language stringclasses 24
values | input stringlengths 1 2.04k | output stringlengths 23 60k | instruction stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|---|---|
English | Aesthetic Appreciation and Spanish Art: | 1 Aesthetic aesthetic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=organization-heading:1->57:8|Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf1-2-sgl
2 Appreciation appreciation NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=1)
3 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc _
4 Spanish Spanish ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod Entity=(2-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
5 Art ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Insights from Eye-Tracking | 1 Insights insight NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root 0:root Discourse=elaboration-additional:2->1:0|Entity=(3-abstract-new-cf1-1-coref
2 from from ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
3 Eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound Entity=(4-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref(5-object-new-cf3-1-coref)|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Claire Bailey-Ross claire.bailey-ross@port.ac.uk University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom | 1 Claire Claire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=attribution-positive:3->57:7|Entity=(6-person-new-cf1-1,2,4-coref
2 Bailey Bailey PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
3 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 4 punct 4:punct SpaceAfter=No
4 Ross Ross PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 flat 2:flat Entity=6)|XML=</w>
5 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Andrew Beresford a.m.beresford@durham.ac.uk Durham University, United Kingdom | 1 Andrew Andrew PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-list_m:4->3:0|Entity=(11-person-new-cf2-1,2-coref
2 Beresford Beresford PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=11)
3 a.m.beresford@durham.ac.uk a.m.beresford@durham.ac.uk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Entity=(12-abstract-new-cf3-1-sgl)
4 Durh... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Daniel Smith daniel.smith2@durham.ac.uk Durham University, United Kingdom | 1 Daniel Daniel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-list_m:5->3:0|Entity=(15-person-new-cf4-1,2-coref
2 Smith Smith PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=15)
3 daniel.smith2@durham.ac.uk daniel.smith2@durham.ac.uk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Entity=(16-abstract-new-cf5-1-sgl)
4 Durham Durha... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Claire Warwick c.l.h.warwick@durham.ac.uk Durham University, United Kingdom | 1 Claire Claire PROPN NNP Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Discourse=joint-list_m:6->3:0|Entity=(17-person-new-cf4-1,2-coref
2 Warwick Warwick PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 flat 1:flat Entity=17)
3 c.l.h.warwick@durham.ac.uk c.l.h.warwick@durham.ac.uk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 list 1:list Entity=(18-abstract-new-cf5-1-sgl)
4 Durham D... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | How do people look at and experience art? | 1 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=organization-preparation:7->57:6
2 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux 4:aux|7:aux _
3 people person NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj 4:nsubj|7:nsubj Entity=(19-person-new-cf1-1-coref)
4 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Which elements of specific artworks do they focus on? | 1 Which which DET WDT PronType=Int 2 det 2:det Discourse=joint-list_m:8->7:0|Entity=(21-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
2 elements element NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl 8:obl:on _
3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
4 specific specific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod Entity=(22-object-new-cf3-2-sgl
5 artworks artwork NOUN NNS Number=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Do museum labels have an impact on how people look at artworks? | 1 Do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux 4:aux Discourse=joint-list_m:9->7:0
2 museum museum NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(23-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl(24-organization-new-cf5-1-coref)
3 labels label NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=23)
4 have have VERB VB ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The viewing experience of art is a complex one, involving issues of perception, attention, memory, decision-making, affect, and emotion. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=explanation-justify:10->12:2|Entity=(27-abstract-new-cf1-3-coref
2 viewing viewing NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(28-event-new-cf10-1-sgl)
3 experience experience NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj 9:nsubj _
4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
5 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Thus, the time it takes and the ways of visually exploring an artwork can inform about its relevance, interestingness, and even its aesthetic appeal. | 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 16 advmod 16:advmod Discourse=context-background:12->23:6|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(36-time-new-cf3-2-sgl
4 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj 16:nsubj _
5 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This paper describes a collaborative pilot project focusing on a unique collection of 17th Century Zurbarán paintings. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=context-background:17->23:5|Entity=(42-abstract-acc:com-cf1-2-coref
2 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=42)
3 describes describe VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The Jacob cycle at Auckland Castle is the only UK example of a continental collection preserved in situ in purpose-built surroundings. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:19->18:0|Entity=(44-object-giv:act-cf1*-2,3,5,6-coref
2 Jacob Jacob PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(48-person-new-cf6-1-coref-Jacob)
3 cycle Cycle PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj 11:nsubj _
4 at at ADP IN _ 6 case... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | While studies of the psychology of art have focused on individual works and distinctions between representative / non-representative topics, no work has been completed on the aesthetic appreciation of collections or of devotional themes. | 1 While while SCONJ IN _ 9 mark 9:mark Discourse=adversative-concession:21->22:0
2 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj 9:nsubj Entity=(53-abstract-new-cf2-1-sgl
3 of of ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(54-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl
