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Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Alice and her husband met Jill for lunch at a small café around the block from her office.",
"Alice and her husband met Jill for lunch at a small café around the block from Jill's office."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun her could refer to Alice or Jill.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. Her has been replaced with Jill's.
Alice and her husband met Jill for lunch at a small café around the block from Jill's office. | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Danny investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do toy cars go faster down the ramp made of wood or the ramp made of cardboard?",
"Does a big toy car go down the wooden ramp faster than a small toy car?",
"Do toy cars with plastic wheels go faster down the cardboard ramp than toy cars with metal wheels?"
] | 0 | Danny and his sister are building ramps to race their toy cars down. Danny notices that the cars go down some of the ramps faster than others. He wonders what factors affect the cars' speed. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two identical toy cars
a wooden ramp three feet ... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Kamal investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do rubber balloons stick to a wooden door or a metal door longer after being rubbed on his hair?",
"Do rubber balloons or foil balloons stick to the wooden door longer after being rubbed on his hair?",
"Do rubber balloons stick to a cotton blanket or a wooden door longer after being rubbed on his hair?"
] | 2 | Kamal went to a magic show. The magician rubbed a balloon on her hair and then held the balloon against a wall. When the magician released the balloon, Kamal was amazed to see that it stuck to the wall! He wonders what factors affect how well balloons stick to different surfaces. So, he decides to design an experiment.... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
What information supports the conclusion that Russell acquired this trait? | [
"Russell learned biology by doing experiments.",
"Russell is most interested in plant biology."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Russell knows a lot about biology. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
What is the volume of a soda bottle cap? | [
"10 liters",
"10 milliliters"
] | 1 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.... | The better estimate for the volume of a soda bottle cap is 10 milliliters.
10 liters is too much. |
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Bananas taste great with melted chocolate.",
"Bananas turn yellow as they become ripe."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | writing-strategies | Opinion writing | Distinguish facts from opinions | A fact is something that can be proved to be true.
The month of July has more days than the month of June.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at a calendar and counting the number of days in each month.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
July is ... | The first sentence states a fact.
Bananas turn yellow as they become ripe.
It can be proved by observing bananas as they ripen.
The second sentence states an opinion.
Bananas taste great with melted chocolate.
Great shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person might have a different opinion about how ... | |
Select the living thing. | [
"cat",
"house"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify living and nonliving things | All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. Living things use this energy to grow and change. All living things grow and change during their lives.
All living things sense changes in the world around them. Living things might sense ... | A cat is a living thing.
Cats grow and respond to the world around them. They need food and water.
A house is not a living thing.
Houses do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to the world around them. They do not need food or water. | |
Which correctly shows the title of a poem? | [
"\"About the Teeth of Sharks\"",
"\"about the teeth of Sharks\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The words the and of are not important, so they should not be capitalized.
The correct title is "About the Teeth of Sharks." | |
Based on this information, what is this pea plant's phenotype for the pod shape trait? | [
"constricted pods",
"dd"
] | 0 | This passage describes the pod shape trait in pea plants:
In a group of pea plants, some individuals have inflated pods and others have constricted pods. In this group, the gene for the pod shape trait has two alleles. The allele D is for inflated pods, and the allele d is for constricted pods.
A certain pea plant fro... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. The pea plant's observable version of the pod shape trait is constricted pods. So, the plant's phenotype for the pod shape trait is constricted pods. |
What information supports the conclusion that Fred acquired this trait? | [
"Fred learned how to build a fire at summer camp.",
"Fred can cook food over a fire."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Fred knows how to build a fire. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Is a toothbrush a good or a service? | [
"a service",
"a good"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | economics | Economics | Goods and services | Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service. | To decide whether a toothbrush is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is a toothbrush something you can touch? Yes.
Is a toothbrush a job you might pay someone else to do? No.
So, a toothbrush is a good. | |
Complete the sentence.
Cesar Chavez came from () family. | [
"an African American",
"a Mexican American",
"a Chinese American",
"a French American"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | social science | us-history | Historical figures | Cesar Chavez | Cesar Chavez came from a Mexican American family:
His father's parents were from Mexico. They moved to the United States in 1880. Cesar Chavez's father was born in Arizona.
Cesar Chavez's mother was born in Mexico. She and her family moved to Arizona when she was six months old.
Cesar Chavez was born in the United Stat... | ||
Suppose Tommy decides to plant the gardenias. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Tommy will give up the chance to look at the palm tree. He thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the gardenias.",
"He will save some space. The gardenias will use up less space than the palm tree would have used up."
