id stringlengths 36 36 | text stringlengths 109 999 | metadata stringlengths 500 532 | embedding stringlengths 9.43k 9.58k |
|---|---|---|---|
e8cfc614-2fd3-4dbe-9c95-b275611dabd9 | Air pollution
Air pollution is the presence of substances in the air that are harmful to humans, other living beings or the
environment. Pollutants can be gases, like ozone or nitrogen oxides, or small particles like soot and dust.
Both outdoor and indoor air can be polluted.
Outdoor air pollution comes from burning fo... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 10, "from": 1}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'... | [0.044033084,0.036010575,-0.17595474,-0.010503714,0.059497606,0.09782289,-0.008776407,0.011461387,0.018396193,-0.045287058,0.04003443,0.061630625,0.074073754,0.03928097,0.0061029335,-0.040203355,-0.03937723,-0.021173889,0.013532417,0.051382594,-0.08089396,-0.0687604,0.03252244,-0.05915905,0.028984569,0.048150476,0.0004... |
a9066457-2918-46ca-8c94-32b27b3111f8 | Air pollution kills 7 or 8 million people each year. It is a significant risk factor for a number of diseases,
including stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and lung cancer.
Particulate matter is the most deadly, both for indoor and outdoor air pollution. Ozone affects crops, an... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 19, "from": 10}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00... | [0.046393253,0.026790593,-0.17480019,0.030652879,0.06580541,0.088622004,-0.029088752,0.022733223,0.052673645,-0.023647135,0.03895037,0.010385022,0.08124022,0.022875074,0.034197453,-0.0075428053,-0.058170453,-0.030648213,-0.0064192205,0.024092011,-0.039336912,-0.07146693,0.0027719445,-0.064094335,0.027106473,0.078004524... |
9c73f535-7539-4bc6-9763-e6fcab30e98c | 1963 US Clean Air Act. International efforts have had mixed results: the Montreal Protocol almost eliminated
harmful ozone-depleting chemicals, while international action on climate change has been less successful.
Sources
Human sources
Industry and construction
Demolition of the cooling towers of a power
station, At... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 27, "from": 19}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00... | [0.038535457,0.015624546,-0.17599481,0.014580211,0.06653054,0.07149572,-0.012055533,0.0470298,0.026455611,-0.033635497,0.024344174,-0.031857923,0.054689027,-0.014801907,0.054516084,-0.022615772,-0.021039283,-0.061471384,0.004121404,0.08493977,0.0012222795,-0.085370764,-0.005300837,-0.060027074,0.03324159,0.06109487,-0.... |
cb141194-2931-434d-9bbf-b80b4268a95f | Before flue-gas desulfurization was
installed, the emissions from this power
plant in New Mexico contained excessive
amounts of sulfur dioxide.
Burning fuel to generate electricity causes air pollution; lignite and coal produce the most air pollution,
followed by oil, and then by fossil gas and biomass.
[1][2]
Methane... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 52, "from": 30}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00... | [0.03983701,0.02376338,-0.18829948,-0.007636416,0.031468045,0.01036787,-0.037828665,0.08211876,0.0029041416,-0.045856316,0.029430375,0.024615187,0.097162284,0.0066146394,0.055040915,-0.037265528,-0.013534802,-0.025261639,0.004698626,0.0045955484,-0.04396547,-0.095616,0.01844668,-0.09312699,0.051258296,0.05210685,-0.019... |
64d91168-41a2-4a7e-9acc-4c4235dce998 | and demolition are relatively coarse.
[8][9]
Construction also has an indirect impact on air quality, as cement
production is one of the main sources of particle pollution.
[5]
Though banned in many countries, asbestos
persists in older buildings, where it poses a risk of lung disease when disturbed.