5 psychology psychology NOUN N... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In this paper, we report upon the novel insights eye-tracking techniques have provided into the unconscious processes of viewing the unique collection of Zurbarán artworks. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=context-background:23->57:5
2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(42-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-2-coref
3 paper paper NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:in Entity=42)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the effects of different written interpretation on the visual exploration of artworks. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=purpose-goal:27->23:2|Entity=(65-abstract-new-cf1-2-coref
2 purpose purpose NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj:outer 9:nsubj:outer _
3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 det 6:det Entity=(43-abstract-giv:inact-cf2-3-core... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We will discuss the potential implications of these techniques and our understanding of visual behaviours on museum and gallery practice. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:28->27:0|Entity=(62-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
2 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux 3:aux _
3 discuss discuss VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:root _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The project brings together established research strengths in Spanish art history, experimental psychology, digital humanities, and museum studies to explore, using eye-tracking techniques, aesthetic reactions to digital representations of the individual Zurbarán artworks as well as the significance of the collection a... | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=evaluation-comment:29->23:3|Entity=(43-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
2 project project NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=43)
3 brings bring VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 together together ADP RP... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Our experience of art develops from the interaction of several cognitive and affective processes; the beginning of which is a visual scan of the artwork. | 1 Our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss 2:nmod:poss Discourse=context-background:33->36:3|Entity=(83-abstract-new-cf4-2-sgl(84-person-acc:com-cf3-1-ana)
2 experience experience NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj _
3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 art art NOUN NN Number=Sin... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | When regarding an artwork, a viewer gathers information through a series fixations, interspersed by rapid movements of the eye called saccades. | 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 2 advmod 2:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:35->36:1
2 regarding regard VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 advcl 8:advcl:when _
3 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(88-object-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
4 artwork artwork NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2:obj Entity=88)|SpaceAfter=No... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The direction of saccades is determined by an interaction between the goals of the observer and the physical properties of the different elements of the scene (e.g. colour, texture, brightness etc). | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:39->36:2|Entity=(94-abstract-new-cf7-2-sgl
2 direction direction NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass 6:nsubj:pass _
3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case _
4 saccades saccade NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod 2:nmod:of Entity=(93-event-giv:act-cf2-... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Importantly, studying eye movements offers an insight that does not depend on the participants’ beliefs, memories or subjective impressions of the artwork. | 1 Importantly importantly ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod 6:advmod Discourse=evaluation-comment:41->39:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 studying study VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 6 csubj 6:csubj _
4 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound Entity=(93-event-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref(5-object-giv:inact-cf3-1-... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Previous eye tracking research has highlighted the potential to transform the ways we understand visual processing in the arts (see for example Brieber 2014; Binderman et al., 2005) and at the same time offers a direct way of studying several important factors of a museum visit (Filippini Fantoni et al., 2013; Heidenre... | 1 Previous previous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Discourse=context-background:43->57:4|Entity=(107-abstract-new-cf5-4-sgl
2 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(4-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref(5-object-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
3 tracking tracking NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 compound 4:compound Entity=4)... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Zurbarán’s cycle of Jacob and his Sons has been on display in the Long Room at Auckland Castle for over 250 years. | 1-2 Zurbarán’s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1 Zurbarán Zurbarán PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod:poss 3:nmod:poss Discourse=context-background:50->57:3|Entity=(44-object-giv:inact-cf2-3-coref(47-person-giv:inact-cf3-1-coref-Francisco_de_Zurbarán
2 ’s 's PART POS _ 1 case 1:case Entity=47)
3 cycle cycle NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj 12:n... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It is the only cycle to be preserved in purpose-built surroundings in the UK, and one of very few of its kind in the world. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:51->50:0|Entity=(44-object-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop 5:cop _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(44-ob... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | It has a long history in scholarship (Baron & Beresford 2014), but many key aspects of its production and significance have not yet been fully understood. | 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=adversative-concession:54->56:0|Entity=(44-object-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 has have VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(134... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In this study we used eye-tracking in the first stage of exploring audience experience of the extensive Spanish art collections of County Durham, of which the 13 Zurbarán artworks (there are actually only 12 Zurbarán artworks, the 13th Benjamin, is a copy by Arthur Pond) are a key part of, to investigate the ways in wh... | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=ROOT:57:0
