qtype stringclasses 15
values | Question stringlengths 20 166 | Answer stringlengths 34 23.1k | text stringlengths 113 23.2k |
|---|---|---|---|
inheritance | Is D-bifunctional protein deficiency inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | <s>[INST] Patient: Is D-bifunctional protein deficiency inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, ... |
information | What is (are) Tourette syndrome ? | Tourette syndrome is a complex disorder characterized by repetitive, sudden, and involuntary movements or noises called tics. Tics usually appear in childhood, and their severity varies over time. In most cases, tics become milder and less frequent in late adolescence and adulthood. Tourette syndrome involves both mot... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Tourette syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: Tourette syndrome is a complex disorder characterized by repetitive, sudden, and involuntary movements or noises called tics. Tics usually appear in childhood, and their severity varies over time. In most cases, tics become milder and less frequent in... |
information | What is (are) Compulsive Gambling ? | Many people enjoy gambling, whether it's betting on a horse or playing poker on the Internet. Most people who gamble don't have a problem, but some lose control of their gambling. Signs of problem gambling include - Always thinking about gambling - Lying about gambling - Spending work or family time gam... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Compulsive Gambling ? [/INST] Doctor: Many people enjoy gambling, whether it's betting on a horse or playing poker on the Internet. Most people who gamble don't have a problem, but some lose control of their gambling. Signs of problem gambling include - Always thinking about gam... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)? ? | Having certain syndromes can increase the risk of pancreatic NETs. Anything that increases your risk of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer; not having risk factors doesn't mean that you will not get cancer. Talk with your doctor if you think you may be... | <s>[INST] Patient: Who is at risk for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (Islet Cell Tumors)? ? [/INST] Doctor: Having certain syndromes can increase the risk of pancreatic NETs. Anything that increases your risk of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer; no... |
prevention | How to prevent Medullary Sponge Kidney ? | Health care providers may prescribe certain medications to prevent UTIs and kidney stones:
- A person with medullary sponge kidney may need to continue taking a low-dose antibiotic to prevent recurrent infections. - Medications that reduce calcium in the urine may help prevent calcium kidney stones. T... | <s>[INST] Patient: How to prevent Medullary Sponge Kidney ? [/INST] Doctor: Health care providers may prescribe certain medications to prevent UTIs and kidney stones:
- A person with medullary sponge kidney may need to continue taking a low-dose antibiotic to prevent recurrent infections. - Medication... |
information | What is (are) Adrenal Gland Disorders ? | The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney. They produce hormones that you can't live without, including sex hormones and cortisol. Cortisol helps you respond to stress and has many other important functions. With adrenal gland disorders, your glands make too much or not enough hormones. In Cu... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Adrenal Gland Disorders ? [/INST] Doctor: The adrenal glands are small glands located on top of each kidney. They produce hormones that you can't live without, including sex hormones and cortisol. Cortisol helps you respond to stress and has many other important functions. With adren... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Parkinson disease type 9 ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease type 9? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Parkinson disease type 9. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Med... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Parkinson disease type 9 ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease type 9? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Parkinson disease type 9. If the information is available, the table below includes how o... |
information | What is (are) Thyroid Diseases ? | Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, just above your collarbone. It is one of your endocrine glands, which make hormones. Thyroid hormones control the rate of many activities in your body. These include how fast you burn calories and how fast your heart beats. All of these activities are your body's m... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Thyroid Diseases ? [/INST] Doctor: Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland in your neck, just above your collarbone. It is one of your endocrine glands, which make hormones. Thyroid hormones control the rate of many activities in your body. These include how fast you burn calories and ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for recurrent hydatidiform mole ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of recurrent hydatidiform mole: - American Cancer Society: Signs and Symptoms of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Hydatidiform mole - Genetic Testing Registry: Hydatidiform mole, recurrent, 2 - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Choriocarcinoma... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for recurrent hydatidiform mole ? [/INST] Doctor: These resources address the diagnosis or management of recurrent hydatidiform mole: - American Cancer Society: Signs and Symptoms of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Hydatidiform mole - Genetic T... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 2 ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 2? The signs and symptoms of CDA II include jaundice, gallstones and an enlarged liver and spleen. This condition also causes the body to absorb too much iron, which builds up and can damage tissues and organs. In particular, iron overload can ... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 2 ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type 2? The signs and symptoms of CDA II include jaundice, gallstones and an enlarged liver and spleen. This condition also causes the body to a... |
