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at the lures of dependency that lie hidden in honors, or money, or duties, or enthusiasms of the senses; grateful even for difficulties and inconstant health, because they have always freed us from some rule and In German: Versucherkunst (see note above). These are terms meaning 'free thinker' in French, Italian, and G... |
its 'prejudice,' grateful to the god, devil, sheep, and maggot in us, curious to a fault, researchers to the point of cruelty, with unmindful fingers for the incomprehensible, with teeth and stomachs for the indigestible, ready for any trade that requires a quick wit and sharp senses, ready for any risk, thanks to an e... |
The human soul and its limits, the scope of human inner experience to date, the heights, depths, and range of these experiences, the entire history of the soul so far and its still unexhausted possibilities: these are the predestined hunting grounds for a born psychologist and lover of the 'great hunt.' But how often d... |
The sort of faith demanded (and often achieved) by early Christianity in the middle of a skeptical, southern, free-spirited world, a world that had century-long struggles between schools of philosophy behind and inside it, not to mention the education in tolerance given by the imperium Romanum - this faith is not the s... |
they understand only tyranny, even in morality. They love as they hate, without nuance, into the depths, to the point of pain and sickness - their copious, hidden suffering makes them furious at the noble taste that seems to deny suffering. Skepticism about suffering (which is basically just an affectation of aristocra... |
Wherever the religious neurosis has appeared so far, we find it connected with three dangerous dietary prescriptions: solitude, fasting, and sexual abstinence, - but without being able to say for sure which is the cause and which is the effect and whether in fact there is a causal relation at all. This last doubt seems... |
pageant as the 'Salvation Army.' - But if someone asks what it really was in the whole phenomenon of the saint that caused such inordinate interest among people of all kinds in all ages, and even among philosophers, it was undoubtedly the aura of a miracle that clung to it; it displayed the immediate succession of oppo... |
The Latin races seem to have much more of an affinity to their Catholicism than we northerners do to Christianity in general. Consequently, a lack of belief means something very different in Catholic countries than in Protestant ones. In Catholic countries it is a sort of anger against the spirit of the race, while wit... |
la religion est un produit de l'homme normal, que l'homme est le plus dans le vrai quand il est le plus religieux et le plus assur'e d'une destin'ee infinie ... C'est quand il est bon qu'il veut que la vertu corresponde 'a un ordre 'eternel, c'est quand il contemple les choses d'une mani'ere d'esint'eress'ee qu'il trou... |
'So we strongly affirm that religion is a product of the normal man, that man is most in the right when he is most religious and most assured of an infinite destiny ... It is when he is good that he wants virtue to correspond to an eternal order, it is when he contemplates things in a disinterested manner that he finds... |
The Jewish 'Old Testament,' the book of divine justice, has people, things, and speeches in such grand style that it is without parallel in the written works of Greece and India. We stand in horror and awe before this monstrous vestige of what humanity once was, and then reflect sadly on old Asia and its protruding lit... |
So what is really going on with the whole of modern philosophy? Since Descartes (and, in fact, in spite of him more than because of him) all the philosophers have been out to assassinate the old concept of the soul, undertheguiseofcritiquingtheconceptsofsubjectandpredicate.Inother words, they have been out to assassina... |
There is a great ladder of religious cruelty, and, of its many rungs, three are the most important. People used to make human sacrifices to their god, perhaps even sacrificing those they loved the best - this sort of phenomenon can be found in the sacrifice of the firstborn (a practice shared by all prehistoric religio... |
Anyone like me, who has tried for a long time and with some enigmatic desire, to think pessimism through to its depths and to deliver it from the half-Christian, half-German narrowness and naivet'e with which it has finally presented itself to this century, namely in the form of the Schopenhauerian philosophy; anyone w... |
da capo not just to himself but to the whole play and performance, and not just to a performance, but rather, fundamentally, to the one who needs precisely this performance - and makes it necessary: because again and again he needs himself - and makes himself necessary. - - What? and that wouldn't be circulus vitiosus ... |
Has anyone really noticed the extent to which being outwardly idle or half-idle is necessary for a genuinely religious life (and for its favorite job of microscopic self-examination just as much as for that tender state of composure which calls itself 'prayer' and is a constant readiness for the 'coming of God')?-Imean... |
I find representatives of various types and extractions of 'free-thinking'; but, above all, a majority whose industriousness has, over generations, dissolved any religious instinct, so that they no longer know what religion is good for, and only register its presence in the world with a type of dull amazement. They fee... |
