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c69ce981-e254-4707-b87a-cb493e8a948e | OPV can be used if vaccine l monitor is showing? | Colour of outer circle is same as inner square | Colour of outer circle is darker than inner square | Colour of outer circle is lighter than inner square | None of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Colour of outer circle is darker than inner square | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4bf5d147-3860-4dcf-ac71-9f9b0a87e583 | Average gain of height in first year ? | 25 cms | 50 cms | 75 cms | 100 cms | 0a | single | O.P. Ghai 9th Edition - page 13 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
a524efbb-8a52-4298-9f4f-40790d95c8b9 | Investigation of choice to diagnose congenital malformations | USG | HSG | MRI | CT | 2c | single | MRI is the investigation of choice to diagnose congenital malformaiton. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
8d5a6669-3645-4275-a1da-89ee456bf3fd | Pain is appreciated when the small bowel is | Burned | crushed | Cut | distended | 3d | multi | The gut is insensitive to common painful stimuli Distention of the small bowel produces a feeling of paraumbilical discomfo | Surgery | null |
e778cda1-38c5-4583-bf9d-02979ff48c67 | The main advantage of RPD over FPD in replacing bilateral lost teeth is | Cross arch stabilization | Aesthetics | Less expensive | Comfort to the patient | 0a | single | null | Dental | null |
6f6b53ff-bca5-44ad-a4c0-2384a34a3c3d | Which is seen in chediak Higashi syndrome | Neutopenia | Defective microbial killing | Presence of large granules in neutrophils | All of the above | 3d | multi | Ref Harrison 16/e p,353:,354, Robbins 9/e p238 Chediak Higashi syndrome: Autosomal recessive inheence Due to defect in lysosomal transpo protein LYST. Clinical feature include: primary immune deficiency, neutropenia , defective microbial killing,impaired chemotaxis,hypopigmentation, photophobia, nystagmus. Microscopic ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
223519f2-4f43-42d2-a370-a765820b764d | The stye is other name of | Chalazion | Hordeolum internum | Hordeolum externum | None of the above | 2c | multi | (Refer: AK Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmology, 6th edition, pg no.367)Acute infection of Zeis (Moll) gland - Stye (Hordeolum externum)Acute infection of the tarsal gland (Meibomian gland)- Hordeolum internumChronic infection of the tarsal gland (Meibomian gland)- Chalazion | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus |
6daa0511-3c7b-45d5-9e67-12d85f4e707d | Metal fume fever is common in chronic poisoning with - | Mercury | Lead | Zinc | Thallium | 2c | multi | Metal Fume Fever is a self limiting influenza like syndrome resulting from acute exposure to fumes or smoke of zinc (most common), copper, manganese, nickel, mercury and other volatile metals. | Forensic Medicine | null |
0315a1c7-4bd2-466c-901a-dbf23087eb84 | Ionophores have following action except: | Abolish proton gradient | Inhibit ADP to ATP conversion | Hydrophilic in character | Abolish pH gradient | 2c | multi | C i.e. Hydrophilic in characterIonophoresaillCeain microbes synthesize small organic molecules called ionophores, that function as shuttle for the movement of ions across membrane. | Physiology | null |
724817c1-2899-4d7c-958a-d1c649d323c9 | Which of the following part of psychosexual theory operates on the pleasure principle and attempts to obtain pleasure: | Id | Ego. | Superego. | None. | 0a | multi | null | Dental | null |
6e196ea8-ed3d-4a78-a0ac-a572aa6d68b7 | Incidence of primary open-angle glaucoma in population over 40 years of age is about: | 1 in 100 | 1 in 200 | 1 in 500 | 1 in 1000 | 0a | single | Ans. 1 in 100 | Ophthalmology | null |
2a66ad58-87e0-4ea4-8993-f177281e5584 | Lysogenic conversion is seen in: | C. diphtheriae | Salmonella | Staphylococcus | E.coli | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., C. diphtheriaeRef: - Jawetz latest e/p. 274The toxigenicity of the diphtheria bacilli depends on the presence in it of corynephages (tox +). Nontoxigenic strains may be rendered toxigenic by infecting them with beta phage or some other larger phage. This is known as lysogenic conversion or phage conve... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
37701e61-16cd-4a82-8f6b-69b345c07850 | Hot potato voice is characteristic of | Pre tonsillar abscess | Glottis carcinoma | Subglottic carcinoma | Supraglottic carcinoma | 0a | single | Peritonsillar abscess shows muffled and thick speech often called as " hot potato voice ". Ref: Textbook of diseases of ENT, PL Dhingra, 7th edition, pg no. 298 | ENT | Larynx |
35a60859-f958-40df-a0f0-ead81e4a786a | A child can Sit in Tripod position at which month? | 5 months | 6 months | 8 months | 9 months | 1b | single | Developmental milestones:- GROSS MOTOR DEVELOPMENT: 2 months: Holds head in plane of rest of the body when held in ventral suspension. In prone position in bed, the chin lifts momentarily. 3 months:lift head above the plane of the body. Head control stas by 3 months and fully developed by 5 months. 4 months:Remain on f... | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
1e94dd36-ff6e-44a3-a271-2ddc25b4a888 | Serotonin syndrome may be precipitated by all of the following medications, except: | Chlorpromazine | Pentazocine | Buspirone | Meperidine | 0a | multi | Chlorpromazine is used in the treatment of serotonin syndrome. It is a potent 5HT2 receptor antagonist and can reduce the level of serotonin thereby useful in serotonin syndrome. Ref: The Diagnosis of Psychosis By Rudolf Cardinal, Edward Bullmore, Page 125; Blackwell's Five-Minute Veterinary Consult Clinical Companion,... | Pharmacology | null |
