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bool : Set := true : bool | false : bool ]] We can define the boolean negation as follows: *) Equations neg (b : bool) : bool := neg true := false; neg false := true.
Inductive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
bool
null
neg (b : bool) : bool := neg true := false; neg false := true.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
neg
* Inductive types In its simplest form, [Equations] allows to define functions on inductive datatypes. Take for example the booleans defined as an inductive type with two constructors [true] and [false]: [[ Inductive bool : Set := true : bool | false : bool ]] We can define the boolean negation ...
neg_inv : forall b, neg (neg b) = b.
Lemma
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
neg_inv
null
neg_ind : bool -> bool -> Prop := | neg_ind_equation_1 : neg_ind true false | neg_ind_equation_2 : neg_ind false true ]] Along with a proof of [Π b, neg_ind b (neg b)], we can eliminate any call to [neg] specializing its argument and result in a single command.
Inductive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
neg_ind
null
list {A} : Type := nil : list | cons : A -> list -> list.
Inductive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
list
* Reasoning principles In the setting of a proof assistant like Coq, we need not only the ability to define complex functions but also get good reasoning support for them. Practically, this translates to the ability to simplify applications of functions appearing in the goal and to give strong enough pro...
tail {A} (l : list A) : list A := tail nil := nil ; tail (cons a v) := v.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
tail
No special support for polymorphism is needed, as type arguments are treated like regular arguments in dependent type theories. Note however that one cannot match on type arguments, there is no intensional type analysis. We can write the polymorphic [tail] function as follows:
app {A} (l l' : list A) : list A := app nil l' := l' ; app (cons a l) l' := cons a (app l l').
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
app
** Recursive inductive types Of course with inductive types comes recursion. Coq accepts a subset of the structurally recursive definitions by default (it is incomplete due to its syntactic nature). We will use this as a first step towards a more robust treatment of recursion via well-founded relatio...
filter {A} (l : list A) (p : A -> bool) : list A := filter nil p := nil ; filter (cons a l) p with p a => { filter (cons a l) p true := a :: filter l p ; filter (cons a l) p false := filter l p }.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
filter
** Moving to the left The structure of real programs is richer than a simple case tree on the original arguments in general. In the course of a computation, we might want to scrutinize intermediate results (e.g. coming from function calls) to produce an answer. This literally means adding a new pattern ...
filter' {A} (l : list A) (p : A -> bool) : list A := | [], p => [] | a :: l, p with p a => { | true => a :: filter' l p | false => filter' l p }.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
filter
A more compact syntax can be used to avoid repeating the same patterns in multiple clauses and focus on the patterns that matter. When a clause starts with `|`, a list of patterns separated by "," or "|" can be provided in open syntax, without parentheses. They should match the explicit arguments of the curren...
unzip {A B} (l : list (A * B)) : list A * list B := unzip nil := (nil, nil) ; unzip (cons p l) with unzip l => { unzip (cons (pair a b) l) (pair la lb) := (a :: la, b :: lb) }.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
unzip
A common use of with clauses is to scrutinize recursive results like the following:
equal (n m : nat) : { n = m } + { n <> m } := equal O O := left eq_refl ; equal (S n) (S m) with equal n m := { equal (S n) (S ?(n)) (left eq_refl) := left eq_refl ; equal (S n) (S m) (right p) := right _ } ; equal x y := right _.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
equal
