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brown - squard syndrome ( bss ) , which occurs due to dysfunction of the spinothalamic tract , typically reflects the hemisection of the spinal cord at the cervical or thoracic level .
the syndrome mainly occurs as a result of penetrating trauma , syringomyelia , hematomyelia , tumor , severe discs , or blunt trauma ... | there are few reports in the literature of complete obstruction of the vertebral artery ( va ) due to an electric screw driver bit penetration through the neural foramen into the spinal canal with brown - squard syndrome ( bss ) .
a 25-year - old man was admitted to the emergency department with a penetrated neck inj... |
vogt - koyanagi - harada disease ( vkh ) is a granulomatous inflammatory disorder affecting the eyes , auditory system , meninges , and skin [ 1 , 2 ] .
it is one of the most common causes of uveitis in asia and accounts for approximately 16% of all uveitis cases in china .
clinically , vkh is divided into four sta... | purpose . to characterize the optical coherence tomography ( oct ) findings in late - stage vogt - koyanagi - harada ( vkh ) disease and its correlation with visual function
. methods .
the records of patients with late - stage vkh disease ( defined as 12 months from disease onset ) were retrospectively reviewed . ... |
over the past decade , protein separation techniques and peptide analysis by mass spectrometry have greatly improved , and qualitative and quantitative proteome comparisons have become powerful tools for defining the composition of complex proteomes and the functions of protein complexes.(1 ) current ion trap mass spec... | in - depth , reproducible coverage of complex proteomes is challenging because the complexity of tryptic digests subjected to lc - ms / ms analysis frequently exceeds mass spectrometer analytical capacity , which results in undersampling of data . in this study
, we used cancer cell lysates to systematically compare ... |
there is increasing evidence of a clear genetic link between the phenotypic characteristics of dogs and adverse drug reactions .
the fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have become increasingly promising regarding the clinical application of genetic data to aid in prevention of adverse reactions , predict... | the fields of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics have become increasingly promising regarding the clinical application of genetic data to aid in prevention of adverse reactions .
specific screening tests can predict which animals express modified proteins or genetic sequences responsible for adverse effects associ... |
the emergency department ( ed ) is known to be one of the most congested units in any hospital that faces greater pressure in terms of patient load and health care resources as compared to other departments of the health care system .
studies across various countries reported that quality of care decreases when the e... | background : emergency department ( ed ) of tertiary health care institute in india is mostly overcrowded , over utilized and inappropriately staffed .
the challenges of overcrowded eds and ill - managed patient flow and admission processes result in excessively long waits for patients.aim:the objective of the presen... |
primary intracystic squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) in the breast is an extremely rare neoplasm .
primary sccs in the breast are quite rare , although scc mixed with ductal carcinoma is more common .
it can arise from metaplastic epithelium associated with other primary malignancy of the breast , metastasis from pr... | primary intracystic squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) of the breast is an extremely rare entity and has a low incidence in comparison with other breast cancers .
we report a rare case of primary intracystic scc in a 45-year - old woman who presented with a cystic lump in the right breast .
cytological smears of the f... |
translating empirically validated treatments into routine clinical practice is an essential activity that requires a multitude of factors to be addressed . for any given disorder ,
some of these factors include the type of patients being treated , the setting in which treatment is delivered ( including the funding ar... | the effectiveness among inpatients with depression of a modified cognitive behavior therapy ( cbt ) program was examined .
a group of 300 inpatient admissions with a primary diagnosis of depression attending a private psychiatric clinic were assessed at the beginning and end of a two - week cbt program .
the effect... |
retinal vein occlusion ( rvo ) is an obstruction of the retinal venous system , it has an abrupt onset and is an important cause of visual morbidity .
retinal vein occlusions constitute the second most common cause of retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy , with a prevalence of between 1% and 2% in pers... | retinal vein occlusion ( rvo ) is an obstruction of the retinal venous system , and macular edema ( me ) is a complication of rvo that can lead to blindness .
the canadian incidence of visual impairment ( vi ) due to me secondary to rvo is unknown .
this observational , retrospective study used records from the sou... |
it has been well documented in medical literature that diabetes management during ramadan fasting poses challenges to the treating physician ; and pre - ramadan diabetes assessment , evaluations , and diabetes education are important for successful management.1 this is because unplanned diabetes management during ramad... | diabetes management during ramadan fasting is challenging to the physician in terms of minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia .
as compared to oral hypoglycemic agents ( ohas ) and sulfonylureas ( sus ) , which carry a higher and significant risk of hypoglycemia , newer antidiabetic agents such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4... |
pseudoprogression ( pspd ) and pseudoresponse ( psr ) following anticancer therapy are major areas of controversy in the management of high - grade glioma . in the era of temozolomide , discrimination of pspd and true progression of high - grade glioma after concurrent radiochemotherapy ( crt ) with conventional magnet... | objectivewe evaluated pseudoprogression ( pspd ) following radiation therapy combined with concurrent temozolomide ( tmz ) , and we assessed pseudoresponse following anti - angiogenic therapy for patients with recurrent disease using the response assessment of the neuro - oncology working group.methodspatients who were... |
the fontan procedure is used to separate the systemic and pulmonary circulations in patients with various forms of functionally univentricular hearts . in the fontan circulation
, systemic venous return is sent to the pulmonary arteries without passage through a ventricle .
the fontan procedure can result in variou... | a 29-year - old woman who underwent the fontan procedure at 10 years of age had an incidental finding of liver masses on abdominal ultrasonography .
subsequent gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid magnetic resonance imaging showed a 15 mm hypervascular mass with washout in the hepatobiliary pha... |
this case describes a young non - pregnant cat that presented with uterine prolapse in association with an unusual diffuse , polypoid , fibrosing perimetritis and parametritis .
no intra - abdominal complications were seen on ultrasound examination 3 months postsurgery . at the time of writing ,
uterine prolapse in... | case summarythis case describes a young non - pregnant cat that presented with uterine prolapse in association with an unusual diffuse , polypoid , fibrosing perimetritis and parametritis .
following ovariohysterectomy the cat recovered fully .
no intra - abdominal complications were seen on ultrasound examination ... |
some gram - negative bacteria could express extensive multidrug resistance and significantly increase the rate of nosocomial infections in the hospital ( 1 ) . among these bacteria
previous studies showed that a. baumannii was already an emerging pathogen in the respiratory tract , wounds , blood and urine ( 3 ) .