[10]
Building m... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 72, "from": 50}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00... | [0.061573606,0.041744888,-0.16761033,-0.005025333,0.048099957,0.05423525,0.009136032,0.07178337,0.026674481,-0.02565345,0.049770895,-0.006521038,0.07858574,0.01731079,0.033672657,-0.013096262,-0.044943366,-0.023702724,0.053114545,0.04423987,-0.024757447,-0.052805733,0.012678461,-0.09840795,0.014951296,0.06383869,-0.020... |
c042d087-359d-4e97-959a-4d1eb8197a2a | half from non-exhaust emissions (tire and brake wear and erosion or disturbance of the road surface);
electric vehicles produce no tailpipe emissions, but still produce the other emissions.
[15]
Diesel trains, ships,
and planes also cause air pollution.
[16]
Agriculture and waste
Controlled burning of a field outsid... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 80, "from": 70}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00... | [0.024969868,0.031367708,-0.19855876,0.017436408,0.0939421,0.075779125,0.0122852065,0.03808115,0.020645883,-0.056241535,0.041287158,0.0074809454,0.10411873,0.057676904,0.004728065,-0.008704508,-0.02324706,-0.04423072,0.029755792,0.03340609,-0.005467415,-0.053279065,-0.0012352901,-0.042454857,0.044288445,0.056649815,-0.... |
efed2f2d-c8a8-479d-955f-dad88737cf30 | E-waste processing in Agbogbloshie,
Ghana, using open-burning of electronics
to access valuable metals like copper.
Agricultural emissions, both from crops and from animal agriculture, contribute substantially to air
pollution.
[17][18]
For instance, methane is emitted by the digestion of food by cattle, causing groun... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 103, "from": 83}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'0... | [0.03277245,0.033913985,-0.19344097,-0.026340462,0.0852121,0.03750784,-0.011557352,0.053909805,0.01643406,-0.04531331,0.0028455323,0.02056899,0.09951606,0.035059407,0.017894395,-0.009308534,-0.046284962,-0.021757178,0.0035001289,0.10032453,-0.043384403,-0.07418842,0.024087885,-0.06043766,0.011414423,0.03650135,-0.00836... |
2086466e-ca17-4a48-b1d7-830fc9ca024e | [22]
Organic
waste in landfills itself also produces methane as it decomposes.
[23]
Globally, a quarter of solid waste is not
collected and another quarter is not disposed of properly.
[24]
Household sources
Smoking fish over an open fire in Ghana,
2018.
As of 2023, more than 2.3 billion people in developing countr... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 125, "from": 99}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'0... | [0.0100408895,0.034563355,-0.18425238,-0.031064816,0.069184765,0.029288564,-0.009306674,0.034589145,0.015883181,-0.061131857,-0.00826853,-0.005909053,0.09449731,0.05215489,0.010024233,-0.025573526,-0.043714896,-0.025587322,-0.01950797,0.090673655,-0.06869678,-0.06075002,0.020138364,-0.055734687,0.013694742,0.067756295,... |
63568e0f-57d4-4ed7-9b2d-536c2177bb2d | children.
[26]
Gas stoves for cooking contribute to indoor air pollution by emitting NO
2
, benzene, and carbon
monoxide.
[27]
Toasters can produce particulate pollution.
[28]
Similarly, heating systems such as furnaces and
other types of fuel-burning heating devices release pollutants into the air.
[29]
In some dev... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 136, "from": 117}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [-0.016432483,0.061415467,-0.18126792,-0.006383935,0.009299957,0.03931078,-0.022658052,0.041770924,0.017277116,-0.04544527,-0.023138601,0.036281914,0.06867128,0.076235555,0.017860329,-0.048716288,-0.07007726,-0.0065803085,-0.007110566,0.040417165,-0.047947373,-0.05475417,0.01338426,-0.096083075,0.014489839,0.07326108,-... |
230f548f-ac2b-48bf-ae53-754ced409cae | Other sources of indoor air pollution are building materials, biological material and tobacco smoke.
Biological material, such as dander, house dust mite, mold and pollen, can come from humans, animals or
plants. Some of this material can trigger allergies, such as allergic rhinitis.