information | What is (are) Balance Problems ? | You can help your doctor make a diagnosis by writing down key information about your dizziness or balance problem beforehand and giving the information to your doctor during the visit. Write down answers to these questions for your doctor: - How would you describe your dizziness or balance problem? - If the room is sp... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Balance Problems ? [/INST] Doctor: You can help your doctor make a diagnosis by writing down key information about your dizziness or balance problem beforehand and giving the information to your doctor during the visit. Write down answers to these questions for your doctor: - How would ... |
considerations | What to do for Causes of Diabetes ? | - Diabetes is a complex group of diseases with a variety of causes. Scientists believe genes and environmental factors interact to cause diabetes in most cases. - People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hyperglycemia. Diabetes develops when the body doesnt make enough insulin or i... | <s>[INST] Patient: What to do for Causes of Diabetes ? [/INST] Doctor: - Diabetes is a complex group of diseases with a variety of causes. Scientists believe genes and environmental factors interact to cause diabetes in most cases. - People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hypergl... |
information | What is (are) Prostate Cancer ? | How Tumors Form The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow, divide, and produce more cells as needed to keep the body healthy and functioning properly. Sometimes, however, the process goes wrong -- cells become abnormal and form more cells in an uncontrolled way. These extra cells form a mass of t... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Prostate Cancer ? [/INST] Doctor: How Tumors Form The body is made up of many types of cells. Normally, cells grow, divide, and produce more cells as needed to keep the body healthy and functioning properly. Sometimes, however, the process goes wrong -- cells become abnormal and form mo... |
frequency | How many people are affected by STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy ? | The prevalence of this condition is unknown. Only a few affected individuals have been described in the medical literature. | <s>[INST] Patient: How many people are affected by STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy ? [/INST] Doctor: The prevalence of this condition is unknown. Only a few affected individuals have been described in the medical literature. </s> |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to myoclonus-dystonia ? | Mutations in the SGCE gene cause myoclonus-dystonia. The SGCE gene provides instructions for making a protein called epsilon ()-sarcoglycan, whose function is unknown. The -sarcoglycan protein is located within the cell membranes of many tissues, but it is most abundant in nerve cells (neurons) in the brain and in musc... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the genetic changes related to myoclonus-dystonia ? [/INST] Doctor: Mutations in the SGCE gene cause myoclonus-dystonia. The SGCE gene provides instructions for making a protein called epsilon ()-sarcoglycan, whose function is unknown. The -sarcoglycan protein is located within the cell memb... |
outlook | What is the outlook for Fibromuscular Dysplasia ? | Currently there is no cure for FMD. Medicines and angioplasty can reduce the risk of initial or recurrent stroke. In rare cases, FMD-related aneurysms can burst and bleed into the brain, causing stroke, permanent nerve damage, or death. | <s>[INST] Patient: What is the outlook for Fibromuscular Dysplasia ? [/INST] Doctor: Currently there is no cure for FMD. Medicines and angioplasty can reduce the risk of initial or recurrent stroke. In rare cases, FMD-related aneurysms can burst and bleed into the brain, causing stroke, permanent nerve damage, or death... |
susceptibility | Who is at risk for Colorectal Cancer? ? | Studies show that the following risk factors may increase a person's chances of developing colorectal cancer: age, polyps, personal history, family history, and ulcerative colitis. | <s>[INST] Patient: Who is at risk for Colorectal Cancer? ? [/INST] Doctor: Studies show that the following risk factors may increase a person's chances of developing colorectal cancer: age, polyps, personal history, family history, and ulcerative colitis. </s> |
frequency | How many people are affected by megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts ? | Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts is a rare condition; its exact prevalence is unknown. More than 150 cases have been reported in the scientific literature. | <s>[INST] Patient: How many people are affected by megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts ? [/INST] Doctor: Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts is a rare condition; its exact prevalence is unknown. More than 150 cases have been reported in the scientific literature. </s> |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Paralysis agitans, juvenile, of Hunt. If the information is avail... |
frequency | How many people are affected by familial adenomatous polyposis ? | The reported incidence of familial adenomatous polyposis varies from 1 in 7,000 to 1 in 22,000 individuals. | <s>[INST] Patient: How many people are affected by familial adenomatous polyposis ? [/INST] Doctor: The reported incidence of familial adenomatous polyposis varies from 1 in 7,000 to 1 in 22,000 individuals. </s> |
causes | What causes Tarsal tunnel syndrome ? | What causes tarsal tunnel syndrome? There are a variety of factors that may cause tarsal tunnel syndrome. These may include repetitive stress with activities, trauma (e.g., crush injury, stretch injury, fractures, ankle dislocations or sprains), flat feet, and excess weight. Additionally, any lesion that occupies space... | <s>[INST] Patient: What causes Tarsal tunnel syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: What causes tarsal tunnel syndrome? There are a variety of factors that may cause tarsal tunnel syndrome. These may include repetitive stress with activities, trauma (e.g., crush injury, stretch injury, fractures, ankle dislocations or sprains), fl... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this conditio... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency. If the infor... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Mitral Valve Prolapse ? | Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) most often is detected during a routine physical exam. During the exam, your doctor will listen to your heart with a stethoscope.