2 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(43-abstract-giv:inact-cf9-2-coref
3 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl 5:obl:in Entity=43)
4 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(62-person-giv:inact-cf7-1-a... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This pilot project primarily investigated how participants visually explore artworks and provides new insights into the potential eye-tracking has to transform the ways we understand visual processing in arts and culture and at the same time offer a direct way of studying several important factors of a museum visit, na... | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:67->57:2|Entity=(43-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
2 pilot pilot NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound _
3 project project NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj|12:nsubj Entity=43)
4 primarily primarily ADV RB Degree=Pos 5 advmod ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | 1 Introduction | 1 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 dep 2:dep Discourse=organization-heading:1->70:7
2 Introduction introduction NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
| Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Tenured and tenure-track university faculty play a special role in determining the speed and direction of scientific progress, both directly through their research and indirectly through their training of new researchers. | 1 Tenured Tenured ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Discourse=context-background:2->5:4|Entity=(2-person-new-cf1-7-coref
2 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc _
3 tenure tenure NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
4 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 3 punct 3:punct SpaceAfter=No
5 track track NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 con... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Past studies establish that each of these efforts is strongly and positively influenced through various forms of faculty diversity, including ethnic, racial, and gender diversity. | 1 Past past ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=attribution-positive:4->5:1|Entity=(10-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
2 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=10)
3 establish establish VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 that that SCONJ IN _ 13 mark 13:mark ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | As an example, research shows that greater diversity within a community or group can lead to improved critical thinking [1] and more creative solutions to complex tasks [2, 3] by pairing together individuals with unique skillsets and perspectives that complement and often augment the abilities of their peers. | 1 As as ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=attribution-positive:7->8:3
2 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(16-abstract-new-cf6-2-sgl
3 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:as Entity=16)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 research research NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj 6:nsu... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Additionally, diversity has been shown to produce more supportive social climates and effective learning environments [4], which can facilitate the mentoring of young scientists. | 1 Additionally additionally ADV RB Degree=Pos 6 advmod 6:advmod Discourse=joint-list_m:14->8:4|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 diversity diversity NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass 6:nsubj:pass|8:nsubj:xsubj Entity=(31-abstract-new-cf1-1-coref)
4 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pre... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Despite these positive effects, however, quantifying the impact of diversity in science remains exceedingly difficult, due in large part to a lack of comprehensive data about the scientific workforce. | 1 Despite despite ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case Discourse=adversative-concession:17->18:0
2 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 4 det 4:det Entity=(37-abstract-acc:aggr-cf2-3-sgl|SplitAnte=20<37,22<37
3 positive positive ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod _
4 effects effect NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl 15:obl:despite Entit... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Measuring the composition and dynamics of a scientific workforce, particularly in a rapidly expanding field like computer science, is a crucial first step toward understanding how scholarly research is conducted and how it might be enhanced. | 1 Measuring measure VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 25 csubj 25:csubj Discourse=context-background:19->70:6|Entity=(43-event-new-cf2-1-disc
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Entity=(44-abstract-new-cf3-2,4-sgl
3 composition composition NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obj 1:obj _
4 and and CCONJ CC _ 5 cc 5:cc _
5 dyna... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For many scientific fields, however, there is no central listing of all tenure-track faculty, making it difficult to define a rigorous sample frame for analysis. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case Discourse=adversative-antithesis:20->19:0
2 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(49-abstract-new-cf4-3-sgl
3 scientific scientific ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod _
4 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl 9:obl:for Entity=49)|SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct 4:punct ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Further, rates of adoption of services like GoogleScholar and ResearchGate vary within, and across disciplines. | 1 Further far ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 12 advmod 12:advmod Discourse=joint-list_m:22->20:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 rates rate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj 12:nsubj Entity=(55-abstract-new-cf1-1,9-sgl
4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case 5:case _
5 adoption adoption NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod 3:nmod:of Entity=(5... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For instance, gender representation in computing is an important issue with broad implications [5], but without a full census of computing faculty, the degree of inequality and its possible sources are difficult to establish [6]. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-justify:23->19:1