[11]
Fumes from pesticides, paints... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 154, "from": 138}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.04259636,0.045278154,-0.1866755,0.0047656097,0.028760193,0.06082953,-0.03758506,0.027952038,0.029859511,-0.072005145,0.0362945,0.04729214,0.08368197,0.05964335,-0.0010717562,-0.031348366,-0.016712623,-0.0028191202,0.026709147,0.02235117,-0.06637588,-0.09738512,0.044199076,-0.088899426,0.0020842585,0.059796114,-0.022... |
a5af56a5-06e3-4cb7-a3a7-527a1c752ac9 | The theory motivated an enormous emphasis on public sanitation in major cities to remove smelly pollution,
especially human and animal excrement, from streets and back alleys. The theory collapsed when
physicians accepted the new germ theory of disease in the late 19th century. Germs coughed up by an | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 927, "from": 925}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.048745703,0.06445766,-0.17944874,-0.056967393,0.05332595,0.105921544,-0.024573943,0.058915418,0.02965688,-0.01956682,0.006824311,0.0050970763,0.14816464,0.048891626,-0.030903157,-0.03761163,-0.018518351,0.007656982,-0.027863722,0.021874648,-0.0839986,-0.024323434,0.054850053,-0.07199144,0.025018977,-0.0012714424,-0.... |
d6fea0e1-a1cf-4c88-a4b2-7e5691ee78c7 | America.
[33]
Radon is a radioactive gas that can build up in buildings from the soil. It can cause lung cancer, especially
in smokers. Levels are generally low, but can be elevated in buildings with "leaky" foundations or areas with
soils rich in uranium.
[34]
Volcanic eruptions can be a large source of sulfur dioxid... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 172, "from": 152}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.03780321,0.028490746,-0.1915189,-0.0023082637,0.027978487,0.063334115,-0.022132132,0.033157215,0.036999594,-0.044359293,0.024597023,0.049833708,0.07633402,0.022813858,-0.004542325,-0.025428861,0.0029790963,-0.048712797,0.033481363,0.061583273,-0.07630439,-0.07951493,0.027844187,-0.05417844,0.03882484,0.08685787,-0.0... |
a7c6cab8-96b5-4790-abe2-061ce0ee2c1b | Major pollutants
Major pollutants, their sources and effects: (1)
greenhouse gases, (2) particulate pollution, (3) ozone-
depleting gases, (4) acid rain, (5) ground-level ozone, (6)
nitrogen oxides
Air pollutants can be tiny solid or liquid particles dispersed in the air (called aerosols), or gases.
[40]
Pollutants a... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 191, "from": 174}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.02919922,-0.00037485515,-0.18027589,-0.025011761,0.041343976,0.048797693,-0.03244882,-0.0013756535,0.03482849,-0.07806796,0.0012945895,0.06956091,0.077084094,0.018795628,0.013287302,-0.03469789,-0.02795352,-0.040850993,0.030056175,0.0467367,-0.07191763,-0.0904634,0.027192052,-0.06941888,0.035937853,0.084504865,-0.00... |
c35df22a-4e98-4042-b739-babd97723bb8 | both primary and secondary — both are emitted directly and formed from other primary pollutants.
[41]
Ammonia
Ammonia (NH
3
) is emitted mainly by overuse of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers on farmland, and from manure
and urine from livestock.
[42]
At typical concentrations in the air, it is not harmful to health dire... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 215, "from": 187}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.054556016,0.00010050687,-0.17142667,0.0047565717,0.037293404,0.06381027,-0.05065022,0.0032429008,0.02444337,-0.048732154,0.024836317,0.052102894,0.08946592,0.05250937,0.031519875,-0.010110439,-0.013302212,-0.021022022,0.0452698,0.057101823,-0.08591871,-0.04954724,0.03520635,-0.06549947,0.043798573,0.08449543,0.00050... |
4a6c77c1-a383-4313-8a97-4dc7e9800362 | [45][46]
Although the World
Health Organization recognizes CO
2
as a climate pollutant, it does not include the gas in its Air Quality
Guidelines or set recommended targets for it.
