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Blackwell Publishers Ltd. Phillips, J. B. (2021). Change happens: Practitioner use of change management strategies (Publication No. 28769879) [Doctoral dissertation, Florida State University]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. Pless N, Maak T. Building an inclusive diversity culture: Principles, processes and pra... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9462626/ | Change Management: From Theory to Practice - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.629 | 0.668 | ["management", "ethics", "education"] | 453 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.105317 | [
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cholar ] Waterman RH, Jr, Peters TJ, Phillips JR. Structure is not organization. Business Horizons. 1980;23(3):14–26. doi: 10.1016/0007-6813(80)90027-0. [ DOI ] [ Google Scholar ] | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9462626/ | Change Management: From Theory to Practice - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.574 | 0.6 | [] | 179 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.105470 | [
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Front Psychol . 2022 Sep 12;13:920495. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.920495 Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic Atif Saleem Atif Saleem 1 College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China Find articles by Atif Saleem 1, † , Philip Saagyum Dare Philip Saagyum Da... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.622 | 0.854 | ["education", "leadership"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.319162 | [
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ng 3 Center for Teacher Education Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Find articles by Guoyuan Sang 3, * Author information Article notes Copyright and License information 1 College of Teacher Education, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China 2 Faculty of Education, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC,... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.535 | 0.69 | ["education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.319617 | [
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Indonesia Reviewed by: Priyanut Wutti Chupradit, Chiang Mai University, Thailand; Anastasia Atabekova, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Russia ✉ *Correspondence: Guoyuan Sang guoyuan.sang@bnu.edu.cn * Philip Saagyum Dare Philip.Dare@monash.edu This article was submitted to Organizational Psychology, a section ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.573 | 0.832 | ["education"] | 504 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.319806 | [
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r 14; Accepted 2022 Jul 20; Collection date 2022. Keywords: leadership, school principals, pandemic, organizational change, COVID-19 Copyright © 2022 Saleem, Dare and Sang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproducti... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.611 | 0.85 | ["leadership", "innovation", "education"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.319948 | [
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this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. PMC Copyright notice PMCID: PMC9512036 PMID: 36172236 Introduction Principals are accustomed to resolving minor crises, confrontations, daily annoyances, and fr... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.531 | 0.84 | ["management", "education"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320081 | [
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ack experience managing a lengthy and complicated situation (Varela and Fedynich, 2020 ). Following the proclamation of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic a pandemic in March 2020 by WHO, normal educational scheduling, activities, and procedures were unexpectedly disrupted and substituted with incertitude. Schools were required t... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.507 | 0.834 | ["education", "management", "family"] | 463 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320207 | [
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ildren and employees (Bailey and Breslin, 2021 ). As schools shuttered, countries made a swift shift to online learning (Taglietti et al., 2021 ). Not only is the school critical for knowledge acquisition and general education, but it is also an integral aspect of the contemporary world (O'Connell and Clarke, 2020 ). T... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.373 | 0.844 | ["education"] | 445 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320335 | [
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or pupils and their families during the pandemic. Nonetheless, there existed few standardized operational protocols for managing schools in the event of a pandemic and principals were forced to innovate and navigate their schools' activities with or without assistance. Prior leadership research during educational crise... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.57 | 0.826 | ["education", "leadership", "management", "innovation"] | 437 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320480 | [
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, events, school violence (Pepper et al., 2010 ). The global crisis reshaped educational activities, emphasizing more flexible and distributed leadership attributes founded on consensual trust in order to promote both independent and cooperative resilience (Fernandez and Shaw, 2020 ). Numerous school administrators hav... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.429 | 0.836 | ["education", "leadership", "decision_making", "crisis"] | 482 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320608 | [
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in an unstable circumstances (Netolicky, 2020 ). The school institution was woefully unprepared to deal with the pandemic's disruptive impacts. There is a high chance that during a prolonged crisis, the long-term pressure will surpass individual capabilities and available employment resources (Bakker and Demerouti, 201... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.347 | 0.842 | ["family", "crisis", "career", "war_conflict", "education"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320729 | [
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rfaced as a burnout-risk-factor and weariness (Kniffin et al., 2021 ). Regardless, there is a conjecture that principals are human resource managers and mentors (Wicher, 2017 ), are obliged to comprehend stakeholders' expectations in varying situations (Brauckmann et al., 2020 ), and endeavor to meet the ever-increasin... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.559 | 0.838 | ["management"] | 457 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320854 | [
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iety looks up to principals during this pandemic. These expectations around school leaders' resourcefulness during the crisis have resulted in inconsistencies in sustaining a counterbalance of principals' roles that may hamper the optimal school functionality (Huber, 2004 ), thus, prompted empirical investigations and ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.438 | 0.848 | ["education", "leadership", "crisis"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.320979 | [
