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IoannisKat1
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multilingual-e5-large-new

Sentence Similarity
sentence-transformers
Safetensors
English
xlm-roberta
feature-extraction
dense
Generated from Trainer
dataset_size:82
loss:MatryoshkaLoss
loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
Eval Results (legacy)
text-embeddings-inference
Model card Files
xet
 Community
multilingual-e5-large-new / README.md
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---
language:
- en
license: apache-2.0
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- dense
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:82
- loss:MatryoshkaLoss
- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
base_model: intfloat/multilingual-e5-large
widget:
- source_sentence: When did the victims give away credentials?
 sentences:
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit, without it being necessary that the benefit actually materialize;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence that is detrimental
 to themselves or another; and
 c) Damage to another person’s property, as defined under civil law, which must
 be causally linked to the deceptive acts or omissions of the perpetrator. It is
 not required that the person deceived and the person who suffered the damage be
 the same individual.
 The term “facts”, within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises
 or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other
 false facts referring to the present or the past, in such a manner as to create
 the impression of future fulfillment based on a false present situation fabricated
 by the perpetrator, who has already formed the decision not to fulfill their obligation,
 the crime of fraud is established.
 The term “property” refers to the totality of a person’s economic assets that
 possess monetary value, while damage to property means its reduction—specifically,
 the difference between the monetary value the property had before the disposition
 caused by the fraudulent conduct and the value remaining after it. Property damage
 exists even if the victim possesses an active claim for restitution.
 The time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed their fraudulent conduct, namely when they made the false
 representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any subsequent moment
 at which the victim’s damage actually occurred—thereby completing the fraud—or
 the time when the victim carried out the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.'
 - 'Voice phishing involves manipulating victims over the phone. Attackers pose as
 bank officials or authorities and use intimidation to extract financial details.
 Scenario:
 - Victims are coerced into giving away PINs, passwords, or other credentials under
 false pretenses of legal or financial emergencies.'
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision, it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit, without requiring that the benefit actually materialize;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and performs an act, omission, or acquiescence; and
 c) Damage to another’s property, according to civil law, which must be causally
 connected to the perpetrator’s deceptive acts or omissions. It is not required
 that the deceived person and the person who suffered the loss be the same.
 The term “facts,” within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises
 or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other
 false facts relating to the present or the past, in such a way as to create the
 impression of future fulfillment, based on a false present situation fabricated
 by the perpetrator—who has already made the decision not to fulfill their obligation—then
 the crime of fraud is established.
 The term “property” denotes the totality of a person’s economic assets possessing
 monetary value, while damage to property refers to its reduction—specifically,
 the difference between the property’s monetary value before the disposition caused
 by the fraudulent conduct and its value afterward. Property damage exists even
 if the victim has an active claim for its restitution.
 The time of commission of fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed the deceptive conduct, that is, when they made the false representations
 which deceived the victim or a third party. Any later time at which the victim’s
 financial loss occurred—thus completing the fraud—or the time when the harmful
 act or omission of the deceived person took place, is irrelevant.
 The reference to multiple modes of commission of fraud (i.e., both the misrepresentation
 of false facts and the concealment of true ones) may create ambiguity and contradiction,
 unless it is made clear from the overall findings that the offense was committed
 in one particular manner, and that the reference to the other merely serves to
 define the intent (mens rea) of the perpetrator—specifically, that the representations
 were false.
 Furthermore, a conviction must contain the specific and well-reasoned justification
 required by Articles 93 paragraph 3 of the Constitution and 139 of the Code of
 Criminal Procedure. The absence of such reasoning constitutes grounds for cassation
 (appeal) under Article 510 paragraph 1(d) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, when
 the judgment does not set out, with clarity, completeness, and consistency, the
 factual circumstances established by the evidence, upon which the court based
 its findings regarding the objective and subjective elements of the offense, the
 evidence supporting those findings, and the legal reasoning through which those
 facts were subsumed under the applicable substantive criminal provision.
 For the existence of such reasoning, the explanatory and operative parts of the
 decision may complement each other, as they form a single, unified whole.
 The existence of intent (dolus) does not generally need to be specially justified,
 since it is inherent in the will to bring about the factual circumstances constituting
 the objective elements of the offense, and it is presumed from their realization
 in each particular case—unless the law requires additional elements for criminal
 liability, such as the act being committed with knowledge of a specific circumstance
 (direct intent) or with the pursuit of a further purpose, i.e., the achievement
 of an additional result (offenses requiring a special subjective element).
 Furthermore, under Article 510 paragraph 1(e) of the Code of Criminal Procedure,
 a misapplication of substantive criminal law also constitutes grounds for cassation.
 Such misapplication occurs when the trial court incorrectly applies the law to
 the facts it has found to be true, or when the violation occurs indirectly, namely
 when the reasoning of the judgment—comprising the combination of its factual and
 operative parts and relating to the elements and identity of the offense—contains
 ambiguities, contradictions, or logical gaps, rendering it impossible to verify,
 on appeal, whether the law was applied correctly. In such cases, the judgment
 lacks a lawful basis.'
- source_sentence: What must be the outcome of the deception in relation to property
 damage?
 sentences:
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision, it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit, without requiring that the benefit actually materialize;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and performs an act, omission, or acquiescence; and
 c) Damage to another’s property, according to civil law, which must be causally
 connected to the perpetrator’s deceptive acts or omissions. It is not required
 that the deceived person and the person who suffered the loss be the same.
 The term “facts,” within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises
 or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other
 false facts relating to the present or the past, in such a way as to create the
 impression of future fulfillment, based on a false present situation fabricated
 by the perpetrator—who has already made the decision not to fulfill their obligation—then
 the crime of fraud is established.
 The term “property” denotes the totality of a person’s economic assets possessing
 monetary value, while damage to property refers to its reduction—specifically,
 the difference between the property’s monetary value before the disposition caused
 by the fraudulent conduct and its value afterward. Property damage exists even
 if the victim has an active claim for its restitution.
