Datasets:
license: cc-by-4.0
tags:
- remote-sensing
- satellite-imagery
- agriculture
- classification
- multi-label
- bounding-box
dataset_type: image-classification
pretty_name: CAFOSat Dataset
size_categories:
- 10K<n<100K
CAFOSat: CAFO Infrastructure Dataset
CAFOSat is a remote sensing dataset designed for identifying and classifying Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) across various U.S. states. It includes high-resolution image patches, infrastructure annotations, bounding boxes, and experimental train-test splits for multiple configurations.
Dataset Structure
The dataset is organized into extracted folders originally packaged as .tar.gz files:
STATE_filtered/: Original patches per U.S. state
(e.g.,IA_filtered/,AL_filtered/)negative_samples/: Verified non-CAFO examplesbarn/,manure_pond/,others/: Augmented synthetic patches by infrastructure typecafosat.csv: Master metadata file with labels, bounding boxes, and split flags
All image paths referenced in the CSV point to these extracted folders.
🔖 Image File Reference (patch_file)
Each row in the metadata includes a patch_file field that provides the relative path to the associated image file.
Each patch_file is a pointer into a compressed archive using Hugging Face's streaming format:
Example:
-IA_filtered.tar.gz::IA_filtered/crop_4517_patch_10147_Swine_Nursery_IA.tif
barn.tar.gz::barn/aug_patch_00123.tif`negative_sample.tar.gz::barn/neg_patch_00098.tif`
This format indicates the image is located inside IA_filtered.tar.gz under the subpath shown. This field is automatically interpreted by Hugging Face as an image using the datasets.Image() feature, so image previews and loading work out of the box.
Features
| Column | Description |
|---|---|
patch_file |
Path to the image file |
label |
Integer label for class (0–6) |
barn, manure_pond, grazing_area, others |
Binary infra flags |
geom_bbox |
Bounding box coordinates [x1, y1, x2, y2] |
category |
Class name (e.g., Swine, Dairy) |
state |
U.S. state of the patch |
verified_label |
Human-verified CAFO type |
CAFO_UNIQUE_ID |
Unique identifier for facility |
image_type |
original, augmented, negative, etc. |
split columns |
Flags for different train/test/val splits |
Labels
| Class ID | Class Name |
|---|---|
| 0 | Negative |
| 1 | Swine |
| 2 | Dairy |
| 3 | Beef |
| 4 | Poultry |
| 5 | Horses |
| 6 | Sheep/Goats |
Splits
Multiple experimental train-test split columns are provided in the CSV:
cafosat_verified_training_train,cafosat_verified_training_test,cafosat_verified_training_valcafosat_all_training_*cafosat_training_set1_*,set2_*cafosat_merged_training_*cafosat_augmented_training_*
Each flag is a binary indicator (1 = in split, 0 = excluded).
Intended Use
- CAFO detection and classification
- Agricultural infrastructure mapping
- Weak supervision, semi-supervised learning
- Remote sensing benchmark development
Citation
*TBD
License
This dataset is released under the CC BY 4.0 License.
You are free to share, use, and adapt the data with attribution.
Contact
For questions or contributions, contact gza5dr@virginia.edu.