content listlengths 1 1 | teacher_response stringlengths 21 4.24k | answer stringclasses 4
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 6-month-old boy was admitted with failure to thrive. Laboratory tests showed hypoglycemia and high glutamine and uracil levels in urine. Gastric tube feeding was not tolerated. The child became comatose and the... | From the given clinical and laboratory data, the diagnosis is hyperammonemia type 2, which is due to the deficiency of the enzyme ornithine transcarbamoylase. There is an accumulation of carbamoyl phosphate, which then enters into pyrimidine synthesis producing orotic acid and uracil and leading to orotic aciduria and ... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The structure which is NOT a component of basal ganglia\nChoices:\nA. Caudate of basal ganglia\nB. Putamen\nC. Globus pallidus\nD. Thalamus\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> u... | Anatomically, basal ganglia include *corpus striatum *claustrum *amygdaloid body Corpus striatum includes caudate nucleus, globus Pallidus, putamen. Functionally, basal ganglia also include substantia nigra and subthalamus. (Ref: Vishram Singh textbook of clinical neuroanatomy, second edition pg-154 )
<answer>(D)</answ... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Green frothy vaginal discharge is produced by -\nChoices:\nA. Herpes simplex\nB. Candida albicans\nC. Trichomonas vaginalis\nD. Normal vaginal flora\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most dangerous type of diptheria -\nChoices:\nA. Facial\nB. Laryngeal\nC. Nasal\nD. Cutaneous\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Laryngealo Clinically diphtheria is divided into :-1) Facial (tonsillo-pharyngeal) diphtheria# It is the commonest type with incubation period of 2-5 days. There is thick adherent pseudomembrane (grey or white) on one or both tonsils or adjacent pharynx. Dislodging of membrane is likely to cause bleed... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Reflex bronchoconstriction is most likely to occur with the following form of inhaled antiasthma medication\nChoices:\nA. Metered dose spray of drug in solution\nB. Dry powder rotacap\nC. Nebuliser\nD. Nebuliser ... | Dry powder inhalers are poable devices in which the capsule (rotacap) containing the drug is punctured/cut across and the powder is aerosolized by the inspiratory air flow of the patient. It requires high velocity inspiration which children, elderly and the very sick may not be capable of. Complications The dry powder ... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A newborn suffering from perforated necrotizing enterocolitis is having the very poor general condition. He is currently stabilized on a ventilator. Which of the following should be done in the management of this... | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common life-threatening emergency of the GIT in the newborn period.
Management of necrotizing enterocolitis
Medical treatment of NEC include
Cessation of feeding
Nasogastric decompression
Administration of i.v. fluids
Systemic antibiotic against both gram +ve as well as gra... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Side effects of phenytoin are :\nChoices:\nA. Gum hypertrophy\nB. Alopecia\nC. Subungal exostosis\nD. Onycholysis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (... |
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The feature of hemorrhagic disease of the new born is -\nChoices:\nA. Prolonged prothrombin time\nB. Defective platelet count\nC. Decreased bleeding time\nD. Prolonged thrombin time\n</Question>\nAt the end prese... | Ans. is 'a' Prolonged prothrombin time Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. It is caused by a deficiency of vitamin K dependent factors (II, VII, IX, X)*. Bleeding occurs in 0.25-1.7% of newborns who do not receive vitamin K prophylaxis after birth. Symptoms - Sites of ecchymoses and surface bleeding include - Gastroint... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most common breech presentation is?\nChoices:\nA. Right sacroanterior\nB. Left sacroanterior\nC. Right sacroposterior\nD. Left sacroposterior\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer>... | Left sacroanterior REF: Dutta 6th ed p. 376 Most common position in breech presentation is left sacroanterior > right sacroanterior.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The process which occurs over cytidine residuces and often results in gene inactivation is\nChoices:\nA. Gene rearrangement\nB. Pseudogene formation\nC. Histone acetylation\nD. DNA Methylation\n</Question>\nAt th... | Mnemonic: DNA Methylation mates the DNA Mute.