a8f933d5-1222-44c9-bedc-da1a033281b0 | Post prandial motility is maximum in | Transverse colon | Rectum | Descending colon | Sigmoid colon | 3d | single | Post prandial motility is maximum in sigmoid colon followed by transverse colon. | Physiology | null |
00ac148e-14f2-49c7-b460-153aeab1d8cc | False statement regarding xenon is_____ | Rapid induction and emergence | Free from greenhouse effects | Teratogenic | Does not trigger malignant hypehermia | 2c | multi | Xenon is Non- teratogenic.Option A: Xenon has a very low blood-gas solubility coefficient (0.115) and produces rapid induction of and emergence from anaesthesia.Option B: Xenon produces no green house effect or ozone depletion and is environmentally safe, unlike the other inhaled anaesthetics.Option D: Does not trigger... | Anaesthesia | Inhalational Anesthetic Agents |
706d4758-e1b2-47a5-92b5-2c41109ff0f4 | A Carrier of Neisseria Meningiditis can be detected by | CSF - PCR | CSF - Culture | Blood culture | Nasopharynegeal swab culture | 3d | single | Specimen for cases - Blood and CSF
Specimen for carriers - Nasopharyngeal swab. | Microbiology | null |
823d3442-21a4-42bf-b40f-41939ac40041 | Fibrosis is due to- | TGF-b | TNF-a | IL - 7 | IL -10 | 0a | single | Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease South Asia edition. Robbins 9/e p46 *activated macrophages secrete 1 growth factors ,TGF Beta:tissue repair and fibrosis. 2 IL 10 ,TGF Beta: anti inflammatory effect. | Pathology | General pathology |
a769e123-a78a-4b8a-89d5-06c1dc14d811 | Zero order kinetics means: | A constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time | A constant fraction of the drug in the body is eliminated per unit time | The fraction of the administered dose that reaches the systemic circulation. | The effect that can be increased by giving a second agent that boosts the effect of the liver's enzyme system | 0a | single | Ans. a (A constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time). (Ref. Pharmacology by KD Tripathi 6th/33, fig. 3.5)ZERO ORDER ELIMINATION# The metabolic pathways responsible for alcohol metabolism are rapidly saturated and that clearance is determined by how fast these pathways can work. The metabolic pathways work to ... | Pharmacology | General Pharmacology |
5ac2201f-0bb3-4f6e-9499-79f80d1b41de | A widely used drug that suppresses cellular immunity, inhibits prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis and increases the catabolism of IgG antibody is: | Cyclophosphamide | Prednisone | Cyclosporine | Infliximab | 1b | single | Glucocoicoids are powerful immunosuppressants. These inhibit both cellular and humoral immunity by: * Decreasing the recruitment of immune cells. * Catabolism of immunoglobulins. * Inhibiting the enzyme phospholipase A2 resulting in decreased production of PGs, LTs and TXs. | Pharmacology | Targeted Anticancer Drugs and Immunosuppressants |
4563a660-48d0-48e6-8bc9-9e80b9058885 | Enzyme deficient in maple syrup urine disease - | a-ketoacid decarboxylase | Transaminase | Isomerase | Mutase | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., alpha-ketoacid decarboxylase Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) or branched chain ketoaciduriao It is an inborn error of metabolism of branched chain amino acids valine, leucine and isoleucineo It is due to deficiency of enzyme that catalyzes the second reaction in these amino acids metabolism i.e. bran... | Biochemistry | Amino Acid Metabolic Disorder |
49ccf915-c118-4e51-ab57-898215677239 | A chronic alcoholic patient is brought to the emergency department by his wife. The person has not consumed alcohol for the past two days due to religious reasons. The person complained of nausea, vomiting and dizziness. On the second day. he developed seizures, that progressed to generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTC... | Sodium valproate | Phenytoin | Diazepam | Carbamazepine | 2c | single | Ans. c. Diazepam (Ref: Niraj Ahuja 6/e p39-40; Kaplan and Sadock's 9/e p1278, 1284-1285)The seizures in this patient, is due to alcohol withdrawal. Diazepam would be best medication to manage the seizure of the patient.Symptoms of Alcohol withdrawal:Hang over (MC)QHallucinationsQ (usually auditory) and illusionsQInsomn... | Psychiatry | Alcohol-Related Disorders |
df683e42-3c8c-47c9-8742-d7d8593d6e5e | Metronidazole is effective in all of the following conditions except - | Pseudomembranous colitis | Neurocysticercosis | Giardiasis | Amebic liver abscess | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Neurocysticercosis | Pharmacology | null |
9be7b99c-aff2-4202-b7c3-20b76c12276b | Which of the following is the causative agent of STD disease donovanosis? | Hemophilus ducrevi | Klebsiella granulomatis | Leishmania donovani | Treponema pallidum | 1b | multi | Granuloma inguinale/donovanosis-caused byKlebsiella granulomatis. Small, painless nodules appear after about 10-40 days of the contact with the bacteria. Later, the nodules burst, creating open, fleshy, oozing lesions. The lesions occur at the region of contact typically found on the shaft of the penis, the labia, or t... | Social & Preventive Medicine | NEET Jan 2020 |