] | 0 | Tommy is deciding whether to plant gardenias or a palm tree in his backyard. He wants to make his backyard more beautiful. But he also wants to leave space for doing fun things. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Tommy wants or needs:
Tommy will give up the chance to look at the palm tree. He thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the gardenias. |
Based on this information, what is Madelyn's phenotype for the Thomsen disease trait? | [
"not having Thomsen disease",
"having Thomsen disease"
] | 1 | This passage describes the Thomsen disease trait in humans:
In a group of humans, some individuals have Thomsen disease and others do not. In this group, the gene for the Thomsen disease trait has two alleles. The allele for not having Thomsen disease (m) is recessive to the allele for having Thomsen disease (M).
Made... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | Madelyn's genotype for the Thomsen disease gene is MM. Madelyn's genotype of MM has only M allelles. The M allele is for having Thomsen disease. So, Madelyn's phenotype for the Thomsen disease trait must be having Thomsen disease.
To check this answer, consider whether Madelyn's alleles are dominant or recessive. The a... |
Using only these supplies, which question can Lisa investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do squash plants grow larger if the seeds are planted with compost or without compost?",
"If squash seeds and tomato seeds are planted with compost, which type of plant grows larger?",
"Do squash plants grow larger if the seeds are planted in small pots or in large pots?"
] | 0 | Lisa has a small vegetable garden, which includes a compost pile of food scraps. She notices that some of the squash plants growing next to the compost pile grow differently than squash plants that are farther away. She wonders what factors affect how her squash plants grow. So, she decides to design an experiment. She... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
Which ball of clay has more thermal energy? | [
"the hotter ball of clay",
"the colder ball of clay"
] | 0 | Two 200-gram balls of clay are identical except for their temperatures. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Thermal energy | How are temperature and mass related to thermal energy? | Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. ... | The two balls of clay are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the hotter ball of clay has more thermal energy. |
Which sentence states a fact? | [
"Olympic athletes are excellent role models for kids.",
"The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | social science | civics | Social studies skills | Identify facts and opinions | A fact is something that can be proved true by research or observation.
George Washington became president of the United States in 1789.
This statement is a fact. It can be proved by researching what year George Washington was inaugurated president.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An o... | The first sentence states a fact.
The first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens in 1896.
It can be proved by researching the history of the Olympics.
The second sentence states an opinion.
Olympic athletes are excellent role models for kids.
Excellent shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person ... | |
What is the temperature of the air on a hot day? | [
"37°C",
"37°F"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Estimate temperatures | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Temperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (°F) or Celsius (°C). Use the list below to compare the two units.
212°F | Water boils | 100°C
98.6°F | Body temperature | 37°C
68°F ... | The better estimate for the temperature of the air on a hot day is 37°C.
37°F is too cold. |
Compare the motion of three sailboats. Which sailboat was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a sailboat that moved 50miles north in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 75miles north in 10hours",
"a sailboat that moved 35miles south in 10hours"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving f... | Look at the distance each sailboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each sailboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each sailboat moved for 10 hours. The sailboat that moved 35 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that sailboat must have moved at the lowest speed... | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Porter has a scar on his left ankle. | [
"acquired",
"inherited"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait. | |
According to Newton's third law, what other force must be happening? | [
"The gas pedal is pushing on Nina's foot.",
"The gas pedal is pulling on Nina's foot."
] | 0 | Isaac Newton was born in the 1600s and studied how objects move. He discovered three fundamental laws about forces and motion. According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force.
Consider the following force:
Nina's foot is pushing on her car's gas pedal. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | physics | Velocity, acceleration, and forces | Predict forces using Newton's third law | According to Newton's third law, for every force, there is an equal and opposite force. This means that if one object is applying a force on a second object, the second object must also be applying a force on the first object, but in the opposite direction.
For example, if your hand is pushing down on a table, the tabl... | Nina's foot is pushing on the gas pedal. So, Newton's third law tells you that the gas pedal is pushing on Nina's foot. |
What information supports the conclusion that David acquired this trait? | [
"David's scar was caused by an accident. He cut his arm when he fell off his bicycle.",
"Some scars fade more quickly than others."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
David has a scar on his right arm. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
What information supports the conclusion that Elizabeth acquired this trait? | [
"Elizabeth learned how to knit in an after school program.",
"Elizabeth knits sweaters using cotton, wool, and other types of yarn."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Elizabeth knows how to knit sweaters. | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
neck - nobody | [
"nice",
"nation"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade2 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since nice is between the guide words neck - nobody, it would be found on that page. | |
Is driving a taxi a good or a service? | [
"a good",
"a service"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | social science | economics | Economics | Goods and services | Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service. | To decide whether driving a taxi is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is driving a taxi something you can touch? No.
Is driving a taxi a job you might pay someone else to do? Yes.
So, driving a taxi is a service. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
water evaporating from a lake
cooking an egg | [
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Water evaporating from a lake is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.
