Datasets:

Lightcap
/

multi-domain-cloudflare-observability

license: cc-by-4.0
pretty_name: Multi-Domain Cloudflare Web Traffic, Performance and Security Observability
language:
  - en
task_categories:
  - time-series-forecasting
  - tabular-regression
  - tabular-classification
  - feature-extraction
size_categories:
  - 100K<n<1M
tags:
  - cloudflare
  - web-analytics
  - website-traffic
  - web-observability
  - time-series
  - anomaly-detection
  - cybersecurity
  - bot-detection
  - dns-analytics
  - http-traffic
  - cdn
  - cache-analytics
  - core-web-vitals
  - web-performance
  - real-user-monitoring
  - rum
  - parquet
  - duckdb
  - polars
  - pandas
  - tabular
  - real-world-data
configs:
  - config_name: http_daily
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_daily.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly.parquet
  - config_name: http_dimension_groups
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_dimension_groups.parquet
  - config_name: firewall_events
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/firewall_events.parquet
  - config_name: dns_analytics
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/dns_analytics.parquet
  - config_name: rum_web_vitals_groups
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/rum_web_vitals_groups.parquet
  - config_name: rum_performance_groups
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/rum_performance_groups.parquet
  - config_name: rum_pageload_groups
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/rum_pageload_groups.parquet
  - config_name: zones
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/zones.parquet
  - config_name: accounts
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/accounts.parquet
  - config_name: dns_records
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/dns_records.parquet
  - config_name: zone_settings
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/zone_settings.parquet
  - config_name: rulesets
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/rulesets.parquet
  - config_name: ruleset_rules
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/ruleset_rules.parquet
  - config_name: redirect_lists
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/redirect_lists.parquet
  - config_name: redirect_list_items
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/redirect_list_items.parquet
  - config_name: web_analytics_sites
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/web_analytics_sites.parquet
  - config_name: web_analytics_rules
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/web_analytics_rules.parquet
  - config_name: metric_availability
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/metric_availability.parquet
  - config_name: data_dictionary
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/data_dictionary.parquet
  - config_name: email_routing_rules
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/email_routing_rules.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_browser_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_browser_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_content_type_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_content_type_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_country_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_country_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_http_version_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_http_version_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_ip_class_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_ip_class_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_ssl_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_ssl_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_status_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_status_map.parquet
  - config_name: http_hourly_threat_pathing_map
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/http_hourly_threat_pathing_map.parquet
  - config_name: speed_availability
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/speed_availability.parquet
  - config_name: speed_pages
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/speed_pages.parquet
  - config_name: ssl_certificate_packs
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: data/ssl_certificate_packs.parquet

Multi-Domain Cloudflare Web Traffic, Performance and Security Observability Dataset

This dataset contains multi-domain Cloudflare analytics exported into analysis-ready Parquet tables. It combines HTTP request aggregates, hourly traffic trends, path and referrer dimensions, country/device/browser breakdowns, DNS analytics, cache behavior, Web Vitals/RUM performance signals, redirect and ruleset metadata, and available firewall/security aggregates across 200 websites.

The collector does not use one global history window. Each zone and Cloudflare dataset is queried from the earliest retained interval exposed by Cloudflare settings.notOlderThan, clipped by the zone's Cloudflare created_on timestamp when available. The snapshot was generated at 2026-05-01T10:10:03Z and the collection end is 2026-05-01T10:00:00Z UTC.

Current observed coverage: http_daily spans 2025-05-02 to 2026-05-01; http_hourly spans 2026-01-31T13:00:00Z to 2026-05-01T09:00:00Z. Exact per-table ranges are in metadata/collection_manifest.json.

The http_daily table includes 46,108 rows from 2025 and 23,598 rows from 2026. Hugging Face's first/default dataset config is intentionally http_daily so the retained 2025 traffic is visible immediately.

Curated by Faruk Alpay. Contact: alpay@lightcap.ai.

The shape is intentionally relational: domains live in zones, redirects live in redirect_list_items, hourly and daily traffic live in http_hourly and http_daily, and high-cardinality request slices live in http_dimension_groups. That makes the data easy to query with DuckDB, Polars, Pandas, Spark, or datasets.load_dataset() without unpacking nested API responses.

Cloudflare GraphQL field availability is discovered per zone before querying. Unsupported firewall fields are not queried, so the public tables do not contain API failure rows; coverage and skipped field lists are recorded in metadata/collection_manifest.json and metadata/cloudflare_graphql_capabilities.json.

