_gidx int64 0 336k | chunk_id int64 0 17.9k | article_id stringlengths 8 8 | chunk_idx int64 0 105 | topic_name stringclasses 39
values | topic_slug stringclasses 39
values | title stringlengths 1 146 | text stringlengths 231 27.8k | token_count int64 50 771 | leaf_id stringlengths 19 22 | label_path stringlengths 22 25 | majority_score float64 -0.03 101 | noise_tier stringclasses 3
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0 | cbfde15f | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Bedminster, Bristol | Bedminster, colloquially known as Bemmy or Bedmo, is a district of Bristol, England, on the south side of the city. It is also the name of a council ward which includes the central part of the district.
The eastern part of Bedminster is known as Windmill Hill. To the south is Bedminster Down. Southville ward is also pa... | 278 | ROOT_T62_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T62 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | 0.136235 | LOW |
1 | 1 | cbfde15f | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Bedminster, Bristol | In 1644, during the English Civil War, Bedminster was sacked by Prince Rupert. When John Wesley preached there in the 1760s, it was a sprawling, decayed market town, with orchards next to brickworks, ropewalks and the beginnings of a mining industry.
Open cast coal mining had been done on a small scale since the 1670s,... | 282 | ROOT_T5576_E2_D1_R1_C5 | T5576 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C5 | -0.0251 | LOW |
2 | 2 | cbfde15f | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Bedminster, Bristol | The population of Bedminster increased rapidly, from 3,000 in 1801 to 78,000 in 1884, mostly as a result of the coalfield and industries such as smelting, tanneries, glue-works, paint and glass factories. In the 1880s two major employers moved there – E. S. & A. Robinson (paper bag manufacturers) and W.D. & H.O. Wills ... | 181 | ROOT_T318_E1_D3_R1_C3 | T318 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C3 | 0.00462 | LOW |
3 | 3 | cbfde15f | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Bedminster, Bristol | === Administrative history === The parish of Bedminster was part of the hundred of Hartcliffe. The parish anciently extended north up to the original course of the River Avon at Bristol Bridge, in what is now the city centre of Bristol. Several early chapelries were created within the parish covering where the urban ar... | 400 | ROOT_T5392_E1_D2_R1_C4 | T5392 > E1 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.0251 | LOW |
4 | 4 | cbfde15f | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Bedminster, Bristol | == Education ==
There is one children's nursery and five primary schools in Bedminster: North Street Nursery
Holy Cross RC Primary School
Parson Street Primary School
Victoria Park Primary School
Compass Point: South Street School and Children's Centre (known as South Street Primary School before April 2010)
Oasis Acad... | 345 | ROOT_T2506_E1_D3_R1_C3 | T2506 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C3 | 0.00462 | LOW |
5 | 5 | cbfde15f | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Bedminster, Bristol | == Council ward ==
The Bedminster council ward does not include the northern part of Bedminster, which is in Southville ward. Nor does it include the area east of the railway line, which is in Windmill Hill ward. Bedminster Down is in Bishopsworth ward. Bedminster ward does include the district of Ashton Vale, to the s... | 269 | ROOT_T2574_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T2574 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.016608 | LOW |
6 | 6 | 58ddd4fe | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | Joseph (; Hebrew: יוֹסֵף, romanized: Yōsēp̄, lit. 'He shall add') was a dream interpreter and considered an important Hebrew figure in the Bible's Book of Genesis.
Joseph was the first of the two sons of Jacob and Rachel, making him Jacob's twelfth named child and eleventh son. He is the founder of the Tribe of Joseph... | 333 | ROOT_T2972_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T2972 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
7 | 7 | 58ddd4fe | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | == Etymology ==
The Bible offers two explanations of the name Yosēf: first, it is compared to the triliteral א־ס־ף (ʾ-s-p), meaning "to gather, remove, take away": "And she conceived, and bore a son; and said, God hath taken away my reproach" (Genesis 30:23); Yosēf is then identified with the similar root יסף (y-s-p), ... | 366 | ROOT_T5392_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T5392 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
8 | 8 | 58ddd4fe | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | The warden put Joseph in charge of the other prisoners and soon afterward Pharaoh's chief cup-bearer and chief baker, who had offended the Pharaoh, were thrown into the prison. Both men had dreams, and Joseph, being able to interpret dreams, asked to hear them.