[47]
This question of terminology has practical consequences,
for example, in determining whether the U.S. Clean Air Act (which is desig... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 224, "from": 209}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.0135481665,0.006256315,-0.1554041,-0.023107445,0.026916564,0.0725219,-0.015831733,0.007261397,-0.002594427,-0.06310957,0.026189668,0.040844925,0.07067878,0.012142377,0.077110924,-0.049985256,-0.00922056,-0.007704102,0.01691025,0.03278507,-0.05678894,-0.03648452,-0.009236153,-0.08939334,0.043521695,0.028510898,0.0114... |
6f247858-9f1f-491e-aabe-6a0d7053ede8 | Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and toxic gas.
[49]
It is a product of combustion of fuel such
as natural gas, coal, or wood. In the past, emissions from vehicles were the main source of CO, but modern
vehicles do not emit much of it. Now, wildfires and bonfires are the main source of ou... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 256, "from": 226}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.0052647986,0.013258123,-0.19228023,0.004210413,0.018012354,0.03624009,-0.0016418432,0.047284987,0.0396472,-0.031499933,-0.037388682,0.046426658,0.06583348,0.044058926,0.011618379,-0.04731635,-0.025118578,-0.055065133,0.029503345,0.011844708,-0.11489526,-0.0640501,0.042595673,-0.08124188,0.05763288,0.069725946,0.0051... |
da81dd04-c996-45b6-a287-6ceb5a479967 | [53]
Due to the influence of temperature and
sunlight on this reaction, high ozone levels are most common on hot summer afternoons.
[54]
It is the main
gas in photochemical smog.
[55]
O
3
can be harmful to human health, but also to some materials, forests, plants, and crops.
[56]
Smog is a
particular problem in big... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 278, "from": 253}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.019931056,0.03858211,-0.19640993,0.019173115,0.016427226,0.0854018,0.031937126,0.023833834,0.052520856,-0.015343919,0.0073481123,0.02419357,0.10785001,0.020378958,-0.008004999,-0.011806481,-0.014210455,-0.041402265,0.037451763,0.032426246,-0.09546771,-0.07126737,0.0027743303,-0.059106003,0.0053610294,0.08889028,-0.0... |
38d395f8-d12e-4129-82b4-ac5484e0982e | Nitrogen oxides (NO
x
), particularly nitrous oxide (NO), are mostly created by the burning of fossil fuels, and
in lesser amounts by lightning. Nitrogen dioxide (NO
2
) is formed from NO in a reaction with other
atmospheric gases.
[58][59]
NO and NO
2
can form acid rain, can form into a haze, and can cause nutrient
... | {"loc": {"lines": {"to": 314, "from": 280}}, "pdf": {"info": {"Title": "Air pollution - Wikipedia", "Creator": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/143.0.0.0 Safari/537.36", "ModDate": "D:20251215090735+00'00'", "Producer": "Skia/PDF m143", "CreationDate": "D:20251215090735+00'... | [0.029220583,0.06351293,-0.16457914,0.0037604494,0.055496447,0.03948768,-0.03225199,-0.020480633,0.006253304,-0.060093183,0.008235578,0.062627,0.08813289,0.041775215,-0.002317043,-0.03153599,0.02542268,-0.037486147,0.02458902,0.06476169,-0.074411064,-0.06543679,0.013480144,-0.08956689,0.049329847,0.046957508,-0.0340861... |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
Fire Domain Knowledge Safety Wikipedia Embeddings
Pre-computed vector embeddings from Wikipedia articles covering fire hazard safety, environmental effects, and related topics — ready to drop into your RAG pipeline without any embedding overhead.
Dataset Details
| Property | Details |
|---|---|
| Embedding Model | nomic-ai/nomic-embed-text-v1.5 (135M) |
| Vector Dimensions | 768 |
| Source | Wikipedia |
| Topics | Fire safety, hazard prevention, environmental impact, and more |
| Format | CSV (vectors + metadata) |
Quickstart
import pandas as pd
import ast
df = pd.read_csv("hf://datasets/rakhasetiawan/fire-knowledge-embedding-wikipedia/blob/main/fire_domain_vector_embeddings.csv")
# Convert the embedding column from string to list
df["embedding"] = df["embedding"].apply(ast.literal_eval)
print(df.head())
# text | embedding | title | url
License
Dataset content is sourced from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 license.
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