2 instance instance NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nmod 11:nmod:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 gender gender NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 compound 5:compound Bridge=15<62|Entity=(61-abstract-new-cf2-2-coref(62-abstract-acc:inf-cf4-1-sgl)
5 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Some disciplines, like political science, are organized around a single professional society, whose membership roll approximates a full census [7]. | 1 Some some DET DT PronType=Ind 2 det 2:det Bridge=60<72|Discourse=context-background:29->37:6|Entity=(72-abstract-acc:inf-cf1-2-sgl
2 disciplines discipline NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj:pass 9:nsubj:pass SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct 6:punct _
4 like like ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
5 political political ADJ JJ D... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Most fields, on the other hand, including computer science, lack a single all-encompassing organization and membership information is instead distributed across many disjoint lists, such as web-based faculty directories for individual departments. | 1 Most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 2 amod 2:amod Bridge=60<79|Discourse=adversative-contrast_m:32->29:2|Entity=(79-abstract-acc:inf-cf3-2-sgl
2 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj 13:nsubj Entity=79)|SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 on on ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronTy... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Because assembling such a full census is difficult, past studies have tended to avoid this task and have instead used samples of researchers [8 – 11], usually specific to a particular field [12 – 16], and often focused on the scientific elite [17, 18]. | 1 Because because SCONJ IN _ 8 mark 8:mark Discourse=causal-cause:36->37:4
2 assembling assemble VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 csubj 8:csubj _
3 such such DET PDT PronType=Dem 6 det:predet 6:det:predet Entity=(77-event-giv:inact-cf1-4-coref
4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det _
5 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Although useful, such samples are not representative of the scientific workforce as a whole and thus have limited generalizability. | 1 Although although SCONJ IN _ 2 mark 2:mark Discourse=adversative-concession:44->45:1
2 useful useful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 advcl 8:advcl:although SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod Discourse=evaluation-comment:45->37:5|Entity=(88-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
5 s... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | One of the largest census efforts to date assembled, by hand, a nearly complete record of three academic fields: computer science, history, and business [19]. | 1 One one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nsubj 9:nsubj Discourse=adversative-contrast_m:47->37:7|Entity=(99-event-new-cf2-1-sgl
2 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det _
4 largest large ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 6 amod 6:amod _
5 census census NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 compound ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This data set has shed considerable light on dramatic inequalities in faculty training, placement, and scholarly productivity [6, 19, 20]. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Discourse=evaluation-comment:50->47:2|Entity=(101-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
2 data datum NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 compound 3:compound _
3 set set NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=101)
4 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | But, this data set is only a single snapshot of an evolving and expanding system and hence offers few insights into the changing composition and diversity trends within these academic fields. | 1 But but CCONJ CC _ 10 cc 10:cc Discourse=adversative-contrast_m:52->50:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 det 5:det Entity=(101-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
4 data datum NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 compound 5:compound _
5 set set NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj 10... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In some fields, yearly data on faculty numbers and composition are available in aggregate. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=joint-other_m:54->37:8
2 some some DET DT PronType=Ind 3 det 3:det Bridge=60<118|Entity=(118-abstract-acc:inf-cf1-2-sgl
3 fields field NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obl 13:obl:in Entity=118)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 yearly yearly ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod 6:amo... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In computer science, the Computing Research Association (CRA) documents trends in the employment of PhD recipients through the annual Taulbee survey of computing departments in North America (cra.org/resources/taulbee-survey). | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=elaboration-additional:55->54:0
2 computer computer NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 compound 3:compound Entity=(47-abstract-giv:inact-cf3-2-coref
3 science science NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl 12:obl:in Entity=47)|SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 the the DET DT Definite=Def... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Such surveys can provide valuable insight into trends and summary statistics on the scientific workforce but suffer from two key weaknesses. | 1 Such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod 2:amod Discourse=organization-preparation:59->61:3|Entity=(132-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl
2 surveys survey NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj 4:nsubj|17:nsubj Entity=132)
3 can can AUX MD Number=Plur|Person=3|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux 4:aux|17:aux _
4 provide provide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root 0:ro... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | First, surveys are subject to variable response rates and the misinterpretation of questions or sample frames, which can inject bias into fine-grained analyses [21, 22]. | 1 First first ADV RB Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 5 advmod 5:advmod Discourse=evaluation-comment:61->54:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 surveys survey NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(137-abstract-new-cf1-1-sgl)
4 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop 5:cop... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Second, aggregate information provides only a high-level view of a field, which can make it difficult to investigate causality [23]. | 1 Second second ADV RB Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 5 advmod 5:advmod Discourse=joint-list_m:64->61:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 aggregate aggregate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(146-abstract-new-cf3-2-sgl