The cup-bearer's dream was about a vine with three branch... | 243 | ROOT_T2506_E1_D3_R1_C3 | T2506 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C3 | 0.00462 | LOW |
9 | 9 | 58ddd4fe | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | Following the prediction, Joseph became Vizier, under the name of Zaphnath-Paaneah (Hebrew: צָפְנַת פַּעְנֵחַ Ṣāp̄naṯ Paʿnēaḥ), and was given Asenath, the daughter of Potipherah, priest of On, to be his wife. During the seven years of abundance, Joseph ensured that the storehouses were full and that all produce was wei... | 388 | ROOT_T1133_E1_D2_R1_C4 | T1133 > E1 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
10 | 10 | 58ddd4fe | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | === The silver cup ===
The remaining brothers returned to their father in Canaan, and told him all that had transpired in Egypt. They also discovered that all of their money sacks still had money in them, and they were dismayed. Then they informed their father that the Vizier demanded that Benjamin be brought before hi... | 482 | ROOT_T3083_E1_D3_R1_C5 | T3083 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C5 | -0.012363 | LOW |
11 | 11 | 58ddd4fe | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | === Family reunited === Judah appealed to the Vizier begging that Benjamin be released and that he be enslaved in his stead, because of the silver cup found in Benjamin's sack. The Vizier broke down into tears. He could not control himself any longer and so he sent the Egyptian men out of the house. Then he revealed to... | 367 | ROOT_T2601_E2_D3_R1_C3 | T2601 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C3 | -0.016608 | LOW |
12 | 12 | 58ddd4fe | 6 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | The house of Israel acquired many possessions and multiplied exceedingly during the course of seventeen years, even through the worst of the seven-year famine. At this time, Joseph's father was 147 years old and bedridden. He had fallen ill and lost most of his vision. Joseph was called into his father's house and Isra... | 268 | ROOT_T5392_E2_D2_R1_C4 | T5392 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
13 | 13 | 58ddd4fe | 7 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | Joseph is a fruitful bough, even a fruitful bough by a well; whose branches run over the wall. The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him: But his bow abode in strength, and the arms of his hands were made strong by the hands of the Mighty God of Jacob (From thence is the Shepherd, the Stone of... | 324 | ROOT_T11_E2_D1_R2_C4 | T11 > E2 > D1 > R2 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
14 | 14 | 58ddd4fe | 8 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | Joseph lived to the age of 110, living to see his great-grandchildren. Before he died, he made the children of Israel swear that when they left the land of Egypt they would take his bones with them, and on his death his body was embalmed and placed in a coffin in Egypt. (Genesis 50:22–26)
The children of Israel remembe... | 400 | ROOT_T3265_E2_D3_R1_C5 | T3265 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
15 | 15 | 58ddd4fe | 9 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | == Jewish tradition == === Selling Joseph === In the midrash, the selling of Joseph was part of God's divine plan for him to save his tribes. The favoritism Israel showed Joseph and the plot against him by his brothers were divine means of getting him into Egypt. Maimonides comments that even the villager in Shechem, a... | 269 | ROOT_T213_E1_D1_R1_C3 | T213 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.020854 | LOW |
16 | 16 | 58ddd4fe | 10 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | === Potiphar's wife ===
Joseph had good reasons not to have an affair with Potiphar's wife: he did not want to abuse his master's trust; he believed in the sanctity of marriage; and it went against his ethical, moral and religious principles taught to him by his father Jacob. According to the Midrash, Joseph would hav... | 344 | ROOT_T5932_E1_D3_R1_C5 | T5932 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
17 | 17 | 58ddd4fe | 11 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | Joseph is mentioned in the New Testament as an example of faith (Hebrews 11:22). Joseph is commemorated as one of the Holy Forefathers in the Calendar of Saints of the Armenian Apostolic Church on 26 July. In the Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite, he is known as... | 329 | ROOT_T5932_E2_D3_R1_C5 | T5932 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
18 | 18 | 58ddd4fe | 12 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | Joseph (Arabic: يوسُف, Yūsuf) is regarded by the Quran as a prophet (Quran 6:84), and a whole chapter Surah Yusuf 12 is devoted to him, the only instance in the Quran in which an entire chapter is devoted to a complete story of a person. It is described in the Quran as the 'best of stories'. Joseph is said to have been... | 354 | ROOT_T5932_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T5932 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.020854 | LOW |