* Dependent types Coq supports writing dependent functions, in other words, it gives the ability to make the results _type_ depend on actual _values_, like the arguments of the function. A simple example is given below of a function which decides the equality of two natural numbers, returning a sum typ...
head {A} (l : list A) (pf : l <> nil) : A := head nil pf with pf eq_refl := { | ! }; head (cons a v) _ := a.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
head
Of particular interest here is the inner program refining the recursive result. As [equal n m] is of type [{ n = m } + { n <> m }] we have two cases to consider: - Either we are in the [left p] case, and we know that [p] is a proof of [n = m], in which case we can do a nested match on [p]. The result of ...
eq (A : Type) (x : A) : A -> Prop := eq_refl : eq A x x.
Inductive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
eq
null
eqt {A} (x y z : A) (p : x = y) (q : y = z) : x = z := eqt x ?(x) ?(x) eq_refl eq_refl := eq_refl.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
eqt
** Inductive families The next step is to make constraints such as non-emptiness part of the datatype itself. This capability is provided through inductive families in Coq %\cite{paulin93tlca}%, which are a similar concept to the generalization of algebraic datatypes to GADTs in functional languages like...
vmap {A B} (f : A -> B) {n} (v : vector A n) : vector B n := vmap f (n:=?(0)) Vnil := Vnil ; vmap f (Vcons a v) := Vcons (f a) (vmap f v).
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
vmap
null
vtail {A n} (v : vector A (S n)) : vector A n := vtail (Vcons a v') := v'.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
vtail
Here the value of the index representing the size of the vector is directly determined by the constructor, hence in the case tree we have no need to eliminate [n]. This means in particular that the function [vmap] does not do any computation with [n], and the argument could be eliminated in the extracted...
NoConfusion for nat.
Derive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
NoConfusion
** Derived notions, No-Confusion For this to work smoothlty, the package requires some derived definitions on each (indexed) family, which can be generated automatically using the generic [Derive] command. Here we ask to generate the signature, heterogeneous no-confusion and homogeneous no-confusion pr...
Signature NoConfusion NoConfusionHom for vector.
Derive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
Signature
null
diag {A n} (v : vector (vector A n) n) : vector A n := diag (n:=O) Vnil := Vnil ; diag (n:=S _) (Vcons (Vcons a v) v') := Vcons a (diag (vmap vtail v')).
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
diag
The precise specification of these derived definitions can be found in the manual section %(\S \ref{manual})%. Signature is used to "pack" a value in an inductive family with its index, e.g. the "total space" of every index and value of the family. This can be used to derive the heterogeneous no-confusion p...
id (n : nat) : nat by wf n lt := id 0 := 0; id (S n') := S (id n').
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
id
Indeed, Coq cannot guess the decreasing argument of this fixpoint using its limited syntactic guard criterion: [vmap vtail v'] cannot be seen to be a (large) subterm of [v'] using this criterion, even if it is clearly "smaller". In general, it can also be the case that the compilation algorithm introduc...
Subterm for vector.
Derive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
Subterm
Here [id] is defined by well-founded recursion on [lt] on the (only) argument [n] using the [by wf] annotation. At recursive calls of [id], obligations are generated to show that the arguments effectively decrease according to this relation. Here the proof that [n' < S n'] is discharged automatically....
t_direct_subterm (A : Type) : forall n n0 : nat, vector A n -> vector A n0 -> Prop := t_direct_subterm_1_1 : forall (h : A) (n : nat) (H : vector A n), t_direct_subterm A n (S n) H (Vcons h H) ]] That is, there is only one recursive subterm, for the subvector in the [Vcons] constructor.
Inductive
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
t_direct_subterm
null