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2020 ), as well as diversifying stakeholders' expectations (Wong and Liu, 2018 ). However, none of these empirical evidences suggest path ways for organizations in times of pandemics, there is little or no evidence on the principals' challenges in times of pandemic and how they coped with the changes. Therefore, our re... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.481 | 0.868 | ["crisis"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321242 | [
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doni et al., 2021 ) in pandemic times and in different contexts (Tintoré et al., 2020 ). For many firms, organizational transformation has been the norm other than the exemption (Kieselbach et al., 2009 ). Alterations have been linked to the tendency to discontinue (Oreg, 2006 ; Holt et al., 2007 ), decrease productivi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.563 | 0.69 | ["philosophy"] | 412 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321338 | [
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., 1998 ) and absenteeism (Martin et al., 2005 ). Instances of change is established to have shown an effect on time constraint, psycho-social wellbeing of followers (Probst, 2003 ), satisfaction at work (Amiot et al., 2006 ; Holt et al., 2007 ), and individual stress (Axtell et al., 2002 ). However, the pandemic neces... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.391 | 0.862 | ["education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321386 | [
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potential consequences (Holten and Brenner, 2015 ). With the frequency and breadth of institutional change increasing due to the pandemic, it becomes prudent to explore processes that may lead to good responses to change. While much of the literature on change focuses on the impacts of change, our review focuses comple... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.461 | 0.84 | ["education"] | 461 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321437 | [
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will have implications for practice and research. By concentrating only on the process of change; the link between ascendants and denotative reactions, we reply to Semmer ( 2006 ) need for assessments of change-intervention-processes since few empirical research have examined favorable receptive reactions to institutio... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.455 | 0.822 | [] | 418 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321483 | [
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he areas where change fails (Oreg et al., 2011 ). We review the links between transactional and transformational leadership styles as well as change appraisals among followers. In this regard, the present study mainly seeks to address how should principals responded to the institutional change process during the pandem... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.513 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "communication", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321537 | [
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s should principals adopt in response to the change process? What change mechanisms could guide principals to navigate institutional change? Research framework To comprehensively review and address the change process among teachers and institutional organizations during the pandemic, we adopted Oreg et al. ( 2011 , p. ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.474 | 0.844 | ["communication"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321584 | [
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terior context), antecedents of change (process of change, anticipated consequence, change content), explicit responses (behavioral, cognitive, and affective reactions), and lastly, the consequences of change (personal and work-relative). While most studies investigated the negative consequences of change (Oreg et al.,... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.418 | 0.806 | ["war_conflict"] | 426 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321632 | [
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teachers' positive change appraisal development. With regards to positive teachers' change appraisal development in the process of organizational change, the review strictly followed the suggestions of Holten and Brenner ( 2015 ) that leadership styles and change appraisal among followers is directly and indirectly aff... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.637 | 0.856 | ["leadership"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321681 | [
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iew projects that the process of organizational change is reinforced by the principals' engagement changes and teachers' direct and indirect change appraisal mechanisms in an attempt to develop positive change appraisal (see Figure 1 ). Figure 1. Open in a new tab Research framework derived from Holten and Brenner ( 20... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.614 | 0.854 | [] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321734 | [
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e affective, cognitive, and change readiness expectations, as well as change consequences; job and satisfaction, tendency to quit, and health issues, and depression for instance (Grunberg et al., 2008 ; Oreg et al., 2011 ). There are neither pre-change antecedents or post-change consequences addressed in this study, bu... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.499 | 0.832 | ["communication", "career", "education"] | 442 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321784 | [
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rising from change and the antecedents to change. We reviewed the attitudes and reactions of followers to change (Oreg, 2006 ; Parish et al., 2008 ) from the lens of change process. The importance of leadership style and leaders' engagement in fostering favorable views of change is something we reviewed in this study, ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.495 | 0.86 | ["leadership", "education"] | 481 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321833 | [
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nvestigate both cognitive and behavioral changes. We believe that rather than focusing on the negative effects of change, it is important to keep an eye on people's attitudes about it, how they view the manager leading the change, and how they behave in relation to their daily routines and working methods and tradition... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.489 | 0.866 | ["leadership", "management"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321880 | [
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owers play an active role in influencing it and its effects, therefore, a positive change assessment by followers is thus seen as a necessity for a succeeding in a change process and sustaining positive consequences of change in persons and organizations (Herold et al., 2008 ; Crawford et al., 2022 ). Leadership styles... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.61 | 0.85 | ["leadership", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321932 | [
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cern, and intellectual stimulation (Bass, 1985 ). Transformational leaders serve such as teachers role-model students, foster cooperative goals, encourage confidence, and faith among followers, and inspire them with their leadership style as well as motivate them by encouraging followers to reflect on their traditional... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.453 | 0.818 | ["leadership", "motivation", "faith_spirituality", "philosophy"] | 426 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.321978 | [