41f7e387-2a7e-4184-af1f-338ef8040320 | A 55 years old female presents with tinnitus, dizziness and h/o progressive deafness. Differential diagnosis includes all except: | Acoustic neuroma | Endolymphatic hydrops | Meningioma | Histiocytosis-x | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e. Histiocytosis X It is very well known that first 3 options i.e., Acoustic neuroma, endolymphatic hydrops (Miniers disease), and Meningioma can cause tinnitus and u/1 progressive deafness, (although Menier disease is usually b/l but initial presentation is u/l and the other ear is also involved in a few... | ENT | Ear |
827e221f-031e-4225-b760-210296a671ae | In primary tuberculosis, all of the following may be seen except: | Cavitation | Caseation | Calcification | Langhans giant cell | 0a | multi | Cavitation is seen when there has been a previous sensitization of the host resulting in caseous necrotic material being present which is discharged through the cavities. So, it is associated with secondary tuberculosis more frequently. | Pathology | Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Lung Abscess |
8164abaf-7f79-4921-9bc5-62b187596936 | One of the following condition is not associated with clubbing : | Primary biliary cirrhosis | Chronic bronchitis | Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis | Central bronchiectasis | 1b | single | Answer is B (Chronic bronchitis): Chronic bronchitis does not cause clubbing Some causes of finger clubbing Respiratory Cardiovascular Bronchial carcinoma, especially epidermoid (squamous cell) type (major cause) Cyanotic hea disease Chronic suppurative lung disese Subacute infective endocarditis Bronchiectasis Lung ab... | Medicine | null |
48e8a6b4-01a3-47fd-b0b0-8886252980a3 | Conduction aphasia is classically seen due to lesion in - | Arcuate fascicultis | Cingulate gyms | Bruges area | Werniekes area | 0a | multi | Answer- A. Arcuate fascicultis | Medicine | null |
28e2630a-3c5e-48bd-9a28-ca4f12cddd46 | Uveal Effusion syndrome may be associated with all of the following, Except: | Myopia | Ciliochoroidal detachment | Structural defect in Sclera | Nanophthalmos | 0a | multi | A i.e. Myopia Uvea effusion syndrome may be associated with small hypermetropic eyes but it is not associated with MyopiaQ. Ciliochoroidaliffusion (tachment) = CCE It is collection of fluid in the potential space between the sclera externally and the choroids and ciliary body internally. The fluid is usually located wi... | Ophthalmology | null |
cae8f1ae-3402-415f-9b64-63a2faa82ed6 | All of the following are Hepatotoxic except- | Erythromycin | Tetracycline | Choloroquine | Rifampicin | 2c | multi | null | Medicine | null |
78fc4b9f-7851-408b-8d89-e0ede04765ad | Enophthalmos is seen in - | Blow out fracture of orbit wall | Hyperthyroidism | Radiation Injuries | Diabetes meilitus | 0a | multi | Arts. Is 'a' i.e., Blow out fracture of orbit wall o Enophthalmos is seen in blow out fracture of orbit wall.o Post traumatic enophthalmos is caused by blow out fracture through the floor of orbit.ENOPHTHALMOSo It is the inward displacement of the eyeball. About 50 percent cases of mild enophthalmos are misdiagnosed as... | Ophthalmology | Proptosis, Enophthalmos, Developmental Anomalies |
5d54599c-ed4c-4cbf-bba6-09f9721ddc30 | Blue sclera is feature of - | Osteogenesis imperfecta | Osteopetrosis | Cleidocranial dysostosis | Achendroplasia | 0a | single | Osteogenesis imperfecta also known as Fragilitas ossium/ Vrolick&;s disease characterised by, Fragility of bones, deafness, Blue sclera, laxity of joints and tendency to improve with age. It results from defective collagen synthesis and thus affects other collagen containing soft tissues such as the skin, sclera, teeth... | Orthopaedics | Bony dysplasia and soft tissue affection |
a570cb73-175d-4d3f-90b6-3e41be69444c | Inducing agent of choice in DIC | Thiopentone | Ketamine | Methohexitone | Propofol | 1b | single | The cardiovascular stimulatory effects make ketamine a desirable drug for the induction of anesthesia in unstable cardiovascular patients suffering from hypovolemia, hemorrhagic shock, or cardiovascular depression in sepsis. Ketamine bronchodilation and profound analgesia allowing the use of high oxygen concentrations ... | Anaesthesia | General anaesthesia |
f41a12e6-4c80-4d79-8653-7ba799e1f8a1 | The classic triad of brucellosis include all, except | Fever with profuse night sweats | Meningoencephalitis | Ahralgia | Hepatosplenomegaly | 1b | multi | Though the manifestations of the disease vary, the classic triad of fever with profuse night sweats , ahralgia/ahritis and hepatosplenomegaly are present in most patients | Anatomy | Bacteriology |
3c698fe6-8f61-4d97-9002-fd51297e82c0 | The following vaccines can be given to immunocompromized child except? | Recombinant | Subunit | Live attenuated | Killed | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Live attenuated o Live attenuated vaccine cannot be given in immunocompromized because even low virulent vaccine strain (of organism) can cause disease in immunocompromized patient. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
c1be576d-84ed-4a29-805a-a5d850bb01ac | Which metabolite is involved in glycolysis, HMP shunt pathway as well as gluconeogenesis? | Glucose-1-phosphate | Glucose-6-phosphate | Fructose-6-phosphate | Pyruvate | 1b | single | Conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate is a method by which glucose is trapped inside the cell. Later it is diverted to many different pathways depending upon energy state of the cell. | Biochemistry | null |
