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Over the last three decades, the marital family model described by Durkheim at the end of the nineteenth century has undergone numerous changes, e.g. questioning about the principle of authority, women emancipation, occurrence of the "new fathers", the growing influence of the media on the daily life of families, the l... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Immunization is the most common cause of iatrogenic pain in childhood. Despite the availability of various analgesics to manage vaccine injection pain, they have not been incorporated into clinical practice. To date, no systematic review has been published on the effectiveness of pharmacologic and combined intervention... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee problem, which particularly affects adolescents and young adults. PFPS, which is characterised by retropatellar (behind the kneecap) or peripatellar (around the kneecap) pain, is often referred to as anterior knee pain. The pain mostly occurs when load is put on the ... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and treated psychiatric disorders in childhood. Typically, children with ADHD find it difficult to pay attention, they are hyperactive and impulsive.Methylphenidate is the drug most often prescribed to treat children and adolescents w... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Both in routine diagnostics and detailed, highly specialized workups, major advances have been observed in many areas of ultrasound due to an increase in expertise and improved technology in recent years. This is particularly true in the case of fetal neurosonography 1 2 3 4. Malformations of the CNS together with feta... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Outpatient care facilities provide a variety of basic healthcare services to individuals who do not require hospitalisation or institutionalisation, and are usually the patient's first contact. The provision of outpatient care contributes to immediate and large gains in health status, and a large portion of total healt... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the commonest severe monogenic disorders in the world, due to the inheritance of two abnormal haemoglobin (beta globin) genes. SCD can cause severe pain, significant end-organ damage, pulmonary complications, and premature death. Silent cerebral infarcts are the commonest neurologica... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Historically, women have generally been attended and supported by other women during labour. However, in hospitals worldwide, continuous support during labour has often become the exception rather than the routine. The primary objective was to assess the effects, on women and their babies, of continuous, one-to-one int... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Occupational exposure to hazardous drugs can decrease fertility and result in miscarriages, stillbirths, and cancers in healthcare staff. Several recommended practices aim to reduce this exposure, including protective clothing, gloves, and biological safety cabinets ('safe handling'). There is significant uncertainty a... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Water immersion during labour and birth is increasingly popular and is becoming widely accepted across many countries, and particularly in midwifery-led care settings. However, there are concerns around neonatal water inhalation, increased requirement for admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), maternal and/o... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Adequate nutrients early in life promote cognitive development and are critical for proper growth and functioning. The effect of individual nutrients consumed through food is often not the same as consuming the same nutrients in supplementary form due to 'food synergy', the biological and chemical interrelations that o... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
In most pregnancies that miscarry, arrest of embryonic or fetal development occurs some time (often weeks) before the miscarriage occurs. Ultrasound examination can reveal abnormal findings during this phase by demonstrating anembryonic pregnancies or embryonic or fetal death. Treatment has traditionally been surgical ... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends treating all school children at regular intervals with deworming drugs in areas where helminth infection is common. Global advocacy organizations claim routine deworming has substantive health and societal effects beyond the removal of worms. In this update of the 2015 edi... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Lumbosacral radicular pain (commonly called sciatica) is a syndrome involving patients who report radiating leg pain. Epidural corticosteroid injections deliver a corticosteroid dose into the epidural space, with the aim of reducing the local inflammatory process and, consequently, relieving the symptoms of lumbosacral... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Despite the health benefits of breastfeeding, initiation and duration rates continue to fall short of international guidelines. Many factors influence a woman's decision to wean; the main reason cited for weaning is associated with lactation complications, such as mastitis. Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast, wi... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The experiments strongly suggested that the reason why Purkinje cells die so easily after global brain ischemia relates to deficiencies in aldolase C and EAAT4 that allow them to survive pathologically intense synaptic input from the inferior olive after the restoration of blood flow. This conclusion is based on: (a) t... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
To assess the risk of clinical complications associated with thrombophilia in three high-risk patient groups: women using oral oestrogen preparations, women during pregnancy and patients undergoing major orthopaedic surgery. To assess the effectiveness of prophylactic treatments in preventing venous thromboembolism (VT... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
A new theory of bio-energy transport along protein molecules in living systems, where the energy is released by hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), is proposed based on some physical and biological reasons. In the new theory, the Davydov's Hamiltonian and wave function of the systems are simultaneously modified... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
There is uncertainty as to the optimal approach for screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Based on systematic reviews published in 2003 and 2008, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force concluded that there was insufficient evidence upon which to make a recommendation regarding routine screeni... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Many systematic reviews exist on interventions to improve safe and effective medicines use by consumers, but research is distributed across diseases, populations and settings. The scope and focus of such reviews also vary widely, creating challenges for decision-makers seeking to inform decisions by using the evidence ... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Obtaining high plant yield is not always achievable in agricultural activity as it is determined by various factors, including cultivar quality, nutrient and water supplies, degree of infection by pathogens, natural calamities and soil conditions, which affect plant growth and development. More noticeably, sustainable ... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
The goal of fetal monitoring in labour is the early detection of a hypoxic baby. There are a variety of tools and methods available for intermittent auscultation (IA) of the fetal heart rate (FHR). Low- and middle-income countries usually have only access to a Pinard/Laënnec or the use of a hand-held Doppler device. Cu... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Platelet transfusions are used to prevent and treat bleeding in people who are thrombocytopenic. Despite improvements in donor screening and laboratory testing, a small risk of viral, bacterial, or protozoal contamination of platelets remains. There is also an ongoing risk from newly emerging blood transfusion-transmit... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in the Cochrane Library, Issue 5, 2015.Yoga may induce relaxation and stress reduction, and influence the electroencephalogram and the autonomic nervous system, thereby controlling seizures. Yoga would be an attractive therapeutic option for epilepsy ... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Intermittent claudication (IC) is the classic symptomatic form of peripheral arterial disease affecting an estimated 4.5% of the general population aged 40 years and older. Patients with IC experience limitations in their ambulatory function resulting in functional disability and impaired quality of life (QoL). Endovas... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common childhood illnesses. While many children experience sporadic AOM episodes, an important group suffer from recurrent AOM (rAOM), defined as three or more episodes in six months, or four or more in one year. In this subset of children AOM poses a true burden through freq... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in Issue 11, 2006 of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.Epilepsy is a common neurological condition in which abnormal electrical discharges from the brain cause recurrent unprovoked seizures. It is believed that with effective drug treatment ... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) affect close to 1.9 billion people worldwide, and are a major public health concern in many countries. Among children, iodine deficiency is the main cause of potentially preventable deficits of central nervous system development and impairment of cognitive function, as well as goitre a... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
Infantile seborrhoeic dermatitis (ISD) is a chronic, inflammatory, scaling skin condition, which causes redness and a greasy scaling rash in infants and young children. It can last from weeks to months, but rarely years. When it occurs on the scalp, it is referred to as 'cradle cap'. While benign and self-limiting, irr... | Given the following content, create a long question whose answer is long and can be found within the content. Then, provide the long answer to that question. Ensure the answer is derived directly from the content. Format the question and answer in the following JSON structure: {Question: '', Answer: ''}. |
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