Source string | Question string | Answer string | Question_type string | Referenced_file(s) string | chunk_text string | expert_annotation string | specific to paper string | Label int64 |
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expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | Next we pad and center the data so that the centre of the Airy disk-like envelope of the fringes is in the centre of a larger two-dimensional array of size $2 0 4 8 \\times 2 0 4 8$ . To find the correct pixel to center to we first smooth the image with a wide (50 pixel) Gaussian kernel, then select the pixel with high... | 5 | Yes | 1 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | I. INTRODUCTION We consider the measurement of the ALBA synchrotron electron beam size and shape using optical interferometry with aperture masks. Monitoring the emittance of the electron beam is important for optimal operation of the synchrotron light source, and potentially for future improved performance and real-ti... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | Gaussian random noise is then added to the complex visibilities at the rms level of $\\sim 1 0 \\%$ of the visibility amplitudes, and a second test was done with $1 \\%$ rms noise. Since the noise is incorporated in the complex visibilities, it affects both phase and amplitude. In each case, a series of 30 measurement ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | VIII. ERROR ANALYSIS A. Photon Noise Floor We have tens of millions of CCD counts per image, and hence the errors from photon counting statistics are low. To obtain a rough estimate, we perform two calculations. First, the number of photons contributing to a visibility is roughly the sum in the uv-aperture divided by t... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | $$ where, $\\star$ denotes a complex conjugation. The process of calibration determines these complex voltage gain factors. In general, calibration of interferometers can be done with one or more bright sources (‚Äòcalibrators‚Äô), whose visibilities are accurately known (Thomson, Moran, Swenson 2023). Equation (2) is ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | Figure 16 shows the center pixel locations derived using Airy disk centering for the 3-hole and 5-hole data. The X values are the same. But the Y values differ by 5 pixels. The largest departures from zero closure phase for the 5-hole data all involve baseline 0-2, which is the $1 6 \\mathrm { m m }$ vertical baseline ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | Figure 13 shows the closure phases for all ten triads in the uv-sampling, and the values are listed in Table III. All the closure phases are stable (RMS variations $\\leq 0 . 7 ^ { o }$ ), and all the values are close to zero, typically $\\leq 1 ^ { o }$ . The only triads with closure phases of about $2 ^ { o }$ involv... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | To check if some of the decoherence of 3 ms vs 1 ms data could be caused by changing gain solutions in the joint fitting process, in Figure 25 we show the illumination values for the 5-holes derived from 1 ms vs. 3 ms data from the source fitting procedure. The illumination is defined as $\\mathrm { G a i n ^ { 2 } }$ ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | Table I also lists the gains derived after image averaging, with and without Airy disk centering. In this case, the gains are essentially unchanged (within $1 \\%$ ), relative to the mean from the time series (row 1). This similarity for gain results from data that clearly involved decoherence of the visibilities thems... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | First, the $1 \\%$ rms noise on the visibilities results in fitted quantities (amplitude, bmaj, bmin, pa), that are consistent with the model parameters, to within the scatter. Also, the rms scatter for the fit paramaters are of similar magnitude as those found for the real data. Second, the $1 0 \\%$ rms visibility no... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | B. Processing Errors: Gaussian Random Approximation Beyond photon statistics, there are a number of processing steps that affect the resulting coherences, and hence the fit to the source size, including: uv-aperture size, bias subtraction, image centering, and others. In this section, we perform modeling of the uv-data... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | One curious result is the close correlation between the decoherence of the two redundant baselines with time, as can be seen in Figure 29 and Figure 28. Some correlation is expected, since the phase fluctations at hole 5 are common to both baselines. But we are surprised by the degree of correlation. Perhaps vibrations... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | In most cases, we employ non-redundant masks. A non-redundant aperture mask has a hole geometry such that each interferometric baseline, or separation between holes, is sampled uniquely in the Fourier domain (herein, called, the u,v plane), by a single pair of holes (Bucher & Haniff 1993; Labeyrie 1996). Non-redundant ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | We explore radii of 3, 5, 7, and 9 pixels, considering coherences and closure phases. Figure 19 shows the closure phases versus the u,v aperture radius. The closure phase values tend toward smaller values with increasing aperture size. The RMS scatter decreases substantially with aperture size until 7pix radius. Figure... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does Carilli’s interferometric method measure beam size? | By analyzing fringe visibilities from synchrotron light passing through a non-redundant aperture mask and fitting them to a Gaussian source model. | Reasoning | Carilli_2024.pdf | A multi-hole, non-redundant mask and subsequent Fourier imaging analysis, including deconvolution of the point response function (Fourier transform of the u,v sampling), and self-calibration in both phase and amplitude, could be implemented to determine more complex electron beam distributions, without strict a priori ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 5.3. Flux measurement The detector position optimal for the measurement of the channeled particle flux is the channeling plateau for the inner bar and the background position for the external one. In this position, the CpFM 1 bar intercepts the whole channeled beam while the CpFM 2 bar measures only the background. If ... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 5. Commissioning and operations In this section the most common operations in which the detector is involved are described. During the commissioning phase they were also used to validate the functionality of the detector, allowing the measurement of some well know channeled beam and crystal characteristics. The crystal... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | $$ \\theta _ { k } = \\frac { x _ { C p F M } - \\sqrt { \\frac { \\beta _ { C p F M } } { \\beta _ { c r y } } } x _ { c r y } c o s \\varDelta \\phi } { \\sqrt { \\beta _ { c r y } \\beta _ { C p F M } } s i n \\varDelta \\phi } $$ being $\\beta _ { C p F M }$ and $\\beta _ { c r y }$ the betatron function at the CpF... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | After the calibration, the detector was used to observe the particle population exiting $1 \\mathrm { m }$ long CFC (Carbon Fiber Composite) LHC-like collimator when Xenon ions are deflected onto it. The collimator is part of the UA9 crystal-assisted collimation setup. It is located downstream the crystals region and a... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | File Name:CpFM_paper.pdf Commissioning and operation of the Cherenkov detector for proton Flux Measurement of the UA9 experiment F.M. Addesa a,‚àó, D. Breton d, L. Burmistrov d, G. Cavoto a,b, V. Chaumat d, S. Dubos d, L. Esposito c, F. Galluccio e, M. Garattini c,g, F. Iacoangeli a, J. Maalmi d, D. Mirarchi c, S. Mont... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 1. Introduction The primary goal of the UA9 experiment [1] is to demonstrate the feasibility of a crystal-based halo collimation as a promising and better alternative to the standard multi-stage collimation system for high-energy hadron machines. The main installation of the experiment is located in the Long Straight S... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | In order to fully characterize this collimation system, it is essential to steadily monitor the flux of the halo particles deflected by the crystal towards the absorber. Typical crystal-extracted fluxes range from $1 0 ^ { 5 }$ up to $1 0 ^ { 7 }$ protons/s (i.e. from 1 up to 200 protons per SPS revolution) and about $... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | The relative resolution on the flux measurement of the CpFM for 100 incoming electrons was assessed to be $1 5 \\%$ , corresponding to a 0.62 photoelectron (ph.e.) yield per single particle [9,11,12]. The CpFM is installed in the SPS tunnel since 2015. 2.1. Electronic readout and DAQ system The CpFM electronic readout ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 3.2. PMT gain optimization While choosing the PMT gain for both proton and ion runs, the maximum expected flux has to be considered together with the photoelectron yield per charge and the WaveCatcher dynamic range. To determine the optimal gain is noticed that the saturation of the ADC occurs at $2 . 5 \\mathrm { V }$... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | The typical ion beam setup during UA9 data taking consists in few bunches of $1 . 1 \\times 1 0 ^ { 8 }$ fully stripped Lead (Pb) or Xenon (Xe) ions [14]. As in the case of protons, the ion beam is in coasting mode at the energy of $2 7 0 { \\mathrm { ~ G e V } }$ per charge. With such a beam intensity the ions to be m... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 3.3. WaveCatcher settings optimization In the following the optimal readout electronic settings are discussed with respect to the characteristics of the signal to be sampled. Sampling frequency and digitizer window length. Since the PMT reading out the CpFM signal is very fast (rise time $\\simeq 1 . 5 \\mathrm { n s }... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | $$ y = \\frac { A _ { P b } } { Z _ { P b } ^ { 2 } \\times S _ { p h . e } \\left( m V \\right) } $$ where the $S _ { p h . e } ( \\mathrm { m V } )$ depends on the PMT bias and it can be obtained fitting the amplitude distributions in Fig. 3 and rescaling it to the PMT gain used for ions $_ { \\scriptstyle 7 0 0 \\ma... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | The efficiency (ùúñ) of this version of the detector is well described by an upper cumulative distribution function of a Binomial distribution $B ( k , n , p )$ , being $n$ the real number of incoming protons to be detected, $k$ the total number of photoelectrons produced by the $n$ protons and p the single proton eff... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | In Fig. 7 the angular scan of the UA9 crystal-1 during a proton run is shown. It is displayed both by the BLMs and the CpFM (CpFM position is such that both the bars intercept the whole channeled beam when the crystal is in the optimal channeling position). The first and the last angular regions (angle $< - 2 7 0 0$ μ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | Using the value above and the value of the $\\sigma$ of the channeled beam obtained by the fit shown in Fig. 8(b), it is also possible to extrapolate the angular spread of the particles exiting the crystal. It can be derived subtracting the equivalent kick for $x _ { C p F M } = { \\bf c } \\pm \\sigma$ from $\\theta _... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | Finally, particular attention has to be paid to the shape of the distributions in Fig. 9(b). They are not Gaussian. For such a high fluxes, this cannot depend on the detector resolution, at least for the CpFM 2 channel which has the better efficiency. This can be demonstrated deriving the CpFM 2 resolution for an incid... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | The WaveCatcher is triggered by the UA9 trigger (common to all the other UA9 instrumentation). This trigger signal is the SPS revolution signal $( 4 3 \\\\mathrm { k H z } )$ down-scaled by a factor of 1000 and synchronized with the passage of a filled bucket in LSS5. The acquisition rate corresponds to the trigger fre... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | Hit rate monitor threshold. The hit rate monitor cannot be used to count the channeled particles because, if the beam is well bunched, they are deflected at the same time (or more precisely within the 2 ns of the bunch), producing a single signal shape proportional to their number. Nevertheless, the hit rate monitor ca... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 5.2.2. Crystal bending angle and angular spread of the channeled beam at the crystal position The results of the fits performed on the integrated beam profiles in Fig. 8(b) provide two additional functionality tests of the detector allowing to derive channeled beam and crystal characteristics already well known. In par... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
expert | How does the detector provide for the horizontal beam profile? | It provides the integrated beam profile in the horizontal plane which can be fitted by an erf function to get the standard deviation | Reasoning | CpFM_paper.pdf | 6. CpFM 2.0: in-situ calibration with Xenon ions and first case study During the winter shut-down of 2016, the layout of the CpFM detector was modified. In order to improve the detector efficiency, the fiber bundles were removed being indeed responsible for a reduction factor of 10 in the light yield per proton. They w... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20× magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | This fast shutter has two modes. One is the ‚Äò‚ÄòNORMAL‚Äô mode, where the shutter opening time is determined by the input transistor-transistor logic (TTL) pulse width fed into the shutter controller. Another is the ‚Äò‚ÄòHIGH‚Äô‚Äô mode, where the shutter opening time is fixed to $0 . 3 ~... | 1 | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | Beam emittance in the ATF damping ring is dominated by the intrabeam scattering effect [2]. In a high current of the single-bunch mode, the emittance increases as the beam current become high, and the coupling ratio decreases. In order to estimate the coupling ratio of the ATF damping ring and validate these measured b... | 2 | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | $$ where the $\\lambda$ is the wavelength of a photon and $f$ is the focal length for the wavelength. The spatial resolution $\\delta$ which is the transverse size of a point-source image for the 1st-order diffraction on the focal plane, is determined by $$ \\delta = 1 . 