19 | 19 | 58ddd4fe | 13 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | “My Lord! You have surely granted me authority and taught me the interpretation of dreams. ˹O˺ Originator of the heavens and the earth! You are my Guardian in this world and the Hereafter. Allow me to die as one who submits and join me with the righteous.” == Baha'i tradition == There are numerous mentions of Joseph in... | 158 | ROOT_T374_E1_D2_R1_C4 | T374 > E1 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
20 | 20 | 58ddd4fe | 14 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | == Literature and culture == Somnium morale Pharaonis (13th century), by Cistercian monk Jean de Limoges, is a collection of fictional letters exchanged between the Pharaoh, Joseph, and other characters of the narrative regarding the interpretation of the Pharaoh's dream. Joseph and his Brethren, 1743, an oratorio by G... | 400 | ROOT_T374_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T374 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
21 | 21 | 58ddd4fe | 15 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph (Genesis) | both the book and its addaptation and is portrayed in the series by Will Tudor. The 2015 animated film Joseph: Beloved Son, Rejected Slave, Exalted Ruler is based on the life of Joseph. American voice actor Mike McFarland provides the speaking voice of Joseph. José do Egito (English: Joseph of Egypt) is a Brazilian min... | 261 | ROOT_T5932_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T5932 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.020854 | LOW |
22 | 22 | abae820f | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | The Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 is a controversial decree issued by the military-led 'interim government' of the Republic of Fiji in September 2011. It was followed a few days later by the Essential National Industries and Designated Corporations Regulations 2011. == Background: the 2006 coup... | 288 | ROOT_T1282_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T1282 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
23 | 23 | abae820f | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | "On 12 February, Felix Anthony was taken from his home by 3 uniformed military officers and subjected to threats whilst being driven around the back roads of Lautoka for some 2 hours. His family, including his children, were also threatened. On 18 February, Anthony and other union officials from the sugar industry were... | 251 | ROOT_T5932_E2_D3_R1_C3 | T5932 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C3 | -0.029345 | LOW |
24 | 24 | abae820f | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | "outrage over the arrest of Mr Daniel Urai, President, Fiji Trades Union Congress, on 3 August 2011 in Suva. We note that the arrest of the FTUC President comes in the wake of the introduction of a new decree which further restricts the exercise of trade union and human rights in Fiji under the military regime. The arr... | 264 | ROOT_T11_E3_D1_R1_C4 | T11 > E3 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.0251 | LOW |
25 | 25 | abae820f | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | All existing trade unions must re-register in order to continue their activities (art.6); "All existing collective agreements" between employees and their employers are voided 60 days after the commencement of the decree (art.8); Elections of trade union representatives are subject to government approval (art.10); An e... | 400 | ROOT_T2688_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T2688 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.0251 | LOW |
26 | 26 | abae820f | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | == Terms of the regulations ==
The Essential National Industries and Designated Corporations Regulations 2011 were issued by Commodore Bainimarama on 8 September "in exercise of the powers vested in me by section 31" of the Decree, to come into force the following day. They provided a list of the country's "essential n... | 469 | ROOT_T2688_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T2688 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.020854 | LOW |
27 | 27 | abae820f | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | "In support of the great strides Fijian workers have made in recent time, the Fijian Government’s labour and employment protection benefits are responsible, comprehensive and genuine. The Fijian Government takes seriously the need to balance the well-being of Fiji’s economy and its ability to provide jobs with the inte... | 325 | ROOT_T133_E2_D2_R1_C4 | T133 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.020854 | LOW |
28 | 28 | abae820f | 6 | Slavery | slavery | Essential National Industries (Employment) Decree 2011 | "By going ahead with this Decree the Government has demonstrated the same lack of concern for the views of the international community as it has for the rights and aspirations of its own people. What is really essential for Fiji is that it change course now. That means reversing this and other restrictive labour decree... | 394 | ROOT_T261_E1_D3_R1_C4 | T261 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