... | background : acinetobacter baumannii is the most prevalent strain in hospitals and different clinical departments.objectives:the current study aimed to investigate the genetic characteristics and resistance mechanisms of a. baumannii isolated from clinical samples in shaoxing people s hospital affiliated to zhejiang un... |
high phosphorus ( p ) intake is known as one of the risk factors for impaired bone health .
several researchers have investigated the adverse effects of a high p diet on bone metabolism . in human adults ,
a diet containing p additives increases urinary hydroxyproline excretion , a bone resorption marker . in growi... | in this study , the effects of high phosphorus ( p ) diet on bone metabolism - related gene expression were investigated in young and aged mice .
twelve- and 80-week - old ddy male mice were divided into two groups , respectively , and fed a control diet containing 0.3% p or a high p diet containing 1.2% p. after 4 w... |
despite advancements in modern medical science and the health management industry , the
incidence of cerebral palsy ( cp ) continues to rise1 .
the most common features of cp are decreased muscle strength and
abnormal muscle tone2 .
cp sufferers lack
theability to generate enough force to maintain antigravity... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in symmetry of
sitting posture between typical developmental ( td ) children and hemi - cerebral palsy ( cp )
children .
[ subjects and methods ] a school chair mounted on a force platform was used to
assess the quiet - sitting pressure di... |
bioethanol is one of the most employed liquid biofuels due to the easy adaptability of this fuel to existing engines and because this is a cleaner fuel with higher octane rating than gasoline .
ethanol market grew from less than a billion liters in 1975 to more than 39 billion liters in 2006 and is expected to reach ... | a statistical model was developed in this study to describe bioethanol production through a batch fermentation process of sugarcane molasses by locally isolated saccharomyces cerevisiae y-39 .
response surface methodology rsm based on central composite face centered design ccfd was employed to statistically evaluate ... |
in 1989 , caffe et al . published a method for organ culture in which the neuroretina was placed with the photoreceptor layer facing downward on rafts made of nitrocellulose filters and polyamide gauze grids .
since then , mammalian retinal organ cultures have been commonly used to research retinal physiology and p... | purposeto develop and standardize a novel organ culture model using porcine central neuroretina explants and rpe cells separated by a cell culture membrane.methodsrpe cells were isolated from porcine eyes , expanded , and seeded on the bottom of cell culture inserts .
neuroretina explants were obtained from the area ... |
ectopic kidney is a relatively rare renal anomaly however , an endourologist does encounter stone disease in an ectopic kidney occasionally .
factors such as anomalous blood vessels and tortuous ureter with high insertion can lead to poor drainage and predisposition to the formation of renal calculi in these patients... | management of stone disease in an ectopic kidney is challenging .
laparoscopy or ultrasound guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intra - renal surgery are the preferred techniques for these stones .
we performed ultrasound guided microperc using a 16 g needle for the management of renal calculi in pel... |
intra - radicular posts are commonly used to restore endodontically treated teeth if their
remaining coronal tissue could no longer provide adequate support and retention for the
restoration .
although the use
of prefabricated posts has gained popularity , for several years
custom cast dowel and core has been... | objectivethe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of simulated periodontal ligament
( spdl ) on custom cast dowel and core removal by ultrasonic vibration.material and methodsthirty - two human maxillary canines were included in resin cylinders with or
without spdl made from polyether impression material . ... |
human metapneumovirus ( hmpv ) is an rna virus in the pneumovirinae subfamily of the paramyxoviridae family that was first isolated in the netherlands in 2001 and has subsequently been identified worldwide .
it has been implicated as a significant cause of hospitalization for young children , second only to respirato... | human metapneumovirus ( hmpv ) is a recently discovered virus that causes respiratory illness in children that can lead to hospitalization .
our study was undertaken to further understand hmpv - associated illness , compare clinical characteristics of hmpv and respiratory syncytial virus ( rsv ) , and establish the u... |
recent whole transcriptome studies have revealed that about three quarters of the human genome is capable of being transcribed , while protein - coding regions account for just 2% of the genome ( 13 ) .
therefore , the vast majority of transcribed sequences do not encode proteins , and are called non - coding rna ( n... | noncode ( http://www.bioinfo.org/noncode/ ) is an interactive database that aims to present the most complete collection and annotation of non - coding rnas , especially long non - coding rnas ( lncrnas ) .
the recently reduced cost of rna sequencing has produced an explosion of newly identified data .
revolutionar... |
the chemical modification of proteins
is an established tool for
studying the structure , function , and regulation of this class of
biopolymer .
moreover , in recent years ,
a great deal of effort has been directed toward the modification of
proteins for therapeutic applications .
traditionally , protein... | chemically modified proteins are invaluable tools for
studying
the molecular details of biological processes , and they also hold
great potential as new therapeutic agents .
several methods have been
developed for the site - specific modification of proteins , one of the
most widely used being expressed pro... |
ameloblastoma is a benign but locally aggressive neoplasm of the odontogenic epithelium.1 accounting for 11% of all odontogenic tumors , ameloblastoma is the most common odontogenic neoplasm affecting the jaws , yet it only accounts for 1% of all tumors of the maxilla and mandible.24 the average age of patients present... | this case report describes the combined surgical , orthodontic and prosthodontic rehabilitation of an adult female patient with a previous history of follicular ameloblastoma , which was treated through partial mandibulectomy and an immediate replacement of missing bone with an autologous calvarial bone graft .
ortho... |
the laparoscopic removal of a cervical stump following a supra cervical ( subtotal ) hysterectomy was first described by nezhat et al , and they concluded that the cervical stump could be removed laparoscopically by an experienced surgeon .
the advantages of the laparoscopic approach included possible stump adhesioly... | a 43-year - old , who underwent a subtotal hysterectomy for postpartum hemorrhage following a normal delivery , 10 years ago , presented with a history of persistent vaginal discharge and post - coital bleeding .
a pap smear reported moderate dysplasia , and a subsequent colposcopic biopsy reported severe dysplasia w... |
biological membranes are mainly composed of phospholipids , sphingolipids , cholesterol , and membrane - associated proteins . these molecules are nonhomogeneously distributed in membranes and can rearrange , leading to the formation of membrane domains with highly differentiated molecular compositions and supramolec... | glycosphingolipids ( gsls ) are composed of hydrophobic ceramide and hydrophilic sugar chains .