Cooking an egg is a chemical change. The heat causes the matter in the egg to change. Cooked egg and raw egg are different types ... | |
What do these two changes have in common?
butter melting on a hot day
baking a loaf of bread | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Butter melting on a hot day is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The butter changes from solid to liquid, but it is still made of the same type of matter.
Baking a loaf of bread is a chemical change. The type of matter in the dough changes when it is baked. The dough turns... | |
Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
beetle - black | [
"bid",
"back"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since bid is between the guide words beetle - black, it would be found on that page. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
plants making food from sunlight, air, and water
rust forming on a metal gate | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are caused by heating.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 3 | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Plants making food is a chemical change. Plants use energy from sunlight to change air and water into food. The food is sugar. Sugar is a different type of matter than air or water.
Rust forming on a metal gate is a chemical change. As the gate rusts, the metal turns into a different ty... | |
Read the following excerpt from a student essay. How can the writer best improve his or her grammar and mechanics?
Self-expression is important, therefore, you should be yourself no matter what other people think. People might express their inner selves through music, art, or writing, through foods they eat, cook, and ... | [
"by adding missing commas",
"by using semicolons correctly",
"by punctuating the quotation correctly"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Editing and revising | Suggest appropriate revisions | During peer review, you read and respond to a fellow student's writing. While there are many methods and strategies that you can use for reviewing a text, it is generally helpful to frame your suggestions in concrete and constructive ways and to consider the following areas for revision:
Ideas and development: Does the... | The writer could best improve his or her grammar and mechanics by using semicolons correctly.
For example, the writer could use semicolons before the conjunctive adverb therefore in the first underlined sentence, to separate items in a series containing commas in the second underlined sentence, and instead of a comma t... | |
Which correctly shows the title of a play? | [
"Big Bad and Little Red",
"Big bad and Little Red"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | capitalization | Formatting | Capitalizing titles | In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or | Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word and is not important, so it should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Big Bad and Little Red. | |
Suppose Raymond decides to take a trip to Rhode Island. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Raymond will spend more money. Plane tickets for Raymond to get to Rhode Island are more expensive than tickets to Illinois.",
"Raymond will enjoy his trip to Rhode Island more than he would have enjoyed a trip to Illinois."
] | 0 | Raymond is deciding whether to take a trip to Rhode Island or Illinois. He wants to enjoy his trip. But he is also trying to save money. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Raymond wants or needs:
Raymond will spend more money. Plane tickets for Raymond to get to Rhode Island are more expensive than tickets to Illinois. |
Which correctly shows the title of a movie? | [
"***That Thing You Do***",
"\"That Thing You Do!\""
] | 0 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Formatting titles | The title of a book, movie, play, TV show, magazine, or newspaper should be in italics. If you write it by hand, it can be underlined instead.
A Midsummer Night's Dream
The title of a poem, song, article, or short story should be in quotation marks.
"You Are My Sunshine" | A movie should be in italics.
The correct title is **That Thing You Do**. | |
How long is a paper clip? | [
"35 millimeters",
"35 kilometers",
"35 centimeters",
"35 meters"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is lar... | The best estimate for the length of a paper clip is 35 millimeters.
35 centimeters, 35 meters, and 35 kilometers are all too long. |
Which tense does the sentence use?
The cook will freeze the meat for another time. | [
"past tense",
"present tense",
"future tense"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, freeze. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Which is harder? | [
"metal horseshoe",
"wool sweater"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For examp... | Hard is a property. A hard material keeps its shape when you press on it with your finger.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine pushing on the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the metal horseshoe is harder. If you squeeze a metal horseshoe, it will not change shape. | |
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The butterflies flitted from flower to flower, (). | [
"playing hide-and-seek",
"floating gently"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the phrase playing hide-and-seek. It describes the butterflies as if they were playful children. | |
Suppose Cameron decides to plant the amaryllises. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Cameron will give up the chance to look at the magnolia tree. He thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the amaryllises.",
"He will save some space. The amaryllises will use up less space than the magnolia tree would have used up."
] | 0 | Cameron is deciding whether to plant amaryllises or a magnolia tree in his backyard. He wants to make his backyard more beautiful. But he also wants to leave space for doing fun things. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Cameron wants or needs:
Cameron will give up the chance to look at the magnolia tree. He thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the amaryllises. |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
What thoughts I have of you tonight Walt Whitman, for I walked down the sidestreets under the trees with a headache self-conscious looking at the full moon.
—Allen Ginsberg, "A Supermarket in California" | [
"antithesis",
"apostrophe"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses apostrophe, a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.
