children commonly use computers for playing games, completing school assignments, sending/receiving e-mails, and connecting to the internet. this may sometimes... | objective: the objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of addiction to the internet, computer games, dvd, and video and its relationship to anxiety and depression in a sample of iranian high school students. methods: in this cross-sectional study 1020 high school students (males and females) were selecte... | PMC4105607 |
pubmed-158 | , it must develop tolerance to paternal antigens to avoid a lethal immunologic attack against the fetus. on the other hand, it must preserve the ability to fight infections from a multitude of commensal and environmental pathogens. disruption of this balance can have devastating consequences, including preterm labor an... | several recent studies have shown differences in the maternal immune milieu at different phases of pregnancy, but most studies have been cross-sectional or of relatively few time points. levels of 42 cytokines were determined using a multiplex bead-based assay on archived serum from a cohort of pregnant women (n=16) at... | PMC4381731 |
pubmed-159 | endocarditis of the right side of the heart is uncommon by virtue of the low hemodynamic pressure and lack of isolated or significant right-sided valvular deformities. the valves fall prey to an infective process in settings of congenital heart disease or endothelial injury. pulmonary arterial endarteritis is a rare ev... | endocarditis of the right side of the heart is otherwise uncommon in children. pulmonary endarteritis as a complication of congenital heart disease is even rarer. herein, we report the case of pulmonary endarteritis with a 7 mm 5 mm vegetation, involving the main pulmonary artery in a 4-year-old male child, with cyanos... | PMC3425033 |
pubmed-160 | most commonly affects people of african descent. in nigeria, sickle cell anaemia affects about 1-3% of the nigerian population. individuals who have only one copy of the mutation are said to have sickle cell trait.12 these people are usually healthy but can transmit the disease to their children.3 sickle cell anaemia i... | a couple, both carriers of the sickle cell anaemia trait (genotype hbas) with an offspring already affected with the genetic disease underwent a pre-implantation genetic diagnosis/polymerase chain reaction screening of biopsied blastomeres. dna analysis of single blastomeres was carried out to find out indicated a viab... | PMC4071672 |
pubmed-161 | obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, with an incidence increasing in parallel with obesity-associated diseases such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. the combination of obesity and hypertension places patients at a higher risk of hypertensive end-organ damage and vascular events [2, 3]. b... | this study aimed to investigate the effects of gender on the association between epicardial fat thickness (eft) and circadian blood pressure (bp) changes in patients with recently diagnosed essential hypertension (eh). a total of 441 patients with eh (male/female: 236/205, mean age: 50.7 13.8) and 83 control patients ... | PMC4430675 |
pubmed-162 | pancreatitis, the commonest adverse event following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp), has been found to occur at widely varying rates, in 1% to 15.1% of pateints.14 post-ercp pancreatitis (pep) has been found at lower rates in recent studies because noninvasive methods, such as magnetic resonance c... | backgroundpancreatitis remains the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp), resulting in substantial morbidity and occasional mortality. there are notable controversies and conflicting reports about risk factors of post-ercp pancreatitis (pep).aimto evaluate the potential risk ... | PMC4426942 |
pubmed-163 | the ras association domain family (rassf) consists of 10 members: rassf1-10. importantly, all isoforms contain a ras association (ra) domain either in their c-terminal (rassf1-6) or n-terminal (rassf7-10) regions. to date, no known catalytic activity has been described for this family, and the general consensus suppose... | the rassf proteins are a family of polypeptides, each containing a conserved ras association domain, suggesting that these scaffold proteins may be effectors of activated ras or ras-related small gtpases. rassf proteins are characterized by their ability to inhibit cell growth and proliferation while promoting cell dea... | PMC3337625 |
pubmed-164 | mirizzi syndrome is a rare complication of cholecystolithiasis characterized by jaundice due to compression of the common hepatic duct. the diagnosis may not be immediately apparent, and management is controversial with open surgery still recommended by some authors. a case is detailed herein of a 67-year-old man who p... | background: mirizzi syndrome is a rare complication of cholecystolithiasis characterized by jaundice due to compression of the common hepatic duct. the diagnosis may not be immediately apparent, and management is controversial with open surgery still recommended by some authors. method:a case is detailed herein of a 67... | PMC3015902 |