gsls cluster to form membrane microdomains ( lipid rafts ) on plasma membranes , along with several kinds of transducer molecules , including src family kinases and small g proteins .
however , gsl - mediated biological ... |
stimulated by the promise of mechanically interlocked molecular architectures with potential employment in future nanotechnological applications such as in the development of molecular machines and switches , the interest being shown in their construction is ever increasing .
rotaxane and catenane species can also , ... | we report the preparation of [ 2]rotaxanes containing an electrochemically and optically active osmium(ii ) bipyridyl macrocyclic component mechanically bonded with cationic pyridinium axles .
such interlocked host systems are demonstrated to recognise and sense anionic guest species as shown by 1h nmr , luminescence... |
fatty acids ( fas ) , the components of phospholipids in organelle and cellular membranes , play important biological roles by maintaining or processing membrane protein function or fluidity.1 in addition , fas modulate vascular inflammation , a key mechanism of atherosclerosis , cerebral small vessel pathologies , and... | background and purposealterations in blood fatty acid ( fa ) composition are associated with cardiovascular diseases .
we investigated whether plasma fa composition was related to stroke severity and functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke patients.methodswe prospectively enrolled 156 patients with first - episod... |
prediction of mandibular growth pattern ( mgp ) plays an important role in orthodontic treatment planning ; it is critical when managing the development of dentofacial structures .
different methods have been introduced for predicting mgp and assessing , symphyseal morphology is one of them .
ricketts and others st... | background : this study sought to assess symphyseal morphology in adolescents with different mandibular growth patterns ( mgps ) in order to see if a relation exists.materials and methods : in this study the symphyseal parameters ( height , depth , and ratio ) of normal subjects were compared with four groups with malo... |
established in 2003 , erste foundation has a history stretching back 190 years to the year 1819 when it was founded as the erste sterreichische spar casse in vienna .
rooted in our history as a social enterprise and financial service provider , erste foundation recognises that contemporary society faces huge challeng... | introductionestablished in 2003 , erste foundation has a history stretching back 190 years to the year 1819 when it was founded as the erste sterreichische spar casse in vienna .
rooted in our history as a social enterprise and financial service provider , erste foundation recognises that contemporary society faces h... |
in modern nursing , nurses are expected to deliver holistic care , taking into account patients biological , psychosocial , and spiritual needs .
however , formal nursing programs in iran follow a biomedical approach that focuses mainly on medical problems.[35 ] these formal education programs focus on the transfer o... | background : nursing education is both formal and informal .
formal education represents only a small part of all the learning involved ; and many students learn more effectively through informal processes .
there is little information about nursing student informal education and how it affects their character and ... |
the in vitro ageing of human diploid fibroblasts ( hdfs ) , first described by hayflick and moorhead , has become a classical experimental model to study cellular ageing .
hdfs have a limited ability to divide when cultured in vitro . normally after about 50 cell divisions ,
hdfs enter a state of irreversib... | this study determined the molecular mechanisms of tocotrienol - rich fraction ( trf ) in preventing cellular senescence of human diploid fibroblasts ( hdfs ) .
primary culture of hdfs at various passages were incubated with 0.5 mg / ml trf for 24 h. telomere shortening with decreased telomerase activity was observed... |
young , healthy organisms strive to maintain their proteome in a functional state through the tight control of rates of protein synthesis , folding , and degradation .
extensive quality - control systems are set up throughout the cell to prevent and manage protein damage .
as the organism ages , these control mecha... | summarylow - complexity prion - like domains in key rna - binding proteins ( rbps ) mediate the reversible assembly of rna granules .
individual rbps harboring these domains have been linked to specific neurodegenerative diseases .
although their aggregation in neurodegeneration has been extensively characterized... |
hearing loss is a significant public health concern given the deleterious effects that untreated hearing impairment may have on overall physical and cognitive wellbeing.1 , 2 the hearing health foundation reports that nearly 50 million americans have hearing loss.3 sensorineural hearing losses generally have a highf... | objectives / hypothesisto evaluate the safety and efficacy of acoustic and electric sound processing for individuals with significant residual lowfrequency hearing and severetoprofound highfrequency sensorineural hearing loss.study designprospective , singlearm repeated measures , singlesubject design.methodsfifty indi... |
canine visceral leishmaniasis ( cvl ) is an infectious disease transmitted by sand flies and caused by leishmania infantum ( 1 ) .
it is a zoonotic endemic disease in most of the mediterranean area , asia , and latin america ( 2 , 3 ) . in iran
the prevalence of cvl in various parts of iran is different and it is c... | background : there are several methods , such as vaccination , to control visceral leishmaniasis .
although there is no efficient vaccine , it seem dna vaccination with stimulates both cellular and humoral immunity apparently is the best way .
the aim of this study was cloning and expression of lack gene , a 36kd p... |
arterial stiffness is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) , which can potentially increase the risk of morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases ( cvd ) .
the brachial - ankle pulse wave velocity ( bapwv ) is a non - invasive technique often used clinically for assessme... | backgroundwhile conventional cardiovascular risk factors and certain lifestyle habits are associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) , it is still unknown whether they are actually associated with arterial stiffness even after adjustment for conventional cardiovascular risk f... |
we began our investigation of what high reliability might mean for health care by analyzing what is known about how highly reliable organizations function .
weick and sutcliffe provide the most compelling depiction of how high - reliability organizations ( hros ) stay safe .
they describe an environment of collect... | contextdespite serious and widespread efforts to improve the quality of health care , many patients still suffer preventable harm every day .
hospitals find improvement difficult to sustain , and they suffer project fatigue because so many problems need attention .
no hospitals or health systems have achieved con... |
acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ( agep ) is a rare acute reaction that is drug - induced in 90% of the cases , characterized by a widespread , sterile pustular rash .
cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat febrile neutropenia , severe infections related to the urinary tract ... | acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis ( agep ) is a rare cutaneous rash characterized by widespread sterile nonfollicular pustules .
cefepime is a fourth generation cephalosporin , used to treat severe infections .
a 67-year - old man was admitted with acute gastroenterocolitis . on the seventh day
, the pat... |
paediatric age at the time of diagnosis represents a negative prognostic factor for keratoconus progression , with increased probability of corneal transplant .
particularly younger patients represent a population at high risk for more rapid progression of the disease [ 1 , 2 ] .