unzip {n} (v : vector (A * B) n) : vector A n * vector B n by wf (signature_pack v) (@t_subterm (A * B)) := unzip Vnil := (Vnil, Vnil) ; unzip (Vector.cons (pair x y) v) with unzip v := { | pair xs ys := (Vector.cons x xs, Vector.cons y ys) }.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
unzip
We can use the packed relation to do well-founded recursion on the vector. Note that we do a recursive call on a substerm of type [vector A n] which must be shown smaller than a [vector A (S n)]. They are actually compared at the packed type [{ n : nat & vector A n}]. The default obligation tact...
diag' {A n} (v : vector (vector A n) n) : vector A n by wf n := diag' Vnil := Vnil ; diag' (Vcons (Vcons a v) v') := Vcons a (diag' (vmap vtail v')).
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
diag
For the diagonal, it is easier to give [n] as the decreasing argument of the function, even if the pattern-matching itself is on vectors:
uipa : forall A, UIP A.
Axiom
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
uipa
The user must declare this axiom itself, as an instance of the [UIP] class.
Instance uipa.
Existing
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
Instance
null
K {A} (x : A) (P : x = x -> Type) (p : P eq_refl) (H : x = x) : P H := K x P p eq_refl := p.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
K
In this case the following definition uses the [UIP] axiom just declared.
allows however to use constructive proofs of UIP for types enjoying decidable equality.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
allows
null
K' (x : nat) (P : x = x -> Type) (p : P eq_refl) (H : x = x) : P H := K' x P p eq_refl := p.
Equations
doc
[ "Coq.Arith", "Coq.Lia", "Coq.Program", "Equations.Equations", "Bvector" ]
doc/equations_intro.v
K
Note that the definition loses its computational content: it will get stuck on an axiom. We hence do not recommend its use. Equations allows however to use constructive proofs of UIP for types enjoying decidable equality. The following example relies on an instance of the [EqDec] typeclass for ...
rev_acc {A} (l : list A) : list A := rev_acc l := go [] l where go : list A -> list A -> list A := go acc [] := acc; go acc (hd :: tl) := go (hd :: acc) tl.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Coq.List", "Coq.Program", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/accumulator.v
rev_acc
** Worker/wrapper The most standard example is an efficient implementation of list reversal. Instead of growing the stack by the size of the list, we accumulate a partially reverted list as a new argument of our function. We implement this using a [go] auxilliary function defined recursively and pattern mat...
rev_acc_eq : forall {A} (l : list A), rev_acc l = rev l.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Coq.List", "Coq.Program", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/accumulator.v
rev_acc_eq
A typical issue with such accumulating functions is that one has to write lemmas in two versions, once about the internal [go] function and then on its wrapper. Using the functional elimination principle associated to [rev_acc], we can show both properties simultaneously.
indexes : list nat -> list nat := indexes l := go [] (length l) where go : list nat -> nat -> list nat := go acc 0 := acc; go acc (S n) := go (n :: acc) n.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Coq.List", "Coq.Program", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/accumulator.v
indexes
** Programm equivalence with worker/wrappers Finally we show how the eliminator can be used to prove program equivalences involving a worker/wrapper definition. Here [indexes l] computes the list [0..|l|-1] of valid indexes in the list [l].
indexes_spec (l : list nat) : Forall (fun x => x < length l) (indexes l).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Coq.List", "Coq.Program", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/accumulator.v
indexes_spec
Clearly, all indexes in the resulting list should be smaller than [length l]:
interval_large x y : ~ x < y -> interval x y = [].
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Coq.List", "Coq.Program", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/accumulator.v
interval_large
We prove a simple lemmas on [interval]:
indexes_interval l : indexes l = interval 0 (length l).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Coq.List", "Coq.Program", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/accumulator.v
indexes_interval
One can show that [indexes l] produces the interval [0..|l|-1] using [indexes_elim]. The recursion invariant for [indexes_go] records that [acc] corresponds to a partial interval [n..|l|-1] during the computation, and is finally completed into [0..|l|-1] by the end of the computation. We use the previous le...
Eq (A : Type) := { eqb : A -> A -> bool; eqb_spec : forall x y, reflect (x = y) (eqb x y) }.
Class
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
Eq
null
fin_eq {k} (f f' : fin k) : bool := fin_eq fz fz => true; fin_eq (fs f) (fs f') => fin_eq f f'; fin_eq _ _ => false.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
fin_eq
null
fin_Eq k : Eq (fin k).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
fin_Eq
null
bool_Eq : Eq bool.
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
bool_Eq
null
prod_eq A B : Eq A -> Eq B -> Eq (A * B).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
prod_eq
null
option_eq {A : Type} {E:Eq A} (o o' : option A) : bool := option_eq None None := true; option_eq (Some o) (Some o') := eqb o o'; option_eq _ _ := false.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
option_eq
null
option_Eq A : Eq A -> Eq (option A).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
option_Eq
null
eq_fin_fn {k} (f g : fin k -> A) : bool := eq_fin_fn (k:=0) f g := true; eq_fin_fn (k:=S k) f g := eqb (f fz) (g fz) && eq_fin_fn (fun n => f (fs n)) (fun n => g (fs n)).
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
eq_fin_fn
null
Eq_graph k : Eq (fin k -> A).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
Eq_graph
null
dec_rel {X:Type} (R : X → X → Prop) := ∀ x y, {R x y} + {not (R x y)}.
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
dec_rel
null
WFT : Type := | ZT : WFT | SUP : (X -> WFT) -> WFT.
Inductive
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
WFT
null
NoConfusion Subterm for WFT.
Derive
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
NoConfusion
null
sec_disj (R : X -> X -> Prop) x y z := R y z \/ R x y.
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
sec_disj
null
SecureBy (R : X -> X -> Prop) (p : WFT) : Prop := match p with | ZT => forall x y, R x y | SUP f => forall x, SecureBy (fun y z => R y z \/ R x y) (f x) end.
Fixpoint
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
SecureBy
null
SecureBy_mon p (R' S : X -> X -> Prop) (H : forall x y, R' x y -> S x y) : SecureBy R' p -> SecureBy S p.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
SecureBy_mon
null
almost_full (R : X -> X -> Prop) := exists p, SecureBy R p.
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
almost_full
null
af_tree_iter {x : X} (accX : Acc R x) := match accX with | Acc_intro f => SUP (fun y => match decR y x with | left Ry => af_tree_iter (f y Ry) | right _ => ZT end) end.
Fixpoint
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_tree_iter
null
af_tree : X → WFT := fun x => af_tree_iter (wfR x).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_tree
null
secure_from_wf : SecureBy (fun x y => not (R y x)) (SUP af_tree).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
secure_from_wf
null
af_from_wf : almost_full (fun x y => not (R y x)).
Corollary
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_from_wf
null
AlmostFull {X} (R : X -> X -> Prop) := is_almost_full : almost_full R.
Class
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
AlmostFull
null
#[export] Instance proper_af X : Proper (relation_equivalence ==> iff) (@AlmostFull X).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
proper_af
null
#[export] Instance almost_full_le : AlmostFull Peano.le.
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
almost_full_le
null
clos_trans_n1_left {R : X -> X -> Prop} x y z : R x y -> clos_trans_n1 _ R y z -> clos_trans_n1 _ R x z.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
clos_trans_n1_left
null
clos_trans_1n_n1 {R : X -> X -> Prop} x y : clos_trans_1n _ R x y -> clos_trans_n1 _ R x y.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
clos_trans_1n_n1
null
clos_refl_trans_right {R : X -> X -> Prop} x y z : R y z -> clos_refl_trans _ R x y -> clos_trans_n1 _ R x z.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