Stretched valve flaps can make a clicking sound as they shut. If the mitral valve is leaking blood back into the left atrium, your doctor may hea... | <s>[INST] Patient: How to diagnose Mitral Valve Prolapse ? [/INST] Doctor: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) most often is detected during a routine physical exam. During the exam, your doctor will listen to your heart with a stethoscope.
Stretched valve flaps can make a clicking sound as they shut. If the m... |
information | What is (are) Throat Cancer ? | Throat cancer is a type of head and neck cancer. Throat cancer has different names, depending on what part of the throat is affected. The different parts of the throat are called the oropharynx, the hypopharynx, and the nasopharynx. Sometimes the larynx, or voice box, is also included. The main risk factors for thro... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Throat Cancer ? [/INST] Doctor: Throat cancer is a type of head and neck cancer. Throat cancer has different names, depending on what part of the throat is affected. The different parts of the throat are called the oropharynx, the hypopharynx, and the nasopharynx. Sometimes the larynx, ... |
exams and tests | How to diagnose Heart Palpitations ? | First, your doctor will want to find out whether your palpitations are harmless or related to a heart problem. He or she will ask about your symptoms and medical history, do a physical exam, and recommend several basic tests.
This information may point to a heart problem as the cause of your palpitatio... | <s>[INST] Patient: How to diagnose Heart Palpitations ? [/INST] Doctor: First, your doctor will want to find out whether your palpitations are harmless or related to a heart problem. He or she will ask about your symptoms and medical history, do a physical exam, and recommend several basic tests.
This ... |
information | What is (are) Whipple Disease ? | Whipple disease is a rare bacterial infection that primarily affects the small intestine. The infection may spread to any organ in the body; however, it more commonly affects the
- joints - central nervous system, which includes the brain, the spinal cord, and nerves located throughout the body - hea... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Whipple Disease ? [/INST] Doctor: Whipple disease is a rare bacterial infection that primarily affects the small intestine. The infection may spread to any organ in the body; however, it more commonly affects the
- joints - central nervous system, which includes the br... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to congenital stromal corneal dystrophy ? | Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy is caused by mutations in the DCN gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called decorin, which is involved in the organization of collagens. Collagens are proteins that strengthen and support connective tissues such as skin, bone, tendons, and ligaments. In the c... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the genetic changes related to congenital stromal corneal dystrophy ? [/INST] Doctor: Congenital stromal corneal dystrophy is caused by mutations in the DCN gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein called decorin, which is involved in the organization of collagens. Collagen... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to familial isolated pituitary adenoma ? | FIPA can be caused by mutations in the AIP gene. The function of the protein produced from this gene is not well understood, but it is thought to act as a tumor suppressor, which means it helps prevent cells from growing and dividing in an uncontrolled way. Mutations in the AIP gene alter the protein or reduce the prod... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the genetic changes related to familial isolated pituitary adenoma ? [/INST] Doctor: FIPA can be caused by mutations in the AIP gene. The function of the protein produced from this gene is not well understood, but it is thought to act as a tumor suppressor, which means it helps prevent cells... |
inheritance | Is pulmonary veno-occlusive disease inherited ? | When caused by mutations in the EIF2AK4 gene, PVOD is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptom... | <s>[INST] Patient: Is pulmonary veno-occlusive disease inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: When caused by mutations in the EIF2AK4 gene, PVOD is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each c... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Milroy disease ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of Milroy disease: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Milroy Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Hereditary lymphedema type I - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Lymphatic Obstruction These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of vario... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for Milroy disease ? [/INST] Doctor: These resources address the diagnosis or management of Milroy disease: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Milroy Disease - Genetic Testing Registry: Hereditary lymphedema type I - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Lymphatic Obstruction These resource... |