what still passes for church or piety: possibly even the reverse. The practical indifference towards religious matters with which he was born and raised tends, in his case, to be sublimated into a caution and cleanliness that shuns contact with religious people and religious affairs; and it can be the very depth of his... |
crises intrinsic to toleration itself. - Every age has its own, divine type of naivet'e that other ages may envy; and how much naivet'e - admirable, childish, boundlessly foolish naivet'e - lies in the scholar's belief in his own superiority, in the good conscience he has of his tolerance, in the clueless, simple certa... |
Anyone who has looked deeply into the world will probably guess the wisdom that lies in human superficiality. An instinct of preservation has taught people to be flighty, light, and false. We occasionally find both philosophers and artists engaging in a passionate and exaggerated worship of 'pure forms.' Let there be n... |
To love humanity for the sake of God - that has been the noblest and most bizarre feeling people have attained so far. That the love of humanity, in the absence of any sanctifying ulterior motive, is one more stupidity and abomination; that the tendency to love humanity like this can only get its standard, its subtlety... |
Meanwhile, religion also gives some fraction of the ruled the instruction and opportunity they need to prepare for eventual rule and command. This is particularly true for that slowly ascending class and station in which, through fortunate marriage practices, the strength and joy of the will, the will to self-control i... |
Finally, to show the downside of these religions as well and throw light on their uncanny dangers: there is a high and horrible price to pay when religions do not serve as means for breeding and education in the hands of a philosopher, but instead serve themselves and become sovereign , when they want to be the ultimat... |
since humans are the still undetermined animals , the infrequent exception. But it gets worse: people who represent more nobly bred types are less likely to turn out well . Chance, that law of nonsense in the overall economy of mankind, is most terribly apparent in its destructive effect on the higher men, whose condit... |
into hatred against earth and the earthly that is the task the church set and needed to set for itself until, in its estimation, 'unworldly,' 'unsensuous,' and 'higher man' finally melted together into a single feeling. If you could survey the strangely painful, crude yet subtle comedy of European Christianity with the... |
Genuine teachers only take things seriously where their students are concerned - even themselves. 'Knowledge for its own sake' - this is the final snare morality has laid; with it, we become completely entangled in morals once again. Knowledge would have little charm if there were not so much shame to be overcome in or... |
The degree and type of a person's sexuality reaches up into the further- most peaks of their spirit., Beyond Good and Evil = . The degree and type of a person's sexuality reaches up into the further- most peaks of their spirit., Beyond Good and Evil = . The degree and type of a person's sexuality reaches up into the fu... |
does not itself love exposes its sediment: - its bottom-most aspect rises to the top. An issue that has been resolved stops mattering to us. - What did that god whocounseled'Knowyourself!'reallymean?Wasitperhaps:'Stop letting anything matter to you! Become objective!' - And Socrates? - And the 'scientific man'? - It is... |
thirst anymore? . Anyone who despises himself will still respect himself as a despiser., Beyond Good and Evil = . Anyone who despises himself will still respect himself as a despiser., Beyond Good and Evil = . Anyone who despises himself will still respect himself as a despiser., Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good ... |
Instinct . - When your house is on fire, you even forget about lunch. - Yes, but you pick it out from the ashes. Women learn how to hate in the same proportion that they unlearn how to charm. The same affects have different tempos in men and in women: that is why men and women do not stop misunderstanding each other. |
Behind all their personal vanity, women always have an impersonal contempt - for 'woman.' Boundheart, free spirit . - If someone binds up his heart and takes it captive, he can give his spirit considerable freedom: I have said this once already. But nobody will believe me if they do not already know ... You start to mi... |
Weall pretend to ourselves that we are more naive than we are: this is how, Epigrams and entr'actes = Weall pretend to ourselves that we are more naive than we are: this is how. we relax from other people. , Epigrams and entr'actes = we relax from other people. . animal., Epigrams and entr'actes = Today, someone with k... |
Epigrams and entr'actes = Pious fraud. Impious fraud. Wheneveryoureachadecision,close your ears to even the best objections: this is the sign of a strong character. Which means: an occasional will to stupidity., Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good and Evil = . There are absolutely no moral phenomena, only a moral in... |
, Beyond Good and Evil = . Even concubinage gets corrupted: - by marriage., Beyond Good and Evil = . If someone rejoices while burning at the stake it is not because he has triumphed over his pain, but rather over not feeling any pain when he, Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good and Evil = . Whenweareforcedtochangeo... |