the long - term results reported in... | purpose . to report a comparative prospective long - term functional analysis after riboflavin uv a corneal cross - linking ( cxl ) in three different age groups of patients affected by progressive keratoconus ( kc ) . methods . functional analysis
comprised paediatric patients ( 18 years ) included 152 eyes ( 29.5% ... |
rufinamide ( ruf ) is a triazole derivative that is structurally unrelated to other antiepileptic drugs ( aed).1 it was approved by the united states , food and drug administration ( fda ) in 2004 for the treatment of lennox - gastaut syndrome ( lgs ) in patients aged 4 years and older.2 ruf was authorized for the same... | background and purpose : rufinamide ( ruf ) is a novel antiepileptic drug ( aed ) and its efficacy has been proven in lennox - gastaut syndrome ( lgs ) . however , there is a lack of data regarding the efficacy in pediatric intractable epilepsies other than lgs .
the purpose of the study was to explore the efficacy a... |
cluster headache is a form of primary neurovascular headache , which consists of unilateral head pain that occurs in association with cranial autonomic features and , in most patients , has a striking circannual and circadian periodicity .
excruciating painful attacks are accompanied by restlessness or agitation , us... | cluster headache ( ch ) consists of attacks of severe , unilateral orbital / supraorbital / temporal pain , lasting for 15180 min , occurring once or more times a day , and associated with ipsilateral conjunctival injection , lacrimation and other symptoms .
cataract is clouding of the lens of the eye causing a prog... |
obesity is not only a risk factor for cancer development but also a factor affecting treatment outcomes .
endometrial cancer ( ec ) was the first malignancy to be recognized as related to obesity .
it has been associated with lower quality of life values among ec survivors and higher body mass index ( bmi ) , measu... | purposeassociation between body mass index ( bmi ) and doses in organs at risk during postoperative vaginal cuff brachytherapy ( vcb ) treatment has not been evaluated .
the aim of this study was to analyse the impact of bmi on the dose delivered to bladder and rectum during high - dose - rate vcb using computed tomo... |
hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) is an important risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) ( 1 ) .
hcc is the fifth most common cancer worldwide , and it causes significant public health problems , especially in association with chronic hepatitis b ( 2 ) .
morphologic lesions during hepatocarcinogenesis ... | backgroundthe most common cause of liver transplantation in iran is hepatitis b positive cirrhosis , and it also one of the major and important causes of hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) .
most cases with hcc follow a multistep sequence .
morphologic lesions during hepatocarcinogenesis include dysplastic lesions an... |
dry eye disease ( ded ) continues to present clinicians with a diagnostic dilemma , primarily due to its multiple causative factors . as a result of the disease s complexity
, there is currently no test or set of tests considered a gold standard for its diagnosis and monitoring . without such a diagnostic standard ... | objectiveto evaluate the evidence in the peer - reviewed literature regarding the use of tear osmolarity as a physiological marker to diagnose , grade severity , and track therapeutic response in dry eye disease ( ded ) .
in addition , to review the evidence for the role of tear osmolarity in the pathophysiology of d... |
anemia , which can be defined as hemoglobin less than 13 g / dl or hematocrit less than 36% , is a relatively common preoperative finding .
approximately one third of patients are anemic before they undergo joint arthroplasty , with baseline hemoglobin levels between 10 and 13 g / dl . in veterans undergoing noncardi... | preoperative anemia in a surgical patient predisposes to poor outcomes and allogeneic blood transfusions . as an alternative to transfusions , pharmacologic management of preoperative anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin ( rhuepo )
has been well studied in many different types of surgery .
rhuepo , when use... |
curcumin,1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxypheny l)- 1- 6- heptadiene- 3 , 5-dione , commonly known as diferuloylmethane , is the yellow pigment component of the curry or turmeric ( curcuma longa ) ( 1 ) .
turmeric extracts have been extensively used for the treatment of several diseases in ayurvedic medicine in india for s... | backgroundcurcumin has shown to affect sperm motility and function in vitro and fertility in vivo .
the molecular mechanism(s ) by which curcumin affects sperm motility has not been delineated . since modulation of intracellular ph ( phi ) and
plasma membrane polarization is involved in sperm motility , the present... |
the incidence of splenic abscess is a clinically uncommon disease with current literature reporting a 0.140.7% occurrence rate [ 1 , 2 ] .
although splenic abscesses are a clinical rarity , they have the potential to be fatal .
the presentation of this disease is often vague and insidious including left upper quadr... | we encountered a case of ruptured splenic abscess presenting as peritonitis and pneumoperitoneum .
our patient did not have an underlying neoplasm nor was she immunosuppressed . in our case ,
splenectomy was the treatment of choice in combination with antibiotics , which proved to be a good outcome for the patient ... |
squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck ( scchn ) is the fifth most common neoplasm with an estimated annual global incidence of more than 500,000 cases diagnosed worldwide .
the treatment is usually interdisciplinary and mainly involves surgeons , radiation oncologists , medical oncologists , clinical nurse spe... | purpose . to compare the impact of prognostic factors of patients treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy versus patients treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the oro- and hypopharynx . patients and methods .
162 patients treated with definitive radiotherapy and 126 p... |
measures of intellectual abilities and vocabulary , the crystallized abilities , are more resistant , to age effects than fluid abilities , such as attention and executive functions .
memory functions seem most affected , particularly those related to source memory ( episodic or explicit ) .
women perform b... | gender and aging moderate brain - behavior relationships . advances in neuroscience enable integration of neurobehavioral , neuroanatomic , and neurophysiology measures .
here we present neurobehavioral studies thai examine cognitive and emotion processing in healthy men and women and highlight the effects of sex dif... |
the purpose of this process is to destroy and remove the injurious agents and injured tissues , thereby promoting tissue repair .
when this beneficial response occurs in an uncontrolled manner , the result is excessive cellular / tissue damage that results in chronic inflammation and destruction of normal tissue .
... | in respiratory diseases , there is an increased expression of multiple inflammatory proteins in the respiratory tract , including cytokines , chemokines , and adhesion molecules .
chemokines have been shown to regulate inflammation and immune cell differentiation . moreover ,
many of the known inflammatory target p... |
polycystic liver disease is a condition characterized by the presence of multiple cysts in the liver , which may be inherited or sporadic , and most cases of adult polycystic liver disease ( apld ) are related to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ( adpkd ) . in 1964 ,
there have been some reports , till da... | we report a case of multiple gastric carcinomas associated with potter type iii cystic disease of the liver , mesenterium and kidney .
a 65-year - old man with chronic renal failure due to polycystic kidneys and under hemodialysis treatment 3 times a week for 2 years was admitted to our hospital because of anemia .