considerations | What to do for What I need to know about Lactose Intolerance ? | - Lactose is a sugar found in milk and milk products. - Lactose intolerance means you have symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and gas after you have milk or milk products. - Your doctor will try to find out if you have lactose intolerance with a medical, family, and diet history; a physical exam; and medical tests.... | <s>[INST] Patient: What to do for What I need to know about Lactose Intolerance ? [/INST] Doctor: - Lactose is a sugar found in milk and milk products. - Lactose intolerance means you have symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and gas after you have milk or milk products. - Your doctor will try to find out if you have... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Limb deficiencies distal with micrognathia ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Limb deficiencies distal with micrognathia? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Limb deficiencies distal with micrognathia. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condit... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Limb deficiencies distal with micrognathia ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Limb deficiencies distal with micrognathia? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Limb deficiencies distal with micrognathia. If the in... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Hydrolethalus syndrome ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Hydrolethalus syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Hydrolethalus syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Hydrolethalus syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Hydrolethalus syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Hydrolethalus syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often t... |
causes | What causes Alport syndrome ? | What causes Alport syndrome? Alport syndrome may be caused by mutations in either the COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes. These genes each provide instructions for making one component of a protein called type IV collagen, which plays an important role in the glomeruli of the kidneys. Glomeruli are clusters of specialized... | <s>[INST] Patient: What causes Alport syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: What causes Alport syndrome? Alport syndrome may be caused by mutations in either the COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes. These genes each provide instructions for making one component of a protein called type IV collagen, which plays an important role in th... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Tetraploidy ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Tetraploidy? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Tetraploidy. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Tetraploidy ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Tetraploidy? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Tetraploidy. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Megalencephaly ? | There is no standard treatment for megalencephaly. Treatment will depend upon the disorder with which the megalencephaly is associated and will address individual symptoms and disabilities. | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for Megalencephaly ? [/INST] Doctor: There is no standard treatment for megalencephaly. Treatment will depend upon the disorder with which the megalencephaly is associated and will address individual symptoms and disabilities. </s> |
considerations | What to do for Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? | - Henoch-Schnlein purpura (HSP) is a disease that causes small blood vessels in the body to become inflamed and leak. - HSP is caused by an abnormal immune system response in which the bodys immune system attacks the bodys own cells and organs. The factors that cause this immune system response are not known. - The s... | <s>[INST] Patient: What to do for Henoch-Schnlein Purpura ? [/INST] Doctor: - Henoch-Schnlein purpura (HSP) is a disease that causes small blood vessels in the body to become inflamed and leak. - HSP is caused by an abnormal immune system response in which the bodys immune system attacks the bodys own cells and organs... |
information | What is (are) Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance ? | Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a condition in which an abnormal protein called monoclonal protein is detected in the blood. MGUS typically does not cause any problems, although some affected people may experience numbness, tingling or weakness. In some cases, MGUS may progress over time to... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance ? [/INST] Doctor: Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a condition in which an abnormal protein called monoclonal protein is detected in the blood. MGUS typically does not cause any problems, although some affect... |
prevention | How to prevent High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease ? | The best way to slow or prevent kidney disease from high blood pressure is to take steps to lower blood pressure. These steps include a combination of medication and lifestyle changes, such as
- healthy eating - physical activity - maintaining a healthy weight - quitting smoking - managing stress
... | <s>[INST] Patient: How to prevent High Blood Pressure and Kidney Disease ? [/INST] Doctor: The best way to slow or prevent kidney disease from high blood pressure is to take steps to lower blood pressure. These steps include a combination of medication and lifestyle changes, such as
- healthy eating -... |
prevention | How to prevent Pneumonia ? | Pneumonia can be very serious and even life threatening. When possible, take steps to prevent the infection, especially if you're in a high-risk group.