What thoughts I have of you tonight Walt Whitman is a direct address to Walt Whitman, an absent person. (Walt Whitman was an American poet who died in 1892, over half a century before this poem was written.) | |
Which organ uses acid to break down food? | [
"brain",
"stomach",
"muscles",
"skin"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Animals | Human organs and their functions | |||
Would you find the word did on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
dangle - drank | [
"no",
"yes"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since did is between the guide words dangle - drank, it would be found on that page. | |
Based on this information, what is Arietta's genotype for the fur texture gene? | [
"Ff",
"straight fur"
] | 0 | In a group of Syrian hamsters, some individuals have straight fur and others have wavy fur. In this group, the gene for the fur texture trait has two alleles. The allele F is for straight fur, and the allele f is for wavy fur.
Arietta, a Syrian hamster from this group, has straight fur. Arietta has one allele for strai... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Arietta has one allele for straight fur (F) and one allele for wavy fur (f). So, Arietta's genotype for the fur texture gene is Ff. |
What information supports the conclusion that Bonnie acquired this trait? | [
"Bonnie's friends like to make chili with her.",
"Bonnie learned how to make chili from a recipe book.",
"When Bonnie was young, her grandmother taught her how to cut chili peppers."
] | 1 | Read the description of a trait.
Bonnie knows how to make chili. | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits.... | |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Uncle Aaron,",
"Dear Uncle aaron,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Uncle Aaron is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
baking a loaf of bread
cooking a pancake | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are chemical changes.",
"Both are only physical changes."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Some chemical changes are caused by heating or cooling. For example, burning a piece of paper is a chemical change c... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Baking a loaf of bread is a chemical change. Bread is made from dough. Baking turns the dough into bread. The bread is a different type of matter than the dough.
Cooking a pancake is a chemical change. Pancakes are made from pancake batter. A cooked pancake is a different type of matter... | |
Suppose Eva decides to plant the tulips. Which result would be a cost? | [
"She will save some space. The tulips will use up less space than the hickory tree would have used up.",
"Eva will give up the chance to look at the hickory tree. She thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the tulips."
] | 1 | Eva is deciding whether to plant tulips or a hickory tree in her backyard. She wants to make her backyard more beautiful. But she also wants to leave space for doing fun things. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Eva wants or needs:
Eva will give up the chance to look at the hickory tree. She thinks it would have looked more beautiful than the tulips. |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Bella had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. They promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene.",
"Bella had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. The operator promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with the operator.
Bella had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. The operator promptly... | |
Based on this information, what is Hermes's phenotype for the coat pattern trait? | [
"a black coat",
"a spotted coat"
] | 1 | In a group of jaguars, some individuals have a black coat and others have a spotted coat. In this group, the gene for the coat pattern trait has two alleles. The allele for a black coat (A) is dominant over the allele for a spotted coat (a).
Hermes is a jaguar from this group. Hermes has the homozygous genotype aa for ... | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: dominant and recessive | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | Hermes's genotype for the coat pattern gene is aa. Hermes's genotype of aa has only a alleles. The a allele is for a spotted coat. So, Hermes's phenotype for the coat pattern trait must be a spotted coat.
To check this answer, consider whether Hermes's alleles are dominant or recessive. The allele for a black coat (A) ... |
What is the mass of an elephant? | [
"4,115 kilograms",
"4,115 grams"
] | 0 | Select the better estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose metric units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There... | The better estimate for the mass of an elephant is 4,115 kilograms.
4,115 grams is too light. |
What kind of sentence is this?
Reagan considers Paris the most romantic city in the world. | [
"interrogative",
"exclamatory",
"declarative"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can ... | The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence. | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Diana was known among her coworkers for her spartan ways. | [
"the Bible",
"Greek history"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion spartan is Greek history.
Soldiers from the city of Sparta in ancient Greece were known for their self-restraint, self-discipline, and indifference to luxury.
The allusion spartan means simple and austere. | |
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
The heavy door () as Edna pushed it open. | [
"protested",
"creaked"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | writing-strategies | Creative techniques | Use personification | Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, t... | Complete the sentence with the word protested. It describes the door as if it were a person who didn't want to obey. | |
Would you find the word material on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
midst - mosquito | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade4 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since material is not between the guide words midst - mosquito, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Best Wishes,\nHelen",
"Best wishes,\nHelen"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Which logical fallacy is used in the text?
Mayor Preston wants to create more bicycle lanes in Bloomington. However, many citizens of Bloomington live far from work. It would not be realistic to force us to give up our cars and bike everywhere. | [
"appeal to nature: the assumption that natural things are always good",
"straw man: a misrepresentation of an opponent's position that makes it easier to argue against",
"guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Developing and supporting arguments | Classify logical fallacies | A strong argument uses valid reasoning and logic in support of a claim. When an argument or claim introduces irrelevant information or misrepresents the issues at hand, it may be committing a logical fallacy. Logical fallacies can hurt a writer's credibility and can lead readers to draw false conclusions.