Refer the byte " Post transcriptional modification"
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Treatment for the mitochondrial disorder is?\nChoices:\nA. Ascorbic acid\nB. Folic acid\nC. Coenzyme Q-10\nD. All of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upper... | “Mito Cocktail” is the name given to a variety of vitamins and supplements which are commonly used by adults and children who have been diagnosed with mitochondrial disease. It includes :
1. Coenzyme Q-10 (Coenzyme Q10, CoQlO, CoQ-10, CoQ, ubiquinone)
2. L-Carnitine
3. B-Vitamins -Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2), B3, B6... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which one of the following statements concerning liver sinusoids is true?\nChoices:\nA. Their lining includes Ito cells\nB. They receive bile from the hepatocytes\nC. They are lined by nonfenestrated endothelial ... | Liver sinusoids Convey blood to the central vein. Their endothelial cells are fenestrated, Material from the sinusoids may enter the space of Disse through the fenestrae, where it may be endocytosed by hepatocytes. The space of Disse houses Ito cells (fat-storing cells). Because bile is the exocrine secretion of hepato... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Iron is stored in human body in combination with\nChoices:\nA. Albumin\nB. Globulin\nC. Albumin\nD. Apoferritin\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A,... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Multiple erythematous annular lesions with peripheral collorette of scales arranged predominantly on trunk are seen in -\nChoices:\nA. Pityriasis vesicular\nB. Pytiriasis rubra pilaris\nC. Pityriasis rosea\nD. Pi... | PITYRIASIS ROSEA:- Acute Self limiting Skin disorder of previous infectious etiology. caused by HHV 6/7Often asymptomatic. Etiology:-infectious HHV6/7Drugs causing PR like eruption-metronidazole,clonidine,gold and isotretinoin. Clinical features:-1. The primary plaque/patch- herald patch, is the first to appear and is ... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Intralobar sequestration of lung receives blood supply from\nChoices:\nA. Pulmonary aery\nB. Descending abdominal aoa\nC. Internal mammary aery\nD. None of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer i... | A sequestration consists of normally developed bronchioles and alveoli supplied by systemic rather than pulmonary aeries. 95% of the time this blood supply is from the Aoa either above or below the diaphragm. Other characteristic features of sequestration - They occur most commonly in the lower lobes, L > R Lung seques... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All are true about pancreatic fistula in chronic pancreatitis except\nChoices:\nA. Most cases resolve spontaneously by Conservative treatment\nB. Somatostatin is effective in fistula closure\nC. In prevention of ... | Trials have demonstrated the benifit of prophylactic octreotide in the prevention of pancreatic fistula; however the role of octreotide, once fistula is established remains unclear. In such situations, the octreotide administration is continued for upto 2 weeks, while in those who donot seem to respond, it is discontin... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is a stain for fat cells?\nChoices:\nA. PAS\nB. Prussian blue\nC. Sudan IV\nD. Alcian blue\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (... | ANSWER: (C) Sudan IVREF: See APPENDIX-24 for "HISTOLOGY/PATHOLOGY/ MICROBIOLOGY STAINS" APPENDIX - 24Histology/Pathology/Microbiology StainsT issue/substanoeStainCommentAmyloidGross stainingLugol's iodine Light microscopyH & E, Congo redPolarised lightCongo redMetachromatic stainMethyl violet, crystal violetFluorescent... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about nasal myiasis -\nChoices:\nA. Commonly occurs in ethmoidal polys patient\nB. Results from the ova of fly chrysomia\nC. Treated by nasal saline instillation\nD. Cannot cause death of the patient\n</Ques... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Results from the ova of fly chrysomia Nasal myiasis (Maggots in the nose)o It results from the presence of ova of flies particularly chrysomia species in the nose which produce ulceration and destruction of the nasal structure. Mostly seen in atrophic rhinitis when the mucosa becomes insensitive to fl... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Human development index includes A/E :\nChoices:\nA. Crude death rate\nB. Education\nC. Life expectancy at birth\nD. GDP\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase l... | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Crude Death Rate Human development index : includesLongevity (Life expectancy at birth)knowledge (adult literacy rate and mean years of schooling)Income (reveal GDP per capita in purchasing power parity in US Dollars).* HDI values ranges between 0 to 1. the HDI value for a country shows the distance th... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The most common organism among the following that causes acute meningitis in an AIDS patient is\nChoices:\nA. Streptococcus pneumoniae\nB. Streptococcus agalactiae\nC. Cryptococcus neoformans\nD. Listeria monocyt... | Cryptococcosis occurs worldwide since the fungus is soil saprophyte and is the commonest systemic mycosis in India. Cryptococcal meningitis is the most serious type of cryptococcal infection seen in AIDS patients compared to others. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition
<answer>(C)</ans... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Emphysema is due to:\nChoices:\nA. Decreased surface area\nB. Increased solubility\nC. Increased concentration gradient\nD. All\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppe... | Emphysema is due to decreased surface are It is due to alfa 1 anti trypsin deficiency due to which membrane gets destroyed and surface is reduced
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which one of the following is not a feature of leptospirosis -\nChoices:\nA. Aminotransferase elevation to less than five times\nB. Elevated creatinine phosphokinase\nC. Hepatorenal syndrome\nD. Thrombocytopenia\... | The clinical expression of infection by Leptospira , which is related to diverse focal organ dysfunction, includes subclinical infection, an undifferentiated febrile illness, and Weil's disease--the most severe form. Classic Weil's disease is suggested by elevated levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in c... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True regarding crohn's disease are A/E ?\nChoices:\nA. Scleroderma\nB. Transmural involvement\nC. Cobble stone appearance\nD. Skin involvement\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Scleroderma The skin involvement in Crohn's disease causes erythema nodosum, scleroderma does not occur in Crohn's disease. Other extra intestinal manifestations of Crohn's disease: I. Migratory polyahritis 2. Sacroiliaitis 5. Hepatic pericholangitis 7. Clubbing 3. Ankylosing spondylitis 4. Uveitis 6.... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Select the regime of coicosteroids which has the maximum adverse effect potential?