4 information information NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=146)
5 provides pr... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For example, differences in recruitment and retention strategies across departments will be washed out by averaging, thereby masking any insights into the efficacy of individual strategies and policies. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=explanation-evidence:67->64:2
2 example example NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl 14:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 differences difference NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj:pass 14:nsubj:pass Entity=(152-abstract-new-cf2-1-sgl
5 in in ADP IN _ 9 case 9:case _
6... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Here, we present a novel system, based on a topical web crawler, that can quickly and automatically assemble a full census of an academic field using digital data available on the public World Wide Web. | 1 Here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=ROOT:70:0|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=(162-person-acc:com-cf3-1-ana)
4 present present VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This system is efficient and accurate, and it can be adapted to any academic discipline and used for continuous collection. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=evaluation-comment:74->70:2|Entity=(163-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj|6:nsubj Entity=163)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop 4:cop _
4 efficient efficient ADJ JJ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The system is capable of collecting census data for an entire academic field in just a few hours using off-the-shelf computing hardware, a vast improvement over the roughly 1600 hours required to do this task by hand [19]. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:77->70:3|Entity=(170-abstract-new-cf3-4-disc(163-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=163)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop 4:cop _
4 cap... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | By assembling an accurate census of an entire field from online information alone, this system will facilitate new research on the composition of academic fields by providing access to complete faculty listings, without having to rely on surveys or professional societies. | 1 By by SCONJ IN _ 2 mark 2:mark Discourse=mode-means:84->85:2
2 assembling assemble VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 advcl 18:advcl:by _
3 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det 5:det Entity=(172-abstract-giv:act-cf2-3-coref
4 accurate accurate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod 5:amod _
5 census census NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obj 2... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | This system can also be used longitudinally to study how the workforce’s composition changes over time, which is particularly valuable for evaluating the effectiveness of policies meant to broaden participation or improve retention of faculty. | 1 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 det 2:det Discourse=joint-list_m:88->77:5|Entity=(163-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-2-coref
2 system system NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass 6:nsubj:pass Entity=163)
3 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 6 aux 6:aux _
4 also also ADV RB _ 6 advmod 6:advmod _
5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 6 a... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Finally, applied to many academic fields in parallel, the system can elucidate scientists’ movement between different disciplines and relate those labor flows to scientific advances. | 1 Finally finally ADV RB Degree=Pos 14 advmod 14:advmod Discourse=context-circumstance:93->94:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 applied apply VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 14 advcl 14:advcl _
4 to to ADP IN _ 7 case 7:case _
5 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Bridge=179<188|Entity=(188-ab... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In short, many important research questions will benefit from the availability of accurate and frequently-recollected census data. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case 2:case Discourse=evaluation-comment:96->70:4
2 short short ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 obl 9:obl:in SpaceAfter=No
3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct 2:punct _
4 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod Entity=(194-abstract-new-cf1-4-sgl
5 important important ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod 7:amod _
6 research research N... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Our study is organized as follows. | 1 Our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss 2:nmod:poss Discourse=organization-preparation:97->98:2|Entity=(198-abstract-new-cf2-2-sgl(162-person-giv:inact-cf1-1-ana)
2 study study NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass 4:nsubj:pass Entity=198)
3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Pers... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | We begin by detailing the design and implementation of our web crawler framework. | 1 We we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj 2:nsubj Discourse=elaboration-additional:98->70:5|Entity=(162-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
2 begin begin VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
3 by by SCONJ IN _ 4 mark 4:mark Discourse=mode-means:99->98:0
4 detai... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Next, we present the results of our work in two sections. | 1 Next next ADV RB Degree=Pos 4 advmod 4:advmod Discourse=joint-sequence_m:100->98:1|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=(162-person-giv:act-cf1*-1-ana)
4 present present VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Verb... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The first demonstrates the validity and utility of the crawler by collecting census data for the field of computer science and comparing it to a hand-curated census, collected in 2011 [19]. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Bridge=203<204|Discourse=elaboration-additional:101->100:0|Entity=(204-abstract-acc:inf-cf5-2-sgl
2 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 3 nsubj 3:nsubj Entity=204)
3 demonstrates demonstrate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 roo... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The second provides an example of the type of research enabled by our system and uses the 2011 and 2017 censuses to investigate the “leaky pipeline” problem in faculty retention. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Bridge=203<209|Discourse=joint-sequence_m:106->101:1|Entity=(209-abstract-acc:inf-cf6-2-sgl