 The time of commission of fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed the deceptive conduct, that is, when they made the false representations
 which deceived the victim or a third party. Any later time at which the victim’s
 financial loss occurred—thus completing the fraud—or the time when the harmful
 act or omission of the deceived person took place, is irrelevant.
 The reference to multiple modes of commission of fraud (i.e., both the misrepresentation
 of false facts and the concealment of true ones) may create ambiguity and contradiction,
 unless it is made clear from the overall findings that the offense was committed
 in one particular manner, and that the reference to the other merely serves to
 define the intent (mens rea) of the perpetrator—specifically, that the representations
 were false.
 Furthermore, a conviction must contain the specific and well-reasoned justification
 required by Articles 93 paragraph 3 of the Constitution and 139 of the Code of
 Criminal Procedure. The absence of such reasoning constitutes grounds for cassation
 (appeal) under Article 510 paragraph 1(d) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, when
 the judgment does not set out, with clarity, completeness, and consistency, the
 factual circumstances established by the evidence, upon which the court based
 its findings regarding the objective and subjective elements of the offense, the
 evidence supporting those findings, and the legal reasoning through which those
 facts were subsumed under the applicable substantive criminal provision.
 For the existence of such reasoning, the explanatory and operative parts of the
 decision may complement each other, as they form a single, unified whole.
 The existence of intent (dolus) does not generally need to be specially justified,
 since it is inherent in the will to bring about the factual circumstances constituting
 the objective elements of the offense, and it is presumed from their realization
 in each particular case—unless the law requires additional elements for criminal
 liability, such as the act being committed with knowledge of a specific circumstance
 (direct intent) or with the pursuit of a further purpose, i.e., the achievement
 of an additional result (offenses requiring a special subjective element).
 Furthermore, under Article 510 paragraph 1(e) of the Code of Criminal Procedure,
 a misapplication of substantive criminal law also constitutes grounds for cassation.
 Such misapplication occurs when the trial court incorrectly applies the law to
 the facts it has found to be true, or when the violation occurs indirectly, namely
 when the reasoning of the judgment—comprising the combination of its factual and
 operative parts and relating to the elements and identity of the offense—contains
 ambiguities, contradictions, or logical gaps, rendering it impossible to verify,
 on appeal, whether the law was applied correctly. In such cases, the judgment
 lacks a lawful basis.'
 - 'According to Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From these provisions, it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence detrimental to themselves
 or another; and
 c) Damage to another’s property, as defined under civil law, which must be causally
 connected to the perpetrator’s deceptive acts.
 From the above provisions, it is deduced that the crime of fraud is established
 both objectively and subjectively through the knowing misrepresentation of false
 facts as true, or the unlawful concealment or suppression of true ones, by which
 another person is deceived and, as a result, performs an act, omission, or acquiescence
 involving a disposition of property that directly and necessarily causes financial
 damage to the deceived person or another, with the intent that the perpetrator
 or another gain an unlawful benefit. It is irrelevant whether this intended benefit
 was ultimately achieved.
 The term “facts,” within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those expected to occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. The false fact must have existed
 in the past or must be a present circumstance at the time it is asserted, and
 cannot relate to the future.
 However, when future circumstances—that is, promises or contractual obligations—are
 accompanied by false assurances and representations of other false facts referring
 to the present or past, in such a way as to create the impression of future fulfillment,
 based on a false present situation or supposed ability of the perpetrator, who
 had already made the decision not to fulfill their obligation, then the crime
 of fraud is established.'
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another person’s property by persuading someone to act,
 omit, or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts
 as true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision, it follows that for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) Intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, regardless of whether this benefit was actually realized;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which, as a causal factor, someone
 is deceived and acts in a way that is detrimental to themselves or another (by
 an act, omission, or acquiescence); and
 c) Damage to another’s property, in the sense recognized by civil law, which must
 be causally linked to the fraudulent conduct (the deceptive act or omission of
 the perpetrator) and to the resulting deception of the person who made the property
 disposition. It is not required that the person deceived be the same person who
 suffered the damage.
 Property damage exists when there is a reduction or deterioration in the victim’s
 assets, even if the victim has an active claim to restitution. However, as an
 element of the objective aspect of the crime of fraud, the damage must be the
 direct, necessary, and exclusive result of the property disposition—namely, the
 act, omission, or acquiescence performed by the person deceived by the perpetrator’s
 fraudulent conduct.
 There must therefore be a causal connection between the perpetrator’s deceptive
 behavior and the deception it caused, as well as between this deception and the
 resulting property damage, which must be the direct, necessary, and exclusive
 outcome of the deception and of the act, omission, or acquiescence of the deceived
 person.
 The term “facts” refers to real circumstances relating to the past or present,
 and not to those expected to occur in the future, such as mere promises or contractual
 obligations. However, when such promises or obligations are accompanied by false
 assurances and representations of other false facts relating to the present or
 the past, in such a way as to create the impression of future fulfillment, based
 on the false present situation presented by a perpetrator who has already made
 the decision not to fulfill their obligation, then the crime of fraud is established.
 The time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed their deceptive conduct—that is, when they made the false
 representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any later time at which
 the victim’s financial loss actually occurred—thus completing the fraud—or the
 time when the deceived person performed the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.'
- source_sentence: How are victims tricked in email phishing scams?
 sentences:
 - 'According to Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From these provisions, it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence detrimental to themselves
 or another; and
 c) Damage to another’s property, as defined under civil law, which must be causally
 connected to the perpetrator’s deceptive acts.
 From the above provisions, it is deduced that the crime of fraud is established
 both objectively and subjectively through the knowing misrepresentation of false
 facts as true, or the unlawful concealment or suppression of true ones, by which
 another person is deceived and, as a result, performs an act, omission, or acquiescence
 involving a disposition of property that directly and necessarily causes financial
 damage to the deceived person or another, with the intent that the perpetrator
 or another gain an unlawful benefit. It is irrelevant whether this intended benefit
 was ultimately achieved.