pubmed-165 | the maxillary posterior area contains cancellous bones with low bone density and thin cortical bones, the quantity and quality of which are lower than those of the mandibular bone. this is due to the small implant-to-bone contact area and the inferior bone quality.123 moreover, the severe bone loss caused by sinus pneu... | purposethe aim of this study was to investigate the stress distribution of 2-short implants (2sis) installed in a severely atrophic maxillary molar site. materials and methodsthree different diameters of internal connection implants were modeled: narrow platform (np), regular platform (rp), and wide platform (wp). the ... | PMC4993844 |
pubmed-166 | hydatid disease (echionococcosis; hydatidosis) is a parasitic disease, endemic in many sheep raising countries (australia, south america, mediterranean countries, russia, middle east, and central asia). adult cestodes of echinococcus granulosus inhabit the small intestine of a definitive host (dogs, foxes, and wolves) ... | although serbia is recognized as an endemic country for echinococcosis, no information about precise incidence in humans has been available. the aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal manifestations of hydatid disease in serbia. this retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical database of inst... | PMC3770877 |
pubmed-167 | worldwide, head injury is the single largest cause of death and disability following an injury. the burden of head injury is greatest in low- and middle-income countries (lamic), where 85% of the world's population live. the world health organization estimates that almost 90% of deaths due to injuries occur in these se... | introduction: it is well-known that severe traumatic brain injuries (tbi) have a poor outcome. however, what is not well-known is the outcome for those who survive but remain unconscious at the time of discharge from the hospital.aims and objectives: to assess the outcome of severe tbi patients who have a motor respons... | PMC4692009 |
pubmed-168 | their marbling has been increased over many decades to meet domestic consumer preferences. in both countries, highly marbled beef is greatly prized for traditional meat cooking methods such as sukiyaki for japanese and gogigui for korean. because of these demands, the use of heifers and steers instead of bulls, intensi... | this review addresses the characteristics and health benefit of highly marbled wagyu and hanwoo beef. marbling of wagyu and hanwoo beef has been increased in japan and korea to meet domestic consumer preferences. wagyu and hanwoo cattle have high potential of accumulating intramuscular fat (imf) and producing highly ma... | PMC5243954 |
pubmed-169 | n-acetyl-l-cysteine (nac) is an endogenous aminothiol present both in human plasma and in urine. n-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (mpg), also known as tiopronin, is a synthetic aminothiol antioxidant. nac has been in clinical use for more than 40 years, primarily as a mucolytic agent in a variety of respiratory illness.... | a simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of n-acetyl-l-cysteine (nac) and n-(2-mercaptopropionyl)glycine (mpg) in pharmaceutical preparations was developed, validated, and used. the proposed equilibrium method is based on a coupled two-step redox and complexation reaction. in the first step, fe(iii) i... | PMC3103845 |
pubmed-170 | using water as solvent in the organic reactions is one of the most important targets to organic chemists because of the easy availability, nontoxicity, and ecofriendly nature of the water [17]. in this endeavour, a number of chemical reactions such as diels alder, hetero diels-alder, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition, oxidatio... | a novel catalytic system consisting of i2-sds-h2o has been developed which cleaves 2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene, 1-aza-1,3-butadienes, oximes and in presence of indoles in the medium uses the corresponding aldehyde products to produce bis(indolyl)alkanes in situ. this one pot simple and mild dual catalytic system works in w... | PMC3767350 |
pubmed-171 | in industrialized countries, cardiovascular disease (cvd) remains the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality. it is current scientific opinion that cvd occurs as a part of a series of events that form a continuum. the first stage of this continuum corresponds to the presence of risks factors that predispose to ti... | background. dyslipidemia and diabetes are two of the most well established risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease (cvd). both of them usually activate a complex range of pathogenic pathways leading to organ damage. here we hypothesized that dyslipidemia and diabetes could affect osteoprotegerin (op... | PMC5192341 |