29 | 29 | 390945bd | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Slave insurance in the United States | Slave insurance in the United States became an increasingly significant industry after the Act Prohibiting Importation of Slaves, a federal law which took effect in 1808, prevented any new slaves from being imported to the U.S. Existing slaves, especially skilled workers, therefore became more valuable, and were often ... | 377 | ROOT_T2004_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T2004 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
30 | 30 | 390945bd | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Slave insurance in the United States | [I]nsurance policies from the slavery era have been discovered in the archives of several insurance companies, documenting insurance coverage for slaveholders for damage to or death of their slaves, issued by a predecessor insurance firm. These documents provide the first evidence of ill-gotten profits from slavery, wh... | 323 | ROOT_T2688_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T2688 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.020854 | LOW |
31 | 31 | 390945bd | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Slave insurance in the United States | == Slave mortgage ==
A slave mortgage was a financial instrument used by financiers wherein money was lent on the basis of the value of enslaved people. There are records of slave mortgages in the United States (Louisiana, South Carolina, and Virginia) and in South Africa. According to scholar Bonnie Martin, "the time ... | 299 | ROOT_T279_E1_D2_R1_C4 | T279 > E1 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
32 | 32 | 43146a1c | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Netzer Sereni | Netzer Sereni (Hebrew: נֵצֶר סֶרֶנִי) is a kibbutz in central Israel. Located in the Shephelah between Be'er Ya'akov and Ness Ziona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Gezer Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,083. == History ==
Kibbutz Netzer Sereni was founded in 1948 by Holocaust survivors liberated f... | 446 | ROOT_T2688_E2_D1_R1_C2 | T2688 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C2 | -0.029345 | LOW |
33 | 33 | 630ff6b4 | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | Joseph Hewes (July 9, 1730– November 10, 1779) was an American Founding Father and a signer of the Continental Association and U.S. Declaration of Independence. Hewes was a native of Princeton, New Jersey, where he was born in 1730. His parents were members of the Society of Friends, commonly known as Quakers. Early b... | 205 | ROOT_T2004_E2_D1_R1_C4 | T2004 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
34 | 34 | 630ff6b4 | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | Completing his apprenticeship he determined that opportunities in the port in North Carolina at Edenton, a prospering well protected port town on a small bay on the north side of Albemarle Sound he had visited while still apprenticed to Ogden, offered the best chance for his success. Hewes moved there in late 1754 and ... | 400 | ROOT_T2369_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T2369 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
35 | 35 | 630ff6b4 | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | Iredell wrote in his diary: I took a Walk with Mr. Hewes to his Wharf, & spent a happy Afternoon with him afterwards at his own House - This Gentleman I greatly love & respect; & I feel much Concern that he has imbibed some Prejudices which cannot stand the Test of a fair Inquiry, & which , if justly founded, would d... | 164 | ROOT_T4582_E2_D3_R1_C3 | T4582 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C3 | -0.003871 | LOW |
36 | 36 | 630ff6b4 | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == First Continental Congress (September 5, 1774 – October 22, 1774) == The British Parliament responded to the December, 1773, Boston Tea Party by passing in 1774 the Coercive Acts (known as the Intolerable Acts In the American colonies) closing the Boston harbor and restricting town meetings in Massachusetts to one p... | 400 | ROOT_T572_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T572 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
37 | 37 | 630ff6b4 | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == Second Continental Congress first session (May 10, 1775 – August 1, 1775) ==
The 2nd North Carolina Provincial Congress convened in New Bern on April 3, 1775. Hewes, Hooper and Caswell were reappointed to serve as delegates from North Carolina to the 2nd Continental Congress. Their instructions remained as they were... | 391 | ROOT_T2369_E2_D1_R1_C5 | T2369 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C5 | -0.016608 | LOW |