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and recognition of personal needs (Bass, 1999 ). Two concepts are attributed to transactional leadership style: dependent management and compensation exemption (Bass, 1985 ) where management by exception factor is subdivided into passive and active management (Lowe et al., 1996 ). The transactional leadership feature i... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.596 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "management", "networking", "salary", "war_conflict"] | 502 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322031 | [
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d with rewards for fulfilling certain objectives. Whereas transformational leadership focuses on ideals and visionary leadership, transactional leadership focuses on acknowledging and crediting individual follower-successes. Transformational vs. transactional leadership literature in most cases examines gender and orga... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.467 | 0.832 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "strategy", "war_conflict"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322081 | [
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... | ||
022 ), it also indicates that female followers under female leaders reported higher usage of transformational leadership as compared to their male competitors (Ayman et al., 2009 ). Lowe et al. ( 1996 ) discovered that contrary to their assumptions, transformational leadership and management-by-exception (a type of tra... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.624 | 0.842 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "management"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322130 | [
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n the transformational leadership adopted, the functional requirements, or assessment standards of operation within organizations in the private sector are essential. Management behavior has an effect on followers' well-being (Skakon et al., 2010 ), an effect that is amplified during institutional change, during which ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.491 | 0.844 | ["leadership", "management", "philosophy"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322179 | [
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tional change research when administrators become resilient to change, takes a participatory, informed measures, and is viewed as accepted (Oreg et al., 2011 ). Thus, school principals as managers play a critical role in school transformation, promoting its effectiveness and determining the level at which followers acc... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.496 | 0.846 | ["leadership", "education", "philosophy", "management"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322231 | [
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through which followers (teachers) generate such favorable assessments of change. Transformational leadership is noted as an effective type of leadership that appreciate navigating organizational transformation (Eisenbach et al., 1999 ; Lien et al., 2022 ). The leadership approach enables followers to contain non-conve... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.646 | 0.832 | ["leadership", "philosophy"] | 484 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322283 | [
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cy in times of transition (Bommer et al., 2005 ). The transformational and transactional approaches to leadership are distinct but compatible: the transformational approach, in terms of augmenting effect of ideas, provides the foundation for and enhances the effects derived from the transactional approach to leadership... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.63 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322333 | [
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or followers by role-modeling who demonstrates acceptable behaviors. Instrumental (transactional) approach to leadership assures the commitment produced by charismatic leadership behavior, adhered to and maintained (Nadler and Tushman, 1990 ). We enhance existing pragmatic research by extending the notion hence establi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.456 | 0.832 | ["leadership", "management"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322392 | [
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ective, leaders should strive to connect their stated and implemented principles (Eisenbach et al., 1999 ). Such alignment is referred to as behavioral integrity (Simons, 2002 ). Within the framework of integrity theory on behavior, transformational and transactional approaches to leadership are viewed as the stated va... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.524 | 0.85 | ["leadership", "ethics", "management", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322540 | [
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f the professed values, would match with distinguished change engagement of particular managers within the structure of enacted values in effective change processes. During times of organizational transition, like in the pandemic instance, transformational and transactional leadership styles complement each other (Nadl... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.487 | 0.836 | ["leadership", "ethics", "philosophy", "management"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322684 | [
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edibility, which are fostered by integrity of behavior. As a result, we argue that transformational approach to leadership will significantly impact change-oriented engagement of managers. Transactional approach to leadership is instrumental and provides a tangible fountain where leaders may actively involve followers ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.522 | 0.826 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "management", "ethics"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322814 | [
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g information dissemination and defining personal impact. Much study on leadership behaviors associated with organizational transformation has concentrated on the acceptance and commitment of followers. Herold et al. ( 2008 ) discovered a positive correlation between change management and followers' commitment to chang... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.462 | 0.842 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "management", "education"] | 504 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.322938 | [
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ositively, initiate and foster change conditions. The study of Kavanagh and Ashkanasy ( 2006 ) discovered that acceptance and or objection to change among followers was affected by the change management technique. By examining the evolution of followers' change evaluation, we improve past studies. Developing a positive... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.476 | 0.842 | ["management", "education"] | 488 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323054 | [
