Building Trust in Clinical LLMs: Bias Analysis and Dataset Transparency
Paper • 2510.18556 • Published • 2
doi stringlengths 3 59 | license stringclasses 95
values | pmc stringclasses 0
values | pubmed_id stringclasses 0
values | subset stringclasses 1
value | text stringlengths 301 1.8M |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1101/2022.05.12.491637 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | Background Shotgun metagenomic sequencing is increasingly popular in taxonomic and resistome-profiling of polymicrobial samples due to its agnostic nature and data versatility. However, caveats include highcost, sequencing depth/sensitivity trade-offs, and challenging bioinformatic deconvolution. Targeted PCR-based pro... |
10.35470/2226-4116-2022-11-4-217-226 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | We consider one of the cybernetic methods in biology related to the study of DNA chains. Namely, we are considering the problem of reconstructing the distance matrix for DNA chains. Such a matrix is formed on the basis of any of the possible algorithms for determining the distances between DNA chains. The objects of re... |
10.5888/pcd15.180026 | cc-by|public-domain | null | null | openalex | Background A growing body of literature shows that health promotion and disease prevention strategies and messages may not be effective in reaching racially and ethnically diverse communities, unless those strategies are culturally and linguistically adapted for target communities (1) . The Racial and Ethnic Approache... |
10.7759/cureus.8736 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | Background Shared governance is considered a model for mounting autonomous decision making in nursing profession and practice. This study aimed to assess how registered nurses in an outpatient department in a tertiary care hospital perceive shared governance.
Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study among a conve... |
10.5194/isprs-annals-v-3-2022-131-2022 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | Calculating solar-sensor zenith and azimuth angles for hyperspectral images collected by UAVs are important in terms of conducting bi-directional reflectance function (BRDF) correction or radiative transfer modeling-based applications in remote sensing. These applications are even more necessary to perform high-through... |
10.1056/nejm188512241132607 | public-domain | null | null | openalex | later a cyclitis developed which soon subsided. In December, Sn. 1 was read, though there were opacities in the vitreous. During the next six months Miss X.. was kept indoors by sciatica. She read and sewed at will, and later was able to exercise in her garden. September 14th. Feeling very well, she went out to drive a... |
10.1371/journal.pone.0230645 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | Houttuynia cordata Thunb. has been used as a traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments in Asian countries such as China, Japan, South Korea, and Thailand. In Thailand, H. cordata fermentation products (HCFPs) are commercially produced and popularly consumed throughout the country without experimental validati... |
10.2196/43376 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | "Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMSP) affects between 13% and 47% of the population, with(...TRUNCATED) |
10.21496/ams.2020.002 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | "The article introduces an innovative concept of a screw of an extruder used for granulation of poly(...TRUNCATED) |
10.48550/arxiv.1705.03274 | cc-by | null | null | openalex | "After Run 1 of the LHC, global fits to b → s observables show a deviation from the Standard Model(...TRUNCATED) |
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HC4 (Healthcare Comprehensive Commons Corpus)
HC4 is a large-scale pretraining dataset containing over 65 billion tokens from diverse healthcare-related sources. The corpus was curated to enable systematic investigation of how data composition influences language model behavior, including potential demographic biases.
Dataset Overview
Dataset Name: HC4 (Healthcare Comprehensive Commons Corpus)
Size: 153GB (around 65 billion tokens)
Number of samples: 9.7+ million documents from diverse sources including peer-reviewed scientific literature collected from PubMed Central, Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex repositories
Repository: m42-health/HC4
Purpose: Pretraining large language models for healthcare applications
Format: .parquet files
License: Open licenses for each data sample permitting commercial use and redistribution
Organization: M42 (Abu Dhabi)
How to load the dataset
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("m42-health/HC4")
Details
This dataset is accompanied by a peer-reviewed research paper accepted at EMNLP 2025 Conference, which presents comprehensive bias analysis methodology for clinical LLMs and provides transparency in dataset composition and curation.
Reference Paper: "Building Trust in Clinical LLMs: Bias Analysis and Dataset Transparency" (EMNLP 2025)
Link to arxiv page: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.18556
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