pubmed-172 | compounds 14, 7, 8, and 11 were synthesized following our previously reported synthetic routes. saturated derivatives 5 and 6, unique to this work, were synthesized via the hydrogenation of diastereomers 1 and 2, respectively. palmyrolide alcohol (9) and acid (10) were prepared exploiting the known acid-catalyzed r... | a small library of synthetic ()-palmyrolide a diastereomers, analogues, and acyclic precursors have been examined with respect to their interaction with voltage-gated sodium channels (vgscs). toward this goal, the ability of ()-palmyrolide a and analogues to antagonize veratridine-stimulated na+ influx in primary ... | PMC4251536 |
pubmed-173 | the online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00414-009-0352-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. microbes can negatively interfere with the postmortem assessment of alcohol abuse and in this way pose problems for forensic investigators. however, microbial forensics is often ch... | human fingertip microflora is transferred to touched objects and may provide forensically relevant information on individual hosts, such as on geographic origins, if endogenous microbial skin species/strains would be retrievable from physical fingerprints and would carry geographically restricted dna diversity. we test... | PMC2955242 |
pubmed-174 | helicobacter pylori is a gram-negative, spiral and microaerophilic microorganism that was first isolated from the stomach of patients afflicted with peptic ulcer (1, 2). this bacterium can cause gastritis and peptic ulcer in the short-term and carcinoma of the stomach in the long-term (3, 4). polymerase chain reaction ... | background: tympanosclerosis is a condition caused by calcification of tissues in the middle ear mucosa that sometimes results hearing loss. helicobacter pylori is one of the pathological and etiologic factors in the development of tympanosclerosis. objectives:the purpose of this study was to show the role of h. pylori... | PMC4640059 |
pubmed-175 | trigeminal neuralgia (tn) is a disorder of cranial nerve (cn) v that results in severe episodes of shock-like or lancinating pain in one or more of its three divisions (v1v3). idiopathic tn and cases due to vascular compression of cn v are categorized as classical tn. patients diagnosed with symptomatic tn experience t... | since its introduction by leksell, gamma knife radiosurgery (gkrs) has become increasingly popular as a management approach for patients diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia (tn). for this reason, we performed a modern review of the literature analyzing the efficacy of gkrs in the treatment of patients who suffer from t... | PMC3202097 |
pubmed-176 | a 55-year-old caucasian female was undergoing elective coronary artery bypass surgery following a recent myocardial infarction. intravenous midazolam was given to the patient in the holding area, and the right radial artery was cannulated. in the operating room, intraoperative monitors, included five-lead electrocardio... | a carbon dioxide (co2) embolism during endoscopic vein harvesting is a rare but potentially fatal complication. early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for limiting the extent of the embolism and stabilizing the resulting cardiovascular compromise. we report a case of co2 embolization during endoscopic vein harvesting.... | PMC3427810 |
pubmed-177 | drywood termites cause significant damage to wood in structures in the united states, with two species, incisitermes minor (hagen) and cryptotermes brevis (walker), being responsible for the majority of damage (su and scheffrahn, 1990; grace, 2009). the economic cost of control and repair of damage is second only to th... | hydrocarbon mixtures extracted from fecal pellets of drywood termites are species-specific and can be characterized to identify the termites responsible for damage, even when termites are no longer present or are unable to be recovered easily. in structures infested by drywood termites, it is common to find fecal pelle... | PMC2980652 |
pubmed-178 | there is a need for computer methods that can calculate the aqueous solvation free energies of solute molecules accurately and efficiently. explicit-solvent models provide a physically accurate and atomistically detailed model of solvent, but they can be computationally expensive. boltzmann (pb), generalized born ... | previous work describes a computational solvation model called semi-explicit assembly (sea). the sea water model computes the free energies of solvation of nonpolar and polar solutes in water with good efficiency and accuracy. however, sea gives systematic errors in the solvation free energies of ions and charged ... | PMC4065164 |