38 | 38 | 630ff6b4 | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == Second Continental Congress, second session (August 13, 1775) == Congress reconvened August 13, 1775. In November, it was learned that at the end of August, the king had officially declared the colonists rebels. Late in 1775 Hewes was appointed to the Naval Board and to the Marine Committee. These committees drafted... | 400 | ROOT_T2369_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T2369 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.029345 | LOW |
39 | 39 | 630ff6b4 | 6 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == John Adams and his comments on Joseph Hewes == In 1813 John Adams wrote of the struggles that Hewes experienced as he set about serving in the Continental Congress: "For many days the majority depended on Mr. Hewes of North Carolina. While a member one day was speaking and reading documents from all the colonies to ... | 400 | ROOT_T5891_E1_D3_R1_C4 | T5891 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.0251 | LOW |
40 | 40 | 630ff6b4 | 7 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == Naval affairs ==
At the end of October 1775, the Continental Congress created a seven member committee to begin fitting out two vessels one with no more than 20 guns and the other with no more than 26 guns. Hewes was appointed to this committee and to two others that became the Naval Committee which later evolved in... | 322 | ROOT_T1674_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T1674 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.0251 | LOW |
41 | 41 | 630ff6b4 | 8 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == 5th North Carolina Provincial Congress ==
In November 1776 Hewes was again chosen along with Hopper and Thomas Bourke to represent North Carolina in the 2nd Continental Congress. This Provincial Congress wrote a new constitution for the province and called for the new Bicameral legislature to meet in April 1777 in N... | 398 | ROOT_T374_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T374 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.008117 | LOW |
42 | 42 | 630ff6b4 | 9 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Hewes | == Chowan County property tax records ==
This table is compiled from incomplete handwritten records based on information submitted by the taxpayer. Note the list of enslaved workers and the increase in the value of property and the amount of taxes paid in the years from 1777 to 1779. == Death ==
Joseph Hewes died on No... | 529 | ROOT_T2768_E2_D2_R1_C4 | T2768 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
43 | 43 | 46a44665 | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Yifat, Israel | Yifat (Hebrew: יִפְעַת, more accurately romanized as "Yif'at") is a kibbutz in Galilee, northern Israel. Located adjacent to the town Migdal HaEmek and short distances from the cities of Afula and Nazareth. It falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,322. == Hist... | 250 | ROOT_T921_E2_D1_R1_C4 | T921 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
44 | 44 | 47289b1c | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | Ethnocentrism in social science and anthropology—as well as in colloquial English discourse—is the application of one's own culture or ethnicity as a frame of reference to judge other cultures, practices, behaviors, beliefs, and people, instead of using the standards of the particular culture involved. Since this judgm... | 355 | ROOT_T4795_E1_D3_R1_C4 | T4795 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.016608 | LOW |
45 | 45 | 47289b1c | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | == Origins and development ==
The term ethnocentrism derives from two Greek words: "ethnos", meaning nation, and "kentron", meaning center. Scholars believe this term was coined by Polish sociologist Ludwig Gumplowicz in the 19th century, although alternate theories suggest that he only popularized the concept as oppos... | 306 | ROOT_T975_E2_D3_R1_C3 | T975 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C3 | 0.00462 | LOW |
46 | 46 | 47289b1c | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | In social sciences, ethnocentrism means to judge another culture based on the standard of one's own culture instead of the standard of the other particular culture. When people use their own culture as a parameter to measure other cultures, they often tend to think that their culture is superior and see other cultures ... | 226 | ROOT_T2502_E1_D3_R1_C4 | T2502 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.012363 | LOW |
47 | 47 | 47289b1c | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | == Anthropology == The classifications of ethnocentrism originate from the studies of anthropology. With its omnipresence throughout history, ethnocentrism has always been a factor in how different cultures and groups related to one another. Examples including how historically, foreigners would be characterized as "Bar... | 400 | ROOT_T2406_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T2406 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