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sequently, of good human and cooperative results. Thus, the methods preceding this metric are critical and interesting for companies that are planning and executing change. Direct mechanisms underlying followers' evaluation of change Additionally, this article reviewed how leadership directly affect the perceptions of ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.56 | 0.838 | ["leadership", "strategy", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323178 | [
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the transactional approach is appropriate in situations when the status quo is maintained while particular goals are achieved (Gersick, 1994 ). According to Eisenbach et al. ( 1999 ), the transformational type of leadership is appropriate for organizational change and possesses favorable impact on the reactions of foll... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.527 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "motivation"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323309 | [
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and assumptions while fostering devotion to corporate goals (Yukl, 1989 ). Studies of Holten and Brenner ( 2015 ) claimed that transformational approach to leadership correlates with maximizing the process of change, as certified by the modification of schedules and methods, the elimination of inefficient work practice... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.517 | 0.824 | ["leadership", "management", "war_conflict", "philosophy"] | 421 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323453 | [
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and its ability to manage institutional changes. Thus, we suggest that transformational approach to leadership will result in a significant shift in the perceptions of followers toward change. While the transformational type is associated with a favorable assessment of change among followers, the transactional type, wh... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.543 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "motivation", "philosophy", "war_conflict"] | 457 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323573 | [
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duties via bonuses and inducements (Bass, 1985 ). Through reinforcement and incentive, transactional approach to leadership is presumed to motivate change acceptance throughout organizational transition. Such instances, however, would be a means to an end rather than attitude-oriented. Whereas the transactional type of... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.481 | 0.846 | ["leadership", "motivation", "resume"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323698 | [
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ch to have a favorable effect on followers' perceptions of change. In situations where the transactional leadership implies a failing to drive followers across the anticipated goals, it would appear impossible to influence a positive evaluation during times of uncertainty. Discussion Our review was centered on the lead... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.636 | 0.822 | ["leadership", "education"] | 415 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323824 | [
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ess of organizational change during the pandemic. The review suggested that the process of organizational change is reinforced by followers' development of positive appraisal about change, including both indirect and direct mechanisms to followers' change appraisal as leadership styles and leaders' engagement during th... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.46 | 0.832 | ["leadership"] | 430 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.323946 | [
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), Edelbroek et al. ( 2019 ), and Azizaha et al. ( 2020 ) suggest both transactional and transformational leadership styles positively correlate with the change engagement of leaders during the process of organizational change implying. This implies, the success of organizational change among teachers during the pandem... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.463 | 0.852 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "education"] | 511 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324072 | [
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types of leadership, they were more likely to smoothly transition through organizational change. In congruence with Oreg et al. ( 2011 ) and Herrmann et al. ( 2012 ), organizational change is considered a consequence of transformational leadership as it assumed to reinforce leadership and follower attitudes through act... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.662 | 0.834 | ["leadership", "philosophy"] | 426 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324188 | [
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s as suggested by Herscovitch and Meyer ( 2002 ). Evidence of such characteristics pushes both leaders and followers to perform beyond expectations in view of the Bass ( 1999 ) conceptualization during the change process although Vakola and Nikolaou ( 2005 ) indicated it can be psychologically difficult to adapt. On ba... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.467 | 0.842 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "crisis"] | 456 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324311 | [
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above expectations in attempts to embrace change. In addition, the review reported the process of organizational change among teachers were determinable by both indirect and direct mechanisms to appraisal of change; commitment, and receptivity of followers (Aarons, 2006 ; Herold et al., 2008 ), rewards and incentives (... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.469 | 0.862 | ["war_conflict", "education"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324435 | [
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pandemic, the teachers as followers should be willing to be committing and reaccepting which indirectly reinforce the success of the change process. On the other hand, school principals can directly influence the change process by using rewards and incentives to motivate teachers to be committed and receptive in the ch... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.448 | 0.848 | ["leadership", "war_conflict", "motivation", "education", "philosophy"] | 491 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324560 | [
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hip as well as the use of rewards and incentives. In view of Faupel and Süß ( 2019 ), followers perceptive captivating change consequences in the transformational leadership paradigm motivates them (followers and employees) to actively embrace and foster change through leadership-follower behavior. That is, followers' ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.427 | 0.854 | ["leadership", "motivation", "war_conflict", "philosophy"] | 501 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324685 | [
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more likely to behave in the direction of change. Conclusion In sum, the experiences of school principals during a prolonged crisis demonstrate that effective situational management requires a variety of managerial duties, including honest communication, dispersed leadership, acquiring knowledge from uncertainties, and... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.508 | 0.838 | ["leadership", "education", "management", "communication", "decision_making"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324809 | [