 The term “facts,” within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those expected to occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. The false fact must have existed
 in the past or must be a present circumstance at the time it is asserted, and
 cannot relate to the future.
 However, when future circumstances—that is, promises or contractual obligations—are
 accompanied by false assurances and representations of other false facts referring
 to the present or past, in such a way as to create the impression of future fulfillment,
 based on a false present situation or supposed ability of the perpetrator, who
 had already made the decision not to fulfill their obligation, then the crime
 of fraud is established.'
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit, without it being necessary that the benefit actually materialize;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence that is detrimental
 to themselves or another; and
 c) Damage to another person’s property, as defined under civil law, which must
 be causally linked to the deceptive acts or omissions of the perpetrator. It is
 not required that the person deceived and the person who suffered the damage be
 the same individual.
 The term “facts”, within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises
 or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other
 false facts referring to the present or the past, in such a manner as to create
 the impression of future fulfillment based on a false present situation fabricated
 by the perpetrator, who has already formed the decision not to fulfill their obligation,
 the crime of fraud is established.
 The term “property” refers to the totality of a person’s economic assets that
 possess monetary value, while damage to property means its reduction—specifically,
 the difference between the monetary value the property had before the disposition
 caused by the fraudulent conduct and the value remaining after it. Property damage
 exists even if the victim possesses an active claim for restitution.
 The time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed their fraudulent conduct, namely when they made the false
 representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any subsequent moment
 at which the victim’s damage actually occurred—thereby completing the fraud—or
 the time when the victim carried out the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.'
 - 'Email phishing is a type of identity theft scam conducted via email or SMS. The
 attacker uses social engineering tactics such as impersonating trusted entities
 and inducing urgency. Victims are tricked into disclosing personal information
 or downloading malware.
 Scenarios:
 - Scenario 1: Emails impersonating high-ranking executives accuse victims of crimes
 to coerce them into revealing information or opening malware-laden attachments.
 - Scenario 2: Emails/SMS from fake banks or authorities alert victims of data
 breaches, directing them to spoofed websites to input credentials.
 - Scenario 3: SMS messages deliver disguised malware apps that harvest sensitive
 data.
 - Scenario 4: SMS links lead to pharming sites that mimic trusted brands and steal
 login data through fake pop-ups.'
- source_sentence: What circumstances do the term 'facts' refer to within the meaning
 of the provision?
 sentences:
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another person’s property by persuading someone to act,
 omit, or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts
 as true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision, it follows that for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) Intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, regardless of whether this benefit was actually realized;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which, as a causal factor, someone
 is deceived and acts in a way that is detrimental to themselves or another (by
 an act, omission, or acquiescence); and
 c) Damage to another’s property, in the sense recognized by civil law, which must
 be causally linked to the fraudulent conduct (the deceptive act or omission of
 the perpetrator) and to the resulting deception of the person who made the property
 disposition. It is not required that the person deceived be the same person who
 suffered the damage.
 Property damage exists when there is a reduction or deterioration in the victim’s
 assets, even if the victim has an active claim to restitution. However, as an
 element of the objective aspect of the crime of fraud, the damage must be the
 direct, necessary, and exclusive result of the property disposition—namely, the
 act, omission, or acquiescence performed by the person deceived by the perpetrator’s
 fraudulent conduct.
 There must therefore be a causal connection between the perpetrator’s deceptive
 behavior and the deception it caused, as well as between this deception and the
 resulting property damage, which must be the direct, necessary, and exclusive
 outcome of the deception and of the act, omission, or acquiescence of the deceived
 person.
 The term “facts” refers to real circumstances relating to the past or present,
 and not to those expected to occur in the future, such as mere promises or contractual
 obligations. However, when such promises or obligations are accompanied by false
 assurances and representations of other false facts relating to the present or
 the past, in such a way as to create the impression of future fulfillment, based
 on the false present situation presented by a perpetrator who has already made
 the decision not to fulfill their obligation, then the crime of fraud is established.
 The time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed their deceptive conduct—that is, when they made the false
 representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any later time at which
 the victim’s financial loss actually occurred—thus completing the fraud—or the
 time when the deceived person performed the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.'
 - '1. Anyone who, by knowingly presenting false facts as true or by unlawfully concealing
 or withholding true facts, damages another person''s property by persuading someone
 to act, omission, or tolerance with the aim of obtaining, for themselves or another,
 an unlawful financial gain from the damage to that property shall be punished
 with imprisonment, "and if the damage caused is particularly great, with imprisonment
 of at least three (3) months and a fine." .
 If the damage caused exceeds a total of one hundred and twenty thousand (120,000)
 euros, imprisonment of up to ten (10) years and a fine shall be imposed.
 2. If the fraud is directed directly against the legal entity of the Greek State,
 legal entities governed by public law, or local government organizations, and
 the damage caused exceeds a total of one hundred and twenty thousand (120,000)
 euros, a prison sentence of at least ten (10) years and a fine of up to one thousand
 (1,000) daily units shall be imposed. This offense shall be time-barred after
 twenty (20) years.
 '
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit, without it being necessary that the benefit actually materialize;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence that is detrimental
 to themselves or another; and
 c) Damage to another person’s property, as defined under civil law, which must
 be causally linked to the deceptive acts or omissions of the perpetrator. It is
 not required that the person deceived and the person who suffered the damage be
 the same individual.
 The term “facts”, within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises
 or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other
 false facts referring to the present or the past, in such a manner as to create
 the impression of future fulfillment based on a false present situation fabricated
 by the perpetrator, who has already formed the decision not to fulfill their obligation,
 the crime of fraud is established.
 The term “property” refers to the totality of a person’s economic assets that
 possess monetary value, while damage to property means its reduction—specifically,
 the difference between the monetary value the property had before the disposition
 caused by the fraudulent conduct and the value remaining after it. Property damage
 exists even if the victim possesses an active claim for restitution.