A logical fal... | The text argues that Mayor Preston wants people to give up their cars. However, this misrepresents Mayor Preston's argument. Mayor Preston only wants to create more bike lanes. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as a straw man. | |
Which type of sentence is this?
Aisha is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years. | [
"complex",
"compound-complex",
"simple",
"compound"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | grammar | Phrases and clauses | Is the sentence simple, compound, complex, or compound-complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause (or subordinate clause) is not a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alon... | The sentence is compound-complex. It is made up of two independent clauses and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the relative pronoun which.
Aisha is a competitive horseback rider, and she will be competing in the next World Equestrian Games, which are held every four years. | |
Select the one animal that has all of the arachnid traits listed above. | [
"White-spotted octopuses have tentacles, which are also called arms. White-spotted octopuses can use their tentacles to reach between corals and grab fish. These octopuses have a soft red body with white spots.",
"Leaf-curling spiders spin webs with a leaf at the center. These spiders have an exoskeleton and eigh... | 1 | Arachnids are a group of animals with similar traits. The following traits can be used to identify arachnids:
They have eight legs.
They have an exoskeleton.
They have no antennae. Observe the animals and read the descriptions. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | biology | Classification | Use evidence to classify animals | Scientists sort animals with similar traits into groups. This is called classification. Classification helps scientists learn about how animals live.
How do scientists classify animals? First, they make observations about an animal. Scientists observe the animal's traits, including its body parts and behavior. Then, sc... | To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group.
Arachnids have the following traits:
They have eight legs.
They have an exoskeleton.
They have no antennae.
Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits.
A leaf-curling spider h... |
What kind of sentence is this?
Please take some time to think about my offer before you respond. | [
"exclamatory",
"interrogative",
"imperative"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | language science | punctuation | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence declarative, interrogative, imperative, or exclamatory? | There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming... | The sentence makes a request, so it is an imperative sentence. Here, it ends with a period. | |
Which text uses the word can in its traditional sense? | [
"Gina can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols.",
"If Gina prefers a keyboard with the Dvorak layout, she can use mine. In my opinion, it's faster than typing on a keyboard with a QWERTY layout."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The second text uses can in its traditional sense: to have the ability to.
Gina can type using a keyboard with a QWERTY layout, but she prefers the Dvorak layout. The two keyboards have different arrangements of letters and symbols.
The first text uses can in its nontraditional sense: to have permission to.
If Gina pre... | |
Which is a compound sentence? | [
"Last year the state received more than thirty inches of snow.",
"We have a spare tire, but it is flat, too."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple or compound? | A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or ... | The first sentence is the compound sentence. It is made up of two simple sentences joined by a comma and the conjunction but.
We have a spare tire, but it is flat, too. | |
Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
scenery - social | [
"stall",
"smuggle"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since smuggle is between the guide words scenery - social, it would be found on that page. | |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Uncle Tom,",
"Dear uncle tom,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Uncle Tom is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Would you find the word rumble on a dictionary page with the following guide words?
remote - rob | [
"yes",
"no"
] | 1 | yes or no | grade8 | language science | reference-skills | Reference skills | Use guide words | Guide words appear on each page of a dictionary. They tell you the first word and last word on the page. The other words on the page come between the guide words in alphabetical order.
To put words in alphabetical order, put them in order by their first letters. If the first letters are the same, look at the second let... | Put the words in alphabetical order.
Since rumble is not between the guide words remote - rob, it would not be found on that page. | |
Which closing is correct for a letter? | [
"Your Student,\nCarla",
"Your student,\nCarla"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. | |
Which is smoother? | [
"concrete sidewalk",
"linen handkerchief"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | physics | Materials | Compare properties of materials | Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. | Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the linen handkerchief is smoother. If you touch linen fabric, it will not feel rough. | |
Which is a complex sentence? | [
"The package includes some old letters from my grandma to my dad and a broken pocket watch.",
"After Patty returned from the Galápagos Islands, she showed Scott and Norma pictures of all the exotic animals."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade5 | language science | grammar | Sentences, fragments, and run-ons | Is the sentence simple, compound, or complex? | A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
aft... | The first sentence is the complex sentence. It is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause begins with the subordinating conjunction after.
After Patty returned from the Galápagos Islands, she showed Scott and Norma pictures of all the exotic animals. | |
Based on this information, what is this tomato plant's genotype for the fruit texture gene? | [
"FF",
"smooth fruit"
] | 0 | In a group of tomato plants, some individuals have smooth fruit and others have fuzzy fruit. In this group, the gene for the fruit texture trait has two alleles. The allele F is for smooth fruit, and the allele f is for fuzzy fruit.