Vaccines
Vaccines are available to prevent pneumococcal pneumonia and the flu. Vaccines can't prevent all cases of infection. However,... | <s>[INST] Patient: How to prevent Pneumonia ? [/INST] Doctor: Pneumonia can be very serious and even life threatening. When possible, take steps to prevent the infection, especially if you're in a high-risk group.
Vaccines
Vaccines are available to prevent pneumococcal pneumonia and th... |
treatment | What are the treatments for actin-accumulation myopathy ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of actin-accumulation myopathy: - Genetic Testing Registry: Nemaline myopathy 3 These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - ... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for actin-accumulation myopathy ? [/INST] Doctor: These resources address the diagnosis or management of actin-accumulation myopathy: - Genetic Testing Registry: Nemaline myopathy 3 These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of var... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Cornelia de Lange syndrome ? | Cornelia de Lange syndrome can result from mutations in at least five genes: NIPBL, SMC1A, HDAC8, RAD21, and SMC3. Mutations in the NIPBL gene have been identified in more than half of all people with this condition; mutations in the other genes are much less common. The proteins produced from all five genes contribut... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the genetic changes related to Cornelia de Lange syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: Cornelia de Lange syndrome can result from mutations in at least five genes: NIPBL, SMC1A, HDAC8, RAD21, and SMC3. Mutations in the NIPBL gene have been identified in more than half of all people with this condition;... |
causes | What causes Prader-Willi syndrome ? | What causes Prader-Willi syndrome? Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is caused by the loss of active genes in a specific region of chromosome 15. People normally inherit one copy of chromosome 15 from each parent. Some genes on chromosome 15 are only active (or "expressed") on the copy that is inherited from a person's fathe... | <s>[INST] Patient: What causes Prader-Willi syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: What causes Prader-Willi syndrome? Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is caused by the loss of active genes in a specific region of chromosome 15. People normally inherit one copy of chromosome 15 from each parent. Some genes on chromosome 15 are only acti... |
information | What is (are) malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy ? | Malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy (MMPSI) is a severe form of epilepsy that begins very early in life. Recurrent seizures begin before the age of 6 months but commonly start within a few weeks of birth. The seizures do not respond well to treatment. Although affected individuals may develop normally at fi... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy ? [/INST] Doctor: Malignant migrating partial seizures of infancy (MMPSI) is a severe form of epilepsy that begins very early in life. Recurrent seizures begin before the age of 6 months but commonly start within a few weeks of birth. The ... |
frequency | How many people are affected by nonsyndromic paraganglioma ? | It is estimated that the prevalence of pheochromocytoma is 1 in 500,000 people, and the prevalence of other paragangliomas is 1 in 1 million people. These statistics include syndromic and nonsyndromic paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma. | <s>[INST] Patient: How many people are affected by nonsyndromic paraganglioma ? [/INST] Doctor: It is estimated that the prevalence of pheochromocytoma is 1 in 500,000 people, and the prevalence of other paragangliomas is 1 in 1 million people. These statistics include syndromic and nonsyndromic paraganglioma and pheoc... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Inguinal Hernia ? | The first sign of an inguinal hernia is a small bulge on one or, rarely, on both sides of the grointhe area just above the groin crease between the lower abdomen and the thigh. The bulge may increase in size over time and usually disappears when lying down.
Other signs and symptoms can include
... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Inguinal Hernia ? [/INST] Doctor: The first sign of an inguinal hernia is a small bulge on one or, rarely, on both sides of the grointhe area just above the groin crease between the lower abdomen and the thigh. The bulge may increase in size over time and usually disappears w... |
inheritance | Is autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia type 1 inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | <s>[INST] Patient: Is autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia type 1 inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mut... |
inheritance | Is autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, type 1 inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | <s>[INST] Patient: Is autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, type 1 inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutate... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Parasites - Babesiosis ? | Effective treatments are available. People who do not have any symptoms or signs of babesiosis usually do not need to be treated.
Before considering treatment, the first step is to make sure the diagnosis is correct.
For more information, people should talk to their health care provider.
More on: Resourc... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for Parasites - Babesiosis ? [/INST] Doctor: Effective treatments are available. People who do not have any symptoms or signs of babesiosis usually do not need to be treated.