 The time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed their fraudulent conduct, namely when they made the false
 representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any subsequent moment
 at which the victim’s damage actually occurred—thereby completing the fraud—or
 the time when the victim carried out the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.'
- source_sentence: When is the time of commission of the fraud considered?
 sentences:
 - 'Spear phishing targets specific individuals or employees within an organization
 using personalized, deceptive emails. Unlike mass phishing, these emails are crafted
 to seem familiar and urgent.
 Scenarios:
 - CEO Fraud: Attackers impersonate executives to extract financial or sensitive
 data from employees.
 - Whaling: High-ranking executives are targeted using tailored fraud emails that
 press for immediate action without verification.'
 - 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From this provision it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit, without it being necessary that the benefit actually materialize;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence that is detrimental
 to themselves or another; and
 c) Damage to another person’s property, as defined under civil law, which must
 be causally linked to the deceptive acts or omissions of the perpetrator. It is
 not required that the person deceived and the person who suffered the damage be
 the same individual.
 The term “facts”, within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises
 or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other
 false facts referring to the present or the past, in such a manner as to create
 the impression of future fulfillment based on a false present situation fabricated
 by the perpetrator, who has already formed the decision not to fulfill their obligation,
 the crime of fraud is established.
 The term “property” refers to the totality of a person’s economic assets that
 possess monetary value, while damage to property means its reduction—specifically,
 the difference between the monetary value the property had before the disposition
 caused by the fraudulent conduct and the value remaining after it. Property damage
 exists even if the victim possesses an active claim for restitution.
 The time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator
 acted and completed their fraudulent conduct, namely when they made the false
 representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any subsequent moment
 at which the victim’s damage actually occurred—thereby completing the fraud—or
 the time when the victim carried out the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.'
 - 'According to Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,
 "Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary
 benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit,
 or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as
 true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall
 be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused
 is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."
 From these provisions, it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established,
 the following elements are required:
 a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful
 pecuniary benefit;
 b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment
 or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone
 is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence detrimental to themselves
 or another; and
 c) Damage to another’s property, as defined under civil law, which must be causally
 connected to the perpetrator’s deceptive acts.
 From the above provisions, it is deduced that the crime of fraud is established
 both objectively and subjectively through the knowing misrepresentation of false
 facts as true, or the unlawful concealment or suppression of true ones, by which
 another person is deceived and, as a result, performs an act, omission, or acquiescence
 involving a disposition of property that directly and necessarily causes financial
 damage to the deceived person or another, with the intent that the perpetrator
 or another gain an unlawful benefit. It is irrelevant whether this intended benefit
 was ultimately achieved.
 The term “facts,” within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances
 relating to the past or present, and not to those expected to occur in the future,
 such as mere promises or contractual obligations. The false fact must have existed
 in the past or must be a present circumstance at the time it is asserted, and
 cannot relate to the future.
 However, when future circumstances—that is, promises or contractual obligations—are
 accompanied by false assurances and representations of other false facts referring
 to the present or past, in such a way as to create the impression of future fulfillment,
 based on a false present situation or supposed ability of the perpetrator, who
 had already made the decision not to fulfill their obligation, then the crime
 of fraud is established.'
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
- cosine_accuracy@1
- cosine_accuracy@3
- cosine_accuracy@5
- cosine_accuracy@10
- cosine_precision@1
- cosine_precision@3
- cosine_precision@5
- cosine_precision@10
- cosine_recall@1
- cosine_recall@3
- cosine_recall@5
- cosine_recall@10
- cosine_ndcg@10
- cosine_mrr@10
- cosine_map@100
model-index:
- name: multilingual_e5_large Finetuned on Data
 results:
 - task:
 type: information-retrieval
 name: Information Retrieval
 dataset:
 name: dim 1024
 type: dim_1024
 metrics:
 - type: cosine_accuracy@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@1
 - type: cosine_accuracy@3
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@3
 - type: cosine_accuracy@5
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@5
 - type: cosine_accuracy@10
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@10
 - type: cosine_precision@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Precision@1
 - type: cosine_precision@3
 value: 0.5079365079365079
 name: Cosine Precision@3
 - type: cosine_precision@5
 value: 0.4666666666666666
 name: Cosine Precision@5
 - type: cosine_precision@10
 value: 0.4428571428571429
 name: Cosine Precision@10
 - type: cosine_recall@1
 value: 0.08218864468864469
 name: Cosine Recall@1
 - type: cosine_recall@3
 value: 0.22275641025641024
 name: Cosine Recall@3
 - type: cosine_recall@5
 value: 0.2958638583638584
 name: Cosine Recall@5
 - type: cosine_recall@10
 value: 0.4766483516483517
 name: Cosine Recall@10
 - type: cosine_ndcg@10
 value: 0.5598242514045669
 name: Cosine Ndcg@10
 - type: cosine_mrr@10
 value: 0.5374149659863945
 name: Cosine Mrr@10
 - type: cosine_map@100
 value: 0.6534286699882501