ea9c4a64-bb76-49b8-8138-6ae81039c0ca | The condition where glistening spots are found in tubal serosa: | Walthard cell nests | Metastases from ovary | Paraovarian cysts | Tubal fibrosis | 2c | single | Ans. is c i.e. Paraovarian cysts Paraovarian cysts are extra peritoneal cysts lying in broad ligament adjacent to the ovary, below the fallopian tube. The tube is stretched and flattened over the top of the cyst which tends to enlarge in a lateral direction so that it may lie to the side of and above the ovary. The cys... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
c64a0f0f-9767-4dc9-800a-ff78a4a154cc | IVF is done for infeility due to? | Azoospermia | Tubal infeility | Infeility due to PID | Uterine agenesis | 0a | single | Azoospermia REF: Shaw's 13 th ed p. 206 The requisite for In Vitro Feilization is presence of normal female reproductive tract. In presence of tubal factors leading to infeility the IVF can't be done. It is indicated for oligospermia or azoospermia. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
4d97be90-aaf4-4eec-b626-117d8514e954 | Ideal age for repair of vaginal agenesis is : | 6 months | 3 years | At pubey | Before marriage | 3d | single | Before marriage Repair of vaginal agenesis (seen in testicular feminizaton syndrome and Rokitansky-Kuster Hauser syndrome) is done by vaginoplasty. Vaginoplasty should only be performed when the girl is just married or about to be married. Techniques : 1. Frank dilatation (Non surgical method). 2. Construction of aific... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
da06f0a5-5292-496f-80b4-78f16955d295 | Low grade squamous Intraepithelial leison of cervix in Bethseda system includes : | CIN 1 | CIN 2 | CIN 3 | Squamous metaplasia | 0a | single | Dysplasias are graded as: 1. Mild dysplasia (CIN-I). The undifferentiated cells are confined to the lower one-third of the epithelium. The cells are more differentiated towards the surface. Mild dysplasia due to infection is often seen in young women indulging in sexual activity. CIN-I is lately described as low grade ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
a2c8a06b-1320-4d88-9c51-885e5b206ff7 | ALL of the following are true about trigeminal neuralgia
EXCEPT | it is unilateral | it is of throbbing nature | it is triggered by touching cheeks, mucosa etc | occurs in bouts | 1b | multi | null | Pathology | null |
1139592f-b353-4861-b39d-86331205ecfb | Keratin of skin and nail differ because of | Disulphide bond | Covalent bond | Vander Waal bond | Hydrogen bond | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e Disulphide bond " the keratins are a family of closely related fibrous proteins, whose structure is nearly entirely alpha- helical. They are a major component of tissues such as hairs and skin; their rigidity is determined by the number of disulphide bonds between the constituent polypeptide chains " -L... | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Structure & Function of Proteins) |
26ed48a2-cd3e-4bd0-ab23-1dc66df27168 | Which of the following are included in Malaria Vector Indices in pre-eradication era ? a)Spleen ratio b)Human blood index c) Slide positivity rate d)Parasite density index | 1,3 | 1,4 | 1, 2, 3 | 4,3,1 | 1b | single | Malaria vector indices are divided into 3 groups. 1.Pre-eradication era 2.Eradication ERA 3. Malaria vector indices Spleen ratio AV. Enlarged spleen Parasite rate Parasite density index IPR PCR API ABER AFI SPR SFR Human blood index Sporozoite rate Mosquito Density Biting density Inoculation rate | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable & Non Communicable Disease |
847449e5-8f57-4df5-b87a-0bcc11cea7e6 | In camera trial of a rape case hearing is done under ? | 376 IPC | 327 CrPC | 53 CrPC | 375 IPC | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. 327 CrPC S. 327 CrPC (2) -The inquiry into and trial of rape or an offence under sec.376 IPC shall be conducted in camera and it is not lawful for any person to print or publish any matter in relation to such proceedings except with the permission of cou. | Forensic Medicine | null |
0c4a864b-2ba2-4f67-b66f-a2a2f8ae75c6 | Which of the following anti-epileptic agents causes the reversible side-effect of gingival hyperplasia? | Ethosuximide | Phenobarbitone | Sodium valproate | None of the above | 3d | multi | null | Pharmacology | null |
aa975653-bd02-4486-9910-abb11779cbe4 | Amyloid is best identified by - | Staining with methyl violet | Secondary fluorescence in UV light with riboflavin | Congo red | Green birefringence of stained amyloid when viewed by polarizing microscope | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Green birefringence of stained amyloid when viewed by polarizing microscope | Pathology | null |
727efe5e-9b4f-4f4a-95c3-51b405e73c6a | The red velvety appearance of stomach mucosa is seen in the poisoning of | Lead | Arsenic | Copper | Mercury | 1b | single | (Refer: Rajesh Bardale - Principle of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 1 st edition, pg no: 430) | Anatomy | All India exam |
11674eb2-8903-4d38-a7a6-b07cc7ba8350 | Maximum energy store in | Adipose | Liver | Muscle | Blood glucose | 0a | single | It is the storehouse of energy in the body (about 1,35,000 kcal)The free fatty acid (FFA) mobilized from adipose tissue is the preferred fuel for muscle during starvationThe energy is stored in the concentrated form, triacylglycerol. The chylomicrons and VLDL are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase present on capillary wa... | Biochemistry | Respiratory chain |
b6441f04-bc25-48d4-9d2f-73743a0f60cf | 60 year old diabetic female presented with burning sensation to spicy food. Intraoral examination revealed multiple periodontal abscess and keratotic area in a lace pattern with occasional erosive areas inside the lace pattern.