2 second second NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj 3:nsubj|16:nsubj Entity=209)
3 provides provide VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root 0:root _
4 ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | 2. New Institutional Economics: Theoretical Foundations and Application to the Argentine Case | 1 2. 2. X LS _ 4 dep 4:dep Discourse=organization-heading:1->88:6
2 New new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(1-abstract-new-cf2-3-coref
3 Institutional institutional ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod _
4 Economics economics NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=1)|SpaceAfter=No
5 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct 7:punct _... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | 2.1. New Institutional Economics, Property Rights, and Credibility of the State’s Commitment | 1 2.1. 2.1. X LS _ 4 dep 4:dep Discourse=organization-heading:3->88:4
2 New new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod Entity=(1-abstract-giv:act-cf1*-3-coref
3 Institutional institutional ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod _
4 Economics economics NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root 0:root Entity=1)|SpaceAfter=No
5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Throughout the second half of the 20th century, we have witnessed the return of institutions to economic analysis. | 1 Throughout throughout ADP IN _ 4 case 4:case Discourse=context-background:4->14:4
2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Entity=(9-time-new-cf3-3-sgl
3 second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumType=Ord 4 amod 4:amod _
4 half half NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac 12 obl 12:obl:throughout _
5 of ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The awarding of the Nobel Prize in Economics to its main representatives (Douglass North, Ronald Coase, Oliver Williamson, and Elinor Ostrom) has contributed to its greater recognition. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det 2:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:5->4:0|Entity=(15-event-new-cf3-2,5,8-sgl
2 awarding awarding NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj 28:nsubj _
3 of of ADP IN _ 6 case 6:case _
4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det 6:det Entity=(16-abstract-new-cf1-2,3,5-coref-No... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | The two main notions of this economic approach are the concepts of transaction costs and institutions, analyzed by Coase and North, respectively. | 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det 4:det Discourse=elaboration-additional:8->4:1|Entity=(24-abstract-new-cf1-4-coref
2 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod 4:nummod _
3 main main ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 amod 4:amod _
4 notions notion NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nsubj 11:nsubj _
5 of of ADP IN _ 8 cas... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Coase [13,14] argues that economic transactions involve costs, and where these costs outweigh the gains, the exchange will not take place. | 1 Coase Coase PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj 7:nsubj Discourse=attribution-positive:10->14:2|Entity=(20-person-giv:act-cf2-1-coref-Ronald_Coase)
2 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 3 punct 3:punct Discourse=explanation-evidence:11->12:0|SpaceAfter=No|XML=<w>
3 13 13 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 1 dep 1:dep Entity=(27-abstract-new-... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | For its part, North defined the institutions as the “rules of the game”: they determine the structure of the economy, establish incentives for economic behavior, and affect social interaction [12]. | 1 For for ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=joint-other_m:17->14:3
2 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss 3:nmod:poss _
3 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl 6:obl:for SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 North North PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj 6:ns... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Thus, institutions also determine the level of uncertainty to which individuals are subject, stimulating or discouraging transactions. | 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 5 advmod 5:advmod Discourse=context-background:22->25:2|SpaceAfter=No
2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct 1:punct _
3 institutions institution NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj 5:nsubj Entity=(13-organization-giv:act-cf1*-1-coref)
4 also also ADV RB _ 5 advmod 5:advmod _
5 determine determine VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Numb... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | A viable economy requires an institutional structure that reduces existing uncertainty and guarantees property rights. | 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det 3:det Discourse=topic-solutionhood:25->32:2|Entity=(44-abstract-new-cf2-3-sgl
2 viable viable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 economy economy NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj 4:nsubj Entity=44)
4 requires require VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin ... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | In other words, it is critical that economic agents believe that their property rights will not be taken away by other public or private actors [15]. | 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case 3:case Discourse=explanation-justify:28->25:1
2 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod 3:amod _
3 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl 7:obl:in SpaceAfter=No
4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct 3:punct _
5 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 expl 7:expl Entity=(47-abstract... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
English | Achieving these objectives requires the creation of inclusive institutions, which guarantee the right to private property, incorporate an impartial legal system, and promote a society based on equality of conditions [16]. | 1 Achieving achieve VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 4 csubj 4:csubj Discourse=explanation-justify:32->74:2
2 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 3 det 3:det Entity=(51-abstract-acc:aggr-cf1-2-sgl|SplitAnte=45<51,47<51,5<51
3 objectives objective NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 obj 1:obj Entity=51)
4 requires require VERB VBZ Mood=... | Annotate syntax and morphology of the text in CONLLU format |
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