What someone is begins to reveal itself when his talent diminishes - when he stops showing what he can do. So talent is also a piece of finery; and finery is also a hiding place. |
The sexes deceive themselves about each other: which means they basically only love and honor themselves (or their own ideal, to say it more nicely - ). So men would have it that women are placid - but women above all are essentially not placid, just like cats, however much they have rehearsed the appearance of placidi... |
All credibility, good conscience, and evidence of truth first come from the senses. |
Pharisaism is not a degeneration in good people: rather, a good part of it is the condition of any being good. |
Thefirst one looks for a midwife for his thoughts - the other, for someone he can help: this is how a good conversation begins. |
In dealing with scholars and artists, people are easily led in the wrong direction: behind a remarkable scholar you will not infrequently find a mediocre person, and behind a mediocre artist quite often - someone really remarkable. |
When we are awake we do the same thing as when we are dreaming: we first invent and create the people we are dealing with - and then forget it immediately. |
In revenge and in love, woman is more barbaric than man. |
Advice as riddle . ' - If the bond does not split, - then it first must be bit.' |
The abdomen is the reason why people are not so quick to consider themselves gods. |
The chastest saying I ever have heard: ' Dans le v'eritable amour c'est l'ame qui enveloppe le corps .' |
Our vanity would have it that the things we do best are the very things that are most difficult for us. On the origin of many morals. 'In true love, it is the soul that envelops the body.' Epigrams and entr'actes |
When a woman has scholarly inclinations, there is usually something wrong with her sexuality. Even sterility makes her prone to a certain masculinity of taste; man is, if you will, 'the sterile animal.' |
Comparing man and woman overall, you could say: woman would not have a genius for finery if she did not have an instinct for the secondary role. |
Whoever fights with monsters should see to it that he does not become one himself. And when you stare for a long time into an abyss, the abyss stares back into you. |
From old Florentine novellas: but also - from life: buona femmina e mala femmina vuol bastone . Sacchetti, Nov. . |
To seduce those nearest to you into a good opinion, and then credit the credibility of this opinion: who can equal women in this piece of art? - |
What an age perceives as evil is usually an untimely after-effect of something that used to be perceived as good - the atavism of an older ideal. 'Both good and bad women need the stick.' From Franco Sacchetti, Novelle (written in the late fourteenth century, but published in ). Around the hero everything turns into tr... |
Our strongest drives, the tyrants in us, subjugate not only our reason but our conscience as well., Epigrams and entr'actes = Our strongest drives, the tyrants in us, subjugate not only our reason but our conscience as well.. Our strongest drives, the tyrants in us, subjugate not only our reason but our conscience as w... |
about his ordinary traits.. Jesus said to his Jews: 'The law was for servants, - love God as I do, as his son! Why should we care about morals, we sons of God?' -, Epigrams and entr'actes = . , Epigrams and entr'actes = . , Epigrams and entr'actes = . This means 'neighbor' in the Biblical sense, which Nietzsche is (the... |
Regarding all parties sometimes he has to be the wether himself., Beyond Good and Evil = . - A shepherd always needs another bellwether, - or. Regarding all parties sometimes he has to be the wether himself., Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good and Evil = Lies co... |
..., Beyond Good and Evil = . , Beyond Good and Evil = Every once in a while, a love of humanity will inspire us to embrace. , Beyond Good and Evil = |
It is inhuman to bless where you are cursed. |
The confidences of our superiors enrage us because they cannot be reciprocated. - |
'I'm not upset because you lied to me, I'm upset because I don't believe you any more.' - |
Goodness has a high-spiritedness that looks like malice. |
'I dislike him.' - Why? - 'I'm no match for him.' - Has anyone ever given this sort of an answer? |
In Europe these days, moral sentiment is just as refined, late, multiple, sensitive, and subtle as the 'science of morals' (which belongs with it) is young, neophyte, clumsy, and crude: - an attractive contrast, and one that occasionally becomes visible, embodied in the person of the moralist himself. Considering what ... |
their surroundings, their class, their church, their Zeitgeist , their climate and region, - precisely because they were poorly informed (and not particularly eager to learn more) about peoples, ages, and histories, they completely missed out on the genuine problems involved in morality, problems that only emerge from ... |
pessimist? Spirit of the age. 'Harm no one, but rather help everyone as much as you can.' Schopenhauer's 'Preisschrift uber die Grundlage der Moral' (Prize Essay on the Basis of Morals), part two of Die beiden Grundprobleme der Ethik ( The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics )( ). The emphases are Nietzsche's. On the na... |
Apart from the value of claims like 'there is a categorical imperative in us,' the question remains: what do claims like this tell us about the people who make them? There are moralities that are supposed to justify their creator in the eyes of others, and other moralities that are supposed to calm him down and allow h... |