 name: Cosine Map@100
 - task:
 type: information-retrieval
 name: Information Retrieval
 dataset:
 name: dim 768
 type: dim_768
 metrics:
 - type: cosine_accuracy@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@1
 - type: cosine_accuracy@3
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@3
 - type: cosine_accuracy@5
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@5
 - type: cosine_accuracy@10
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@10
 - type: cosine_precision@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Precision@1
 - type: cosine_precision@3
 value: 0.5079365079365079
 name: Cosine Precision@3
 - type: cosine_precision@5
 value: 0.4666666666666666
 name: Cosine Precision@5
 - type: cosine_precision@10
 value: 0.4428571428571429
 name: Cosine Precision@10
 - type: cosine_recall@1
 value: 0.08218864468864469
 name: Cosine Recall@1
 - type: cosine_recall@3
 value: 0.22275641025641024
 name: Cosine Recall@3
 - type: cosine_recall@5
 value: 0.2958638583638584
 name: Cosine Recall@5
 - type: cosine_recall@10
 value: 0.4766483516483517
 name: Cosine Recall@10
 - type: cosine_ndcg@10
 value: 0.5598242514045669
 name: Cosine Ndcg@10
 - type: cosine_mrr@10
 value: 0.5374149659863945
 name: Cosine Mrr@10
 - type: cosine_map@100
 value: 0.653075337994289
 name: Cosine Map@100
 - task:
 type: information-retrieval
 name: Information Retrieval
 dataset:
 name: dim 512
 type: dim_512
 metrics:
 - type: cosine_accuracy@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@1
 - type: cosine_accuracy@3
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@3
 - type: cosine_accuracy@5
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@5
 - type: cosine_accuracy@10
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@10
 - type: cosine_precision@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Precision@1
 - type: cosine_precision@3
 value: 0.5079365079365079
 name: Cosine Precision@3
 - type: cosine_precision@5
 value: 0.4666666666666666
 name: Cosine Precision@5
 - type: cosine_precision@10
 value: 0.4428571428571429
 name: Cosine Precision@10
 - type: cosine_recall@1
 value: 0.08218864468864469
 name: Cosine Recall@1
 - type: cosine_recall@3
 value: 0.22275641025641024
 name: Cosine Recall@3
 - type: cosine_recall@5
 value: 0.2958638583638584
 name: Cosine Recall@5
 - type: cosine_recall@10
 value: 0.4766483516483517
 name: Cosine Recall@10
 - type: cosine_ndcg@10
 value: 0.5598242514045669
 name: Cosine Ndcg@10
 - type: cosine_mrr@10
 value: 0.5374149659863945
 name: Cosine Mrr@10
 - type: cosine_map@100
 value: 0.6492208787775379
 name: Cosine Map@100
 - task:
 type: information-retrieval
 name: Information Retrieval
 dataset:
 name: dim 256
 type: dim_256
 metrics:
 - type: cosine_accuracy@1
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@1
 - type: cosine_accuracy@3
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@3
 - type: cosine_accuracy@5
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@5
 - type: cosine_accuracy@10
 value: 0.6666666666666666
 name: Cosine Accuracy@10
 - type: cosine_precision@1
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Precision@1
 - type: cosine_precision@3
 value: 0.6031746031746031
 name: Cosine Precision@3
 - type: cosine_precision@5
 value: 0.5619047619047619
 name: Cosine Precision@5
 - type: cosine_precision@10
 value: 0.5190476190476192
 name: Cosine Precision@10
 - type: cosine_recall@1
 value: 0.08600427350427349
 name: Cosine Recall@1
 - type: cosine_recall@3
 value: 0.2342032967032967
 name: Cosine Recall@3
 - type: cosine_recall@5
 value: 0.31494200244200243
 name: Cosine Recall@5
 - type: cosine_recall@10
 value: 0.5028998778998779
 name: Cosine Recall@10
 - type: cosine_ndcg@10
 value: 0.6420780535145918
 name: Cosine Ndcg@10
 - type: cosine_mrr@10
 value: 0.6258503401360545
 name: Cosine Mrr@10
 - type: cosine_map@100
 value: 0.6975707466438095
 name: Cosine Map@100
 - task:
 type: information-retrieval
 name: Information Retrieval
 dataset:
 name: dim 128
 type: dim_128
 metrics:
 - type: cosine_accuracy@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@1
 - type: cosine_accuracy@3
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@3
 - type: cosine_accuracy@5
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Accuracy@5
 - type: cosine_accuracy@10
 value: 0.6190476190476191
 name: Cosine Accuracy@10
 - type: cosine_precision@1
 value: 0.5238095238095238
 name: Cosine Precision@1
 - type: cosine_precision@3
 value: 0.5079365079365079
 name: Cosine Precision@3
 - type: cosine_precision@5
 value: 0.4666666666666666
 name: Cosine Precision@5
 - type: cosine_precision@10
 value: 0.4428571428571429
 name: Cosine Precision@10
 - type: cosine_recall@1
 value: 0.0811965811965812
 name: Cosine Recall@1
 - type: cosine_recall@3
 value: 0.21978021978021975
 name: Cosine Recall@3
 - type: cosine_recall@5
 value: 0.2909035409035409
 name: Cosine Recall@5
 - type: cosine_recall@10
 value: 0.46672771672771673
 name: Cosine Recall@10
 - type: cosine_ndcg@10
 value: 0.5598242514045669
 name: Cosine Ndcg@10
 - type: cosine_mrr@10
 value: 0.5374149659863945
 name: Cosine Mrr@10
 - type: cosine_map@100
 value: 0.6478872365910466
 name: Cosine Map@100
 - task:
 type: information-retrieval
 name: Information Retrieval
 dataset:
 name: dim 64
 type: dim_64
 metrics:
 - type: cosine_accuracy@1
 value: 0.42857142857142855
 name: Cosine Accuracy@1
 - type: cosine_accuracy@3
 value: 0.47619047619047616
 name: Cosine Accuracy@3
 - type: cosine_accuracy@5
 value: 0.47619047619047616
 name: Cosine Accuracy@5
 - type: cosine_accuracy@10
 value: 0.5714285714285714
 name: Cosine Accuracy@10
 - type: cosine_precision@1
 value: 0.42857142857142855
 name: Cosine Precision@1
 - type: cosine_precision@3
 value: 0.4444444444444445
 name: Cosine Precision@3
 - type: cosine_precision@5
 value: 0.419047619047619
 name: Cosine Precision@5
 - type: cosine_precision@10
 value: 0.3952380952380953
 name: Cosine Precision@10
 - type: cosine_recall@1
 value: 0.054410866910866905
 name: Cosine Recall@1
 - type: cosine_recall@3
 value: 0.18704212454212454
 name: Cosine Recall@3
 - type: cosine_recall@5
 value: 0.27602258852258854
 name: Cosine Recall@5
 - type: cosine_recall@10
 value: 0.43696581196581197
 name: Cosine Recall@10
 - type: cosine_ndcg@10
 value: 0.4917595713548203
 name: Cosine Ndcg@10
 - type: cosine_mrr@10
 value: 0.45804988662131524
 name: Cosine Mrr@10
 - type: cosine_map@100
 value: 0.5872011588310861
 name: Cosine Map@100
---
# multilingual_e5_large Finetuned on Data
This is a [sentence-transformers](https://www.SBERT.net) model finetuned from [intfloat/multilingual-e5-large](https://huggingface.co/intfloat/multilingual-e5-large). It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 1024-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.