2 2 \\Delta r _ { N } , $$ where $\\Delta r _ { ... | 4 | Yes | 1 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | This $1 0 0 \\mathrm { H z }$ oscillation was also found from data taken on 2 other different days with almost the same amplitudes and phases. In order to eliminate the $1 0 0 ~ \\mathrm { H z }$ oscillation from the measurement, we fixed the shutter opening time to 1 ms and adjusted the shutter trigger timing to an op... | 2 | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | The beam-profile monitor with x-ray imaging optics will allow precise and direct beam imaging in a nondestructive manner because the effect of the diffraction limit can be neglected by using x-ray SR. Some beam-profile monitors based on the x-ray imaging optics were performed by using FZP and a refractive $\\mathbf { \... | 4 | Yes | 1 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20× magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | Table: Caption: TABLE I. Expected spatial resolution of each parameter and the total expected spatial resolution. Body: <html><body><table><tr><td>Parameters</td><td>Definition</td><td>Resolution (1œÉ)[Œºm]</td></tr><tr><td>Diffraction limit (Œª= 0.383 nm)</td><td>Œª/4TTOSR</td><td>0.24</td></tr><tr><td>Airy p... | 5 | Yes | 1 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20× magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | File Name:Sakai_2007.pdf Improvement of Fresnel zone plate beam-profile monitor and application to ultralow emittance beam profile measurements Hiroshi Sakai,\\* Masami Fujisawa, Kensuke Iida,† Isao Ito, Hirofumi Kudo, Norio Nakamura, Kenji Shinoe, and Takeo Tanaka Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, Institute for Soli... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | D. Coupling dependence of the measured beam profiles The coupling dependences were measured by changing the currents of the skew-quadrupole coils wound on two kinds of sextupole magnets. Figure 20 shows the typical beam profiles when a skew correction was carefully carried out [Fig. 20(a)] and all of the skew-quadrupol... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | One of our interests is to confirm the generation of the low-emittance beam, especially vertical emittance in the damping ring. The measured vertical beam size $( \\sigma _ { y } )$ and the vertical emittance $( \\varepsilon _ { y } )$ are related by $$ \\beta _ { y } \\varepsilon _ { y } = ( \\sigma _ { y } ) ^ { 2 } ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevSTAB.10.042801 PACS numbers: 07.85.Qe, 07.85.Tt, 41.75.Ht, 41.85.Ew I. INTRODUCTION A. Introduction to the FZP monitor The production of low-emittance beams is one of the key techniques for electron accelerators and synchrotron light sources. For example, a third-generation synchrotron light source ... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | IV. MEASUREMENT OF THE ULTRALOW EMITTANCE BEAM IN THE ATF DAMPING RING A. Beam tuning and condition We obtained a data set of the beam profile mainly for three days with various damping-ring conditions after improving the FZP monitor. In all cases the ATF ring was operated at $1 . 2 8 \\mathrm { G e V }$ in single-bunc... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | B. Si monochromator The Si crystal monochromator can be rotated horizontally by using a goniometer and vertically by using a stepping motor, which is attached to the support of a Si crystal in a vacuum. With the old monochromator, the vertical position of the beam image on the CCD camera had largely drifted because the... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | As the shutter opening time becomes shortened, the background component becomes larger than the peak signal of the obtained beam image. In order to measure the beam profiles precisely and analyze them in detail, we carefully subtracted this background component from the data of $\\mathbf { X }$ -ray CCD, as follows. Th... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | B. Motivation for the improvements There are several motivations for the improvements. First of all, to obtain long-term position stability of the beam image on an $\\mathbf { X }$ -ray CCD, a new Si monochromator was installed to suppress the beam image drift. Second, the effect of aberrations due to a misalignment of... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | V. CONCLUSION In this paper, we have presented an improvement of the FZP monitor and measurement results of the ultralow emittance beam in the ATF damping ring under various conditions. First, by thermally disconnecting the Si crystal from the stepping motor, the position drift of the obtained image was drastically red... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | C. Measurement of the damping time By changing the trigger timing of the $\\mathbf { X }$ -ray CCD camera from the beam-injection timing, a beam-profile measurement during radiation damping could be carried out. Furthermore, the improved time resolution by the newly installed fast mechanical shutter allowed us to measu... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | From these measurements, we conclude that the beamsize enhancement, especially vertically, is caused by the $1 0 0 ~ \\mathrm { H z }$ oscillation; the FZP monitor, itself, is working well, and electron beam might be oscillated with $1 0 0 ~ \\mathrm { H z }$ frequency. 3. Data analysis and results For data analysis, f... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | We briefly summarize the history of measurements of emittance in the ATF damping ring. First, the horizontal emittance was successfully measured by the tungsten and/ or carbon wire scanner set on the extraction line [3], and was also measured by a double-slit SR interferometer. However, the vertical emittance was not c... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | (i) A skew correction was carefully carried out to make the vertical emittance as small as possible. The damping wigglers were turned off. We examined the basic performance of the upgraded FZP monitor and measured the beam profile. The damping time was also measured $( 2 0 0 5 / 4 / 8 )$ . (ii) The damping wigglers wer... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
Expert | How does the dual-FZP setup achieve beam magnification in the KEK-ATF monitor? | By combining two zone plates with different focal lengths, producing a 20√ó magnified X-ray image. | Reasoning | Sakai_2007.pdf | Finally, we note that the improved FZP monitor is now routinely used and helps to produce and manipulate the ultralow emittance beam of the ATF damping ring during beam operation. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First of all, we would like to express our gratitude to all members of the KEK-ATF group for their helpful support. We would... | augmentation | Yes | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Collimators One pair of horizontal and vertical collimators is installed at each of the two long straights of SLS 2.0, where the quadrupole triplets are located: after the ${ 5 0 0 } \\mathrm { M H z }$ RF cavities in straight 5, and after the Super-3HC in straight 9. At these locations, the horizontal and vertical bet... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | DESIGN PROCESS Based on the magnetic field from the bending magnets, SYNRAD [3] and SPECTRA [4] simulations of the ring lattice were perform do define the heat load distribution. Maximal power was found to be at the level of $3 . 7 \\mathrm { k W }$ and $7 . 1 ~ \\mathrm { k W }$ for the normal and super bend magnets,... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | MECHANICAL MODEL mance was estimated via SYNRAD. The simulation predicts that only $2 . 5 \\%$ of the photons hitting the absorber are reflected back into the electron channel, mainly due to the grazing incidence on the vertical half tooth face. All other photons are successfully trapped. To simulate the interface betw... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | BEAM SCREEN DESIGN Silver fingers serve as a conductive path for the image current of the beam, which shields the ferrite yoke from the electromagnetic (EM) wakefields of the beam, and therefore reduces the heat dissipation in the ferrite yoke [8]. The fingers cannot be the full length of the aperture of a module, as t... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | SLS 2.0 VACUUM CONCEPT The SLS 2.0 storage ring [1] is based on a seven bend achromat design which combines longitudinal gradient bends with reverse bends. Permanent magnets are used to achieve this high magnet density per unit cell with the consequence that magnet aperture minimum must be 22 mm to get enough field str... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Short crystal strips can be cut with respect to specific Miller indices and are mechanically bent to impart an anticlastic curvature [3]. Such crystals can deflect charged particles by tens or hundreds of microradians [4, 5]. Anticlastic crystals are used in several applications at CERN. For example, to improve the col... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Figure 4 shows the carbon wire temperature increase during an acceleration cycle in the SPS with 4 injections from the PS (intensity steps) for a tank without mitigation in green (2023) and with ferrites and coupler in purple (2024). It is observable that the maximum temperature is notably lower when mitigation techniq... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | ION AND LASER BEAMS OVERLAP Because the SIS100 is a large accelerator, which is completely filled with components, is was challenging to find a good place for the laser cooling facility. For laser cooling it is crucial to have the best possible overlap between the ion beam and the laser beams. Therefore, a straight sec... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | The beam halo collimation system is installed in section PF (see Fig. 1), and has been studied with particle tracking using the Xtrack-BDSIM coupling simulation framework [11]. Good protection has been demonstrated for halo beam losses assuming a beam lifetime of $5 \\mathrm { m i n }$ at the most critical Z mode [11].... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | 1)Closed Absorber that dissipates all the Synchrotron Radiation (SR) power generated by bending magnets where no light extraction is foreseen 2)First Crotch Absorber located near the bending magnets. It has a large window opening to pass maximal possible beam size while protecting downstream chamber. It dissipates most... | 4 | NO | 1 |
IPAC | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | BROADBAND IMPEDANCE BUDGET The resistive wall represents a major contribution to the broadband impedance budget which is used for the determination of the single bunch instability thresholds of SLS 2.0. The cross section of the arc vacuum chamber has an octagonal shape, with $1 8 ~ \\mathrm { m m }$ distance between op... | 1 | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | A one-dimensional profile of the intensity distribution through the two maxima, $I ( x _ { \\mathrm { m a x } } , y )$ , gives a distribution of the vertically polarized focused light that displays a dual peak separated by a zero minimum at the centre, $I ( x _ { \\mathrm { m a x } } , 0 ) = 0$ . A vertical beam size m... | 1 | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | The branch used for the $\\pi$ -polarization method has a maximum clearance of $7 \\mathrm { { m r a d } _ { H } \\times 9 \\mathrm { { m r a d } _ { V } } }$ . The vis‚Äö√Ñ√¨UV light is twice directed through $9 0 ^ { \\circ }$ angles due to space constraints. This arrangement is also of benefit for optical reasons as... | 5 | NO | 1 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | The horizontal acceptance angle of the X-ray branch is 0.8 mrad. The water cooled pinhole array, fabricated from a $1 5 0 \\mu \\mathrm { m }$ thick tungsten sheet interspersed with $1 5 \\mu \\mathrm { m }$ diameter holes, is located $4 . 0 2 0 \\mathrm { m }$ from the source point. The light escaping these holes carr... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | 5. Emittance determination The stability of the SLS as given by the vertical beam size is illustrated in Fig. 10, which shows archived data over a period of 4.5 days dedicated to user operation and for which changes to the ID parameters by experimenters are the norm. However, the beam had been deliberately tuned (last ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | The FWHM value is used for converting to $\\sigma _ { \\mathrm { e x } }$ . During measurements small beam ellipse rotations, originating either from betatron coupling or from a local vertical dispersion, are sometimes present. In this case, the vertically measured quantity is sey0 such that sey0osey, since only the ve... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Table: Caption: Table 1 Nominal (no IDs) and measured parameter values at the observation point, together with derived emittances and emittance ratio Maximum error margins are linearly added when deducing the maximum emittance and emittance ratio errors. Body: <html><body><table><tr><td>Parameter</td><td>Nominal valu... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ where $\\gamma = E / m _ { \\mathrm { e } } c ^ { 2 }$ , $E$ is the electron energy, $\\lambda$ is the observed radiation wavelength, $\\lambda _ { \\mathrm { c } } = 4 \\pi R / 3 \\gamma ^ { 3 }$ is the critical wavelength, $R$ is the radius of the electron trajectory, $p$ and $p ^ { \\prime }$ are the distances fr... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the horizontal “finger” absorber protect the first mirror at SLS? | It blocks most power while minimally affecting the useful spectral flux. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | We now address the question as to whether the small vertical emittance achieved when performing the skew quadruple betatron coupling correction, is of a global or local nature. One could argue that the minimization of the vertical beam size at one observation point in the ring does not necessarily constitute evidence f... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Beam Size For this study a precise and reliable measurement of the beam size is critical. The beam images are recorded on luminescent screens with digital cameras. Different methods to compute the $1 \\sigma$ beam sizes from the beam profiles were investigated (Fig. 4). RMS beam sizes with $5 \\%$ amplitude or $5 \\%$ ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | BEAM SIZE CALCULATION The measurement for the remaining term in the beam size calculation (Eq. (5)) is shown in Fig. 8. The value for the horizontal orbit kick slope of $- 4 . 