Before considering treatment, the first step is to make sure the diagnosis is correct.
For m... |
information | What is (are) Thalassemias ? | Thalassemias (thal-a-SE-me-ahs) are inherited blood disorders. "Inherited" means that the disorder is passed from parents to children through genes.
Thalassemias cause the body to make fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin (HEE-muh-glow-bin) than normal. Hemoglobin is an iron-rich protein i... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Thalassemias ? [/INST] Doctor: Thalassemias (thal-a-SE-me-ahs) are inherited blood disorders. "Inherited" means that the disorder is passed from parents to children through genes.
Thalassemias cause the body to make fewer healthy red blood cells and less hemoglobin (HEE... |
frequency | How many people are affected by glycogen storage disease type I ? | The overall incidence of GSDI is 1 in 100,000 individuals. GSDIa is more common than GSDIb, accounting for 80 percent of all GSDI cases. | <s>[INST] Patient: How many people are affected by glycogen storage disease type I ? [/INST] Doctor: The overall incidence of GSDI is 1 in 100,000 individuals. GSDIa is more common than GSDIb, accounting for 80 percent of all GSDI cases. </s> |
information | What is (are) Coma ? | A coma is a deep state of unconsciousness. An individual in a coma is alive but unable to move or respond to his or her environment. Coma may occur as a complication of an underlying illness, or as a result of injuries, such as brain injury. A coma rarely lasts more than 2 to 4 weeks. The outcome for coma depends on... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Coma ? [/INST] Doctor: A coma is a deep state of unconsciousness. An individual in a coma is alive but unable to move or respond to his or her environment. Coma may occur as a complication of an underlying illness, or as a result of injuries, such as brain injury. A coma rarely lasts... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Klinefelter syndrome ? | Klinefelter syndrome is a condition related to the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). People typically have two sex chromosomes in each cell: females have two X chromosomes (46,XX), and males have one X and one Y chromosome (46,XY). Most often, Klinefelter syndrome results from the presence of one extra copy of... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the genetic changes related to Klinefelter syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: Klinefelter syndrome is a condition related to the X and Y chromosomes (the sex chromosomes). People typically have two sex chromosomes in each cell: females have two X chromosomes (46,XX), and males have one X and one Y c... |
information | What is (are) Erectile Dysfunction ? | Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common type of male sexual dysfunction. It is when a man has trouble getting or keeping an erection. ED becomes more common as you get older. But it's not a natural part of aging. Some people have trouble speaking with their doctors about sex. But if you have ED, you should tell your d... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Erectile Dysfunction ? [/INST] Doctor: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common type of male sexual dysfunction. It is when a man has trouble getting or keeping an erection. ED becomes more common as you get older. But it's not a natural part of aging. Some people have trouble speaking ... |
causes | What causes Progressive transformation of germinal centers ? | What causes progressive transformation of germinal centers? Is it genetic? The cause of progressive transformation of germinal centers (PTGC) is currently unknown. Also, there is no evidence in the medical literature that PTGC is a genetic condition. | <s>[INST] Patient: What causes Progressive transformation of germinal centers ? [/INST] Doctor: What causes progressive transformation of germinal centers? Is it genetic? The cause of progressive transformation of germinal centers (PTGC) is currently unknown. Also, there is no evidence in the medical literature that ... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Asthma ? | Common signs and symptoms of asthma include:
Coughing. Coughing from asthma often is worse at night or early in the morning, making it hard to sleep.
Wheezing. Wheezing is a whistling or squeaky sound that occurs when you breathe.
Chest tightness. This may feel like so... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Asthma ? [/INST] Doctor: Common signs and symptoms of asthma include:
Coughing. Coughing from asthma often is worse at night or early in the morning, making it hard to sleep.
Wheezing. Wheezing is a whistling or squeaky sound that occurs when... |
information | What is (are) Varicose Veins ? | Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that you can see just under the skin. They usually occur in the legs, but also can form in other parts of the body. Hemorrhoids are a type of varicose vein. Your veins have one-way valves that help keep blood flowing toward your heart. If the valves are weak or damaged, bloo... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Varicose Veins ? [/INST] Doctor: Varicose veins are swollen, twisted veins that you can see just under the skin. They usually occur in the legs, but also can form in other parts of the body. Hemorrhoids are a type of varicose vein. Your veins have one-way valves that help keep blood ... |
considerations | What to do for Hypoglycemia ? | Two types of hypoglycemia can occur in people who do not have diabetes:
- Reactive hypoglycemia, also called postprandial hypoglycemia, occurs within 4 hours after meals. - Fasting hypoglycemia, also called postabsorptive hypoglycemia, is often related to an underlying disease.