## Model Details
### Model Description
- **Model Type:** Sentence Transformer
- **Base model:** [intfloat/multilingual-e5-large](https://huggingface.co/intfloat/multilingual-e5-large) <!-- at revision 0dc5580a448e4284468b8909bae50fa925907bc5 -->
- **Maximum Sequence Length:** 512 tokens
- **Output Dimensionality:** 1024 dimensions
- **Similarity Function:** Cosine Similarity
<!-- - **Training Dataset:** Unknown -->
- **Language:** en
- **License:** apache-2.0
### Model Sources
- **Documentation:** [Sentence Transformers Documentation](https://sbert.net)
- **Repository:** [Sentence Transformers on GitHub](https://github.com/UKPLab/sentence-transformers)
- **Hugging Face:** [Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face](https://huggingface.co/models?library=sentence-transformers)
### Full Model Architecture
```
SentenceTransformer(
 (0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': False, 'architecture': 'XLMRobertaModel'})
 (1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 1024, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': True, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
 (2): Normalize()
)
```
## Usage
### Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
```bash
pip install -U sentence-transformers
```
Then you can load this model and run inference.
```python
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("sentence_transformers_model_id")
# Run inference
sentences = [
 'When is the time of commission of the fraud considered?',
 'According to the provision of Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,\n\n"Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit, or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."\n\nFrom this provision it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established, the following elements are required:\n\na) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary benefit, without it being necessary that the benefit actually materialize;\n\nb) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence that is detrimental to themselves or another; and\n\nc) Damage to another person’s property, as defined under civil law, which must be causally linked to the deceptive acts or omissions of the perpetrator. It is not required that the person deceived and the person who suffered the damage be the same individual.\n\nThe term “facts”, within the meaning of the above provision, refers to real circumstances relating to the past or present, and not to those that will occur in the future, such as mere promises or contractual obligations. However, when such promises or obligations are accompanied by false assurances and representations of other false facts referring to the present or the past, in such a manner as to create the impression of future fulfillment based on a false present situation fabricated by the perpetrator, who has already formed the decision not to fulfill their obligation, the crime of fraud is established.\n\nThe term “property” refers to the totality of a person’s economic assets that possess monetary value, while damage to property means its reduction—specifically, the difference between the monetary value the property had before the disposition caused by the fraudulent conduct and the value remaining after it. Property damage exists even if the victim possesses an active claim for restitution.\n\nThe time of commission of the fraud is considered to be the moment when the perpetrator acted and completed their fraudulent conduct, namely when they made the false representations that deceived the victim or a third party. Any subsequent moment at which the victim’s damage actually occurred—thereby completing the fraud—or the time when the victim carried out the harmful act or omission, is irrelevant.',
 'Spear phishing targets specific individuals or employees within an organization using personalized, deceptive emails. Unlike mass phishing, these emails are crafted to seem familiar and urgent.\n\nScenarios:\n- CEO Fraud: Attackers impersonate executives to extract financial or sensitive data from employees.\n- Whaling: High-ranking executives are targeted using tailored fraud emails that press for immediate action without verification.',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 1024]
# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities)
# tensor([[1.0000, 0.6673, 0.4780],
# [0.6673, 1.0000, 0.4691],
# [0.4780, 0.4691, 1.0000]])
```
<!--
### Direct Usage (Transformers)
<details><summary>Click to see the direct usage in Transformers</summary>
</details>
-->
<!--
### Downstream Usage (Sentence Transformers)
You can finetune this model on your own dataset.