Table Overview

http_daily: 69,706 rows
http_hourly: 12,112 rows
http_dimension_groups: 310,912 rows
firewall_events: 70,322 rows
dns_analytics: 87,482 rows
rum_web_vitals_groups: 165 rows
rum_performance_groups: 278 rows
rum_pageload_groups: 303 rows
zones: 200 rows
accounts: 1 rows
dns_records: 288 rows
zone_settings: 11,200 rows
rulesets: 783 rows
ruleset_rules: 36,664 rows
redirect_lists: 1 rows
redirect_list_items: 50 rows
web_analytics_sites: 12 rows
web_analytics_rules: 12 rows
metric_availability: 6 rows
data_dictionary: 42 rows
email_routing_rules: 201 rows
http_hourly_browser_map: 10,259 rows
http_hourly_content_type_map: 25,178 rows
http_hourly_country_map: 37,120 rows
http_hourly_http_version_map: 16,621 rows
http_hourly_ip_class_map: 18,125 rows
http_hourly_ssl_map: 23,821 rows
http_hourly_status_map: 25,825 rows
http_hourly_threat_pathing_map: 145 rows
speed_availability: 200 rows
speed_pages: 1 rows
ssl_certificate_packs: 200 rows

schema/data_dictionary.json mirrors the table descriptions and important column notes. metadata/collection_manifest.json records the collection window, Cloudflare API surfaces, limits, and redaction boundary.

Example Use Cases

Web traffic anomaly detection across multiple domains
Hourly and daily seasonality modeling
Bot and suspicious traffic trend analysis
Cache hit/miss and CDN behavior analysis
Country, ASN, device, browser and operating-system traffic breakdowns
Core Web Vitals and real-user performance monitoring
DNS query pattern analysis
Security event aggregation and firewall action trend exploration
Benchmarking tabular/time-series pipelines with real operational web data

Quickstart

from datasets import load_dataset

daily = load_dataset("Lightcap/multi-domain-cloudflare-observability", "http_daily", split="train")
hourly = load_dataset("Lightcap/multi-domain-cloudflare-observability", "http_hourly", split="train")
paths = load_dataset("Lightcap/multi-domain-cloudflare-observability", "http_dimension_groups", split="train")
zones = load_dataset("Lightcap/multi-domain-cloudflare-observability", "zones", split="train")

INSTALL httpfs;
LOAD httpfs;

SELECT
  zone_name,
  CAST(date AS DATE) AS day,
  sum(requests) AS requests,
  max(unique_visitors) AS daily_unique_visitors
FROM read_parquet('hf://datasets/Lightcap/multi-domain-cloudflare-observability/data/http_daily.parquet')
WHERE CAST(date AS DATE) < DATE '2026-01-01'
GROUP BY 1, 2
ORDER BY requests DESC;

import polars as pl

df = pl.scan_parquet("hf://datasets/Lightcap/multi-domain-cloudflare-observability/data/http_dimension_groups.parquet")

top_paths = (
    df.filter(pl.col("grouping") == "path")
      .group_by(["zone_name", "host", "path"])
      .agg(pl.sum("requests").alias("requests"))
      .sort("requests", descending=True)
      .collect()
)

print(top_paths.head())

Coverage And Limitations

Cloudflare exposes aggregate visitor metrics here, not person-level sessions. unique_visitors is the Cloudflare uniq.uniques value for the chosen interval.
RUM performance tables include page-load and rendering timings. They do not represent how long a visitor stayed on a page.
Returning visitors, dwell time, bounce rate, and exit pages are not published as direct Cloudflare metrics in this export. metric_availability records those gaps explicitly instead of filling them with estimates.
Cloudflare exposes different analytics fields depending on zone, product, plan and retention window. The dataset keeps stable schemas; unsupported fields stay null and are documented in metadata/cloudflare_graphql_capabilities.json.
Long-tail dimension tables are bounded by the configured Cloudflare API limits. Rows with is_limit_boundary = true reached the requested API limit and should be treated as potentially truncated.

Privacy And Safety

Full client IPs, full user-agent strings, query strings, session hashes, and hidden proxied DNS origins are excluded from the public files.
Firewall event IPs and user agents, when available from Cloudflare, are represented as stable hashes rather than raw values.
Proxied DNS record content is represented by a stable SHA-256 hash. Public redirect targets remain visible because they are part of the observable redirect graph.

Cloudflare references: GraphQL Analytics API, Web Analytics metrics.

Suggested Analyses

Traffic seasonality, bot-heavy domains, redirect concentration, anomaly detection, domain portfolio routing, DNS hygiene, cache behavior, country/ASN distribution, status-code drift, and launch-date inference from first observed traffic all work directly from the published tables.