\nChoices:\nA. Prednisolone 20 mg/day oral for one year\nB. Prednisolone 60 mg/day oral for 7 days\nC. Dexamethasone 4 mg intraven... | * If used for more than two weeks, coicosteroids can lead to HPA axis suppession. If discontinued abruptly, precipitation of acute adrenal insufficiency can result. This is the most serious adverse effect seen with the use of coicosteroids that can cause death of the patient.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which is concerned with cell mediated immunity?\nChoices:\nA. B - Lymphocytes\nB. T - Lymphocytes\nC. Eosinophils\nD. Monocytes\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppe... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., T - Lymphocytes (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 152)* Cellular (Cell mediated immunity) - T lymphocytes - defense against intracellular microbes.* Humoral immunity - B lymphocytes produces antibodies and convert into plasma cell which are responsible of immunogenic memory defense against extracellular... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Active metabolite of azathioprine ?\nChoices:\nA. 6-thioguanine\nB. 6-thiouracil\nC. 6-mercaptopurine\nD. 6-mercaptoguanine\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercas... | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 6-mercaptopurine Azathioprine It is an analogue of mercaptopurine. It selectively affects T cells - cellular immunity is predominantly affected. It selectively affects defferentiation and formation of T cells. Azathioprine is conveed to active metabolite 6-mercaptopurine. It can inhibit the synthesis ... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>HPV vaccine is:\nChoices:\nA. Monovalent\nB. Bivalent\nC. Quardrivalent\nD. Bivalent & quadrivalent\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D)... | Currently two Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccines are available in India as a protection against cervical cancer Gardasil vaccine: HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18 (Quadrivalent) Cervarix vaccine: HPV types 16, 18 (Bivalent)
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Terminal spined eggs are seen in:\nChoices:\nA. Schistosoma haematobium\nB. Sch. mansoni\nC. Sch. Japonicum\nD. Chlonorchis sinensis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Schistosoma haematobium (Ref: Chatterjee, 12th/e, p. 138)Schistosoma haematobium - has terminal spine QSchistosoma mansoni - Egg has lateral spine QSchistosoma japonicum - Egg has lateral knob Qs
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 6-month-old female infant is brought to the physician with a 2-day history of severe cough, wheezing, and respiratory distress. Physical examination shows rhinitis, mild cyanosis, and fever. Which of the follow... | RSV is an RNA virus, which is the major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants. RSV bronchiolitis or pneumonitis presents with expiratory and inspiratory wheezing, cough, and hyper expansion of both lung fields. Hyperinflation, interstitial infiltrates, and segmented atelectasis are expected findings on chest ... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Hilton's method of incision and drainage of abscess has the advantage of\nChoices:\nA. Complete drainage of pus\nB. Avoids injury to underlying vessels and nerves\nC. Heals without scar\nD. Provides irrigation\n<... | Hilton's method of incision and drainage of abscess is used in neck, axilla and axilla. It avoids injury to underlying vessels and nerves.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Ovary is supplied by which nerve root?\nChoices:\nA. T9\nB. T10\nC. L4\nD. T1\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"role": "user"... | The ovaries are paired organs situated close to the wall on either side of the pelvis minor, a little below the brim. Each measures 2.5-5 cm in length, 1.5-3 cm in breadth, and 0.7-1.5 cm in width, weighing about 4-8 g. The nerve supply of the ovaries arises from T10. The ovary is suspended by means of the mesovarium, ... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In splenic injury conservative m/n is done in -\nChoices:\nA. Hemodynamically unstable\nB. Young pt.\nC. Shatterred spleen\nD. Extreme pallor and hypotension\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answe... | Ans is 'b' ie. Young pts Most serious complications after splenectomy is OPSI (Oppounistic Post Splenectomy Infections) it is most common in young children and immunocompromised adults. "Therefore it is essential to save the spleen in children." Now spleen salvage methods is the management of choice even in adults. Spl... | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following drug is a hallucinogen: September 2011\nChoices:\nA. Quinidine\nB. Disulfiram\nC. Cocaine\nD. Steroids\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperc... | Ans. C: Cocaine The complications of chronic cocaine use include acute anxiety reaction, uncontrolled compulsive behaviour, psychotic episodes (with persecutory delusions, and tactile and other hallucinations), delirium and delusional disorder. Hallucination: It is a disorder of perception (false perception without ext... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Safe yield of a water supply source is the yield that is adequate for?\nChoices:\nA. 80% of the year\nB. 90% of the year\nC. 95% of the year\nD. The whole of the year\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer ... | Water for meeting the requirements of a community can be obtained from various sources like rain, surface water and groundwater. The safe yield of a source of water is defined as the yield that is adequate for 95% of the year. Ref: Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 20th edition, p617
<answer>(C)</answe... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Maximum water and nutrients absorbed in which pa of intestine?\nChoices:\nA. Stomach\nB. Duodenum\nC. Jejunum\nD. Colon\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase le... | Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions: Iron is absorbed in the duodenum. Vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Water and lipids are absorbed by passive diffusion throughout the small intestine. Sodium bicarbonate is absorbed by... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Management of hemarhrosis\nChoices:\nA. Compression bandage\nB. Needle aspiration\nC. P.O.P. cast\nD. All\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C,... | A i.e. Compression bandage; B i.e. Needle aspiration; C i.e. P.O.P. cast
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Hereditary spherocytosis is due to deficiency of:September 2007\nChoices:\nA. Spectrin\nB. Pyruvate kinase\nC. Cytokeratin\nD. Integrin\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using... | Ans. A: SpectrinHereditary spherocytosis (HS) is due to a deficiency of a protein called ankyrin.Ankyrins are cell membrane proteins (thought to interconnect integral proteins with the spectrin-based membrane skeleton)The ankyrin of red blood cells (erythrocytic ankyrin) is called ankyrin-R/ankyrin-1/ ANK1.