... |
canaliculitis is a common encounter in ophthalmic practice but supernumerary puncta and canaliculi ( spc ) are rare congenital disorders . in a large series
a 59-year - old gentleman presented with painful swelling of the left lower lid for a week , which was associated with epiphora .
the swelling was confined to ... | we report the first case of supernumerary puncta and canaliculi presented with canaliculitis .
a-59 year - old gentleman presented with painful swelling of the left lower lid for a week , which was associated with epiphora .
the swelling was confined to the nasal aspect of the left lower lid ( 0.50.5 mm ) with infl... |
mypro is a software pipeline for high - quality prokaryotic genome assembly and annotation .
it was validated on 18 oral streptococcal strains to produce submission - ready , annotated draft genomes .
mypro installed as a virtual machine and supported by updated databases will enable biologists to perform quality p... | |
diabetes imposes a large economic burden on the individual , national healthcare systems , and countries.[15 ] healthcare expenditures due to diabetes account for 11% of the total healthcare expenditures in the world in 2011 .
estimated global healthcare expenditures to treat diabetes and prevent complications totale... | background : diabetes imposes a large economic burden on the individual , national healthcare systems , and countries.objective:to determine the economic impact of diabetes mellitus on saudi healthcare system , both now and in the future.materials and methods : this research study uses a prevalence - based approach tha... |
the prospective study of pravastatin in the elderly at risk ( prosper ) was a prospective multicenter randomized placebo - controlled trial to assess whether treatment with pravastatin diminishes the risk of major cardiovascular events in the elderly ( 12,13 ) . between december 1997 and may 1999
, a total of 5,804 p... | objectiveto investigate the relationship between fasting glucose levels , insulin resistance , and cognitive impairment in old age .
diabetes is associated with cognitive impairment in older people . however ,
the link between elevated fasting glucose levels and insulin resistance in nondiabetic individuals , and t... |
as mentioned in the report of the national eye institute , dry eye is a disorder of the tear film due to tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation , which causes damage to the interpalpebral ocular surface , and is associated with symptoms of ocular discomfort . since contact lenses disrupt the integrity of the tea... | purpose . this study aimed to evaluate outcomes from the use of a sodium hyaluronate ( sh)-based comfort drop , instilled before the insertion of contact lenses , in a population of symptomatic contact lens wearers
. methods .
this was a cross - over , open - label , multi - sites study .
subjects were fitted wit... |
we are grateful for financial support from the industrial source technology development program of the ministry of knowledge economy ( 10044909 ) , the next - generation biogreen 21 program ( ssac grant # pj01111803 ) , rda , and the kribb initiative program of south korea . | abstractbacterial volatiles protect plants either by directly inhibiting a pathogenic fungus or by improving the defense capabilities of plants .
the effect of bacterial volatiles on fungal growth was dose - dependent .
a low dosage did not have a noticeable effect on botrytis cinerea growth and development , but w... |
surgical intervention for corneal perforation is indicated when the anterior chamber does not reform within a short period of time .
herein , we report the successful management of a small paracentral corneal perforation using autologous iris incarceration and tissue adhesive .
a 41-year - old man developed a small... | backgroundsurgical intervention for corneal perforation is indicated when the anterior chamber does not reform within a short period of time .
herein , we report the successful management of a small paracentral corneal perforation using autologous iris incarceration and tissue adhesive.casea 41-year - old man develop... |
it has long been recognized that psychiatric disorders and symptoms aggregate in families and the evidence for a substantial role for genetic factors is incontrovertible .
genetic epidemiological studies of autism , bipolar disorder and schizophrenia show that the risk of developing one of these specific psychiatric ... | there is strong evidence that genetic factors make substantial contributions to the etiology of autism , schizophrenia and bipolar disorders , with heritability estimates being at least 80% for each .
these illnesses have complex inheritance , with multiple genetic and environmental factors influencing disease risk ;... |
fever is a common reason for seeking medical attention and accounts for more than 20% of emergency department visits.1 many mothers and caregivers have perceived phobia associated with their child 's fever for reasons that include serious infection , seizure , brain damage and death.2 paediatricians have regularly advi... | background : many mothers still rely on palpation to determine if their children have fever at home before deciding to seek medical attention or administer self - medications .
this study was carried out to determine the accuracy of subjective assessment of fever by nigerian mothers in under-5 children.patients and m... |
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ( pdac ) represents the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide , with an incidence of approximately 217,000 new cases each year nearly matched by 213,000 deaths ( parkin et al . , 2001 ) .
several of the most frequent genetic events underlying the initiation and progressi... | chromosomal instability is a hallmark of human cancer cells , but its role in carcinogenesis remains poorly resolved .
insights into this role have emerged from studies on the tumour suppressor brca2 , whose inactivation in human cancers causes chromosomal instability through the loss of essential functions of the br... |
central venous catheters ( cvc ) are often used in the intensive care unit ( icu ) for monitoring and treatment of critically ill patients to provide long - term venous access . however
, their use may result in nosocomial catheter - related bloodstream infection ( crbsi ) .
the estimated number of crbsi is approxi... | backgroundcatheter - related bloodstream infection ( crbsi ) is a life - threatening condition encountered in patients with long - term central venous catheter ( cvc ) indwelling .
the objective was to investigate the clinical characteristics , treatment , and prognosis of crbsi in the intensive care unit ( icu ) in ... |
there is a critical need to develop potent
and selective therapeutic
agents capable of targeting malignant tissue without compromising
normal cell viability .
while chemotherapeutic agents ( e.g. , doxorubicin
and docetaxel ) remain widely used in the clinic , they lack inherent
selectivity desired to limit... | the
androgen receptor ( ar ) is a major therapeutic target in prostate
cancer pharmacology .
progression of prostate cancer has been linked
to elevated expression of ar in malignant tissue , suggesting that
ar plays a central role in prostate cancer cell biology .
potent therapeutic
agents can be precisel... |
for patients with acute coronary syndrome ( acs ) , the key to increased survival and the preservation of myocardial function is rapid diagnosis followed by appropriate early intervention , which will enable timely management strategies and intervention to be carried out .