pubmed-179 | the risk of stroke and myocardial infarction is considerably increased in subjects with diabetes. already at the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, many patients have manifest cardiovascular disease (cvd). this could be due to a long presymtomatic period with increased glucose level as evident by the increased cvd r... | backgroundimpaired fibrinolysis is found in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes, associated with components of the metabolic syndrome. there are no data concerning fibrinolysis in subjects with normal glucose tolerance that convert to diabetes. methodswe studied the activities of tissue plasminogen activator... | PMC328088 |
pubmed-180 | adverse drug reactions (adrs), including interactions, in older people are a common cause of admission to hospital1 and are also a common cause of disease in hospitalized patients. frail elderly patients appear to be particularly at risk of adrs. in some cases, this is because insufficient account is taken of the effec... | rhabdomyolysis is a clinical and laboratory syndrome that is caused by various etiologies, involving the skeletal muscle. clarithromycin, like other macrolides, is an inhibitor of cyp450 3a4, the major enzyme responsible for the metabolism of several drugs, in particular some statins. rhabdomyolysis related to macrolid... | PMC3325014 |
pubmed-181 | haemotropic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are bacterial organisms without cell walls that attach to and grow on the surface of red blood cells. three feline haemoplasma species are described: mycoplasma haemofelis (mhf), candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum (cmhm), and candidatus mycoplasma turicensis (cmt). these felin... | this study investigated the prevalence of feline haemoplasma infections in a number of stray cat colonies in milan, northern italy. blood samples from 260 stray cats were evaluated, with conventional pcr, for the presence of dna associated with mycoplasma haemofelis (mhf) and candidatus mycoplasma haemominutum (cmhm)... | PMC3953429 |
pubmed-182 | crh is a 41-amino-acid peptide hormone synthesized in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. its function in the central nervous system is to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) axis as part of the stress response. crh is also produced in peripheral tissues including the placenta of humans and ... | corticotropin releasing hormone (crh) production by the human placenta increases exponentially as pregnancy advances, and the rate of increase predicts gestational length. crh gene expression is regulated by camp in trophoblasts through a cyclic amp-response element (cre), which changes its transcription factor binding... | PMC4589633 |
pubmed-183 | in 1985, smith pioneered phage display technology, an in vitro methodology and system for presenting, selecting and evolving proteins and peptides displayed on the surface of phage virion. since then, phage display has developed rapidly and become an increasingly popular tool for both basic research such as the explora... | as epitope mimics, mimotopes have been widely utilized in the study of epitope prediction and the development of new diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines. screening the random peptide libraries constructed with phage display or any other surface display technologies provides an efficient and convenient approach to a... | PMC2842971 |
pubmed-184 | as is the most common cause of left ventricular outflow obstruction in children and adults. it is most common type of valvular heart disease in europe and north america, occurring in 27% of the population over 65 years of age. medical therapy alone is not effective for the long-term management of aortic valve disease, ... | aortic valve replacement (avr) remains the cornerstone of treatment for symptomatic critical aortic stenosis (as). it is a class i indication that symptomatic patients with critical as undergo either surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (tavr). we present a patient with critical as and new angina that was... | PMC5136738 |
pubmed-185 | the various blood cell lineages in mammals arise from a multipotent haematopoietic stem cell via particular differentiation pathways. one of these pathways, erythropoiesis, leads to the production of red blood cells (rbcs), which transport oxygen and carbon dioxide around the body by means of the intracellular metallop... | haemoglobinopathies such as thalassaemia and sickle cell disease present a major health burden. currently, the main forms of treatment for these diseases are packed red blood cell transfusions and the administration of drugs which act to nonspecifically reactivate the production of foetal haemoglobin. these treatments ... | PMC3146985 |
pubmed-186 | he had a left ventricular ejection fraction of 42% and regional wall motion abnormalities compatible with multi-vessel territories. coronary angiography findings revealed total occlusion at the proximal left anterior descending artery (lad), 50-75% stenosis at the mid to distal left circumflex artery, and 90% stenosis ... | although compressed gas (co2) blowers have been used safely to aid accurate grafting during off-pump coronary bypass surgery, hemodynamic collapse due to gas embolism into the right coronary artery may occur. supportive measures to facilitate gas clearance by increasing the coronary perfusion pressure have been reporte... | PMC3888851 |