<answer>(A)... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 35-year-old farmer consulted a local medical practitioner for recurrent attacks of chest pain. His elder brother had similar complaints and had died suddenly at the age of 40 years. The farmer was advised to ta... | Answer is B (Hyperophic obstructive cardiomyopathy) Family history of the disease and aggravation of symptoms with the intake of Nitroglycerine (Nitrates) nugget the diagnosis of Hyperophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Maximum number of Na+ channels per square micrometer is present in\nChoices:\nA. Cell body\nB. Axon terminal\nC. Surface of myelin\nD. Nodes of Ranvier\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and... | "Saltatory" Conduction in Myelinated Fibers from Node to Node: Even though almost no ions can flow through the thick myelin sheaths of myelinated nerves, they can flow with ease through the nodes of Ranvier.Therefore, action potentials occur only at the nodes. Yet the action potentials are conducted from node to node, ... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Calculi is most commonly seen in:\nChoices:\nA. Minor salivary gland\nB. Major salivary gland\nC. Parotid gland\nD. Sublingual gland\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an... | Sialolithiasis is accumulation of obstructive calcifications within the glandular ductal system, more common in submandibular gland (90%) than the parotid gland (10%).
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Graft Survival in first 48 hours depends on\nChoices:\nA. Plasma imbibition\nB. Ingrowth of capillaries in donor tissue\nC. Amount of Saline in graft\nD. Connection between donor and recipient capillaries.\n</Que... | Ans. is 'a' ie. Plasma imbibition (Ref. Sabiston, 18/e p2135 (17/e p2185); Schwartz 9/e p165))" Skin grafts to survive in the recipient bed, have to become revascularized. This takes place in three distinct phases":Imbibition: refers to absorption of nutrients into the graft, which serves to feed the graft for the firs... | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Maternal supine hypotension syndrome can be minimized by\nChoices:\nA. Left-Hip elevation\nB. Left-Uterine displacement\nC. Regional anaesthesia\nD. General anaesthesia\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answe... | Removal of aortocaval compression with left-uterine displacement in patients undergoing general or regional anaesthesia, can minimize maternal supine hypotension.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Radiographic appearance of Pindborg's tumor is –\nChoices:\nA. Onion - peel appearance\nB. Sun burst appearance\nC. Cherry - blosom appearance\nD. Driven - snow appearance\n</Question>\nAt the end present your an... | Pindborg tumor radiologically presents as driven snow appearance, i.e. scattered flecks of calcification throughout the radiolucency.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Collection of health information, its use and its transmission to other levels of the system by non-professional health workers is\nChoices:\nA. Sentinel surveillance\nB. Lay reporting\nC. Census\nD. Survey\n</Qu... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The hard chancre is seen in:\nChoices:\nA. Syphilis\nB. Chancroid\nC. LGV\nD. Granuloma inguinale\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D)."... | The hard chancre /hunterian chancre/primary chancre in syphilis is a single, painless, indurated ulcer. NOTE: Other chancres in syphilis: Condom chancre- at root of penis, felon chancre - extragenital chancre in finger, chancre redux- lesion similar to primary at the site of chancre during relapse, Pseudochancre redux-... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Shingles is caused by\nChoices:\nA. HBV\nB. Ureaplasma\nC. Mycoplasma\nD. Varicella\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"role": ... | Shingles, also known as zoster or herpes zoster, is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area.Typically the rash occurs in a single, wide stripe either on the left or right side of the body or face. Two to four days before the rash occurs there may be tingling or local pain ... | D |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Normal hilar shadow in X-ray chest is produced by all except\nChoices:\nA. Pulmonary aery\nB. Bronchus\nC. Lower lobe viens\nD. Upper lobe veins\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answ... | C i.e. Lower lobe veins The lower lobe pulmonary veins do not cross the hila in their course to the left atrium and therefore do not contribute to the hilar shadow. The hila is formed by? Pulmonary aeries & their main branches (most imp.)Q Upper lobe pulmonary veins Q Major bronchi (contribute little) Lymph nodes (usua... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following exposure carries the maximum risk of transmission of HIV?\nChoices:\nA. Blood transfusion\nB. Sexual intercourse\nC. Needle prick\nD. Transplacental\n</Question>\nAt the end present your an... | HIV:
Maximum risk of transmission: Blood transfusion.
Most common route of transmission: Sexual.