48 | 48 | 47289b1c | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | Anthropologist Franz Boas saw the flaws in this formulaic approach to ranking and interpreting cultural development and committed himself to overthrowing this inaccurate reasoning due to many factors involving their individual characteristics. With his methodological innovations, Boas sought to show the error of the pr... | 400 | ROOT_T2369_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T2369 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
49 | 49 | 47289b1c | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | == Causes == Ethnocentrism is believed to be a learned behavior embedded into a variety of beliefs and values of an individual or group. Due to enculturation, individuals in in-groups have a deeper sense of loyalty and are more likely to follow the norms and develop relationships with associated members. Within relatio... | 400 | ROOT_T376_E1_D3_R1_C2 | T376 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C2 | 0.00462 | LOW |
50 | 50 | 47289b1c | 6 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | == Effects ==
A study in New Zealand was used to compare how individuals associate with in-groups and out-groupers and has a connotation to discrimination. Strong in-group favoritism benefits the dominant groups and is different from out-group hostility and/or punishment. A suggested solution is to limit the perceived ... | 389 | ROOT_T62_E2_D1_R1_C4 | T62 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C4 | 0.038585 | LOW |
51 | 51 | 47289b1c | 7 | Slavery | slavery | Ethnocentrism | === Social media ===
Approximately 67.1% of the global population use the internet regularly, with 63.7% of the population being social media users. In a 2023 study, researchers found that social media can enable its users to become more tolerant of other people, bridging the gap between cultures, and contributing to g... | 283 | ROOT_T2369_E3_D1_R1_C4 | T2369 > E3 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.029345 | LOW |
52 | 52 | abc4aa6c | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Neurodiversity and labor rights | Neurodivergent people present distinct issues in labor rights. They may individually or as a demographic have occupational preferences or requests for accommodation which differ from neurotypical workers. While some neurodivergent people may need workplace support in a medical model of disability, other people may only... | 252 | ROOT_T2369_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T2369 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
53 | 53 | abc4aa6c | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Neurodiversity and labor rights | == Accommodation ==
In the mid-2010s various large multinational corporations began developing policy on occupational neurodiversity. Previously, organizations either did not discuss the issue, or if they addressed it, then it was a sort of disability accommodation. The changing practice was to practice cultural unders... | 538 | ROOT_T5238_E1_D1_R1_C3 | T5238 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.029345 | LOW |
54 | 54 | c23d083a | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | Slave raiding is a military raid for the purpose of capturing people and bringing them from the raid area to serve as slaves. Once a common part of warfare, it is now widely considered a war crime. Slave raiding has occurred since antiquity. Some of the earliest surviving written records of slave raiding come from Sume... | 352 | ROOT_T1543_E2_D1_R1_C4 | T1543 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C4 | 0.030094 | LOW |
55 | 55 | c23d083a | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | During the Middle ages, Saracen Andalusian pirates established themselves in bases in southern France, the Baleares, Southern Italy and Sicily, from which they raided the coasts of the Christian Mediterranean and exported their prisoners as Saqaliba slaves to the slave markets of the Muslim West Asia.
The Aghlabids of ... | 340 | ROOT_T2082_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T2082 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
56 | 56 | c23d083a | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | === Samanid Empire ===
A major supply source to the Samanid slave trade was the non-Muslim Turkic peoples of Central Asian steppe, which were both bought as well as regularly kidnapped in slave raids by the thousands to supply the Bukhara slave trade.
The slave trade with Turkic people was the biggest slave supply for ... | 343 | ROOT_T4158_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T4158 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.020854 | LOW |
57 | 57 | c23d083a | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | "when al-Mutasim became Caliph he did the same to the point that most of his military leaders came from Transoxiana: Soghdians, Farhanians, Ushrusanians, peoples of Shash, and others [even] their kings came to him. Islam spread among those who lived there, so they began raiding the Turks who lived there".