Sympto... | <s>[INST] Patient: What to do for Hypoglycemia ? [/INST] Doctor: Two types of hypoglycemia can occur in people who do not have diabetes:
- Reactive hypoglycemia, also called postprandial hypoglycemia, occurs within 4 hours after meals. - Fasting hypoglycemia, also called postabsorptive hypoglycemia, i... |
inheritance | Is autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome inherited ? | In most people with ALPS, including the majority of those with FAS gene mutations, this condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of an altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In these cases, an affected person usually inherits the mutation from one affected pa... | <s>[INST] Patient: Is autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: In most people with ALPS, including the majority of those with FAS gene mutations, this condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of an altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disor... |
inheritance | Is isolated ectopia lentis inherited ? | When isolated ectopia lentis is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene, it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In some cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from one affected parent. Other cases result from new... | <s>[INST] Patient: Is isolated ectopia lentis inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: When isolated ectopia lentis is caused by mutations in the FBN1 gene, it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In some cases, an affected person i... |
treatment | What are the treatments for Colorectal Cancer ? | For surgery, the main side effects are short-term pain and tenderness around the area of the operation. For chemotherapy, the side effects depend on which drugs you take and what the dosages are. Most often the side effects include nausea, vomiting, and hair loss. For radiation therapy, fatigue, loss of appetite, nause... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for Colorectal Cancer ? [/INST] Doctor: For surgery, the main side effects are short-term pain and tenderness around the area of the operation. For chemotherapy, the side effects depend on which drugs you take and what the dosages are. Most often the side effects include nause... |
information | What is (are) mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration ? | Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a disorder of the nervous system. The condition typically begins in childhood or early adulthood and worsens (progresses) over time. MPAN commonly begins with difficulty walking. As the condition progresses, affected individuals usually develop othe... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration ? [/INST] Doctor: Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a disorder of the nervous system. The condition typically begins in childhood or early adulthood and worsens (progresses) over time. MPAN ... |
treatment | What are the treatments for cleidocranial dysplasia ? | These resources address the diagnosis or management of cleidocranial dysplasia: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Cleidocranial Dysplasia - Genetic Testing Registry: Cleidocranial dysostosis - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Cleidocranial dysostosis These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and ma... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the treatments for cleidocranial dysplasia ? [/INST] Doctor: These resources address the diagnosis or management of cleidocranial dysplasia: - Gene Review: Gene Review: Cleidocranial Dysplasia - Genetic Testing Registry: Cleidocranial dysostosis - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Cleidocranial d... |
genetic changes | What are the genetic changes related to Mowat-Wilson syndrome ? | Mutations in the ZEB2 gene cause Mowat-Wilson syndrome. The ZEB2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the formation of many organs and tissues before birth. This protein is a transcription factor, which means that it attaches (binds) to specific regions of DNA and helps control ... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the genetic changes related to Mowat-Wilson syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: Mutations in the ZEB2 gene cause Mowat-Wilson syndrome. The ZEB2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the formation of many organs and tissues before birth. This protein is a trans... |
outlook | What is the outlook for Plasma Cell Neoplasms (Including Multiple Myeloma) ? | Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. The prognosis (chance of recovery) depends on the following: - The type of plasma cell neoplasm. - The stage of the disease. - Whether a certain immunoglobulin (antibody) is present. - Whether there are certain genetic changes... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is the outlook for Plasma Cell Neoplasms (Including Multiple Myeloma) ? [/INST] Doctor: Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. The prognosis (chance of recovery) depends on the following: - The type of plasma cell neoplasm. - The stage of the dise... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can u... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2B. If the information is availabl... |