A certain tomato plant from this group has smooth fruit. This plant has two alleles for... | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The tomato plant has two alleles for smooth fruit (F). So, the plant's genotype for the fruit texture gene is FF. |
Last year, there were seven men's clothing stores on Main Street in Stafford. This year, there are only three. What probably happened to the overall supply of men's shirts in Stafford? | [
"The supply probably went down.",
"The supply probably went up."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | social science | economics | Supply and demand | Understand overall supply and demand | Overall supply is the total amount of a good or service that producers make and sell. There are several things that can make overall supply go up or down. The table below shows how changes to these things might affect overall supply.
| Resources | Number of producers or suppliers | Expected change in demand
Supply goe... | When four men's clothing stores closed on Main Street, the number of suppliers went down. There were fewer stores selling men's shirts. So, the supply of men's shirts probably went down. | |
Judaism (JU-dee-izm) is a religion that has existed for thousands of years. What are people who practice Judaism called? | [
"Jains",
"Christians",
"Jews",
"Hindus"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade6 | social science | world-history | World religions | Origins of Judaism | Today, people who practice Judaism, or actively follow its teachings and traditions, are called Jews. But there are also many Jews who don't take part in religious practices. These people may still think of themselves as Jews because of their ancestry, or family history.
Early in Jewish history, ancestors of the first ... | ||
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Chad noticed that the sky was filled with cumulus clouds every day last week. | [
"weather",
"climate"
] | 0 | Hint: Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
Chad noticed that the sky was filled with cumulus clouds every day last week.
This passage tells you about the clouds Chad saw last week. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather. |
What does the idiom in this text suggest?
"Speak of the devil!" Shelley declared when Kenji strolled into the room. | [
"Shelley had just been speaking about Kenji.",
"Shelley thought Kenji was a troublemaker."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade8 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake. | The text uses an idiom, an expression that cannot be understood literally.
The idiom speak of the devil suggests that Shelley had just been speaking about Kenji. People say this when the person they've just been speaking about coincidentally arrives, as if summoned. | |
Which tense does the sentence use?
Molly will exercise with Owen in the morning. | [
"future tense",
"past tense",
"present tense"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | verbs | Verb tense | Is the sentence in the past, present, or future tense? | Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Mo... | The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, exercise. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen. | |
Compare the motion of three cars. Which car was moving at the lowest speed? | [
"a car that moved 140miles west in 10hours",
"a car that moved 640miles east in 10hours",
"a car that moved 355miles east in 10hours"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | physics | Force and motion | Compare the speeds of moving objects | An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving f... | Look at the distance each car moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each car moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each car moved for 10 hours. The car that moved 140 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that car must have moved at the lowest speed. | |
What do these two changes have in common?
water evaporating from a puddle
dry ice sublimating and becoming a gas | [
"Both are caused by cooling.",
"Both are only physical changes.",
"Both are chemical changes."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form different molecules. The types of molecules in matter bef... | Step 1: Think about each change.
Water evaporating from a puddle is a change of state. So, it is a physical change. The liquid changes into a gas, but a different type of matter is not formed.
Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. When dry ice gets warm, it changes state and becomes carbon dioxide gas. This change of state,... | |
Complete the sentence.
A flower petal turning brown is a (). | [
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | A flower petal turning brown is a chemical change. As the petal turns brown, the colorful matter in the petal breaks down and changes into a different type of matter. | |
Select the plant. | [
"Wombats eat plants.",
"Wolves eat animals.",
"Dahlias can grow colorful flowers.",
"Dung beetles walk and run."
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify plants and animals | Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. A... | A wombat is an animal. It eats plants.
Wombats have strong claws. They use their claws to dig tunnels called burrows.
A dung beetle is an animal. It walks and runs.
Dung beetles eat animal waste, which is called dung. They roll the dung into balls to store for later.
A dahlia is a plant. It can grow colorful flowers.
D... | |
Which greeting is correct for a letter? | [
"Dear Mrs. Erickson,",
"Dear mrs. erickson,"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade4 | language science | punctuation | Formatting | Greetings and closings of letters | A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I... | The second greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Mrs. Erickson is capitalized because it is a proper noun. | |
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference? | [
"Jill told her sister that she couldn't go to the film festival because of final exams.",
"Jill said that she couldn't go to the film festival with her sister because of final exams."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | writing-strategies | Pronouns | Identify vague pronoun references | When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vagu... | The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun she could refer to Jill or her sister.
Jill told her sister that she couldn't go to the film festival because of final exams.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. The text has been rewritten so that ... | |
Which text uses the word nauseous in its traditional sense? | [
"Brooke couldn't tolerate the nauseous odor emanating from the landfill, so she rolled up her car windows as she drove past.",
"The odor emanating from the landfill made Brooke so nauseous that she had to roll up the car windows as she drove past."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | writing-strategies | Word usage and nuance | Explore words with new or contested usages | Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be... | The first text uses nauseous in its traditional sense: causing disgust or nausea.