delays at any level of management , from the... | introductionthe v - quick patch template system is compared with the standard 12-lead electrocardiogram ( ecg ) acquisition technique in this paper . the objectives of the study were : ( a ) to study and compare the time taken to produce the printed 12-lead ecg and ( b ) to look at the level of agreement when the ecgs ... |
phrynoderma , meaning toad skin , is a type of follicular keratosis coined and described by nocholls in 1933 .
various nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin ( vit ) a , vit b - complex , vit e and essential fatty acid ( efa ) deficiency , as well as protein - calorie malnutrition have been suggested as possible et... | background : phrynoderma is a type of follicular hyperkeratosis .
various nutritional deficiency disorders have been implicated in the etiology of phrynoderma.aim:to determine clinical features of phrynoderma and its association with nutritional deficiency signs.materials and methods : a cross - sectional descriptive... |
dieulafoy lesion is an aberrant submucosal vessel that lies in close contact with the mucous membrane , which may lead to its exposure , causing massive gastrointestinal ( gi ) bleeding.1 it is the cause of approximately 6% of upper gi bleeding.2 it is most commonly found in the proximal stomach and especially within 6... | ileal dieulafoy lesion is an unusual vascular abnormality that can cause gastrointestinal bleeding .
it can be associated with massive , life - threatening hemorrhage and requires urgent angiographic intervention or surgery .
ileal dieulafoy lesion is hard to recognize due to inaccessibility and normal - appearing ... |
obesity stigma and negative stereotypes of obese people are widespread and damaging to the health , dignity , human rights , and quality of life of obese individuals .
standard media and biomedical depictions of obese individuals contribute to this stigmatization by positing that obesity incidence is nearly entirely ... | obesity is viewed as a major public health concern , and obesity stigma is pervasive .
such marginalization renders obese persons a special population .
weight bias arises in part due to popular sources ' attribution of obesity causation to individual lifestyle factors .
this may not accurately reflect the exper... |
celiac disease ( cd ) is a common autoimmune disorder estimated to affect approximately 1% of the us population .
many studies have evaluated methods for identifying high - risk populations of patients in need of proactive screening for case identification . as with many chronic diseases ,
quality improvement appro... | background : celiac disease ( cd ) is a common autoimmune disorder .
efficient identification of patients may improve chronic management of the disease .
prior studies have shown searching international classification of diseases-9 ( icd-9 ) codes alone is inaccurate for identifying patients with cd . in this study... |
the possible presence of infection in cervical smear tests is usually reported by the cytologists based on cytological criteria
. therefore , non - specific cervicitis or inflammatory changes in a smear report are common .
these findings are usually unclear for clinical approaches and there is not an appropriate gu... | objectivenon - specific cervicitis or inflammatory changes in a smear report are common which are usually unclear for clinical approaches . to investigate the frequency of inflammation and pathogenic vaginal microorganisms in cervical smears among an iranian population sample.materials and methodsthis cross - sectional... |
brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus brucella and is listed in class b animal epidemics by the world organization for animal health ( oie ) .
the genus has six classic species : b. abortus , b. melitensis , b. suis , b. canis , b. ovis and b. neotomae .
recently , the marine s... | a study was conducted in order to evaluate the contamination by brucella spp . of meat from animals slaughtered because they had resulted positive for brucellosis at some time during their life .
after slaughter and before delivery to market outlets , swab samples were taken from 307 carcasses of infected animals : 4... |
behet 's disease ( bd ) is a chronic inflammatory disease that is characterized by recurrent oral and genital ulceration and uveitis1 ) , the other clinical manifestations include skin lesions , arthritis , thrombosis , neurologic symptoms and intestinal ulceration .
polychondritis is known as a rare complication of ... | polychondritis is an inflammatory disorder that affects various catilagenous structures , and the clinical features include auricular , nasal and respiratory tract chondritis .
it also involves the eyes , audiovestibular apparatus , joints and vascular structures .
polychondritis can be associated with several rheu... |
before discussing the methodology , a detailed understanding of finite element method and its significance is essential . the basic idea in finite element method is to find the solution for a complicated problem by replacing it by a simpler one . in finite element method , the actual continuum or body of the matter
t... | aim : the aim of this study is to evaluate the center of resistance of maxillary incisors during simultaneous intrusion and retraction.subjects and methods : in this study , the following steps were employed namely , ( 1 ) preprocessing - the creation of geometric model , mesh generation and boundary conditions .
( 2... |
the study protocol was approved by the animal care and use committee of juntendo university .
male c57bl/6 mice ( 7 weeks old ) were purchased from oriental yeast ( tokyo , japan ) and housed in specific pathogen
deficient ( apoe ) mice ( 6 weeks old ) were purchased from the jackson laboratory ( bar harbor , me ) ... | objectiveexogenous administration of glucagon - like peptide-1 ( glp-1 ) or glp-1 receptor agonists such as an exendin-4 has direct beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system .
however , their effects on atherosclerogenesis have not been elucidated .
the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of glp-... |
disability prevalence increases with advanced age , and disability in the elderly population is a major public health problem .
this is especially crucial for chinese : there are 88 million persons aged 65 and above in china alone , and the number is projected to increase to 341 million in 2050 ; importantly , disabi... | objective . we aimed to examine the independent contributions of physical health and cognitive function to disability among chinese older adults living in two asian metropolises and
explore the potential influences of environment .
design and participants .
cross - sectional analysis based on data from two popula... |
conventional nontargeted
chemotherapeutics , such as antimetabolites , microtubule inhibitors , and dna intercalating / alkylating agents , are effective
at killing cancer cells , but due to their indiscriminate penetration
into nearly all cells , they can also damage healthy cells , causing
such toxicities as ... | as the delivery of selectively targeted
cytotoxic agents via antibodies
or small molecule ligands to malignancies has begun to show promise
in the clinic , the need to identify and validate additional cellular
targets for specific therapeutic delivery is critical .
although a
multitude of cancers have been ... |
often , a new physics faculty member is faced with the duty of renovating the introductory physics labs .
we will provide a list of experiments and equipment needed to convert about half of the traditional labs on a 1-year introductory physics lab into microcomputer - based laboratories ( mbls ) .
our student body ... | nowadays , data acquisition software and sensors are being widely used in introductory physics laboratories .