7 8 1 \\pm 0 . 0 9 2 \\mu \\mathrm { r a d } / \\mathrm { m } ^ { - 2 }$ results in a calculated value for the horizontal beam size of $\\sigma ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ where $r _ { I I }$ and $r _ { I 2 }$ are elements of the transport matrix from the quadrupole to the screen. Usually, dispersion is neglected and using thin lens approximation the above equation becomes a parabola with the variable $K$ [6]. A parabola fit then yields $\\varepsilon , \\beta _ { \\mathcal { Q } }$ an... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | QUADRUPOLE SCAN METHOD The transverse (horizontal) emittance for a well centered and aligned beam $\\mathbf { \\bar { x } } , \\mathbf { x ^ { \\prime } } = 0 \\mathbf { \\bar { \\Psi } } .$ ) can be determined as: $$ \\varepsilon _ { x } = \\sqrt { d e t \\sigma } = \\sqrt { \\left( \\sigma _ { 1 1 } \\sigma _ { 2 2 }... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ where $N$ is the number of particles, $e$ is the charge of each particle, $s - u t = : z$ is the longitudinal position relative to a reference particle with the trajectory $u t$ . Here, without writing out explicitly, the horizontal and vertical beam sizes $\\sigma _ { x }$ and $\\sigma _ { y }$ vary with $s$ $$ \\s... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ using emittance $\\varepsilon$ and twis parameters $\\alpha , \\beta , \\gamma$ . Since $\\beta \\varepsilon$ is equal to the square of the beam width, Eq. (1) can be used to derive the relation as follows. $$ \\begin{array} { r l } & { \\sigma _ { \\mathrm { f i n a l } , y 1 1 } = \\sigma _ { \\mathrm { i n i t i ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | THEORY Equation (1) shows the geometric luminosity $\\mathcal { L }$ from a head-on collision of two Gaussian beams. The transverse sizes $( \\sigma _ { x } , \\sigma _ { y } )$ should be minimized to maximize luminosity. $$ \\mathcal { L } = \\frac { N _ { 1 } N _ { 2 } f N _ { b } } { 4 \\pi \\sigma _ { x } \\sigma _... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | THEORY In order to comprehend the concept of the beam profile reconstruction using the spectral resolved set-up, it is required to briefly review the theory of the interferometric beam size monitor utilizing synchrotron radiation, which was first proposed by T. Mitsuhashi [4]. The interference pattern for Young‚Äôs dou... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ or more conveniently written as: $$ \\frac { \\Delta x _ { s } } { \\sqrt { \\epsilon _ { G } \\beta _ { s } } } \\leq \\left| \\sum _ { i } \\theta _ { s _ { i } } A _ { i } \\exp ( j 2 \\pi \\phi _ { s _ { i } } ) \\right| , $$ where $A _ { i }$ is a function that can be computed for a given optics, and the geomet... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | METHODS Here we focus on two methods for measuring emittance, solenoid scans and 4D phase space scans. Emittance was measured for each laser spot size using both methods. The photocathode used for all measurements shown here was K-Sb grown on niobium at room temperature, with typical beam currents ranging within $0 . 5... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | MEASUREMENT ERRORS The accuracy of beam size measurements is a!ected by various factors, such as CCD noise, beam jitter, and beamline vibrations. The resulting errors, denoted by $\\Delta \\sigma$ , are related to the errors in visibility measurements, $\\Delta \\lvert \\gamma \\rvert$ , by the formula $$ \\Delta \\sig... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | The FWHM value is used for converting to $\\sigma _ { \\mathrm { e x } }$ . During measurements small beam ellipse rotations, originating either from betatron coupling or from a local vertical dispersion, are sometimes present. In this case, the vertically measured quantity is sey0 such that sey0osey, since only the ve... | 4 | NO | 1 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ where $\\gamma$ denotes the Lorentz factor, $I _ { t o t }$ the total beam current, $\\xi _ { y }$ the beam-beam parameter, $R _ { G }$ the hour-glass effect, $e$ the electron charge, $r _ { e }$ the classical electron radius, and $\\beta _ { y } ^ { * }$ the vertical $\\beta$ -function at the interaction point (IP)... | 2 | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Over the past few years, we have focused on testing two beam size measurement setups, both based on x-ray diffraction optics. The first one is based on using Fresnel zone plates (FZP) and the second is based on diffraction using multiple crystals. FZPs allow imaging the beam in 2D, providing size and tilt information s... | 1 | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Hofmann and Me¬¨¬• ot [36] describe diffraction effects from the SR spectral-angular distribution on the beam profile image formation in different cases of radiation by relativistic electrons. For the bending magnet SR case, a simple point source is assumed to emit an $E$ -field amplitude distribution over a vertical a... | 5 | NO | 1 |