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Major source of Von Willebrand factor (vWF) -\nChoices:\nA. Erythrocytes\nB. Neutrophils\nC. Endothelial cells\nD. Monocytes\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an upperca... | Ans. is `c' i.e., Endothelial cellso Circulating factor VIII has two components.a) Factor VIIIc (Procoagulant protein)o This is the smaller componento-It is synthesized in liver (main source) and kidney.o It is an intrinsic pathway component required for activation of factor X.b) Von willebrand factor (vWF)o This is th... | C |
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"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Hemangioblastoma associated with VHL are most common in?\nChoices:\nA. Cerebellum\nB. Liver\nC. Kidneys\nD. Pancreas\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase lette... | ANSWER: (A) CerebellumREF: Robbins 8th ed ch: 28Von Hippel-Lindau Disease:This is an autosomal dominant disease in which affected individuals develop hamangioblastomas and cysts involving the pancreas, liver, and kidneys, and have a propensity to develop renal cell carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. Hamangioblastomas are ... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is TRUE regarding coical blindness?\nChoices:\nA. Direct and consensual reflexes arc present in both the eyes\nB. Direct and consensual reflexes absent in both the eyes\nC. Direct reflex is... | Blindness that is the result of destruction of both visual and adjacent regions of the occipital lobes is termed coical or cerebral blindness. Normally the pupil constricts under a bright light (direct reflex), and the other unexposed pupil also constricts (consensual reflex). With complete or nearly complete interrupt... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Pro-opimdanocain (POMC) releases all of the following except\nChoices:\nA. ACTH\nB. MSH\nC. B2 -endorphins\nD. FSH\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter ... | POMC a gene on chromosome 2p23 that encodes pro-opiomelanocoin, the melanocoin family of hormones, which include alpha-, beta- and gamma-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocoicotropic hormone (ACTH). The melanocoins bind to the melanocoin receptors, a group of five G protein-coupled receptors (MC1R to MC5R)... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Exposure to sunlight can precipitate :\nChoices:\nA. Chlosma\nB. Discoid lupus erytyhematosus\nC. Dermatitis herpatiformis\nD. Lupus vulgaris\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer>... | B i.e. Discoid lupus erytyhematosus - Photosensitive dermatitis (skin lesions) are lupus erythematosus (SLE, DLE, SCLE), porphyriasQ (erythropoietic/hepatoerythropoietic/ variegate porphyria, erythropoietic protoporphyria and porphyria cutaneatardaQ), psoriasis, pellagra, pemphigus, lichen planus (actinicus), and liver... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Non-propulsive peristalsis is a feature of\nChoices:\nA. Paralytic ileus\nB. Impacted faeces\nC. Mesenteric vascular occlusion\nD. Incarceration\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answ... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most appropriate initial method of investigation for carcinoma head of pancreas\nChoices:\nA. EUS guided Trans gastric biopsy\nB. CT guided Biopsy\nC. MRI guided biopsy\nD. Laparoscopic Biopsy\n</Question>\nAt th... | (A) EUS guided Transgastric biopsy [?]Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS):EUS can image the primary cancer and be a means of obtaining a FNA of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.When a mass cannot be visualized on CT scan, sonography through the wall of the stomach or duodenum can image tumors in the body or tail and head of the ... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 12-year-old child with Renal tubular acidosis type 1 is having muscle cramps and weakness. ECG shows all except?\nChoices:\nA. T wave inversion with U waves\nB. ST depression\nC. Heart rate of 75 beats per minu... | Ans. (d) Absent P waves.In hypokalemia, the ECG shows1. Increased amplitude and width of the P wave2. Prolongation of the PR interval3. T wave flattening and inversion4. ST depression5. Prominent U waves (best seen in the precordial leads)6. Apparent long QT interval due to fusion of the T and U waves = long QU interva... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>First dorsal interosseous muscle of hand is supplied by\nChoices:\nA. Deep branch of ulnar nerve\nB. Superficial branch of ulnar nerve\nC. Median nerve\nD. Radial nerve\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answe... | Deep branch of ulnar nerve supplies all the 4 dorsal interossei muscles.Superficial branch of ulnar nerve supplies the palmaris brevis muscle.Median nerve supplies the muscles of thenar eminence.Radial nerve have no supply to any intrinsic muscle of hand.B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no: 182