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
</details>
-->
<!--
### Out-of-Scope Use
*List how the model may foreseeably be misused and address what users ought not to do with the model.*
-->
## Evaluation
### Metrics
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_1024`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "truncate_dim": 1024
 }
 ```
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.619 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.5079 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.4667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.4429 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.0822 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.2228 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.2959 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.4766 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.5598** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.5374 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.6534 |
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_768`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "truncate_dim": 768
 }
 ```
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.619 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.5079 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.4667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.4429 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.0822 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.2228 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.2959 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.4766 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.5598** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.5374 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.6531 |
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_512`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "truncate_dim": 512
 }
 ```
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.619 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.5079 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.4667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.4429 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.0822 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.2228 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.2959 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.4766 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.5598** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.5374 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.6492 |
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_256`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "truncate_dim": 256
 }
 ```
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.619 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.619 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.619 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.6667 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.619 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.6032 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.5619 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.519 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.086 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.2342 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.3149 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.5029 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.6421** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.6259 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.6976 |
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_128`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "truncate_dim": 128
 }
 ```
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.619 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.5238 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.5079 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.4667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.4429 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.0812 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.2198 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.2909 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.4667 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.5598** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.5374 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.6479 |
#### Information Retrieval
* Dataset: `dim_64`
* Evaluated with [<code>InformationRetrievalEvaluator</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/evaluation.html#sentence_transformers.evaluation.InformationRetrievalEvaluator) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "truncate_dim": 64
 }
 ```
| Metric | Value |
|:--------------------|:-----------|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.4286 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.4762 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.4762 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 0.5714 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.4286 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.4444 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.419 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.3952 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.0544 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.187 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.276 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 0.437 |
| **cosine_ndcg@10** | **0.4918** |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.458 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.5872 |
<!--
## Bias, Risks and Limitations
*What are the known or foreseeable issues stemming from this model? You could also flag here known failure cases or weaknesses of the model.*
-->
<!--
### Recommendations
*What are recommendations with respect to the foreseeable issues? For example, filtering explicit content.*
-->
## Training Details
### Training Dataset
#### Unnamed Dataset
* Size: 82 training samples
* Columns: <code>anchor</code> and <code>positive</code>
* Approximate statistics based on the first 82 samples:
 | | anchor | positive |
 |:--------|:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
 | type | string | string |
 | details | <ul><li>min: 9 tokens</li><li>mean: 18.17 tokens</li><li>max: 34 tokens</li></ul> | <ul><li>min: 69 tokens</li><li>mean: 399.51 tokens</li><li>max: 512 tokens</li></ul> |
* Samples:
 | anchor | positive |
 |:----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
 | <code>What determines whether the act in question shall be punished if the offender is in the service of the legal holder of the data?</code> | <code>Everyone who obtains access to data recorded in a computer or in the external memory of a computer or transmitted by telecommunication systems shall be punished with imprisonment for up to six months or by a fine from 29 to 15,000 Euro, under the condition that these acts have been committed without right, especially in violation of prohibitions or of security measures taken by the legal holder. If the act concerns the international relations or the security of the State, he shall be punished according to Article 148.<br>If the offender is in the service of the legal holder of the data, the act of the preceding paragraph shall be punished only if it has been explicitly prohibited by internal regulations or by a written decision of the holder or of a competent employee of his.<br></code> |
 | <code>What must be causally connected to the perpetrator's deceptive acts?</code> | <code>According to Article 386 paragraph 1 of the Greek Penal Code,<br><br>"Whoever, with the intent to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary benefit, causes damage to another’s property by persuading someone to act, omit, or tolerate something through the knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or through the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, shall be punished by imprisonment of at least three months, and if the damage caused is particularly large, by imprisonment of at least two years."<br><br>From these provisions, it follows that, for the crime of fraud to be established, the following elements are required:<br><br>a) The intent of the perpetrator to obtain for themselves or another an unlawful pecuniary benefit;<br><br>b) The knowing misrepresentation of false facts as true, or the unlawful concealment or suppression of true facts, as a result of which—serving as the causal factor—someone is deceived and proceeds to an act, omission, or acquiescence detrimental to th...</code> |
 | <code>Who can be punished with imprisonment?</code> | <code>1. Anyone who, by knowingly presenting false facts as true or by unlawfully concealing or withholding true facts, damages another person's property by persuading someone to act, omission, or tolerance with the aim of obtaining, for themselves or another, an unlawful financial gain from the damage to that property shall be punished with imprisonment, "and if the damage caused is particularly great, with imprisonment of at least three (3) months and a fine." .<br>If the damage caused exceeds a total of one hundred and twenty thousand (120,000) euros, imprisonment of up to ten (10) years and a fine shall be imposed.<br>2. If the fraud is directed directly against the legal entity of the Greek State, legal entities governed by public law, or local government organizations, and the damage caused exceeds a total of one hundred and twenty thousand (120,000) euros, a prison sentence of at least ten (10) years and a fine of up to one thousand (1,000) daily units shall be imposed. This offense shall b...</code> |