Provisional diagnosis for this lady will be | Oral hairy Leukoplakia | Oral lichen planus | Oral squamous cell carcinoma | Oral pemphigus | 1b | single | Oral lichen planus is a common mucocutaneous disease, characterised by bilateral white striations, papules, plaques on the buccal mucosa, tongue and gingiva. Erosive form may present as erosions or frankly ulcerated lesions, with characteristic radiating striae on the periphery of the individual lesions. Grinspan's syn... | Pathology | null |
ab43d339-8210-4804-a46d-cda710a4e419 | Which of the following is selective alpha antagonist? | Propanolol | Prazosin | Phentolamine | Clonidine | 1b | single | Ans. B. PrazosinPrazosin is selective alpha 1 blocker which used in patients suffering from BHP. They also used in hypertension. Phentolamine is nonselective alpha blocker. Clonidine is alpha 2 agonists. | Pharmacology | A.N.S. |
2a673d59-8851-4d6e-8c15-98e46b9073ea | A 12 year old girl with the mood and emotional liability has a golden brown discoloration in descement membrane. Most likely diagnosis is ? | Fabry's disease | Wilson's disease | Glycogen storage disease | Acute rheumatic fever | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Wilson's disease Emotional liability, tremors (Neurological symptoms) with brown discoloration of descemet's membrane of coenea suggest the diagnosis of Wilson's disease. Wilson's disease ? o It occurs due to reduced mobilization of copper from lysosomes in liver cells for excretion into the bile. o A... | Pediatrics | null |
66651c6f-b72b-4e59-aec5-a4770bfdd7fa | A patient with mild skin pigmentation comes to you because of sudden abdominal pain, fever and a rigid abdomen. Her lab repo show blood sugar of 55, Na 119, and K 6.2. Her BP 88/58. She undergoes exploratory laparotomy. Which statement is true? | Treatment with exogenous steroids is usually ineffective | This condition is commonly seen as a consequence of metastasis of distant cancers, such as lung or breast to the adrenal glands | Death from untreated chronic adrenal insufficiency may occur within hours of surgery | The most common underlying cause today is infection with MDR tuberculosis | 2c | multi | Failure to recbgnize adrenal coical insufficiency, paicularly in the ppstoperative patient, may be a fatal error that is especially regrettable because therapy (exogenous steroids) is effective and easy to administer. Adrenal insufficiency may occur in a host of settings including tuberculosis (formerly the most common... | Surgery | null |
5c5d34c0-3e69-4d6b-9531-335d1edb503f | Normal safe limit of Fluoride content in drinking water is | 0.5 to 0.8 mg/L | 0.8 to 1.0 mg/L | 0.2 to 0.5 mg/L | 0.2 to 0.8 mg/L | 0a | single | The recommended level of fluorides in drinking water in India is accepted as 0.5 to 0.8 mg per literRef: Park; 23rd ed; Pg 625 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
e7688428-52f8-4ee6-b0f1-533a73c4df2c | Which of the following is not a point mutation- | Silent mutation | Nonsense mutation | Frame shift mutation | Mis-sense mutation | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Frame shift mutation o Somatic mutations include :-i) Point mutations :- Silent mutation, mis-sense mutation, nonsense mutation.ii) Frame shift mutations :- These are due to deletion or insertion of base pair.iii) Trinucleotide repeat mutation.o Methionine is activated into S-adenosylmethionine, which... | Biochemistry | Regulation of Gene Expression |
a317dcdd-de6a-48f1-95f7-7fc4473cd6e2 | Test used for cholesterol is | Salkowski test | Schilling test | Zellwenger’s test | Brodie’s test | 0a | single | null | Biochemistry | null |
08321f52-cd4c-43c7-abc7-64395b6d510e | The light brown perinuclear pigment seen on H & Estaining of the cardiac muscle fibres in the grosslynormal appearing hea of an 83 year old man atautopsy is due to deposition os: | Hemosiderin | Lipochrome | Cholesterol metabolite | Anthracotic pigment | 1b | single | . Lipochrome | Pathology | null |
f2187e42-c56d-4bac-9247-3884f5e626a4 | Apparant volume of distribution of a drug less than 5 liters implies that the drug is predominantly in which of the following compament? | Extracellular fluid | Total body water | Intracellular fluid | Intravascular fluid | 0a | single | Ans is 'a' i.e., Extracellular fluido A drug with high volume of distribution has more concentration in tissue and less in plasma.o A drug with low volume of distribution has concentration only in plasma (intravascular)Relationship between volume of distribution and extent of distributionVd (L)% body weightExtent of di... | Pharmacology | null |
ee385d01-3ecf-4b35-bf24-f5e6fcfa6e1d | This is a paramyxovirus and causes the syndrome known as croup. | Measles virus | Influenza virus | Respiratory syncytial virus | Parainfluenza virus | 3d | single | Orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses are RNA viruses that contain a single-stranded RNA genome. The influenza viruses belong to the orthomyxoviruses. They cause acute respiratory tract infections that usually occur in epidemics. Isolated strains of influenza virus are named after the virus type (influenza A, B, or C) a... | Microbiology | Virology |
3a38a471-25d5-4c12-afb1-af1d52e07632 | In emergency tracheostomy the following structures are damaged except? | Isthmus of the thyroid | Inferior thyroid aery | Thyroid ima | Inferior thyroid vein | 1b | multi | Isthmus, thyroid ima aery and inferior thyroid veins are midline structures and thus can be injured during tracheostomy, more so during emergency tracheostomy. Inferior thyroid aery, a branch of the thyrocervical trunk of the subclan aery lies laterally away from midline, thus can escape injury. In emergency tracheosto... | Anatomy | null |
d8ac47c1-82ad-4087-9256-692b2075b8d5 | The primary excretory organ for the local
anaesthetic and its metabolites is: | Lungs | Kidneys | Rectum | Skin | 1b | single | null | Surgery | null |
c0ee9858-9837-4d26-9ab8-fbb75e0e5fd4 | A case of murder with gunshot is reported. A metal bullet is recovered from the body. Primary and Secondary markings on a metal bullet can be used for | Identification of weapon | To know the range of firing | Severity of tissue damage | To know time of crime | 0a | single | Ans is 'a' i.e. Identification of weapon "Primary and secondary marks on the surface of the bullet helps in identification of the gun. Primary marks on the surface of the bullet tells about the 'make' or type of the gun used and the secondary marks which are due to some elevation or depression on the inner surface of t... | Forensic Medicine | Misc. |