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Condition which does not cause metabolic acidosis:-\nChoices:\nA. Renal failure\nB. Ureterosigmoidostomy\nC. Pancreatic or biliary fistula\nD. Pyloric stenosis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <ans... | Hyperophic pyloric stenosis causes hypokalemia, hypochloremia metabolic alkalosis with paradoxical aciduria. CAUSES OF NON-ANION GAP ACIDOSIS Mnemonic- USED CARP U-Ureteraldiversion S-Small Bowel Fistula E-Extra Chloride (ammonium chloride, Calcium Chloride) D-Diarrhea C-Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Me... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Not used in the treatment of glaucoma is -\nChoices:\nA. Latanoprost\nB. Atropine\nC. Brinzolamide\nD. Mannitol\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A,... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Atropine Pharmacological agents used for POAGA) Topical drugso b-blockers:- Timolol, betaxolol, levobunolol, carteolol.o Prostaglandin analogues:- Latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost.o Alpha agonists:- Non-selective (epipherine, dipivefrine); selective a2 (Apraclonidine, Brimonidine).o Carbonic anhyd... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is TRUE regarding physiological changes in brain during exercise\nChoices:\nA. Blood flow is decreased\nB. Blood flow is increased\nC. Blood flow remains unaltered\nD. Blood flow initially ... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>\"Seal finger\" and \"whale finger\" are associated with infection of\nChoices:\nA. Treponema\nB. Erysipelothrix\nC. Listeria\nD. Corynebacterium\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </ans... | (B) Erysipelothrix # Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae> E. rhusiopathiae is a natural parasite of many animals.> It causes swine erysipelas & human erysipeloid.> Human infection usually occurs on the hand or fingers of persons handling animals fish or animal products> Lesions are painful, edematous and erythematous, usually... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True about light microscopy in minimal change disease is:\nChoices:\nA. Loss of foot process seen\nB. Anti GBM Abs seen\nC. IgA deposits seen\nD. No change seen\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <an... | Answer is D (No change seen) No abnormality is evident on light microscopy in a case of minimal change disease. Investigation Light microscopy Q Electron microscopy Q ImmunofluorescenceQ Observation No abnormality hence the term minimal change Fusion of foot processes Absence of immunoglobulin or complement
<answer>(D)... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>TRUE about bacterial mastitis is\nChoices:\nA. Exclusively occurs is lactating breasts\nB. Cleaningn baby's mouth offers protection\nC. Most commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus\nD. Fluctuation is an early si... | Most cases are caused by S. aureus and, if hospital acquired, are likely to be penicillin resistant. Most common variety of mastitis. Ref : Bailey and love 26thE pg820
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Not a contraindication for combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia: (CSE) (D. REPEAT 2009)\nChoices:\nA. Platelet count <50,000\nB. Patient on clopidogrel\nC. Local infection\nD. Patient on antihypertensive medi... | Ref: Ajar Yadav, Short Textbook of Anaesthesia, 1st edition. Page 125 and Miller Textbook of Anaesthesia, 6th edition, Page 1654Explanation:Patients on single antiplatelet drug is not a contraindication to central neuraxial blockade, whereas patients on multiple antiplatelet drugs are contraindicated for neuraxial anae... | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Bih weight of a child doubles at five months of age while the bih length doubles at the age of -\nChoices:\nA. 1 year\nB. 2 years\nC. 3 years\nD. 4 years\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> a... | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 4 year
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Praterm baby is\nChoices:\nA. Babies born before the end of 30 weeks\nB. Babies born before the end of 37 weeks\nC. Babies born before the end of 38 weeks\nD. Babies born at completion of 42 weeks\n</Question>\nA... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>High viscosity of saliva in children increases the incidence of caries\nChoices:\nA. Statement is true\nB. Statement is partially true\nC. Statement is false\nD. Statement is partially false\n</Question>\nAt the ... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Internal resorption may be seen on the radiograph as\nChoices:\nA. Inter proximal bone loss\nB. Small radiolucent enlargement of the pulp chamber\nC. Radiopacity in pulp chamber\nD. Small area around the root ape... |
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Following are true regarding chlorination except –\nChoices:\nA. Residual chlorine is 0.5 mg/lit.\nB. Contact period – 30 minute\nC. Water should not be turbid\nD. Chlorine demand should be estimated\n</Question>... | Contact period of 1 hour is recommended.
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>For a 8 year old child with TMJ ankylosis, the treatment of choice is\nChoices:\nA. Gap arthroplasty\nB. Condylectomy\nC. Gap arthroplasty with costochondral grafting\nD. Treatment not required\n</Question>\nAt t... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of them are usually seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS except:\nChoices:\nA. Candidiasis\nB. Kaposi's sarcoma\nC. Rubella\nD. Cytomegalovirus infection\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in ... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Investigation of choice for small intestine tumor –\nChoices:\nA. Ba follow through\nB. Echo\nC. X–ray abdomen\nD. CT scan with contrast\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usin... | The investigation of choice for evaluating the small bowel is a small-bowel enema (Barium follow through).
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Most common electrolyte imbalance that causes paralytic ileus is\nChoices:\nA. Hyponatremia\nB. Hypernatremia\nC. Hypokalemia\nD. Hyperkalemia\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer... | In paralytic ileus uraemia and hypokalemia are the most common contributory factors. Paralytic ileus is defined as a state in which there is failure of transmission of peristaltic waves secondary to neuromuscular failure. Reference : Bailey & Love, 27th Edition, page no = 1297.