* Loss: [<code>MatryoshkaLoss</code>](https://sbert.net/docs/package_reference/sentence_transformer/losses.html#matryoshkaloss) with these parameters:
 ```json
 {
 "loss": "MultipleNegativesRankingLoss",
 "matryoshka_dims": [
 1024,
 768,
 512,
 256,
 128,
 64
 ],
 "matryoshka_weights": [
 1,
 1,
 1,
 1,
 1,
 1
 ],
 "n_dims_per_step": -1
 }
 ```
### Training Hyperparameters
#### Non-Default Hyperparameters
- `eval_strategy`: epoch
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 2
- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
- `num_train_epochs`: 10
- `lr_scheduler_type`: cosine
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1
- `bf16`: True
- `tf32`: True
- `load_best_model_at_end`: True
- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
#### All Hyperparameters
<details><summary>Click to expand</summary>
- `overwrite_output_dir`: False
- `do_predict`: False
- `eval_strategy`: epoch
- `prediction_loss_only`: True
- `per_device_train_batch_size`: 8
- `per_device_eval_batch_size`: 8
- `per_gpu_train_batch_size`: None
- `per_gpu_eval_batch_size`: None
- `gradient_accumulation_steps`: 2
- `eval_accumulation_steps`: None
- `torch_empty_cache_steps`: None
- `learning_rate`: 2e-05
- `weight_decay`: 0.0
- `adam_beta1`: 0.9
- `adam_beta2`: 0.999
- `adam_epsilon`: 1e-08
- `max_grad_norm`: 1.0
- `num_train_epochs`: 10
- `max_steps`: -1
- `lr_scheduler_type`: cosine
- `lr_scheduler_kwargs`: {}
- `warmup_ratio`: 0.1
- `warmup_steps`: 0
- `log_level`: passive
- `log_level_replica`: warning
- `log_on_each_node`: True
- `logging_nan_inf_filter`: True
- `save_safetensors`: True
- `save_on_each_node`: False
- `save_only_model`: False
- `restore_callback_states_from_checkpoint`: False
- `no_cuda`: False
- `use_cpu`: False
- `use_mps_device`: False
- `seed`: 42
- `data_seed`: None
- `jit_mode_eval`: False
- `use_ipex`: False
- `bf16`: True
- `fp16`: False
- `fp16_opt_level`: O1
- `half_precision_backend`: auto
- `bf16_full_eval`: False
- `fp16_full_eval`: False
- `tf32`: True
- `local_rank`: 0
- `ddp_backend`: None
- `tpu_num_cores`: None
- `tpu_metrics_debug`: False
- `debug`: []
- `dataloader_drop_last`: False
- `dataloader_num_workers`: 0
- `dataloader_prefetch_factor`: None
- `past_index`: -1
- `disable_tqdm`: False
- `remove_unused_columns`: True
- `label_names`: None
- `load_best_model_at_end`: True
- `ignore_data_skip`: False
- `fsdp`: []
- `fsdp_min_num_params`: 0
- `fsdp_config`: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}
- `tp_size`: 0
- `fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap`: None
- `accelerator_config`: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}
- `deepspeed`: None
- `label_smoothing_factor`: 0.0
- `optim`: adamw_torch_fused
- `optim_args`: None
- `adafactor`: False
- `group_by_length`: False
- `length_column_name`: length
- `ddp_find_unused_parameters`: None
- `ddp_bucket_cap_mb`: None
- `ddp_broadcast_buffers`: False
- `dataloader_pin_memory`: True
- `dataloader_persistent_workers`: False
- `skip_memory_metrics`: True
- `use_legacy_prediction_loop`: False
- `push_to_hub`: False
- `resume_from_checkpoint`: None
- `hub_model_id`: None
- `hub_strategy`: every_save
- `hub_private_repo`: None
- `hub_always_push`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing`: False
- `gradient_checkpointing_kwargs`: None
- `include_inputs_for_metrics`: False
- `include_for_metrics`: []
- `eval_do_concat_batches`: True
- `fp16_backend`: auto
- `push_to_hub_model_id`: None
- `push_to_hub_organization`: None
- `mp_parameters`:
- `auto_find_batch_size`: False
- `full_determinism`: False
- `torchdynamo`: None
- `ray_scope`: last
- `ddp_timeout`: 1800
- `torch_compile`: False
- `torch_compile_backend`: None
- `torch_compile_mode`: None
- `include_tokens_per_second`: False
- `include_num_input_tokens_seen`: False
- `neftune_noise_alpha`: None
- `optim_target_modules`: None
- `batch_eval_metrics`: False
- `eval_on_start`: False
- `use_liger_kernel`: False
- `eval_use_gather_object`: False
- `average_tokens_across_devices`: False
- `prompts`: None
- `batch_sampler`: no_duplicates
- `multi_dataset_batch_sampler`: proportional
- `router_mapping`: {}
- `learning_rate_mapping`: {}
</details>
### Training Logs
| Epoch | Step | Training Loss | dim_1024_cosine_ndcg@10 | dim_768_cosine_ndcg@10 | dim_512_cosine_ndcg@10 | dim_256_cosine_ndcg@10 | dim_128_cosine_ndcg@10 | dim_64_cosine_ndcg@10 |
|:----------:|:------:|:-------------:|:-----------------------:|:----------------------:|:----------------------:|:----------------------:|:----------------------:|:---------------------:|
| 0.1818 | 1 | 18.029 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 0.3636 | 2 | 19.4106 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 0.5455 | 3 | 16.6201 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 0.7273 | 4 | 15.3048 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 0.9091 | 5 | 14.0182 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1.0 | 6 | 6.4771 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1.0909 | 7 | 6.7664 | 0.6167 | 0.5821 | 0.5524 | 0.5177 | 0.5278 | 0.4124 |
| 1.1818 | 8 | 11.8583 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1.3636 | 9 | 11.9216 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1.5455 | 10 | 13.3764 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1.7273 | 11 | 12.9063 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 1.9091 | 12 | 13.5984 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2.0 | 13 | 7.8523 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| **2.0909** | **14** | **4.4487** | **0.5921** | **0.5921** | **0.5518** | **0.5709** | **0.5685** | **0.5113** |
| 2.1818 | 15 | 8.5374 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2.3636 | 16 | 9.6999 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2.5455 | 17 | 9.0121 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2.7273 | 18 | 13.5705 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 2.9091 | 19 | 13.0195 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3.0 | 20 | 7.9821 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3.0909 | 21 | 3.2842 | 0.5159 | 0.5636 | 0.5468 | 0.5468 | 0.5468 | 0.5233 |
| 3.1818 | 22 | 4.4446 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3.3636 | 23 | 5.7244 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3.5455 | 24 | 7.1394 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3.7273 | 25 | 16.7583 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 3.9091 | 26 | 11.3515 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 4.0 | 27 | 8.813 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 4.0909 | 28 | 6.9124 | 0.5159 | 0.5468 | 0.4992 | 0.5468 | 0.4992 | 0.4992 |
| 4.1818 | 29 | 6.1814 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 4.3636 | 30 | 7.1606 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 4.5455 | 31 | 5.0888 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 4.7273 | 32 | 5.0684 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 4.9091 | 33 | 6.7382 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 5.0 | 34 | 7.0497 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 5.0909 | 35 | 6.582 | 0.5598 | 0.5598 | 0.5598 | 0.6421 | 0.5598 | 0.4918 |
* The bold row denotes the saved checkpoint.
### Framework Versions
- Python: 3.12.12
- Sentence Transformers: 5.1.1
- Transformers: 4.51.3
- PyTorch: 2.8.0+cu126
- Accelerate: 1.11.0
- Datasets: 4.0.0
- Tokenizers: 0.21.4
## Citation
### BibTeX
#### Sentence Transformers
```bibtex
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
 title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
 author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
 booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
 month = "11",
 year = "2019",
 publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
 url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
```
#### MatryoshkaLoss
```bibtex
@misc{kusupati2024matryoshka,
 title={Matryoshka Representation Learning},
 author={Aditya Kusupati and Gantavya Bhatt and Aniket Rege and Matthew Wallingford and Aditya Sinha and Vivek Ramanujan and William Howard-Snyder and Kaifeng Chen and Sham Kakade and Prateek Jain and Ali Farhadi},
 year={2024},
 eprint={2205.13147},
 archivePrefix={arXiv},
 primaryClass={cs.LG}
}
```
#### MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
```bibtex
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
 title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
 author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
 year={2017},
 eprint={1705.00652},
 archivePrefix={arXiv},
 primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```
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