clos_refl_trans_right
null
clos_trans_1n_right {R : X -> X -> Prop} x y z : R y z -> clos_trans_1n _ R x y -> clos_trans_1n _ R x z.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
clos_trans_1n_right
null
clos_trans_n1_1n {R : X -> X -> Prop} x y : clos_trans_n1 _ R x y -> clos_trans_1n _ R x y.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
clos_trans_n1_1n
null
acc_from_af (p : WFT X) (T R : X → X → Prop) y : (∀ x z, clos_refl_trans X T z y -> clos_trans_1n X T x z ∧ R z x → False) → SecureBy R p → Acc T y.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
acc_from_af
null
wf_from_af (p : WFT X) (T R : X → X → Prop) : (∀ x y, clos_trans_1n X T x y ∧ R y x → False) → SecureBy R p → well_founded T.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
wf_from_af
null
compose_rel {X} (R S : X -> X -> Prop) : relation X := fun x y => exists z, R x z /\ S z y.
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
compose_rel
null
power (k : nat) (T : X -> X -> Prop) : X -> X -> Prop := power 0 T := T; power (S k) T := fun x y => exists z, power k T x z /\ T z y.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
power
null
acc_incl (T T' : X -> X -> Prop) x : (forall x y, T' x y -> T x y) -> Acc T x -> Acc T' x.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
acc_incl
null
power_clos_trans (T : X -> X -> Prop) k : inclusion _ (power k T) (clos_trans _ T).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
power_clos_trans
null
clos_trans_power (T : X -> X -> Prop) x y : clos_trans _ T x y -> exists k, power k T x y.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
clos_trans_power
null
acc_power (T : X -> X -> Prop) x k : Acc T x -> Acc (power k T) x.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
acc_power
null
secure_power (k : nat) (p : WFT X) : WFT X := secure_power 0 p := p; secure_power (S k) p := SUP (fun x => secure_power k p).
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
secure_power
null
secure_by_power R p (H : SecureBy R p) k : SecureBy R (secure_power k p).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
secure_by_power
null
acc_from_power_af (p : WFT X) (T R : X → X → Prop) y k : (∀ x z, clos_refl_trans _ T z y -> clos_trans_1n X (power k T) x z ∧ R z x → False) → SecureBy R (secure_power k p) → Acc T y.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
acc_from_power_af
null
wf_from_power_af (p : WFT X) (T R : X → X → Prop) k : (∀ x y, clos_trans_1n X (power k T) x y ∧ R y x → False) → SecureBy R p → well_founded T.
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
wf_from_power_af
null
af_wf : WellFounded T.
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_wf
null
af_power_wf : WellFounded T.
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_power_wf
null
cofmap {X Y : Type} (f : Y -> X) (p : WFT X) : WFT Y := cofmap f ZT := ZT; cofmap f (SUP w) := SUP (fun y => cofmap f (w (f y))).
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
cofmap
null
cofmap_secures {X Y : Type} (f : Y -> X) (p : WFT X) (R : X -> X -> Prop) : SecureBy R p -> SecureBy (fun x y => R (f x) (f y)) (cofmap f p).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
cofmap_secures
null
#[export] Instance AlmostFull_MR {X Y} R (f : Y -> X) : AlmostFull R -> AlmostFull (Wf.MR R f).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
AlmostFull_MR
null
oplus_nullary {X:Type} (p:WFT X) (q:WFT X) := match p with | ZT => q | SUP f => SUP (fun x => oplus_nullary (f x) q) end.
Fixpoint
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
oplus_nullary
null
oplus_nullary_sec_intersection {X} (p : WFT X) (q: WFT X) (C : X → X → Prop) (A : Prop) (B : Prop) : SecureBy (fun y z => C y z ∨ A) p → SecureBy (fun y z => C y z ∨ B) q → SecureBy (fun y z => C y z ∨ (A ∧ B)) (oplus_nullary p q).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
oplus_nullary_sec_intersection
null
oplus_unary_sec_intersection {X} (p q : WFT X) (C : X -> X -> Prop) (A B : X -> Prop) : SecureBy (fun y z => C y z \/ A y) p -> SecureBy (fun y z => C y z \/ B y) q -> SecureBy (fun y z => C y z \/ (A y /\ B y)) (oplus_unary p q).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
oplus_unary_sec_intersection