b33aca63-309d-4307-85d4-23c53154b6c6 | A neonate is suspected to be suffering from necrotizing entercolitis (NEC). On fuhur examination and investigation, he is diagnosed to be Bell&;s stage INEC. The management of choice would be | Laporotomy and proceed | Inseion of bilateral pelvic drains | Conservative management with IV fluids and antibiotics | Initial conservative management and laparotomy after 24 hours | 2c | single | .Abdomen radiographs may show pneumatosis intestinalis,or free intraperitoneal air. management consists of agressive resuscitation and intravenous feeding.The optimal time for surgery is not in the acute phase as the baby can withstand the pressure of necrosis better than an adult,but not in the stress laprotomy. BAILE... | Pediatrics | Gastrointestinal tract |
4a5357b8-8df5-45c1-8cb4-6e137142e1d4 | False statement regarding this condition: | Associated with HLA DR4, DR5, DQ3 | Exclamation mark seen | Spares grey and white hairs | Itching and scaling seen | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Itching and scaling seenAlopecia AreataInitial lesion is a circumscribed, totally bald, smooth patchExclamation mark hairs seenHLA DR4, DR5, DQ3 associatedSpares grey white hairs leading to "Going white/Turning grey overnight phenomenon"No itching or scaling | Skin | General |
0ee78a3a-d3de-4a46-a51e-7846de72c2f3 | An intrauterine pregnancy of approximately 10 weeks gestation is confirmed in a 30-year-old gravida 5, para 4 woman with an IUD in place. The patient expresses a strong desire for the pregnancy to be continued. On examination, the string of the IUD is noted to be protruding from the cervical os. The most appropriate co... | Leave the IUD in place without any other treatment | Leave the IUD in place and continue prophylactic antibiotics throughout pregnancy | Remove the IUD immediately | Terminate the pregnancy because of the high risk of infection | 2c | single | Although there is an increased risk of spontaneous abortion, and a small risk of infection, an intrauterine pregnancy can occur and continue successfully to term with an IUD in place. However, if the patient wishes to keep the pregnancy and if the string is visible, the IUD should be removed in an attempt to reduce the... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraceptives |
750844cc-eade-459f-b269-81193564a3fa | CHF in an infant is characterized by all Except | Pedal edema | Tachypnea | Sweating | Poor weight gain | 0a | multi | Congestive Cardiac Failure in InfantsSymptomsSignsFeeding difficulty.Takes less volume per feed.Diaphoretic while sucking.Forehead sweating.Suck-rest-suck cycle.Poor weight gain. Periorbital edema Clothes no longer fit.Increasing cloth sizeRapid breathing/nasal flaring/cyanosis/chest retractions.Tachycardia.Hepatomegal... | Pathology | All India exam |
0a757ece-728a-4805-93f6-789e7c68ae6e | Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions can aid in diagnosis of all of the following viral infections except - | Adenovirus | Astrovirus | Rotavirus | Poliovirus | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Adenovirus . Normally in transcription there is formation of RNA from DNA. Obviously, as the name suggests, reverse transcriptase will cause transcription in reverse fashion i.e synthesis of DNA from RNA. Then fresh RNA is formed from DNA. . Amongst the given options, only adenovirus is a DNA virus. A... | Microbiology | null |
11f8c9e5-d8f3-4cc6-9e44-462166f67a47 | Classical indications of gamma knife amongst the following is: | Glioblastoma | Arterio-venous malformation | Tuberculoma | Hepatocellular carcinoma | 1b | single | Ans. B. Arterio- venous malformationThe classic indication of cobalt based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and Gamma knife are:* Arterio-venous malformation* Acoustic Schwannoma* Pituitary Adenoma* Meningioma* Trigeminal NeuralgiaGamma knife aims gamma radiation through a target point in the patient's brain. The patien... | Radiology | Miscellaneous |
5337b65f-ab51-403a-a9f3-03999d836c40 | Translation occurs in : | Ribosomes | Mitochondria | Nucleus | Cytoplasm | 0a | single | A i.e. Ribosome | Biochemistry | null |
a0498e4a-6040-483d-a4d8-e01e92fc2b56 | Vocal cords are supplied by? | External laryngeal nerve | Internal laryngeal nerve | Recurrent laryngeal nerve | Vagus nerve | 2c | single | Ans. c (Recurrent laryngeal nerve). (Ref. BD Chaurasia, Anatomy, 3rd vol., 3rd ed., 61)# The internal laryngeal nerve supplies the mucous membrane of larynx above the level of vocal folds.# The recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies below the level of vocal cords.# When both recurrent laryngeal nerves are interrupted, voca... | Anatomy | Larynx |
714a0a1b-9533-4d83-88f4-4118e9c29dec | Treatment of stage III carcinoma ovary: March 2013 | Total hysterectomy | Total hysterectomy + bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy | Debulking surgery + removal of tumour | None of the above | 2c | multi | Ans. C i.e. Debulking surgery + removal of tumour Advanced and inoperable cases (stage III, IV) will benefit from debulking surgery and removal of tumour. Postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy improve the survival and quality of life Ovarian tumours Meigs syndrome: - Ascites, - Hydrothorax (right side) and - Beni... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
162121d8-f1a4-457e-a049-296ed063b454 | Frecieuncy of Rest tremor in Parkinson's disease is - | 2/sec | 14/sec | 4-6/sec | 8/sec | 2c | single | null | Medicine | null |
2a60aa57-2594-4fc1-85e3-10302e60b0f3 | A 59 yr old man with severe myxomatous mitral regurgitation is asymptomatic,wi wia left ventricular ejection fraction of 45% and an endsystollic diameter index of 2.9cm/m2 . The most appropriate treatment is | Mitral valve repair or replacement | No treatment | ACE inhibitor therapy | Digoxin and diuretic therapy | 0a | single | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1545 Valve repair for ischemic MR is associated with lower periopera- tive moality rates but higher rates of recurrent MR over time. In patients with ischemic MR and significantly impaired LV systolic function (EF <30%), the risk of surgery is higher, recovery of LV per- formance is incomplete,... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
b67745d5-7a39-4122-ab70-3d0f3617c81f | The marked structure on the X-ray is: | Nasopharynx | Ethmoidal air cells | Sphenoid sinus | Pituitary gland | 2c | single | (c) Sphenoid sinus(Ref. Scott Brown, 6th ed., 4/3/2)Shown below are X-ray Waters view (occipitomental) with open mouth and X-ray Nose & PNS- lateral view. Note the highest sinus in the lateral view is the frontal sinus. | ENT | Congenital Lesions and Stridor |
8fb45ac8-2422-4f07-b779-ae4cbd7f2fde | Ampicillin prophylaxis is given in - | Rectal surgery | Splenectomy | Head and neck surgery | Biliary surgery | 0a | single | • Prophylactic antibiotics in biliary surgery are designed to reduce the incidence of postoperative wound infections.