pubmed-187 | multiple sclerosis (ms) is a chronic progressive inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of human central nervous system (cns) which usually affects young adults, with a reported median age of onset of approximately 30 years.1 in approximately 85% of patients with ms, the disease is initially recognized by a relapsi... | multiple sclerosis (ms) is a progressive immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of human central nervous system (cns), which causes irreversible disability in young adults. the cause and cure for ms remain unknown. pathophysiology of ms includes two arms: inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. the inflamm... | PMC3663610 |
pubmed-188 | the human cytomegalovirus (cmv) or human herpesvirus 5 is one of the major causes of congenital infections. its clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic forms (90% of cases) to severe fetal damage and, in rare cases, death due to abortion. furthermore, 10%15% of the children who are asymptomatic at birth may dev... | the fetal consequences of cmv infection make it one of the most serious infections contracted during pregnancy, but the scientific community is divided over the proposed implementation of preventive screening for anti-cmv antibodies. the aim of this study was to assess the incidence and risk of infection during pregnan... | PMC2715896 |
pubmed-189 | personalized medicine is defined by the use of genomic signatures of patients to assign effective therapies in order to achieve the best medical outcomes for individual patients, thus improving public health. despite the variety of clinical, morphological, and molecular parameters used to classify human malignancies, p... | numerous studies have demonstrated sex differences in drug reactions to the same drug treatment, steering away from the traditional view of one-size-fits-all medicine. a premise of this study is that the sex of a patient influences difference in disease characteristics and risk factors. in this study, we intend to expl... | PMC3834650 |
pubmed-190 | in the last decade, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (pgd) has become an important alternative to prenatal diagnosis for couples at high risk of transmitting inherited disorders to their children. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) has been offered for gender selection in x-linked diseases (1, 2), chromosomal t... | ornithine transcarbamylase (otc) deficiency is an x-linked co-dominant disorder. a couple, with a previous history of a neonatal death and a therapeutical termination due to otc deficiency, was referred to our center for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (pgd). the female partner has a nonsense mutation in the exon 9 o... | PMC2693659 |
pubmed-191 | the union rate and hardware-related complications remain a major concern in these patients, especially following multilevel spinal fusion surgeries. developing an adjunct therapy that essentially supplements the mainstay surgical management is of great importance to these patients. multitudinous research to gain insigh... | abstractelderly patients with chronic nonresolving symptoms due to degenerative spine pathologies are prone to have poor surgical outcomes and hardware-related complications, especially following multilevel instrumented lumbar fusion surgeries. with intention of analyzing if teriparatide can be an effective adjunct the... | PMC5293457 |
pubmed-192 | according to the world health organization's recent update, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are one of the top five continuing risk factors for cardiovascular deaths in the world. obesity is increasing substantially and is one of the major contributors of disease prevalence due to its pathophysiological link to oth... | background. this study was carried out to establish the prevalence of cardiovascular risks such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes in eastern nepal. this study also establishes the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (ms) and its relationships to these cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle. methods. 14,425 subjec... | PMC3095978 |
pubmed-193 | a 33-year-old woman, (gravida 3, para 2), at 34 weeks of gestation, presented with episodes of lightheadedness, and dyspnea. she was asymptomatic until 18 weeks of gestation, when she started having episodes of palpitations associated with presyncope. initially, the episodes were infrequent (less than once per day) but... | ventricular tachycardia although not common, can occasionally complicate pregnancy. its presence may indicate an underlying cardiac structural abnormality, or undiagnosed congenital arrhythmic disease. however, some pregnant patients with ventricular tachycardia have structurally normal hearts. two cases of ventricular... | PMC2884340 |