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which one of the following statements regarding water re-absorption in the tubules is True?\nChoices:\nA. The bulk of water re-absorption occurs secondary to Na+ re-absorption\nB. Majority of facultative re-absor... | Changes in sodium re-absorption significantly influence the re-absorption of water. Ref: Textbook of Medical Physiology By Guyton, 10th Edition, Page 299
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Osteotomes differ from chisels in that they are\nChoices:\nA. Sharp\nB. Slightly curved\nC. Non beveled\nD. Bi-bevelled\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase le... |
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A temporary, provisional view held by the people on a point of view is:\nChoices:\nA. Opinion\nB. Practice\nC. Attitude\nD. Belief\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an u... | Ans is 'a' i.e. Opinion Ref: Park 20/e p589, 19/e p541 See explanation of the previous questionSome students are of the opinion that the question was- "A probability that one holds that a relationship may be true is? Options are the same. " Frankly we don 7 know the answer. If anyone has any clue, please mail us.
<answ... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>An infant after birth is noticed to have stridor and a hoarse cry. All of the following diagnosis are possible except:\nChoices:\nA. Laryngeal web\nB. Laryngeal paralysis\nC. Congenital laryngeal cyst\nD. Laryngo... | Laryngomalaeia produces stridor but no hoarseness because vocal cords are normal. In other conditions listed at (a), (b) and (c) hoarseness is produced due to involvement of vocal cord. Laryngomalaeia is the most common congenital laryngeal anomaly followed by congenital laryngeal paralysis.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>which of the following is false regarding SPARE RECEPTOR ?\nChoices:\nA. they are needed for binding drug to achieve the maximum effect\nB. they respond to agonists only\nC. they do not alter maximal efficacy\nD.... | SPARE RECEPTORS they are NOT needed for binding drug to achieve the maximum effect they respond to agonists only they do not alter maximal efficacy can be detected by finding that EC 50 < Kd for the agonist REF : KD TRIPATHI 8TH ED
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 25-year-old male athlete is admitted to the emergency depament after a bad landing in the pole vault. Radiographic examination of his hand reveals a fractured carpal bone in the floor of the anatomic snuffbox (... | The floor of anatomic snuffbox formed by the scaphoid bone Possible fractured scaphoid can be palpated in anatomical snuff box Anatomic snuffbox is formed Anterolaterally by the tendons of the extensor pollicis brevis, the abductor pollicis longus Posteromedially by the extensor pollicis longus. contents - Radial Aery ... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>True regarding rubella infection in pregnancy is: March 2010\nChoices:\nA. Risk of congenital infection is more in last trimester\nB. Vaccination is indicated in pregnancy for protection\nC. IgM antibodies in fet... | Ans. C: IgM antibodies in fetus reflects immunity Fetal rubella syndrome is a congenital disorder resulting from primary maternal infection with the rubella virus. It is characterized mainly by deafness, mental retardation, congenital cataract, hea defects, and other structural anomalies that may be found with variable... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Colonic Pseudo-obstruction occurs in all, except ?\nChoices:\nA. Diabetes mellitus\nB. Dermatomyositis\nC. Scleroderma\nD. Hypehyroidism\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> usin... | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Hypehyroidism Pseudoobstruction is seen in hypothyroidism, not hypehyroidism.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Elimination of alcohol follows\nChoices:\nA. Zero order kinetics\nB. First order kinetics\nC. Second order kinetics\nD. Third Order kinetics\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> ... | Elimination of alcohol from blood is always linear with time, i.e., zero order kinetics. Ref-KDT 6/e p38
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A patient is admitted with acute organophosphorus insecticide poisoning, develops ptosis, inability to lift the head and difficulty in breathing on the third day. The most likely diagnosis is: TN 06\nChoices:\nA.... | Ans. Intermediate syndrome
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>In stab wounds, Langer's lines determine:\nChoices:\nA. Direction\nB. Gaping\nC. Shelving\nD. Healing\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or ... | CLEAVAGE LINES OF LANGER The pattern of collagen fiber arrangement are the lines of cleavage of the skin and their linear representations on the skin are known as "Langer's line of cleavage" . A stab wound with long axis at right angles to the cleavage lines of Langer, will gape more. * A stab injury that runs parallel... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 30 years old male presented with silvery scales on elbow and knee, that bleed on removal. The probable diagnosis is:\nChoices:\nA. Pityriasis\nB. Seborrhoeic dermatitis\nC. Psoriasis\nD. Secondary syphilis\n</Q... | C i.e. Psoriasis
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which vaccine is most effective -\nChoices:\nA. Cholera\nB. Typhoid\nC. Yellow fever\nD. Chicken pox\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following statement is true about Linkage analysis?\nChoices:\nA. Detection of characteristic DNA polymorphism in a family associated with disorders\nB. Useful to make pedigree chart to show affected... | Ans. A. Detection of characteristic DNA polymorphism in a family associated with disorders(Ref Robbins 9/e page 177-179)Linkage analysisThe genetic marker loci very close to the disease allele, that are transmitted through pedigrees called linkage disequilibrium.Assess the genetic marker loci in family members having t... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>All of the following are GpIIb/IIIa antagonist, except:\nChoices:\nA. Abciximab\nB. Clopidogrel\nC. Tirofiban\nD. Epitifibatide\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppe... | Clopidrogrel is an anti-thrombotic drug which interferes with the function of the platelets by binds and alters the surface receptors of platelets and inhibits ADP as well as the fibrinogen induced platelet aggregation. While the other three options are GpIIb/IIIa antagonists which on binding to the receptors inhibit t... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Blood agar is an example of ?\nChoices:\nA. Enriched media\nB. Indicator media\nC. Enrichment media\nD. Selective media\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase le... | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Enriched media