information | What is (are) Valley Fever ? | Valley Fever is a disease caused by a fungus (or mold) called Coccidioides. The fungi live in the soil of dry areas like the southwestern U.S. You get it from inhaling the spores of the fungus. The infection cannot spread from person to person. Anyone can get Valley Fever. But it's most common among older adults, es... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Valley Fever ? [/INST] Doctor: Valley Fever is a disease caused by a fungus (or mold) called Coccidioides. The fungi live in the soil of dry areas like the southwestern U.S. You get it from inhaling the spores of the fungus. The infection cannot spread from person to person. Anyone c... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Swyer-James syndrome ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Swyer-James syndrome? Individuals with Swyer-James syndrome may not have any symptoms, but affected individuals can have chronic or recurring lung infections, shortness of breath (dyspnea) when performing an activity, coughing up of blood (hemoptysis), and even severe respiratory impa... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Swyer-James syndrome ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Swyer-James syndrome? Individuals with Swyer-James syndrome may not have any symptoms, but affected individuals can have chronic or recurring lung infections, shortness of breath (dyspnea) when performi... |
considerations | What to do for Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction ? | - Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a rare condition with symptoms that resemble those caused by a blockage, or obstruction, of the intestines, also called the bowel. However, when a health care provider examines the intestines, no blockage exists. Instead, the symptoms are due to nerve or muscle problems that affect th... | <s>[INST] Patient: What to do for Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction ? [/INST] Doctor: - Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a rare condition with symptoms that resemble those caused by a blockage, or obstruction, of the intestines, also called the bowel. However, when a health care provider examines the intestines, no blockag... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Spastic paraplegia neuropathy poikiloderma ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Spastic paraplegia neuropathy poikiloderma? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Spastic paraplegia neuropathy poikiloderma. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condit... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Spastic paraplegia neuropathy poikiloderma ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Spastic paraplegia neuropathy poikiloderma? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Spastic paraplegia neuropathy poikiloderma. If the in... |
symptoms | What are the symptoms of Renal tubular dysgenesis ? | What are the signs and symptoms of Renal tubular dysgenesis? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Renal tubular dysgenesis. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Med... | <s>[INST] Patient: What are the symptoms of Renal tubular dysgenesis ? [/INST] Doctor: What are the signs and symptoms of Renal tubular dysgenesis? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Renal tubular dysgenesis. If the information is available, the table below includes how o... |
considerations | What to do for Vesicoureteral Reflux ? | Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing VUR. | <s>[INST] Patient: What to do for Vesicoureteral Reflux ? [/INST] Doctor: Eating, diet, and nutrition have not been shown to play a role in causing or preventing VUR. </s> |
information | What is (are) Dowling-Degos disease ? | Dowling-Degos disease is a skin condition characterized by a lacy or net-like (reticulate) pattern of abnormally dark skin coloring (hyperpigmentation), particularly in the body's folds and creases. These skin changes typically first appear in the armpits and groin area and can later spread to other skin folds such as ... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Dowling-Degos disease ? [/INST] Doctor: Dowling-Degos disease is a skin condition characterized by a lacy or net-like (reticulate) pattern of abnormally dark skin coloring (hyperpigmentation), particularly in the body's folds and creases. These skin changes typically first appear in the... |
inheritance | Is Ellis-van Creveld syndrome inherited ? | This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition. | <s>[INST] Patient: Is Ellis-van Creveld syndrome inherited ? [/INST] Doctor: This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but the... |
information | What is (are) Von Hippel-Lindau disease ? | Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an inherited disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of both benign and cancerous tumors and cysts in many parts of the body. Tumors usually first appear in young adulthood. The types of tumors associated with VHL disease include hemangioblastomas (slow-growing tumors of the cen... | <s>[INST] Patient: What is (are) Von Hippel-Lindau disease ? [/INST] Doctor: Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an inherited disorder characterized by the abnormal growth of both benign and cancerous tumors and cysts in many parts of the body. Tumors usually first appear in young adulthood. The types of tumors associat... |
frequency | How many people are affected by mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes ? | The exact incidence of MELAS is unknown. It is one of the more common conditions in a group known as mitochondrial diseases. Together, mitochondrial diseases occur in about 1 in 4,000 people. | <s>[INST] Patient: How many people are affected by mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes ? [/INST] Doctor: The exact incidence of MELAS is unknown. It is one of the more common conditions in a group known as mitochondrial diseases. Together, mitochondrial diseases occur in about 1 i... |
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio
README.md exists but content is empty.
- Downloads last month
- 2