Turkic slaves... | 396 | ROOT_T4158_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T4158 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.020854 | LOW |
58 | 58 | c23d083a | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | === Crimean–Nogai slave raids === The Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe provided some two or three million slaves for slavery in the Ottoman Empire via the Crimean slave trade between the 15th century and the late 18th century. During this period the Crimean Khanate was the destination of the Crimean–Nogai sl... | 309 | ROOT_T3776_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T3776 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.020854 | LOW |
59 | 59 | c23d083a | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | Raiding villages was also a method of capturing slaves in Africa, and accounted for the overwhelming majority of West African slaves. While there was some slave raiding along the African coasts by Europeans, much of the raiding that took place was performed by other West Africans powers. Gomes Eannes de Azurara, who wi... | 358 | ROOT_T1896_E1_D3_R1_C5 | T1896 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
60 | 60 | c23d083a | 6 | Slavery | slavery | Slave raiding | Although there was a general ban on enslavement of indigenous people by Spanish Crown, the 1598–1604 Mapuche uprising that ended with the Destruction of the Seven Cities made the Spanish in 1608 declare slavery legal for those Mapuches caught in war. Mapuches "rebels" were considered Christian apostates and could there... | 521 | ROOT_T4158_E2_D3_R1_C5 | T4158 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
61 | 61 | 076cb7e5 | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Sturge | Joseph Sturge (2 August 1793 – 14 May 1859) was an English Quaker, abolitionist and activist. He founded the British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society (now Anti-Slavery International). He worked throughout his life in Radical political actions supporting pacifism, working-class rights, and the universal emancipation of ... | 472 | ROOT_T737_E1_D3_R1_C3 | T737 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C3 | -0.029345 | LOW |
62 | 62 | 076cb7e5 | 1 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Sturge | == Campaign against apprenticeship == After legislation for the abolition of slavery in the British dominions was enacted in 1833, slave-owning planters in the West Indies lobbied to postpone freedom for adults for twelve years in a form of indenture. Enslaved children under the age of six were emancipated by the new l... | 400 | ROOT_T1854_E1_D3_R1_C4 | T1854 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C4 | 0.013111 | LOW |
63 | 63 | 076cb7e5 | 2 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Sturge | == International anti-slavery campaign == In 1837, keen to act independently of the consensus in the Anti-Slavery Society, Sturge founded the Central Negro Emancipation Committee. More significantly, in 1839, one year after abolition in the British dominions, Sturge led a small group who founded the British and Foreign... | 318 | ROOT_T4158_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T4158 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.020854 | LOW |
64 | 64 | 076cb7e5 | 3 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Sturge | == Politics and Chartism == Sturge was critical of the role of William Scholefield, the Mayor of Birmingham, in the suppression of a chartist meeting in the Bull Ring, Birmingham. Schofield had arrived with 60 officers of the newly formed Metropolitan Police, on 4 July 1839. After Schofield read the Riot Act, Sturge he... | 400 | ROOT_T404_E1_D3_R1_C4 | T404 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C4 | 0.000374 | LOW |
65 | 65 | 076cb7e5 | 4 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Sturge | == Later life ==
Sturge took up the cause of peace and arbitration being pioneered by Henry Richard. He was instrumental in the founding of the Morning Star in 1855 as a newspaper through which to promote the Peace Society and his other social ideas.
In 1854, Sturge and two other Quakers, Robert Charleton and Henry Pea... | 322 | ROOT_T1896_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T1896 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | 0.00462 | LOW |
66 | 66 | 076cb7e5 | 5 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Sturge | On 24 March 2007, the city held a civic ceremony to formally rededicate the statue. Randal Brew, the Lord Mayor of Birmingham, unveiled an interpretation board giving details of Sturge's life. On the same day, a blue plaque (historic marker) was unveiled at the site of his home in Wheeleys Road, Edgbaston.
Sturge Park ... | 218 | ROOT_T737_E2_D2_R1_C5 | T737 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
67 | 67 | 3163490b | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Eufrosina Hinard | Eufrosina Hinard (also spelled Hisnard; 1777 – after 1819), was a businesswoman who lived in New Orleans and Pensacola, Spanish West Florida. Hinard, a free mixed-race woman, owned and bought slaves and allowed them to purchase their own freedom. == Biography ==
Hinard was born in 1777 in New Orleans to a freed black... | 344 | ROOT_T5576_E1_D1_R1_C5 | T5576 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C5 | -0.029345 | LOW |