this allows the student to spend more time exploring the data that is collected by the computer hence focusing more on the physical concept .
very often , a faculty is faced with the challenge of updating o... |
octane - enhancing constituents of gasoline pose a number of health hazards .
this paper considers the relative risks of metallic ( lead , manganese ) , aromatic ( e.g. , benzene ) , and oxygenated additives in both industrialized and developing countries . technological advances , particularly in industrialized coun... | |
type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) is a growing epidemic : in the united states of america alone , nearly 25.8 million people ( approx 8.3% of the total population ) have the disease.1 estimates have placed the global prevalence of the disease at around 217 million.2 the consequence to the individual of prolonged expos... | there is a recognized need for new treatment options for type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) .
recovery of glucose from the glomerular filtrate represents an important mechanism in maintaining glucose homeostasis and represents a novel target for the management of t2 dm .
recovery of glucose from the glomerular filt... |
the goal of defibrillation ( df ) testing is to verify the detection of ventricular tachyarrhythmias by implantable cardioverter - defibrillators ( icds ) , and to ascertain df efficacy .
all clinical trials , which demonstrated the benefit of icd therapy , have included some kind of df testing . according to the foo... | aimsthis trial was designed to test the hypothesis that shock efficacy during follow - up is not impaired in patients implanted without defibrillation ( df ) testing during first implantable cardioverter - defibrillator ( icd ) implantation.methods and resultsbetween february 2011 and july 2013 , 1077 patients were ran... |
bladder cancer is the seventh most common malignancy in the world in men and the third most common in poland . in women
, this cancer occurs less frequently ( 17 in the world and 15 in poland ) , but in contrast to men , an increasing trend of morbidity can be observed [ 15 ] . in poland in 2010 , 6296 incidents of b... | introductionincontinent urinary diversion using an ileal conduit is the most popular method used by urologists after bladder cystectomy resulting from muscle invasive bladder cancer .
the use of gastrointestinal tissue is related to a series of complications with the necessity of surgical procedure extension which in... |
renal replacement treatment , in the form of kidney transplantation or dialysis , is a life - supporting therapy for patients with end - stage renal disease . at the end of 2010 ,
~1.81 million chronic kidney disease patients globally were undergoing hemodialysis ( hd ) treatment , with an estimated 90,000 ( 5% ) the... | backgroundclinical studies suggest that hemodiafiltration ( hdf ) may lead to better clinical outcomes than high - flux hemodialysis ( hf - hd ) , but concerns have been raised about the cost - effectiveness of hdf versus hf - hd .
aim of this study was to investigate whether clinical benefits , in terms of longer su... |
alzheimer s disease ( ad ) is the most frequent neurodegenerative disease ( ferri et al . , 2005 ) and is characterized by a progressive dementia that occurs in middle or late life .
the neuropathological hallmark of ad is the presence of cortical intracellular neurofibrillary tangles ( nft ) and extracellular -amylo... | alzheimer s disease ( ad ) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly , and it is characterized by progressive impairment in multiple cognitive domains of sufficient severity to interfere with individuals daily living activities .
historically , the diagnosis of ad has been based on the identification of a cl... |
joseph disease , is the most common subtype of sca world - wide , and is caused by a pathologic cag trinucleotide repeat expansion in the atxn3 gene located on chromosome 14q32.12 .
the cardinal clinical characteristics of sca3 include gait and stance unsteadiness , limb ataxia , dysarthria , oculomotor dysfunction ,... | background : spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 ( sca3 ) is the most common subtype of sca worldwide , and runs a slowly progressive and unremitting disease course .
there is currently no curable treatment available .
growing evidence has suggested that nerve growth factor ( ngf ) may have therapeutic effects in neurode... |
nanopores are powerful research tools to investigate the structural and dynamic properties of single biomolecules .
nanopores have inner diameters of a few nanometers , and following the size - exclusion principle , only individual dna or protein molecules can fit into or pass through a pore .
importantly , a passi... | single nanopores attract a great deal of scientific interest as a basis for biosensors and as a system to study the interactions and behavior of molecules in a confined volume .
tuning the geometry and surface chemistry of nanopores helps create devices that control transport of ions and molecules in solution . here ... |
skin is the largest sensory organ of the body and is densely equipped with highly specialized sensory nerve endings capable of sensing a wide range of sensory stimuli such as light touch , mechanical pressure , temperature , itch , and pain .
these cutaneous sensory afferents can be distinguished by many morphologic... | summarycutaneous c - unmyelinated mrgprd+ free nerve endings and c - ltmrs innervating hair follicles convey two opposite aspects of touch sensation : a sensation of pain and a sensation of pleasant touch .
the molecular mechanisms underlying these diametrically opposite functions are unknown . here
, we used a mou... |
the endoplasmic reticulum ( er ) is an organelle with crucial biosynthetic and signaling functions in eukaryotic cells .
the er is not only the major intracellular calcium ( ca ) storage organelle critically involved in ca homeostasis and ca mediated signaling pathways , but it also provides the environment for the s... | different physiological and pathological conditions can perturb protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum , leading to a condition known as er stress .
er stress activates a complex intracellular signal transduction pathway , called unfolded protein response ( upr ) .
the upr is tailored essentially to reestabli... |
bevacizumab became standard of care as first - line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer ( mcrc ) in association with chemotherapy , but not all patients benefit from bevacizumab treatment .
cumulative data , gathered from retrospective studies , show that bevacizumab - induced hypertension ( htn ) appears to be... | backgroundbevacizumab has become standard of care as first - line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer ( mcrc ) , after proving increased response rates and improvement in survival outcomes .
hypertension ( htn ) is a common complication of the treatment with bevacizumab and , owing to its close relation with an... |
the need to advance saliva research is strongly recognized by the strategic plan of the national institute of dental and craniofacial research .
the ability to monitor health status , disease onset , progression , recurrence and treatment outcome through non - invasive means is highly important to advancing health ca... | there is a need recognized by the national institute of dental & craniofacial research and the national cancer institute to advance basic , translational and clinical saliva research .
the goal of the salivaomics knowledge base ( skb ) is to create a data management system and web resource constructed to support huma... |
emergence of new concepts in the management of oncologic malignancies and the fast - changing trends of modern medicine necessitate the development of strategies for customized treatment suited to the patient 's variable requirements .