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Borrelia undergoes antigenic variation due to:\nChoices:\nA. Plasmids\nB. Transposons\nC. Intrinsic mutation\nD. All of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an up... | Ans. is. 'a' i. e., Plasmids
<answer>(A)</answer> | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Ascospare is -\nChoices:\nA. Asexual spore\nB. Sexual spore\nC. Conidia\nD. None of the above\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sexual spore FUNGAL SPORES Most fungi reproduce through the generation of spores Fungi produce spores by two methods? i) Sexual reproduction -, Sexual spores ii) Asexual reproduction --> Asexual spores Fungal spores Sexual Oospore Zygospore Ascospore Basidiospore Asexual (Conidia) Sporangiospore Ahros... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Cause of ITP is\nChoices:\nA. Vasculitis\nB. Antibody to vascular epithelium\nC. Antibody to platelets\nD. Antibody to clotting factors\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using... |
<answer>(C)</answer> | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which is true hermaphroditism?\nChoices:\nA. 45 X0\nB. 45X0/46\nC. 46XX/46XY\nD. 47XY/47XX\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase letter (A, B, C, or D).",
"... | Ref. The Short Textbook of Pediatrics. Pg 749
Hermaphroditism
True’ hermaphroditism is a genetic condition in which affected individuals have both mature ovarian and testicular tissue. The entity is due to chromosomal and genetic cause .
Both the testis and the ovarian tissue are present in an individual and in diffe... | C |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 64-year-old man presents to the clinic because he is experiencing generalized weakness. He notes difficulty getting out of a chair, and lifting objects above his head as examples of the muscle weakness. He has ... | The goal of therapy is to increase muscle strength and function, so following muscle strength is the key clinical assessment of response to therapy. The course of muscle necrosis in dermatomyositis can also be followed by repeated CK determinations. Repeated muscle biopsies or EMGs are rarely required.
<answer>(A)</ans... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>The following are complications of gallstone except\nChoices:\nA. Hemobilia\nB. Cholangitis\nC. Biliary enteric fistula\nD. Acute pancreatitis\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer... | Hemobilia is bleeding from liver or gall bladder into the biliary tree due to an abnormal communication between a blood vessel and a bile duct.it is very rare in case of gallstones.It is commonly iatrogenic or due to accidental trauma. Cholangitis and pancreatitis are impoant complications of gallstones along with chol... | A |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Which of the following is a feature of hibernating myocardium?\nChoices:\nA. Elevated cardiac troponins\nB. Depressed ST segment\nC. Elevated ST segment\nD. Left bundle branch block\n</Question>\nAt the end prese... | Hibernating myocardium/chronic stable angina Depressed ST segment seen in chronic stable angina Option A: Elevated cardiac Troponins is seen in stunned myocardium/MI Option C: Elevated ST seen in MI Option D: LBBB-Complication of MI
<answer>(B)</answer> | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>A 52-year-old, nonsmoking man complains of pain and paresthesias in his right hand, paicularly at night. Examination reveals a diminished radial pulse when he abducts his arm when his head is turned to either sid... | The patient has a thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS), which is an abnormal compression of the aeries, veins, or nerves in the neck. TOS is more common in adults than in children, and may occur in either sex. The compression may be caused by a cervical rib, the scalenus anticus muscle, or positional changes. The diagnosis i... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Anecephaly can be diagnosed at the earliest at what time of gestation-\nChoices:\nA. 4 - 6 weeks\nB. 10 - 12 weeks\nC. 12 - 14 weeks\nD. 14 - 16 weeks\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and ... | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 10-12 weeks Ref- o Earliest anomaly detected by USG is anencephaly. It can be detected at 10-11 weeks when cranium can be visualized ultrasonographically. Anencephaly is the most severe form of cranial neural tube defect (NTD) and is characterised by an absence of cortical tissue (although the brainst... | B |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Short acting mydriatic used in fundoscopy is\nChoices:\nA. Atropine\nB. Homatropine\nC. Cyclopentolate\nD. Tropicamide\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and </answer> using an uppercase let... | (Tropicamide) (98 - KDT) (111-KDT6th)Tropicamide - It has the quickest (20 - 40 min) and briefest (2-6 hours) action, but it is a relatively unreliable cyclopegic* However it is satisfactory for refraction testing in adults and as short acting mydriatic for fundoscopy
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
[
{
"content": "Given the following question and candidate answers, choose the best answer. <Question>Quellung's reaction is seen in all except:\nChoices:\nA. Strep pneumoniae\nB. Neisseria gonorrhoeae\nC. Hemophilus influenza\nD. Neisseria meningitides\n</Question>\nAt the end present your answer in <answer> and... | Ans. D. Neisseria meningitidesQuellung reaction is capsular swelling seen in capsulated bacteria. N. gonorrhoeae is not capsulated.
<answer>(D)</answer> | D |
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