Brooke couldn't tolerate the nauseous odor emanating from the landfill, so she rolled up her car windows as she drove past.
The second text uses nauseous in its nontraditional sense: feeling disgusted or nauseated.
The odor emanating from... | |
How long is a leather belt? | [
"25 miles",
"25 inches",
"25 yards",
"25 feet"
] | 1 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade7 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of distance, mass, and volume | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A foo... | The best estimate for the length of a leather belt is 25 inches.
25 feet, 25 yards, and 25 miles are all too long. |
What information supports the conclusion that Ava inherited this trait? | [
"Ava's father has brown eyes. He passed this trait down to Ava.",
"Ava's hair is the same color as her brown eyes."
] | 0 | Read the description of a trait.
Ava has brown eyes. | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Heredity | Inherited and acquired traits: use evidence to support a statement | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | |
Using only these supplies, which question can Malik investigate with an experiment? | [
"Do watercolor paintings dry faster when placed next to a fan?",
"Do watercolor paintings dry faster when they are placed inside or outside?",
"Does a large watercolor painting or a small watercolor painting dry faster?"
] | 1 | Malik is painting watercolor pictures with his friend. An hour after they have finished, Malik notices one painting is dry but the other is not. He wonders what factors affect how quickly watercolor paintings dry. So, he decides to design an experiment. He has the following supplies available:
two freshly painted water... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | science-and-engineering-practices | Designing experiments | Identify questions that can be investigated with a set of materials | Experiments can be designed to answer specific questions. When designing an experiment, you must identify the supplies that are necessary to answer your question. In order to do this, you need to figure out what will be tested and what will be measured during the experiment.
Imagine that you are wondering if plants gro... | |
What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
"That fits you well," Ezra remarked after Anna's cap fell over her eyes for the tenth time. | [
"The cap was too big.",
"The cap was a good fit."
] | 0 | closed choice | grade7 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret figures of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking dow... | The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
Fits you well ironically suggests that the cap was too big. The cap was falling over Anna's eyes, so it didn't fit her well at all. | |
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
June, July, and August are usually humid in New Orleans, Louisiana. | [
"climate",
"weather"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | earth-science | Weather and climate | What's the difference between weather and climate? | The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of ... | Read the text carefully.
June, July, and August are usually humid in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Humidity is the amount of water in the air.
This passage tells you about the usual summer humidity in New Orleans. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate. | |
Select the animal that has a backbone. | [
"pelican",
"bumble bee"
] | 0 | Hint: Mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians all have backbones. | closed choice | grade2 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify animals with and without backbones | Some animals have a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. An animal's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each animal's backbone is colored orange.
Other animals do not have a backbone. In fact, these animals don't have any bones! Some animals witho... | A pelican is a bird. Like other birds, a pelican has a backbone.
A bumble bee is an insect. Like other insects, a bumble bee does not have a backbone. It has a hard outer cover. |
Suppose Amanda decides to go on the pirate ship. Which result would be a cost? | [
"Amanda will give up the chance to go on the Ferris wheel. She would have had more fun on that ride.",
"Amanda will save some ride tickets. She needs fewer tickets to go on the pirate ship than on the Ferris wheel."
] | 0 | Amanda is deciding which ride to go on at the fair. She can go on either the Ferris wheel or the pirate ship. She wants to have as much fun as possible at the fair. | closed choice | grade5 | social science | economics | Basic economic principles | Costs and benefits | Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you wa... | This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Amanda wants or needs:
Amanda will give up the chance to go on the Ferris wheel. She would have had more fun on that ride. |
Select the living thing. | [
"pushpin",
"robin"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | biology | Classification | Identify living and nonliving things | All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. Living things use this energy to grow and change. All living things grow and change during their lives.
All living things sense changes in the world around them. Living things might sense ... | A pushpin is not a living thing.
Pushpins do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to the world around them. They do not need food or water.
A robin is a living thing.
Robins grow and respond to the world around them. They need food and water. | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
When Mona first joined the track team, she was afraid of jumping, but she got over that hurdle. | [
"verbal irony",
"pun"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade10 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify figures of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from his... | The text uses a pun, a word or phrase that humorously suggests more than one meaning.
Hurdle refers to an obstacle that one must overcome. It also refers to an object that a runner jumps over. | |
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Warren described the situation he was facing with his boss as a catch-22. | [
"a song",
"literature"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade9 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Recall the source of an allusion | An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which C... | The source of the allusion catch-22 is literature.
Joseph Heller coined the term "catch-22" in his 1961 novel of the same name. In the novel, if an army pilot wants to avoid dangerous missions, he must be deemed mentally unfit; however, his desire to stay safe proves his sanity, so he can never be excused from a missio... | |
Complete the sentence.