expert | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | The branch used for the $\\pi$ -polarization method has a maximum clearance of $7 \\mathrm { { m r a d } _ { H } \\times 9 \\mathrm { { m r a d } _ { V } } }$ . The vis‚Äö√Ñ√¨UV light is twice directed through $9 0 ^ { \\circ }$ angles due to space constraints. This arrangement is also of benefit for optical reasons as... | 4 | NO | 1 |
expert | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | 4.2. Vertical measurements As an example of the vertical beam size measurement performed with vertically polarized light we present a profile (Fig. 8) obtained at $4 0 0 \\mathrm { m A }$ circulating current. This mode, using eight slightly tuned skew quadrupoles, all with integrated field strengths below $0 . 0 0 6 \\... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | Table 1 summarizes the emittance determinations. Measured values for the machine functions and for the rms beam sizes are presented. From the estimated maximum error in the measurement we give maximum error margins for the different quantities. The beam relative energy spread, $\\sigma _ { \\delta }$ , is the only quan... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
expert | How does the π-polarization method measure vertical beam size? | By analizing the peak-to-valley ratio in vertically polarized synchrotron light. | Reasoning | Andersson_2008.pdf | $$ since the dispersive contributions to the particle distribution are of course correlated horizontally and vertically. Since the vertical beam size, $\\sigma _ { \\mathrm { e y 0 } }$ , is obtained from integration over a narrow corridor (width $\\leqslant \\sigma _ { \\mathrm { e x } }$ , see Fig. 4) the correction ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | Fascinatingly, advanced concepts employing DLA, in particular when integrating the accelerating structure with the laser oscillator, could achieve many orders of magnitude higher rates of single high-energy electrons entering into an NA64/LDMX-type detector [19–21]. Indirect DM searches call, e.g., for a beam with an... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | DLS currently uses a BPM-to-quad BBA method based on the standard functions in Matlab Middlelayer [2], which SYNCHRONOUS DETECTOR METHOD From Excitation to Line Fit The selected corrector magnet is driven with fixed number of cycles of a sine wave of the selected frequency $\\omega _ { 0 }$ and data $x _ { i } ( t )$ i... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | $$ and itself transforms as: $$ \\frac { d \\mathbf { M } } { d s } = \\mathbf { F } ( s ) \\mathbf { M } . $$ TRANSOPTR uses an initial distribution $\\sigma _ { 0 }$ , and an $\\mathbf { F } ( s )$ matrix for each element, to solve for the $\\sigma$ and $\\mathbf { M } ( s )$ at each point by numerically solving the ... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | From the fast beam-based alignment (FBBA) process detailed by ALBA [1], we have successfully implemented our own version alongside some new measurement and analysis methods. Like ALBA, our version takes advantage of using AC excitations alongside using the fast acquisition archiver system (FAA) [5] to enable orbit meas... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | DBA LATTICE Linear Optics The designed MLS II lattice consists of 6 identical DBA cells with $8 6 . 4 \\mathrm { ~ m ~ }$ circumference. Each cell contains two homogeneous dipole magnets with a bending radius of 2.27 m according to the critical photon energy of $5 0 0 ~ \\mathrm { e V } .$ . In accordance with the desi... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | Applying adiabatic matching in FFA $@$ CEBAF presents a challenge due to the tunnel space constraints and the fact that it is not possible to keep the betatron phase advance per cell constant during match. Thus, we explore a two-step matching strategy. The different-energy orbits and dispersions are suppressed in the f... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
IPAC | How is alternating phase focusing applied to DLAs? | drift sections between grating cells lead to jumps in the synchronous phase, which can be designed to provide net focusing. | definition | Beam_dynamics_analysis_of_dielectric_laser_acceleration.pdf | The defocusing field remains quadrupole-like with changing beam size (Fig. 4). The vertical field appears approximately sextupole-like. In the horizontal axis $( x = 0 )$ ), a proportional relationship between focusing strength and $y$ is seen, however away from the axis a non-linear relationship is seen. Sextupole-lik... | augmentation | NO | 0 |
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