Every morality, as opposed to laisser-aller , is a piece of tyranny against both 'nature' and 'reason.' But this in itself is no objection; for that, we would have to issue yet another decree based on some other morality forbidding every sort of tyranny and unreason. What is essential and invaluable about every moralit... |
seriousness, it is not at all improbable that this is what is 'nature' and 'natural' - and not that laisser-aller ! Every artist knows how far removed this feeling of letting go is from his 'most natural' state, the free ordering, placing, disposing and shaping in the moment of 'inspiration' - he knows how strictly and... |
- this tyranny, this arbitrariness, this stern and grandiose stupidity has trained the spirit. Slavery, in both the crude and refined senses of the term, seems to be the indispensable means of disciplining and breeding even the spirit. We can look at every morality in the following way: whatever 'nature' it contains te... |
limited horizons and the closest tasks. It teaches a narrowing of perspective and so, in a certain sense, stupidity as a condition for life and growth. 'You should obey someone, anyone, and for a long time: or else you will deteriorate and lose all respect for yourself ' - this seems to me to be the moral imperative of... |
Theindustrious races find it extremely difficult to tolerate idleness: it was a stroke of genius on the part of the English instinct to spend Sundays in tedium with a te deum so that the English people would unconsciously lust for their week- and workdays. It is the same type of cleverly invented, cleverly interpolated... |
ThereissomethinginPlato's moral philosophy that does not really belong to him, but is there in spite of him, as it were: namely, the Socratism that Love as passion. |
he was really too noble for. 'Nobody wants to harm himself, and therefore everything bad happens involuntarily. The bad man brings harm to himself, and he would not do so if he knew badness was bad. Accordingly, people are bad only through error; if the error is removed, they will necessarily become - good.' - This typ... |
The old theological problem of 'faith' and 'knowledge' - or, to be more precise, of instinct and reason - and so, the question of whether, with respect to the value of things, the instincts deserve more authority than reason (reason wants some ground or 'what for?', some purpose or utility behind our values and actions... |
along with reason - we have to follow our instincts but persuade reason to come to their aid with good motives.' This was the genuine falseness of that great, secretive ironist; he made his conscience seem satisfied with a type of self-deceit. Basically, he had seen through to the irrationality of moral judgments. - Pl... |
Anyone who investigates the history of a particular science will find in its development a clue to understanding the oldest and most secret processes of all 'knowledge and cognition': there as here, rash hypotheses, fictions, the dumb good will to 'believe,' and a lack of mistrust and patience develop first - our sense... |
reader takes in all the individual words (or especially syllables) on a page (he catches maybe five out of twenty words and 'guesses' what these five arbitrary words might possibly mean) - just as little do we see a tree precisely and completely, with respect to leaves, branches, colors, and shape. We find it so much e... |
Quidquid luce fuit, tenebris agit : but vice versa too. What we experience in dreams, as long as we experience it often enough, ends up belonging to the total economy of our soul just as much as anything we have 'really' experienced. Such experiences make us richer or poorer, we have one need more or less, and finally,... |
Human diversity is apparent not only in the variety of people's tables of goods - which is to say the fact that they consider different goods worthwhile and that they disagree with each other as to the more or less of values, the rank order of commonly acknowledged goods: - diversity is much more evident in what they t... |
these fantasies they treat the needy like their own property, since they are helpful and charitable out of a desire for property. You will find them jealous if you cross them while they are being charitable, or beat them to it. Parents involuntarily make children into something similar to themselves and call it 'bringi... |
The Jews - a people 'born for slavery' as Tacitus and the entire ancient world say, 'the people chosen of all peoples' as they themselves say and think - the Jews have achieved that miraculous thing, an inversion of values, thanks to which life on earth has had a new and dangerous charm for several millennia: - their p... |
We infer the existence of innumerable dark bodies lying close to the sun, ones that we will never see. Between you and me, this is a parable; and a psychologist of morals will read the entire book of the stars only as a language of signs and parables in which much is left silent. |
You utterly fail to understand beasts of prey and men of prey (like Cesare Borgia), you fail to understand 'nature' if you are still looking for a Tacitus, Historiae ,V, . On the natural history of morals 'disease' at the heart of these healthiest of all tropical monsters and growths,orparticularly if you are looking f... |