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approaches to meet extraneous obligations as well as the teachers and pupils' internal needs. As a result, the roles of the school principals grew more complicated. School principals became managers of their institutions and acted out managerial roles. The loneliness of command became apparent during the crises, highli... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.424 | 0.84 | ["education", "management", "strategy", "crisis"] | 464 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.324933 | [
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ight learn and grow from the pandemic experience. To respond to such crises, principals adopted transformational and transactional leadership strategies alongside both direct and indirect change mechanisms to foster. However, as an opinion paper, the discursive review is the researchers' viewpoint of analytical literat... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.494 | 0.844 | ["leadership", "philosophy"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.325056 | [
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s and quantitative approaches to measure the level of effect that transactional and transformational leadership styles exert on organizational change. Such studies can also examine the impact of incentives and rewards on organizational change when used in either transactional or transformational leadership. Author cont... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.655 | 0.826 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "war_conflict"] | 456 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.325173 | [
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tion to the work and approved it for publication. Funding This study was funded by the International Joint Research Project of Huiyan International College, Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University (ICER202001). Conflict of interest The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commer... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.503 | 0.822 | ["education", "war_conflict", "networking"] | 412 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.325300 | [
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be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Publisher's note All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, o... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.469 | 0.846 | ["war_conflict"] | 445 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.325422 | [
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. Natl. Forum Educ. Admin. Supervis. J. 38, 1–10. [ Google Scholar ] Wicher M. (2017). Positive psychology: a pathway to principal wellbeing and resilience. Educ. Today. 1, 24–26. Available online at: https://www.pesa.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Positive-Psychology-Principal-Wellbeing-and-Resilience.pdf [ Google ... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.538 | 0.664 | ["crisis", "career"] | 472 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.330190 | [
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and opportunities. Chin. Educ. Soc. 51, 359–371. 10.1080/10611932.2018.1510689 [ DOI ] [ Google Scholar ] Yukl G. (1989). Managerial leadership: a review of theory and research. J. Manage. 15, 251–289. 10.1177/014920638901500207 [ DOI ] [ Google Scholar ] | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9512036/ | Leadership styles and the process of organizational change during the pandemic - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.635 | 0.626 | ["leadership", "management"] | 255 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.330317 | [
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J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics . Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 1. Published in final edited form as: J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics. 2016 Sep 21;11(5):408–423. doi: 10.1177/1556264616668775 Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers Alison L Antes Alison... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5182150/ | Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.56 | 0.868 | ["education", "leadership", "ethics", "management", "interview"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.538390 | [
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ol of Medicine Find articles by Adelina Mart 1 , James M DuBois James M DuBois 1 Washington University School of Medicine Find articles by James M DuBois 1 Author information Article notes Copyright and License information 1 Washington University School of Medicine ✉ Corresponding Author: Alison L. Antes, Division of G... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5182150/ | Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.497 | 0.832 | ["education", "philosophy", "strategy"] | 428 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.538554 | [
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dicine, 4523 Clayton Avenue, Campus Box 8005, St. Louis, MO 63110, 314-362-6006 (phone), 314-454-5113 (fax), aantes@wustl.edu Issue date 2016 Dec. PMC Copyright notice PMCID: PMC5182150 NIHMSID: NIHMS812365 PMID: 27646401 The publisher's version of this article is available at J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics Abstract Princi... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5182150/ | Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.586 | 0.82 | ["leadership", "management", "ethics"] | 421 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.538626 | [
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adership and management activities in their work. The practices they employ to navigate these responsibilities ultimately influence the quality and integrity of research. However, leadership and management roles in research have received scant empirical examination. Semi-structured interviews with 32 National Institute... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5182150/ | Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.468 | 0.828 | ["leadership", "management", "ethics", "interview"] | 512 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.538679 | [
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ir scientific training inadequately prepared them. We also report management practices that the researchers described employing in their labs, as well as their perceptions of a proposed intervention to enhance laboratory leadership. These findings suggest best practices for the research community, future directions for... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5182150/ | Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.588 | 0.812 | ["leadership", "management", "economy"] | 412 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.538729 | [
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research on leadership and management in science. Keywords: Leadership, management, research integrity, responsible conduct of research, training, leadership development, professional development, researchers, scientists Introduction A recent article describes why researchers were referred by their institutions for res... | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5182150/ | Are Leadership and Management Essential for Good Research? An Interview Study of Genetic Researchers - PMC | pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov | public_domain | false | 0.44 | 0.802 | ["leadership", "management", "ethics", "career"] | 418 | Change Management Leadership | topic | 2026-03-30T00:11:31.538781 | [
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