68 | 68 | 57b5c642 | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Joseph Wheeler Plantation | The Joseph Wheeler Plantation, formally known as The Joseph Wheeler Plantation, is a historic plantation complex and historic district in the Tennessee River Valley in Wheeler, Alabama. The property contains twelve historically significant structures dating from 1818 to the 1880s. It was added to the National Register... | 490 | ROOT_T1896_E1_D1_R1_C4 | T1896 > E1 > D1 > R1 > C4 | 0.00462 | LOW |
69 | 69 | 42cc3b19 | 0 | Slavery | slavery | Beit HaArava | Beit HaArava (Hebrew: בֵּית הָעֲרָבָה, lit. 'House of the Arabah') is an Israeli settlement and kibbutz in the West Bank. Located near the Dead Sea and Jericho at the eponymous Beit HaArava Junction, the intersection of Highway 1 and Highway 90, it falls under the jurisdiction of Megilot Regional Council. In 2023 it ha... | 427 | ROOT_T1862_E2_D2_R1_C3 | T1862 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C3 | -0.008117 | LOW |
70 | 70 | ebe816c9 | 0 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | York County is a county on the north central border in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 282,090, making it the seventh-most populous county in the state. Its county seat is the city of York, and its most populous community is Rock Hill. One Interstate Highway serves the county... | 399 | ROOT_T1862_E2_D2_R1_C3 | T1862 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C3 | -0.008117 | LOW |
71 | 71 | ebe816c9 | 1 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | === 18th century ===
After its transfer to South Carolina in 1772, much of the area was known as the New Acquisition. In 1785, York County was one of the original counties in the newly created state of South Carolina. Its boundaries remained unchanged until 1897 when a small portion of the northwestern corner (includin... | 243 | ROOT_T1862_E2_D2_R1_C3 | T1862 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C3 | -0.008117 | LOW |
72 | 72 | ebe816c9 | 2 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | Residents of the Upcountry were initially slow to take sides in the American Revolutionary War, content to remain neutral as long as left unmolested; the conflict was initially viewed as one between the British Crown and Charleston plutocrats. The New Acquisition entered into vocal opposition to Royal authority in 1780... | 391 | ROOT_T1862_E2_D2_R1_C4 | T1862 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C4 | -0.008117 | LOW |
73 | 73 | ebe816c9 | 3 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | ==== Early 19th century through Civil War ====
With the introduction of the cotton gin in the 1790s, the county's economic prospects increased as the importance of "King Cotton" grew, and slavery became an integral part of the economy. In 1800, 25% of all white families in the Upcountry enslaved people, but by 1820, ne... | 486 | ROOT_T1862_E2_D2_R1_C3 | T1862 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C3 | -0.008117 | LOW |
74 | 74 | ebe816c9 | 4 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | ==== Late 19th century ====
Between 1868 and 1871, York County became a hotbed of Ku Klux Klan attacks on African Americans. The Klan had an estimated 2,000 members in the county in 1871. Among their activities was the lynching of Jim Williams on March 6, 1871, led by Dr. J. Rufus Bratton. K Troop of the 7th Cavalry Re... | 292 | ROOT_T1862_E2_D2_R1_C3 | T1862 > E2 > D2 > R1 > C3 | -0.008117 | LOW |
75 | 75 | ebe816c9 | 5 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | === 20th century ===
Cotton production remained the dominant agricultural export in early 20th century York County, with the textile industry continuing to develop. Rock Hill became the hub of this industry while mills blossomed throughout the county. South Carolina's peak cotton crop was harvested in 1921, and thereaf... | 218 | ROOT_T4762_E2_D1_R1_C3 | T4762 > E2 > D1 > R1 > C3 | -0.029345 | LOW |
76 | 76 | ebe816c9 | 6 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 696.09 square miles (1,802.9 km2), of which 681.03 square miles (1,763.9 km2) is land and 15.06 square miles (39.0 km2) (2.16%) is water.
York County is located in north central South Carolina, along the North Carolina border. Its natural boundaries ar... | 362 | ROOT_T4762_E1_D3_R1_C3 | T4762 > E1 > D3 > R1 > C3 | -0.029345 | LOW |
77 | 77 | ebe816c9 | 7 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | === State and local protected areas/sites ===
Anne Springs Close Greenway - Adventure Road/Lake Haigler
Brattonsville Historic District
Draper Wildlife Management Area
Herbert Kirsh Wildlife Conservation Area
James Ross Wildlife Reservation
Kings Mountain State Park
Museum of York County
McConnells Tract
Rock Hill Blac... | 274 | ROOT_T4762_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T4762 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.016608 | LOW |
78 | 78 | ebe816c9 | 8 | Slavery | slavery | York County, South Carolina | === 2010 census ===
At the 2010 census, there were 226,073 people, 85,864 households, and 61,089 families residing in the county. The population density was 332.2 inhabitants per square mile (128.3/km2). There were 94,196 housing units at an average density of 138.4 per square mile (53.4/km2). The racial makeup of the ... | 242 | ROOT_T4762_E2_D3_R1_C4 | T4762 > E2 > D3 > R1 > C4 | -0.016608 | LOW |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
No dataset card yet
- Downloads last month
- 36