All these morals directed at the individual person to promote what people call his 'happiness' - are they anything other than recommendations for constraint, in proportion to the degree of danger in which the individual person lives his life? or cures for his passions, his good and bad tendencies to the extent that the... |
For as long as there have been people, there have been herds of people as well (racial groups, communities, tribes, folk, states, churches), and a very large number of people who obey compared to relatively few who command. So, considering the fact that humanity has been the best and most long-standing breeding ground ... |
characteristics that make him tame, easy-going and useful to the herd as the true human virtues, namely: public spirit, goodwill, consideration, industry, moderation, modesty, clemency, and pity. But in those cases where people think they cannot do without a leader and bellwether, they keep trying to replace the comman... |
In an age of disintegration where the races are mixed together, a person will have the legacy of multiple lineages in his body, which means conflicting (and often not merely conflicting) drives and value standards that fight with each other and rarely leave each other alone. A man like this, of late cultures and refrac... |
Aslongasherdutility is the only utility governing moral value judgments, as long as the preservation of the community is the only thing in view and questions concerning immorality are limited to those things that seem to threaten the survival of the community; as long as this is the case, there cannot yet be a 'moralit... |
drives erupt in passion, driving the individual up and out and far above the average, over the depths of the herd conscience, the self-esteem of the community is Commonwealth. On the natural history of morals destroyed - its faith in itself, its backbone, as it were, is broken: as a result, these are the very drives th... |
Let us immediately repeat what we have already said a hundred times before, since there are no ready ears for such truths - for our truths these days. We know all too well how offensive it sounds when someone classifies human beings as animals, without disguises or allegory; and we are considered almost sinful for cons... |
moral judgments; and this includes the countries under Europe's influence. People in Europe clearly know what Socrates claimed not to know, and what that famous old snake once promised to teach, - people these days 'know' what is good and evil. Now it must sound harsh and strike the ear quite badly when we keep insisti... |
in their mistrust of punitive justice (as if it were a violation of those who are weaker, a wrong against the necessary Neither God nor master. On the natural history of morals result of all earlier societies -); but they are likewise united in the religion of pity, in sympathy for whatever feels, lives, suffers (down ... |
We who have a different faith -, we who consider the democratic movement to be not merely an abased form of political organization, but rather an abased (more specifically a diminished) form of humanity, a mediocritization and depreciation of humanity in value: where do we need to reach with our hopes? - Towards new ph... |
steel a conscience and transform a heart into bronze to bear the weight of a responsibility like this; and, on the other hand, the necessity of such leaders, the terrible danger that they could fail to appear or simply fail and degenerate - these are our real worries and dark clouds, do you know this, you free spirits?... |
At the risk that moralizing will prove once again to be what it always was (namely, an undismayed montrer ses plaies , in the words of Balzac), I will dare to speak out against an inappropriate and harmful shift in the rank order between science and philosophy; this shift has gone completely unnoticed and now threatens... |
mention from the most erudite and conceited scholars of all, the philologists and schoolmen, who are both by profession -). Sometimes it was the specialists and the pigeon-hole dwellers who instinctively resisted all synthetic tasks and skills; at other times it was the diligent workers who smelled the otium and the no... |
(in Germany, for instance, the two lions of Berlin: the anarchist Eugen Duhring and the amalgamist Eduard von Hartmann). And Leisure. |
especially those hodgepodge philosophers who call themselves 'philosophers of reality' or 'positivists' - just the sight of them is enough to instill a dangerous mistrust in the soul of an ambitious young scholar. They are, at best, scholars and specialists themselves - you can just feel it! They have all been defeated... |
There are so many different kinds of dangers involved in the development of a philosopher these days that it can be doubted whether this fruit is still capable of ripening at all. The height and width of the tower of science have grown to be so monstrously vast that the philosopher is that much more likely to become ex... |
spirits, in short, a seducer. In the end, this is a question of taste, even if it is not a question of conscience. And just to double the philosopher's difficulties again, there is the additional fact that he demands a judgment of himself, a Yes or a No, not about science but about life and the value of life. It is onl... |
Compared to a genius, which is to say: compared to a being that either begets or gives birth (taking both words in their widest scope -), the scholar, the average man of science, is somewhat like an old maid. Like her, he has no expertise in the two most valuable acts performed by humanity. And, as a sort of compensati... |
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