null
oplus_binary_sec_intersection' {X} (p q : WFT X) (C : X -> X -> Prop) (A B : X -> X -> Prop) : SecureBy (fun y z => C y z \/ A y z) p -> SecureBy (fun y z => C y z \/ B y z) q -> SecureBy (fun y z => C y z \/ (A y z /\ B y z)) (oplus_binary p q).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
oplus_binary_sec_intersection
null
oplus_binary_sec_intersection {X} (p q : WFT X) (A B : X -> X -> Prop) : SecureBy A p -> SecureBy B q -> SecureBy (fun y z => A y z /\ B y z) (oplus_binary p q).
Lemma
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
oplus_binary_sec_intersection
null
inter_rel {X : Type} (A B : X -> X -> Prop) := fun x y => A x y /\ B x y.
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
inter_rel
null
af_interesection {X : Type} (A B : X -> X -> Prop) : AlmostFull A -> AlmostFull B -> AlmostFull (inter_rel A B).
Corollary
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_interesection
null
af_bool : AlmostFull (@eq bool).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_bool
null
product_rel {X Y : Type} (A : X -> X -> Prop) (B : Y -> Y -> Prop) := fun x y => A (fst x) (fst y) /\ B (snd x) (snd y).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
product_rel
null
#[export] Instance af_product {X Y : Type} (A : X -> X -> Prop) (B : Y -> Y -> Prop) : AlmostFull A -> AlmostFull B -> AlmostFull (product_rel A B).
Instance
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
af_product
null
T (x y : nat * nat) : Prop := (fst x = snd y /\ snd x < snd y) \/ (fst x = snd y /\ snd x < fst y).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
T
null
Tl (x y : nat * (nat * unit)) : Prop := (fst x = fst (snd y) /\ fst (snd x) < fst (snd y)).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
Tl
null
Tr (x y : nat * (nat * unit)) : Prop := (fst x = fst (snd y) /\ fst (snd x) < fst y).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
Tr
null
subgraph k k' := fin k -> option (bool * fin k').
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
subgraph
null
graph k := subgraph k k.
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
graph
null
strict {k} (f : fin k) := Some (true, f).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
strict
null
large {k} (f : fin k) := Some (false, f).
Definition
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
large
null
T_graph_l (x : fin 2) : option (bool * fin 2) := { T_graph_l fz := large (fs fz); T_graph_l (fs fz) := strict (fs fz) }.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
T_graph_l
null
T_graph_r (x : fin 2) : option (bool * fin 2) := { T_graph_r fz := large (fs fz); T_graph_r (fs fz) := strict fz }.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
T_graph_r
null
graph_compose {k} (g1 g2 : graph k) : graph k := graph_compose g1 g2 arg0 with g1 arg0 := { | Some (weight, arg1) with g2 arg1 := { | Some (weight', arg2) => Some (weight || weight', arg2); | None => None }; | None => None }.
Equations
examples
[ "Equations.Equations", "Examples", "Relations", "Utf8", "Relations", "Wellfounded", "Setoid", "RelationClasses", "Morphisms", "Lia", "Bool", "List", "Arith", "String", "Coq.FunctionalExtensionality", "ssreflect", "Lia", "ExtrOcamlBasic" ]
examples/AlmostFull.v
graph_compose
null
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Coq-Equations

Structured dataset from Coq-Equations, a library for dependent pattern matching and well-founded recursion.

Schema

Column Type Description
fact string Full declaration (name, signature, body)
type string Equations, Lemma, Definition, Derive, etc.
library string Component (theories, examples, test-suite, doc)
imports list Import statements
filename string Source file path
symbolic_name string Declaration identifier
docstring string Documentation comment (14% coverage)

Statistics

By Type

Type Count
Lemma 834
Equations 735
Definition 518
Inductive 300
Derive 234
Instance 129
Theorem 58
Fixpoint 57
Class 55
Other 175

Key Feature

This dataset uniquely contains 735 declarations - the signature feature of Coq-Equations for dependent pattern matching:

Example Entry

Use Cases

  • Dependent pattern matching research
  • Well-founded recursion examples
  • Training models on advanced Coq features

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