response to chemotherapy can not be predicted with certainty in an individual pres... | background : various histopathological changes have been observed following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in individual tumors in the literature.aims and objectives : to observe histopathologic changes seen after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast malignancies , squamous cell carcinomas , adenocarcinomas , and wilms tumor u... |
acute myeloid leukemia ( aml ) is a clinically , morphologically and genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in peripheral bone marrow ( bm ) , blood or other tissues .
the incidence of aml increases with age , particularly after 65 years old , and the median age at diagn... | retrospective data was collected from 77 elderly acute myeloid leukemia ( aml ) patients treated with azacitidine ( aza ) and 50 elderly aml patients treated with intensive chemotherapy ( ic ) from 4 portuguese hospitals.median os was 10.6 months in those receiving aza as 1st line .
response ( overall response rate 4... |
one of the most important organ systems is cardiovascular that it 's disorders specially ischemic heart diseases can cause disability or death .
some people specially workers who work in special industries are more in the risk of same disorders .
there were many studies work on workers health but there were some of... | background : disorders of cardiovascular system can cause disability or death , screening is necessary specially in workers who maybe had risk factors .
hypertension , hyperlipidemia , obesity , smoking , genetic , exposure to chemicals , fumes , solvents , coldness are non occupational and occupational risk factors ... |
vesicoureteral reflux ( vur ) occurs commonly in children , resulting in potentially serious complications .
this could result in renal scarring , hypertension , and even end - stage renal failure .
treatment options for children with vur include continuous antibiotic prophylaxis , endoscopic injections , and lapar... | purposeas endoscopic treatment for vesicoureteral reflux ( vur ) has increased , secondary ureteral reimplantation ( ur ) after failure of endoscopic treatment has increased .
we studied the clinical feature and efficacy of secondary ur after failure of endoscopic treatment compared with primary ur.materials and meth... |
in all well developed societies there tend to be barriers between different organizations and different professions , even when those professions want to co - operate to help individuals to satisfy their needs .
health and social services today face groups of patients who have composite problems and are often unstabl... | introductionorganizations can be regarded as systems .
the traditional model of systems views them as machines .
this seems to be insufficient when it comes to understanding and organizing complex tasks . to better understand integrated care we should approach organizations as constantly changing living organisms ,... |
we will introduce recent advances on the study of post - translational processing , modification , and targeting of cathepsins and cystatins .
almost all the intracellular proteins are passed through principally similar processes from the synthesis to their degradation in general .
therefore , i would like to intro... | cathepsins are an essential protease family in all living cells .
the cathepsins play an essential roles such as protein catabolism and protein synthesis . to targeting to various organella and
to regulate their activity , the post translational - processing and modification play an important role cathepsins are tr... |
endocrine disorders may complicate , cause or mimic otolaryngologic disorders , some of which may be anatomical , due to an enlargement of the thyroid gland , while others are physiological , resulting from increased or decreased glandular activity.1 hypothyroidism is characterized by the slowing of mental and motor ac... | hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder with characteristic clinical symptoms and signs .
typical symptoms of hypothyroidism are lethargy , cold intolerance , slowing of intellectual and motor activity , decreased appetite , weight gain , and dry skin .
a 39-year - old female presented to the clinic with dysa... |
bicipital groove ( bg ) is an indentation on the anterior aspect of proximal part of humerus .
this groove allows tendon of long head of biceps brachi muscle enveloped in synovial sheath and ascending branch of anterior circumflex humeral artery to pass through it .
it is bounded medially by lesser tubercle , later... | the variant morphometry of bicipital groove is reported to be associated with pathologies of biceps tendon and is useful in surgical procedures in this region .
the pathologies of biceps tendon are frequent causes of shoulder pain . therefore , under the condition of paucity of data pertaining to north indians , not ... |
five of the world s most fatal work safety accidents in the past decade ( 20012010 ) occurred in china ( 1 ) .
work safety accidents has become the first cause of deaths of chinese citizens below 44 yr old ( 2 ) .
work safety accidents pose a great threat to people 's life , especially major accidents , defined as ... | background : this study provides a national profile of major work safety accidents in china , which cause more than 10 fatalities per accident , intended to provide scientific basis for prevention measures and strategies to reduce major work safety accidents and deaths.methods:data from 20032012 census of major work sa... |
previously described growth conditions including those for inducing development were used for a. nidulans [ 17 , 18 ] .
expression of anea via niia promoter is induced by 0.6% sodium nitrate and repressed by 0.2% ammonium tartrate .
an anea disruption cassette ( dc ) was constructed according to methods described b... | we have previously isolated -cop , the -cop interactor in copi of aspergillus nidulans , by yeast two - hybrid screening . to understand the function of -cop , the anea+ gene for -cop / anea was deleted by homologous recombination using a gene - specific disruption cassette .
deletion of the -cop gene showed no detec... |
the diagnosis and extent of resection in the management of hd depend on the sensitive and specific identification of ganglion cells.[13 ] however , documenting aganglionosis is often difficult and tedious on routine hematoxylin - eosin ( h and e ) stained sections .
acetylcholinesterase ( ache ) has evolved as the go... | aim : to evaluate the efficacy of calretinin immunostaining in diagnosing hirschsprung 's disease ( hd).materials and methods : sixty cases were studied over a period of 1 year ( july 2010-june 2011 ) .
there were 36 full - thickness biopsies and 24 resected specimens .
calretinin processing was done on the paraffi... |
drug abuse is considered a critical health related social and economic problem in most countries . in the last three decades , the world has experienced shocking figures expressing drug abuse prevalence in societies , esp . among teenagers and the youth .
united nation 's office of crime and drug abuse prevention ha... | background : drug abuse is now - a - days one of the gravest social harms .
recent years have experienced a drastic rise in drug abuse among school and university students .
thus , the need for special attention to the issue is deemed important .
the present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the impac... |
q fever is a zoonotic disease that is caused by coxiella burnetii , a microorganism that frequently infects domestic ungulates , as well as wild mammals in many genera ( 1 ) . in animals ,
the disease is transmitted to humans incidentally by inhalation of aerosols from infected cattle and sheep ( 1 , 2 ) . in humans ... | we report results on the seroprevalence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii in cattle and healthy people in korea . upon agreement with dairy owners , serum samples from 414 dairy cattle
were collected between march and june 2001 and samples from 205 people for health screening were collected between april and decembe... |
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