pubmed-194 | common sources include backyard burning, incineration of plastics, and chlorine bleaching of pulp in paper mills. documented health effects include acute and chronic effects, including chloracne, various types of cancers, reproductive diseases, circulatory and respiratory diseases, and diabetes. the traditional approac... | sphingomonas wittichii rw1 is a bacterium of interest due to its ability to degrade polychlorinated dioxins, which represent priority pollutants in the usa and worldwide. although its genome has been fully sequenced, many questions exist regarding changes in protein expression of s. wittichii rw1 in response to dioxin... | PMC3468919 |
pubmed-195 | a 34year-old male presented for general examination on day 49 of a 50-day self-imposed fast, seeking approval to continue his fasting behavior. during this period, the patient reported only consuming water, tea, coffee (with no milk or sugar), and a daily multivitamin tablet (centrum performance; pfizer). patient histo... | a 34-year-old obese male (96.8 kg; bmi, 30.2 kg m1) volitionally undertook a 50-day fast with the stated goal of losing body mass. during this time, only tea, coffee, water, and a daily multivitamin were consumed. severe and linear loss of body mass is recorded during these 50 days (final 75.4 kg; bmi, 23.5 kg m1). a s... | PMC4982520 |
pubmed-196 | titanium dioxide (tio2) is a component of many sunscreens, soaps, shampoos, toothpastes, cosmetics, paper products, plastics, ink, paint, and building materials 1 in both its bulk form and its nanoform. it is also used in human food as a colorant and inactive ingredient, where it can also be present in both forms 1, 2.... | abstracttitanium dioxide nanoparticles are photoactive and produce reactive oxygen species under natural sunlight. reactive oxygen species can be detrimental to many organisms, causing oxidative damage, cell injury, and death. most studies investigating tio2 nanoparticle toxicity did not consider photoactivation and pe... | PMC5008198 |
pubmed-197 | it was previously suggested that atherothrombotic infarction (ati) and lacunar infarction (li), as two different subtypes of ischemic stroke, might also differ in the set of the relevant risk factors, with ati being more associated to the atherogenic risk factors in contrast to li.. however, decreased insulin sensiti... | we analyzed (a) insulin sensitivity (is) and (b) glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), glutathione reductase (gr), and superoxide dismutase (sod) antioxidant enzyme activity in type 2 diabetic (t2d) patients with atherothrombotic infarction (ati) (group a), lacunar infarction (li) (b), or without stroke (c) and in nondiabet... | PMC3697295 |
pubmed-198 | the formation of spores is a survival mechanism of microorganisms when exposed to unfavorable environmental conditions (e.g., heavy metal stress, nutrient limitations) leading to a dormant or resting growth state [1, 2]. a variety of bacteria identified in diverse habitats including soil is able to form endospores.... | spore formation is a survival mechanism of microorganisms when facing unfavorable environmental conditions resulting in dormant states. we investigated the occurrence of bacterial endospores in soils from various locations including grasslands (pasture, meadow), allotment gardens, and forests, as well as fluvial sedi... | PMC3132637 |
pubmed-199 | cannabis is a prominent political, health, and law enforcement issue in north america that is currently receiving a great deal of attention. as we watch the effects of the legalization of cannabis in colorado, washington, alaska, oregon, and the district of columbia, other jurisdictions are debating the future of this ... | cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance among youth. recent policy developments and ongoing debate related to this drug underscore the urgent need to clear the smoke and better understand what the scientific evidence says about the health and behavioral effects of cannabis use, particularly on youth whos... | PMC5034357 |
pubmed-200 | hypertension (htn) is the most common comorbidity in the world with significant public health implications [1, 2]. the overall u.s. prevalence of hypertension among adults ages 18 years in 20052008 was 30.9% and was highest among persons ages 65 years (69.7%) and non-hispanic blacks (44%). the american heart as... | hypertension (htn) is the most common co-morbidity in the world, and its sequelae, heart failure (hf) is one of most common causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. current understanding of pathophysiology and management of htn in hf is mainly based on studies, which have mainly included whites. among racial gro... | PMC3124316 |
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