• The efficacy of antibiotics in the prevention of wound infections has been demonstrated with first, second and third generation cephalosporins, ampicillin associated with clavulanate, ureido-penicilli... | Surgery | null |
ff7e0e66-8b05-4023-9457-9f8e87437353 | Acetyl coA can be directly converted to all except | Glucose | Fatty acids | Cholesterol | Ketone bodies | 0a | multi | Acetyl-CoA may have following fates :-
Synthesis of fatty acids, ketone bodies, cholesterol and other steroids
Oxidation via TCA cycle | Biochemistry | null |
4c127ccc-8109-4557-a78b-94e8496994ef | On mammogram all of the following are the features of a malignant tumor except | Spiculation | Microcalcification | Macrocalcification | Irregular mass | 2c | multi | Mammographic features suggestive of breast cancer A solid mass with or without stellate features Asymmetric thickening of breast tissues Clustered microcalcification Presence of fine, stippled calcium in and around a suspicious lesion is suggestive of breast cancer and occurs in as many as 50% of nonpalpable cancers Th... | Anatomy | Endocrinology and breast |
e3453437-c20c-4c8b-8abc-bd75ef2c88fe | Drugs used for treating schizophrenia are chiefly: March 2010 | Antimaniac | Antidepressant | Antihistaminics | Antipsychotic | 3d | single | Ans. D: Antipsychotic Antipsychotics have been a mainstay of therapy for schizophrenia since the introduction of chlorpromazine in the mid-1950s, which revolutionized treatment. Atypical/second generation antipsychotic drugs, such as riseperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine. Aripiprazole, and ziprasidone, are more commonly... | Psychiatry | null |
26324561-b7b1-47ed-b3fd-e2177f46b79f | Codex ali Men tarius is related to - | Water purity | Milk purity | Air pollution | Food stardardization | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd i.e., Food standardization Food standards are :- i) Coder alimentarius ii) The Agmark standards iii) Bureau of Indian standards iv) ETA standards | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ea33e1ef-f6e7-469f-ad56-721cb4122042 | Most specific symptom of temporal aeritis? | Visual loss | Jaw claudication | Temporal headache | Polymyalgia rheumatica | 1b | single | Giant cell aeritis ( temporal aeritis ) is a chronic vasculitis of large and medium vessel aeries, usually affecting the cranial branches of aeries arising from aoic arch. Jaw claudication is an underrepoed, yet, a very specific symptom of GCA, with a high positive predictive value. Ref : Harrison's Principles of Inter... | Medicine | All India exam |
1c0440a1-21e6-46d9-9222-24e2f10c00f8 | Patient with pelvic fracture presents with anuria. After 24 hrs bladder is not palpable. Possible diagnosis includes:a) Bulbar urethral injuryb) Posterior urethral injuryc) Extraperitoneal rupture of bladderd) Intraperitoneal rupture of bladder | ab | bc | bd | cd | 3d | single | The provided clues suggest rupture of the bladder, either intraperitoneal or extraperitoneal. The differentiation between the two could not be made on the basis of given clinical findings. | Surgery | null |
3b9e386b-cd09-4856-ae80-5cbfcdb52e43 | All of the following are true about anopheles type of mosquito Except – | Eggs are boat shaped and provided with lateral floats | Larvae rest parallel to water surface | Larvae have siphon tube | Pupae have broad and short siphon | 2c | multi | null | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
1e0fd601-1244-41f0-ad21-b5db847bfaee | The following hemotoxylin and eosin stained biopsy is from which tissue? | Tonsils | Spleen | Lymph Node | Peyer's patches | 0a | single | Ans- A Ref- medcell.med.yale.edu | Anatomy | Digestive System (Histology) |
2f8ad044-5466-4599-8000-adfefe91c941 | Which is most common site of Ca pancreas? | Head | Body | Tail | Neck | 0a | single | Ans: a (Head) Ref: Robbins, 7th ed, p. 950Most commonly Ca pancreas arises from head.- Head-60%- Body - 15%- Tail - 5%- Diffusely involves the gland-20%Carcinoma of pancreas are usually hard, stellate, grey - white poorly defined masses.Two features are characteristic of pancreatic cancer.- Highly invasive.- It elicits... | Surgery | Pancreas |
e39d86a9-0c04-4031-9c13-d483ee46ab30 | The following are function of restriction endonuclease, EXCEPT: | Cut both the strands of double stranded DNA | The cut ends produced by restriction endonuclease are sticky | The cut ends produced by restriction endonuclease are blunt | It is non specific to base pairs | 3d | multi | Restriction endonuclease are the enzymes that cut the double stranded DNA. It is highly specific, recognises 4 to 7 base pairs. Sticky ends used in chimeric and hybrid molecule preparation. Ref: Harper, 27th Edition, Page 403; Textbook of Biochemistry By DM Vasudevan, 4th Edition, Page 430. | Biochemistry | null |
75bad0a2-425b-42ac-8325-1ddde1316ea5 | Which ovarian tumor is likely to involve the opposite ovary by metastasis : | Granulosa cell tumor | Dysgerminoma | Gynandroblastoma | Endodermal sinus tumor | 0a | single | Ans. is a i.e. Granulosa cell tumour "The metastasis of granulosa cell tumour is interesting because the opposite ovary first become involved, then metastasis develop in the lumber region, secondary deposits become scattered in the mesentery, the liver and mediastinum." Granulosa cell tumour and theca cell tumour are f... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