Saliva breaking down a piece of bread is a (). | [
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade6 | natural science | chemistry | Chemical reactions | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | Saliva breaking down a piece of bread is a chemical change. Bread is made up mostly of a chemical called starch. Saliva breaks the bonds between atoms in the starch molecules.
The atoms then link together to form smaller, simpler molecules of sugar. The sugar is a different type of matter than the starch. | |
What does the metaphor in this text suggest?
Kiara felt a roller coaster of emotions when she heard the news. | [
"Kiara found the news scary.",
"Kiara had varied feelings."
] | 1 | closed choice | grade12 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Interpret the figure of speech | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town. | The text uses a metaphor, comparing two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The metaphor Kiara felt a roller coaster of emotions suggests that Kiara had varied feelings. A roller coaster has a dramatic mix of ups and downs, and so do Kiara's feelings. | |
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Emmy knows how to type. | [
"inherited",
"acquired"
] | 1 | Hint: Typing takes practice. | closed choice | grade4 | natural science | biology | Traits and heredity | Identify inherited and acquired traits | Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's lif... | People are not born knowing how to type. Instead, many people learn how to type. So, typing is an acquired trait. |
Based on this information, what is this rose plant's genotype for the flower color gene? | [
"FF",
"light yellow flowers"
] | 0 | In a group of rose plants, some individuals have light yellow flowers and others have dark yellow flowers. In this group, the gene for the flower color trait has two alleles. The allele F is for light yellow flowers, and the allele f is for dark yellow flowers.
A certain rose plant from this group has light yellow flow... | closed choice | grade8 | natural science | biology | Genes to traits | Genetics vocabulary: genotype and phenotype | All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different ... | An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. The rose plant has two alleles for light yellow flowers (F). So, the plant's genotype for the flower color gene is FF. |
Is the following statement true or false?
A plant cell has a cell wall. | [
"true",
"false"
] | 0 | true-or false | grade4 | natural science | biology | Cells | Cell part functions: true or false | A plant cell has a cell wall.
This statement is true. Not every cell has a cell wall, but a plant cell has one. The cell wall gives a plant cell its fixed shape. | ||
What is the mass of a vacuum cleaner? | [
"20 pounds",
"20 tons",
"20 ounces"
] | 0 | Select the best estimate. | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | units-and-measurement | Units and measurement | Choose customary units of mass | Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or ton... | The best estimate for the mass of a vacuum cleaner is 20 pounds.
20 ounces is too light and 20 tons is too heavy. |
Is the following statement true or false?
Plant cells do not have mitochondria. | [
"false",
"true"
] | 0 | true-or false | grade4 | natural science | biology | Cells | Cell part functions: true or false | Plant cells do not have mitochondria.
This statement is false. Not all cells have mitochondria, but most plant and animal cells have them. | ||
Which change best matches the sentence?
A glacier carries small rocks and boulders as it moves down a mountain. | [
"drought",
"meteorite crash",
"erosion"
] | 2 | closed choice | grade3 | natural science | earth-science | Earth events | Classify changes to Earth's surface II | |||
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
Amy's Bistro used to be a great place to go for a delicious and carefully prepared dinner, but nobody goes there anymore: it's too crowded. | [
"euphemism",
"paradox"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: euphemism, hyperbole, oxymoron, paradox | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
A euphemism is a polite or indirect expression that is used to de-emphasize an unpleasant topic.
The head of Human Resources would never refer to firing people, only to laying them off.
Hyperb... | The text uses a paradox, a statement that might at first appear to be contradictory, but that may in fact contain some truth.
Nobody goes there anymore: it's too crowded at first appears to be contradictory, because if no one goes to the restaurant, then the restaurant should be empty, not crowded. However, it contains... | |
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
"This box weighs a ton!" Martin panted. "Carly, would you mind helping me carry it up the stairs?" | [
"understatement",
"hyperbole"
] | 1 | closed choice | grade11 | language science | figurative-language | Literary devices | Classify the figure of speech: review | Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing id... | The text uses hyperbole, an obvious exaggeration that is not meant to be taken literally.
A ton is an exaggeration, since it would be impossible for one or two people to carry a box that weighed a ton, or 2000 pounds. | |
Complete the sentence.
Burning a candle is a (). | [
"chemical change",
"physical change"
] | 0 | closed choice | grade5 | natural science | chemistry | Physical and chemical change | Compare physical and chemical changes | Matter is made of very small particles called atoms. Atoms can be linked together by chemical bonds. When two or more atoms link together, they form a molecule.
In a chemical change, the chemical bonds in the molecules break. The atoms then link together to form new molecules. The types of molecules in matter before an... | Burning a candle is a chemical change. Both the wick and the melted wax burn. They react with oxygen in the air and turn into soot, carbon dioxide, and water. |
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