feb69838-3165-446f-aa36-97887d37ddd2 | Totipotency of embryonic stem cell is due to that they? | Can differentiate into all the tissues of embryonic or extraembryonic cell types. | Can differentiate into cells derived from any of the three germ layers. | Can differentiate only into cells of a closely related family | Can differentiate only in to one cell type | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Can differentiate into all the tissues of embryonic or extraembryonic cell types Stem cells base on their potency* Potency refers to ability of stem cells to differentiate into specialized (mature) cell type:-A. Totipotent stem cells - These cells are produced from fertilization of sperm and ovum and ... | Pathology | Misc. |
5a8b5fad-89e1-4a79-b744-9ab9cb1ada98 | A known case of chronic kidney disease stage 4 is on insulin therapy. What adjustment in insulin dosage is required? | Increase dose of insulin | Decrease dose of insulin | Variable | No alteration in dose | 1b | single | Some of the insulin is cleared by the kidneys. No dose adjustment is required if GFR is more than 50 mL/min. If GFR is less than 50 mL/min, then insulin dose should be reduced. As in CKD stage 4 GFR is <15mL/min so the dose of insulin should be decreased. | Pharmacology | Pancreas |
7d83846f-01b8-4880-9abb-e6babdd96fbf | All of the following drugs can result in amorphous whorl like corneal opacities except: | Amiodarone | Chloroquine | Indomethacin | Chlorpromazine | 3d | multi | Ans. (D) Chlorpromazine (12th/e p1793; Khurana 5th/e p69; Parsons21stth/e p214, Clinical ocular Pharmacology/803)Amorphous whorl like corneal deposit suggests a case of cornea verticillata (or vortex keratopathy). It is seen in Fabry's disease and it may be drug induced.The whorl-like pattern shows the direction of mig... | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous |
c14a103f-3964-4d7b-b823-99f3b98ba3d7 | In gram-negative septicemia, early findings before shock sets in is - | ↑ Cardiac output,↑ Total peripheral resistance | ↑ Cardiac output, ↓ Total peripheral resistance | ↓Cardiac output, ↑ Total peripheral resistance | ↓ Cardiac output, ↓ Total peripheral resistance | 1b | single | Cardiac output and total peripheral resistance in septic shock
The decrease in peripheral resistance is the hallmark of early (hyperdynamic) stage of septic shock, this feature distinguishes it from other types of shock, e.g., hypovolemic and cardiogenic shock.
Decreased peripheral resistance leads to a compensatory i... | Pathology | null |
dc575e8e-f543-4c13-9cdf-ab860fc7e284 | The most common malignancy that produces ichthyosis? | Hodgkin's disease | Mycosis fungoides | Kaposi's sarcoma | Carcinoma breast | 0a | single | . | Pathology | All India exam |
96cfb8e6-45ed-441c-a1cc-4720f658da19 | 4 months old infant had respiratory distress.It was diagnosed as bronchiolitis. most common cause of this is | Measles | Respiratory syncytial virus | Influenza | Para Influenza virus | 1b | single | RSV is the m/c cause of lower respiratory tract infection below 1 year. | Microbiology | null |
1664176f-fc09-4483-a4a2-3e715325b73c | Suprabony pockets are also known as | Infrabony | Intra-alveolar | Subcrestal | Supracrestal/Supra-alveolar | 3d | single | null | Dental | null |
8ca5e6c5-ee3a-4269-8fb0-355890c9db35 | Which of the following is not a phospholipid | Sphingomyelin | Cephalin | Cerebroside | Cardiolipin | 2c | single | Cerebroside is a Glyolipid. It doesn't contain phosphate group. | Biochemistry | null |
c7a1d2aa-a2ba-457b-9170-683239d8a819 | Modified radical mastoidectomy is indicated in all except - | Safe CSOM | Unsafe CSOM with attticoantra! disease | Coalescent mastoiditis | Limited mastoid pathology | 0a | multi | Ans- A in safe tympanoplasty is done | ENT | Diagnostic & Operative ENT |
939f111c-41b6-42a5-9466-46403fd0440e | Most stable amino acid at physiological pH is | Histidine | Lysine | Arginine | Glycine | 0a | single | Histidine plays unique roles in enzymatic catalysis. The pKa of its imidazole proton permits histidine to function at neutral pH as either a base or an acid catalyst without the need for any environmentally induced shift.
Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry 30 th edition page no 22 | Biochemistry | null |
ece094a3-fbc1-4aad-9ee1-91241d7c717b | Cyclosporine is used in the management of - | Disciform Keratitis | Anterior Iridocyclitis | Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment | Phacomorphic glaucoma | 0a | single | Answer- A. Disciform KeratitisTopical steroids (Drugs of choice)Mydriatic - cycloplegics: Atropine (Drug of 2nd choice)NSAIDs | Ophthalmology | null |
ae46b7c0-865e-4873-9b01-9b5fe96367ac | A 3 week old child presented to the pediatrician with meningitis. A presumptive diagnosis of late onset perinatal meningitis was made. The CSF culture was positive for gram positive bacilli. Which of the following characteristic of this bacteria would be helpful in differentiating it from other bacterial agents:- | Ability to grow on blood agar | Ability to produce catalase | Fermentative attack on sugars | Motility at 25 degree Celsius. | 3d | single | L. monocytogenes is resposible for late onset perinatal meningitis. gram positive, non -spore forming rod tumbling motility at 22-28 degree Celsius but not at 37 degree Celsius- differentiates listeria from diphtheroids that are members of the normal microbiota of the skin. | Microbiology | Lab Investigations |
4755533d-c8b5-4839-a546-f93f2713fcc5 | Most vascular structure of eyeball is | Iris | Ciliary body | Choroid | Sclera | 2c | multi | null | Ophthalmology | null |
4847d9dd-8e53-40c0-8a7f-8dcedfbbb9d2 | Vitamin not deficient in celiac disease is? | Vitamin D | Vitamin B 12 | Folic acid | Vitamin A | 2c | single | Folk acid REF: Sheila Crowe - 2010 page 384, Harrison 17th ed chapter 288 Vitamins deficient in celiac disease are: Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin K Vitamin B12 | Surgery | null |
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